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- From: sgi-faq@viz.tamu.edu (The SGI FAQ group)
- Newsgroups: comp.sys.sgi.misc,comp.answers,news.answers
- Subject: SGI graphics Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
- Supersedes: <graphics_993016817@viz.tamu.edu>
- Followup-To: comp.sys.sgi.misc
- Date: 6 Jul 2001 05:59:44 GMT
- Organization: Visualization Lab, Texas A&M University
- Lines: 2013
- Approved: news-answers-request@mit.edu
- Expires: 3 Aug 2001 06:00:15 GMT
- Message-ID: <graphics_994399215@viz.tamu.edu>
- Reply-To: sgi-faq@viz.tamu.edu (The SGI FAQ group)
- NNTP-Posting-Host: viz.tamu.edu
- NNTP-Posting-Date: 6 Jul 2001 05:59:44 GMT
- Originator: sgi-faq@viz.tamu.edu
- Xref: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu comp.sys.sgi.misc:57366 comp.answers:46111 news.answers:210663
-
- Archive-name: sgi/faq/graphics
- Last-modified: Wed Oct 20 1:00:04 CDT 1999
- Posting-Frequency: Twice monthly
- URL: http://www-viz.tamu.edu/~sgi-faq/
-
- SGI graphics Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
-
- This is one of the Silicon Graphics FAQ series, which consists of:
-
- SGI admin FAQ - IRIX system administration
- SGI apps FAQ - Applications and miscellaneous programming
- SGI audio FAQ - Audio applications and programming
- SGI diffs FAQ - Changes to the other FAQs since the last posting
- SGI graphics FAQ - Graphics and user environment customization
- SGI hardware FAQ - Hardware
- SGI impressario FAQ - IRIS Impressario
- SGI inventor FAQ - IRIS Inventor
- SGI misc FAQ - Introduction & miscellaneous information
- SGI movie FAQ - Movies
- SGI performer FAQ - IRIS Performer
- SGI pointer FAQ - Pointer to the other FAQs
- SGI security FAQ - IRIX security
-
- Read the misc FAQ for information about the FAQs themselves. Each FAQ is
- posted to comp.sys.sgi.misc and to the news.answers and comp.answers
- newsgroups (whose purpose is to store FAQs) twice per month. If you
- can't find one of the FAQs with your news program, you can get it from
-
- ftp://viz.tamu.edu/pub/sgi/faq/
- ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/sgi/faq/
-
- (rtfm.mit.edu is home to many other FAQs and informational documents,
- and is a good place to look if you can't find an answer here.) The FAQs
- are on the World Wide Web at
-
- http://www-viz.tamu.edu/~sgi-faq/
-
- If you can't use FTP or WWW, send mail to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with
- the word 'help' on a line by itself in the text, and it will send you a
- document describing how to get files from rtfm.mit.edu by mail. Send the
- command 'send usenet/news.answers/sgi/faq/misc' to get the SGI misc FAQ,
- and similarly for the other FAQs. Send the command 'send
- usenet/news.answers/internet-services/access-via-email' to get the
- "Accessing the Internet by E-Mail FAQ".
-
- You may distribute the SGI FAQs freely and we encourage you to do so.
- However, you must keep them intact, including headers and this notice,
- and you must not charge for or profit from them. Contact us for other
- arrangements. We can't be responsible for copies of the SGI FAQs at
- sites which we do not control, and copies published on paper or CD-ROM
- are certain to be out of date. The contents are accurate as far as we
- know, but the usual disclaimers apply. Send additions and changes to
- sgi-faq@viz.tamu.edu.
-
- Topics covered in this FAQ:
- ---------------------------
- -1- DISPLAYS AND DGL
- -2- How can I run a program on one machine and display it on another?
- -3- Does the DISPLAY environment variable work for GL applications?
- -4- Why doesn't the DISPLAY environment variable seem to work?
- -5- Why do I get DGL errors when I try to run a GL program?
- -6- CUSTOMIZING
- -7- What tools does SGI provide to help with the customization
- process?
- -8- What are the important login and resource files for IRIX 4.0.x?
- -9- What is the sequence of events that occur at login time in IRIX
- 4.0.x?
- -10- What is the difference between .xsession and .sgisession in IRIX
- 4.0.x?
- -11- Why do 4Dwm, toolchest, Workspace, etc. not recognize an
- environment variable I set in my shell's startup files in IRIX
- 4.0.x?
- -12- How can I change desktops without using the mouse and Desks
- Overview?
- -13- How can I turn off the IRIX 5.2 Magic user environment?
- -14- How can I display my own background image under Indigo Magic?
- -15- Where is the default value of PATH set?
- -16- Why can't I log in after copying /usr/lib/X11/xdm/Xsession to
- .xsession?
- -17- How can I find out what fonts are available?
- -18- How can I use the Alt key as a Meta key in an xwsh window?
- -19- How can I configure my keyboard like a VT100?
- -20- Can I put a single large picture in the 'clogin' display?
- -21- How can I change clogin's background to an image?
- -22- RESOURCES
- -23- What are resources?
- -24- How can I set resources?
- -25- How can I use resources to run the same program twice with
- different attributes?
- -26- Does the GL recognize resources?
- -27- How can I know what resources I can set for an application?
- -28- What is a good approach to take in looking for resources?
- -29- What is the precedence for resource files?
- -30- Why do long resources cause X to crash mysteriously in IRIX 5.2?
- -31- 4DWM
- -32- Where can I learn more about the Window Manager?
- -33- What files affect the window manager and what is their
- relationship to each other?
- -34- Do I need my own .4Dwmrc file?
- -35- Can I run a different window manager?
- -36- How can I choose a different window manager as the default?
- -37- How can I recover from a failed window manager customization
- attempt?
- -38- ADMINISTRATION
- -39- How can I log into pandora/clogin without bringing up graphics?
- -40- How can I restart the console?
- -41- How can I start and stop the graphics system?
- -42- How can I restart the X server?
- -43- How can I run 'xinit' manually, rather than automatically from
- 'xdm'?
- -44- How can I start X on a remote host with no users logged in?
- -45- IMAGE FILES
- -46- How can I convert images to and from other formats?
- -47- How can I convert models to and from other formats?
- -48- What is the format of SGI's RGB files?
- -49- How can I compress RGB bitmaps?
- -50- How can I make a screen dump?
- -51- Why does the IRIX 5.3 desktop recognize but not deal with JPEG
- files?
- -52- PROGRAMMING
- -53- Can I use 4Dgifts code in my application?
- -54- What does ERR_WMANIPC mean?
- -55- How can I translate screen (x,y) coords into world (x,y,z)
- coords?
- -56- How can I translate world (x,y,z) coords into screen (x,y)
- coords?
- -57- Why does nothing happen when I call mapcolor(index, R, G, B)?
- -58- Why can't 'cc' find some standard Xwindows functions?
- -59- What is a GL widget?
- -60- I'm using the GlxMDraw widget and it doesn't seem that colors are
- being installed correctly. Overlays in the GlxMDraw widget are
- displayed in red and gray instead of the colors I specify.
- What's wrong?
- -61- Is there a way to switch between single and double buffering
- within a GL widget on the fly?
- -62- Why doesn't my X server use backing store? How can I turn it on?
- -63- What is "/dev/tport" used for?
- -64- Why is OpenGL's glDrawPixels slower than IrisGL's lrectwrite?
- -65- BUGS AND PROBLEMS
- -66- Why do I get a "Broken Pipe" error when I close an X client
- window?
- -67- What do the errors in my 'xdm-errors' file mean?
- -68- Why doesn't SGI's xlock lock my screen?
- -69- Why can't my XView application find its fonts?
- -70- After running a few programs, the colors change as the cursor
- moves. The colors are usually all wrong in other windows.
- -71- How can I make my X Server use a 12-bit PseudoColor, 12-bit
- TrueColor or 24-bit TrueColor visual by default?
- -72- When I try to run UIM/X uxserverd, I get an error message saying,
- "license file has been modified, cannot start the UIM/X license
- server".
- -73- I just upgraded from IRIX 5.2 to 5.3. Why does my PI or VGX say
- "extension GLX missing on display :0.0"?
- -74- Why does my X server (Xsgi) grow inexorably?
- -75- Why does my GL application run slower on newer SGI hardware than
- it did on older SGI hardware?
- -76- MISCELLANEOUS
- -77- What books about the X Window System and OSF/Motif do you
- recommend?
- -78- Does the IRIX 5.2 Magic user environment display on an X
- terminal?
- -79- What about OpenGL?
- -80- Which SGI machines can run OpenGL now? Which will in the future?
- -81- What's this about a copyright dispute over virtual desks in
- Indigo Magic?
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Subject: -1- DISPLAYS AND DGL
- Date: 15 May 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- This section discusses how to use remote displays.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -2- How can I run a program on one machine and display it on
- another?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- Specify the host on which you want the X client to be displayed, then
- run the application. To specify a remote host,
-
- setenv DISPLAY <destination>:0
-
- where <destination> is the name or IP address of the remote host. To
- specify the local host (console),
-
- setenv DISPLAY :0
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -3- Does the DISPLAY environment variable work for GL
- applications?
- Date: 4 Jun 1997 00:00:01 EST
-
- Yes: IRIX 4.0.x and later uses the Distributed Graphics Library (DGL)
- to allow GL programs to run remotely. Applications running over
- DGL use the DISPLAY environment variable just as do ordinary X
- applications.
-
- OpenGL applications also will pay attention to the DISPLAY variable.
- OpenGL data, however, does not use DGL; it uses the standard X
- communications mechanism.
-
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -4- Why doesn't the DISPLAY environment variable seem to
- work?
- Date: 4 Jun 1997 00:00:01 EST
-
- First, make sure your DISPLAY variable is syntactically correct. For
- example, to display applications on a machine named "enterprise",
- whose IP address is 123.45.678.90, DISPLAY should be set to
- "enterprise:0" or "123.45.678.90:0".
-
- Next, try to "ping" the machine to which your DISPLAY variable is
- set. If this does not work, you have either specified an invalid
- hostname, the host is down, or you are having network problems.
- If you are running an older binary that expects to see /etc/resolv.conf
- in /usr/etc, you will either have to make a symbolic link from
- /usr/etc/resolv.conf to /etc/resolv.conf, or set the DISPLAY variable
- with a numeric address.
-
- If you see messages like "permission denied" or "can't connect to
- server", you have a permission problem. Do 'xhost +yourmachine' on
- the remote machine to give 'yourmachine' access to the remote
- machine's display. (Note that 'xhost' is inactive by default on
- SGIs.)
-
- If you're using NIS (YP), make sure the client is linked with
- "-lsun".
-
- For more information see Chapter 3 of the X Window System User's
- Guide.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -5- Why do I get DGL errors when I try to run a GL program?
- Date: 4 Jun 1997 00:00:01 EST
-
- - There may be a problem with the DISPLAY variable or Xwindows
- permissions. See the previous question.
-
- - You may be trying to display on a non-SGI machine which doesn't
- support GL/DGL. Note that DGL is for running GL programs remotely,
- not OpenGL programs. OpenGL programs run remotely via the
- GLX X server extension.
-
- - DGL may be disabled in /etc/services and/or /etc/inetd.conf. The
- former file should have a line reading
-
- sgi-dgl 5232/tcp
-
- and the latter should have a line reading
-
- sgi-dgl stream tcp nowait root /usr/etc/dgld dgld -IM -tDGLTSOCKET
-
- If either is commented out, remove the comment.
-
- - You may be trying to display on a machine with a much older version
- of IRIX. Try another machine with a newer IRIX.
-
- An article in the Jan/Feb 1993 Pipeline describes the above in great
- detail.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -6- CUSTOMIZING
- Date: 15 May 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- This section discusses ways to customize your environment, both with
- and without graphics. The next two sections go into depth on
- customizing Xwindows resources and the 4Dwm.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -7- What tools does SGI provide to help with the
- customization process?
- Date: 05 Jul 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- Here are some good places to look in IRIX 4.0.x:
-
- - The Customization rollover menu in the Toolchest.
- - The manpages for xfontsel, xlsfonts, xwininfo, xdpyinfo, xprop,
- appres, listres, and xrdb.
- - The "WorkSpace User's Guide".
- - The example files in /usr/tutor/Customize.
-
- In IRIX 5.x, take the systemtour and keep your eyes open.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -8- What are the important login and resource files for IRIX
- 4.0.x?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- The following three file groupings indicate where files that affect
- your login session reside.
-
- 1) /usr/lib/X11/* - This is THE starting place. Here you find the
- system default bindings for Motif, 4Dwm, and the Toolchest. The xdm
- directory lives here as well as the app-defaults directory. xdm
- controls the session management. Many application defaults are set in
- the app-defaults directory.
-
- 2) $HOME/[.Xdefaults, .4Dwmrc, .chestrc, .xsession, .sgisession] Here
- you find the files that control your system set-up. You create these
- files; they don't exist when you first log in.
-
- 3) /usr/bin/X11 - This is where the binaries live. It makes life nice
- to include this directory in your path.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -9- What is the sequence of events that occur at login time
- in IRIX 4.0.x?
- Date: 10 Dec 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- This is a bare bones synopsis of the events that occur when you log
- in to the console via xdm (the default method of logging in) under
- IRIX 4.0.x and, with the desktop *disabled*, IRIX 5.x.
-
- 1) Provide a "failsafe" (nographics) login if required/requested.
- 2) Exec $HOME/.xsession if it exists. If it exists, the remaining
- steps should normally be included in the users .xsession file
- as well.
- 3) Load $HOME/.Xresources if it exists.
- 4) Set XUSERFILESEARCHPATH.
- 5) Incorporate a "shell" environment into the "session".
- (man userenv)
- 6) Set the root background and cursor.
- 7) Disable display access control (xhost +). (man xhost)
- 8) Start 4Dwm.
- 9) Wait for 4Dwm to come up.
- 10) Start the console.
- 11) Execute $HOME/.sgisession if it exists.
- 12) Start WorkSpace if the user wants it.
- 13) Put a Toolchest on each screen.
- 14) Exec the "reaper". (man reaper / endsession)
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -10- What is the difference between .xsession and .sgisession
- in IRIX 4.0.x?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- The system Xsession file (/usr/lib/X11/xdm/Xsession or
- Xsession-remote) starts up a number of important things when you log
- in, eg. 4Dwm, toolchest, loads resources, sets your
- XUSERFILESEARCHPATH, sets your root background, etc.
-
- One of the last things it does is look in your home directory for a
- .sgisession file. This allows you to start additional programs at
- login time. This is the file that you would use to start a mailbox,
- additional window, a calendar, etc.
-
- ADVANTAGES OF $HOME/.sgisession :
-
- 1) You don't need to read through yet another system file to see
- what you need or don't need.
-
- DISADVANTAGES OF $HOME/.sgisession :
-
- 1) You cannot override ALL of the defaults set for you. Some
- things you can't change from a .sgisession file:
-
- A) You can't start a different window manager.
- B) You can't change the way the console starts.
- C) You can't change toolchest output redirection to
- the console.
-
- 2) Users of other vendors' equipment are used to seeing a
- .xsession file.
-
- After checking for a "failsafe" (ie. no graphics) login, one of the
- first things that /usr/lib/X11/xdm/Xsession does is check for
- $HOME/.xsession. If it exists, Xsession execs your .xsession file.
- This means that if you are REALLY sure you know what you are doing,
- you can log in with a different window manager, xterm as a console,
- or xwsh not already iconified, etc. You can also turn off the
- toolchest output redirection, and start anything else you might have
- done in $HOME/.sgisession. There is a discussion on xsession files in
- volume 3 of the O'Reilly series.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -11- Why do 4Dwm, toolchest, Workspace, etc. not recognize an
- environment variable I set in my shell's startup files
- in IRIX 4.0.x?
- Date: 03 Sep 1995 00:00:01 EST
-
- The script /usr/lib/X11/xdm/Xsession (or, if you have one, your own
- ~/.xsession) runs when you log in and starts your window manager
- (4Dwm), Workspace, etc. To give these programs a copy of the
- environment you define in your shell's startup files, Xsession first
- runs 'userenv', which runs your shell just to see what environment
- variables your shell's startup files set and puts them into
- Xsession's environment. Later on Xsession runs 4Dwm, Workspace, etc.
- and they inherit Xsession's environment including the environment
- variables which 'userenv' got from your shell's startup files.
-
- However, 'userenv' objects to 1) errors in your shell startup files,
- 2) commands which print output to the terminal and 3) commands like
- 'stty' and 'tset', which expect to be connected to a terminal. Any
- of these may cause 'userenv' to give up completely, so that Xsession,
- 4Dwm, Workspace, etc. do not get any of your shell's enviroment.
-
- To get 'userenv' to work, you must 1) make sure that your shell
- startup files are error-free and 2) protect 'userenv' from commands
- which print output or expect to be connected to a terminal by testing
- for the ENVONLY environment variable before running them. (See the
- userenv(1) manpage.) You might try disabling your shell startup files
- (or parts thereof) one by one to narrow down which is causing the
- problem. Be sure to check both personal and system-wide shell
- startup files! See your shell's manpage for a complete list.
-
- Note that each terminal window (aka 'winterm', 'xwsh' or 'xterm')
- runs a fresh copy of your shell, so it has a second chance to set
- your environment variables. Your shell is now connected to a terminal
- and 'userenv' isn't involved, so none of the above problems apply.
- The environment in a terminal window will appear correct, and
- programs started from a window (e.g. by typing 'workspace' to start
- Workspace) will inherit the environment properly. Furthermore,
- 'userenv' often appears to work when run inside a terminal window,
- even when it does not work when run from Xsession. This is all fine,
- but it doesn't help when you log in. One right way to see if
- 'userenv' is working when it should is to add the line 'env >
- $HOME/test-userenv' to Xsession after the line that runs 'userenv',
- log in and examine the file it creates.
-
- 'bash' users take note: 'bash' has particular problems with 'userenv',
- and there is a special version of 'userenv' which works with 'bash' at
- ftp://viz.tamu.edu/pub/sgi/software/desktop/userenv.tar.gz.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -12- How can I change desktops without using the mouse and
- Desks Overview?
- Date: 8 Mar 1997 00:00:01 CST
-
- Ping Huang <pshuang@sgi.com> contributes the following method:
-
- Unlike some other window managers, you can't navigate between
- desktops geographically, using some Control, Alt, and/or Shift'ed
- version of the arrow keys. However, you can tell 4Dwm to let you jump
- to a given desktop with a keystroke. If you want to customize one
- account only, copy /usr/lib/X11/system.4Dwmrc (or possibly
- /usr/lib/X11/$LANG/system.4Dwmrc, if you set the LANG environment
- variable for localization) to the user's home directory as .4Dwmrc.
- Look for the "Keys 4DwmKeyBindings" section, and add lines of the
- following form:
-
- # IndigoMagic desktops
- <Key>F1 root|icon|window f.switch_desk "Desk 1"
- <Key>F2 root|icon|window f.switch_desk "Desk 2"
- <Key>F3 root|icon|window f.switch_desk "Desk 3"
-
- <Key>F10 root|icon|window f.switch_desk "Global"
-
- The names of the desks are whatever arbitrary names you used to name
- your desks in Desk Overview. (The "Global" desk is, however, a special
- desk; see Desk Overview help for details. You still reference its
- name here as you would any other desk.)
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -13- How can I turn off the IRIX 5.2 Magic user environment?
- Date: 18 Aug 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- Mark Andrews <mark@alias.com> says:
- You can disable the Indigo Magic environment in two ways:
-
- 1) If you wish to disable it for all users on the machine:
-
- chkconfig desktop off
-
- 2) If you wish to disable it for a specific user, do
-
- touch ~<username>/.disableDesktop
-
- You may also have to remove the ~/.desktop-<hostname> directory as
- well as 4Dwm looks in there for a 4Dwmsession file which it uses
- for a guide to redisplay windows left open from the last session.
-
- Method 2 works ONLY if you have the original IRIX 5.2 xdm Xsession
- file, which contains the following code chunk:
-
- if /etc/chkconfig desktop ;
- then
- if [ -x $0.dt -a \! -f $HOME/.disableDesktop ]
- then
- exec $0.dt $*
- fi
- fi
-
- If you only want to turn off the file manager, create the file
- ~/.desktop-<hostname>/nodesktop.
-
- Whether you disable the entire desktop or just the file manager, you
- may also want to set one or more of these resources
-
- 4DWm*SG_autoSave: false
- 4Dwm*SG_manageSession: false
- 4Dwm*SG_useBackgrounds: false
-
- which are explained in the 4Dwm(1) manpage. See also the desktop_eoe
- release notes.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -14- How can I display my own background image under Indigo
- Magic?
- Date: 30 Apr 1995 00:00:01 EST
-
- Two SGI employees described two different ways to do this, one for
- folks who don't care about desktop icons and one for folks who do.
-
- Joel Tesler of SGI <joel@sgi.com> says:
-
- 1) Disable Indigo Magic desktop icons in any of the three ways
- (~/.desktop-<host>/nodesktop, ~/.disableDesktop, or 'chkconfig
- desktop off') described in the previous entry.
-
- 2) Set the resource
-
- 4Dwm*SG_useBackgrounds: false
-
- 3) Run whatever command you like to display the image on the
- background.
-
- Jon Madison of SGI <jm@indianapolis.sgi.com> says:
-
- 1) cp /usr/lib/X11/system.backgrounds ~/.backgrounds
-
- 2) Read your new ~/.backgrounds file (and 'man background') to see
- how it works, and edit it. Here's an example entry which uses
- 'xli' (a free image viewer) to display a GIF image:
-
- background "Legos"
- command "-execute /usr/local/bin/xli -onroot -fork /usr/people/jm/graphics/pix/lego.gif"
- default "-execute /usr/local/bin/xli -onroot -fork /usr/people/jm/graphics/pix/lego.gif"
- exeok "/usr/local/bin/xli"
- readok "/usr/people/jm/graphics/pix/lego.gif"
-
- 3) Run the 'background' customization panel. (It's in the default
- toolchest. Hey, there's your custom background in the list!
-
- Backgrounds set up in this way coexist fine with desktop icons.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -15- Where is the default value of PATH set?
- Date: 10 Dec 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- Every program which allows a user to log in (telnet, rlogin, pandora,
- etc.) can specify PATH. Shells may as well if it isn't already set.
- There are many slightly different default values, and relying on them
- is a good way to get confused. The only reliable method is to set
- PATH in your shell's startup files. These are different for each
- shell, and are described in each shell's manpage. Beware of 'ksh',
- which has an internal, invisible default path ('/bin:/usr/bin') which
- it uses when PATH is not set.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -16- Why can't I log in after copying
- /usr/lib/X11/xdm/Xsession to .xsession?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- After copying this file to your home directory, you need to remove
- all references to "xsession". References to xsession cause the system
- to try to execute $HOME/.xsession, which will create an infinite
- loop.
-
- Remove the lines in ~/.xsession that say:
-
- if [ -r $xsession -a "$0" != $xsession ]; then
- if [ -x $xsession ]; then
- exec $xsession
- else
- exec /bin/sh $xsession
- fi
- fi
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -17- How can I find out what fonts are available?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- The xfontsel and xlsfonts utilities help you find appropriate fonts.
- xlsfonts lists the fonts; xfontsel provides an interface for
- selecting a desired font. To use xfontsel, choose "Font Names" from
- the Customization rollover menu in the Toolchest. Please see the man
- pages and the IRIS Utilities Guide for further information.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -18- How can I use the Alt key as a Meta key in an xwsh
- window?
- Date: 23 Jun 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- First, put the following X resources wherever you put X resources:
-
- --- beginning of resources ---
- ! This turns Alt-key into Meta-key.
-
- XWsh*metaKeyMask: 8
-
- ! This allows multiple key modifiers in keybindings (so we can do
- ! meta-shift, meta-control, etc. and incidentally a) turns vt100
- ! cursor key mode off and b) changes the cursor key bindings.
-
- XWsh*keyboardType: xlib
-
- ! This turns vt100 cursor key mode back on. Running 'tset' at login
- ! resets the terminal and turns the cursor keys back off, so don't
- ! run it.
-
- XWsh*initSequence: \233?1h
-
- ! The iris-ansi terminfo entry has arrow key sequences for the ibmrt
- ! keyboard, not the xlib keyboard; for curses applications to work,
- ! the arrow keys must be bound to the sequences in the terminfo
- ! entry. Rebinding the arrow keys to match the terminfo entry is more
- ! convenient than changing the terminfo entry.
-
- XWsh*ckmeKeyMap: \
- Left(any): send("\033[D"); \
- Right(any): send("\033[C"); \
- Up(any): send("\033[A"); \
- Down(any): send("\033[B");
- --- end of resources ---
-
- 'tset' resets your terminal, so running it will undo the initSequence
- resource setting. There is a 'tset' command in the default csh/tcsh
- ~/.login file; replace the line
-
- eval `tset -s -Q`
-
- with
-
- if (! $?TERM) then
- eval `tset -s -Q`
- endif
-
- so 'tset' will run only if the TERM environment variable isn't
- already set. (You can't say 'if (! $?TERM) eval `tset -sQ`', because
- csh/tcsh evaluates the backquotes *before* the if.)
-
- Finally, if you use GNU Emacs, put the following in your .emacs:
-
- (set-input-mode nil nil t)
-
- This tells Emacs to allow Meta key usage even though the iris-ansi
- (xwsh) terminal description doesn't specify a Meta key.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -19- How can I configure my keyboard like a VT100?
- Date: 4 Jun 1997 00:00:01 EST
-
- 'xwsh -vt100' may be close enough; try it and see. (The PF keys are
- mapped to F9-F12.) If not, use 'xterm -name VT200' and put the
- following wherever you put the rest of your X resources:
-
- === snip ===
- XTerm*VT200.Translations: #override \
- <Key>BackSpace: string(0x7f) \n\
- <Key>Num_Lock: string(0x1b) string("OP") \n\
- <Key>KP_Divide: string(0x1b) string("OQ") \n\
- <Key>KP_Multiply: string(0x1b) string("OR") \n\
- <Key>KP_Subtract: string(0x1b) string("OS") \n\
- <Key>KP_Add: string(0x1b) string("Om") \n\
- <Key>Pause: string(0x1b) string("[34~") \n\
- <Key>Print: string(0x1b) string("[32~") \n\
- <Key>Scroll_Lock: string(0x1b) string("[33~") \n\
- <Key>KP_0: string(0x1b) string("Op") \n\
- <Key>KP_1: string(0x1b) string("Oq") \n\
- <Key>KP_2: string(0x1b) string("Or") \n\
- <Key>KP_3: string(0x1b) string("Os") \n\
- <Key>KP_4: string(0x1b) string("Ot") \n\
- <Key>KP_5: string(0x1b) string("Ou") \n\
- <Key>KP_6: string(0x1b) string("Ov") \n\
- <Key>KP_7: string(0x1b) string("Ow") \n\
- <Key>KP_8: string(0x1b) string("Ox") \n\
- <Key>KP_9: string(0x1b) string("Oy") \n\
- <Key>KP_Decimal: string(0x1b) string("On") \n\
- <Key>Insert: string(0x1b) string("[1~") \n\
- <Key>Home: string(0x1b) string("[2~") \n\
- <Key>Prior: string(0x1b) string("[3~") \n\
- <Key>Delete: string(0x1b) string("[4~") \n\
- <Key>End: string(0x1b) string("[5~") \n\
- <Key>Next: string(0x1b) string("[6~") \n\
- <Key>F1: string(0x1b) string("[17~") \n\
- <Key>F2: string(0x1b) string("[18~") \n\
- <Key>F3: string(0x1b) string("[19~") \n\
- <Key>F4: string(0x1b) string("[20~") \n\
- <Key>F5: string(0x1b) string("[21~") \n\
- <Key>F6: string(0x1b) string("[23~") \n\
- <Key>F7: string(0x1b) string("[24~") \n\
- <Key>F8: string(0x1b) string("[25~") \n\
- <Key>F9: string(0x1b) string("[26~") \n\
- <Key>F10: string(0x1b) string("[28~") \n\
- <Key>F11: string(0x1b) string("[29~") \n\
- <Key>F12: string(0x1b) string("[31~") \n\
- === snip ===
-
- This remaps the keys as follows:
-
- ---------------------------------------------
- SGI Key | Emulated VT100 key
- ---------------------------------------------
- Num Lock | PF1
- / | PF2
- * | PF3
- - | PF4
- 7 | 7
- 8 | 8
- 9 | 9
- + | -
- 4 | 4
- 5 | 5
- 6 | 6
- 1 | 1
- 2 | 2
- 3 | 3
- Enter | Enter
- 0 | 0
- . | .
- Insert | Find
- Home | Insert Here
- Page Up | Remove
- Delete | Select
- End | Prev Screen
- Page Down | Next Screen
- F1 | F6
- F2 | F7
- F3 | F8
- F4 | F9
- F5 | F10
- F6 | F11
- F7 | F12
- F8 | F13
- F9 | F14
- F10 | Help
- F11 | Do
- F12 | F17
- Print Screen | F18
- Scroll Lock | F19
- Pause | F20
-
- These translations encompass both VT100 and VT200 (LK201-style)
- keyboards. Thanks to Hemant Shah <shah@fnal.fnal.gov> and Isaac
- A. Stoddard <u177k@gsde.hso.link.com> for their contributions here.
- Any volunteers to work out similar bindings for xwsh?
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -20- Can I put a single large picture in the 'clogin'
- display?
- Date: 05 Nov 1995 00:00:01 EST
-
- Not in IRIX 5.0-5.2 or 6.0-6.0.1. You could in IRIX 4.0.x and earlier,
- and you can in IRIX 5.3 and 6.1 and later. Read the clogin(1) manpage.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -21- How can I change clogin's background to an image?
- Date: 05 Nov 1995 00:00:01 EST
-
- Convert the image to xbm ("X BitMap") format. (See under "IMAGE FILES"
- below for conversion programs.) Uncomment the 'xsetroot' line in
- /usr/lib/X11/xdm/Xlogin and change the filename after '-bitmap' to
- your .xbm file. If your image is smaller than your screen, it will be
- tiled to fill the screen.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -22- RESOURCES
- Date: 15 May 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- This section discusses Xwindows resources.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -23- What are resources?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- Resources are "attributes" that control the look and feel of an
- application. Resources include color, fonts, size, location, and
- more. Resources can have a complex format for binding strengths.
-
- For a complete description of resources, including a description of
- "loose" and "tight" bindings, consult a book listed in the
- bibliography question above.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -24- How can I set resources?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- There are many ways to set resources. Resources may be listed in
- files or contained in a data base. Consult a book on X as well as the
- xrdb(1) manpage for detailed descriptions. Generally speaking, if
- xrdb is not used, resource files are specified through environment
- variables. "What is a good approach to take in looking for
- resources?" addresses the precedence of these files and variables.
-
- For some examples in IRIX 4.0.x, see the file
- /usr/tutor/Customize/example.Xdefaults.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -25- How can I use resources to run the same program twice
- with different attributes?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- To accomplish this task, you need to take advantage of the "instance
- vs class" concept. This concept is explained further in most books on
- Xt.
-
- Many applications have a resource that lets you to give it a unique
- name. For example, from the xwsh man page :
-
- -name instance-name
- Provide a unique name for an xwsh window. This name becomes
- the instance name of the specific xwsh, with the class name
- always being "XWsh".
-
- Using the -name option allows you to give "names" to different
- instances of xwsh and assign different resources to each one. So if
- you want two different xwsh's with different resource sets, give them
- two different names, say howdymom and howdydoody, for example. Add
- the following to your ~/.Xdefaults file (if you use .Xdefaults) :
-
- howdymom*foreground: SeaGreen
- howdydoody*foreground: SGIBeet
-
- Now all you have to do is start them up :
-
- xwsh -name howdymom&
- xwsh -name howdydoody&
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -26- Does the GL recognize resources?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- Yes. In IRIX 4.0 and later, the GL responds to several X resources,
- allowing run-time control over some aspects of GL programs.
-
- The man page assumes you are somewhat familiar with X resources, if
- you are not, you should read some X documentation such as Volume 3 of
- the O'Reily X books.
-
- The GL uses resources names with the prefixes
-
- appname.gl. (instance prefix)
- Appname.GL. (class prefix)
-
- where appname and Appname are derived from the argument to the GL
- program's first call to winopen(3G) upper case.
-
- For complete information see the man page for GLRESOURCES.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -27- How can I know what resources I can set for an
- application?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- The most common place to find resource variables for a particular
- application is in the man page for that application.
-
- For example, take a look at the man page for `xwsh'. Look for the
- section heading called `RESOURCES'. This section lists each resource
- for `xwsh', and in some cases, the valid values for that resource.
-
- Also, many major applications are built on top of the Xt toolkit.
- There are standard resources that these applications recognize. For a
- more complete description, see one of the books on Xt listed in the
- bibliography.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -28- What is a good approach to take in looking for
- resources?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- The following is a recommended list of steps to take when searching
- for a resource, binding, behavior, etc.
-
- 1) Look in the 4.0 Transition Guide.
- 2) Look in /usr/tutor/Customize.
- 3) Look in /usr/demos.
- 4) Look in ~4Dgifts. (Available with the development option.)
- 5) If the client you are interested in is a GL client, see the
- man page for GLRESOURCES.
- 6) Look in /usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/ClientName.
- 7) Look in /usr/lib/X11/system.* .
- 8) Look through the man page for the client you are interested in.
- 9) Look in O'Reilly & Associates Vol. III. It has many gems
- pertaining to standard X clients.
- 10) Look in the documentation that came with your application.
- 11) Look in the OSF Motif manuals.
- 12) Post to comp.windows.x if you can not find
- an answer using steps 1 through 11.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -29- What is the precedence for resource files?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- The following list indicates the weight of set resources.
- Items at the top have the greatest weight.
-
- 1) Hard coded values for resources.
- 2) Command line arguments.
- 3) Resources pointed to by $XENVIRONMENT.
- 4) Resource values loaded into the Resource Data Base via xrdb.
- 5) Resources pointed to by other environment variables :
-
- IF $XUSERFILESEARCHPATH is set
-
- then it contains a list of directories to search.
-
- ELSE IF $XAPPLRESDIR is set
-
- it contains a single directory, and a short list of related
- directories (e.g. adjusted for language) is where resource files
- must be found.
-
- ELSE
-
- Look in a short list of places related to $HOME (e.g. language
- adjusted). This includes files in $HOME that have the name of
- the class of the application.
-
- 6) Resource values set in $HOME/.Xdefaults, provided that the
- RESOURCE_MANAGER property hasn't been set via the xrdb command.
- (see the third paragraph in the xrdb man page)
- 7) Values set in /usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/*.
- 8) Values set through through the application's fall back mechanism.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -30- Why do long resources cause X to crash mysteriously in
- IRIX 5.2?
- Date: 13 Nov 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- Get patch 36.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -31- 4DWM
- Date: 15 May 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- This section discusses the 4D Window Manager.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -32- Where can I learn more about the Window Manager?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- The man pages for 4Dwm and mwm contain a wealth of information on the
- window manager. There are also online files. You may want to read
- /usr/tutor/Customize/example.4Dwmrc (IRIX 4.0.x only) as well as
- /usr/people/4Dgifts/.4Dwmrc (if you have the IDO option). The
- OSF/Motif manuals listed in the bibliography are also good places to
- find information. (4Dwm is based on mwm).
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -33- What files affect the window manager and what is their
- relationship to each other?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- 1) ~/.4Dwmrc, if you have one
- 2) /usr/lib/X11/system.4Dwmrc
- 3) /usr/bin/X11/4Dwm
- 4) /usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/4Dwm
- 5) ~/.Xdefaults (or wherever you set resources)
-
- When 4Dwm is started, it looks for ~/.4Dwmrc. If it does not exist,
- it looks at /usr/lib/X11/system.4Dwmrc. The definitions for button
- bindings, menus, etc are contained in these files. For a better
- description of bindings, look in /usr/tutor/Customize/example.4Dwmrc
- and /usr/people/ 4Dgifts/.4Dwmrc. Also see the man pages for 4Dwm.
-
- The resource set for the bindings will actually "choose" which
- binding definition is set.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -34- Do I need my own .4Dwmrc file?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- Not necessarily. As mentioned in the previous question, actual
- bindings are determined by resource names. If there is a binding
- definition in /usr/lib/X11/system.4Dwmrc that you like, you may
- choose it by setting the appropriate resource.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -35- Can I run a different window manager?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- IRIX has 4Dwm, mwm, twm, and uwm. However, GL programs are guaranteed
- to work only under 4Dwm.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -36- How can I choose a different window manager as the
- default?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- You must use a .xsession file and explicitly invoke the window
- manager and any other applications you want to use, such as
- 'toolchest' and 'xwsh'.
-
- After making this change, you may only be able to log out by using
- the "Log Out" selection in the toolchest, or by executing
- /usr/bin/X11/endsession.
-
- Here are the contents of a sample .xsession file:
-
- xhost + &
- toolchest -name ToolChest > /dev/console 2&>1 &
- winterm -bg red &
- winterm -bg blue &
- mwm > /dev/console 2&>1 &
- /usr/bin/X11/reaper
-
- Note that 'reaper' is not put into the background. When 'reaper'
- exits you will be logged out.
-
- Alternatively, you can do the following steps:
-
- 1. cp /usr/lib/X11/xdm/Xsession ~/.xsession
-
- 2. Remove the lines in ~/.xsession that say:
-
- if [ -r $xsession -a "$0" != $xsession ]; then
- if [ -x $xsession ]; then
- exec $xsession
- else
- exec /bin/sh $xsession
- fi
- fi
-
- 3. Change the line that says
-
- /usr/bin/X11/4Dwm >/dev/console 2>&1 &
-
- to
-
- /usr/bin/X11/mwm > /dev/console 2>&1 &
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -37- How can I recover from a failed window manager
- customization attempt?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- If your attempt at customization leaves you in a state where buttons
- and menus are no longer recognized, you can recover by pressing the
- <Alt><CTRL><Shift><!>keys simultaneously. A menu appears that will
- let you choose Motif, Iris, or user defaults. Choose either Motif or
- Iris defaults and then push OK. This restarts the window manager to a
- usable state.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -38- ADMINISTRATION
- Date: 15 May 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- This section describes how to start and stop parts of the graphics
- system in various funky ways.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -39- How can I log into pandora/clogin without bringing up
- graphics?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- Add the magic word 'failsafe' after your username. E.g. to log in as
- root without graphics, you'd type 'root failsafe', whack Enter, and
- type your password.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -40- How can I restart the console?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- Use /usr/sbin/startconsole. 'startconsole' and 'winterm' (which
- 'startconsole' calls) are scripts, so you can see how they do it.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -41- How can I start and stop the graphics system?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- Use /usr/gfx/startgfx and /usr/gfx/stopgfx. Be aware that stopgfx
- will kill any active windows and log you out.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -42- How can I restart the X server?
- Date: 10 Sep 1995 00:00:01 EST
-
- To restart the X server (Xsgi) once, do any one of the following
- (in increasing order of brutality):
-
- - killall -TERM Xsgi
- - hold down the left-Control, left-Shift, F12 and keypad slash keys
- (this is fondly known as the "Vulcan Death Grip")
- - /usr/gfx/stopgfx; /usr/gfx/startgfx
- - reboot
-
- To restart the X server every time someone logs out of the console,
- edit /var/X11/xdm/xdm-config, change the setting of
- "DisplayManager._0.terminateServer" from "False" to "True" and do
- 'killall -HUP xdm'.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -43- How can I run 'xinit' manually, rather than
- automatically from 'xdm'?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- By doing the following, which will affect all users:
-
- 1) log in as root
- 2) Type:
- /usr/gfx/stopgfx
- chkconfig xdm off.
-
- 3) all users need to copy /usr/bin/X11/X to their home directory
- (renaming the file to .xserverrc), removing the if test for
- windowsystem, OR be familiar enough with xinit to have an
- alternate command line.
- 4) transfer all startup programs from .xsession/.sgisession to
- .xinitrc.
- 5) the last program to start from .xinitrc must not exit. When this
- one exits, the session terminates.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -44- How can I start X on a remote host with no users logged
- in?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- This example starts up an xclock on the remote system. The easy way
- to test this for now is to rlogin to the system and type the
- commands. Once something works you can write some shell scripts and
- use rsh to run them:
-
- hydra is being used to login to oscar and start graphics on oscar.
- oscar is displaying the pandora login when this is done:
-
- hydra 2% rlogin oscar -l root
- oscar 1# /usr/gfx/stopgfx (screen blanks)
- oscar 2# chkconfig windowsystem on
- oscar 3# setenv DISPLAY :0.0 (display on local screen)
- oscar 4# /usr/bin/X11/X & (start Xsgi)
- oscar 5# xclock & (clock is displayed)
-
- To clean up:
-
- oscar 6# /usr/gfx/stopgfx (screen blanks)
- oscar 7# /usr/gfx/startgfx (re-start pandora)
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -45- IMAGE FILES
- Date: 15 May 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- This section discusses image files and formats.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -46- How can I convert images to and from other formats?
- Date: 10 Mar 1996 00:00:01 EST
-
- IRIX comes with several tools which convert images to or from SGI's
- RGB format. The executables are part of the eoe2.sw.imagetools
- subsystem, and include:
-
- fromalias - convert an Alias image to an IRIS image
- frombin - create an RGB IRIS image file from a binary dump of image data
- fromcmap - convert a color map into an image with one scanline
- fromcube - convert a Cubicomp/Vertigo image file to IRIS format
- fromdi - convert an old .di dithered image into an IRIS image
- fromface - convert a UNIX faceserver image into an IRIS image
- fromgif - convert a GIF image into an IRIS image
- frommac - convert a MacPaint image into an IRIS image
- frompic - convert a MOVIE BYU .PIC image to an IRIS image
- fromppm - convert an image in Jef Poskanzer's format into an IRIS image
- fromrla - convert a Wavefront image to an IRIS image
- fromsun - convert a sun image into an IRIS image
- fromtarga - convert a targa image into an IRIS image
- fromxbm - convert an X Bitmap image into an IRIS image
- fromxud - convert an xwd file into an IRIS image
- fromxwd - convert an xwd file into an IRIS image
- fromyuv - convert an Abekas yuv image into an IRIS image
- toalias - convert an IRIS image to an Alias image
- toascii - convert an IRIS image to text characters
- tobin - convert an IRIS image to binary dump of pixel data
- tobw - convert an IRIS image to black and white
- togif - convert an IRIS image to a Compuserve GIF image
- tomac - convert an IRIS image to MacPaint format
- tonews - convert an IRIS image into NeWS format
- topict - convert an IRIS image to Macintosh PICT format
- toppm - convert an IRIS image file into Jef Poskanzer's ppm image format
- tops - convert an IRIS image to PostScript
- toscitex - Convert IRIS images into Scitex CT2T images
- tosun - convert an IRIS image to a sun raster file
- totarga - convert an IRIS image to a type 2 targa image
- toyuv - convert an IRIS image to yuv format
-
- The source for each of these tools is in the 4Dgifts
- dev.dev_sw.giftsfull subsystem and installed in the directory
- /usr/people/4Dgifts/iristools/imgtools. Each also has a manpage.
-
- Similar tools for more formats ('fromeps', 'frompict', 'frompixar',
- 'fromps', 'fromtiff', 'fromutah', 'totiff', 'toutah', 'toxbm' and
- 'toxpm' at last count), as well as some which come with IRIX and a few
- miscellaneous cool image editing tools, are in
- ftp://ftp.sgi.com/graphics/bin/. 'fromjpeg' and 'tojpeg' can be found
- in ftp://ftp.clr.toronto.edu/pub/sgi/sgijpeg/.
- ftp://swedishchef.lerc.nasa.gov/ has 'fromvicar' in
- /image/conversion/from/, 'tocolps' and 'topcl' in
- /image/conversion/to/ and many other image-related tools in nearby
- directories.
-
- The Independent JPEG Group's free JPEG software (in
- ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg/) and ghostscript (in
- ftp://ftp.cs.wisc.edu/ghost/) don't speak RGB, but do convert many
- common formats to and from JPEG and PostScript respectively. Note
- that older versions ghostscript understand GIF images but newer
- ones do not due to copyright restrictions.
-
- Finally, 'imgworks' (in the imgtools.sw.tools subsystem) understands
- RGB, TIFF and FIT formats, and there are several freeware programs
- which work on SGIs and understand SGI's RGB format as well as many
- other formats:
-
- imtools ftp://ftp.sdsc.edu/pub/sdsc/graphics/imtools/sgi_4d/
- xv ftp://ftp.cis.upenn.edu/pub/xv/
- ImageMagick ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/applications/ImageMagick/
- netpbm ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/graphics/graphics/packages/NetPBM/
-
- The Graphics File Formats FAQ (in
- ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/graphics/fileformats-faq/)
- lists many other graphics file viewing and conversion programs.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -47- How can I convert models to and from other formats?
- Date: Wed Sep 22 14:32:29 CDT 1999
-
- Converters to and from SGI's Inventor format are at
- ftp://ftp.sgi.com/sgi/inventor/ and
- ftp://viz.tamu.edu/pub/sgi/software/graphics/.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -48- What is the format of SGI's RGB files?
- Date: Wed Sep 22 16:52:40 CDT 1999
-
- Read http://reality.sgi.com/grafica/sgiimage.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -49- How can I compress RGB bitmaps?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- Use /usr/sbin/rle, which is part of eoe2.sw.imagetools.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -50- How can I make a screen dump?
- Date: 13 Nov 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- Use the utilities 'imgsnap' (IRIX 4.0.x only), 'scrsave', 'snapshot'
- or 'xwd'. All have manpages. 'imgsnap' is in the imgtools.sw.tools
- subsystem, 'scrsave' and 'snapshot' are in the eoe2.sw.gltools
- subsystem, 'xwd' is in x_eoe.sw.Xapps and their manpages are in the
- respective *.man.* subsystems.
-
- From within a GL program, you should call readdisplay(). For an
- example look at ~4Dgifts/iristools/imgtools/scrsave.c.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -51- Why does the IRIX 5.3 desktop recognize but not deal
- with JPEG files?
- Date: 18 Jun 1995 00:00:01 EST
-
- It's a bug in the IRIX 5.3 filetype rules. It is fixed in WebForce
- and will be fixed in future IRIXes. If you don't have WebForce, get
- the file ftp://viz.tamu.edu/pub/sgi/software/desktop/jpeg.ftr, put it
- in /usr/lib/filetype/local, cd to /usr/lib/filetype and type 'make'.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -52- PROGRAMMING
- Date: 15 May 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- This section discusses graphics programming. See the apps, audio and
- movie FAQs for general, audio and movie programming issues and the
- impressario, inventor and performer FAQs for discussions of those
- packages.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -53- Can I use 4Dgifts code in my application?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- Yes. The 4Dgifts are a "gift" and developers are welcome to use the
- code. However, SGI does not support the code in 4Dgifts. Note that
- certain restrictions apply. Please read the copyright statement in
- ~4Dgifts/README.Copyright.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -54- What does ERR_WMANIPC mean?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- The "WMAN" in that message means "window manager." However, this no
- longer means "window manager" such as 4Dwm, but rather the entire X
- Window system. The error means that the GL program triggered a fatal
- X error.
-
- A GL program can get an X error, because all GL programs are actually
- X clients. When a GL program does a winopen(), libgl actually calls
- XCreateWindow, etc.)
-
- When a GL program gets an X error, libgl prints out these X errors
- using this error message:
-
- GL: X request = maj.min, error code = ercode
-
- where
-
- maj = major request code that caused the error
- min = minor request code
- ercode = X error code
-
- This turns out to be easy to interpret, so long as the request was a
- core X protocol request (e.g., a CreateWindow request). In that
- case:
-
- 1. You can look up the major code in /usr/include/X11/Xproto.h.
- 2. The minor code is not used.
- 3. The X error code can be found in /usr/include/X11/X.h.
-
- As you can see in Xproto.h, the core X protocol requests have request
- codes <= 127.
-
- However, if maj > 127, then the request is an X extension request.
- Unfortunately, it can be difficult to interpret this unless you built
- your program with a debugging libgl.a (compiled with -g). The reason
- is that for an X extension, the major request code and the starting
- error code are copied from the X server during client startup, and
- these codes are saved in variables inside libgl. With a debugging
- libgl, these variables can be printed out from within a debugger,
- such as dbx.
-
- If the major code indicates an X Input extension request, then the
- minor numbers then tell the X input request type, and these are found
- in /usr/include/X11/extensions/XIproto.h.
-
- Finally, the X Input Extension uses 132 as its "starting error code."
- The possible errors are found in /usr/include/X11/extensions/XI.h,
- where they're defined like this:
-
- #define XI_BadDevice 0
- #define XI_BadEvent 1
- #define XI_BadMode 2
- #define XI_DeviceBusy 3
- #define XI_BadClass 4
-
- If you add 132 to these numbers, you get the error that's reported by
- the libgl error message.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -55- How can I translate screen (x,y) coords into world
- (x,y,z) coords?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- Check the manual page for mapw(3G) or mapw2(3G). mapw() returns a
- line into (x,y,z) space.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -56- How can I translate world (x,y,z) coords into screen
- (x,y) coords?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- There are two methods. The first method is detailed in
- ~4Dgifts/examples/grafix/world2scrn.c, which is part of the
- dev.dev_sw.giftsfull package. It multiplies the (x,y,z) vector into
- the current modeling and projection matrixes, and uses the result to
- interpolate based on the window size and position.
-
- The second method uses the current cursor position as a trick and is
- much simpler. Use cmov() to set the cursor position to the point of
- interest in world space, then call getcpos() to return the cursor
- position in screen coordinates. Note that if your entire viewport is
- off-screen, the results are undefined and you'll have to use the
- first method.
-
- float x,y,z;
- short x1, y1;
-
- cmov (x,y,z);
- getcpos (&x1, &y1);
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -57- Why does nothing happen when I call mapcolor(index, R,
- G, B)?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- You either need to call glcompat(GLC_SLOWMAPCOLORS, TRUE) at the
- beginning of your program, or call gflush() after calling mapcolor.
-
- See the NOTES section in "man mapcolors" and also "man glcompat" for
- further info. (This may also be in the GL release notes)
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -58- Why can't 'cc' find some standard Xwindows functions?
- Date: 14 May 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- You may be linking X libraries, which have complex interdependencies,
- in the wrong order. Mark Kilgard <mjk@hoot.asd.sgi.com> provided this
- handy chart:
-
- libXm--libXirisw
- \
- libXt--libXmu--libgl--libXi--libXext--libX11
- /
- libXaw
-
- Libraries should be listed in the same order on the cc or ld command
- line, left to right, as they appear above. If you don't use routines
- from a library, of course, you don't need it.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -59- What is a GL widget?
- Date: 10 Jun 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- GL widget refers to the GlxDraw (generic) and GlxMDraw (Motif)
- widgets that allow you to embed GL windows in Xt-based programs. To
- embed a GL windows in X-based programs is frequently called
- "Mixed-model" or "GLX" programming.
-
- There are several examples of mixed-model programming in the
- directory /usr/people/4Dgifts/examples/GLX.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -60- I'm using the GlxMDraw widget and it doesn't seem that
- colors are being installed correctly. Overlays in the
- GlxMDraw widget are displayed in red and gray instead of
- the colors I specify. What's wrong?
- Date: 10 Jun 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- The window manager must be directed to install all appropriate
- colormaps. Use the XSetWMColormapWindows() call to do this -- list
- one window for each colormap to be installed plus the top level
- window. If using overlays, include the overlay window as well as the
- normal GL window.
-
- If your window is TrueColor, you should still install the appropriate
- colormap, as Indigo TrueColor is simulated using a colormap.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -61- Is there a way to switch between single and double
- buffering within a GL widget on the fly?
- Date: 10 Jun 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- There is no way to switch between single and double buffered mode
- within the same window. (In X, this would mean changing the depth,
- which is not allowed.)
-
- To simulate this, you can create two GL widgets: a double buffered GL
- widget and a single buffered GL widget. When it is time to change
- the buffering mode, restack the windows so that the appropriate one
- is on top. If the two windows are created with a common parent, they
- move together when the parent is moved.
-
- For non-mixed mode applications, the GL performs this switching when
- you call gconfig().
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -62- Why doesn't my X server use backing store? How can I
- turn it on?
- Date: 12 Feb 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- Mark Kilgard of SGI <mjk@hoot.asd.sgi.com> writes,
- SGI ships its X server with backing store disabled. If you edit
- /usr/lib/X11/xdm/Xservers and remove the -bs option, then restart the
- X server, backing store will be available.
-
- The reason for not turning on backing store by default is two-fold.
-
- 1) In IRIX 4.0.X the code for managing overlay planes didn't properly
- take overlays into account so backing store doesn't work if you
- have overlay windows on the screen. This is fixed in IRIX 5.x.
-
- 2) In most cases, backing store hurts your performance. It cases ALL
- X rendering operations to make an extra (small) traversal through
- backing store code even if backing store isn't in use. Also when
- backing store is in use, it tends to grow the X server since a
- large amount of memory can easily be used to maintain backing
- store.
-
- One alternative to backing store is to render your image to a pixmap
- and then blit from the pixmap to the screen in response to expose
- events. This will stress the X server a great deal less than using
- backing store. Additionally, make sure you are compressing expose
- events when you redraw.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -63- What is "/dev/tport" used for?
- Date: 26 May 1993 00:00:01 CST
-
- Mark Stadler (mds@sgi.com) says:
- /dev/tport is a streams-based tty device driver which can be in one
- of 2 modes:
-
- - when X is not running, /dev/tport gets its input from the graphics
- keyboard and images in the frame buffer (textport mode). This mode
- is only intended to be used in single-user mode or during
- transitional periods when the X server is not running.
-
- - when X is running, /dev/tport doesn't get any input and generates
- no output. Any programs or shells using /dev/tport hang on reads
- and toss writes.
-
- Kind of a strange device. But it makes more sense with a clear
- understanding of how /dev/console works.
-
- /dev/console is kind of like a terminal switch box. Rather than
- switching physical rs232 cables, we direct console output onto the
- output stream of other streams-based devices who request such
- behavior with TIOCCONS ioctl.
-
- By default, /dev/console directs its output to /dev/tport. In the
- absence of a windowing system this causes console output (including
- kernel prints) to show up on the textport in front of you.
-
- Once the window system is started, the /dev/tport is no longer
- visible. Thus the console is no longer visible. At this point, a
- terminal emulation window (using streams based ttys) can issue the
- TIOCCONS ioctl to cause console output (including kernel printfs) to
- show up in the emulation in the window in front of you.
-
- Note that when you bring the window system down, /dev/tport is still
- there with the same session it started with and the console output
- redirected back to it again.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -64- Why is OpenGL's glDrawPixels slower than IrisGL's
- lrectwrite?
- Date: 28 Jul 1995 00:00:01 EST
-
- Allen Akin of SGI <akin@tuolumne.asd.sgi.com> says: It's not, for the
- most common cases. After all, similar microcode and the same hardware
- are used for both commands. However, there are three issues to keep
- in mind.
-
- First, some midrange and low-end SGI graphics adaptors (particularly
- XS, XZ, Elan, and Extreme) transfer ABGR-ordered images much faster
- than they transfer RGBA-ordered images. The normal image format in
- IrisGL was ABGR, while in OpenGL it's RGBA. So to achieve the same
- performance in OpenGL that you did in IrisGL on those machines, you
- need to use ABGR-format images in OpenGL. The ABGR extension
- available in Irix 5.3 and later releases allows you to do this. See
- ``man glintro'' for background information on using OpenGL extensions,
- and ``man gldrawpixels'' for details on ABGR. Note that
- RealityEngine, IMPACT, and all future machines will process RGBA data
- at least as fast as ABGR, so RGBA is the way to go for new code.
-
- Second, some OpenGL pixel data types are faster than others. For most
- machines, unsigned byte RGBA (or ABGR) is the fastest full-color type.
- Unsigned byte and unsigned short are usually the fastest gray-scale
- types. Signed integer types are slower.
-
- Third, OpenGL pixel operations have a much richer set of features than
- IrisGL, and if any of those features are enabled, then image transfer
- can be significantly slower. Always disable the features that you
- don't need. The following code fragment disables features that are
- likely to make glDrawPixels slow:
-
- /*
- * Disable stuff that's likely to slow down glDrawPixels.
- * (Omit as much of this as possible, when you know in advance
- * that the OpenGL state will already be set correctly.)
- */
- glDisable(GL_ALPHA_TEST);
- glDisable(GL_BLEND);
- glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
- glDisable(GL_DITHER);
- glDisable(GL_FOG);
- glDisable(GL_LIGHTING);
- glDisable(GL_LOGIC_OP);
- glDisable(GL_STENCIL_TEST);
- glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_1D);
- glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
- glPixelTransferi(GL_MAP_COLOR, GL_FALSE);
- glPixelTransferi(GL_RED_SCALE, 1);
- glPixelTransferi(GL_RED_BIAS, 0);
- glPixelTransferi(GL_GREEN_SCALE, 1);
- glPixelTransferi(GL_GREEN_BIAS, 0);
- glPixelTransferi(GL_BLUE_SCALE, 1);
- glPixelTransferi(GL_BLUE_BIAS, 0);
- glPixelTransferi(GL_ALPHA_SCALE, 1);
- glPixelTransferi(GL_ALPHA_BIAS, 0);
-
- /*
- * Disable extensions that could slow down glDrawPixels.
- * (Actually, you should check for the presence of the proper
- * extension before making these calls. I've omitted that
- * code for simplicity.)
- */
-
- #ifdef GL_EXT_convolution
- glDisable(GL_CONVOLUTION_1D_EXT);
- glDisable(GL_CONVOLUTION_2D_EXT);
- glDisable(GL_SEPARABLE_2D_EXT);
- #endif
-
- #ifdef GL_EXT_histogram
- glDisable(GL_HISTOGRAM_EXT);
- glDisable(GL_MINMAX_EXT);
- #endif
-
- #ifdef GL_EXT_texture3D
- glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_3D_EXT);
- #endif
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -65- BUGS AND PROBLEMS
- Date: 15 May 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- This section discusses real and apparent bugs and problems we haven't
- covered already.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -66- Why do I get a "Broken Pipe" error when I close an X
- client window?
- Date: 10 Jun 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- Typically the error message looks like: XIO: fatal IO error 32
- (Broken pipe) on X server ":0.0" after 214 requests (214 known
- processed) with 0 events remaining. The connection was probably
- broken by a server shutdown or KillClient.
-
- The Window Manager is reporting that the pipe for your X client has
- been broken. This is normal when an X client exits. There is
- nothing wrong with your system. This message will also occur when the
- system is shut down. This is not an error condition and no core
- files are produced.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -67- What do the errors in my 'xdm-errors' file mean?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- It depends on the error message, obviously. Some are:
-
- unable to load display mode, rnid = 196614, errno = 22
- Failed to unbind rn from clip, rnid = 3,errno = 22
- bogus window id in rrm request type(2)
-
- These are messages related to the communication between the rrm layer
- in the kernel and the X server. The messages usually occur when a GL
- window is being destroyed in a sequence that the X server did not
- expect. They are quite benign.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -68- Why doesn't SGI's xlock lock my screen?
- Date: 10 Jun 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- If you or the super-user don't have a password, xlock will not lock.
-
- Under IRIX 4.0.x, xlock is set up by default to act as if invoked
- with the "-nolock" option, which tells it not to lock the screen. If
- you want force xlock to lock, do either of the following:
-
- a) Use the "+nolock" option when invoking xlock. This means
- "not nolock" (the opposite of "-nolock"). For example:
-
- % xlock +nolock
-
- b) Add the following line to your ~/.Xdefaults file:
-
- XLock.nolock: False
-
- In IRIX 5.x, the default behavior of xlock has been reversed, so
- xlock does indeed lock by default. If you wish to keep the IRIX 4.x
- behavior, invoke xlock with the -nolock option.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -69- Why can't my XView application find its fonts?
- Date: 11 Feb 1996 00:00:01 EST
-
- You haven't installed the x_eoe.sw.Xoptfonts subsystem.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -70- After running a few programs, the colors change as the
- cursor moves. The colors are usually all wrong in other
- windows.
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- This is known as colormap flashing. It is caused by the server
- maintaining 2 separate colormaps, one for GL windows and one for X
- windows. As the cursor moves around, the window manager will install
- the correct colormap for each window. This will cause colors to be
- wrong in other windows. For more information on colormaps and
- installation please see the Xlib Programming manual, chapter 7 (Vol I
- of the O'Reilly series).
-
- You can sometimes avoid colormap flashing by configuring your X
- Server to use a 12-bit or 24-bit visual by default.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -71- How can I make my X Server use a 12-bit PseudoColor, 12-
- bit TrueColor or 24-bit TrueColor visual by default?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- By default, the SGI X Server is configured to use an 8-bit
- PseudoColor visual. X-based applications can request other visuals
- directly if they are available. Alternatively, you can change the
- default visual by performing the following steps:
-
- a) Run "/usr/bin/X11/xdpyinfo" and check that your server is
- capable of using a 12-bit or 24-bit visual. If it is,
- you will see lines similar to the following:
-
- visual id, max buffers, depth: 0x28, 0, 12
- visual id, max buffers, depth: 0x29, 0, 12
- visual id, max buffers, depth: 0x2a, 0, 24
-
- The last number on each line represents the number of bits
- available for that visual.
-
- b) Log in as root
-
- c) Edit the file /usr/lib/X11/xdm/Xservers. By default it
- will contain the string:
- :0 secure /usr/bin/X11/X -bs -c -pseudomap 4sight
- for a 24-bit TrueColor visual change it to:
- :0 secure /usr/bin/X11/X -bs -c -class TrueColor -depth 24
- for a 12-bit PseudoColor visual change it to:
- :0 secure /usr/bin/X11/X -bs -c -class PseudoColor -depth 12
-
- d) Restart your X server as above.
-
- Note: X Server visuals are an advanced topic; before making the
- above changes you should be aware that some 3rd-party and freeware
- applications might not gracefully adapt to an X Server which supplies
- anything but an 8-bit PseudoColor visual by default.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -72- When I try to run UIM/X uxserverd, I get an error
- message saying, "license file has been modified, cannot
- start the UIM/X license server".
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- You probably have been given a bad key. The most frequent causes of
- incorrect keys have been incorrect capitalization and incorrect IP
- addresses.
-
- The program that generates the UIM/X key requires that the "host ID"
- (or IP address) be in hexadecimal format. If you feed it the
- standard form of IP address (i.e., 123.45.678.90) it will generate
- the wrong key and will not complain.
-
- To ensure that you are is giving the correct information when
- requesting a UIM/X key, please do the following:
-
- Hostname: Type in 'hostname' at the prompt, and be sure to say
- exactly what it says (including capitalization, if any).
-
- Host ID: Type in 'hostid' at the prompt, and be sure to say exactly
- what it says. You will be reading back a series of numbers of the
- form 0xc030c844. The leading 0x indicates that the following number
- is hexadecimal.
-
- The key generating script is highly sensitive to capital letters.
- Make sure you confirm the case of the letters, both when getting the
- hostname/hostid and when having your key read back to you.
-
- If this still doesn't fix the problem, you may have mixed files
- between UIM/X 1.0 and 2.0. Completely remove UIM/X, re-install it,
- and reproduce a Uimx2_0.license file with the correct information.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -73- I just upgraded from IRIX 5.2 to 5.3. Why does my PI or
- VGX say "extension GLX missing on display :0.0"?
- Date: 14 May 1995 00:00:01 EST
-
- Mark Kilgard of SGI <mjk@woodsy.asd.sgi.com> explains:
- /usr/lib/X11/dyDDX/glx.so, without which OpenGL doesn't work, is
- missing due to peculiar installation circumstances. (See the
- INSTALLING section of the SGI admin FAQ for general comments on that
- sort of thing.) Either remove the 5.2 gl_dev.sw.glprof subsystem
- *before* upgrading, or reinstall the 5.3 x_eoe.sw.Server subsystem
- *after* upgrading, and reboot. If you do the latter, be sure to "set
- neweroverride on" in 'inst'.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -74- Why does my X server (Xsgi) grow inexorably?
- Date: 04 May 1996 00:00:01 EST
-
- It's a combination of bugs in the kernel and X server (Xsgi) which
- result in leaked memory being allocated to Xsgi. Its total size (but
- not its resident size) increases until swap space is completely
- filled. It is fixed by the combination of patches 1187 (for non-Impact
- graphics) or 1098 (for Impact graphics) and 1255 for IRIX 5.3.
-
- You might also add the following to /usr/bin/X11/X before the lines
- where it starts Xsgi
-
- MALLOC_CONFIG=2:mm_minunmapsrch=0:mm_xf[0].mm_flindx=7:mm_xf[0].mm_szshft=5:mm_xf[1].mm_flindx=2055:mm_xf[1].mm_szshft=8:mm_xf[2].mm_flindx=2065:mm_xf[2].mm_szshft=20:mm_flsearh=30:mm_missthrash=4:mm_nszmult=32
- export MALLOC_CONFIG
-
- (two lines, one beginning with "MALLOC_CONFIG=" and one with
- "export") or restart Xsgi periodically by hand or at each logout as
- described above.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -75- Why does my GL application run slower on newer SGI
- hardware than it did on older SGI hardware?
- Date: 8 Mar 1997 00:00:01 CST
-
- One probable explanation is that your program is using IrisGL
- (sometimes referred to as just "GL") rather than OpenGL. Starting
- with Impact graphics, SGI graphics hardware is optimized for native
- OpenGL. IrisGL calls are executed through an emulation layer known
- as IGLOO, or "IrisGL On OpenGL." This layer of emulation reduces
- performance.
-
- The best solution is to port your program to OpenGL.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -76- MISCELLANEOUS
- Date: 15 May 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- Everything else.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -77- What books about the X Window System and OSF/Motif do
- you recommend?
- Date: 07 May 1993 00:00:01 EST
-
- Introductory Texts on the X Window System
-
- - O'Reilly and Associates Inc., "The Definitive Guides to the X
- Window System", by Valerie Quercia and Tim O'Reilly. Vol. 3, "X
- Window System User's Guide", Sebastopol, CA., 1988, 1989.
-
- Discusses being an end user of the X window system. Covers topics
- like window manages, font specifications, standard X clients and
- resources.
-
- Texts on X Window System Programming
-
- - O'Reilly and Associates, Inc. "The Definitive Guides to the X
- Window System", by Adrian Nye. Vol. 1, "Xlib Programming Manual",
- Sebastopol, CA, 1990.
-
- Contains the introductory elements for programming with the Xlib,
- the lowest level of the X window system. Discusses concepts such
- as X color capacities, windows, events, drawing primitives.
-
- - Young, Douglas A., "X Window Systems Programming and Applications
- with Xt" (OSF/Motif Edition). Prentice Hall. Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
- 1990.
-
- A thorough book starting with the basics of programming with a
- toolkit though advanced topics. Contains source code for several
- small complete applications. (Source code for this book is also
- available on line in the /usr/src directory of the Motif
- Development option.)
-
- - O'Reilly and Associates Inc., "The Definitive Guides to the X
- Window System", by Adrian Nye and Tim O'Reilly. Vol. 4, "X Toolkit
- Intrinsics Programming Manual", Sebastopol, CA., 1990.
-
- Another reference for programming with the OSF/Motif toolkit.
- Covers topics including basic programming, widgets, resources, and
- more advanced topics.
-
- Reference Texts for the X Window System :
-
- - O'Reilly and Associates Inc., "The Definitive Guides to the X
- Window System", by Adrian Nye. Vol. 2, "Xlib Reference Manual",
- Sebastopol, CA., 1988.
-
- Complete reference for Xlib library routines.
-
- - Scheifler, Robert and James Gettys, X Window System, Second
- Edition, Digital Press, 1990. ISBN 1-55558-050-5.
-
- Referred to as "the Bible" of Xlib and X Protocol reference.
-
- Reference Texts for the OSF/Motif Toolkit :
-
- - Open Software Foundation, "OSF/Motif Programmer's Guide". Release
- 1.1, Prentice Hall. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. 1990.
-
- Exhaustive reference of every widget in the OSF/Motif library.
-
- - Asente, Paul J. and Ralph R. Swick. "X Window System Toolkit".
- X Version 11, Release 4. Digital Press. 1990.
-
- Very in-depth reference to the structure and operation of an X
- window system toolkit.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -78- Does the IRIX 5.2 Magic user environment display on an X
- terminal?
- Date: 30 Apr 1994 00:00:01 EST
-
- Joel Tesler <joel@jellotrees.esd.sgi.com> says: Although it is not
- officially supported, it should work in IRIX 5.2 MR (but not in the
- beta release). There are some glitches. You probably don't have to
- set the environment variable _NO_DESKTOP_IMAGES, but try it if you
- have problems. There should be no reason to set _SGI_NO_REMOTE_GL.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -79- What about OpenGL?
- Date: 11 Aug 1995 00:00:01 EST
-
- It has its own newsgroup, comp.graphics.api.opengl, which has an FAQ,
- which is listed in the misc FAQ.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -80- Which SGI machines can run OpenGL now? Which will in the
- future?
- Date: 04 Oct 1995 00:00:01 EST
-
- The version of OpenGL which comes with IRIX 5.3 supports Entry, XS,
- XS24, XZ, XL, Elan, Extreme, VTX, Reality Engine, Reality Engine 2, G
- (on 4D20, 25, 30 and 35s only) TG (as G), VGX, and VGXT graphics.
- There are no plans for ports to any more older systems. See also
- 'relnotes gl_dev 6' under IRIX 5.3.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: -81- What's this about a copyright dispute over virtual desks
- in Indigo Magic?
- Date: 27 Nov 1995 00:00:01 EST
-
- Xerox has a software patent which they claimed covered the virtual
- desks which are part of Indigo Magic. IRIX 5.3 and 6.x include
- licensing code which turned off virtual desks on 15 May 1995. See
- chapter 1 of the desktop_eoe release notes for details.
-
- The dispute has been resolved (we don't know how) and SGI has provided
- a new licensing code which will allow one to use virtual desks until
- 2038. The code and installation instructions are, among other places,
- at ftp://viz.tamu.edu/pub/sgi/software/desktop/overview-license and in
- the May/Jun 1995 Pipeline. Here's the punchline: Edit
- /var/netls/nodelock and replace the line containing the word "Desks"
- (this is the only non-blank line on a clean IRIX 5.3 system) with the
- following two lines:
-
- #:# "Silicon Graphics" Desks A "2038/01/01"
- 546fb4684914.02.c0.1a.3d.52.00.00.00 y49ga6qrewn69tqaq4r6m44g22
-
- (Although the two lines are preceded by spaces here, they should be
- flush left in /var/netls/nodelock.)
-
- OR, if you like, you can get patch 455 from the TAC, which includes an
- 'ov' which doesn't check the license manager at all. Note, however,
- that patch 455 makes 'showfiles -F' fail. We don't yet know why.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- End of sgi/faq/graphics Digest
- ******************************
- --
- The SGI FAQ group <sgi-faq@viz.tamu.edu> http://www-viz.tamu.edu/~sgi-faq/
- Finger us for info on the SGI FAQs, or look in ftp://viz.tamu.edu/pub/sgi/.
-