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- From: leech@cs.unc.edu (Jon Leech)
- Newsgroups: sci.space.tech,sci.space.science,sci.astro,sci.answers,news.answers
- Subject: Space FAQ 01/13 - Introduction
- Supersedes: <intro_823659517@cs.unc.edu>
- Followup-To: poster
- Date: 17 Sep 1996 15:49:26 -0400
- Organization: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
- Lines: 372
- Approved: sci-space-tech@isu.isunet.edu, news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
- Distribution: world
- Expires: 22 Oct 1996 19:49:24 GMT
- Message-ID: <intro_842989764@cs.unc.edu>
- References: <diffs_842989660@cs.unc.edu>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: watt.cs.unc.edu
- Keywords: Frequently Asked Questions
- Xref: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu sci.space.tech:21677 sci.space.science:10302 sci.astro:142187 sci.answers:5090 news.answers:82219
-
- Archive-name: space/intro
- Last-modified: $Date: 96/09/17 15:40:26 $
-
- Compilation copyright (c) 1994, 1995, 1996 by Jonathan P. Leech. This
- document may be redistributed in its complete and unmodified form. Other
- use requires written permission of the author.
-
- FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ON SCI.SPACE.*/SCI.ASTRO
-
- INTRODUCTION
-
- This is the long FAQ for the sci.space hierarchy. It will soon be split
- across the newly created sci.space.{tech,science,policy} groups, but for
- now, it's being posted to all of them. The sci.space.tech moderator posts a
- more frequent short FAQ with concise answers; this is the place to go for
- more detail and references.
-
- If you have corrections or answers to other frequently asked questions
- that you would like included in this posting, send email to leech@cs.unc.edu
- (Jon Leech).
-
- If you don't want to see the FAQ, add 'Frequently Asked Questions' to
- your KILL file for this group (if you're not reading this with a newsreader
- that can kill articles by subject, you're out of luck).
-
- The current hypertext version of the FAQ is at
-
- http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/space/top.html
-
- The current FTP version is at
-
- ftp://ftp.cs.unc.edu/pub/users/leech/FAQ/
-
- Corrections and good summaries are welcome in place of the answers given
- here. The point of this is to circulate existing information, and avoid
- rehashing old answers. Better to build on top than start again. Nothing more
- depressing than rehashing old topics for the 100th time. References are
- provided because they give more complete information than any short
- generalization.
-
- Questions fall into three basic types:
-
- 1) Where do I find some general information about space?
-
- Try your local public library first - and try browsing the Web, starting
- with some of the many pages referred to in this FAQ. Enormous amounts of
- information are online, and there's more being added constantly. If you
- can't find an answer to your query after putting in some research time
- of your own, post a question - but make it clear that you've done your
- homework first. Usenet provides a forum for discussion, not a reference
- library.
-
- 2) I have an idea which would improve space flight?
-
- Hope you aren't surprised, but 9,999 out of 10,000 have usually been
- thought of before. Again, contact a direct individual source for
- evaluation. NASA fields thousands of these each day.
-
- 3) Miscellanous queries.
-
- These are addressed on a case-by-case basis in the following series of
- FAQ postings.
-
-
- SUGGESTIONS FOR BETTER NETIQUETTE
-
- Read news.announce.newusers if you're on Usenet.
- Minimize cross references, [Do you REALLY NEED to?]
- Edit "Subject:" lines, especially if you're taking a tangent.
- Send mail instead, avoid posting follow ups. (1 mail message worth
- 100 posts).
- Internet mail readers: send requests to add/drop to SPACE-REQUEST
- not SPACE.
- Read all available articles before posting a follow-up. (Check all
- references.)
- Cut down attributed articles (leave only the points you're
- responding to; remove signatures and headers). Summarize!
- Put a return address in the body (signature) of your message (mail
- or article), state your institution, etc. Don't assume the
- 'reply' function of mailers will work.
- Use absolute dates. Post in a timely way. Don't post what everyone
- will get on TV anyway.
- Some editors and window systems do character count line wrapping and
- some do not. Keep lines under 70 characters for those using ASCII
- terminals, to allow quoting of responses, and end lines with hard
- carriage returns.
-
-
- INDEX TO LINKED POSTINGS
-
- I've attempted to break the postings up into related areas. There isn't
- a keyword index yet; the following lists the major subject areas in each
- posting. Only those containing astronomy-related material are posted to
- sci.astro (indicated by '*' following the posting number).
-
- # Contents
-
- 1* Introduction
- (See "space/intro")
- Suggestions for better netiquette
- Index to linked postings
- Notes on addresses, phone numbers, etc.
- Contributors
-
- 2* Network resources
- (See "space/net")
- Overview
- Mailing lists
- Periodically updated information
- Warning about non-public networks
-
- 3* Online (and some offline) sources of images, data, etc.
- (See "space/data")
- Introduction
- Viewing Images
- Online Archives
- Center for Advanced Space Studies
- Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP)
- Infrared Processing & Analysis Center
- NASA Ames
- NASA Astrophysics Data System
- NASA Directory of WAIS Servers
- NASA Jet Propulsion Lab (Mission Information and Images)
- NASA Johnson Space Center (Manned Space Images)
- NASA Langley (Technical Reports)
- NASA Spacelink
- National Space Science Data Center
- Space Telescope Science Institute Electronic Info. Service
- Starcat
- Astronomical Databases
- Astronomy Programs
- Orbital Element Sets
- SPACE Digest Archives
- World-Wide-Web (WWW)
- GeoSphere Project (full Earth image)
- Landsat & NASA Photos
- Planetary Maps
- Solar System Tours
- Cometary / Minor Planet Orbital Data
-
- 4* Performing calculations and interpreting data formats
- (See "space/math")
- Constants and equations for calculations
- Computing spacecraft orbits and trajectories
- Computing planetary positions
- Computing crater diameters from Earth-impacting asteroids
- Map projections and spherical trignometry
- Performing N-body simulations efficiently
- Interpreting the FITS image format
- Sky (Unix ephemeris program)
- Nearby star/galaxy coordinates
-
- 5* References on specific areas
- (See "space/references")
- Publishers of space/astronomy material
- Careers in the space industry
- SL-9 Comet/Jupiter Impact
- DC-X single-stage to orbit (SSTO) program
- How to name a star after a person
- LLNL "great exploration"
- Lunar Prospector
- Lunar science and activities
- Mars Direct / Lunar Direct
- Orbiting Earth satellite histories
- Spacecraft models
- Rocket propulsion
- Spacecraft design
- Esoteric propulsion schemes (solar sails, lasers, fusion...)
- Spy satellites
- Space capsule locations
- Space shuttle computer systems
- SETI computation (signal processing)
- Amateur satellies & weather satellites
- Tides
- Astronomical Mnemonics
-
- 6 Contacting NASA, ESA, space agencies/companies, and individual
- astronauts
- (See "space/addresses")
- NASA Centers / Arianespace / CSA / CNES / DARA / ESA / ISAS /
- NASDA / NPO Energia / RSA / Soyuzkarta / Space Camp / Space
- Commerce Corporation / Spacehab / SPOT Image
- Other commercial space businesses
- Astronauts
-
- 7 Space shuttle answers, launch schedules, TV coverage
- (See "space/schedule")
- Shuttle launchings and landings; schedules and how to see them
- Why does the shuttle roll just after liftoff?
- How to receive the NASA TV channel, NASA SELECT
- Amateur radio frequencies for shuttle missions
- Solid Rocket Booster fuel composition
-
- 8 Planetary probes - Historical Missions
- (See "space/probe")
- US planetary missions
- Mariner (Venus, Mars, & Mercury flybys and orbiters)
- Pioneer (Moon, Sun, Venus, Jupiter, and Saturn flybys and orbiters)
- Ranger (Lunar lander and impact missions)
- Lunar Orbiter (Lunar surface photography)
- Surveyor (Lunar soft landers)
- Viking (Mars orbiters and landers)
- Voyager (Outer planet flybys)
- Soviet planetary missions
- Soviet Lunar probes
- Soviet Venus probes
- Soviet Mars probes
- European planetary missions
- Japanese planetary missions
- Planetary mission references
-
- 9 Upcoming planetary probes - missions and schedules
- (See "space/new_probes")
- ASCA
- Cassini
- Clementine
- Galileo
- Hiten
- Magellan
- Mars Observer
- TOPEX/Poseidon
- Ulysses
- Other space science missions
- Proposed missions
-
- 10 Controversial questions
- (See "space/controversy")
- Space shuttle mission costs
- What happened to the Saturn V plans
- Why data from space missions isn't immediately available
- Risks of nuclear (RTG) power sources for space probes
- Impact of the space shuttle on the ozone layer
- How long can a human live unprotected in space
- How the Challenger astronauts died
- Using the shuttle beyond Low Earth Orbit
- The "Face on Mars"
-
- 11 Space activist/interest/research groups and space publications
- (See "space/groups")
- Network Groups and Resources
- Groups
- Publications
- Undocumented Groups
-
- 12 How to become an astronaut
- (See "space/astronaut")
-
- 13 Orbital and Planetary Launch Services
- (See "space/launchers")
-
-
- NOTES ON ADDRESSES, PHONE NUMBERS, ETC.
-
- Unless otherwise specified, telephone numbers, addresses, and so on are
- for the United States of America. Non-US readers should remember to add
- the country code for telephone calls, etc.
-
-
- CREDITS
-
- Eugene Miya (then under the authority of the Computer Systems Division,
- NASA Ames Research Center) started a series of linked FAQ postings some
- years ago which inspired (and was largely absorbed into) this set.
-
- Peter Yee and Ron Baalke have and continue to spend a lot of their own
- time setting up the SPACE archives at NASA Ames and forwarding official
- NASA announcements.
-
- Many other people have contributed material to this list in the form of
- old postings to sci.space and sci.astro which I've edited. Please let me
- know if corrections need to be made. Major contributors I've managed to
- keep track of are:
-
- ad038@yfn.ysu.edu (Steven Fisk) - publication refs.
- akerman@bill.phy.queensu.CA (Richard Akerman) - crater diameters
- alweigel@athena.mit.edu (Lisa Weigel) - SEDS info
- aoab314@emx.utexas.edu (Srinivas Bettadpur) - tides
- awpaeth@watcgl.waterloo.edu (Alan Wm Paeth) - map projections
- baalke@kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov (Ron Baalke) - planetary probe schedules
- bankst@rata.vuw.ac.nz (Timothy Banks) - map projections,
- variable star analysis archive
- benhuset@skypoint.com (Ben Huset) - AAS info
- billa@znet.net (Bill Arnett) - solar system tour URLs
- bobbyweave@aol.com (Bobby Weaver) - commercial space resources
- periodic posting, miscellaneous info on space publishers,
- publications, and other refs.
- brosen@pioneer.arc.nasa.gov (Bernie Rosen) - Space Camp
- bruce_dunn@mindlink.bc.ca (Bruce Dunn) - propulsion refs.
- bschlesinger@nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov (Barry Schlesinger) - FITS format
- cew@venera.isi.edu (Craig E. Ward) - space group contact info
- chapin@cbnewsc.att.com (Tom Chapin) - planetary positions
- cunnida@tenet.edu (D. Alan Cunningham) - NASA Spacelink
- cyamamot@kilroy.Jpl.Nasa.Gov (Cliff Yamamoto) - orbital elements
- datri@convex.com (Anthony Datri) - PDS/VICAR viewing software
- daver@sjc.mentorg.com (Dave Rickel) - orbit formulae
- dlbres10@pc.usl.edu (Phil Fraering) - propulsion
- eder@hsvaic.boeing.com (Dani Eder) - Saturn V plans, SRBs
- eugene@nas.nasa.gov (Eugene N. Miya) - introduction,
- NASA contact info, started FAQ postings
- frank.reddy@genie.geis.com (Francis Reddy) - map projections
- french@isu.isunet.edu (Patrick M. French) - space group contact info
- g@telesoft.com (Gary Morris) - amateur radio info
- gaetz@cfa.harvard.edu (Terry Gaetz) - N-body calculations,
- orbital dynamics
- glandis@lerc.nasa.gov (Geoffrey A. Landis) - survival in vacuum, AAS &
- Artemis Society info
- gmcquary@Ingres.COM (George F. McQuary) - nearby star refs
- grandi@noao.edu (Steve Grandi) - planetary positions
- greer%utd201.dnet%utadnx@utspan.span.nasa.gov (Dale M. Greer) - constants
- gregb@gemini.den.mmc.com (Greg Bollendonk) - space model catalog
- henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) - survival in vacuum,
- astronaut how-to, Challenger disaster, publication refs, DC-X
- higgins@fnal.bitnet (William Higgins) - RTGs, publishers, shuttle
- landings, spysats, propulsion, "Face on Mars", and general
- assistance with FAQ upkeep.
- higgins@aa.washington.edu (Andrew Higgins) - gun launcher refs.
- hmueller@cssun.tamu.edu (Hal Mueller) - map projections,
- orbital dynamics
- jbh55289@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Josh Hopkins) - launch services
- jim@pnet01.cts.com (Jim Bowery) - propulsion, launch services
- jnhead@pirl.lpl.arizona.edu (James N. Head) - atmospheric scale heights
- jscotti@lpl.arizona.edu (Jim Scotti) - planetary positions
- kcarroll@zoo.toronto.edu (Kieran A. Carroll)- refs for spacecraft design
- ken@orion.bitnet (Kenneth Ng) - RTGs
- kjenks@gothamcity.jsc.nasa.gov (Ken Jenks) - shuttle roll manuever
- lklaes@aol.com (Larry Klaes) - planetary probe history
- leech@cs.unc.edu (Jon Leech) - crater diameters
- lfa@ssi.com (Lou Adornato) - orbital dynamics
- maury.markowitz@egsgate.fidonet.org (Maury Markowitz) - propulsion
- max@west.darkside.com (Erik Max Francis) - equations
- mazz@ipac.caltech.edu (Joe Mazzarella) - IPAC
- mbellon@mcdurb.Urbana.Gould.COM - N-body calculations
- mcconley@phoenix.Princeton.edu (Marc Wayne Mcconley) - space careers
- msb@sq.com (Mark Brader) - Mariner 1 info.
- mwm@cmu.edu (Mark Maimone) - SPACE Digest
- N.W.Watkins@sussex.ac.uk (Nick Watkins) - models, spysat refs
- ohainaut@eso.org (Olivier R. Hainaut) - publishers, STARCAT
- oneil@aio.jsc.nasa.gov (Graham O'Neil) - Lunar Prospector
- panama@cup.portal.com (Kenneth W Durham) - cometary orbits, IAU
- paul.blase@nss.fidonet.org (Paul Blase) - propulsion
- pete@denali.gsfc.nasa.gov (Pete Banholzer) - Clementine
- pjs@plato.jpl.nasa.gov (Peter Scott) - RTGs
- pschleck@novia.net (Paul W. Schleck) - AMSAT, ARRL contact info
- pwt@minnie.bell.inmet.com (Paul Tarr) - Shuttle computer refs
- rdb@mel.cocam.oz.au (Rodney Brown) - propulsion refs
- rja7m@phil.cs.virginia.edu (Ran Atkinson) - FTPable astro. programs
- rjungcla@ihlpb.att.com (R. Michael Jungclas)- models
- rosborne@uk.ac.ucl.ps (Richard Osborne) - UK-SEDS
- seal@leonardo.jpl.nasa.gov (David Seal) - Cassini mission schedule
- shafer@skipper.dfrf.nasa.gov (Mary Shafer) - photos, shuttle landings
- sherzer@netcom.com (Allen W. Sherzer) - Great Exploration
- smith@sndpit.enet.dec.com (Willie Smith) - photos
- stephen@gpwd.gp.co.nz (Stephen Dixon) - shuttle audio frequencies
- sterner@warper.jhuapl.edu (Ray Sterner) - planetary positions
- stooke@vaxr.sscl.uwo.ca (Phil Stooke) - planetary maps
- ted_anderson@transarc.com (Ted Anderson) - propulsion
- terry@astro.as.utexas.edu (Terry Hancock) - NASA center info
- thorson@typhoon.atmos.coloState.edu (Bill Thorson) - FITS info
- tm2b+@andrew.cmu.edu (Todd L. Masco) - SPACE Digest
- tom@ssd.csd.harris.com (Tom Horsley) - refs for algorithms
- veikko.makela@helsinki.fi (Veikko Makela) - orbital element sets
- Wales.Larrison@ofa123.fidonet.org (Wales Larrison) - groups & publications
- wayne@csri.utoronto.ca (Wayne Hayes) - constants
- weemba@libra.wistar.upenn.edu (Matthew P Wiener) - Voyager history
- yamada@yscvax.ysc.go.jp (Yoshiro Yamada) - ISAS/NASDA missions
- yee@ames.arc.nasa.gov (Peter Yee) - AMES archive server,
- propulsion
-
- In Net memoriam:
- Ted Flinn
-
- NEXT: FAQ #2/13 - Network Resources
-