ftp.pasteur.org/FAQ//ftp-pasteur-org-FAQ.zip/FAQ/dogs-faq/service

Internet Message Format | 2004-04-18 | 32.3 KB

Path: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!dreaderd!not-for-mail
Message-ID: <dogs-faq/[e-mail]>
Supersedes: <dogs-faq/[e-mail]>
Expires: 31 May 2004 11:22:46 GMT
References: <dogs-faq/[e-mail]>
X-Last-Updated: 2000/12/04
Approved: [e-mail]
Newsgroups: rec.pets.dogs.info,rec.answers,news.answers
Sender: tittle
Organization: RPD FAQ auto-posting
Followup-To: poster
X-No-Archive: Yes
From: [e-mail] (Cindy Tittle Moore)
Subject: rec.pets.dogs:  Service Dogs FAQ
Summary: Describes various kinds of service dogs, including guide dogs,
         signal dogs, therapy dogs, etc.
Originator: [e-mail]
Date: 17 Apr 2004 11:23:40 GMT
Lines: 689
NNTP-Posting-Host: penguin-lust.mit.edu
X-Trace: 1082201020 senator-bedfellow.mit.edu 569 18.181.0.29
Xref: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu rec.pets.dogs.info:14522 rec.answers:86444 news.answers:269630

Archive-name: dogs-faq/service
URL: http://www.k9web.com/dog-faqs/service.html
Last-modified: 04 Dec 2000

=======
There are many FAQ's available for this group.  For a complete
listing of these, get the "Complete List of RPD FAQs".  This article
is posted bimonthly in rec.pets.dogs, and is available via anonymous ftp
to rtfm.mit.edu under pub/usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/faq-list, via
the Web at http://www.k9web.com/dog-faqs/lists/faq-list.html, or
via email by sending your message to [e-mail] with
send usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/faq-list
in the body of the message.

This article is Copyright 1997 by the Author(s) listed below.
It may be freely distributed on the Internet in its entirety without
alteration provided that this copyright notice is not removed.
It may NOT reside at another website (use links, please) other
than the URL listed above without the permission of the Author(s).
This article may not be sold for profit nor incorporated in other
documents without he Author(s)'s permission and is provided "as is"
without express or implied warranty.
==========


                                 Service Dogs

Author

   Cindy Tittle Moore, [e-mail]
   Copyright 1995-1996

Table of Contents

     * Dogs for the Blind
     * Hearing and Signal Dogs
     * Assistance Dogs
     * Canine Companions for Independence
     * Assistance Dog International (ADI)
     * Paws with a Cause (PAWS)
     * National Education for Assistance Dog Services, Inc.
     * Therapy Dogs

   Please note that while legally speaking, therapy dogs are NOT "service
   dogs" and NOT entitled to the same benefits that service dogs are
   (entrance to any public building or transportation), I have included
   them in this document as a related function for dogs. As you read
   this, please keep in mind that according to the American Disabilities
   Act (federal) any dog assisting a person with a disability is
   considered a service dog (exclusive of therapy dogs). Service dogs are
   entitled to freely access buildings and transportation (buses, trains,
   planes). Proof or certification is not required although many
   organizations that train service dogs give their handlers some sort of
   ID for their dog.

   I have briefly described various "types" of services dogs and listed
   resources (books, organizations) for each. I have in addition profiled
   several specific organizations to give you a further "feel" for how
   these groups work.
     _________________________________________________________________

Dogs for the Blind

   My thanks to Rusty Wright for the information on Guide Dogs. Thanks
   also to Carla Campbell, who contributed substantial additional
   information.

   Dogs can be trained to guide blind people so that they are able to
   negotiate the world otherwise unassisted. They serve as, quite
   literally, the eyes for their owner. It is illegal anywhere in the US,
   or Canada, or Britain, and most other countries, to deny a blind
   person guided by a dog access to any public place. This includes
   stores, restaurants, banks, and anywhere else that dogs might be
   otherwise prohibited. The Americans with Disabilities Act in the US is
   quite clear on this point. The training for such dogs is quite
   demanding, as the dog must be able to navigate sidewalks, streets,
   stairs -- avoiding all obstacles, including overhead ones that may
   injure its owner (but not itself). They must be able to ignore all
   distractions while doing their work.

   Most commonly referred to as "Seeing Eye Dogs" or "Guide Dogs," there
   are in reality many organizations in the US that provide guide dogs
   for blind people. However, while Guide Dogs for the Blind is on the
   west coast (along with Guide Dogs of the Desert and Guide Dogs of
   America, both in southern California, and Eye Dog Foundation in
   Arizona) and The Seeing Eye (among many others) is on the east, nearly
   all 15 schools in the United States serve people nationwide. In fact,
   people can obtain a dog from any of the schools, save five (which
   serve only their own geographical regions), and many dogs from The
   Seeing Eye, Leader Dogs, Guiding Eyes and the other schools work on
   the west coast, while many dogs from Guide Dogs for the Blind work all
   around the country. Geographical location is only one factor in
   selecting a guide dog training school to attend, and rarely is it the
   most important.

   This is not the case in all countries with multiple guide dog training
   facilities. In the U.K., for example, the Guide Dogs for the Blind
   Association (GDBA) operates several regional centers, and sends its
   applicants to the center nearest their home for training. All these
   regional centers are "branches" or "campuses" of the GDBA, unlike the
   diverse American dog guide schools, which are completely independent
   from one another. Unlike American schools, the GDBA's regional
   training centers are centrally controlled, operating under the same
   set of policies, drawing from the same budget and using the same
   training methods. In the United States and Canada, only Guide Dogs for
   the Blind has any "branches" or presence outside their central
   facility. Guide Dogs for the Blind is the first US guide dog training
   program to operate two facilities under the same administration, with
   its new campus in Boring, Oregon (the first class graduated September
   1995).

   The breeds used are yellow and black Labrador Retrievers and German
   Shepherd Dogs, usually. Others can be used, such as Golden Retrievers,
   but usually the centers prefer to use dogs with a high recognition
   potential and some breeds simply seem to be better at being trained
   for guide service.

   The breeds most commonly used as dog guides are Labrador Retrievers,
   Golden Retrievers and German Shepherd Dogs. Approximately 60-70% of
   all working guides in the U.S. are Labradors. (Yellow, black and
   chocolate labs are all used, though most Labradors used as guide dogs
   are yellow or black labs and some schools specifically do not use
   chocolates.) Other breeds, such as Boxers, Flat and Curly Coated
   Retrievers, Border Collies, Huskies, Doberman Pinchers, Rhodesian
   Ridgebacks, Australian Shepherds, German Short-Haired Pointers,
   Dalmatians, and even Standard Poodles are occasionally used by some
   programs. Flat-coated Retrievers, in particular, appear to be gaining
   popularity with guide dog training establishments. Crosses of many of
   these breeds are also used, by some schools, with Lab-Golden, Lab-GSD
   and GSD-Huskie crosses most common. (In Britain and Australia,
   Labrador/Golden and Labrador-Poodle crosses ("Labradoodles") are
   frequently used as guides, and far more crosses are used, in general,
   than by the U.S. schools.)

   Some centers have their own breeding programs, such as Guide Dogs;
   others use local breeders. The trend does seem to be toward
   proprietary breeding programs, although many of the stock, if not used
   as guide dogs will also compete in the more usual kennel club events.
   For example, CH Lobuff's Bare Necessities (black Labrador Retriever)
   was bred by the Guide Dog Foundation for the blind and is producing
   puppies for both the ring and the foundation.

   Labs, Goldens and Shepherds are most popular as guides due to their
   temperament, intelligence, versatility, size and availability. Dogs
   trained as guide dogs must be intelligent, willing workers, large
   enough to comfortably guide in harness and small enough to be easily
   controlled and fit comfortably under restaurant tables and on buses
   and other forms of public transit. The three common breeds used for
   this work were selected because a large number of individuals of these
   breeds met the requirements necessary for a good guide dog and these
   breeds could most easily be matched with the widest range of blind
   people and their needs in a guide. Additionally, these three breeds
   are popular in the United States and obtaining them for training or
   supplementing breeding stock has proved easier than obtaining less
   common, but perhaps equally suitable breeds.

   Families who raise the puppies simply train them in basic dog
   obedience, and stress lots of socialization and good manners. For
   example, if you go to a dog show, you are likely to see several such
   puppies there, learning to take it all in stride. The dogs go back for
   their formal training when they're about 1.5 years old, although they
   can go back as young as 1 year old.

   Children are usually preferred as puppy raisers, hence many coordinate
   with 4-H programs. Interestingly enough, the puppies raised by kids
   are more likely to make it through the formal guide dog training. The
   difference is not drastic, but is "significant." Volunteer puppy
   raisers are encouraged to expose their charges to as many new
   experiences as possible, observing the pups' reactions and providing
   positive reassurance and security for the puppies as they experience
   crowds, cars, strange buildings, other animals and much more. They
   also teach the dogs some of the basic obedience commands such as "sit"
   and "down," but the dogs' instructors will insure that the dogs know
   these and other obedience commands in addition to instructing them in
   guide work, itself.

   When dogs go back for their training they're carefully screened for
   any hip abnormalities and other health problems. If the hips aren't
   very good they're immediately "retired." The formal training takes
   about 6 months.

   Dogs can fail for a variety of reasons. As you might guess, some dogs
   don't transition well from living in a puppy raiser's home to living
   in the kennels and others just get stressed out and fail. The puppy
   raiser gets the option of keeping a dog that failed. If the puppy
   raiser can't keep the dog they can place it in a home. Waiting lists
   for such dogs are usually several years long!

   Before a guide dog is given to a blind person the blind person must
   usually attend training at center. This training is several weeks long
   and during this time the blind person will live on site. People coming
   back to get a replacement dog usually take a "refresher" class.

   A few smaller programs conduct "in home" training, in which an
   instructor brings a trained dog to the student and trains the team in
   their own home area. This is the most rapidly growing area of dog
   guide training, with three new home training programs started since
   1990. Most of these programs are small 1-2 trainer operations and do
   not ever plan to serve as many people as the residential programs can.
   All home training programs currently limit their service to their own
   region of the country, serving only those applicants in their own and
   neighboring states.

   There are pros and cons to both types of training, and they serve
   people with different needs and expectations. The majority of guide
   dog handlers still choose to attend class at a residential training
   facility to receive and train with their dogs.

   There are, in addition to residential training schools and home
   training programs, a few private trainers of dog guides and a few
   blind people who train their own guides.

   There are 15 established programs in the US which train dog guides for
   the blind (as well as several in Canada and in other countries around
   the world, of course.) Of these, Fidelco, Southeastern, two new
   schools in New York state, (Upstate Guide Dog association and Freedom
   Guide Dogs), and a very recently established program in Oregon
   (Northwest Guiding Eyes) serve only people from their own "region."
   The rest serve anyone from the United States or abroad.

  References

   Pfaffenberger, Clarence J. The new knowledge of dog behavior. Foreword
   by J. P. Scott. Consultant on genetics: Benson E. Ginsburg. New York,
   Howell Book House, 1963.

     Gives an excellent history of how Guide Dogs was started, and has
     other interesting information.

   Pfaffenberger, Clarence J., et al., with the editorial assistance of
   Sarah F. Scott. Guide Dogs for the Blind, Their Selection,
   Development, and Training. Amsterdam; New York: Elsevier Scientific
   Pub. Co.; distributors for the U.S. and Canada, Elsevier/North
   Holland, 1976.

     Many specific details on the genetics, training, 4-H project
     coordination, and so forth. Includes a history of the organization.

   Harrington, Paula. Looking ahead: Guide Dogs for the Blind. 1st ed.
   San Rafael, CA: Guide Dogs for the Blind, c1990.

     This one is sort of a "coffee table" book; lots of nice color
     photographs, and it covers the history of Guide Dogs, the training
     (both for the dog and the blind person), the 4-H puppy raisers, and
     lots of other stuff.

  Organizations

   Guide Dogs for the Blind
          http://www.guidedogs.com

   Southwest Guide Dog Foundation, San Antonio TX
          http://cust.iamerica.net/swoidgf/Index.HTM

   Fidelco Guide Dog Foundation
          P.O. Box 142, Bloomfield,CT 06002. 203-243-5200

   Guide Dog Foundation
          371 Jericho Turnpike, Smithtown, New York 11787. 516-265-2121
     _________________________________________________________________

Hearing and Signal Dogs

   Other dogs are trained to assist deaf people, with varying degrees of
   impairment. They alert their owner to a variety of sounds, usually by
   coming up to the person and going back to the source of the sound.
   They will signal on door bell and knocking, phones, smoke alarms,
   crying babies and much more. In the US, they enjoy the same rights of
   access as guide dogs and are to be permitted anywhere, although since
   they are not as widely recognized, their owners often have to display
   an identification card even though this is not legally required (cf
   the U.S. ADA legislation).

  Organizations

   CCI
          See below

   American Humane Association
          5351 S. Roslyn Street, Englewood, Colorado 80111. 303-779-1400.

   Audio Dogs
          27 Crescent Street, Brooklyn, New York 11208. 212-827-2792.

   Dogs for the Deaf
          10175 Wheeler Road, Central Point, OR, 97502. 800-990-DOGS, fax
          541-826-6696. Website: www.dogsforthedeaf.org, email
          [e-mail]. Verified Dec 2000.

   Guide Dog Foundation
          371 Jericho Turnpike, Smithtown, New York 11787. 516-265-2121.

   International Hearing Dog, Inc.,
          Martha Foss (current president and Director), [e-mail],
          //members.aol.com/IHDI/IHDI.html. Verified Oct. '98.

   NEADS (National Education for Assistance Dog Service)
          See below

   San Francisco SPCA, Hearing Dog Program
          2500 16th Street, San Francisco, CA 94103. 415-554-3020.
          Verified March '92.

   Sound Companions
          contact Connie Kniseley at [e-mail] (serves the
          mid-Atlantic states in the US). Verified July '96.

   Handi-Dogs, Inc.
          PO Box 12563, Tucson, Arizona 85732. 602-326-3412 or
          602-325-6466.

   The National Information Center on Deafness at Gallaudet University,
   publishes a fact sheet on hearing ear dogs. It can be obtained by
   sending $1.00 to NICD, Gallaudet University, 800 Flordia Ave., NE,
   Washington, DC 20002. The fact sheet discusses commonly asked
   questions about hearing ear dogs and it lists training programs across
   the U.S.
     _________________________________________________________________

Assistance Dogs

   Here is a large and varied category of dogs who assist their owners in
   ways other than the traditional guide dogs or hearing dogs do. These
   dogs might help pick things up, open and close doors, pull
   wheelchairs, and dozens of other physical assistance tasks.

  Books

   Assistance Dog Providers in the United States by Carla Stiverson &
          Norm Pritchett.

   Pflaumer, Sharon Seizure-alert dogs Dog World 77(l): 42-43, January
          1992
          The article says you can contact Reina Berner, The Epilepsy
          Institute, 67 Irving Place, New York, NY 10003 where a program
          of seizure -alerting dogs is being developed.

  Organizations

   Assistance Dogs International
          See below

   Canine Companions for Independence
          See below

   Canine Helpers for the Handicapped Inc
          Beverly Underwood, 5705 Ridge Rd, Lockport, NY 14094.
          [phone], voice/tty

   Canine Working Companions, Inc
          Pat McNamara, Director, RD 2 Box 170. Gorton Lake Road.
          Waterville, NY 13480. [phone] voice/tdd

   East Coast Assistance Dogs
          West Granby CT; [e-mail]

   Independence Dogs, Inc.
          146 State Line Road, Chadds Ford, PA 19317. 610-358-2723 Phone;
          610-358-5314 Fax; [e-mail]

   National Eduction for Assistance Dog Service (NEADS)
          See below
     _________________________________________________________________

Canine Companions for Independence

   CCI was founded in 1975. They estimate that each of their dogs takes
   about $20,000 to train, a cost covered by donations and volunteer
   work. It is a national-wide organization with many regional chapters.

   National Headquarters
          P.O. Box 446, 2965 Dutton Avenue, Santa Rosa, CA 95402-0446.
          707-577-1700 voice; 707-577-1756 TDD; email:
          [e-mail]

   SW Regional Center
          PO Box 4568, Oceanside CA 92052. 760-754-3300 Voice;
          760-754-3308 TDD

   NC Regional Center
          4989 State Route 37 East, Delaware, OH 43015-9682. 614-548-4447
          V/TDD

   NW Regional Center
          1215 Sebastopol Road, Santa Rosa, CA 95407-6834. 707-579-1985
          V/TDD

   SE Regional Center
          P.O. Box 547511, Orlando, FL 32854-7511. 407-834-2555 V/TDD

   NE Regional Center
          P.O. Box 205, Farmingdale, NY 11735-0205. 516-694-6938 V/TDD

   This organization is involved in training dogs to assist handicapped
   people. They train signal dogs for the deaf, and dogs for physically
   disabled or developmentally disabled persons.

   Canine Companions for Independence has provided highly skilled
   assistance dogs for people with disabilities since 1975. CCI started
   as a small, at-home organization and has grown into a dynamic
   non-profit agency with five regional centers nationwide.

   A Canine Companion's specialized training starts in a volunteer puppy
   raiser's home between 7 and 8 weeks of age. The puppy raiser is
   responsible for the young dog's care, socialization, and the teaching
   of basic commands. At about one year of age, the dog is returned to a
   CCI regional training center for six months of advanced training by a
   professional CCI instructor. The dog is then ready for an intensive
   two-to-three week training camp where its new owner learns to work
   with a fully trained dog.

   It costs more than US$20,000 to breed, raise, and train each Canine
   Companion, yet recipients pay only a US$25 application fee and US$100
   for training seminar supplies. The dog is provided completely free of
   charge. CCI depends entirely on donations; it does not receive
   government funds. CCI also relies heavily on the dedication of its
   many volunteers, who play a vital role in CCI's mission to provide
   exceptional dogs for exceptional people.

   The breeds CCI uses for service and social dogs are black and yellow
   Labs, Golden Retrievers, German Shepherds, and Lab/Golden Retriever
   mix. CCI is moving away from using German Shepherds for two reasons:
   first, a lot of the public view (and fear) German Shepherds as
   "police" or "guard" dogs, and second, German Shepherds bond very
   strongly to people and the program is difficult on them because first
   they form a strong bond to their puppy raiser, then to their trainer
   when they go back to CCI, and then to their eventual handicapped
   owner. For signal dogs they use Corgis and Border Collies.

   CCI will work with people in need of assistance to determine if a
   properly trained dog can provide that assistance. Dogs can be taught
   to retrieve a variety of things -- even to distinguish between
   specific items -- and to manipulate a variety of objects. Monkeys have
   been tried for this purpose, as they are more dexterous. However, they
   are not as reliably trainable and are very expensive, so dogs present
   a much more practical alternative. Given some extensions, such as rope
   handles on doors and light switches, dogs can give a disabled person
   complete mobility within her or his home.

   CCI finds and trains a variety of dogs for different forms of
   assistance: hearing dogs, physically disabled assistant dogs, even as
   therapy dogs. They are all neutered, as with guide dogs. People who
   are to receive one of the dogs are required to attend a two-week
   seminar to learn how to communicate and care for their assistance. As
   needed, the people and their dogs are provided with permits that
   identify the dogs as licensed canine companions -- this is enough to
   gain undisputed entry into most places, as with the more well-known
   Seeing Eye dogs.
     _________________________________________________________________

Assistance Dog International (ADI)

   ADI is a non-profit organization which is an association of other
   non-profit organizations which do training for hearing and mobility
   assist dogs. They are working on a test for street certification for
   the hearing and mobility assist dogs. The idea is to come up with a
   test that can be the standard for the US rather than having each
   state/county having different standards. They also have information on
   many training organizations in the US. They check out reports of
   problems with assist dog trainers (read rip off artists).

  ADI addresses

   President

     Robin Dickson [phone] Dogs for the Deaf, Inc (ALSO ACTIVE
     IN) 10175 Wheeler Road Central Point, OR 97502

   Secretary

     Sheila O'Brian [phone] p.o. box 213 West Boylston MA 01583

   Newsletter for ADI

     Micheal Roche [phone] p.o. box 150217 Lakewood, CO 80215

   Member programs:

     TOP DOG TRAINING PROGRAM 5315 E. Broadway Blvd. Tucson, AZ 85711
     [phone] Members of ADI
     _________________________________________________________________

Paws With A Cause (PAWS)

   For more info, see
   http://www.geocities.com/SouthBeach/Sands/2075/paws.html.
     _________________________________________________________________

National Education for Assistance Dog Services, Inc.

   Thanks to Tom Rich: NEADS client & board member.

   NEADS is a non-profit organization that trains hearing, service,
   specialty, social and service dogs for the classroom.

   A hearing dog responds to important sounds such as fire alarm or smoke
   alarm, telephone ringing, door knock or bell, baby crying a person's
   name being called or household appliances. The dog goes back and forth
   to the sound until his deaf or hard of hearing human partner follows
   him to the source of the sound.

   A service dog retrieves and moves for a person who has a physical
   disability or uses a wheelchair. The dog goes for help, picks up
   things that drop, retrieves from high selves, turns on light switches,
   pulls the wheelchair and carriers essentials.

   A specialty dog does many of the same tasks for a person who has
   multiple disabilities, such as deafness and physical disabilities, and
   needs more specialized help. Services can be trained as needed.

   A social dog works for children and adults who cannot assume total
   responsibility for a working dog but can benefit from the therapeutic
   value of a dog. They are trianed for residential settings such as
   nursing homes, halfway houses and psychotherapy centers. They have the
   advanced skills of a service dog but can be sometimes handled by a
   third party. They are certified for public access.

   A service dog for the classroom is an innovative teaching tool used by
   social workers, therapists, early education and special needs teachers
   working with children with physical, emotional and developmental
   disabilities. The dogs help them teach basic concepts like "up,"
   "under," "down." Children with histories of sexual or physical abuse
   often need a catalyst to prompt disclosure. An assistance dog,
   non-judgemental and unconditionally loving, provides the help
   necessary to identify children in crisis.

   NEADS uses facility-based education, a concept of impressive success.
   This developes a strong working relationship between client ad dog
   while training together for two weeks, learning to work as a team
   under the expert supervision of staff. When they leave clients are
   then fully responsible for the handling, care and health of their with
   continued NEADS outreach support.

   NEADS has trained close to 600 dogs for the above mentioned work. This
   year is NEADS 20th year of providing assistance dog services. NOTE:
   that 75% of the dogs trained by NEADS are pound/shelter rescues.

   For more information : Call [phone] Voice/TDD 9:00 - 4:00 EST
   or FAX [phone]. Monday thru Friday office hours. Or write:
   NEADS, P.O. Box 213, West Boylston, MA. 01583. Or email:
   [e-mail]. (Verified Feb '97.)
     _________________________________________________________________

Therapy Dogs

   Dogs are quite often used in therapy. Typically this involves visiting
   hospitals, care facilities, nursing homes, etc. to cheer up patients.
   There are a variety of groups that train therapy dogs, some local and
   some national. Some use the AKC Canine Good Citizen test to choose
   suitable dogs, others have devised their own Temperament Tests. You
   should note that therapy dogs ARE NOT considered BY LAW in the United
   States to have the same status as SERVICE DOGS. Service dogs directly
   assist their handicapped owners with daily tasks in some fashion;
   therapy dogs are handled by their owners to assist others at specific
   times, such as visits to a facility. Thus laws mandating access for
   service dogs, who must accompany their owners do not apply to dogs who
   need not be with their owners at all times but rather work at specific
   locations.

  Resources

   A national organization that dispenses information about therapy dogs
   is the Delta Society, 289 Perimeter Rd. East, Renton WA 98055-1329,
   vox: 206-226-7357, tty: 800-809-2714; or via email:
   [e-mail]. They put out a magazine called
   Interactions as well.

   Another well-regarded organization is Therapy Dogs International (TDI)
   and they may be reached at [e-mail].

   In addition many local humane societies, breed clubs, and obedience
   clubs do some hospital visitation.

  Books

   *. Therapy Dog.

     Therapy dog training. A good psychology book with gentle training
     methods.

   Harrington, Paula. Looking ahead: Guide Dogs for the Blind. 1st ed.
   San Rafael, CA: Guide Dogs for the Blind, c1990.

     This one is sort of a "coffee table" book; lots of nice color
     photographs, and it covers the history of Guide Dogs, the training
     (both for the dog and the blind person), the 4-H puppy raisers, and
     lots of other stuff.

   Pfaffenberger, Clarence J., et al., with the editorial assistance of
   Sarah F. Scott. Guide Dogs for the Blind, Their Selection,
   Development, and Training. Amsterdam; New York: Elsevier Scientific
   Pub. Co.; distributors for the U.S. and Canada, Elsevier/North
   Holland, 1976.

     Many specific details on the genetics, training, 4-H project
     coordination, and so forth.

   Therapy Dogs- Training Your Dog to Reach Others, by Kathy Diamond
   Davis.

   "Social acknowledgements for children with disabilities: effects of
   service dogs." Bonnie Mader, et. al. Child Development 60:6 p1529-34.

   "The Animal Preference Test and its relationship to behavioral
   problems in young children." E.B. Rojas, et.al. Journal of Personality
   Assessment 57:1, p141-8. Mefford, Eleanor M Bringing Up Baby Dog World
   77(2): 36-38,39 Feb, 1992

     (article is about raising dogs to be used with young children
     suffering from socialization problems and language abilities
     problems)

   Ashby, Ann Gritt Healing war's wounds Dog World 77(7): 40-43, July
   1992

     (article is about using animals as therapy for mentally ill
     veterans)

  Organizations

   Delta Society
          289 Perimeter Rd. East, Renton, WA 98055-1329

   Delta Society Pet Partners Programs
          289 Perimeter Rd. East, Renton, WA 98055-1329. [phone]
          (voice); [phone] (TDD); [phone] (fax);
          [e-mail]

   Therapy Dogs Inc.
          Ann Butrick, 2416 E. Fox Farm Rd., Cheyenne, WY 82007. Phone
          [phone]

   Therapy Dogs International
          Ursula Kempe Administrator 88 Bartley Rd. Flanders NJ 07836.
          Phone [phone], fax [phone]. Email [e-mail], web
          page http://www.tdi-dog.org/

   Therapy Pet Pals of Texas
          Kathryn Lashmit, 807 Brazos St. Suite 312, Austin, TX 78701

   Pet Assisted Therapy Facilitation Certificate Program
          Pearl Salotto, State University of New York. Phone (401)
          463-5809

          Francie Glatt, 1504 N. Wells, Chicago, IL 60610. Phone
          312-280-0266; [e-mail]

   Love on a Leash
          Liz Palika, 3809 Plaza Dr., #107-309 Oceanside, CA 92056. Phone
          [phone]

   PAWS - Pets are Wonderful Support
          P.O. Box 460489, San Francisco, CA 94146-0489. Phone (415)
          824-4040

   Pets and People Foundation
          Sally Jean Alexander, Volunteer Coordinator, 11 Apple Crest
          Road, Weston, MA 02193

   The Human & Animal Bonding Association of Canada (HABAC)
          1111 Finch Ave. West, Suite 453, Downsview, On M3J 2E5 CANADA.
          Tel (fax) 416-441-3212.

   St. John Ambulance Therapy Dogs
          Doreen Newell, Provincial Co-ordinator, 1199 Deyell 3rd Line,
          Millbrook, On. L0A 1G0 CANADA. Tel (fax) 705-932-3626

   International Association of Assistance Dog Partners (IAADP)
          [e-mail]. If you know someone with an Assistance dog, tell
          them to send a 9 x 12 envelope, self addressed, w/2 postage
          stamps to: IAADP * P.O. Box 1326 * Sterling Hts., MI 48311.
          They will receive a free copy of the IAADP quarterly
          newsletter, plus information about the Assistance Dog
          Protection program.

   Cen/SHARE (Center for the Study of Human-Animal Relationships and
          their Environments)
          Research and education, including studies of service dogs and
          their owners. The mailing address is 80 Ford Hall, University
          of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
     _________________________________________________________________


    Service Dogs FAQ
    Cindy Tittle Moore,
    [e-mail]

                                 Hosted by
                                  K9 WEB