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- YOU BUILD-IT SURGE PROTECTORS
-
- FOR 117 VOLT HOUSE CURRENT AND YOUR MODEM
- ==============
-
- Surge protectors are not really that mysterious and are easily constructed at
- home. There are many ways to protect a line from power surges, but the style
- that I'll deal with here is the quickest acting form available (also the least
- expensive). This form won't protect your system, however, from direct lightning
- strikes, but can be used in conjunction with the heavier (slower) type that is
- capable of handling that type of load (i.e., a direct lightning strike to your
- house line).
-
- Metal-Oxide Varistors (MOV for short) can absorb the excess (or high surge)
- voltages above the starting point designed for the particular MOV (130v for most
- of our applications) up to about 50,000 volts (again depending upon design.
- This information is available from the manufacturers' spec. sheets).
-
- A MOV is a variable resistor that does nothing until line voltage (where it's
- attached) exceeds it's specified threshold. At this time, the MOV then absorbs
- any voltage greater than the starting point for that particular MOV (the voltage
- differences are detected between the two lines on your system). Enough of this
- quasi-technical stuff. I'll just get into how to build your own surge
- protectors.
-
- There are several designs for using MOV's. The one that works best will be
- described here. This design allows for total benefit of the MOV's. For each
- surge protector you wish to construct, you'll need three (3) MOV's. You'll also
- need some type of multiple outlet device that has enough room inside of it to
- allow installation of these three MOV's. And you'll also need to be able to
- solder these electronic devices (it's really not that difficult).
-
- Each MOV has two (2) leads extending from it and are soldered to two of the
- three AC power lines inside your multiple outlet (see diagram).
-
-
- O __________________________
- / \ [ ]
- / \ [ O = MOV ]
- |/ | \| [ ]
- | | | [ / or \ = leads ]
- | O | | [ ]
- |/ \| | [ | = AC lines]
- | | O | [__________________________]
- | |/ \|
- HOT --------------> | | |
- NEUTRAL --------------> | |
- GROUND -------------------> |
-
- I should explain the reason for using three (3) MOV's. A MOV detects voltage
- changes between the two lines (hot & neutral). So, if you only use one MOV, and
- both lines get zapped with the same surge of equal voltage, there is no differ-
- ence detected between the lines (therefore, IT DON'T WORK!!!). So, if you use
- three (3) MOV's, as shown in the diagram, the difference will be detected.
-
- After soldering, check your work for shorts, reassemble the multiple outlet,
- and check AGAIN for shorts.
-
- Before leaving you may be wondering, "How much each MOV will set you back?".
- These devices are very inexpensive, generally anywhere from $ 1.50 to $ 5.00 ea.
-
- I would also like to say that due to my inability to control your parts purchase
- AND your ability to solder components, I assume NO LIABILITY for the information
- contained in this article. I do personally use the construction as described,
- but non-the-less!
-
- Chemical Kidd
- Houston, Tx.
-
-
-
- *****************************************************************************
- One for the Phone
- *****************************************************************************
-
- To build a protector for a phone line is basically the same as building one for
- your AC line. The biggest difference is the maximum voltage the MOV should
- begin to activate,. i.e., the AC line voltage is about 120 VAC & the MOV swings
- in at 130 VAC. For the phone lines the MOV should swing in about 7-8 VDC.
-
- The diagram for the protection of all 4 wires entering the modem is as follows:
-
-
- O
- O / \
- / \ / \ ___________________________
- NO connection here -----> / / \ [ ]
- between the two MOV's ( ( \ | [ O = MOV ]
- (see below) | | \| | [ ]
- | | | | [ / or \ = MOV leads ]
- | O | | O | [ ]
- |/ \| |/ \| [ | = PHONE lines]
- | | O | | [___________________________]
- | |/ \| |
- RED --------------> | | | |
- GREEN ----------------> | | |
- YELLOW -------------------> | |
- BLACK ------------------------> |
-
- _O_
- / \
- / \
- ( )
- | | | |
- to further clarify ---> |-O-|-O-|-O-|
- the connections | | | |
- ( )
- \ /
- \_ _/
- O
-
-
- Judging from the size of the $19.95 phone surge protectors, the diagram being
- used is as follows:
- ___________________________
- [ ]
- [ O = MOV ]
- | | [ ]
- | | [ / or \ = MOV leads ]
- | O | [ ]
- |/ \| [ | = PHONE lines]
- | | [___________________________]
- | |
- RED --------------> | |
- GREEN ----------------> |
-
-
- As stated in the previous section, this last diagram works fine of only one (1)
- line gets the surge. But, if both lines get zapped, you can forget it ever
- working. Red and Green wires are your carrier lines but, with today's new rules
- on do-it-yourself installations, double-check to be sure.
-
- The case for using five (5) MOV's runs somewhere in the neighborhood of $5-7.
- The cases are available from various hardware sources & electronic supply firms.
-
- AND, once again due to my inability to control the construction of, choice of
- materials,....etc. , etc., etc., I can assume NO responsibility for the previous
- information nor its use.
-
- Thank you,
- Chemical Kidd
- Houston, Tx