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Text File  |  1996-05-07  |  20KB  |  186 lines

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  7. Network Working Group                                         T. Pummill Request for Comments: 1878                                       Alantec Obsoletes: 1860                                               B. Manning Category: Informational                                              ISI                                                            December 1995 
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  9.                   Variable Length Subnet Table For IPv4 
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  11. Status of this Memo 
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  13.    This memo provides information for the Internet community.  This memo    does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.  Distribution of    this memo is unlimited. 
  14.  
  15. Abstract 
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  17.    This memo clarifies issues surrounding subnetting IP networks by    providing a standard subnet table.  This table includes subnetting    for Class A, B, and C networks, as well as Network IDs, host ranges    and IP broadcast addresses with emphasis on Class C subnets. 
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  19.    This memo is intended as an informational companion to Subneting RFC    [1] and the Hosts Requirements RFC [2]. 
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  21. Introduction 
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  23.    The growth of networking since the time of STD 5, RFC 950 and STD 3,    RFC 1123 has resulted in larger and more complex network subnetting.    The previously mentioned RFCs comprise the available guidelines for    creating subnetted networks, however they have occassionaly been    misinterpreted leading to confusion regarding proper subnetting. 
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  25.    This document itemizes the potential values for IPv4 subnets.    Additional information is provided for Hex and Decmial values,    classfull equivalants, and number of addresses available within the    indicated block. 
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  39.  Pummill & Manning            Informational                      [Page 1] 
  40.  RFC 1878                      Subnet Table                 December 1995 
  41.  
  42.  Table 
  43.  
  44.    The following table lists the variable length subnets from 1 to 32,    the CIDR [3] representation form (/xx) and the Decmial equivalents.    (M = Million, K=Thousand, A,B,C= traditional class values) 
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  46.    Mask value:                             # of    Hex            CIDR   Decimal           addresses  Classfull    80.00.00.00    /1     128.0.0.0         2048 M     128 A    C0.00.00.00    /2     192.0.0.0         1024 M      64 A    E0.00.00.00    /3     224.0.0.0          512 M      32 A    F0.00.00.00    /4     240.0.0.0          256 M      16 A    F8.00.00.00    /5     248.0.0.0          128 M       8 A    FC.00.00.00    /6     252.0.0.0           64 M       4 A    FE.00.00.00    /7     254.0.0.0           32 M       2 A    FF.00.00.00    /8     255.0.0.0           16 M       1 A    FF.80.00.00    /9     255.128.0.0          8 M     128 B    FF.C0.00.00   /10     255.192.0.0          4 M      64 B    FF.E0.00.00   /11     255.224.0.0          2 M      32 B    FF.F0.00.00   /12     255.240.0.0       1024 K      16 B    FF.F8.00.00   /13     255.248.0.0        512 K       8 B    FF.FC.00.00   /14     255.252.0.0        256 K       4 B    FF.FE.00.00   /15     255.254.0.0        128 K       2 B    FF.FF.00.00   /16     255.255.0.0         64 K       1 B    FF.FF.80.00   /17     255.255.128.0       32 K     128 C    FF.FF.C0.00   /18     255.255.192.0       16 K      64 C    FF.FF.E0.00   /19     255.255.224.0        8 K      32 C    FF.FF.F0.00   /20     255.255.240.0        4 K      16 C    FF.FF.F8.00   /21     255.255.248.0        2 K       8 C    FF.FF.FC.00   /22     255.255.252.0        1 K       4 C    FF.FF.FE.00   /23     255.255.254.0      512         2 C    FF.FF.FF.00   /24     255.255.255.0      256         1 C    FF.FF.FF.80   /25     255.255.255.128    128       1/2 C    FF.FF.FF.C0   /26     255.255.255.192     64       1/4 C    FF.FF.FF.E0   /27     255.255.255.224     32       1/8 C    FF.FF.FF.F0   /28     255.255.255.240     16      1/16 C    FF.FF.FF.F8   /29     255.255.255.248      8      1/32 C    FF.FF.FF.FC   /30     255.255.255.252      4      1/64 C    FF.FF.FF.FE   /31     255.255.255.254      2     1/128 C    FF.FF.FF.FF   /32     255.255.255.255   This is a single host route 
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  57.  
  58. Pummill & Manning            Informational                      [Page 2] 
  59.  RFC 1878                      Subnet Table                 December 1995 
  60.  
  61.  Subnets and Networks 
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  63.    The number of available network and host addresses are derived from    the number of bits used for subnet masking.  The tables below depict    the number of subnetting bits and the resulting network, broadcast    address, and host addresses.  Please note that all-zeros and all-ones    subnets are included in Tables 1-1 and 1-2 per the current,    standards- based practice for using all definable subnets [4]. 
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  65.    Table 1-1 represents traditional subnetting of a Class B network    address. 
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  67. Subnet Mask     # of nets    Net. Addr.  Host Addr Range  Brodcast Addr. Bits of Subnet  hosts/subnet 
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  69. 255.255.128.0   2 nets        N.N.0.0     N.N.0-127.N      N.N.127.255 1 bit subnet    32766         N.N.128.0   N.N.128-254.N    N.N.254.255 
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  71. 255.255.192.0   4 nets        N.N.0.0     N.N.0-63.N       N.N.63.255 2 bit subnet    16382         N.N.64.0    N.N.64-127.N     N.N.127.255                               N.N.128.0   N.N.128-191.N    N.N.191.255                               N.N.192.0   N.N.192-254.N    N.N.254.255 
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  73. 255.255.224.0   8 nets        N.N.0.0     N.N.0-31.N       N.N.31.255 3 bit subnet    8190          N.N.32.0    N.N.32-63.N      N.N.63.255                               N.N.64.0    N.N.64-95.N      N.N.95.255                               N.N.96.0    N.N.96-127.N     N.N.127.255                               N.N.128.0   N.N.128-159.N    N.N.159.255                               N.N.160.0   N.N.160-191.N    N.N.191.255                               N.N.192.0   N.N.192-223.N    N.N.223.255                               N.N.224.0   N.N.224-254.N    N.N.254.255 
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  75. 255.255.240.0   16 nets       N.N.0.0     N.N.0-15.N       N.N.15.255 4 bit subnet    4094          N.N.16.0    N.N.16-31.N      N.N.31.255                               N.N.32.0    N.N.32-47.N      N.N.47.255                               N.N.48.0    N.N.48-63.N      N.N.63.255                               N.N.64.0    N.N.64-79.N      N.N.79.255                               N.N.80.0    N.N.80-95.N      N.N.95.255                               N.N.96.0    N.N.96-111.N     N.N.111.255                               N.N.112.0   N.N.112-127.N    N.N.127.255                               N.N.128.0   N.N.128-143.N    N.N.143.255                               N.N.144.0   N.N.144-159.N    N.N.159.255                               N.N.160.0   N.N.160-175.N    N.N.175.255                               N.N.176.0   N.N.176-191.N    N.N.191.255                               N.N.192.0   N.N.192-207.N    N.N.207.255                               N.N.208.0   N.N.208-223.N    N.N.223.255                               N.N.224.0   N.N.224-239.N    N.N.239.255                               N.N.240.0   N.N.240-254.N    N.N.254.255 
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  78.  
  79. Pummill & Manning            Informational                      [Page 3] 
  80.  RFC 1878                      Subnet Table                 December 1995 
  81.  
  82.  255.255.248.0   32 nets       N.N.0.0     N.N.0-7.N        N.N.7.255 5 bit subnet    2046          N.N.8.0     N.N.8-15.N       N.N.15.255                               N.N.16.0    N.N.16-23.N      N.N.23.255                               N.N.24.0    N.N.24-31.N      N.N.31.255                               N.N.32.0    N.N.32-39.N      N.N.39.255                               N.N.40.0    N.N.40-47.N      N.N.47.255                               N.N.48.0    N.N.48-55.N      N.N.55.255                               N.N.56.0    N.N.56-63.N      N.N.63.255                               N.N.64.0    N.N.64-71.N      N.N.71.255                               N.N.72.0    N.N.72-79.N      N.N.79.255                               N.N.80.0    N.N.80-87.N      N.N.87.255                               N.N.88.0    N.N.88-95.N      N.N.95.255                               N.N.96.0    N.N.96-103.N     N.N.103.255                               N.N.104.0   N.N.104-111.N    N.N.111.255                               N.N.112.0   N.N.112-119.N    N.N.119.255                               N.N.120.0   N.N.120-127.N    N.N.127.255                               N.N.128.0   N.N.128-135.N    N.N.135.255                               N.N.136.0   N.N.136-143.N    N.N.143.255                               N.N.144.0   N.N.144-151.N    N.N.151.255                               N.N.152.0   N.N.152-159.N    N.N.159.255                               N.N.160.0   N.N.160-167.N    N.N.167.255                               N.N.168.0   N.N.168-175.N    N.N.175.255                               N.N.176.0   N.N.176-183.N    N.N.183.255                               N.N.184.0   N.N.184-191.N    N.N.191.255                               N.N.192.0   N.N.192-199.N    N.N.199.255                               N.N.200.0   N.N.200-207.N    N.N.207.255                               N.N.208.0   N.N.208-215.N    N.N.215.255                               N.N.216.0   N.N.216-223.N    N.N.223.255                               N.N.224.0   N.N.224-231.N    N.N.231.255                               N.N.232.0   N.N.232-239.N    N.N.239.255                               N.N.240.0   N.N.240-247.N    N.N.247.255                               N.N.248.0   N.N.248-254.N    N.N.254.255 
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  84. 255.255.252.0   64 nets       N.N.0.0     N.N.0-3.N        N.N.3.255 6 bit subnet    1022          N.N.4.0     N.N.4-7.N        N.N.7.255                               N.N.8.0     N.N.8-11.N       N.N.11.255                               N.N.12.0    N.N.12-15.N      N.N.15.255                               N.N.240.0   N.N.240-243.N    N.N.243.255                               N.N.244.0   N.N.244-247.N    N.N.247.255                               N.N.248.0   N.N.248-251.N    N.N.251.255                               N.N.252.0   N.N.252-254.N    N.N.254.255 
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  86.  255.255.254.0   128 nets      N.N.0.0     N.N.0-1.N        N.N.1.255 7 bit subnet    510           N.N.2.0     N.N.2-3.N        N.N.3.255                               N.N.4.0     N.N.4-5.N        N.N.5.255                               N.N.250.0   N.N.250-251.N    N.N.251.255                               N.N.252.0   N.N.252-253.N    N.N.253.255 
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  89.  
  90. Pummill & Manning            Informational                      [Page 4] 
  91.  RFC 1878                      Subnet Table                 December 1995 
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  93.                                N.N.254.0   N.N.254.N        N.N.254.255 
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  95.  255.255.255.0   255 nets      N.N.0.0     N.N.0.N          N.N.0.255 8 bit subnet    253           N.N.1.0     N.N.1.N          N.N.1.255                               N.N.252.0   N.N.252.N        N.N.252.255                               N.N.253.0   N.N.253.N        N.N.253.255                               N.N.254.0   N.N.254.N        N.N.254.255 
  96.  
  97.    Table 1-2 represents traditional subnetting of a Class C network    address (which is identical to extended Class B subnets). 
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  99. Subnet Mask     # of nets    Net. Addr.  Host Addr Range  Brodcast Addr. Bits of Subnet  hosts/subnet 
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  101. 255.255.255.128 2 nets       N.N.N.0     N.N.N.1-126      N.N.N.127 1 bit Class C   126          N.N.N.128   N.N.N.129-254    N.N.N.255 9 bit Class B 
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  105. 255.255.255.192 4 nets       N.N.N.0     N.N.N.1-62       N.N.N.63 2 bit Class C   62           N.N.N.64    N.N.N.65-126     N.N.N.127 10 bit Class B               N.N.N.128   N.N.N.129-190    N.N.N.191                              N.N.N.192   N.N.N.193-254    N.N.N.255 
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  107. 255.255.255.224 8 nets       N.N.N.0     N.N.N.1-30       N.N.N.31 3 bit Class C   30           N.N.N.32    N.N.N.33-62      N.N.N.63 11 bit Class B               N.N.N.64    N.N.N.65-94      N.N.N.95                              N.N.N.96    N.N.N.97-126     N.N.N.127                              N.N.N.128   N.N.N.129-158    N.N.N.159                              N.N.N.160   N.N.N.161-190    N.N.N.191                              N.N.N.192   N.N.N.193-222    N.N.N.223                              N.N.N.224   N.N.N.225-254    N.N.N.255 
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  109. 255.255.255.240 16 nets      N.N.N.0     N.N.N.1-14       N.N.N.15 4 bit Class C   14           N.N.N.16    N.N.N.17-30      N.N.N.31 12 bit Class B               N.N.N.32    N.N.N.33-46      N.N.N.47                              N.N.N.48    N.N.N.49-62      N.N.N.63                              N.N.N.64    N.N.N.65-78      N.N.N.79                              N.N.N.80    N.N.N.81-94      N.N.N.95                              N.N.N.96    N.N.N.97-110     N.N.N.111                              N.N.N.112   N.N.N.113-126    N.N.N.127                              N.N.N.128   N.N.N.129-142    N.N.N.143                              N.N.N.144   N.N.N.145-158    N.N.N.159                              N.N.N.160   N.N.N.161-174    N.N.N.175                              N.N.N.176   N.N.N.177-190    N.N.N.191                              N.N.N.192   N.N.N.193-206    N.N.N.207 
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  112.  
  113. Pummill & Manning            Informational                      [Page 5] 
  114.  RFC 1878                      Subnet Table                 December 1995 
  115.  
  116.                               N.N.N.208   N.N.N.209-222    N.N.N.223                              N.N.N.224   N.N.N.225-238    N.N.N.239                              N.N.N.240   N.N.N.241-254    N.N.N.255 
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  118.  255.255.255.248 32 nets      N.N.N.0     N.N.N.1-6        N.N.N.7 5 bit Class C   6            N.N.N.8     N.N.N.9-14       N.N.N.15 13 bit Class B               N.N.N.16    N.N.N.17-22      N.N.N.23                              N.N.N.24    N.N.N.25-30      N.N.N.31                              N.N.N.32    N.N.N.33-38      N.N.N.39                              N.N.N.40    N.N.N.41-46      N.N.N.47                              N.N.N.48    N.N.N.49-54      N.N.N.55                              N.N.N.56    N.N.N.57-62      N.N.N.63                              N.N.N.64    N.N.N.65-70      N.N.N.71                              N.N.N.72    N.N.N.73-78      N.N.N.79                              N.N.N.80    N.N.N.81-86      N.N.N.87                              N.N.N.88    N.N.N.89-94      N.N.N.95                              N.N.N.96    N.N.N.97-102     N.N.N.103                              N.N.N.104   N.N.N.105-110    N.N.N.111                              N.N.N.112   N.N.N.113-118    N.N.N.119                              N.N.N.120   N.N.N.121-126    N.N.N.127                              N.N.N.128   N.N.N.129-134    N.N.N.135                              N.N.N.136   N.N.N.137-142    N.N.N.143                              N.N.N.144   N.N.N.145-150    N.N.N.151                              N.N.N.152   N.N.N.153-158    N.N.N.159                              N.N.N.160   N.N.N.161-166    N.N.N.167                              N.N.N.168   N.N.N.169-174    N.N.N.175                              N.N.N.176   N.N.N.177-182    N.N.N.183                              N.N.N.184   N.N.N.185-190    N.N.N.191                              N.N.N.192   N.N.N.193-198    N.N.N.199                              N.N.N.200   N.N.N.201-206    N.N.N.207                              N.N.N.208   N.N.N.209-214    N.N.N.215                              N.N.N.216   N.N.N.217-222    N.N.N.223                              N.N.N.224   N.N.N.225-230    N.N.N.231                              N.N.N.232   N.N.N.233-238    N.N.N.239                              N.N.N.240   N.N.N.241-246    N.N.N.247                              N.N.N.248   N.N.N.249-254    N.N.N.255 
  119.  
  120. 255.255.255.252 64 nets      N.N.N.0     N.N.N.1-2        N.N.N.3 6 bit Class C   2            N.N.N.4     N.N.N.5-6        N.N.N.7 14 bit Class B               N.N.N.8     N.N.N.9-10       N.N.N.11                              N.N.N.244   N.N.N.245-246    N.N.N.247                              N.N.N.248   N.N.N.249-250    N.N.N.251                              N.N.N.252   N.N.N.253-254    N.N.N.255 
  121.  
  122.  
  123.  
  124.  
  125.  
  126.  
  127.  
  128. Pummill & Manning            Informational                      [Page 6] 
  129.  RFC 1878                      Subnet Table                 December 1995 
  130.  
  131.     For the sake of completeness within this memo, tables 2-1 and 2-2    illistrate some options for subnet/host partions within selected    block sizes using calculations which exclude all-zeros and all-ones    subnets [2].  Many vendors only support subnetting based upon this    premise.  This practice is obsolete!  Modern software will be able to    utilize all definable networks. 
  132.  
  133. Table 2-1 from a /16 block # bits          Mask            Effective Subnets       Effective Hosts ========        =====           =================       =============== 2               255.255.192.0   2                       16382 3               255.255.224.0   6                       8190 4               255.255.240.0   14                      4094 5               255.255.248.0   30                      2046 6               255.255.252.0   62                      1022 7               255.255.254.0   126                     510 8               255.255.255.0   254                     254 9               255.255.255.128 510                     126 10              255.255.255.192 1022                    62 11              255.255.255.224 2046                    30 12              255.255.255.240 4094                    14 13              255.255.255.248 8190                    6 14              255.255.255.252 16382                   2 
  134.  
  135. Table 2-2 from a /24 block # bits          Mask            Effective Subnets       Effective Hosts ========        =====           =================       =============== 2               255.255.255.192 2                       62 3               255.255.255.224 6                       30 4               255.255.255.240 14                      14 5               255.255.255.248 30                      6 6               255.255.255.252 62                      2 
  136.  
  137. *Subnet all zeroes and all ones excluded. (Obsolete) *Host all zeroes and all ones excluded.   (Obsolete) 
  138.  
  139.  
  140.  
  141.  
  142.  
  143.  
  144.  
  145.  
  146.  
  147.  
  148.  
  149.  
  150.  
  151.  
  152.  
  153.  Pummill & Manning            Informational                      [Page 7] 
  154.  RFC 1878                      Subnet Table                 December 1995 
  155.  
  156.  References 
  157.  
  158.    [1] Mogul J., "BROADCASTING INTERNET DATAGRAMS IN THE PRESENCE OF        SUBNETS", STD 5, RFC 922, Stanford University, October 1984. 
  159.  
  160.    [2] Braden R., Editor, "Requirements for Internet Hosts --        Application and Support", STD 3, RFC 1123, IETF, October 1989. 
  161.  
  162.    [3] Fuller V., Li T., Yu J., and K. Varadhan, "Classless Inter-        Domain Routing (CIDR): an Address Assignment and Aggregation        Strategy", RFC 1519, BARRNet, cicso, Merit, OARnet, September        1993. 
  163.  
  164.    [4] Baker F., "Requirements for IP Version 4 Routers", RFC 1812,        cisco Systems, June 1995. 
  165.  
  166.    [5] Mogul J., and J. Postel, "Internet Standard Subnetting        Procedure", STD 5, RFC 950, Stanford, USC/Information Sciences        Institute, August 1985. 
  167.  
  168. Security Considerations 
  169.  
  170.    Security issues are not discussed in this memo. 
  171.  
  172. Authors' Addresses 
  173.  
  174.    Troy T. Pummill    Alantec    2115 O'Nel Drive    San Jose, CA  95131    USA 
  175.  
  176.    Phone: +1 408.467.4871    Fax:   +1 408.441.0272    EMail: trop@alantec.com 
  177.  
  178.     Bill Manning    Information Sciences Institute    University of Southern California    4676 Admiralty Way    Marina del Rey, CA 90292-6695    USA 
  179.  
  180.    Phone: +1 310-822-1511 x387    Fax:   +1 310-823-6714    EMail: bmanning@isi.edu 
  181.  
  182.  
  183.  
  184.  Pummill & Manning            Informational                      [Page 8] 
  185.  
  186.