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FAFF V2.0 (Last editted June 15, 1991)
The following is a description of the file format used by Professional
Calc V1.0, and Advantage (V1.1 and greater). This file format is also
supported by Office. The Advantage and Office Calc formats are subsets
of the Professional Calc format. Note that this description does not
carry any kind of warranty, and that the technical support group of
Gold Disk will not answer any questions about it (mainly because they
are not aquainted with the file format specifications). The
specification can change at any time without prior notification;
however, we will make sure that we do not obsolete previous FAFF
readers and writers (which include our own). Gold Disk is placing this
information into the public domain to help third party developpers or
users who wish to read or write ProCalc files into their own
applications.
Structure
The concepts behind the structure of FAFF (Fast Advantage File Format) are
similiar to those used by Lotus 123 and IFF. The file format is broken
into chunks. Each chunk has a one BYTE header number, which describes
what kind of chunk it is. Next comes the length bits (which are two
BYTEs long), followed by the data. NOTE: the length bits specify the
length of the data area only. So one might say that the actual length of
a chunk is the value stored in the two length bits, plus three (size of
header and the length bits).
The structure of FAFF allows the file format to be expanded without
obsoleting previous files. It also makes it easier for third parties to
look at the file format; they only have to save and load information that
is relevant to their application. What follows is a description of the
chunks currently used by FAFF. NOTE: the chunks defined are the ONLY
legal chunks. People who add in their own chunks may have their files
break under future versions of the official Gold Disk FAFF reader program.
However, people may submit new chunk definitions to Gold Disk at an
address listed at the end of the document, and a chunk number will be
supplied to them.
When there is a descrepancy between this document, and the actual file
format generated by The ProCalc, the latter is to be considered correct.
Changes in this document:
V1.0 : Initial release
V1.1 :
LinkDisk spreadsheet function number listed.
V1.0 of this document incorrectly listed the bits in the Cell Data
section. Corrected in this version.
V2.0 :
Covers new additions to the format in Professional Calc:
Pallete Chunk
Column Width Chunk
Row Height Chunk
New Spreadsheet function numbers listed
- @() and RexxFun.
New Bits in the Data area of a cell listed
Password chunk
Default Row and Column format chunk
Version Chunk
Style Tag Chunks
Outline chunks
Extended Cell chunks
Blank Cell Information
Miscelaneous typos fixed, and better descriptions added.
Important Notes:
All data is stored using 680x0 ordering of the bytes. An FAFF reader
for IBM class machines would have to swap the the ordering of the
bytes on words. On long words, they would have to swap the ordering
of bytes in each of the words, then swap the two words.
ProCalc (as well as Office and Advantage) store spreadsheet cells in
a sparse matrix. This means that only cells which contain data are
kept in memory and on disk. This means that entire rows and columns
could be empty; these empty cells are not stored on disk in any way.
Rows and Columns are stored starting from 1; ie Column A is
represented as 1, B as 2, etc.
All formulas in ProCalc are stored in a tockenize Reverse Polish
Notation (RPN) format. This format is described later on in the
document.
Chunk Descriptions
- End Of File
Header: 0
Length: 0
Description: Signals the end of information of a FAFF file. MUST be at
the end of the file.
- Begin Of File
Header: 1
Length: 4
Description : This chunk is used to identify this file as truly being a
FAFF file. The data part consists of the magic number 681281268 (in
unsigned long integer format). MUST be the first chunk.
- Dimensions
Header: 2
Length: 8
Description :
Bytes 0-1 : Maximum number of rows of the spreadsheet matrix. Must be
greater than 0.
Bytes 2-3 : Maximum number of columns of the spreadsheet matrix. Must be
greater than 0.
Bytes 4-5 : Higest row that contains spreadsheet data.
Bytes 5-7 : Highest column that contains spreadsheet data.
- Column Widths (Only used by Office Calc, Graph and Advantage)
Header: 4
Length: 3
Description: Bytes 0-1 are the column number. Byte 2 is the actual width
of the column. The only column widths that need to be stored are those
that are different from 9. This is the column width in characters
(topaz 8 characters to be specific). This chunk is only found in 1.x
files of Advantage, and in Office Calc and Office Graph.
- Named Cell
Header: 8
Length: 20
Description:
Bytes 0-1: Row of the named cell.
Bytes 2-3: Column of the named cell.
Bytes 4-19: NULL terminated string which is the "Name" of this cell.
- Named Range
Header: 9
Length: 24
Description:
Bytes 0-1: Row 1 of the named range.
Bytes 2-3: Column 1 of the named range.
Bytes 4-5: Row 2 of the named range.
Bytes 6-7: Column 2 of the named range.
Bytes 8-23: NULL terminated string which is the "Name" of this range.
- User Defined Formula
Header: 10
Length: Variable
Description:
Bytes 0-15: Null terminated string which is the name of the formula.
Bytes 16- : RPN Stack Structure (described later on).
- Version Number (Only used by ProCalc)
Header: 15
Length: 2
Description: Bytes 0-1 is the version number of the file format. If
the file is a ProCalc V1.0 file (or above) than the version should
be set to 4. If the file is intended for previous versions of The
Advantage, then omit the chunk all together. This chunk is only used
by ProCalc 1.0 and above.
- Default formats for a Row or Column (Only used by ProCalc)
Header: 16 (for a column)
17 (for a row)
Length: 38
Description: ProCalc can set up default formats for a row or a column;
this way, the user can pre-format entire rows or columns.
Byte 0 : row or column number
Bytes 1-27 : Name of the font
Bytes 28-29 : Y Size of the font
Bytes 30-33 : Cell flags (described later)
Bytes 34-35 : New Cell flags (described later)
Byte 36 : Color number
Byte 37 : Style Tag number
- 16 color pallete
Header: 21 (Office Calc, Graph and Advantage use a header of 20)
Length: 96
Description: Bytes 0-5 are the RGB values of color 0 in the pallete.
Bytes 6-11 are the RGB values of color 1 in the pallete.
etc.
2 Bytes for each color value.
NOTE: Previous versions of the FAFF used a header of
20 for the pallete. However, ProCalc has
a different pallete, and depends on certain colors
being there. So I, in my infinite wisdom, decided
to obsolete the previous pallete definition so old
spreadsheets wouldn't mess up the colors.
- 256 color pallete (currently ignored)
Header: 22
Length: 1536
Description: Bytes 0-5 are the RGB values of color 0 in the pallete.
Bytes 6-11 are the RGB values of color 1 in the pallete.
etc.
- Column Width (Only used by ProCalc)
Header: 25
Length: 5
Description: Bytes 0-1 are the column number. Bytes 2-3 are the actual
width of the column in pixels. The only column widths that need to be
stored are those that are different from 72. The last byte are the
flags for this column. (Those flags will be listed at the end of this
document). This chunk is only used by ProCalc V1.0 and above.
- Row Heights (Only used by ProCalc)
Header: 26
Length: 6
Description: Bytes 0-1 : RowNumber
2-3 : Width
4 : Row flags (same as the column flags)
5 : The size of the largest font descender in the
row.
- Global Window Information
Header: 30
Length: 14
Description:
Bytes 0-1: Number of frozen row (if any)
Bytes 2-3: Number of frozen col (if any)
Bytes 4-7: Unused, but reserved. (can be set to zero)
Bytes 8-9: Jump: After return key is hit number of cells to jump.
Bytes 10-11: Bitset of window information. Defined later on in document.
Byte 12: Boolean value. If 1, then a row is frozen. If 0, then no row
is frozen.
Byte 13: Boolean value. If 1, then a column is frozen. If 0, then no
column is frozen.
- Database, and Iterations.
Header: 35
Length: 18
Description:
Bytes 0-1: Number of spreadsheet iterations.
Bytes 2-9: Criteria Range
Bytes 10-17 : Database Range
- Graph information
Header: 40-49
Length: Not applicable.
Description: Chunks 40-49 store graphing information for ProCalc.
However, at this time, we are not going to be releasing the description
of the graphing chunk to the public. At some future point we may, but
not right now.
- Macro File Information
Header: 50
Length: 201
Description: The full path name of a macro file to be auto-loaded.
Only one macro file can be auto loaded per spreadsheet.
- Macro Auto Execute
Header: 51
Length: 19
Description: The name of a macro to auto-execute when the spreadsheet
finishes loading. Only one macro can be auto-executed per spreadsheet,
although ProCalc does allow one macro to call another. NOTE: If
there is no pre-loaded macro file, then an error will be generated.
- ARexx Auto Execute
Header: 52
Length: 401
Description: The full path name of an ARexx file to auto-execute after
the spreadsheet finishes loading. May include command line parameters
to the ARexx script. The ARexx script will execute AFTER any macro files
are loaded and executed; ARexx can then be guaranteed to have some macros
in memory if necessary.
- Style Tag Chunk (Only used by ProCalc)
Header: 60
Length: Variable
Description: This chunk stores the style tags.
The first section of this chunk stores a null terminated string of
variable length which is the name of the font for this style tag. The
next two bytes store the size of the font. The next bytes are as
follows:
Bytes 0-15 : The name of the StyleTag
Byte 16 : The ID of the styletag (note, there can be up to 255 unique
style tags in a ProCalc file).
Byte 17 : The Color of the style tag
Bytes 18-21: The Cell BitSet (described later on in the document)
Bytes 22-23: The New Cell BitSet (described later on in the document)
- Outline Chunk (Only used by ProCalc)
Header: 65
Length: 8
Description: Stores the information for an outline.
Bytes 0-1: The first row or column of the outline.
Bytes 2-3: The last row or column of the outline.
Bytes 3-4: The visible row or column from the outline
Byte 5 : If set to 1, then this is a row oriented outline. If set to
0, a column oriented outline.
Byte 6 : If set to 1, then this outline is on (ie the data is hidden).
If set to 0, then the outline is off.
- Password (Only used by ProCalc)
Header: 80
Length: Variable
Description: This chunk store the password (if any) that the user would
need to enter on reading a file. The password itself is encrypted;
however, to read the spreadsheet, just skip this chunk. The rest of the
spreadsheet is not encrypted.
- Label Cell information.
Header: 100
Length: Variable
Description: Place where a cell containing only text is stored.
Bytes 0-1: Row of cell.
Bytes 2-3: Column of cell.
Bytes 4-7: Cell Bitset (described later)
Byte 8: Color of cell
Cell Note : StringPointer type (described later). Cell note text of the
cell.
Display : StringPointer type. Actual text of the cell.
- Blank Cell information (Only used by ProCalc)
Header: 105
Length: Variable
Description: Stores cells that only contain formatting information (such
as when the user selects a blank range, sets the format of that range
to times, then expects any cell entries in that range to be times)
Bytes 0-1: Row of cell.
Bytes 2-3: Column of cell.
Bytes 4-7: Cell Bitset (described later)
Byte 8: Color of cell
Byte 9: Actual length of Display area.
Byte 10: Error value of cell.
Byte 11: Reserved.
CellNote : StringPointer type.
- Number Cell information.
Header: 110
Length: Variable
Description: Place where a cell containing only a number is stored.
Bytes 0-1: Row of cell.
Bytes 2-3: Column of cell.
Bytes 4-7: Cell Bitset (described later)
Byte 8: Color of cell
Byte 9: Actual length of Display area.
Byte 10: Error value of cell.
Byte 11: Reserved.
Byte 12-19: IEEE number.
CellNote : StringPointer type.
Display : StringPointer type. Displayed Text. (Can be set to NULL)
- Formula Cell information.
Header: 120
Length: Variable
Description: Place where a formula cell is stored.
Bytes 0-1: Row of cell.
Bytes 2-3: Column of cell.
Bytes 4-7: Cell Bitset (described later)
Byte 8: Color of cell
Byte 9: Actual length of Display area in characters.
Byte 10: Error value of cell.
Byte 11: Reserved.
Byte 12-19: IEEE number.
CellNote : StringPointer type.
Display : StringPointer type. Displayed Text. (Can be set to NULL)
Formula : RPN Stack.
- Extended Cell information. (Only used by ProCalc)
Header: 125
Length: Variable
Description: New information was added to ProCalc's cell structure since
Advantage 1.x. However, instead of obsoleting the previous FAFF cell
structures, the new information is stored in a separate chunk. This
chunk should come IMMEDIATELY after the chunk that describes the cell.
The first section of the chunk holds a NULL terminated string which is
the font name of this cell. The next two bytes hold the size of the font.
The next bytes are as follows:
Bytes 0-1: The new cell bitset (to be described later)
Bytes 2 : The style number of this cell.
Minimum File:
The smallest FAFF file will contain a Begin of File and an End of file
chunk. The rest will be assumed to be the data from an "Untitled"
ProCalc spreadsheet.
Description of FAFF Data Types.
- Range
Length : 4 Bytes
Description: Bytes 0-1: row1 of the range
Bytes 2-3: column1
Bytes 4-5: row2
Bytes 6-7: column2
- String Pointer
Length : Variable
Description: This is a pseudo variable length NULL terminated string.
The first BYTE is the length of the remaining data portion of the string.
If the first BYTE is 0, then the String Pointer is assumed to be a NULL
Pointer. NOTE: This implies that strings have a maximum length of 255
characters.
- RPN Stack
Length : Variable
Description: ProCalc internally stores all its formulas in Reverse
Polish Notation. Here is a description of the RPN stack:
The first two bytes of an RPN stack store the size of the data following
the first two bytes (so the total size of the stack is the value from the
first two bytes + 2). Subsequent data has a one byte header, followed by
the data for that particular header.
End of RPN stack
Header: 0
Length: 0
Description: End of RPN formula.
IEEE Number
Header: 1
Length: Variable.
Description: There are three sections. First is a byte, next section is
an IEEE double precision real, third is a string which is the ASCII
representation of the IEEE. The first byte denotes the length of the
string (NOT including the size of the IEEE real)
Cell
Header: 2
Length: 4
Description: Bytes 0-1: the row of the cell
Bytes 2-3: the column of the cell
Range
Header: 3
Length: 8
Description: Bytes 0-1: row1 of the range
Bytes 2-3: column1 of the cell
Bytes 4-5: row2 of the range
Bytes 6-7: column2 of the cell
String
Header: 4
Length: Variable
Description: Same format as the String Pointer.
Operator
Header: 5
Length: 2
Description: First BYTE is the operator number.
Second BYTE is the number of parameters for the operator.
NOTE: The second BYTE is only defined if the function accepts a variable
number of parameters (which ProCalc manual describes as a List).
List of formulas and their operator numbers will be given later.
User Cell
Header: 6
Length: Variable
Description: String Pointer. Stores the name of a user defined cell.
User Range
Header: 7
Length: Variable
Description: String Pointer. Stores the name of a user defined range.
User Formula
Header: 8
Length: Variable
Description: String Pointer. Stores the name of a user defined formula.
Formula Numbers:
sin = 1
cos = 2
tan = 3
sinh = 4
cosh = 5
tanh = 6
acos = 7
asin = 8
atan = 9
asinh = 10
acosh = 11
atanh = 12
abs = 13
sign = 14
int = 15
sqrt = 16
log = 17
ln = 18
exp = 19
degtorad = 20
radtodeg = 21
fac = 22
fib = 23
not = 24
row = 25
col = 26
weekday = 27
monthday = 28
month = 29
year = 30
daverage = 31
dcount = 32
dmax = 33
dmin = 34
dstdev = 35
dsum = 36
dvar = 37
rand = 38
e = 39
pi = 40
true = 41
false = 42
hour = 43
now = 44
sec = 45
minutes = 46
today = 47
mod = 48
round = 49
loga = 50
pow = 51
cell = 52
pmt = 53
nper = 54
pv = 55
fv = 56
if = 57
date = 58
time = 59
style = 60
color = 61
range = 62
rate = 63
fvv = 64
npv = 65
irr = 66
hlook = 67
vlook = 68
index = 69
and = 70
or = 71
sum = 72
avg = 73
max = 74
min = 75
count = 76
std = 77
var = 78
xor = 79
choose = 80
iser = 81
isnv = 82
type = 83
lcell = 84
lrange = 85
setcolor = 86
setstyle = 87
sayif = 88
printif = 89
times = 90
pluse = 91
openparen = 92
minus = 93
unary minus = 94
divide = 95
greater = 96
greater or equal = 97
equal = 98
less = 99
less or equal = 100
not equal = 101
power operator = 102
err = 103
na = 104
string = 105
cterm = 106
lrate = 107
sln = 108
term = 109
ddb = 110
syd = 111
isna = 112
isnumber = 113
isstring = 114
n = 115
lcols = 116
lrows = 117
s = 118
clean = 119
code = 120
datevalue = 121
length = 122
lower = 123
upper = 124
proper = 125
timevalue = 126
trim = 127
value = 128
exact = 129
left = 130
repeat = 131
right = 132
find = 133
mid = 134
replace = 135
charf = 136
lhour = 137
lminute = 138
lsecond = 139
linkdisk = 140;
getcell = 141; (* The @() operatore *)
rexxfun = 142;
- Cell Bitset Data (These are the proper values; v1.0 of this document was wrong)
Bit 0 : Show number in General format
Bit 1 : Scientific
Bit 2 : Percent
Bit 3 : Currency
Bit 4 : Date
Bit 5 : Time
Bit 6 : Boolean
Bit 7 : Commas
Bit 8 : If Fixed Decimals, then set.
Bit 9 : Left Aligned
Bit 10 : Right Aligned
Bit 11 : Centered
Bit 12 : Underlined
Bit 13 : Bold
Bit 14 : Italic
Bit 15 : Set if a formula cell that returns a string.
Bit 16 : Cell Protected (currently unused)
Bit 17 : Set if a value cell, or a formula with no errors.
Bit 18 : Set if a formula with no errors
Bit 19 : Set if cell formula does not reference any cells with greater or
equal row values.
Bit 20 : Set if cell formula does not reference any cells with greater or
equal column values.
NOTE: Bit 19 or 20 are cleared if the formula accesses any of the following
functions: cell, range, rand, daverage, dcount, dmax, dmin, dstdev,
dsum, dvar, hour, today, now, sec, minutes, today, lcell,
lrange.
Bit 21 : Set if this is a criteria cell
Bit 22 : Set if an ARexx script is attached (path stored in the cell
note)
Bit 23 : Set if a Transcript extended cell note is attached (path stored
in the cell note)
Bit 24 : Uses Default format (currently unused)
Bit 25 : Set if Negative number uses ()
Bit 26 : reserved for internal use
Bit 27 : If a number, or a formula, and the display variable needs to
be updated (to be on the safe side, set it).
Bits 28-31: Store the number of decimal places after the decimal to
calculate to. If Bit 28 set, add 8. If Bit 29 set, add 1.
If Bit 30 set, add 2. If Bit 31 set, add 4.
- New Cell Bitset Data
Bits 0-15 are currently reserved for future use.
- Header ByteSet Data
Bit 0 : Set if this row/column is to be hidden.
Bit 1 : Set if a row is to have a bold header (Currently, the only use
of this is if the row is a control point for an outline).
Bit 2 : Set if a column is to have an italic header (Currently, the only
use of this is if the column is a control point for an outline)
Bit 3 : Set if this is the control point for an outline.
Bits 4-7 are reserved for future use.
- Window Data
Bit 0 : Set if to recalculate by rows, else by columns
Bit 1 : Set if to recalculate manually, else automatically.
Bit 2 : Set if to show the results of formulas, otherwise, displays
the formulas.
Bit 3 : Set if to use a hollow cell cursor, otherwise filled.
Bit 4 : To display a grid, set
Bit 5 : If Work Bench is to remain open.
Bit 6 : If set, then use narrator device to repeat what user types in.
Bit 7 : Set if want to allow ARexx commands.
Bit 8 : Cursor jumps up on return
Bit 9 : Cursor jumps down on return
Bit 10 : Cursor jumps left on return
Bit 11 : Cursor jumps right on return
Bit 12 : Set if don't want the "Do you REALLY want to do that"
requesters.
Bit 13 : Set if Control Panel is to be displayed.
Bit 14 : Reserved
Bit 15 : Reserved
FAFF Conventions
- rows/cols
The first row and column in a matrix is 1, NOT zero. So, the cell A1
would be referenced as 1,1; B7 as 7,2.
- IEEE
Numbers in cells are stored in IEEE double precision format. Get a book
on the 68881 or 68882 if you want to see the format of this beast.
- Rules
Chunks that have a fixed length MUST be of that size. Anything else is
considered INVALID.
ALL information in chunks must be present, otherwise the FAFF reader will
certainly barf. If you can't fill in ALL the data of a chunk, then don't
write that chunk.
Any unauthorized additions to FAFF is considered INVALID. Micro Systems
Software decided that Analyze! would create its own formula numbers for
functions that Analyze! supports, but 123 realease 1a did not. As a
result their file format can generate giberish when loaded in 123 vesion
2.0 and above. The only information supported by the official Gold Disk
FAFF reader is listed here. If a developper wishes to add his/her own
chunk, then they should write to
Michal Todorovic
RE FAFF
co Gold Disk
PO BOX 789
Streetsville, Mississauga
Ontario, Canada L5M-2C2
requesting an official chunk addition. A complete description of the
data in the chunk must be provided, along with a reason why this chunk
should be officially supported. We do this only to make sure that every
FAFF reader and writer are compatible. No chunk definition will be
unreasonably refused. This document will be updated periodically as new
chunks are added to the FAFF standard, or as errors are found and
corrected.
I hope that this information will help you understand the FAFF file
format.
Michal Todorovic
Author of The Advantage,
Office Calc, Offic Graph
and Professional Calc.