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- From: "Lars Rune Foleide" <larsrune@sf.telia.no>
- Subject: Lars' Dreaming FAQ
- Newsgroups: alt.dreams,alt.dreams.lucid,alt.out-of-body,alt.answers,news.answers
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- Summary: This FAQ answers Frequently Asked Questions about Dreaming.
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- Archive-name: dreams-faq/general
-
- Dreaming FAQ
-
- Table of Contents:
-
- 1. General
- 1.1. Does everybody dream?
- 1.2. Why do we dream?
- 1.3. How can I increase my dream recall?
- 1.4. How do external stimuli affect my dreams?
- 1.5. Do substances like drugs, herbs and foods affect our dreams?
- 1.6. Is it possible to control your dreams?
- 1.7. Is sleep deprivation dangerous?
-
- 2. Dream interpretation and symbols
- 2.1. Can you interpret this dream for me?
- 2.2. What does this [symbol] mean?
- 2.3. Is this [dream scene] common?
- 2.4. Is there anything special about recurring dreams?
-
- 3. Sleep paralysis, walking and talking, night terrors, narcolepsy and nightmares
- 3.1. What causes sleep paralysis?
- 3.2. Information about sleep walking
- 3.3. Information about sleep talking
- 3.4. What are night terrors?
- 3.5. What is narcolepsy?
- 3.6. What causes nightmares?
-
- 4. Paranormal issues
- 4.1. Can dreams predict the future?
- 4.2. Is it possible to share dreams?
- 4.3. Can I view distant locations from my dreams?
-
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- 1. General
-
- 1.1. Does everybody dream?
- Yes. All humans (and mammals) have REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep. The most vivid dreaming
- occurs in REM-sleep. You start a new REM phase roughly every 90-minute throughout the whole
- night with increasing duration. But all this can change depending on what you eat, if you are
- on drugs, or if you have missed your REM sleep for some reason. People stopping with REM
- deprivation drugs will experience a REM rebound. So you dream a lot during the night, and most
- of your dreams are forgotten. If you don't pay attention to them and only sleep a few hours you
- most likely will not remember any dream at all. Dreaming in non-REM tends to be more
- thought-like.
-
-
- 1.2. Why do we dream?
- Dreaming is highly involved in learning and memory. If you have a bad experience, it will be
- digested in your dream. Most likely in a nightmare. Dreams are quite often a reflection of your
- day memory. The protein-synthesis is highly active during REM, so if you want to learn, then
- staying in REM is a good move. REM is also necessary to supply the cornea with oxygen. Delta
- sleep, associated with large, slow brain waves, is what most people call the deepest kind of
- sleep, when you are hardest to awaken. It is necessary for the brain/body to rest and heal. A
- good balance between delta sleep and REM is important for learning. Growth hormones are also
- produced during delta sleep.
-
-
- 1.3. How can I increase my dream recall?
- Some people remember every dream they have; others can't remember any dream. But with the right
- techniques and enough practice virtually everyone can remember their dreams. The first step is
- paying attention to your dreams. Think about them. Write them down. Talk about them. Discuss
- them. Your best recall is when you wake up. So you should write them down or record them with a
- tape recorder right after you wake up. But spend some time recalling as many dreams and details
- you can before you start writing them down. Alarm clocks are dream-killers, so stop using them
- if you want to retain dreams. If you wake up naturally will you most likely wake up from REM
- sleep. So you should get to bed early so that you don't have to use an alarm clock. You can
- still set the alarm clock, but make sure you have gotten to bed so early that you wake up
- before the alarm clock goes off. Sleeping longer will also make you dream more. You will almost
- literally have continual REM sleep after 8-9 hours. If you sleep 9 hours are you almost bound
- to remember at least one dream.
- Waking up several times during the night may increase dream recall and possibly induce Lucid
- Dreams (see my Lucid Dreaming FAQ). Since dreaming has a lot to do with learning and memory
- should you try new activities and learn new things. This will increase dreaming and thereby
- dream recall. Drugs, food and herbs may also affect your dream recall. And as usual the power
- of suggestion is extremely powerful, so you should state, aloud if you want, your intention to
- recall your dreams. Here is also where hypnosis may enter the picture. Listening to hypnotic
- tapes may help a lot.
-
-
- 1.4. How do external stimuli affect my dreams?
- Your senses never rest. Whatever input you get from hearing, vision, smell, touch or taste may
- be incorporated into your dream. You may have dreamed that your alarm clock is ringing in your
- dream, while it is really ringing in the physical world too. This is how lucid dreaming devices
- work. They give your signals as light or sounds that you have to train yourself to recognize.
- But it can go the other way around too. While dreaming lucidly you can command yourself to talk
- while dreaming. This way you can record your dream while it is occurring. Having a tape
- recorder that turns it self on when you speak comes in handy. You can also train yourself to
- move your eyes in a certain pattern.
-
-
- 1.5. Do substances like drugs, herbs and foods affect our dreams?
- Yes. During REM protein-synthesis is highly active, so your body needs high levels of amino
- acids. The neurotransmitter in use during REM is Acetylcholine. It is made from the B-vitamin
- Choline and the vitamin B-5.
-
- But there are more vitamins that can make us dream more. The body can synthesis the B-vitamin
- Choline. But in order to do that it needs vitamin B-12, Folic acid (B-9), the amino acids
- Methionine and Serine. Vitamins B-12 plays a role in the activation of amino acids during
- protein formation. It has also the ability to increase the production of Acetylcholine and
- normalize neurotransmissions in the brain.
-
- Vitamin B-6 is another important vitamin. It is a co-enzyme, which participates in over 60
- enzymatic reactions involved in the metabolism of amino acids. It is involved in the production
- of several body proteins and neurotransmitters. It is particularly indispensable to the action
- of amino acid neurotransmitters, like Serotonin, Dopamine, Melatonin, and Norepinephrine, which
- effect brain function. It is also involved in the metabolism of Selenium, Calcium, and
- Magnesium.
-
- Melatonin is a neurotransmitter/hormone that is only active during sleep. It is being
- metabolized when you fall asleep from Serotonin, a neurotransmitter that is being metabolized
- from the amino acid Tryptophan. Melatonin increases non-REM sleep and makes it easier for you
- to fall asleep. But it has also an interesting rebound effect that gives more frequent and
- vivid dreams. The vividness might even give you a lucid dream.
-
- The amino acid Tryptophan can be metabolized into Serotonin and Niacin (B-3). Vitamin B-6
- promotes this conversion. Taking Niacin or Nicotine patches will increase the Serotonin
- production. The more Niacin you take, the more Serotonin is produced and more Melatonin is
- metabolized. Calcium and Magnesium promotes Serotonin production as well. Zinc is in every cell
- of the body and is a part of over 200 enzymes, so Zinc supplements may increase REM-sleep, too.
-
- DMAE (Dimethylaminoethanol) is a very important B-vitamin. It flows easily through the brain's
- blood barrier, where it is converted into Choline. During REM, Choline is added the coenzyme A
- (Vitamin B-5), and we have Acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter in use during REM.
- 5-HTP (5-Hydroxy-TryptoPhan) is a Serotonin precursor that also flows quite easy through the
- brain's blood barrier. It is a good alternative to Melatonin.
-
- Vitamin C helps metabolizing several amino acids and hormones. It is also important to have
- adequate levels of amino acids. A few important ones are Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, Methionine,
- Cysteine, Serine and Tryptophan.
-
- Using Tobacco, Alcohol or Coffee prohibits the absorption of necessary vitamins and amino
- acids. Depressants suppress REM sleep, one is Alcohol, but taken in right doses can create a
- rebound effect so that you wake up remembering many vivid dreams. And anti-depressants may
- increase dream recall. Caffeine will make you sleep lighter, will increase your dream recall
- and maybe even give you a lucid dream. Herbs like Valerian, Mugwort, Mullein, Kava Kava,
- Dittany of Crete, St. Johns Wort, Calea Zacatechichi, Salvia Divinorum, Scutellaria Indica,
- Licorice Root, Vervain, Jasmine, Honeysuckle, Datura, Bee Pollen, Catnip, Hops, Scullcap,
- Mimosa, Lavender, Damiana, Withania Somnifera, Passionflower, Chamomile, Cardamom, Gotu Kola,
- Ginkgo Biloba, Ibogaine, Verbena, Rose, Cinnamon, Marigold, Nutmeg, Peppermint, Holly, Yarrow
- and Anise may help you dream more, recall more or even have a Lucid Dream. Make sure you know
- more about these herbs before you use them: some are to be used in pillows, some are to be
- smoked, some are to be used in tea, etc. And finally we have psychedelic drugs like DXM that
- may induce Lucid Dreams. Some of the drugs and herbs can be addictive, and be poisonous if
- taken in too large doses. Crystals and Magnets may also affect your dreams.
-
-
- 1.6. Is it possible to control your dreams?
- Yes. If you are aware that you are dreaming can you develop full conscious control over the
- dream. These are referred to as lucid dreams and it is one of the most exciting part about
- dreaming. But more on this will be discussed on the Lucid Dreaming FAQ. Have you tried Virtual
- Reality? Well, VR is a flop compared to Lucid Dreaming. Things can't get more virtually real
- than in a lucid dream. You may use all your senses in a lucid dream, yes, even your psychic
- senses!
-
-
- 1.7. Is sleep deprivation dangerous?
- Yes. REM deprivation:
- Increased frequency of occurrence, duration and intensity of REM.
- Increase in seizure threshold, and progressive rise in heart rate.
- Increased activity, food motivation and sexual behavior.
- No major emotional problems.
-
- Delta sleep-deprivation:
- Prolonged sleep deprivation (+48 hours) results in severe mental disturbance, attention
- deficit, withdrawing, visual complaints, hallucinations and time distortion. After 5 days you
- may even end up in a mental institution.
-
-
- 2. Dream interpretation and symbols
-
- 2.1. Can you interpret this dream for me?
- As shown by Dream researcher Jon Tolaas, day-memory is often incorporated into the dream. Many
- times negative, ambivalent or neutral events are incorporated. It is difficult to answer why
- mostly negative events are incorporated, it may be that the negative events make stronger
- impressions on us. Or that not many positive events occur during the day. It may be that the
- brain is working on these negative events so that it may handle it better next time. The most
- qualified person to interpret your dream is yourself, you know all the details from the dream,
- you remember what you did the previous day and you know what your problems are. But dream
- interpretation isn't always that easy. If you fail to interpret your dream, it is nice to know
- that there are many people on the internet that you can turn to. A good place to start is
- posting your dream to alt.dreams. But sit down and think about your dream before doing so, try
- to find the meaning and try to think about what you have done the last few days. Keep in mind
- that the language of dreams are metaphors. Sharing dreams with others are a great way of paying
- attention to your dreams. Writing them down, reading those of others and discussing them will
- increase your dream recall. Be sure to include factors from your life that might be relevant to
- your dream. This may help on the interpretation.
-
-
- 2.2. What does this [symbol] mean?
- Symbols are one way of interpreting dreams. Researchers have tried to find, for each common
- dream occurrence, a psychological situation that matches the dream in some way and link it as a
- cause. A well-known example of this approach is Freud's interpretation. Asking for symbols
- allows for (sometimes too easy) interpretation of dreams by given rules. But this is a
- questionably approach. Dream interpretation using a catalog of symbols doesn't take into
- account individual differences between dreamers. You can imagine this flaw by taking into
- account that the cultural background is an important point that should not be neglected.
- Freud's theories, that give high importance to hidden signs of sexual desires, are based on a
- society that has suppressed sexuality. And so on. In a more global context, asking for special
- symbols is of dubious value. Nonetheless, in a certain given context, these symbols can have a
- valuable meaning.
-
-
- 2.3. Is this [dream scene] common?
- Probably so, one way of finding that out is posting your dream to alt.dreams. You might also
- stick around and see if other people post similar dreams. Or you might check the archive at
- www.dejanews.com and maybe do a search on a few keywords from your dream.
-
-
- 2.4. Is there anything special about recurring dreams?
- Yes. If you have recurring patterns or themes in your dreams, they deserve special attention.
- They indicate thoughts that occupy the dreamer a lot, consciously or unconsciously. You should
- try to compare the context of your dream with your current life situation or problems. It is
- very likely your subconscious that is trying to tell you something. You should try to figure
- out what the dream means and make some changes to your life.
-
-
- 3. Sleep paralysis, walking and talking, night terrors, narcolepsy and nightmares
-
- 3.1. What causes sleep paralysis?
- Your body is paralyzed during REM, your body can't even stand (This is why sleep walking happen
- in other stages of sleep). Sometimes does the body fails to turn on your muscles immediately
- after REM. Normally this condition lasts only a few seconds, but sometimes can it go on for
- minutes, which causes a very scary feeling. But just remain calm, it will pass. And it is not
- at all dangerous. You should also know that sleep paralysis is great for leaving your body.
- Again, leaving your body is not dangerous either.
-
-
- 3.2. Information about sleep walking
- The body is paralyzed during REM, so sleep walking occurs in other stages of sleep. It is quite
- common among children, and can be quite confusing if you find yourself in other places than
- your bed when you wake up. People have even managed to lock themselves outside their own house.
- You can dream in other stages than REM, but these dreams are much less vivid.
-
-
- 3.3. Information about sleep talking
- Your whole body is normally paralyzed during REM. Your senses remain active, and sometimes it
- happens that you partly act out your dream. So you may talk while sleeping if your muscles
- aren't fully paralyzed. We know that we can dream in non-REM sleep, maybe not as vivid, but
- enough to talk. Most sleep talking occurs in non-REM. In a Lucid Dream can you also command
- yourself to talk while dreaming.
-
-
- 3.4. What are night terrors?
- Night terrors are nightmare-like attacks that occur during non-REM sleep which often involve
- movement and screaming. Those experiencing them usually have no dream recall or recollection of
- the experience. Young children, about 2% of them, mostly experience this. It occurs usually
- within two hours after going to bed. A good way of relieving these experiences is finding out
- when these terrors occur, and then set the alarm clock to 15 minutes before the terrors start.
- Do this the rest of the night, for seven days. In most cases does the terrors stop. If they
- start again, then do the program once more.
-
-
- 3.5. What is narcolepsy?
- Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder with no known cause. Its onset can occur at any time
- throughout life, but its peek onset is during the teen years. The main characteristic of
- narcolepsy is excessive and overwhelming daytime sleepiness, even after adequate nighttime
- sleep.
-
- A person with narcolepsy is likely to become drowsy or to fall asleep, often at inappropriate
- times and places. Daytime sleep attacks may occur with or without warning and may be
- irresistible. They may also experience periods of catalepsy, temporary decrease or loss of
- muscle control, especially when getting excited. Hypnagogic hallucinations, vivid, often
- frightening, dream-like experiences, occur while falling asleep or waking up. Sleep paralysis,
- temporary inability to talk or move when falling asleep or waking up. It may last a few seconds
- to minutes. In addition, nighttime sleep may be fragmented with frequent awakenings. Daytime
- sleepiness, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations can also occur in people who do not
- have narcolepsy. If sufficiently troublesome can be reduced significantly in some people with
- Tricyclic antidepressants (eg. Imipramine), which suppress REM sleep.
-
-
- 3.6. What causes nightmares?
- Nightmares are often a product of our fears. You will tend not to have nightmares if you rid
- yourself of fears. So find out what your fears are, and try to conquer them. Nightmares,
- however, can also be an early symptom that a disease is developing or that an attack is about
- to occur.
-
- If you are afraid of dying, then you should know that a lot suggest that you have a life after
- death, and whenever you want can you return to the physical world. This is called
- reincarnation. Just study Ian Stevenson's work if you want scientific evidence. If you have
- other fears, like spiders, there are a few effective things you can do about them. We have
- virtual reality, but since we are dealing with dreaming here anyway, it is better to bring up
- Lucid Dreaming. Whenever you have a nightmare you should try to visualize a different ending on
- the dream. By doing this you may experience that it is a dream and we all know that dreams
- aren't dangerous. When lucidity is gained, you can confront whatever is scaring you. Once that
- is done can you continue exploring the wonderful world of Lucid Dreaming.
-
-
- 4. Paranormal issues
-
- 4.1. Can dreams predict the future?
- Yes. This is done all the time. I guess you have experienced a deja-vu. Most children do. Some
- people have these experiences as adults too, and some have even gained control over this
- ability. It is possible to travel in time from a Lucid Dream. But this will be discussed in the
- Lucid Dreaming FAQ. These experiences that predict the future have been labeled Precognitive
- dreams. Spontaneous Precognitive dreams happen all over the world and are being frequently
- reported. But not many controlled scientific experiments have been done on this phenomenon, but
- those that I am aware of prove them to be real. Two experiments done by Maimonides Hospital in
- Brooklyn, New York gave significant results. The testperson was the psychic Malcom Bessent, and
- the project was lead by Montague Ullman. Bessent slept in the laboratory for 8 nights, were he
- tried to dream about an unknown event that should take place each morning after he woke up. It
- was a hit 5 out of those 8 nights. Chance for this being a coincidence is 18:100 000
- (p.=.00018). The second experiment tried more to avoid possible explanations like telepathy and
- clairvoyance. The experiment lasted 16 nights, where 8 of them were precognitive nights and 8
- of them were normal nights. What happen the morning after the precognitive night was decided by
- random numbers. On this experiment was there also 5 hits out of 8 nights.
-
- Those wanting to study the details can go over the reports:
- Krippner, S., Ullman, M., and Honorton, C.
- A precognitive dream study with a single subject.
- Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 65:192-203,1971.
-
-
- Krippner, S., Honorton, C., and Ullman, M.
- A second precognitive dream study with Malcolm Bessent.
- Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 66:269-279,1972.
-
-
- Ullman, M., and Krippner, S., with Alan Vaughan.
- Dream Telepathy. New Yourk: Macmillan, 1973.
-
-
- Here are other reports on the subject of precognitive dreams:
- Sondow, N. The decline of precognized events with the passage of time:
- Evidence from spontaneous dreams.
- Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 1988, vol. 82,
- 33-51.
-
-
- Stowell, M. S. Precognitive Dreams: A phenomenological study. Part I:
- Methodology and sample cases.
- Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 1997, vol. 91,
- 163-220.
-
-
- Stowell, M. S. Precognitive Dreams: A phenomenological study. Part II:
- Discussion.
- Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 1997, vol. 91,
- 255-304.
-
-
- Stevenson, I. A review and analysis of paranormal experiences connected
- with the sinking of the Titanic.
- Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 1960, 54, 153-171.
-
-
- Stevenson, I. Seven more paranormal experiences associated with the sinking
- of the Titanic.
- Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 1965, 59, 211-225.
-
-
- Stevenson, I. Precognition of disasters.
- Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 1970, 64, 187-210.
-
-
- Van de Castle, R. L. Sleep and Dreams. In: B. B. Wolman (Ed.), Handbook of
- Parapsychology. New York & London:
- Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, 1977, pp. 473-489.
-
-
- Barker, J. C. Premonitions of the Aberfan disaster.
- Journal of the American society for Psychical Research, 1967, 44, 169-181.
-
-
- Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research (JASPR) is
- available by subscription from the
- American Society for Psychical Research,
- 5 West 73rd St
- New York, NY 10023
- http://www.aspr.com
-
-
- Other books with evidence on the precognitive phenomenon is
- The Conscious Universe from http://www.psiresearch.org
- and a book by the name Margins of Reality.
-
-
- If you want to have precognitive dreams, you should check out my Lucid Dreaming FAQ. And if you
- suspect that you have had a precognitive dream, you should write it down for later
- verification.
-
-
- 4.2. Is it possible to share dreams?
- Yes. Dreams can be shared and people may even have conversations with others with 100%
- accuracy. This is an interesting concept, and again you should be lucid in order to make
- conscious contact with others in your dream. Many people experience similar dreams with friends
- or relatives. This is not uncommon either. Shared dreaming is also called mutual dreaming.
- Telepathy is an area that has been done more research on. The same laboratory that experimented
- with precognitive dreams, have also experimented with dreamtelepathy. They have done 13 various
- experiments with dreamtelepathy, 9 of those gave statistical significant results.
-
- Here are some references to some reports and books:
- Ullman, M., Krippner, S. Dream Studies and telepathy.
- Parapsychological Monographs No. 12. New Youk:
- Parapsychological Foundation, 1970.
-
-
- Ullman, M., and Krippner, S. with Alan Vaughan: Dream Telepathy.
- New York: Macmillian Publishing Company, Inc., 1973.
-
-
- Krippner, S. Dreams and other altered conscious states.
- Journal of Communication, 25(1): 173-182, Winter 1975.
-
-
- Tolaas, J. and Ullman, M. Extrasensory communication and dreams.
- I: B. Wolman (ed.) Handbook of Dreams. New York:
- Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1979, pp. 168-202.
-
-
- Van De Castle, R. Sleep and dreams. I: B. Wolman, (ed.)
- Handbook of Dreams. New York:
- Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1977, pp. 473-499.
-
-
- Krippner, S., Honorton, Ch., and Ullman, M.
- A longdistance "sensory bombardment" study of ESP in dreams.
- Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research, 65:468-475, 1971.
-
-
- Krippner, S., Honorton, Ch., and Ullman, M. A long-distance ESP dream
- study with Malcolm Bessent. Journal of the American Society of
- Psychosomatic Dentistry and Medicine, 20:9-17, 1973.
-
-
- Kogna, I. M. The informational aspect of telepathy. Paper presented
- in absentia, at UCLA symposium, A New Look at ESP, 1969.
-
-
- Mitchell, E. An ESP test from Apollo 14. Journal of Parapsychology.
- 35: 89-107, 1971.
-
-
- Hall, C. Experimente zur telepathischen Beeinflussung von TrΣumen.
- Zeitschrift fⁿr Parapsychologie und
- Grenzgebiete der Psychologie, 10:18-47, 1967.
-
-
- Ross, C. Telepathy and dreams: An attempt at replication.
- Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University, 1972 (Mimeo).
-
-
- Norquiest, J. P. A multidimensional space model for extrasensory
- transmission of mental concepts. Unpublished Master's thesis in
- psychology. Sacramento: California State University, 1977.
-
-
- Other books with evidence on telepathy is The Conscious Universe
- and Margins of Reality.
-
-
- If you want to learn how you can share a dream, you should check out my Lucid Dreaming FAQ. If
- you suspect having had a shared dream, then write it down for later comparing of notes.
-
-
- 4.3. Can I view distant locations from my dreams?
- Yes. This is mostly called Clairvoyance, Remote Viewing, Out of Body Experience or Astral
- Projection. It is a good way of exploring the Universe, there are no limits to distance,
- destination or speed. You can leave your body from a Lucid Dream or on the onset of sleep. How
- to leave your body from a dream will be discussed in my Lucid Dreaming FAQ. And you might also
- check out my Out of Body Experiences FAQ for more info on this. SRI Experiments: 1973-1988. In
- 1988 Edwin May and his colleagues analyzed all psi experiments conducted at SRI from 1973 until
- that time. The analysis was based on 154 experiments, consisting of more than 26,000 separate
- trials, conducted over those sixteen years. Of those, just over a thousand trials were
- laboratory remote-viewing tests. The statistical results of this analysis indicated odds
- against chance of 10^20 to one (that is, more than a billion billion to one). So chance is not
- a viable explanation.
-
- Some references:
- Dean Radin. Ph.D. The Conscious Universe: The scientific truth of psychic
- phenomena. 91-109, 1997.
-
-
- Robert G. Jahn and Brenda J. Dunne. Margins of Reality: The Role of
- Consciousness in the Physical World. 149-191, 1987.
-
-
- If you suspect that you have seen a distant location, then write it down when you wake up for
- later verification. Good Luck.
-
- Credit: Thanks to Jon Tolaas, people at alt.dreams, alt.out-of-body and various mailing lists.
- Disclaimer: I'm not responsible for any action you may take after reading this FAQ.
- Last update: February 1999
- Copyright ⌐ Lars Rune Foleide (larsrune@sf.telia.no) -1999
-
-
-
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