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- From: jdm@ora.com
- Newsgroups: comp.graphics.misc,comp.answers,news.answers
- Subject: Graphics File Formats FAQ (Part 3 of 4): Where to Get File Format Specifications
- Supersedes: <graphics/fileformats-faq-3-849730784@ora.com>
- Followup-To: poster
- Date: 20 Jan 1997 00:13:08 -0800
- Organization: O'Reilly & Associates, Inc.
- Lines: 4722
- Sender: jdm@ruby.ora.com
- Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.EDU
- Distribution: world
- Expires: 02/24/97 00:13:00
- Message-ID: <graphics/fileformats-faq-3-853747980@ora.com>
- References: <graphics/fileformats-faq-1-853747980@ora.com>
- Reply-To: jdm@ora.com (James D. Murray)
- NNTP-Posting-Host: ruby.ora.com
- Summary: This document answers many of the most frequently asked
- questions about graphics file formats on Usenet.
- Keywords: FAQ, GRAPHICS, FORMAT, IMAGE, MULTIMEDIA, 3D
- Xref: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu comp.graphics.misc:18680 comp.answers:23816 news.answers:92565
-
- Posted-By: auto-faq 3.1.1.2
- Archive-name: graphics/fileformats-faq/part3
- Posting-Frequency: monthly
- Last-modified: 20Jan97
-
- Graphics File Formats FAQ (Part 3 of 4): Where to Get File Format
- Specifications
-
- ------------------------------
-
- This FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) list contains information on
- graphics file formats, including, raster, vector, metafile, Page
- Description Language, 3D object, animation, and multimedia formats.
-
- This FAQ is divided into four parts, each covering a different area of
- graphics file format information:
-
- Graphics File Formats FAQ (Part 1 of 4): General Graphics Format Questions
- Graphics File Formats FAQ (Part 2 of 4): Image Conversion and Display Programs
- Graphics File Formats FAQ (Part 3 of 4): Where to Get File Format Specifications
- Graphics File Formats FAQ (Part 4 of 4): Tips and Tricks of the Trade
-
- Please email contributions, corrections, and suggestions about this FAQ to
- jdm@ora.com. Relevant information posted to newsgroups will not
- automatically make it into this FAQ.
-
- -- James D. Murray
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: 0. Contents of Where to Get File Format Specifications
- Subjects marked with <NEW> are new to this FAQ. Subjects marked with <UPD>
- have been updated since the last release of this FAQ.
-
- I. General questions about this FAQ
-
- 0. Maintainer's Comments
- 1. What's new in this latest FAQ release?
-
- II. Where to Get File Format Specifications
-
- 3DMF - QuickDraw 3D Metafile
- 3DS - Autodesk 3D Studio
- ABF - Adobe Binary Screen Font
- ADI - AutoCAD Device-Independent Binary Plotter Format
- AFM - Adobe Font Metrics File Format
- AI - Adobe Illustrator File Format
- ART - Another Ray Tracer
- Atari ST Graphics File Formats
- AVS - Application Visualization System
- AWD - Microsoft Fax At Work Document
- BDF - Adobe Glyph Bitmap Distribution Format
- BIN - SGI Powerflip
- BMP - Windows Bitmap Format
- BRender
- BRL-CAD - Ballistic Research Laboratory CAD
- BUFR - Binary Universal Form for the Representation of Meteorological Data
- BYU - BYU Movie
- CAD-3D
- CALS - Computer Aided Acquisition and Logistics Support Raster Format
- CAM - Casio Camera
- CCITT - CCITT Group 3 and Group 4 Encoding
- CDF - Common Data Format
- CDF - Cyberspace Description Format
- CDL - CADKey CADL Language
- CGM - Computer Graphics Metafile
- CIF
- CMP - LeadView
- CMU - Carnegie Mellon University Formats
- COB - Calgari trueSpace2 File Format
- CXS
- Cyberware
- DEM - Digital Elevation Model
- DGN - Microstation
- DKB - DKB-Trace
- DLG - Digital Line Graph
- DPX - Digital Moving Picture Exchange
- DRW - Micrografx Designer/Draw Plus Format
- DWB - Coryphaeus Software Designers Workbench
- DWG - Autodesk drawing
- DXF - Autodesk Drawing eXchange Format
- EMF - Microsoft Enhanced Metafile
- ENFF - Extended Neutral File Format
- EPS - Encapsulated PostScript
- FACT
- FBM - Fuzzy Bitmap
- FFIVW - File Format for the Interchange of Virtual Worlds
- FITS - Flexable Image Transport System
- FLASHPIX
- FLT - MultiGen Flight
- GDS - McDonnell-Douglas Things
- GFO - SGI Radiosity
- GIF - Graphics Interchange Format
- GKS - Graphics Kernel System
- GrADS - Metafile
- GRASP - Graphical System for Presentation
- GRIB - Gridded Binary
- HDF - Hierarchical Data Format
- HDS - Hierarchical Data System
- HPGL - Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language
- HPPCL - Hewlett-Packard Printer Control Language
- HRF - Hitachi Raster Format
- IFF - Electronic Arts Interchange File Format
- IGES - Initial Graphics Exchange Specification
- IM - Performer
- IMA - Zenographics Mirage Graphics File Format
- IMJ - Image JPEG
- INGR - Intergraph Raster File Format
- IRTP - Graphicon-2000 Interactive Real-Time PHIGS
- IV - SGI Inventor
- IV-VRML - Inventor VRML Format
- JBIG - Joint Bilevel Image Group
- JCAMP
- JFIF - JPEG File Interchange Format
- LSA/LSB - Lightscape Technologies ASCII and Binary
- LWOB - Lightwave Object Format
- MedFileS
- MGF - Materials and Geometry Format
- MIFF - Magick Image File Format
- MNG - Multiple Network Graphics
- MSDL - Manchester Scene Description Language
- MTL - Wavefront
- NAPLPS - North American Presentation Layer Protocol Syntax
- netCDF - Network Common Data Format
- NFF - Haines Neutral File Format
- NFF - WorldToolKit Neutral File Format
- NITF - National Imagery Transmission Format
- OBJ - Wavefront Object
- ODIF - Open Document Interchange Format
- ODL - Object Description Language
- OFF - Object File Format
- OpenMath
- PBM - Portable Bitmap
- PCX - ZSoft Paint
- PDF - Portable Document Format
- PDS - Planetary Data System Format
- PGM - Portable Greymap
- PHD - PolyHedra Database
- PIC - Lotus PIC Graphics Format
- PIC - Micrografx Draw! Graphics Format
- PIC - Pegasus Imaging Corporation Format
- PIC - Video Show Graphics Format
- PICT - Macintosh Picture
- PIX - Inset Pix
- PLY - ZipPack
- PNG - Portable Network Graphics
- PPM - Portable Pixmap
- POL - InnovMetric Software Polygon Models Format
- POV - Persistence of Vision Raytracing
- PS - PostScript
- PSD - Adobe Photoshop
- PTU - Performer Terrain Utilities
- QT - QuickTime
- QTVR - QuickTime VR
- RAD - Radience
- RAS - Sun Rasterfile
- RAW - Photoshop RAW
- RAY - Rayshade
- RFT-DCA - Revisable-Form Text Document Content Architecture
- RIB - Renderman Interface Bytestream
- RIFF - Microsoft Resource Interchange File Format
- RIX - ColoRIX Image File
- RTF - Rich Text Format
- RWX - MEME Shape File
- RWX - Criterion RenderWare
- S1K - S1000 Simnet Format
- SAF - Standard Archive Format
- SAIF - Spatial Archive Interchange Format
- SAT - ACIS
- Scene
- Scitex HandShake Formats
- SCN - SCeNe RTrace
- SDL - Alias Wavefront Scene Description Language
- SDML - Spacial Data Modeling Language
- SDTS - Spatial Data Transfer Standard
- SFF - Scene File Format
- SGI - Silicon Graphics Image File Format
- SHG - Segmented Hyper-Graphic
- Softimage
- SPIFF - Still Picture Interchange File Format
- STL - Stereolithography Interface Format
- TDDD - Imagine Object File Format
- TGA - Truevision (Targa) File Format
- TIFF - Tag Image File Format
- TRIF - Tiled Raster Interchange Format
- TTF - TrueType Font
- Type 42 Font Format
- URT - Utah Raster Toolkit
- VCA - Visual Clip Art
- VICAR - Video Image Communication and Retrieval
- VIFF - Visualization Image File Format
- VIT - VITec Scanner Raster Format
- VPF - Vector Product Format
- VRML - Virtual Reality Modeling Language
- WebOOGL - Web Object Oriented Graphics Library
- WMF - Windows Meta File
- WPG - WordPerfect Graphics Metafile
- X3D - x3d and xdart Formats
- XBM - X BitMap
- XOF - RenderMorphics
- XPM - X PixMap
- WSQ - Wavelet-packet Scalar Quantization Format
- XWD - X Window Dump
-
- III. Document Sources
-
- 0. U.S. Government and Military Standards Sources
- 1. International Standards Document Sources
- 2. Commercial Document Sources
- 3. Other Standards Sources
-
- IV. Kudos and Assertions
-
- 0. Acknowledgments
- 1. About The Author
- 2. Disclaimer
- 3. Copyright Notice
-
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: I. General questions about this FAQ
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: 0. Maintainer's Comments
-
- One of the reasons you are looking through this FAQ collection is most
- likely to locate the specification for one or more graphics file formats.
- That assumption on my part makes this file one of the most important parts
- of the Graphics File Formats FAQ collection. I therefore wish to make this
- section as complete as possible.
-
- If you have any suggestions for formats to include then please email me at
- jdm@ora.com and let me know!
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: 1. What's new in this latest FAQ release?
-
- o Many URLs updated
- o Updated MNG and PNG (thanks Tom)
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: II. Where to Get File Format Specifications
-
- This section contains an alphabetical listing of file formats, the
- names of the creators/caretakers, and where to obtain the official
- specifications, and a brief description of each format.
-
- If you are searching for detailed information on the internals of a
- file format, then I suggest you check out the resources listed here,
- and have a look at the books and journals articles listed in Part 1
- of this FAQ.
-
- Each format section contains a common header that is a quick reference to
- the file format.
-
- Type: Bitmap, Vector, Metafile, 3D, VRML, general data, PDL, multimedia
- Extension: File extension(s) or type
- Version: Latest version number
- Compression: All supported compression methods
- Color Depth: Pixel depth and maximum number of colors supported
- Maintainer: Who created and/or maintains the format
- Specification: Where to get a copy of the format
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: 3DMF - QuickDraw 3D Metafile
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: 3DMF
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Apple Computer
- Specification: http://product.info.apple.com/qd3d/3DMFspec.HTML
- http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/files/3DMF.pdf
-
- Apple's 3D Metafile is a format used for the storage and interchange of
- 3D data.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: 3DS - Autodesk 3D Studio
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: 3ds
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Autodesk
- Specification: http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_3ds.html
- http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_3DS_details.html
- http://homepage.eznet.net/~frac/3dsform.txt
-
- 3DS is the native file format of Autodesk's 3D Studio program.
- 3D Studio is an interactive 3D modeling, rendering and animation
- package from the makers of AutoCAD. 3DStudio runs under MS-DOS
- and is used to create three-dimensional, photo-realistic images
- for a variety of applications.
-
- You can find Autodesk's home page and ftp site at:
- http://www.autodesk.com/
- ftp://ftp.autodesk.com/
-
- Other 3D Studio Web pages include:
-
- http://homepage.eznet.net/~frac/3ds.html
- FRiC's 3D Studio Web Page
-
- http://www.armory.com/~gandalf/3dsfaq.html
- 3DS Interactive FAQ
-
- http://www.det.mun.ca/staff/gporter/3dsfaq.htm
- 3D Studio FAQ
-
- And other 3D Studio information can be found on the
- comp.graphics.packages.3dstudio Usenet newsgroup.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: ABF - Adobe Binary Screen Font
-
- Type: bitmap font
- Extension: abf
- Version: 2.0
- Compression: None
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Adobe Systems
- Specification: http://www.adobe.com/supportservice/devrelations/PDFS/TN/5006.ABF_Spec.pdf
-
- ABF is Adobe Systems' binary screen font format. ABF is, in fact, the binary
- version of the Adobe's ASCII-based Glyph Bitmap Distribution Format (BDF).
- Each ABF file is a sequence of 8-, 16-, or 32-bit words in either big- or
- little-endian order. Each file stores information for one font.
-
- The specification for the ABF format is:
-
- Adobe Binary Screen Font Files Specification (Version 2.0),
- Adobe Developer Support, 31 March 1992, P/N LPS5006.
-
- This document available via FTP as a Tech Note in PostScript format,
- or as hardcopy when obtained directly from Adobe (see the PostScript
- section for information on how to contact Adobe Systems, Inc.).
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: ADI - AutoCAD Device-Independent Binary Plotter Format
-
- Type: Vector
- Extension: adi
- Version:
- Compression: None
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Autodesk
- Specification:
-
- ADI is a plotter file format generated by AutoCAD. They are rendered as
- monochome bitmaps when viewed on a display. Information on ADI may be found
- in the AutoCAD Installation and Performance Guide.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: AFM - Adobe Font Metrics File Format
-
- Type: font metric
- Extension: afm
- Version: 4.0
- Compression: None
- Color Depth: N/A
- Maintainer: Adobe Systems
- Specification: ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/DeveloperSupport/TechNotes/PSfiles/5004.AFM_Spec.ps
-
- AFM is Adobe's ASCII-based file format used for storing font metric data as
- human-readable data. AFM is the standard Adobe font file format.
-
- This format is also known as the Adobe Multiple Font Metrics (AMFM) and
- Adobe Composite Font Metrics (ACFM) file formats. In fact, AFM, AMFM, and
- ACFM are actually three variations of the same format. AFM files contain
- base or composite font information. One AFM file is used per master design
- of a font. AMFM files store control and global font information for a
- group of AFM files. And ACFM files contain the global metrics of the
- composite font program.
-
- The specification for the AFM format is:
-
- Adobe Font Metrics File Format Specification (Version 4.0),
- Adobe Developer Support, 14 February 1992, P/N LPS5004.
-
- This document available via FTP as a Tech Note in PostScript format, or as
- hardcopy when obtained directly from Adobe (see the PostScript section for
- information on how to contact Adobe Systems, Inc.).
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: AI - Adobe Illustrator File Format
-
- Type: Metafile
- Extension: ai
- Version: 3.0
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Adobe Systems
- Specification: http://www.adobe.com/supportservice/devrelations/PDFS/TN/5007.AI_Spec_v3.0_Draft.pdf
-
- Native file format of Adobe Illustrator. AI is actually a varitaion of the
- Adobe Encapsulated PostScirpt (EPS) format.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: ART - Another Ray Tracer
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: art
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Tom Wilson <twilson@sunny5.dab.ge.com>
- Specification:
-
- Native file format of the RAT (Another Ray Tracer) ray tracing package
- included with the VORT ray tracing package.
-
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: Atari ST Graphics File Formats
-
- Type: Bitmap and animation
- Extension: .ANI, .ANM, .CE?, .FLM, .NEO, .PAC, .PC?,
- .PI?, .RGB, .SEQ, .TNY, .TN?, .UC?
- Version: Variuos
- Compression: None, RLE
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- The primary graphics file format of the Atari ST system is the
- Electronic Arts Interchange File Format (IFF). However, a collection
- of poorly documented image file formats native to the Atari ST
- computer do exist as well. These formats are used primarily for
- storing still-images, animations, and screen dumps.
-
- The Computer Eyes Raw Data Format (.CE1, .CE2), Imagic File/Picture
- Format (.IC1, .IC2, .IC3), NEOchrome Format (.NEO), RGB Intermediate
- Format (.RGB), STAD Format (.PAC), Tiny Format (.TNY, .TN1, .TN2,
- .TN3) are bitmap file formats. The Animatic File Format (.ANM), Cyber
- Paint Sequence Format (.SEQ), DEGAS Format (.PI1, PI2, .PI3, .PC1,
- .PC2, .PC3), and NEOchrome Animation Format (.ANI) are animation file
- formats.
-
- There seems to be no official documentation for most of these
- formats. The document, "Atari ST Picture Formats", by David M.
- Baggett <dmb@ai.mit.edu> does seem to be the definitive reference.
- You can find it at:
-
- ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/.../picfmts.doc
-
- You may also find information on Atari ST formats on the
- comp.sys.atari.st Usenet newsgroup, and on the following Web sites:
-
- Dan's Atari ST Web Pages
- http://newton.ex.ac.uk/general/ug/jones/
-
- Atari ST FAQ
- http://www.smartpages.com/faqs/csas-faq/top.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: AVS - Application Visualization System
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- AVS is a package that allows non-programmers to build visualization
- applications for scientific and engineering problem solving.
- Have a look at the Introduction to AVS page at http://www.bion.kth.se/~pgr/AVS/howToStart.html
-
- The AVS home page and FTP site may be found at:
-
- http://iac.ncsc.org/
- ftp://avs.ncsc.org/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: AWD - Microsoft Fax At Work Document
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: AWD
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Microsoft Corporation
- Specification:
-
- AWD is an OLE compound object file that stores bilevel facsimile data.
- The compression algorithm used by AWD is not published, but it is based
- on CCITT Group 4. The format of OLE compound object files also seems not
- to be published, but there much OLE information available:
-
- http://www.microsoft.com/oledev/oleocx/ole11.htm
- OLE Control and Control Container Guidelines, Version 1.1
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: BDF - Adobe Glyph Bitmap Distribution Format
-
- Type: Bitmap font
- Extension: bdf
- Version: 2.2
- Compression: None
- Color Depth: 1-bit
- Maintainer: Adobe Systems
- Specification: ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/DeveloperSupport/TechNotes/PSfiles/5005.BDF_Spec.ps
-
- BDF is an ASCII-based file format used to store Adobe screen fonts as
- human-readable data. The BDF sister format, ABF, stores the same font data
- using a binary format.
-
- This format was previously known as the Character Bitmap Distribution
- Format, but was renamed to the Glyph Bitmap Distribution Format to bring
- the format's name into agreement with current industry terminology.
-
- The specification for the BDF format is:
-
- Glyph Bitmap Distribution Format (BDF) Specification (Version 2.2),
- Adobe Developer Support, 22 March 1993, P/N LPS5005.
-
- This document available via FTP as a Tech Note in PostScript format, or as
- hardcopy when obtained directly from Adobe (see the PostScript section for
- information on how to contact Adobe Systems, Inc.).
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: BIN - SGI Powerflip
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: BMP - Windows Bitmap Format
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: BMP
- Version:
- Compression: RLE
- Color Depth: 1- to 24-bit
- Maintainer: Microsoft Corporation
- Specification:
-
- BMP is the native bitmap file format of the Microsoft Windows environment.
- It efficiently stores mapped or unmapped RGB graphics data with pixels 1-,
- 4-, 8-, or 24-bits in size. Data may be stored raw or compressed using a
- 4-bit or 8-bit RLE data compression algorithm. BMP is an excellent choice
- for a simple bitmap format which supports a wide range of RGB image data.
-
- There is not single document that is the official "BMP Format Specification".
- Instead, BMP information is spread over several programming references. You
- can search the Microsoft Developers Network CD-ROMs and the Microsoft Knowledge
- Base (available at ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/ and http://www.microsoft.com/), but your
- best source of BMP information lies outside of Microsoft and within the following
- references:
-
- Inside Windows File Formats, Tom Swan, Sams Publishing 1993.
- ISBN 0-672-30338-8 $24.95 softcover, 337 pages and 1 disk (3.5 in.).
- Order: Sams Publishing, 2201 West 103rd Street, Indianapolis,
- IN 46290
-
- Luse, Marv. "The BMP File Format," Dr. Dobb's Journal, #219 September
- 1994 (Vol 9, Issue 10), pp. 18-22.
-
- The BMP File Format: Part I, Dr. Dobb's Journal, David Charlap, #228
- March 1995 (Vol. 20, Issue 3).
-
- The BMP File Format: Part II, Dr. Dobb's Journal, David Charlap, #229
- April 1995 (Vol. 20, Issue 4).
-
- The code for the above issues are available at:
-
- ftp://ftp.mv.com/pub/ddj/1994/1994.09/bmp.zip
- ftp://ftp.mv.com/pub/ddj/1995/1995.03/bmp.zip
-
- Also have a look at:
-
- http://www.r2m.com/windev/
- Internet Resources for Windows Developers
-
- And look in the OS/2 Developer Connection SDK for OS/2 BMP information.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: BRender
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: BRL-CAD - Ballistic Research Laboratory CAD
-
- Type: Bitmap, 3D, and general data
- Extension: .pix, .bw
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- The BRL-CAD Package is a powerful Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) based
- solid modeling system. BRL-CAD consists of over 100 different programs,
- including an interactive geometry editor, a ray tracing library, two
- ray-tracing based lighting models, a generic framebuffer library, a
- network-distributed image-processing and signal-processing capability,
- and a large collection of related tools and utilities. Release 4.0 is the
- latest version of software which has been undergoing continuous development
- since 1979.
-
- The BRL-CAD documentation is distributed in five volumes:
-
- Volue I The BRL-CAD Philosophy
- Volue II The BRL-CAD User's Manual
- Volue III The BRL-CAD Applications Manual
- Volue IV The MGED User's Manual
- Volue V The BRL-CAD Analyst's Manual
-
- To obtain a copy of this documentation, contact:
-
- BRL-CAD Distribution
- Attn: SCLBR-LV-V
- Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005-5066
- Email: keith@brl.mil
-
- For general information about BRL-CAD, contact:
-
- BRL-CAD Architect
- Attn: Mike Muuss
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory
- Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005-5068
- Email: mike@brl.mil
-
- Additional BRL-CAD information may be found at:
-
- BRL-CAD Home Page
- http://web.arl.mil/software/brlcad/index.html
-
- BRL-CAD Technical Reports
- http://web.arl.mil/reports/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: BUFR - Binary Universal Form for the Representation of Meteorological Data
-
- Type: General data
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: World Meteorological Organization
- Specification:
-
- BUFR is a data format used to store quantiative meteorological data.
- BUFR is described in the documents:
-
- Guide to the WMO Code Form FM 94-IX EXT. BUFR, W. Thorpe, Fleet Numerical
- Oceanography Center, Monterey, California.
-
- Standard Formats for Weather Data Exchange Among Automated Weather
- Information Systems, Document Number FCM-S2-1990.
-
- Documents and information on BUFR are available from:
-
- U.S. Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric
- Administration (NOAA)
- Attn: Ms. Lena Loman
- Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and
- Supporting Research (OFCM)
- 6010 Executive Blvd, Suite 900
- Rockville, MD 20852
- Voice: 301.443.8704
-
- U.S. Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric
- Administration (NOAA)
- Attn: Dr. John D. Stackpole
- Chief, Production Management Branch, Automation Division
- National Meteorological Center
- WINMC42, Room 307, WWB
- 5200 Auth Road
- Camp Springs, MD 20746
- Voice: 301.763.8115
- Fax: 301.763.8381
- Email: jstack@sun1.wwb.noaa.gov
-
- BUFR, the WMO standard for point data
- http://dao.gsfc.nasa.gov/data_stuff/formatPages/BUFR.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: BYU - BYU Movie
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: byu
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: http://www.cica.indiana.edu/graphics/object_specs/BYU.format.txt
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: CAD-3D
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: 3d, 3d2, 3d4
- Version: 2.0
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_3d2.html
- http://www.cica.indiana.edu/graphics/object_specs/3D2.format.txt
-
- CAD-3D 2.0 stores 3D objects using the 3D, 3D2, or 3D4 file formats. Each format
- can store up to 40 objects and contains all information about the objects,
- including the lighting and color palette.
-
- CAD-3D files are similar to the older file format, but they no longer require
- the Motorola Fast Floating Point library (LIBF) for the storage of vertex
- coordinates. Thia new version stores each coordinate in a two-byte word instead
- of a four-byte floating-point value, saving a considerable amount of storage,
- and making the file more easily usable by programs written with different
- floating-point formats.
-
- For more information on CAD-3D, contact Antic Software:
-
- Antic Software
- Product Development Department
- 544 Second Street
- San Franscico, CA 94107
- Voice: +1 415.957.0886
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: CALS - Computer Aided Acquisition and Logistics Support Raster Format
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: .cal
- Version:
- Compression: CCITT Group 4 (MMR)
- Color Depth: 1-bit
- Maintainer: CALS Management Support Office (DCLSO)
- Specification:
-
- CALS files are used for document imaging and therefore only store
- black-and-white, 1-bit image data. CALS Type I files only store a single
- image per file and the data is always compressed using the CCITT Group 4
- encoding algorithm. CALS Type II files may stored multiple images per file,
- the image data may be tiled, and tiles stored as raw data or as data
- compressed using CCITT Group 4 encoding.
-
- The CALS raster file format is defined primarily in the following
- military standards documents:
-
- MIL-STD-1840A, Automated Interchange of Technical Information
- MIL-R-28002A, Requirements for Raster Graphics Representation
- in Binary Format
-
- The CALS raster file format is supported through the CALS office of the
- United States Department of Defense:
-
- CALS Management Support Office (DCLSO)
- Office of the Assistant Director for Telecommunications andInformation Systems
- Headquarters Defense Logistics Agency
- Cameron Station
- Alexandria, VA 22314 USA
-
- The CALS Home Page
- http://www.acq.osd.mil/cals/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: CAM - Casio Camera
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: .cam
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Casio
- Specification: Not available
-
- CAM is the native bitmap format of the Casio QV series digital camera
- software. The CAM format specification is not published, but Photoshop
- plug-ins and a TWAIN toolkit for CAM are available, as is a developmant kit
- for Visual Basic and Visial C++ applications. Email Scott Nelson at
- SNELSON921@aol.com for more information on the toolkits. Visit the Casio
- home page at http://www.casio.com/ for more information on their QV-10 and
- QV-30 digital cameras.
-
- You can find a description of the CAM file internals at:
-
- http://www.st.rim.or.jp/~with/QV10/index_e.html
-
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: CCITT - CCITT Group 3 and Group 4 Encoding
-
- Type: Data encoding format
- Extension: .g3, .g4, .cit
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth: Bilevel
- Maintainer: http://www.itu.ch/
- Specification:
-
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: CDF - Common Data Format
-
- Type: General data
- Extension: CDF
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- CDF is a scientific data management package (known as the "CDF Library")
- developed by the National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC). CDF allows
- application programmers to manage and manipulate scalar, vector, and
- multi-dimensional data arrays. The CDF file format is transparently utilized
- and made accessible to the through a consistent set of interface routines
- known as the "CDF Interface".
-
- http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cdf/cdf_home.html
- The Common Data Format Home Page
-
- http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/about/about_nssdc.html
- National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC)
-
- You can download the CDF software distribution from:
- ftp://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/cdf/dist/cdf25/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: CDF - Cyberspace Description Format
-
- Type: VRML
- Extension: CDF
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Carl Tollander <carlt@autodesk.com>
- Specification: http://vrml.wired.com/proposals/cdf/cdf.html
-
- CDF is an ASCII-based format used for describing cyberspace decks and
- virtual worlds. This format provides a standard framework that is used to
- store, retrieve, modify, and exchange descriptions of cyberspace objects;
- including object initialization, state, and scheduling, and cyberspase
- simulation.
-
- CDF is based on the CDF format described in Autodesk's Cyberspace
- Development Kit. Autodesk's CDF is a closed format used to support a
- proprietary deveoper's tool, while the proposed CDF format is an open
- format intended to be accepted as an industry standard.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: CDL - CADKey CADL Language
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Cadkey Inc.
- Specification:
-
- Contact Cadkey at:
-
- Cadkey Inc.
- 4 Griffin Road
- Windsor, CT 06095-1511 USA
- Voice: 203.298.8888
- Voice: 800.394.2231
- Fax: 203.298.6590
- Email: info@cadkey.com
- WWW: http://www.cadkey.com/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: CGM - Computer Graphics Metafile
-
- Type: Metafile
- Extension: CGM
- Version:
- Compression: None
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: ANSI, ISO, IEC, DOD, NIST
- Specification:
-
- The current version of the CGM ANSI/ISO standard (commonly called
- CGM:1992) is:
-
- Information Processing Systems--Computer Graphics Metafile for the
- Storage and Transfer of Picture Description Information,
- ANSI/ISO 8632-1992.
-
- This standard superseded the early CGM:1986 (ANSI X3.122-1986) ANSI
- standard. The CGM standard is contained in four ISO standards documents:
-
- ISO/IEC 8632-1:1992 Part 1: Functional Specification
- ISO/IEC 8632-3:1992 Part 2: Character Encoding
- ISO/IEC 8632-3:1992 Part 3: Binary Encoding
- ISO/IEC 8632-4:1992 Part 4: Clear Text Encoding
-
- These documents may be obtained from the following organizations:
-
- International Standards Organization (ISO)
- 1 rue de Varembe
- Case Postal 56
- CH-1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland
- Voice: +41 22 749 01 11
- Fax: +41 22 733 34 30
-
- American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
- Sales Department
- 11 West 42nd Street
- New York, NY 10036
- Voice: 212.642.4900
-
- Canadian Standards Association (CSA)
- Sales Group
- 178 Rexdale Blvd.
- Rexdale, Ontario, M9W 1R3
- Voice: 416.747.444
-
- And here are a few CGM Web pages:
-
- MIL-STD-2301, CGM Implementation Standard for the NIST Format Standard
- http://www.tasc.com/nitfs/NITFS_docs.html
-
- CGM Home Page at NIST
- http://speckle.ncsl.nist.gov/~lsr/cgm.htm
-
- Overview of CGM Standards
- http://speckle.ncsl.nist.gov/~lst/cgm_std.htm
-
- The Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM)
- http://www.agocg.ac.uk:8080/agocg/CGM.html
-
- A freely available C library for creating CGM files is available at:
-
- http://speckle.ncsl.nist.gov/~lorax/cgm/cd.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: CIF
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: CMP - LeadView
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: CMP
- Version:
- Compression: LEAD CMP compression (proprietary)
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: LEAD Technologies
- Specification: Not available
-
- LEAD Technologies
- Technical Support Department
- Voice: 704.372.9681
- Fax: 704.332.5868
- BBS: 704.334.9045
- Email: support@leadtools.com
- WWW: http://www.leadtools.com/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: CMU - Carnegie Mellon University Formats
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: COB - Calgari trueSpace2 File Format
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: COB, SCN
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/files/calgari.pdf
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: CXS
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: Cyberware
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Cyberware
- Specification:
-
- Contact Cyberware at:
-
- Cyberware Inc.
- 2110 Del Monte Avenue
- Montery, CA 93940 USA
- Voice: 408.657.1450
- Fax: 408.657.1494
- Email: sales@cyberware.com
- WWW: http://www.cyberware.com/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: DEM - Digital Elevation Model
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
- Specification:
-
- The format of DEM map files is described in the publication:
-
- Data Users Guide 5 - Digital Elevation Models
-
- and is available for $1.00 US from:
-
- Earth Science Information Center (ESIC)
- U. S. Geological Survey
- 507 National Center
- Reston, VA 22092 USA
- Voice: 1.800.USA.MAPS
- Voice: 703.860.645
-
- The Andrew Consortium
- http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/atk-ftp/web/andrew-home.html
-
- http://edcwww.cr.usgs.gov/glis/hyper/guide/1_dgr_dem
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: DGN - Microstation
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: DKB - DKB-Trace
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: dkb
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: DLG - Digital Line Graph
-
- Type: Vector
- Extension: dlg
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
- Specification:
-
- DLG is used by USGS to store geographical data. Documentation on this
- format is available at:
-
- ftp://spectrum.xerox.com/depts/markc/demtools/demwork/dlg/doc/dlgguide.txt.Z>.
-
- The format of DLG graph files is described in the publications:
-
- Data Users Guide 1 - Digital Line Graphs from 1:24,000-Scale Maps
- Data Users Guide 2 - Digital Line Graphs from 1:100,000-Scale Maps
- Data Users Guide 3 - Digital Line Graphs from 1:2,000,000-Scale Maps
-
- and each is available for $2.00 US from:
-
- Earth Science Information Center (ESIC)
- U. S. Geological Survey
- 507 National Center
- Reston, VA 22092 USA
- Voice: 1.800.USA.MAPS
- Voice: 703.860.645
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: DPX - Digital Moving Picture Exchange
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: dpx, cin
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: SMPTE <http://www.smpte.org/>
- Specification:
-
- DPX is the SMPTE (Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)
- standard file format for Digital Moving Picture Exchange. DPX is, in fact,
- the Kodak Cineon raster file format with just a few slight modifications to
- the file's header.
-
- The DPX specification is referred to as the ANSI/SMPTE 268M-1994 Standard
- (dated: 18 February 1994) and is available directly from SMPTE:
-
- The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
- 595 W. Hartsdale Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10607 USA
- Voice: 914.761.1100
- Fax: 914.761.3115
- Web: http://www.smpte.org/
-
- You can find a complete listng of all SMPTE standards at
- http://www.smpte.org/stds/stscope.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: DRW - Micrografx Designer/Draw Plus Format
-
- Type: Vector
- Extension: DRW
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Micrografx
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: DWB - Coryphaeus Software Designers Workbench
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
-
- Contact Coryphaeus at:
-
- Coryphaeus
- 985 University Avenue
- Suite 31
- Los Gatos, CA 95030 USA
- Voice: 408.395.4537
- Fax: 408.395.6351
- Email: sales@coryphaeus.com
- WWW: http://www.coryphaeus.com/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: DWG - Autodesk drawing
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Autodesk
- Specification:
-
- http://www.kovac.com/software/index.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: DXF - Autodesk Drawing eXchange Format
-
- Type: Vector and 3D
- Extension: DXF
- Version:
- Compression: None
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Autodesk
- Specification:
-
- The AutoCAD DXF (Drawing eXchange Format) and AutoCAD DXB (Drawing eXhange
- Binary) formats are the native vector file formats of Autodesk's AutoCAD
- CAD application.
-
- DXF is probably one of the most widely supported vector formats in the
- world today. DXF is rich in features, including: support for 3D objects,
- curves, text, associative dimensioning, and is an easy format to parse.
- The DXB format is a binary representation of a DXF file and they are
- usually smaller and faster to load than the equivalent DXF file.
-
- The latest "official" DXF revision is Release 12. However, there is an
- even newer version of DXF containing several changes and additions to the
- format. Apparently the specification of the latest version of the DXF
- format is not yet (if it will ever be) freely available. Users are
- required to pay $4000US for a license to AutoCAD in to obtain the specs
- for this newest release of DXF file format.
-
- The official specification for DXF R12 may be found in the AutoCAD Manual
- Release 12:
-
- AutoCAD Customization Manual, Release 12, Autodesk Inc., 1992, pp. 241-81.
-
- The specification for DXF R12 has also been released in electonic form and
- is available in several of the Internet file format archives, such as:
-
- ftp://avalon.vislab.navy.mil/pub/format_specs/dxf_r12.txt.Z
- http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_dxf12.html
-
- The spec for the most current version, DXF R13, is available at:
-
- ftp://ftp.synapse.net/private/c/cadsyst/misc/r13dxf.zip
-
- And an excerpt of the DXF R10 specification may be found at:
-
- http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_dxf10.html
-
- Many books detail the DXF format, including:
-
- The AutoCAD Database Book, F.H. Jones and L. Martin, Ventana Press,
- ISBN 0-940087-04-9. Order: 919.490.0062 voice.
-
- AutoCAD, The Complete Reference, 2nd Ed., Johnson, N., McGraw-Hill,
- New York, NY, 1991.
-
- Additonal information may be obtained directly from Autodesk:
-
- Autodesk Inc.
- Autodesk Developer Marketing
- 2320 Marinship Way
- Sausalito, CA 94965
- Voice: 415.491.8719
- FTP: ftp://ftp.autodesk.com/
- WWW: http://www.autodesk.com/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: EMF - Microsoft Enhanced Metafile
-
- Type: Metafile
- Extension: EMF
- Version:
- Compression: None
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Microsoft Corporation
- Specification:
-
- The next generation Windows Metafile. EMF files are not supported by
- the 16-bit Windows and OLE environments.
-
- http://www.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/ENMETA.EXE
- This archive contains sample Windows code to manipulate EMF files.
- Two sample EMF files are included.
-
- http://www.microsoft.com/developr/MSDN/OctCD/EMFDCO.ZIP
- This archive contains the Windows source code for the EMF
- decoding utility.
-
- http://www.microsoft.com/developr/MSDN/OctCD/ENHMET.ZIP
- This archive contains the ENHMETA.HLP help file that describes
- the EMF file format.
-
- Also have a look at:
-
- http://www.microsoft.com/kb/developr/win32dk/q145999.htm
- Q145999 "SAMPLE: How to Create & Play Enhanced Metafiles in Win32"
-
- http://www.gentech.com/emf/win95emf.html
- Enhanced Metafile Test Suite
-
- http://www.r2m.com/windev/
- Internet Resources for Windows Developers
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: ENFF - Extended Neutral File Format
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: EPS - Encapsulated PostScript
-
- Type: Metafile
- Extension: EPS
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: http://www.adobe.com/supportservice/devrelations/PDFS/TN/5002.EPSF_Spec_v2.0.pdf
-
- The PostScript Language Software Development Kit is available from the
- creator of PostScript, Adobe Systems:
-
- Adobe Systems Inc.
- Attn: Adobe Systems Developer Support
- 1585 Charleston Road
- P.O. Box 7900
- Mountain View, CA 94039-7900
- Voice: 415.961.7900
- Voice: 800.344.8335
- Fax: 415.961.3769
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: FACT
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: FBM - Fuzzy Bitmap
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- FBM is the native file format of the Fuzzy pixmap image manipulation and
- conversion toolkit written by Michael L. Mauldin at Carnegie Mellon
- University.
-
- Code to manipulate FBM (and many other) file formats is found in the
- FBM distrbution:
-
- ftp://nl.cs.cmu.edu/usr/mlm/ftp/fbm.tar.Z
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: FFIVW - File Format for the Interchange of Virtual Worlds
-
- Type: VRML
- Extension: ffivw
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Bernie Roehl <broehl@waterloo.ca>
- Kerry Bonin <74367.1630@compuserve.com>
- Specification: http://vrml.wired.com/proposals/ffivw.html
-
- FFIVM is an ASCII-based, object-oriented format used to describe virtual
- objects and worlds. This format is not intended to be a native file format
- of any hardware or software platform, but instead to be used as an
- interchange medium used for converting one VRML format to another.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: FITS - Flexable Image Transport System
-
- Type: General data format
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- FITS is a standard data interchange and archival format used by
- astronomy software. The FITS data format specification is part of the
- NOST Standard and Uer's Guide, available from:
-
- ftp://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/fits/
-
- Other FITS resources include:
-
- FITS Support Office Home Page
- http://www.gsfc.nasa.gov/astro/fits/fits_home.html
-
- Displaying FITS Images
- http://astrosun.tn.cornell.edu/FITS.html
-
- http://fits.cv.nrao.edu/
- ftp://fits.cv.nrao.edu/fits>
-
- FITS discussions also occur on the sci.data.formats and
- sci.astro.fits Usenet newsgroups. Questions about FITS may also be
- directed to fits@nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: FLASHPIX
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression: JPEG
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Kodak http://www.kodak.com/
- Specification:
-
- FLASHPIX is Kodak's latest "will do everything you will ever need" graphical
- file format. It is based on the Microsoft OLE Structured Storage format that
- all of Microsoft's newer data files use. The file format will be officially
- released by Kodak in late September 1996 in cooperation with Microsoft,
- Hewlett-Packard, and Live Picture.
-
- You can get a marketing-oriented whitepaper that contains a very simple
- techinical overview of the FLASHPIX format at:
-
- http://www.kodak.com/aboutKodak/cmo/drg/productsTechnologies/niftyTech.shtml
-
- A two-page write up of FLASHPIX also appears in Photo Electronic Imaging
- Magazine (Vol. 29, No. 7, 1996, pp. 18,22).
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: FLT - MultiGen Flight
-
- Type:
- Extension: flt
- Version: 14.2.4 Rev A
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/files/opnflt.pdf
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: GDS - McDonnell-Douglas Things
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: GFO - SGI Radiosity
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: GIF - Graphics Interchange Format
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: GIF
- Version: 87a, 89a
- Compression: LZW
- Color Depth: 8-bit
- Maintainer: Compuserve
- Specification: ftp://ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu:/misc/file.formats/graphics.formats/gif87a.doc
- ftp://ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu:/misc/file.formats/graphics.formats/gif89a.doc
-
- GIF is a data stream-oriented file format used to define the transmission
- protocol of LZW-encoded bitmap data. GIF images may be up to eight bits
- (256 colors) in depth and are always compressed. Despite the fact that GIF
- supports only 8-bits worth of colors, and the multimedia extensions
- introduced in the 89a release have not been widely utilized, GIF still
- remains a popular choice for storing lower resolution image data.
-
- The GIF89a specification is available via many BBSs and on-line information
- services. You may also obtain the specification directly from CompuServe:
-
- CompuServe Incorporated
- Attn: Graphics Technology Department
- 5000 Arlington Center Boulevard
- Columbus, OH 43220
- Voice: 614.457.8600, 800.848.8199
- FTP: ftp://ftp.compuserve.com/
- WWW: http://www.compuserve.com/
-
- Note: Any software created or modified after 01 January 1995 that supports
- the capability of reading and/or writing GIF files must obtain a patent
- license agreement from Unisys Corporation. See Part I of the FAQ for more
- details on the Unisys GIF-LZW license agreements.
-
- Here are a few links specializing in GIF89a animations:
-
- http://www.fastlane.net/~samiel/anim.shtml
- GIF Animation Secrets
-
- http://member.aol.com/royalef/gifanim.htm
- Royal Frazier's GIF Animation on the WWW
-
- http://www.peritas.com/~abw/multigif.html
- MultiGIF GIF89a Animation Utility
-
- http://www.iis.ee.ethz.ch/~kiwi/GIFMerge/
- GIFMerge Utility
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: GKS - Graphics Kernel System
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- GKS is a standard specifying the input and output primitives for displaying
- 2D and 3D graphical data. Although GKS has no native file format, the CGM
- (Computer Graphics Metafile) format is often closely associated with its use.
-
- The following ISO documents describe the GKS standard:
-
- ISO 7942 Functional Specification
- ISO 8651-1 Fortran Binding
- ISO 8651-2 Pascal Binding
- ISO 8651-3 Ada Binding
- ISO 8651-4
- ISO 8805 GKS-3D
- ISO 8806 GKS-3D Bindings
-
- These documents are available from ISO, ANSI, and CSA (see the CGM section
- for the addresses of these organizations).
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: GrADS - GrADS Metafile
-
- Type: Metafile
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- http://grads.iges.org/grads/
- Grid Analysis and Display System
-
- ftp://sprite.llnl.gov/pub/fiorino/grads/doc/grads.www/grads.htm
- GrADS Documentation
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: GRASP - Graphical System for Presentation
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- Paul Mace Software Home Page
- http://www.pmace.com/pms.htm
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: GRIB - Gridded Binary
-
- Type: General data format
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
- Specification:
-
- GRIB is the standard format for the storage and interchange of
- meteorological data. Several "flavors" of GRIB exist, prompting the
- original format to be called WMO GRIB. The format specification and
- software may be found at:
-
- ftp://ncardata.ucar.edu/libraries/grib/
- ftp://nic.fb4.noaa.gov/pub/nws/nmc/docs/gribguide/guide.txt
-
- The specification for the ECMWF GRIB format is at:
-
- ftp://ncardata.ucar.edu/datasets/ds111.2/format
- ftp://ncardata.ucar.edu/datasets/ds111.2/software
-
-
- UW-NMS Home Page
- http://java.meteor.wisc.edu/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: HDF - Hierarchical Data Format
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/files/ncsa_hdf.pdf
-
- HDF is an object-oriented interchange file format used to transport image
- data from one machin architecture or operating system to another with no
- conversion problems or loss of data. Both 8- and 24-bit raster images are
- supported, color palettes, and data compression (RLE, Incomp, and JPEG).
-
- The latest version of HDF is 3.3 and comes with a complete library of
- functions for manipulating HDF files, includeding the netCDF library by
- Unidata.
-
- Information on HDF is available from The HDF Information Server maintained
- by the National Center for Supercomputing Applications:
-
- http://hdf.ncsa.uiuc.edu:8001/
-
- The HDF FAQ is located at:
-
- http://hdf.ncsa.uiuc.edu:8001/HDF-FAQ.html
-
- Other HDF-related Web sites include:
-
- Heirarchial Data Format (HDF)
- http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/Software/HDF/HDFIntro.html
-
- The HDU 3.3 User's Guide in both PostScript and MIF format:
-
- ftp://ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu/HDF/Documentation/HDF3.3/Users_Guide/HDF3
-
- Source code for HDF may be FTPed from:
-
- ftp://ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu/HDF
-
- And HDF-related discussions may also be found on the Usenet newsgroup
- sci.data.formats and in the FAQ for that newsgroup.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: HDS - Hierarchical Data System
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: HPGL - Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language (HP-GL/2)
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: HPPCL - Hewlett-Packard Printer Control Language
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- PCL is capable of rendering both raster and vector graphics.
-
- The official specification and toolkit for PCL is contained in the following
- Hewlett-Packard manuals:
-
- PCL 5 Printer Language Technical Reference Manual
- PCL 5 Developer's Guide, 3rd Edition, Part No. 5002-1847
-
- The technical reference manual contains a complete description of PCL 5. The
- developer's guide contains many software examples illustracting how to
- design PCL-compatable software. These maunals may be obtained directly from
- Hewlett-Packard
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: HRF - Hitachi Raster Format
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: HRF
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth: 1-bit
- Maintainer: Hitachi Corporation
- Specification: Chris Till (Voice: 303.449.3200, Fax: 303.449.1996)
-
- HRF is typcailly used to store scanner output data.
-
- The HRF specification is not available unless a non-disclosure agreement
- is signed with Hitachi.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: IFF - Electronic Arts Interchange File Format
-
- Type: Bitmap, audio, multimedia
- Extension: IFF, LBM, and many more
- Version:
- Compression: Uncompressed, PackBits
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- Electronic Arts Home Page
- http://www.ea.com/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: IGES - Initial Graphics Exchange Specification
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- IGES is a set of protocols for the transfer and display of graphical
- information on remote devices via a telephone or computer communications
- network. IGES does not define any new graphical file formats, but instead
- uses existing formats (such as CGM) to encapsulate graphical data.
-
- IGES is associated with the NCGA (National Computer Graphics Association) and
- is part of the U.S. Product Data Association (USPRO) and the IGES/PDES
- Organization (IGO). The NCGA administers the National IGES User Group (NIUG),
- which provides access to information on IGES.
-
- To obtain the IGES specification, you must be a member of both NIUG and a
- Regional Interest Group (RIG). The IGES specification is available through
- the NCGA for $100US. For more information about the NIUG, RIGs, and IGES,
- contact:
-
- National Computer Graphics Association
- 2722 Merrilee Drive
- Suite 3200
- Fairfax, VA 22031 USA
- Voice: 703.698.9600
-
- IGES - Reference Documents
- http://elib.cme.nist.gov/nipde/stds/wh-iges.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: IM - Performer
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: IMA - Zenographics Mirage Graphics File Format
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Zenographics
- Specification:
-
- IMA is the native file format of the Zenographics Mirage program.
- The older version of this format was used by Mirage v5.12 and
- eariler. Mirage 5.20 introduced the newer version of IMA.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: IMJ - Image JPEG
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- IMJ was created by Pegasus Image Corporation as a variation of the JFIF file
- format. IMJ is essentially a JFIF file with a Microsoft Windows BMP header
- and enhanced palette optimization. The IMJ format is used in several
- screensaver applications, and by orgainizations such as Delrina and the
- National Center for Missing Children.
-
- See the section describing the PIC - Pegasus Imaging Corporation Format
- for more information.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: INGR - Intergraph Raster File Format
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: Many (not standardized)
- Version: 3
- Compression: RLE, CCITT Group 4, JPEG, quad tree, Uncompressed
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Intergraph Corporation <http://www.intergraph.com/>
- Specification: ftp://ftp.intergraph.com/pub/bbs/scan/note/rffrgps.zip
-
- Intergraph publishes the INGR format specification in the following document:
-
- "Intergraph Raster File Format Reference Guide", Intergraph Corporation,
- DRA220700, March 1994, Version 3.2.0, 84 pages.
-
- You may order this specifiction from:
-
- Scanning Systems Division
- Intergraph Corporation
- Huntsville, AL 35894-0001 USA
- Voice: 205-730-5441, 800-345-4856
- Fax: 205-730-9441
- BBS: 205-730-8786
- Email: info@intergraph.com
- WWW: http://www.intergraph.com/
- FTP: ftp://ftp.intergraph.com/
-
- It is also available in PostScript format on Intergraph's FTP site.
- Sampleimages are availble at:
-
- ftp://ftp.intergraph.com/pub/bbs/scan/note/bilevel.exe
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: IRTP - Graphicon-2000 Interactive Real-Time PHIGS
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: IV - SGI Inventor
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: IV-VRML - Inventor VRML Format
-
- Type: VRML
- Extension: iv
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Silicon Graphics
- Specification: http://www.sgi.com/tech/Inventor/VRML/VRMLDesign.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: JBIG - Joint Bilevel Image Group
-
- Type: Compression Method
- Extension: Not specified by specification
- Version:
- Compression: JBIG
- Color Depth: 1-bit (see text)
- Maintainer: ISO, IEC and ITU
- Specification:
-
- JBIG is a lossless method for compressing black and white (1-bit) raster
- image data. Its primary benefit is as a method for transmitting bi-level
- image data across a communications channel. JBIG's progressive encoding
- scheme allows lower resolution version of the image to be sent first,
- followed by higher resolution images which build on the previously
- transmitted data (e.g. 75, 150, 300, 450, and 600 DPI). This capability makes
- JBIG ideal for replacing less-efficient document imaging transmissions
- methods, such as CCITT Group 3 & 4, but thus far JBIG has not been marketed
- in such a way as to make this possible.
-
- There is no official JBIG file format. You just dump a JBIG data stream into
- a disk for tape file, give it the extension JBG or JBIG, and you have a JBIG
- file.
-
- JBIG is jointly sponsored by the ITU (CCITT) and ISO/IEC JTCI/SC29
- committees. The JBIG standard may be found in the following documents:
-
- Information technology -- Coded representation of picture and audio
- information -- Progressive bi-level image compression, ISO/IEC 11544:1993
-
- ITU/CCITT Recommendation T.82
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: JCAMP
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: JFIF - JPEG File Interchange Format
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: JPG
- Version: 1.02
- Compression: JPEG
- Color Depth: 24-bits
- Maintainer: C-Cube
- Specification: See below
-
- JFIF is a data stream-oriented file format used to define the transmission of
- JPEG-encoded bitmap data. The specification for JFIF may be obtained directly
- from C-Cube Microsystems:
-
- C-Cube Microsystems
- Attn: Scott Sinclair
- Corporate Communications
- 1778 McCarthy Blvd.
- Milpitas, CA 95035
- Voice: 408.944.6300
- Fax: 408.944.6314
-
- The Independent JPEG Group archive on ftp.uu.net also contains an on-line
- copy of the JFIF specification and additional JPEG information as:
-
- ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg/jfif.ps.gz
- ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg/jpeg.documents.gz
-
- If you need code to read/write JFIF files and/or a JPEG data stream, then
- please use the IJG's JPEG library, available at:
-
- ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg/
-
- Any other questions you have about JPEG will be answered by Tom Lane's
- JPEG FAQ, which may be found at:
-
- comp.graphics.misc
- http://www.smartpages.com/faqs/jpeg-faq/top.html
- ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: LSA/LSB - Lightscape Technologies ASCII and Binary
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: LWOB - Lightwave Object Format
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: IFF
- Version: 2.0
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: http://www.pb.net/usrwww/w_limg/LWOB.HTM
- http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_lightwave.html
-
- LightWave is part of a suite of application that is bundled with the
- Amiga Video Toster system. LightWave 3D objects are stored as IFF files
- with a FORM type of LWOB. Other chunks stored in a FORM LWOB file are
- PNTS, SRFS, SURF, CRVS, and POLS chunk.
-
- Also have a look at the LightWave newsgroup:
-
- comp.graphics.apps.lightwave
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: MedFileS
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: MGF - Materials and Geometry Format
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: mgf
- Version: 1.1
- Compression: None
- Color Depth: full spectral colors (i.e., infinite)
- Maintainer: Greg Ward <GJWard@lbl.gov>
- Specification: http://radsite.lbl.gov/mgf/HOME.html
-
- MGF is an ASCII-based 3D rendering format designed to model surface geometry
- and materials for the purpose of visible-light simulation and rendering. The
- overall objective of this format is to provide a very simple yet fairly
- complete modeling language that does not place unreasonable demands on the
- applications programmer or the object library creator.
-
- The materials are physically-based and rely on standard and well-accepted
- definitions of color, reflectance and transmittance for good accuracy and
- reproducibility. The geometry is based on boundary representation using
- simple geometric primitives such as polygons, spheres and cones. The file
- format itself is terse but human-readable ASCII text. Translators are
- available from 3D Studio and Radiance rendering formats, and to Inventor,
- VRML and Radiance. An ANSI-C standard parser is freely distributed, along
- with many models and examples at the official web site.
-
- The format specification is available bundled with an MGF file reader
- and is distributed in the file mgflib0.7.tar.Z on the following sites:
-
- http://radsite.lbl.gov/mgf/HOME.html
- ftp://hobbes.lbl.gov/www/mgf
-
- The MGF software is currently in its second official release (version 1.1).
- Questions about MGF should be directed to:
-
- Greg Ward
- Voice: 510.486.4757
- Fax: 510.486.4757
- Email: GJWard@lbl.gov
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: MIFF - Magick Image File Format
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- MIFF is a bitmap format native to the ImageMagick toolkit which runs under
- the X Window System. ImageMagick is capable of displaying and converting a
- variety of still and animated graphics file formats.
-
- The specification for MIFF is available in the ImageMagick distribution
- available from:
-
- ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/ImageMagick-3.7.tar.gz
-
- For more information about ImageMagick and MIFF, contact:
-
- duPont de Nemour & Company
- Attn: John Cristy
- Central Research and Development
- Experimental Station
- P.O. Box 80328
- Room 162-A
- Wilmington, DE 19880-0328
- Voice: 302.695.1159
- Email: cristy@dupont.com
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: MNG - Multiple Network Graphics
-
- Type: Bitmap, animation
- Extension: MNG
- Version:
- Compression: GZIP + optional filtering, delta images
- Color Depth: 1 to 48 bits
- Maintainer: MNG discussion list, mpng-list@dworkin.wustl.edu
- Specification: ftp://swrinde.nde.swri.edu/pub/mng/documents/
-
- MNG (pronounced "ming") is a proposed multiple-image
- extension of the PNG (Portable Network Graphics) format.
- To join the discussion list working on this format,
- send the message body "help" to mpng-list-request@dworkin.wustl.edu.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: MSDL - Manchester Scene Description Language
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: msdl
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: http://hobbes.lbl.gov/www/mgf/HOME.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: MTL - Wavefront
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: NAPLPS - North American Presentation Layer Protocol Syntax
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- NAPLPS is a protocol for transferring ASCII-based graphical information to
- remote terminals via a communications channel (telephone systems, computer
- networks, and so forth). It is specifically designed to provide usable
- information transfer rates, even at data rates as low as 2400bps.
-
- NAPLPS is used by many Videotext services, Prodigy, the commercial on-line
- information service, and in standalone information kiosk systems.
-
- Although there is no NAPLPS file format, NAPLPS data streams are often saved
- as files, and the files are then referred to as using the "NAPLPS file
- format".
-
- The NAPLPS specification is a standards documents available through ANSI, ISO,
- or CSA. (See the CGM section for the addresses of these organizations). The
- CSA document (T500-1983) also contains a supplement (1-1991) which is not
- included in the ANSI version of this standard.
-
- Further information may be found in the February, March, April, and May 1983
- issues of Byte Magazine. These articles explain much of the NAPLPS coding
- system and discuss the potential for NAPLPS.
-
- Michael Dillon has authored a paper on NAPLPS and started a NAPLPS section on
- SIMTEL20, which may be access via the mirror site:
-
- ftp://oak.oakland.edu/pub/simtel/msdos/naplps
-
- Michael Dillon may be contacted at:
-
- CompuServe: 71532,137
- Internet: mpdillon@halcyon.halcyon.com
- BBS: 604.546.2705
-
- The BBS also contains NAPLPS Shareware and art.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: netCDF - Network Common Data Format
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
-
- http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/packages/netcdf/
- netCDF Home Page
-
- http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/packages/netcdf/utilities.html
- Software for Manipulating or Displaying NetCDF Data
-
- ftp://ftp.unidata.ucar.edu/pub/netcdf/
- netCDF Software Distribution
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: NFF - Haines Neutral File Format
-
- Type:
- Extension: NFF
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Eric Haines <erich@eye.com>
- Specification: http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_nff.html
-
- NFF is a minimal scene description language used to test rendering algorithms
- and efficiency schemes. It supports basic geometry of objects, surface
- characteristics, placement of lights, color of objects, and the viewing angle
- of the human eye. NFF is ASCII-based and is used with the Standard Procedural
- Database (SPD) software package used for creating databases for testing
- rendering schemes.
-
- The specification for NFF is available on numerous FTP sites which archive
- file format documents, such as:
-
- ftp://zamenhof.cs.rice.edu/pub/graphics.formats
-
- and is available along with the SPD test programs, which produce NFF objects:
-
- ftp://ftp.princeton.edu/pub/Graphics/SPD
-
- You may also contact the author of NFF:
-
- Eric Haines
- 3D/Eye Inc.
- 1050 Craft Road
- Ithica, NY 14850
- Email: erich@eye.com
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: NFF - WorldToolKit Neutral File Format
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: nff bff
- Version: 2.1
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Sense8 Incorporated
- Specification: ftp://avalon.vislab.navy.mil/pub/format_specs
- http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_nffwtk.html
-
- The WorldToolKit Neutral File Format is a creation of Sense8 for their
- WorldToolKit software product. WorldToolKit is a C language library providing
- the functionality needed to do virtual reality, including file parsing,
- sensor drivers, object management, behavior, and rendering.
-
- Sense8's NFF format was loosely adapted from the Videoscape (.geo) format,
- with the addition of 12-bit color, per-polygon texture application, and
- portals. It was later extended to support vertex normals, 24-bit color, and
- vertex uv coordinates. The current version of NFF is 2.1.
-
- Sense8 also supports a binary format of NFF called BFF (.bff file extension)
- The BFF format layout and order is identical to the ASCII version, with the
- exception that only 24-bit, and not 12-bit, colors are not supported.
-
- The WorldToolKit Neutral File Format was created and is maintained by:
-
- Sense8
- 100 Shoreline Hwy. Ste. 282
- Mill Valley, CA 94941
- Voice: 415.331.6318
- Fax: 415.331.9148
- Email: info@sense8.com
- WWW: http://www.sense8.com/
-
- Questions about Sense8's NFF format should be directed to:
-
- Ben Discoe <ben@sense8.com>
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: NITF - National Imagery Transmission Format
-
- Type: Page Layout
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Defense Information Systems Agency
- Specification:
-
- The National Imagery Transmission Format Standard (Version 2.0) is documented
- as a collection of military standards documents. The actual file format is
- documented in the following standard:
-
- MIL-STD-2500, National Imagery Transmission Format (Version 2.0) for
- the National Imagery Transmission Format Standard, 18 June 1993
-
- The remaining standards are as follows:
-
- MIL-HDBK-1300, National Imagery Transmission Format Standard (NITFS),
- 18 June 1993
- MIL-STD-3201, Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM) Implementation Standard
- for the National Imagery Transmission Format Standard, 18 June 1993
- MIL-STD-188-196, Bi-Level Image Compression for the National Imagery
- Transmission Format Standard, 18 June 1993
- MIL-STD-188-197 Adaptive Recursive Interpolated Differential Pulse
- Code Modulation (ARIDPCM) Compression Algorithm for the National
- Imagery Transmission Format Standard, 18 June 1993
- MIL-STD-188-198A, Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Image Compression
- for the National Imagery Transmission Format Standard, 15 December 1993
- MIL-STD-188-199, Vector Quantization Decompression for the National Imagery
- Transmission Format Standard, 27 June 1994
- MIL-STD-245-44500, Tactical Communications Protocol 2 (TACO2) for the
- National Imagery Transmission Format Standard, 18 June 1993
- JIEO Circular 9008, National Imagery Transmission Format Standards (NITFS)
- Certification Test & Evaluation Program Plan, 30 June 1993
-
- The NITFS standards may be obtained via FTP from the ITSI (Information
- Technology Standards Integrated) BBS at:
-
- ftp://jcdbs.2000.disa.mil/pub/library
-
- ITSI BSS may also be reached by modem at 703.834.6501 (14.4kbps, N-8-1).
-
- To receive hardcopies any or all of these documents, send a request via mail,
- fax, or email to:
-
- DISA/JIEO/CFS/TBCE
- c/o Logicaon
- Fay Mignone
- 1831 Wiehle Avenue
- Reston, VA 22090 USA
- Fax: 703.318.1098 Attn: Fay Mignone
- Email: mignone@cdbs.itsi.disa.mil
-
- or:
-
- Defense Information Systems Agency
- Center for Standards
- Carol Ciepiela
- Attn: TBCE, Rm 3304
- 10701 Parkridge Blvd
- Reston, VA 22091 USA
- Voice: 703.487.3536
- Email: edi@itsi.disa.mil
-
- Questions may be directed to:
-
- NITFS Certification Test Facility
- Voice: 602.538.5458 x5494
-
- And NITF Web pagea include:
-
- http://www.tasc.com/NITFS/
- NITFS Home Page
-
- http://www.itsi.disa.mil/ismc/ntb/ntb.html
- The NITFS Technical Board
-
- http://topaz.sensor.com/work/fmt/nitf/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: OBJ - Wavefront Object
-
- Type:
- Extension: obj
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/files/off.pdf
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: ODIF - Open Document Interchange Format
-
- Type: Binary
- Extension: .odf
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Open Document Architecture Consortium (ODAC)
- Specification: http://www.itu.ch/itudoc/itu-t/rec/t.html
-
- The Open Document Interchange Format (ODIF) is the data stream interchange
- format associated with the Open Document Architecture (ODA). ODA is an
- object-oriented document architecture for the description of both the logical
- layot stuctures of a docuemnt. ODA also supports the transfer of documents in
- processable form. The ODA and ODIF standard is described in ITU docuemnts
- T.411 through T.421.
-
- More information on ODIF files and ODA is available from:
-
- ODAC
- Avenue Marcel Thiry 204
- 1200 Brussels
- Belgium
- Voice: +32 2 774 9623
- Fax: +32 2 774 9690
- WWW: http://titan.orem.novell.com/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: ODL - Object Description Language
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: OFF - Object File Format
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: off
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- OFF was developed in 1986 at Digital Equipment Corporation's Workstation
- Systems Engineering for the interchange and archiving of 3D objects. OFF is
- an ASCII-based format and is independent of languages, devices, and operating
- systems.
-
- The specification for OFF is:
-
- Rost, Randi, OFF--A 3D Object File Format, November 6, 1986 (updated
- October 12, 1989).
-
- The OFF archive is available at:
-
- ftp://gatekeeper.dec.com/pub/DEC/
-
- This archive contains the format specification, tools, and objects. It is not
- currently supported and is copyrighted.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: OpenMath
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PBM - Portable Bitmap
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- The Portable greymap file format is part of the Extended Portable Bitmap
- Utilities (PBMPLUS). PBM is used as an intermediate format for storing
- monochrome bitmap information generated by the PBMPLUS toolkit. PBM files may
- be either binary or ASCII and store data one-bit-per-pixel in size.
-
- Information and source code for PBM can be found in the distribution for
- PBMPLUS located at:
-
- ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/graphics/graphics/packages/pbmplus/pbmplus10dec91.tar.Z
-
- The specification for the PBM format can also be found in the manual page for
- pbm(5) on many Unix systems.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PCX - ZSoft Paint
-
- Type: Raster
- Extension: PCX, PCC
- Version:
- Compression: RLE
- Color Depth: 1 to 24 bits
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- PCX is one of the oldest bitmapped formats popularized by MS-DOS paint
- programs that first appeared in the early 1980's. PCX files may store mapped
- and unmapped image data from 1- to 24-bits in pixel depth, always contain
- RLE-compressed image data, and are recognized by almost all still-image
- graphics programs ever written.
-
- But because of the kludged evolution of the PCX format (caused partly by the
- efforts of Zsoft to continue to support the ever-changing world of graphics
- display adapters) it is generally advised that the MS Windows BMP format be
- used in place of PCX whenever possible.
-
- Once upon a time ZSoft was bought by Wordstar, who was then bought by
- SoftKey. It is not currently known if anyone distributes the original,
- poorly written, specification for PCX. No matter, as most book on graphics
- file format completely describe the PCX format.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PDF - Portable Document Format
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- PDF files are viewable using Adobe's Acrobat Reader 2.0 program.
-
- PDF was created and is maintained by Adobe Systems Incorporated:
-
- Adobe Systems Incorporated
- 1585 Charleston Road P.O. Box 7900
- Mountain View, CA 94039-7900
- Voice: 415.961.4400
- Voice: 415.961.4111 (Developer Support)
- Fax: 415.961.3769
-
- Sample PDF images files may be found at:
-
- ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/Acrobat/PDFsamples/
-
- The Adobe Acrobat Software Developer's Kits for Unix, Macintosh, Microsoft
- Windows, and MS-DOS may be found at:
-
- ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/Acrobat/SDK/
-
- You can download a PDF plug-in for your Web browser from:
-
- ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/Acrobat/
-
- Additional PDF information may also be gathered from Adobe's home Web page:
-
- http://www.adobe.com/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PDS - Planetary Data System Format
-
- Type: General data format
- Extension: PDS
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: NASA
- Specification:
-
- PDS was created by the Planetary Branch of the National Aeronautics and Space
- Administration (NASA) to store solar, lunar, and planetary data collected both
- on Earth and by spacecraft. And as with most U.S. Government documents, the
- specification is quite large and spread over several documents:
-
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Standard for the Preparation and Interchange of
- Data Sets, JPL Document D-4683, NASA, Pasadena, CA, 1988.
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Data Preparation Workbook,
- JPL Document D-7669, NASA, Pasadena, CA, 1990.
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Planetary Data System Standards Reference,
- JPL Document D-4683, NASA, Pasadena, CA, 1990.
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Specification for the Object Description
- Language, NASA, Pasadena, CA, 1990.
-
- These documents are available from:
-
- NASA
- Planetary Branch
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory
- Mail Stop 525-3610
- 4800 Oak Grove Drive
- Pasadena, CA 91109
- Voice: 818.354.7587
- Email: PDS_Operator@jplpds.jpl.nasa.gov
-
- The PDS Standards Reference Document may also be found at:
-
- http://stardust.jpl.nasa.gov/stdref/stdref.htm
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PGM - Portable Greymap
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- The Portable greymap file format is part of the Extended Portable Bitmap
- Utilities (PBMPLUS). PGM is used as an intermediate format for storing
- greyscale bitmap information generated by the PBMPLUS toolkit. PGM files may
- be either binary or ASCII and store pixel values up to 8 bits in size.
-
- Information and source code for PGM can be found in the distribution for
- PBMPLUS (see the section on the PBM format for information on PBMPLUS). The
- specification for the PGM format can also be found in the manual page for
- pgm(5) on many Unix systems.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PHD - PolyHedra Database
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PIC - Lotus PIC Graphics Format
-
- Type: Vector
- Extension: PIC
- Version:
- Compression: None
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PIC - Micrografx Draw! Graphics Format
-
- Type: Vector
- Extension: PIC
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Micrografx
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PIC - Pegasus Imaging Corporation Format
-
- Type:
- Extension: PIC
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- Pegasus Image Corporation
- 4350 W. Cypress Street, Suite 908
- Tampa, FL 33607
- Voice: 813.875.7575
- Fax: 813.875.7705
- BBS: 813.874.5515 Name: guest guest, Password: demo
- CIS: GO PEGASUS
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PIC - Video Show Graphics Format
-
- Type: PIC
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: General Parametrics Corporation
- Specification:
-
- Native file format used by the General Parametrics Corporation Video
- Show Film Recorder.
-
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PICT - Macintosh Picture
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Apple Computer
- Specification:
-
- The book Inside Macintosh, Volume 5, contains a description of PICT.
- The Macintosh Technical note #27 also describes PICT.
- The book Inside Machintosh: Quicktime, describes PICT-JPEG.
-
- You can obtain the Inside Macintosh books in electronic form from:
-
- http://dev.info.apple.com/insidemac.html
-
- ftp://ftp.info.apple.com/Apple.Support.Area/Developer_Services/Technical_Documentation/Inside_Macintosh
- ftp://ftp.info.euro.apple.com/Apple.Support.Area/Developer_Services/Technical_Documentation/Inside_Macintosh
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PIX - Inset Pix
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- Quarterdeck Home Page
- http://www.insetusa.com/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PLY - ZipPack
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: ply
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Silicon Graphics
- Specification:
-
- PLY is a polygon mesh format used by the Silicon Graphics ZipPack program.
-
- ZipPack includes the program ply which reads and writes the PLY file format.
- The ZipPack distribution is available at:
-
- ftp://graphics.stanford.edu/pub/zippack
-
- The ZipPack distribution is also available from the ZipPack Web page:
-
- http://www-graphics.stanford.edu/software/zippack
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PNG - Portable Network Graphics
-
- Type: Raster
- Extension: PNG
- Version:
- Compression: RLE
- Color Depth: 1 to 48 bits
- Maintainer: Tom Boutell
- Specification: http://www.boutell.com/boutell/png/
-
- PNG (pronounced "ping"), Portable Network Graphics, is a new bitmap format
- whose creation was spurred by the unfortunate legal situation surrounding
- the GIF format. The PNG specification explains its basic rationale thus:
-
- The PNG format provides a portable, legally unencumbered, well-compressed,
- well-specified standard for lossless bitmapped image files. Although the
- initial motivation for developing PNG was to replace GIF, the design
- provides some useful new features not available in GIF, with minimal cost
- to developers.
-
- The PNG specification is now frozen, and has been approved as a W3C
- Recommendation by the World Wide Web Consortium. It has also been
- approved as an informational RFC, but (as of Jan 1997) has not yet been
- formally issued by IETF.
-
- Questions about PNG may be asked on the comp.graphics.misc newsgroup, or via
- email at:
-
- png-info@uunet.uu.net
-
- Several PNG-related mailing lists are available:
-
- png-list@dworkin.wustl.edu General PNG discussion
- png-announce@dworkin.wustl.edu Announcements related to PNG (low volume)
- png-implement@dworkin.wustl.edu Discussion of PNG implementations
-
- To find out more about the mailing list server, send mail to
- png-list-request@dworkin.wustl.edu with the word "help" (and nothing else)
- in the message body.
-
- The official PNG FTP archive is:
-
- ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/png/
-
- which is currently mirrored at
-
- ftp://swrinde.nde.swri.edu/pub/png/
-
- The archives include the specification text in several formats (the spec
- is also available from W3C at the URL cited above), a reference
- implementation in portable C (still in development, as of 1996), and sets
- of test images. Note that in the case of any discrepancy between the
- specification and the reference implementation, the specification is to be
- considered correct and the code in error.
-
- The PNG group has a home page with pointers to many other PNG resources at:
-
- http://www.wco.com/~png/
-
- PNG's very first journal article has appeared:
-
- PNG: The Portable Network Graphic Format, Dr. Dobb's Journal,
- Lee Daniel Crocker, #232 July 1995 (Vol 20, Issue 7), pp. 36-44.
-
- The code for the above issues are available at:
-
- ftp://ftp.mv.com/pub/ddj/1995/1995.07/ptot.zip
-
- And another article:
-
- Portable Network Graphics, Web Techniques, Paul Atzberger and
- Andrew Zolli, Vol 1. Issue 9, December 1996, pp. 65-70.
-
- See also MNG (Multiple Network Graphics)
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PPM - Portable Pixmap
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- The Portable pixmap file format is part of the Extended Portable Bitmap
- Utilities (PBMPLUS). PPM is used as an intermediate format for storing color
- bitmap information generated by the PBMPLUS toolkit. PPM files may be either
- binary or ASCII and store pixel values up to 24 bits in size.
-
- Information and source code for PPM can be found in the distribution for
- PBMPLUS (see the section on the PBM format for information on PBMPLUS). The
- specification for the PPM format can also be found in the manual page for
- ppm(5) on many Unix systems.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: POL - InnovMetric Software Polygon Models Format
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: pol
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/files/pol.pdf
-
- POL is the native 3D file format for software products created by InnovMetric
- Software. The POL format was created to fill the need of storing data
- representing multi-contour, simple, planular, polygons using a binary file
- format.
-
- InnovMetric Software is developing a complete line of software products for
- building 3-D polygonal models using a 3-D imaging system. Two of these
- software tools are targeted at real-time 3-D graphics applications.
- IMCompress and IMFilter are two complementary tools for optimally reducing
- the number of polygons in a 3-D model. IMCompress uses a surface-based
- algorithm to downsize highly redundant models such as Digital Terrain Models
- and polygonal models generated by a CAD or a 3-D imaging system. IMFilter
- uses a volume-based algorithm to create ultra-compact models (20 to 500
- triangles) for level of details management in applications requiring
- real-time 3-D graphics.
-
- The POL file format specification is primarily distributed as Appendix B of
- the IMCompress User's Guide published by InnovMetric Software. The
- specification is also available in PostScript format as the file pol.ps in a
- few of the graphics file format specification archived listed in part 1 of
- this FAQ.
-
- POL was created and is maintained by:
-
- InnovMetric Software Inc.
- 2065 Charest ouest, Suite 218
- Sainte-Foy, Quebec
- Canada, G1N 2G1
-
- Questions about POL may be directed to:
-
- Marc Soucy <msoucy@imetric.qc.ca>
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: POV - Persistence of Vision Raytracing
-
- Type: 3D scene description language
- Extension: pov
- Version: 2.2
- Compression: None
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: POV-Ray Team
- Specification: ftp://ftp.povray.org/pub/povray/Official/docs/povdoc-2_2.zip
-
- The POV-Ray format is used to store a scene description language used by the
- POV-Ray ray tracing software package. POV-Ray files are always ASCII to allow
- easy transportation between different file systems.
-
- The specification for the POV file format and scene description language is
- found in the file povray.doc in the POV-Ray distribution. You may obtain
- this file (and the entire POV-Ray package) from the official POV-Ray FTP
- archive and Web sites:
-
- ftp://ftp.povray.org/pub/povray/Official/docs/povdoc-2_2.zip
- http://www.povray.org/pub/povray/Official/docs/povdoc-2_2.zip
-
- or from these official mirror sites:
-
- ftp://alfred.ccs.carleton.ca/
- ftp://uniwa.uwa.edu.au/
-
- Questions about POV-Ray may also be direct to:
-
- Chris Young
- POV-Team Coordinator
- 76702.1655@compuserve.com
-
- or to the comp.graphics.rendering.raytracing newsgroup on Usenet.
-
- The following is an excellent book on ray tracing using the POV-Ray tracing
- software package for the PC:
-
- Ray Tracing Creations: Generate 3D Photo-Realistic Images on the PC,
- Drew Wells and Chris Young, Waite Group Press 1993.
-
- It is also worth noting that not only is POV-Ray an excellent ray
- tracing package, but its source and binaries are availble for most
- systems and widely distributed free of cost.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PS - PostScript
-
- Type: Page Description Language
- Extension: PS
- Version:
- Compression: None, LZW
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Adobe Systems
- Specification:
-
- PostScript was created and is maintained by Adobe Systems Incorporated:
-
- Adobe Systems Incorporated
- 1585 Charleston Road P.O. Box 7900
- Mountain View, CA 94039-7900
- Voice: 415.961.4400
- Voice: 415.961.4111 (Developer Support)
- Fax: 415.961.3769
- BBS: 206.623.6984 (14.4-N-8-1)
- FTP: ftp://ftp.adobe.com/
- WWW: http://www.adobe.com/
-
- The primary source of PostScript formation may be found in the Adobe
- PostScript Langauge books:
-
- Red Book: Postscript Language Reference Manual, 2nd ed.
- Adobe Systems Inc., Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-18127-4,
- $26.95US softcover
-
- Blue Book: Postscript Language Tutorial and Cookbook,
- Adobe Systems Inc., Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-10179-3,
- $16.95US softcover
-
- Green Book: PostScript Language Program Design,
- Adobe Systems Inc., Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-14396-8,
- $22.95US softcover
-
- Black Book: Adobe Type 1 Font Format Specification,
- Adobe Systems Inc., Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-57044-0,
- $14.95US softcover
-
- Purple Book: Programming the Display PostScript System with NeXTstep,
- Adobe Systems Inc., Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-58135-3,
- $26.95US softcover
-
- You may order these books directly from Adobe Systems in Mountain View,
- California, by calling 1.800.83.FONTS (U.S. and Canada only) or 415.961.4400
- (ask for "Inside Sales"). Or from Hayden Publishing at 1.800.428.5331.
-
-
- Additional information on PostScript may be found on Adobe's FTP server and
- Web site:
-
- ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/DeveloperSupport/Technotes/
- http://www.adobe.com/
-
- The Usenet newsgroup comp.lang.postscript covers issues relating to the Adobe
- PostScript language. The PostScript FAQ is available at:
-
- http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/postscript-faq/top.html
-
- The Usenet newsgroup comp.fonts also covers issues relating to fonts. The
- comp.fonts FAQ is available at:
-
- http://jasper.ora.com/comp.fonts/FAQ/
-
- The Usenet newsgroup comp.sources.postscript contains source code of
- PostScript programs. Other newsgroups that may be of interest are:
- comp.periphs.printers, comp.laser-printers, comp.text.pdf, comp.text.desktop,
- and comp.publish.prepress.
-
- The Encapsulated PostScript specification (v2.0) may be found at:
-
- http://www.adobe.com/supportservice/devrelations/PDFS/TN/5002.EPSF_Spec_v2.0.pdf
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PSD - Adobe Photoshop
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: PSD
- Version: 3.0
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Adobe Systems
- Specification:
-
- PSD is the native bitmap file format of the Adobe Photoshop graphical editing
- application. PSD files have the extension .PSD under MS Windows and the file
- type code 8PBS on the Macintosh.
-
- Other file formats associated with Photoshop include: Arbitrary Map (.AMP),
- Brushed (.ABR), Color Table (.ACT), Colors (.ACO), Command Buttens (.ACM),
- Curves (.ACV), Duotone Options (.ADO), Halftone Screens (.AHS),
- Hue/Saturation (.HSS), Ink Colors Setup (.API), Custom Kerenel (.ACF), Levels
- (.ALV), Monitor Setup (.AMS), Replace Color/Color Range (.AXT), Scratch Area
- (.ASR), Selective Color (.ASV), Separation Setup (.ASP), Separation Tables
- (.AST), and Transfer Function (.ATF).
-
- The format specification for PSD 2.5 and other file formats associated
- with Adobe Photoshop may be found in the document PSAPIDOC.*
- (distributed in the Microsoft Write, Macintosh MacWrite, and Adobe
- Acrobat format) under the heading "Document File Formats".
- These documents are part of the Photoshop Plug-In Software Developers
- Kit, available via FTP and from the Adobe Developers Association's
- home page:
-
- http://www.adobe.com/Support/ADA.html
- ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/Applications/Photoshop/*/Plug-In-SDK/
-
- This SDK is also available directly from Adobe (see the PostScript section
- for information on how to contact Adobe Systems, Inc.).
-
- The specification for the Adobe Photoshop Raw File Format may be found at:
-
- http://www.adobe.com/supportservice/custsupport/SOLUTIONS/25c6.htm
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: PTU - Performer Terrain Utilities
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: QT - QuickTime
-
- Type: Multimedia
- Extension: QT
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Apple Computer
- Specification:
-
- You can obtain the Inside Macintosh books in electronic form from:
-
- http://dev.info.apple.com/insidemac.html
-
- The complete QuickTime section from Inside Macintosh in PDF formats is
- available at:
-
- http://dev.info.apple.com/Developer_Services/Technical_Documentation/Inside_Macintosh/QuickTime/CompleteBookPkg/
-
-
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: QTVR - QuickTime VR
-
- Type: Scene
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: Object Movie http://dev.info.apple.com/Technotes/tn1036.html
- Panorama Movie http://dev.info.apple.com/Technotes/tn1035.html
-
- You can find the QuickTime VR FAQ at
- http://dev.info.apple.com/techqa/qtvr/qtvr.html
-
- Contact Apple Developer Support at DEVSUPPORT@applelink.apple.com.
-
- To join the QuickTime Developer mailing list, send an email to
- listproc@abs.apple.com with the body "subscribe quicktime-dev
- yourfirstname yourlastname".
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: RAD - Radience
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression: None
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Greg Ward <gjward@lbl.gov>
- Specification:
-
- RAD is the native file format for the public domain Unix Radiance radiosity
- renderer. An MS-DOS version is available as part of the ADELINE 1.0 package.
-
- The RAD specification and Radience package are available at:
-
- http://radsite.lbl.gov/radience/HOME.html
-
- For information on ADELINE, check out:
-
- http://radsite.lbl.gov/adeline/HOME.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: RAS - Sun Rasterfile
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: ras
- Version:
- Compression: None, RLE
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Sun Microsystems
- Specification:
-
- Sun rasterfile is the native bitmap format of Sun Microsystem Unix systems.
- The rasterfile format has become more wide-spread with the growing popularity
- of the SunOS operating system and Sun SPARCStation family of Unix
- workststaions.
-
- Sun rasterfiles store images up to 32 bits in pixel depth and support a basic
- for of run-length data compression.
-
- The primary source of information for Sun Rasterfiles is the SunOS include
- file /usr/include/rasterfile.h and the rasterfile online manual page:
-
- Sun Microsystems, rasterfile (5), Sun OS 4.0 Programmer's Manual, 1990.
-
- The following jounal article is devoted to the Sun rasterfile:
-
- McGee, Format for Byte-Encoded Rasterfiles, Sun-Spots Digest, Volume 6,
- Issue 84.
-
- And several books on graphics file formats also feature the rasterfile format.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: RAY - Rayshade
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- Rayshade is a ray-tracing application for the Unix environment. The
- Rayshade format is the native scene description language used by Rayshade.
- And like most 3D scene-rendering formats it is ASCII-based and supports
- most features commonly found in these formats.
-
- The specification is available in the Rayshade distribution on many BBSs
- and FTP archive sites. The official Rayshade FTP site is:
-
- ftp://princeton.edu/pub/Graphics/
-
- And the format is detailed in the document:
-
- Rayshade 4.0 Quick Reference
-
- The author may be contacted at:
-
- Princeton University
- Attn: Craig Kolb
- Department of Computer Science
- 35 Olden Street
- Princeton, NJ 08544
- Email: cek@princeton.edu
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: RFT-DCA - Revisable-Form Text Document Content Architecture
-
- Type: Word processing
- Extension: RFT
- Version: Many
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: IBM Corporation
- Specification:
-
- RFT was developed by IBM for transfering documents between IBM and non-IBM
- word processing systems. It is most commonly assocated with the DisplayWrite
- word processor on the IBM 360, 370, and AS/400 systems. Information on
- RFT-DCA may be found in the following IBM document:
-
- Document Content Architecture: Revisable-Form-Text Reference,
- Document SC23-0758-1, Second Edition, August 1986
-
- RFT is often confused with the Microsoft RTF (Rich Text Format), which also
- enables the portability of word processing documents between dis-similar
- systems.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: RAW - Photoshop RAW
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: RAW
- Version:
- Compression: None
- Color Depth: 24-bit
- Maintainer: Adobe Systems
- Specification: http://www.adobe.com/
-
- A Photoshop Raw file is a Photoshop PSD file without a header. The header
- information must be entered when the file is imported into Photoshop. The
- raw format is used import and export bitmap data using a very simple,
- uncompressed binary format.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: RIB - Renderman Interface Bytestream
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- The RenderMAN file format specification may be found in the following
- document available from Pixar:
-
- The RenderMAN Interface, Version 3.1, September 1989. San Rafael, CA.
-
- Pixar
- 1001 West Cutting Blvd.
- Richmond, California 9484 USA
- Voice: 415.236.4000
-
- Also of interest is the following publication:
-
- The RenderMan Companion: A Programmer's Guide to Realistic Computer
- Graphics, Steve Upstill, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company,
- ISBN 0-201-50868-0, $26.95
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: RIFF - Microsoft Resource Interchange File Format
-
- Type: Multimedia
- Extension: AVI, BND, WAV
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Microsoft Corporation
- Specification:
-
- Microsoft Corporation
- Attn: Multimedia System Group
- Product Marketing
- One Microsoft Way
- Redmond, WA 98052-6399
- Voice: 206.882.8080
- BBS: 206.637.9009
-
- Information on RIFF may be found in the following documents:
-
- Microsoft Windows Multimedia Programmer's Guide, Microsoft
- Corporation, Microsoft Press, Redmond, WA.
-
- Microsoft Windows Multimedia Programmer's Reference, Microsoft
- Corporation, Microsoft Press, Redmond, WA.
-
- The specification is also available in the Microsoft Multimedia Development
- Kit (MDK), the Microsoft Video for Windows Development Kit (VFWDK), and
- the Microsoft Developers Network CDs.
-
- ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/Multimedia/Jumpstart/VfW11e/DK/VFWDK/
- Video for Windows Development Kit, v1.1e
-
- Also have a look at:
-
- http://www.r2m.com/windev/
- Internet Resources for Windows Developers
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: RIX - ColoRIX Image File
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: RIX
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ColorRIX is the native bitmap format of the ColorRIX VGA Paint application
- for MS-DOS.
-
- The ColorRIX format is documented in the ColorRIX VGA Paint manual
- distributed with the ColorRIX program. The last known address of
- RIX Softworks was:
-
- RIX SoftWorks Inc.
- Attn: Richard Brownback or Paul Harker
- 18023 Sky Park Circle, Suite J
- Irvine, CA 92714
- Voice: 714.476.8266
- Voice: 714.476.8486
-
- ColorRIX is also bundled with several different VGA cards and the
- specification may also be found on numerous FTP archive sites.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: RTF - Rich Text Format
-
- Type: Word processing
- Extension: RTF
- Version: 1.4
- Compression: None
- Color Depth: 24-bits
- Maintainer: Microsoft Corporation
- Specification:
-
- Upon the official Microsoft blurbs I cannot improve:
-
- "The Rich Text Format (RTF) standard is a method of encoding
- formatted text and graphics for easy transfer between MS-DOS,
- Windows, Windows 95, OS/2, and Apple Macintosh applications."
-
- "The RTF standard provides a format for text and graphics
- interchange that can be used with different output devices, operating
- environments, and operating systems. RTF uses the ANSI, PC-8,
- Macintosh, or IBM PC character set to control the representation and
- formatting of a document, both on the screen and in print. With the
- RTF standard, you can transfer documents created under different
- operating systems and with different software."
-
- "Version 1.4 of the RTF Specification contains all RTF controls
- introduced by Microsoft applications through the release of Word
- 7.0."
-
- A self-extracting archive containing the RTF 1.4 specification and a
- sample RTF reader may be FTPed from Microsoft:
-
-
-
- Or downloaded from Microsoft's BBS at: +1.206.936.6735
-
- RTF is often confused with the IBM Revisable-Form Text Document
- Content Architecture (RFT), which also enables the portability of
- word processing documents between dis-similar systems.
-
-
- ------------------------------
-
-
- Subject: RWX - MEME Shape File
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: RWX - Criterion RenderWare
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: S1K - S1000 Simnet Format
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: SAF - Standard Archive Format
-
- Type: General
- Extension: SAF
- Version:
- Compression: None, GZIP
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Advanced Missle Signature Center (AMSC)
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: SAIF - Spatial Archive Interchange Format
-
- Type: General data format
- Extension:
- Version: 3.2
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/~srmb/saif32/toc.html
-
- SAIF (pronounced "safe") is a standard format for the storage and interchange
- of geographical data.
-
- The SAIF format specification is available at:
-
- ftp://s2k-ftp.cs.berkeley.edu/pub/sequoia/schema/STANDARDS/SAIF
- ftp://moon.cecer.army.mil/ogis/related/SAIF3.1
-
- And visit the SAIF home page at:
-
- http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/~srmb/saif.html
-
- For more information contact:
-
- SAIF Info
- Surveys and Resource Mapping Branch
- B.C. Ministry of Environment, Lands, and Parks
- Fourth Floor, 1802 Douglas Street
- Victoria, BA CANADA V8T 4K6
- Voice: 604.387.1353
- Fax: 604.356.7831
- WWW: http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/srmb/saif.htm
-
- The following company provides software tools for using SAIF:
-
- Safe Software
- Voice: 604.241.4424
- Voice: 604.583.2016
- Email: infosafe@safe.com
- WWW: http://www.wimsey.com/~infosafe/saif/saifHome.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: SAT - ACIS
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: Scene
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: Scitex HandShake Formats
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: CT, LW, BM, PG, and TX
- Version: April 1988
- Compression: None and RLE
- Color Depth: 1-bit to 128-bit
- Maintainer: Scitex Corporation <http://www.scitex.com>
- Specification: Howard White <whiteh@s9gate.sta.scitex.com>
-
- The most well-known of the HandShake formats is Scitex CT (continuous tone).
- This format may store from 1 to 16 8-bit color separations (color planes).
- Typical CT files store four separation of CMYB image data. Adobe Photoshop
- is an application that is commonly used to create Scitex CT image files.
-
- The other HandShake formats include LW (linework, 16 color separations, 255
- color maximum), BM (bitmap, 1-bit RLE image data), PG (page layout), and TX
- (textual typesetter data). Of these formats, PG and BM have not been fully
- implemented by Scitex and may not be in general use elsewhere.
-
- The Scitex HandShake data formats and data exchage protocols are described
- in the following document:
-
- HandShake Foreign File Transfer Protocol, Scitex Corporation, Ltd.,
- Revision A: April 1988, Document No. 788-37898A, Catalog No. 399Z37898
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: SCN - SCeNe RTrace
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: SDL - Alias Wavefront Scene Description Language
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- comp.graphics.apps.alias
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: SDML - Spacial Data Modeling Language
-
- Type: VRML
- Extension: sdml
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Silicon Graphics
- Specification: http://www.clr.toronto.edu:1080/CLRMOSAIC/SDML.html
-
- SDML is a spatial description language used for storing CAD and GIS data,
- such as found in Landscape Planning, Design, and Architectural databases.
-
- SDML currently exists in two versions: the old SDML format and the new
- (Version 1.0) format. The old format is derived from the ASCII-based format
- used in the Silicon Graphics CLRview and PolyTRIM software environments. The
- new format, released in 05Feb95, is a more detailed, capable, and
- size-optimized revision of the old SDML and supports all the features of the
- Silicon Graphics CLRMosaic software.
-
- Additional information on CLRMosaic can be found at:
-
- http://www.clr.toronto.edu:1080/CLRMOSAIC/help-about.html
-
- Questions about SDML should be directed to:
-
- Rodney Hoinkes, Head of Design Applications
- Centre for Landscape Research
- University of Toronto
- 230 College St.
- Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1
- Voice: 416.978.3551
- Fax: 416.971.2094
- Email: rodney@clr.toronto.edu
- WWW: http://www.clr.toronto.edu/PEOPLE/RODNEY/rodney.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: SDTS - Spatial Data Transfer Standard
-
- Type: General data format
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- SDTS is a standard (FIPS 173) format used for the storage and interchange
- of gelogical data.
-
- SDTS documentation and files are available from:
-
- ftp://sdts.er.usgs.gov/pub/sdts/www/html/sdts.html
-
- SDTS questions may be directed to sdts@usgs.gov.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: SFF - Scene File Format
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: SGI - Silicon Graphics Image File Format
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- SGI is the native file format of the limage image library found on Silicon
- Graphics workstations. The limage library provides a set of functions used
- to read and write SGI images.
-
- The SGI file format is a creation of Paul Haeberli (paul@sgi.com) at Silicon
- Graphics Computer Systems. The SGI format specification may be found at:
-
- ftp://ftp.sgi.com/graphics/SGIIMAGESPEC
-
- The SGI format is also known as the RGB file format. On SGI workstations
- you can get info on RGB and the limage library by using the following
- command:
-
- % man 4 rgb
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: SHG - Segmented Hyper-Graphic
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: SHG
- Version:
- Compression: None, RLE
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Microsoft Corporation
- Specification: ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/Multimedia/SHED.ZIP
-
- SHG is a file format used by Microsoft in the WinHelp on-line help facility
- found in Windows 3.1. This format is used to save a Microsoft Bitmap (BMP) or
- Windows Metafile (WMF) graphic and store the coordinates of specific areas of
- the bitmap known as "hotspots". When the bitmap is displayed and the user
- selects a hotspot, WinHelp jumps to another part of the help documentation
- via a hyper-text link macro stored in the SHG file.
-
- Another file format used with SHG files is the Multiple-Resolution Bitmap
- (MRB) format. MRB files contain one or more SHG images, each rendered at a
- different resolution. Several SHG files are typically created using the
- SHED.EXE utility and then fed into the MRB compiler to create a single MRB
- file. When WinHelp reads the MRB file it chooses which bitmap most closely
- matches the resolution of the display.
-
- SHG is currently officially undocumented by Microsoft, but a rather
- questionable specification may be found at:
-
- ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/Multimedia/SHED.ZIP
-
- Information on SHG and MRB may be found in the following journal article:
-
- .mrb and .shg File Formats, Windows/DOS Developer's Journal, Pete Davis,
- February 1994 (Vol 5, No 4), pp. 37-46.
-
- Questions about these formats may also be directed to Section 16
- (WinHelp/Tools) of forum WINSDK on CompuServe.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: Softimage
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- http://vizlab.beckman.uiuc.edu/softimage/
- SOFTIMAGE Users Home Page
-
- http://www.softimage.com/
- SOFTIMAGE Official Home Page
-
- http://softimage.co.uk/
-
- comp.graphics.apps.softimage
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: SPIFF - Still Picture Interchange File Format
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: JPG, SPF
- Version:
- Compression: None, JPEG, JBIG, Modified Huffman, MR, MMR
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: ITU and ISO
- Specification: http://www.itu.doc/
-
- The "official" JPEG file format. Part 3 of the JPEG standard now includes a
- fully defined file format to storing JPEG data.
-
- When the JPEG format was standardized, disagreements among ISO committees
- prevented a standard JPEG file format from being created. The defacto format
- that appeared was JFIF from C-cube Microsystems. The JFIF format, although
- now quite wide-spread, is very limited in capability as file formats go.
-
- SPIFF is intended to replace the JFIF file format, adding features (more
- colorspaces, a recognized way of including text blocks, and so forth),
- and provding a backwards-compatability allowing SPIFF files to be read my
- most JPEG/JFIF decoders. JFIF, however, has a five-year head start on SPIFF,
- so the likelyhood of it being completely replaced anytime soon is not good.
-
- SPIFF's very first journal article has appeared:
-
- SPIFF: Still Picture Interchange File Format, Dr. Dobb's Journal,
- James D. Murray, #249 July 1996 (Vol 21, Issue 7), pp. 34-41.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: STL - Stereolithography Interface Format
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- STL files are the native file format of the SLA CAD software created by 3D
- Systems of Valencia, CA, USA. STL files may be ASCII or binary in form,
- although binary is far more common due to the very large resulting size of
- the CAD data when saved to the ASCII format.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: TDDD - Imagine Object File Format
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension: IFF
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_imagine1.html
-
- TDDD (3D Data Description) is used by Impulse's Imagine 3.0 for 3D rendering data.
- TDDD files contain 3D object definitions and can be extended to describe different
- types of object information. TDDD data is stored as FORM TDDD chunks using the
- Amiga and Electrnic Arts Interchange File Format (IFF).
-
- Imagine 3.0 also supports a Texture File Format stored as a FORM TFORM chunk
- in an IFF file. The spec for this format may be found at:
-
- http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/h_imagine2.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: TGA - Truevision (Targa) File Format
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: TGA
- Version:
- Compression: None, RLE
- Color Depth: 1- to 32-bits (8, 16, 24, and 32 typical)
- Maintainer: Truevision Inc.
- Specification:
-
- The TGA format is one of the most widely used bitmap file formats for
- storage of 24- and 32-bit truecolor images. TGA supports colomaps,
- alpha channel, gamma value, postage stamp image, textual information,
- and developer-definable data.
-
- Copies of the TGA specification, including a sample code disk, may be
- obtained from Truevision:
-
- Truevision Incorporated
- 7340 Shadeland Station
- Indianapolis, IN 46256-39925
- Voice: 317.841.0332
- Fax: 317.576.7700
- BBS: 317.577.8783
- FTP: ftp://ftp.truevision.com/
- WWW: http://www.truevision.com/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: TIFF - Tag Image File Format
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: tif, TIFF
- Version: 6.0
- Compression: Uncompressed, PackBits RLE, LZW, JPEG, CCITT Group 3 & 4
- Color Depth: 24-bits
- Maintainer: Adobe Systems
- Specification: ftp://sgi.com/graphics/tiff/TIFF6.ps.Z
-
- The TIFF format was formerly owned and maintained by the Aldus Developer's
- Association. Aldus has since merged with Adobe Systems and now the Adobe
- Developers Association (ADA) maintains the TIFF file format. You may obtain a
- copy of the TIFF 6.0 specification in PDF format at:
-
- http://www.adobe.com/supportservice/devrelations/PDFS/TN/TIFF6.pdf
-
- Or from the following FTP site:
-
- ftp://sgi.com/graphics/tiff/TIFF6.ps.Z
- ftp://ftp.adobe.com//pub/adobe/DeveloperSupport/TechNotes/PDFfiles/TIFF6.pdf
-
- Or in hardcopy from +1.800.831.6395 for a cost of $25US.
-
- A detailed text on TIFF enhancements for Adobe Pagemaker 6.0 is at:
-
- http://www.adobe.com/supportservice/devrelations/PDFS/TN/TIFFPM6.pdf
-
- You can find the specs for TIFF 4.0 and 5.0 at:
-
- ftp://ftp.std.com/obi/Standards/Graphics/Formats/tiff.doc.4.0.Z
- ftp://ftp.std.com/obi/Standards/Graphics/Formats/tiff.doc.5.0.Z
-
- General TIFF questions may be asked of the Adobe Developer Support group
- at devsup-person@adobe.com.
-
- You may also contact the ADA directly at:
-
- Adobe Developer Association
- 1585 Charleston Road
- P.O. Box 7900
- Mountain View, CA 94039-7900 USA
- Voice: 415-961-4111
- FAX: 415-967.9231
- BBS: 206-623-6984
- FTP: ftp://ftp.adobe.com/
- WWW: http://www.adobe.com/Support/ADA.html
-
- And be sure to visit Niles Ritter's The Unofficial TIFF Home Page at:
-
- http://www-mipl.jpl.nasa.gov/~ndr/tiff/
-
- Information on the tag extensions of TIFF 6.0 files for storing
- geographical bitmap information (GeoTIFF) may be found at:
-
- http://www-mipl.jpl.nasa.gov/~ndr/cartlab/geotiff/geotiff.html
- ftp://mtritter.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/geotiff/
-
- And the GeoTIFF FAQ may be found at:
-
- http://www.mmh.fi/maa/kepa/pos/geotiff/
-
- Note: Any software created or modified after 01 January 1995 that supports
- the capability of reading and/or writing bitmapped data stored in a TIFF file
- and compressed using the LZW algorithm must obtain a patent license agreement
- from Unisys Corporation. See Part I of the FAQ for more details on the Unisys
- GIF-LZW and TIFF-LZW license agreements.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: TRIF - Tiled Raster Interchange Format
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- TRIF was developed by the Tiling Task Group at the National Institute
- for the interchange of tiled raster data. TRIF is very similar to the
- CALS Type II raster format and shares many of the same standards documents.
-
- The keeper of TRIF seems to be:
-
- Frankie E. Spielman
- National Institute of Standards and Technology
- Voice: 301.975.3257
-
- Military standards for TRIF include:
-
- Standards for the Interchange of Large Format Tiled Raster Documents,
- NISTIR 88-4017 (December 1988). Section 4, "A Document Application
- Profile for the Interchange of Large Format Tiled Raster Documents",
- contains the application profile definition of a TRIF coded document.
-
- Requirements for Raster Graphics Representation in Binary Format,
- MIL-R-28002A
-
- Automated Interchange of Technical Information, MIL-STD-1840A
- (22 December 1987).
-
- Information Processing - Text and Office Systems - Office Document
- Architecture (ODA) and Interchange Format - Part 1: Introduction and
- General Principles, ISO 8613/1.
-
- Information Processing - Text and Office Systems - Office Document
- Architecture (ODA) and Interchange Format - Part 2: Document Structures,
- ISO 8613/2.
-
- Information Processing - Text and Office Systems - Office Document
- Architecture (ODA) and Interchange Format - Part 4: Document Profile,
- ISO 8613/4.
-
- Information Processing - Text and Office Systems - Office Document
- Architecture (ODA) and Interchange Format - Part 7: Raster Graphics
- Content Architectures - Tiled Raster Graphics Addendum, Addendum to
- ISO 8613/7.
-
- Specification of Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1), ISO 8824.
-
- Specification of Basic Encoding Rules for Abstract Notation One (ASN.1),
- ISO 8825.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: TTF - TrueType Font
-
- Type: Font
- Extension: TTF
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Apple Computer
- Specification:
-
- The TrueType font file format was created by Apple Computer and is
- used on the Macintosh and Microsoft Windows 3 operating environments.
- TTF files may be sent to a PostScript interpreter by first converting
- them to Adobe Type 42 font files.
-
- The TrueType font file specification is:
-
- The TrueType Font Format Specification 1.0, Apple Programmers and
- Developers Association (APDA), P/N M0825LL/A.
-
- This document is available in Windows 3.1 help format and Word for Windows
- 2.0 format via anonymous FTP from:
-
- ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/TrueType-Info
-
- Information, programs, and code for working with TrueType files may also be
- found in this directory.
-
- The OpenType font format (TrueType Open v.2.0) is an extension of the
- TrueType font format, allowing support for PostScript font data.
- OpenType was developed jointly by Microsoft and Adobe. Other documents
- of interest are:
-
- Compact Font Format Specification, Version 1.0. Adobe Systems
- TrueType 1.0 Font Files, Technical Specification. Microsoft Corp.
-
- And you can find the Microsoft Typography group at:
-
- Microsoft Typography Web Site
-
-
- Microsoft Typography group
- ttwsite@microsoft.com
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: Type 42 Font Format
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Adobe Systems
- Specification:
-
- Type 42 is a PostScript font format used to download TrueType fonts to
- PostScript interpreters which contain a TrueType rasterizer. A TrueType font
- is first converted to a Type 42 format font and then read by a PostScript
- interpreter. Type 42 yields better result than if a TrueType font is
- converted to the Adobe Type 1 or Type 3 font formats.
-
- The specification for the Type 42 font format is:
-
- The Type 42 Font Format Specification,
- Adobe Developer Support, 1 March 1993, P/N LPS5012.
-
- This document available via FTP as a Tech Note in PostScript format,
- or as hardcopy when obtained directly from Adobe (see the PostScript
- section for information on how to contact Adobe Systems, Inc.).
-
- Additional information on Type 1 fonts may be found in:
-
- Adobe Type 1 Font Format. Addison Wesley, 1991; ISBN 0-201-57044-0.
- Technical Note #5015: The Type 1 Font Format Supplement.
- Technical Note #5087: Multiple Master Font Programs for the Macintosh.
- Technical Note #5088: Font Naming Issues.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: URT - Utah Raster Toolkit
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- URT is the native raster file format of the Utah Raster Toolkit. This
- toolkit, which first appeared in 1983, is a rich source of bitmap
- manipulation tools and source code. The toolkit is copyrighted, but
- distributable on a GNU-like license.
-
- The specification for the URT file format is found in the following document
- of the Utah Raster Toolkit:
-
- Design of the Utah RLE Format, Thomas, Spencer W., University of Utah,
- Department of Computer Science.
-
- The Utah Raster Toolkit distribution (urt-3.0.tar.Z) may be obtained via FTP
- from the following sites:
-
- ftp://cs.uath.edu
- ftp://weedeater.math.yale.edu
- ftp://freebie.engin.umich.edu
-
- Questions about URT may be directed to:
-
- toolkit-request@cs.utah.edu
- urt-request@caen.engin.umich.edu
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: VCA - Visual Clip Art
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Superscape <http://www.superscape.com>
- Specification:
-
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: VICAR - Video Image Communication and Retrieval
-
- Type: General data format
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: NASA
- Specification: http://www-mipl.jpl.nasa.gov/vic_file_fmt.html
-
- The VICAR and VICAR2 formats are used to store planetary image data
- gathered from Earth and by spacecraft, and are similar in design and
- use to the FITS and PDS formats. VICAR is actually a collection of
- image processing programs used to analyze image data stored using the
- VICAR data format.
-
- Information on VICAR may be obtained directly from JPL:
-
- NASA
- Attn: Bob Deen
- Image Processing Laboratory
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory
- 4800 Oak Grove Drive
- MS 168-414
- Pasadena, CA 91109
- Email: Bob.Deen@jpl.nasa.gov
-
- Descriptions of the VICAR format may be found at:
-
- ftp://lager.geo.brown.edu/pub/doc/vicar_fmt.txt
- http://www-mipl.jpl.nasa.gov/vic_file_fmt.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: VIFF - Visualization Image File Format
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- VIFF is the native bitmap graphics file format of the Khoros System
- environment implemented using the X Window System.
-
- The VIFF format specification, including other documents related to the VIFF
- format, may be found in the Khoros distribution. Chapter 1 of Volume II,
- Programmer's Manual, the files in the directory src/file_formats, and the
- viff.h file are the most helpful.
-
- The following FTP sites archive the Khoros distribution:
-
- ftp://ftp.eece.unm.edu/pub/khoros
- ftp://ftp.uu.net/pub/window-sys/khoros
-
- The Khoros Consortium may be contacted at:
-
- Khoral Research Inc.
- 6001 Indian School Road NE
- Suite 200
- Albuquerque, NM 87110
- Voice: 505.837.6500
- Fax: 505.881.3842
- Email: khoros-request@chama.eece.unm.edu
- Email: khorus@chama.eece.unm.edu (User's Group)
- Newsgroup: comp.soft-sys.khoros
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: VIT - VITec Scanner Raster Format
-
- Type: Raster
- Extension: .vit
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: VITec
- Specification:
-
- I have been unable to locate VITec to obtain a .vit file format spec.
- If anyone knows their address then please email it to me.
-
- If you have any VITec files that you need converting, the Image Alchemy
- file conversion Web page will do it for you. You can find the page at:
-
- http://www.handemadesw.com/hsi/web_alchemy.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: VPF - Vector Product Format
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- VPF is a standard format, structure, and organization for large geographic
- databases that are based on a georelational data model. VPF is primarily used
- for organizing and encapsulating such digital geographic databases for
- transmission. More information on VPF may be found in the newsgroup and FAQ
- of comp.infosystems.gis.
-
- The specification for VPF may be found in the following military standard
- document:
-
- MIL-STD-600006, Vector Product Format, 13 April 1992
-
- This MIL-STD may be obtained from:
-
- Naval Publications & Forms Center
- Code 3051
- 5801 Tabot Ave.
- Philadelphia, PA 19120 USA
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: VRML - Virtual Reality Modeling Language
-
- Type: VRML
- Extension: vrml
- Version: 1.0c
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: http://www.eit.com/vrml/vrmlspec.html
- http://vrml.wired/com/proposals/labspec.html
-
- VRML is a proposed design based on the Silicon Graphics Open Inventor ASCII
- file format. Originally called the Inventor VRML, this format has evolved
- into what is now the VRML format.
-
- VRML is also called a "Markup Language" for reasons that it is used in a
- fashion similar to HTML (HyperText Markup Language), but for rendering 3D
- graphics rather than text. VRML, however, is in no way derived from HTML.
-
- The current VRML specification may be obtained from:
-
- http://www.eit.com/vrml/vrmlspec.html
-
- Other sources of VRML specs include:
-
- http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/vrml1.0/vrml10-3.html
- http://www.mediatel.lu/mmedia/render/vrml1.0c/vrml10c.html
-
- Questions about VRML may be directed to:
-
- Mark Pesce, Enterprise Integration Technology, Inc. <mpesce@netcom.com>
- Anthony Parsi, Labyrinth Group <dagobert@netcom.com>
- Gavin Bell, Silicon Graphics, Inc. <gavin@sgi.com>
-
- The original Inventor-VRML specification may be obtained from:
-
- http://www.sgi.com/Technology/Inventor/VRML/VRMLDesign.html
-
- The Labyrinth VRML specification may be obtained from:
-
- http://vrml.wired.com/proposals.labspec.html
-
- VRML Research and Sample images:
-
- http://www.sdsc.edu/vrml
- http://www.sgi.com/FreeStuff/Cool-Scene.vrml
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: WebOOGL - Web Object Oriented Graphics Library
-
- Type: VRML
- Extension: oogl
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification: http://www.geom.umn.edu/docs/weboogl/weboogl.html
-
- WebOOGL is a OOGL-based format used for describing 3D graphics on the World
- Wide Web. This format supports the embedding of URL links within 3D objects
- and allows multiple WebOOGL objects found at different locations on the Web
- to be combined into a single scene.
-
- Additional information om the use of OOGL as a VRML may be obtained from:
-
- http://vrml.wired.com/proposals/oogl.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: WMF - Microsoft Windows Metafile
-
- Type: Metafile
- Extension: WMF
- Version:
- Compression: None
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer: Microsoft Corporation
- Specification:
-
- WMF is the native vector file format for the Microsoft Windows operating
- environment. WMF files are actually a collection of GDI (Graphics Device
- Interface) function calls also native to the Windows environment. When a WMF
- file is "played back" (typically using the Windows PlayMetaFile() function)
- the graphics is rendered. WMF files are device-independant and have no limit
- to their size.
-
- Most books on Microsoft Windows programming contain sections on the internals
- of WMF files. The closest thing Microsoft has for a specification for the WMF
- format is in Volume 4 of the Microsoft Windows Software Development Kit
- Programmer's Reference. Chapter 3 details the internals of the Metafile
- Format.
-
- The Microsoft Knowledge Base (available at ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/kb/ and on the
- Microsoft Developer Network CD) also contains the complete specification of
- WMF. I also highly recommend the book:
-
- Inside Windows File Formats, Tom Swan, Sams Publishing 1993.
- ISBN 0-672-30338-8 $24.95 softcover, 337 pages.
-
- The placeable metafile format was created by Aldus Corp. to allow the
- positioning of a Windows metafile on a printed page. These metafiles have
- a 22-byte header then must be stripped before they can be used by the
- Windows API. Have a look at the following Microsoft Knowledge Base article:
-
- http://www.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/METAFILE.EXE
- This archive contains the METAFILE.HLP help file that describes
- the WMF file format.
-
- http://www.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/PLAYMETA.EXE
- This archive contains sample Windows code to manipulate WMF files.
-
- http://www.microsoft.com/developr/MSDN/OctCD/METAFI.ZIP
- This archive contains the METAFI.HLP help file that describes
- the WMF file format.
-
- Also have a look at:
-
- http://www.r2m.com/windev/
- Internet Resources for Windows Developers
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: WPG - WordPerfect Graphics Metafile
-
- Type: Metafile
- Extension: wpg
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- WPG is the native graphics file format of the WordPerfect Corporation line
- of software products. For this reason it is common to find WPG files in
- MS-DOS, Microsoft Windows, Apple Macintosh, and Unix environments.
-
- WPG files may store bitmapped or vector graphics data, or Encapsulated
- PostScript data as well. Bitmapped data may be up to 24-bits deep and
- selectable from a palette of 256 colors.
-
- The WPG specification is published in the WordPerfect Corporation
- Developer's Toolkit for PC Products. This toolkit is available directly
- from WordPerfect Information Services:
-
- WordPerfect Information Services
- Voice: 801.225.5000
-
- Technical questions regarding WPG may be directed to:
-
- WordPerfect Manufacturer/Developer Relations Department
- Voice: 801.228.7700
- Fax: 801.228.7777
- CompuServe: 72567,3612
-
- And if all else fails:
-
- WordPerfect Corporation
- 1555 North Technology Way
- Orem, UT 84057
- Voice: 800.526.4477
- Fax: 801.222.5077
- BBS: 801.225.4414
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: X3D - x3d and xdart Formats
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: XBM - X BitMap
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- XBM is a native file format of The X Window System and is used for storing
- cursor and icon bitmaps that are used in the X GUI. XBM files are quite
- different in that they are actually C language source files that are
- created to be read by a C compiler rather than a graphical display
- program.
-
- XBM data is typically found in headers (.h files) and are a series of
- static unsigned char arrays containing the monochrome pixel data. There is
- one array per image stored in the header.
-
- XBM was created by the X Consortium as part of the X Window System. Refer
- to the /bitmaps directory of the X Window distribution for examples of XBM
- files. The central FTP distribution site for X version 11 is:
-
- ftp://ftp.x.org
-
- Reference works describing XBM include:
-
- Xlib-C language X Interface, Gettys, James, and Robert W. Scheiffler,
- Consortium Standard, X Version 11, Release 5, First Revision, August 1991.
-
- Xlib Programming Manual, Nye, Adrian, third edition, O'Reilly & Associates,
- Inc. Sebastopol, CA, 1992.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: XOF - RenderMorphics
-
- Type: 3D
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- RenderMorphics created the 3D renderer Reality Lab.
- RenderMorphics was aquired by Microsoft in February 1995.
- RealityLab is now a core component of Windows95.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: XPM - X PixMap
-
- Type:
- Extension:
- Version:
- Compression:
- Color Depth:
- Maintainer:
- Specification:
-
- XPM is a defacto standard for storing monochome, gray-scale, and color
- pixmap data to disk under the X Window system. XPM files, like XBM files,
- are C source code files, with each pixmap being defined as a static char
- array.
-
- The XPM format was created through the work of the KOALA Project at Groupe
- Bull Research. Questions about XPM may be directed to:
-
- BULL Research
- c/o INRIA
- 2004 route des Lucoiles
- 06565 Valbonne Cedex
- France
- Email: lehors@sophia.inria.fr
-
- You may subscribe to the XPM mailing list by sending a subscription request
- to:
-
- xpm-talk-request@sophia.inria.fr
-
- The XPM library (a collection of utilities that read and write XPM files)
- version 3.2g (April 1993) may be obtained via FTP from:
-
- ftp://avahi.inria.fr/contrib/xpm.tar.Z
- ftp://export.lcs.mit.edu
-
- And a collection of XPM files (mostly icons) resides at:
-
- ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/AIcons
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: WSQ - Wavelet-packet Scalar Quantization Format
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: .wsq
- Version:
- Compression: Wavelet
- Color Depth: 1-bit
- Maintainer: Los Alamos
- Specification: ftp://ftp.c3.lanl.gov/pub/WSQ/documents/wsqSpec2.ps.Z
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: XWD - X Window Dump
-
- Type: Bitmap
- Extension: .xwd
- Version:
- Compression: None
- Color Depth: Unlimited
- Maintainer: X Consortium
- Specification: ftp://ftp.x.org/
-
- XWD is used to store screen dumps created by the xwd client process in the
- X Window System. The image of any window or the background may be saved
- (dumped) to an XWD file. Using the following command:
-
- xwd -root > bg.xwd
-
- The background is saved to the file bg.xwd. By replacing the "root" flag
- with the ID of a window, only that window will be saved to the XWD file.
-
- XWD was created by the X Consortium as part of the X Window System. Refer
- to the /usr/include/X11 directory for header files (XWDFile.h) that define
- the X10 and X11 versions of the XWD format. The central FTP distribution
- site for X version 11 is:
-
- ftp://ftp.x.org
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: III. Document Sources
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: 0. U.S. Government and Military Standards Sources
-
- The following organizations provide U.S. Government and Military documents
- concerning graphics formats and standards:
-
- Department of Defense
- Joint Interoperability Engineering Organization
- Center for Standards
- 10701 Parkridge Boulevard
- Reston, VA 22091-4398 USA
-
- Standardization Documents Ordering Desk
- 700 Robbins Avenue
- Building 4D
- Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094 USA
-
- Naval Publications & Forms Center
- Code 3051
- 5801 Tabot Ave.
- Philadelphia, PA 19120 USA
-
- Defense Information Systems Agency
- Center for Standards
- Attn: TBCE, Rm 3304
- 10701 Parkridge Blvd
- Reston, VA 22091 USA
- Voice: 703.487.3536
- Email: edi@itsi.disa.mil
-
- Department of Defense Single Stock Point (DODSSP)
- Special Assistance Desk
- Open 7:30AM to 4PM EST Mon-Fri
- Voice: 215.697.2667
- Voice: 215.697.2179
-
- Department of Defense Single Stock Point (DODSSP)
- Subscription Services Desk
- 700 Robbins Avenue
- Building 4D
- Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094 USA
- Voice: 215.697.2569
-
- Navy Print On Demand System (NPODS)
- Telespecs automated document ordering system
- Open 7AM to 10PM EST Mon-Fri
- Voice: 215.697.1187 thru .1198
-
- CALS Policy Office
- DASD(S)CALS Pentagon
- Room 2B322
- Washington, DC 20301
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: 1. International Standards Document Sources
-
- Many graphics file formats and graphical information transfer protocols are
- ANSI/ISO standards and may be obtained through the following offices:
-
- International Standards Organization (ISO)
- 1 rue de Varembe
- Case Postal 56
- CH-1211 Geneva 20
- Switzerland
- Voice: 011 41 22 749 0111
- Fax: 011 41 22 733 3430
- WWW: http://www.iso.ch/
-
- American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
- Customer Service
- 11 West 42nd Street, 13th Floor
- New York, NY 10036 USA
- Voice: 212.642.4900
- Fax: 212.398.0023
- Fax: 212.302.1286 (sales)
- Email: jhoward@ansi.org
- WWW: http://www.ansi.org/
-
- Canadian Standards Association (CSA)
- Sales Group
- 178 Rexdale Boulevard
- Rexdale, Ontario, M9W 1R3
- Voice: 416.747.4058
- Fax: 416.747.4149
- WWW: http://www.csa.ca/
-
- International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
- Information Services Department
- Place des Nations
- CH 1211 Geneva 20
- Switzerland
- Voice: 011 41 22 730-6666 or 730-5554
- Fax: 011 41 22 730-5337
- Email: helpdesk@itu.ch
- X.400: S=helpdesk; A=arcom; P=itu; C=ch
- WWW: http://www.itu.ch/
-
- International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
- 3 rue de Varembe
- CH 1211 Geneva 20
- Switzerland
- Voice: 011 41 22 919 0211
- Fax: 011 41 22 919 0301
- FTP: ftp://ftp.iec.ch/
- WWW: http://www.iec.ch/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: 2. Commercial Document Sources
-
- Global Engineering Documents
- 2805 McGaw Avenue
- Irvine, CA 92714 USA
- Voice: 800.854.7179
- Voice: 714.261.1455
- Fax: 202.331.0960
-
- Global Info Center
- 18201 McDurmott West
- Suite B
- Irvine, CA 92714 USA
- Voice: 714.474.5070
- Fax: 714.474.4066
-
- Document Center
- 1504 Industry Way, Unit 9
- Belmont, CA 94002 USA
- Voice: 415.591.7600
- Fax: 415.591.7617
-
- Phillips Business Information
- 1201 Seven Locks Road
- Potomac, MD 20854 USSA
- Voice: 301.424.3338
- Voice: 800.777.5006
- Fax: 301.309.3847
- Email: clientservices.phi@phillips.com
- WWW: http://www.phillips.com/
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: 3. Other Standards Sources
-
- Here's a collection of Web site pointers to many other standards
- organizations. You can also find more information in the Usenet
- Standards FAQ posted to the comp.protocols.iso, comp.std.misc,
- comp.std.internat, comp.answers, and news.answers newgroups.
-
- http://www.smartpages.com/faqs/standards-faq/faq.html
- http://www.ansi.org/resource.html
- http://www.iso.ch/stbodies.html
- http://stdbbs.ieee.org/faqs/othstdsorg.html
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: IV. Kudos and Assertions
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: 0. Acknowledgments
-
- The following people have made this FAQ take just a little bit longer to
- read since the last time you looked at it (blame them and not me):
-
- Bjorn P. Brox <brox@corena.no>
- Mike Beanes <mike@virage.com>
- John Cristy <cristy@magick.es.dupont.com>
- Michael Dillon <michael@memra.com>
- Ben Discoe <ben@sense8.com>
- James Durham <durhamj@CC.IMS.DISA.MIL>
- Bruce Garner <garner@tis.llnl.gov>
- Eric Haines <erich@eye.com>
- Glenn Herteg <glenn@ia-us.com>
- Chris Komnick <komnick@group42.com>
- Tom Lane <tgl@netcom.com>
- Stanley F. Quayle <quayle@scriptel.com>
- Glenn Randers-Pehrson <glennrp@arl.mil>
- Jonathan Shekter <jshekter@interlog.com>
- Marc Soucy <msoucy@imetric.qc.ca>
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: 1. About The Author
-
- The author of this FAQ, James D. Murray, lives in the City of Orange,
- Orange County, California, USA. He is the co-author of the book
- Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats published by O'Reilly and
- Associates, makes a living writing books for O'Reilly, writing
- telecommuncations network management software in C++ and Visual Basic,
- and may be reached as jdm@ora.com,
- or via U.S. Snail at: P.O. Box 70, Orange, CA 92666-0070 USA.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: 2. Disclaimer
-
- While every effort has been taken to insure the accuracy of the
- information contained in this FAQ list compilation, the author and
- contributors assume no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for
- damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: 3. Copyright Notice
-
- This FAQ is Copyright 1994-96 by James D. Murray. This work may be
- reproduced, in whole or in part, using any medium, including, but not
- limited to, electronic transmission, CD-ROM, or published in print, under
- the condition that this copyright notice remains intact.
-
- ------------------------------
-
-