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- Subject: rec.pets.dogs: Rhodesian Ridgebacks Breed-FAQ
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- =======
- There are nearly 100 FAQ's available for this group. For a complete
- listing of these, get the "Complete List of RPD FAQs". This article
- is posted bimonthly in rec.pets.dogs, and is available via anonymous ftp
- to rtfm.mit.edu under pub/usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/faq-list, via
- the Web at http://www.zmall.com/pet_talk/dog-faqs/lists/faq-list.html, or
- via email by sending your message to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with
- send usenet/news.answers/dogs-faq/faq-list
- in the body of the message.
-
- This article is Copyright 1996 by the Author(s) listed below.
- It may be freely distributed on the Internet in its entirety without
- alteration provided that this copyright notice is not removed.
- It may NOT reside at another website (use links, please) other
- than the URL listed above without the permission of the Author(s).
- This article may not be sold for profit nor incorporated in other
- documents without he Author(s)'s permission and is provided "as is"
- without express or implied warranty.
- ==========
-
-
- Rhodesian Ridgebacks
-
- _________________________________________________________________
-
- Note: This is an unofficial document about Ridgebacks. The official
- Rhodesian Ridgeback Club of the United States (RRCUS) Information
- packet can be found on line at http://rrcus.org/
- _________________________________________________________________
-
- Table of Contents
-
- * Characteristics and Temperament
- * Frequently Asked Questions
- * Description (Official Standard)
- * Recognized
- * History
- * Special Medical Problems
- * References
- + Books
- + Publications
- + Email list for owners
- + Breed Rescue Organizations
- + Breeders
- + Breed Clubs
- * Selected Other WWW Links of Interest
- * Sources and Authors of This Document
-
- _________________________________________________________________
-
- Characteristics and Temperament
-
- The Rhodesian Ridgeback, sometimes referred to as the African Lion
- Hound, is a native of South Africa. Ridgebacks are sturdy,
- low-maintenance, short-haired dogs, bred by Boer farmers for two
- purposes: hunting lions and staying home with the family while other
- members of the household were out hunting or farming. The breed is a
- very good people dog, bonding well to a family if introduced into the
- family in the first 4-5 years of the dog's life. Ridgebacks are
- usually quite gentle with their family and with people their masters
- introduce to them but are great watchdogs if people they don't know
- appear or sounds they don't understand occur around their home.
-
- Ridgebacks are very smart, responsive, and trainable. They can easily
- master the basics of good canine citizenship: down, stay, come, no
- jump, quiet. They are, like many hounds, independent thinkers. This
- means that they are not traditionally seen competing for advanced
- obedience titles (though some Ridgebacks each year DO get their UD
- titles). Because they are large and intelligent, some obedience
- training is necessary to keep them under control and avoid their
- becoming a nuisance.
- _________________________________________________________________
-
- Frequently Asked Questions
-
- _How is the Ridgeback around children? Other pets? As a watchdog?_
-
- The Ridgeback is an extremely tolerant, excellent companion for
- children, able to amiably withstand a great deal of abuse from even
- the smallest of toddlers. However, no child should be left
- unsupervised around any dog, as either may hurt the other, even
- unintentionally. And due to its large size, younger and more
- excitable Ridgebacks may knock smaller children over by accident.
- The Ridgeback is a gregarious animal, enjoying the company of other
- dogs. Beware of having several male dogs -- this can lead to
- dominance struggles (as is true with several males of many breeds).
- They can be good with cats if brought up with them, but fiercely
- effective in defending their territory from stray dogs and cats.
- The Ridgeback is an excellent natural watchdog and family
- protector, requiring only that the owner has control over it.
-
- _Are they noisy? Do they have any bad habits?_
-
- Ridgebacks tend to bark only when there is something worthwhile to
- bark at (unless one has fallen into bad habits out of boredom).
- They are very athletic, easily able to clear high fences unless the
- owner has taken proper precautions to see that this does not occur.
- Proficient swimmers, they can be an annoyance if the owner does not
- want them in the pool! They are not usually nuisance diggers, but
- can create large pits to escape summer heat if left out of doors. A
- Ridgeback can become a roamer out of boredom, often falling victim
- to automobiles, so it is important to have a properly fenced yard.
-
- _Is the Ridgeback a good house-dog?_
-
- The Ridgeback is an extremely clean dog with little odor, and
- minimal shedding due to the short coat. In general, a Ridgeback
- kept indoors sheds a little all year round, whereas an outside one
- will experience seasonal shedding. They do not drool, except in
- anticipation of food. They are generally easy to housetrain. They
- will take over the furniture unless their owners discourage this
- habit from puppyhood. A happily wagging tail will easily clear off
- low coffee tables.
-
- _Are there any special feeding problems?_
-
- Most Ridgebacks would have to be dead before refusing to eat! They
- can drool quite a bit when their food is being prepared. They will
- inhale their food enthusiastically. Consequently, Ridgeback owners
- need to monitor their dogs' weight and cut back to prevent obesity.
- Sometimes a good cupboard lock is needed to keep a clever dog from
- helping itself.
-
- _How much exercise does a Ridgeback need?_
-
- Like any medium-large dog, Ridgebacks need exercise--a daily romp
- in the back yard or park and a couple of longer trips to the park
- per week should be sufficient. More would be better, but Ridgebacks
- do adapt to their people.
-
- _Are they energetic or hyper?_
-
- A young Ridgeback is a very energetic fellow. But as Ridgebacks
- mature, most of them become much more laid back. One author calls
- them the "kings of dozing." Some say that a mature Ridgeback is
- happiest when either running flat out across a field or flat out
- asleep at your feet. In general, they mature into lovely calm dogs
- that do well when raised with children and other pets.
-
- _Where does that ridge on their back come from?_
-
- The Rhodesian Ridgeback's ancestry includes a dog native to
- Southern Africa--a tribal dog, a companion and a hunter, with a
- ridge of hair growing backwards down its back. European settlers
- admired the hunting ability and temperament of the native dogs and
- bred them with the dogs they had imported from Europe and North
- African colonies. They found that the "cross-breeds" that had the
- ridge had the most desirable hunting ability and temperaments and
- began to breed specifically for the ridge. And thus the breed was
- born.
-
- _Were they really used to hunt lions?_
-
- Yes, when the breed was imported to Rhodesia, the big game hunters
- of the time found them to be excellent hunters and used them to
- hunt lions. They were found to be the only breed of dog that could,
- in a pack, keep a lion at bay for the hunter, and live.
-
- _Are they good for general hunting?_
-
- Yes. The Ridgeback has been used successfully in hunting bobcat,
- mountain lion, bear, coyote, deer, wild boar and raccoon in the US,
- Canada, and Mexico. There have also been reports of Ridgebacks
- having been train to point upland game and retrieve game and fowl,
- but their true talent lies in cornering the prey for the hunter to
- finish off.
-
- _________________________________________________________________
-
- Description
-
- OFFICIAL STANDARD FOR THE RHODESIAN RIDGEBACK
-
- The Ridgeback represents a strong, muscular and active dog,
- symmetrical and balanced in outline. A mature Ridgeback is a handsome,
- upstanding and athletic dog, capable of great endurance with a fair
- (good) amount of speed. Of even, dignified temperament, the Ridgeback
- is devoted and affectionate to his master, reserved with strangers.
- The peculiarity of this breed is the ridge on the back. The ridge must
- be regarded as the characteristic feature of the breed.
-
- SIZE, PROPORTION, SUBSTANCE
- A mature Ridgeback should be symmetrical in outline, slightly
- longer than tall but well balanced. Dogs - 25 to 27 inches in
- height; Bitches - 24 to 26 inches in height. Desirable weight:
- Dogs - 85 pounds; Bitches - 70 pounds.
-
- HEAD
- Should be of fair length, the skull flat and rather broad
- between the ears and should be free from wrinkles when in
- repose. The stop should be reasonable well defined.
-
- EYES
- Should be moderately well apart and should be round, bright and
- sparkling with intelligent expression, their color harmonizing
- with the color of the dog.
-
- MUZZLE
- Should be long, deep and powerful. The lips clean, closely
- fitting the jaws.
-
- NOSE
- Should be black, brown or liver, in keeping with the color of
- the dog. No other colored nose is permissible. A black nose
- should be accompanied by dark eyes, a brown or liver nose with
- amber eyes.
-
- BITE
- Jaws level and strong with well-developed teeth, especially the
- canines or holders. Scissors bite preferred.
-
- NECK, TOPLINE, BODY
- The neck should be fairly strong and free from throatiness. The
- chest should not be too wide, but very deep and capacious, ribs
- moderately well sprung, never rounded like barrel hoops (which
- would indicate want of speed). The back is powerful and firm
- with strong loins which are muscular and slightly arched. The
- tail should be strong at the insertion and generally tapering
- towards the end, free from coarseness. It should not be
- inserted too high or too low and should be carried with a
- slight curve upwards, never curled or gay.
-
- FOREQUARTERS
- The shoulders should be sloping, clean and muscular, denoting
- speed. Elbows close to the body. The forelegs should be
- perfectly straight, strong, and heavy in bone. The feet should
- be compact with well-arched toes, round, tough, elastic pads,
- protected by hair between the toes and pads. Dewclaws may be
- removed.
-
- HINDQUARTERS
- In the hind legs, the muscles should be clean, well defined and
- hocks well down. Feet as in front.
-
- COAT
- Should be short and dense, sleek and glossy in appearance but
- neither wooly nor silky.
-
- COLOR
- Light wheaten to red wheaten. A little white on the chest and
- toes permissible but excessive white there, on the belly or
- above the toes is undesirable.
-
- RIDGE
- The hallmark of this breed is the ridge on the back which is
- formed by the hair growing in the opposite direction to the
- rest of the coat. The ridge must be regarded as the
- characteristic feature of the breed. The ridge should be
- clearly defined, tapering and symmetrical. It should start
- immediately behind the shoulders and continue to a point
- between the prominence of the hips and should contain two
- identical crowns (whorls) directly opposite each other. The
- lower edge of the crowns (whorls) should not extend further
- down the ridge than one third of the ridge.
-
- GAIT
- At the trot, the back is held level and the stride is
- efficient, long, free and unrestricted. Reach and drive
- expressing a perfect balance between power and elegance.
-
- At the chase, the Ridgeback demonstrates great coursing ability
- and endurance.
-
- TEMPERAMENT
- Dignified and even tempered. Reserved with strangers.
-
- SCALE OF POINTS
-
- General appearance, size, symmetry and balance 20
- Ridge 20
- Head 15
- Legs and Feet 15
- Neck and Shoulders 10
- Body, Back, Chest, and Loin 10
- Coat and Color 5
- Tail 5
-
- TOTAL 100
-
- Disqualification: Ridgelessness
-
- Approved by The American Kennel Club and effective September 30, 1992
-
- Recognized by
-
- American Kennel Club
- Canadian Kennel Club
- FCI
- Kennel Club of Great Britain
- Kennel Union of Southern Africa
- _________________________________________________________________
-
- History
-
- The Dutch, German, and Hugenout people who emigrated to South Africa
- in the 16th and 17th centuries brought with them Danes, Mastiffs,
- Greyhounds, Bloodhounds, Terriers, and other breeds. Then, in 1707,
- European immigration to South Africa was closed for a hundred years.
-
- The native Hottentots had a hunting dog that was half wild with a
- ridge on the back formed by the hair growing forward. The only other
- known dog which has such a ridge is found on the island of Phu Quoc in
- the Gulf of Siam. It is unclear whether ridged dogs appeared
- spontaneously in two parts of the world or if they first appeared in
- Africa and then, through commerce, moved with humans to Asia.
-
- Interbreeding between these dogs and those of the settlers eventually
- established the foundation stock for the present day Ridgeback.
-
- The abilities the farmers were looking for in their dogs included:
- flushing a few partridge, pulling down a wounded buck, and guarding
- the farm from maurading animals and prowlers at night. They needed to
- be shorthaired to withstand ticks, able to go 24 hours without water,
- and hold up under the dramatic day-night temperatures on the veldt.
-
- In 1877, Reverend Charles Helm introduced two Ridgebacks into Rhodesia
- where the big game hunters found them outstanding in the sport of
- hunting lions on horseback. They raised and bred these dogs with an
- appreciation of their exceptional hunting qualities. In 1922, a group
- of Rhodesian breeders set up a standard for the Ridgebacks that has
- remained virtually unchanged since.
-
- No one knows when the Ridgeback was first brought into the United
- States. A few were imported prior to 1940, possibly as early as 1912.
- However, after World War II, quite a large number were imported, not
- only into the US, but also into England and Canada. The Ridgeback was
- admitted into AKC registry in 1955.
- _________________________________________________________________
-
- Special Medical Problems
-
- Hip dysplasia
-
- Ridgebacks can come down with hip dysplasia. As in many breeds,
- serious efforts are under way to eliminate the problem. The most
- common tool is by rigorously certifying breeding stock by OFA,
- Orthopedic Foundation for Animals. Good statistics are hard to find,
- but according to some, there are fewer cases than Saint Bernards and
- many giant breeds as well as medium sized breeds such as Golden
- Retrievers and German Shepards. This is partly because of the relative
- rarity of the breed. You should make sure that both dam and sire of
- your prospective puppy have their OFA certification.
-
- Dermoid Sinus
-
- This condition occurs when the skin is not completely closed along the
- dog's spine. While hard to detect at puppyhood, it can be done by
- those experienced in the breed. If dormant, this condition causes no
- problems and the dog can lead a normal life. Unfortunately these
- sinuses or cysts don't often remain dormant. They become inflammed and
- infected. The surgery to correct the sinus is expensive, painful and
- frequently not successful. Most breeders euthanize puppies with
- demoids as soon as they are detected. This condition is fairly rare.
-
- Ridgelessness
-
- Ridgelessness is not a "medical problem" per se, but a genetic fault.
- That is, some Rhodesian Ridgebacks are born without ridges. Again,
- many breeders euthanize these puppies, a subject of some controversy.
-
- A puppy's ridge is very visible when he or she is whelped, but may
- sometimes become harder to judge for estimating "show potential" for
- the puppy's first several weeks of life (i.e., the ridge remains
- clearly visible but the "crowns" or "whorls" may become indistinct for
- a few weeks). However, the ridge does _not_ disappear and reappear.
-
- Further, a Ridgeback's ridge will _not_ develop later in life, so do
- not believe the breeder that tells you the ridge will "come in later."
-
- If you buy a ridgeless puppy or one with a short or imperfect ridge,
- you should expect a lower price and a spay/neuter contract.
-
- _________________________________________________________________
-
- References
-
- Books
-
- _Guide to the Rhodesian Ridgeback_. Published by the RRC of Great
- Britain. Write to RRC of Great Britain, Miss P. Barber, 22 Queensway,
- Old Dalby, Melthon Mowbray, Leicestershire LE14 3QH, England.
-
- Hawley, T.C. _The Rhodesian Ridgeback, The Origin, History &
- Standard_. Hardback. $25 plus postage. Check or money order payable to
- Natalie D. Carlton, 5630 N. Abington Road, Tucson, AZ 85743.
-
- Helgesen, David H. _The Definitive Rhodesian Ridgeback_. 2nd edition,
- paperback. DH Helgesen, Box 141, Pitts Meadows, Brisish Columbia
- V341AO, Canada.
-
- Murray, J.N. _The Rhodesian Ridgeback 1924 to 1974_. Hardback.
- Available from the author, 5 Melbourne Road, YEA, Victoria 3717,
- Australia. Write for cost and postage.
-
- Nicholson, Peter and Janet Parker. _The Complete Rhodesian Ridgeback_.
- Howell Book House. ISBN 0-87605-295-2. 1991.
-
- Woodrow, Ann. _Rhodesian Ridgeback_. Paperback. Write Mrs. J.G.
- Woodgrow, Crookswood Std Farm, Horsleys Green, High Wycombe,
- Buckinghamshire HP14 3XB, England.
-
- Publications
-
- _The RRCUS Annual of Champions_ (a club sanctioned publication). Years
- 1965 to 1988 available from Joe Berger, 12564 Huston St., North
- Hollywood, CA 91607. Write for availability and prices.
-
- _The Ridgeback_: Bi-monthly official publication of the RRCUS.
- Available only with membership.
-
- Pamphlets and RRCUS membership applications are available from RRCUS
- (25198 E. 19th Street, San Bernardino, CA, 92404) Send $2.00 to
- receive the following:
- * Breeder Directory including Code of Ethics
- * 10 page information packet including
- + History of the Breed
- + Dermoid Sinus
- + Frequently Asked Questions
- + Puppy buying tips
- + Hip Dysplasia
-
- _Rhodesian Ridgeback Quarterly_ (an independent publication). Four
- issues per year. RRQ, 4401 Zephyr St. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033-3299.
-
- _________________________________________________________________
-
- Email list for owners
-
- There is an email list for owners, future owners, former owners, and
- other fanciers of Rhodesian Ridgebacks. This list is maintained by
- Richard Gordon, and has been in existence, in one form or another for
- about 4 years. On Februaru 13, 1997, it moved to
-
- pobox.com
-
- To join, send email to majordomo@majordomo.pobox.com with
- subscribe rr-folk
- end
-
- as the first two lines in the body of the message. As of February
- 1997, there are over 580 subscribers to this mailing list.
-
- _________________________________________________________________
-
- Breed Rescue Organizations
-
- Your best bet is to contact the regional Rescue coordinator for your
- state.
-
- RRCUS Rescue Regional Coordinators
-
- New England (NERRC) (Maine, Mass., Vermont, N.H., Conn. R.I.)
- Kathy Milby (401) 397-5919
-
- Mid-Atlantic (GVFRRC) (N.J., DE, Eastern PA & Southern N.Y.)
- Edna Gilbert (609) 384-2903
-
- Capital (MD, VA., West Va, & DC)
- Melody Himel (804) 678-7378
-
- Southeast (N.C., S.C., Georgia & Fla.)
- Barbara Busch (704) 754-5961
-
- Erie (RRAWNY) (Western & Northern N.Y., Western PA.)
- Kelly Byers (716) 434-5372
-
- Mideast (Raisin River) (Michigan, Ind., Ohio & Kentucky)
- Lina Gonterman (517) 522-3308
-
- Midwest (MWRRC) (Minn., Wis., Iowa, Ill., Missouri)
- Barbara Sawyer-Brown (773) 281-5569
-
- Great Plains (N.D., S.D., Neb., Kansas)
- Karyn Finn (605) 692-7244
- finnk@mg.sdstate.edu
-
- Southwest (RRCOT, TVRRCOT, Dallas) (Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana)
- Tami Satterfield (817) 485-9465
-
- South Central (Tenn. Ala., Miss., Ark.)
- Sandra Fikes (205) 639-0969
-
- Northern Rockies (Colorado Ridgebacks) (Northern Col., Montana,
- Wyoming)
- Jeanne Nixon (303) 665-0642
- askeron@aol.com
-
- Southern Rockies (Rocky Mt.) (Southern Col, New Mex., Utah)
- Patty Olney (719) 593-0777
- olney@ix.netcom.com
-
- Northwest (NWRRC) (Wash., Oregon, Idaho)
- Erin Walker (206) 925-2296
-
- Far West (OCRRC & SDRRC) (Cal, Nev., Arizona)
- Elizabeth Akers (510) 825-9258
- resqrij@ccnet.com
-
- National Chair (and for outside of continental U.S.)
- Dana Jefferson (302) 454-7598
- DJefferson@state.de.us
-
- Additional Ridgeback Rescue volunteers are listed in the RRCUS
- Breeders' Directory.
-
- The RRCUS Rescue Packet of Sample Forms and Information Sheets is on
- line at http://rrcus.org/RESCUE/index.html
-
- For further information about Ridgeback Rescue, contact Dana
- Jefferson, Ph. D., National Rescue Chair (302) 454-7598 or
- DJefferson@state.de.us.
-
- _________________________________________________________________
-
- Breeders
-
- * _RRCUS Breeders_: Write to RRCUS, 25198 E. 19th Street, San
- Bernardino, CA, 92404, and request a copy of the most recent RRCUS
- Breeder Directory. All breeders listed in this directory have
- sworn to uphold the RRCUS code of ethics. For $2.00 (to cover the
- cost of postage and printing), you will receive the breeder's
- directory and a packet of information about the breed. This packet
- and breeder's directory are updated every Spring.
- * It is up to the buyer to ascertain whether or not a particular
- breeder meets the buyer's standards and needs.
- * You should feel free to ask a breeder for references. Further, you
- should expect a responsible breeder, whether a member of RRCUS or
- not, to exhibit evidence of careful and prudent breeding.
- + A responsible breeder X-rays the hips of all breeding stock.
- + A responsible breeder will only use dogs free of hip
- dysplasia and free of other major health problems as breeding
- stock.
- + A responsible breeder will have obtained an OFA certification
- of clear hips, or an OFA preliminary X-Ray for all breeding
- stock. (OFA=Orthopedic Foundation for Animals)
- + A responsible breeder will have you register your puppy with
- AKC at the time of your purchase.
- + A responsible breeder will supply you with
- o your puppy's medical record
- o a pedigree
- o an instruction sheet
- o a small supply of your puppy's current food and water
- (or instructions where to purchase the puppy's current
- food)
- o information about the breed
- o a guarantee that the dog will be free of hip dysplasia
- and dermoid sinus and free of vicious propensities if
- the dog is properly trained and treated.
- * And be forewarned: A responsible breeder will probably want to
- determine whether or not you meet his or her standards as a home
- for a puppy. Just as you may ask a breeder for references, don't
- be surprised if a breeder asks _you_ for references.
-
- _________________________________________________________________
-
- Breed Clubs
-
- Rhodesian Ridgeback Club of the United States
- Office of the Corresponding Secretary
- P.O. Box 121817
- Ft. Worth, TX 76121-1817
- (817) 732-3092
-
- Rhodesian Ridgeback Club of the United States
- Public Information Coordinator
- 25198 East 19th Street
- San Bernardino, CA 92404
- (909) 381-3064
- _________________________________________________________________
-
- Selected Other WWW Links of Interest
-
- * Tom Baker's The Visual Ridgeback:
- http://wintermute.sr.unh.edu/ridgeback/ridgeback.html
- Tom is recruiting pictures from RR owners for this page. Access
- the page for details. Also includes links to other RR and canine
- sites.
- * Cindy Tittle Moore's rec.pets.dogs FAQ Homepage:
- http://www.zmall.com/pet_talk/dog-faqs/. The Usenet FAQs include a
- list of Canine WWW sites, Breed FAQs, Activity FAQs, Kennel Club
- FAQs, General Canine FAQs, Canine Mailing Lists, and much more.
- * Terri Watson's Canine Web:
- http://snapple.cs.washington.edu:600/canine/canine.html
- An excellent collection of canine material, including the Canine-L
- mailing list archive, Service Dog Info, Iditarod Info, Vet Info,
- Lost Dogs, and more.
- * The RRCUS home page: http://rrcus.org/. Includes links to other RR
- and canine sites.
-
- _________________________________________________________________
-
- Authors and Sources for This Document
-
- * Richard Gordon, January 29, 1993, (richard@hounddog.us.udel.edu)
- * Cindy Tittle Moore, February 15, 1993, (tittle@netcom.com)
- * David Prager, March 15, 1993, (prager@mdd.comm.mot.com)
- * Handouts from the Rhodesian Ridgeback Club of the U.S.
-
-
- Rhodesian Ridgebacks FAQ currently maintained by
- Richard Gordon, (richard@inte.net)
- Cindy Tittle Moore, (tittle@netcom.com)
- Last Update: Jan. 16, 1997
-