home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Path: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.mathworks.com!newsfeed.internetmci.com!uwm.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!jussieu.fr!univ-lyon1.fr!in2p3.fr!swidir.switch.ch!swsbe6.switch.ch!scsing.switch.ch!news.dfn.de!news.uni-bielefeld.de!linteuto.teuto.de!gin.mens.de!not-for-mail
- From: jpm@gin.mens.de (Jan-Piet Mens)
- Newsgroups: de.comm.isdn,de.comm.internet,de.answers,news.answers
- Subject: TCP/IP over ISDN. Frequently Asked Questions
- Followup-To: de.comm.isdn
- Date: 11 Jun 1996 09:20:26 -0000
- Organization: Home
- Lines: 1676
- Approved: news-answers-request@Mit.edu
- Distribution: world
- Message-ID: <4pjdoq$bsf@gin.Mens.de>
- Reply-To: isdn-faq@mens.de (ISDN/IP FAQ Maintainer)
- NNTP-Posting-Host: gin.mens.de
- Summary: This posting describes methods which can be used to run TCP/IP
- over ISDN Networks. Most of the software described herein has
- been tested only on German ISDN.
- Keywords: tcp/ip,isdn,route,ka9q,ispa,pcroute
- Archive-Name: de-isdn/tcp-ip
- Xref: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu de.comm.isdn:26520 de.comm.internet:21327 de.answers:701 news.answers:74059
-
- Version: $Revision: 1.4 $
- Last-Modified: $Date: 1996/06/11 09:15:40 $
- FAQ: de-isdn/tcp-ip
- Posting-Frequency: monthly
-
- TCP/IP over ISDN. Frequently Asked Questions
- Jan-Piet Mens <mailto:jpm@mens.de>
-
- This document describes methods which can be used to run TCP/IP and
- related protocols over ISDN networks. Most of the software and proce-
- dures described herein have only been tested on German 1TR6 or Euro-
- ISDN (DSS1) networks.
- ______________________________________________________________________
-
- Table of Contents:
-
- 1. Copyright, Version and availability
-
- 2. Introduction
-
- 2.1. Why TCP/IP over ISDN ?
-
- 2.2. What can I do with TCP/IP over ISDN ?
-
- 2.3. What possibilities do I have of running TCP/IP over ISDN ?
-
- 2.4. What solutions exist for use on an MS-DOS PC ?
-
- 2.5. What solutions exist for TCP/IP over ISDN based on Unix ?
-
- 3. Where can I get a connection to a POP (in Germany) ?
-
- 4. Software and configuration samples for creating a PC router
-
- 4.1. Hardware requirements
-
- 4.2. Software requirements
-
- 4.2.1. CAPI
-
- 4.2.2. Packet Drivers
-
- 4.2.3. ISPA
-
- 4.2.4. PCROUTE - an IP routing program for the IBM PC
-
- 4.2.4.1. What is PCROUTE ?
-
- 4.2.4.2. What does PCROUTE support ?
-
- 4.2.4.3. IP-Adresses for PCROUTE
-
- 4.2.4.4. My ISPA and PCROUTE configuration starts dialing
- immediately without my interaction
-
- 4.2.4.5. Tell me more about IP-addresses and PCROUTE
-
- 4.2.4.6. How do I configure the needed routes on UNIX ?
-
- 4.2.4.7. Sample configuration for ISPA and PCROUTE
-
- 4.2.5. ISPA and KA9Q
-
- 4.2.6. A fully functional router with all required files
-
- 4.3. How can I use two Teles.S0 ISDN cards in a PC-router ?
-
- 4.3.1. PAPI Packet Driver
-
- 4.3.1.1. Howto use PAPI
-
- 4.3.1.2. Sample configuration PAPI and PCROUTE
-
- 4.3.2. INS/CLS software
-
- 4.3.2.1. ISDNPKT
-
- 4.3.2.2. IPSWITCH
-
- 4.3.2.3. Configuration tips
-
- 4.3.2.4. Tested configurations
-
- 4.4. Other useful software
-
- 4.4.1. What is PCBRIDGE ?
-
- 4.4.2. How can I test my Packet-Driver/my ISPA ?
-
- 4.4.3. What is cFos (Fossil) ?
-
- 4.4.4. Are there free implementations of ISDN/IP for Unix/Linux ?
-
- 4.4.5. What is SLX ?
-
- 4.4.6. Where do I find ethernet packet drivers ?
-
- 4.4.6.1. What ethernet cards have packet driver support ?
-
- 4.5. Where do I find ISDN hardware ?
-
- 4.6. CAPI error codes
-
- 5. Contact addresses
-
- 6. Resources for IP over ISDN
-
- 7. Where will I find the ISDN/IP FAQ ?
-
- 8. Contributors and Credits
-
- 9. Glossary
- ______________________________________________________________________
-
- 1. Copyright, Version and availability
-
- This document is copyright (c) Jan-Piet Mens 1995, 1996.
-
- Unless otherwise stated, all opinions herein are my own. The
- descriptions, hints and tips have been gathered from all sorts of
- sources. I have tried to give credit where credit is due. Should you
- have contributed and feel left out, please drop me a line to be
- included in the credits.
-
- Contributions are very welcome!
-
- This document is posted regularly to the newsgroup de.comm.isdn
-
- Version: $Revision: 1.4 $
- Last-Modified: $Date: 1996/06/11 09:15:40 $
- FAQ: de-isdn/tcp-ip
- Posting-Frequency: monthly
- Archive-name: de-isdn/tcp-ip
-
- 2. Introduction
-
- This document hopes to assist during the installation of TCP/IP over
- ISDN (ISDN/IP). Our main topics will be routers and/or gateways
- running under the MS-DOS or MS-Windows operating systems. The reason
- for this, is that
-
- o they are cheap and
-
- o I operate one of these myself :-)
-
- All internet addresses (IP adresses) and telephone numbers used in
- this document are examples only. Never use one of these numbers.
-
- 2.1.
-
- Why TCP/IP over ISDN ?
-
- The advantages of driving TCP/IP over ISDN for coupling hosts over WAN
- are:
-
- o the transfer rate of 64Kbit/sec or over
-
- o the fast connection times (< 2sec)
-
- o line capacity only costs money while it is in use
-
- o ISDN is undergoing an ever-increased use
-
- 2.2. What can I do with TCP/IP over ISDN ?
-
- Everything :-)
-
- telnet, ftp, nntp (NetNews), smtp (Mail), WWW, archie, X-Window
- System, etc. As I said: everything.
-
- 2.3. What possibilities do I have of running TCP/IP over ISDN ?
-
- The long list of methods of running TCP/IP over ISDN include free or
- almost-free software running on a cheap PC through more expensive
- commercial software routers for PCs and Unix systems, up to expensive
- full-featured professional router systems (Cisco, etc.)
-
- Traditionally the cheapest solution will be to use almost-free
- software on a simple PC running the MS-DOS operating system. The
- better method is of course to use professional software which usually
- runs on Unix. The latter is usually more flexible and scales better.
-
- When I started, I did not wish to invest over DEM 10,000.00 in a
- software and hardware design to connect via ISDN to the Internet. I
- wanted to start off cheaply before investing such amounts in
- equipment. It turns out, that I still use the "cheap" version if only
- because it still works for me (and hundreds of others).
- 2.4. What solutions exist for use on an MS-DOS PC ?
-
- There are a miriad solutions for running TCP/IP over ISDN on MS-DOS.
- Quite apart from the several commercial solutions, I have tested the
- following combinations:
-
- ISPA + PCROUTE
- ISPA + KA9Q
-
- 2.5. What solutions exist for TCP/IP over ISDN based on Unix ?
-
- netCS offers a product suite called netGW and BinTec also has a suite
- of software/hardware combinations that support TCP/IP over ISDN for
- example for SCO-Unix.
-
- See section ``Free ISDN/IP for Unix/Linux'' for more information.
-
- 3. Where can I get a connection to a POP (in Germany) ?
-
- This is a list of Points of Presence or ISP that are willing to sell
- connectivity to either private people or commercial institutions.
-
- If you want to be included in this list, please send the following
- form to ISDN-FAQ maintainer <mailto:isdn-faq@mens.de>
-
- Name of provider or ISP:
- Contact-Person....:
- Tel (voice).......:
- Email.............:
- ca. DM/Month fix..:
- ca. DM/MB National:
- ISDN-access points:
- Snail Mail........:
-
- PFM News & Mail Mainz
- Contact-Person....: Bernd Hennig
- Tel (voice).......: 06131/362779
- Email.............: bernd@pfm.pfm-mainz.de
- ca. DM/Month fix..: on request
- ca. DM/MB National: on request
- ISDN-Access.......: Mainz
- Snail Mail........: Eibenweg 4, D-55128 Mainz
-
- Individual Network - Rhein-Main.DE
- Contact-Person....: Oliver Boehmer
- Tel (voice).......: 069/39048413
- Email.............: info@rhein-main.de
- ca. DM/Month fix..: 40 DM
- ca. DM/MB National: 3 DM
-
- roka EDV und Datenkommunikationsberatung GmbH
- Contact-Person....: Bernward Averwald und Wilhelm Buehler
- Tel (voice).......: 02151/4975-10
- Email.............: info@roka.net
- Preise............: on request
- ISDN-Access.......: Krefeld, Duisburg, Essen
- ISDN-Access.......: Koeln-Porz, Aachen, Muenster
- Snail Mail........: Elbestrasse 25, D-47800 Krefeld
-
- prodata Ing.-Buero Neu-Ulm Xlink-PoP Ulm/Neu-Ulm
- Contact-Person....: Juergen Mueller, Oliver Jung
- Tel (voice).......: 0731/722426
- Email.............: info@prodata.de
- ca. DM/Month fix..: on request
- ca. DM/MB National: on request
-
- AllCon Gesellschaft f. Kommunikationstechnologie mbH
- Technologiezentrum Flensburg
- Contact-Person....: Herr Dirks, Herr Jensen
- Tel (voice).......: 0461-9992-162
- Email.............: info@allcon.net
- ca. DM/Month fix..: on request
- ca. DM/MB National: on request
-
- Seicom GmbH
- Xlink-POP Reutlingen
- Contact-Person....: Winfried Haug / Peter Dieth
- Tel (voice).......: 07121-9770-0
- Email.............: info@seicom.de
- ca. DM/Month fix..: on request
- ca. DM/MB National: on request
- ISDN-Access.......: Reutlingen, Tuebingen
- Snail Mail........: Laiblinsplatz 12, 72793 Pfullingen
-
- PEM Programmentwicklungsgesellschaft f Microcomp GmbH
- Xlink-POP Stuttgart
- Contact-Person...: Christoph Pasch
- Tel. (Voice).....: 0711/713045
- Fax..............: 0711/713047
- email............: info@pem.com / pasch@pem.com
- ca.DM/Month fix. : on request
- ca.DM/MB National: on request
- ISDN-Zugangspkte.: Stuttgart
- Snail Mail.......: Vaihinger Str. 49, 70567 Stuttgart
-
- netmbx, EUnet POP Berlin
- Contact-Person....: Ralf Moritz
- Tel (voice).......: 030-8555350
- Email.............: trepex@netmbx.de
- ca. DM/Month fix..: 20 DM + int. Volumen (+ IN Mitgliedschaft)
- ca. DM/MB National: keine (10 DM/MB int. oder hoehere Fixkosten)
- ISDN-Access.......: Berlin
- Snail Mail........: Feuerbachstr. 47/49, 12163 Berlin
-
- Noris Network
- Contact-Person....: Matthias Urlichs
- Tel (voice).......: 0911/9959621
- Email.............: info@noris.de
- ca. DM/Month fix..: on request
- ca. DM/MB National: on request
- ISDN-Access.......: Nuernberg
- Snail Mail........: Schleiermacherstr. 12, D-90491 Nuernberg
-
- TouchNET GmbH i.Gr., Contrib.Net PoP Muenchen
- Contact-Person....: Stefan Wei"s
- Tel (voice).......: 089/54471111
- Email.............: stw@touch.net
- DM/Month fix......: DM 115,00 (Waehlleitung, Zugang nur 16-9
- Uhr)
- DM 862,50 (Waehlleitung, 24h/Tag, 140h/Month)
- DM 4025,00 (SPV, ohne Einschraenkungen)
-
- ISDN-Access.......: M"unchen
- Snail Mail........: Ringseisstra"se 2a, 80337 Muenchen
-
- Freinet, Xlink-PoP Freiburg 2i Distribution & Solution GmbH
- Contact-Person....: Dr. Monika Paulus, Florian Wolpert
- Tel (voice).......: 0761-472850
- Email.............: info@freinet.de
- ca. DM/Month fix..: on request
- ca. DM/MB National: on request
- ISDN-Access.......: Freiburg
- Snail Mail........: Haierweg 20e, 79114 Freiburg
-
- Commercial Link Systems
- Contact-Person....: Heiko Voland
- Tel (voice).......: 0431 979 01 61
- Email.............: info@cls.de
- DM/Month fix..: 50 DM (25 DM Schueler/Studenten)
- DM/MB National: keine Unterscheidung zwischen
- national/international
- 3 MB IP in Grundgebuehr
- zusaetzlicher Traffic: 0,02 DM/kB
- (Verkehr zu ftp.maz.net ermaessigt)
- ISDN-Access.......: Kiel
- Snail Mail........: Sternstr. 2 , 24116 Kiel
-
- MetaWorks Gesellschaft fuer elektronische und
- audiovisuelle Medien mbH
- Contact-Person....: Jens Hoffmann
- Tel (voice).......: 0261/37773
- Email.............: jens@metaworks.de
- ca. DM/Month fix..: on request
- ca. DM/MB National: on request
- ISDN-Access.......: Koblenz
-
- Inter Networking Systems
- Contact-Person....: B. Hoenig
- Tel (voice).......: 02305-356505
- Tel (fax).........: 02305-25411
- Email.............: info@ins.net
- WorldWideWeb......: http://www.ins.de/index.html
- DM/Month fix..: 50 DM (Schueler/Studenten 25 DM)
- DM/MB National: keine Unterscheidung national/international
- 3 MB IP in Grundgebuehr
- zusaetzlicher Traffic: 0,02 DM/kB
- Nutzungsbeschr....: keine Nutzungsbeschraenkung. Private und
- kommerzielle Nutzung sowie Weitergabe erlaubt
- ISDN-Access.......: Castrop-Rauxel, Essen, weitere in
- Vorbereitung
- Snail Mail........: INS, Postfach 101312, 44543 Castrop-Rauxel
-
- Offenes Netz e.V. Luebeck
- Contact-Person....: Wolfgang Fahl
- Tel (voice).......: 0451/4998021
- Email.............: info@ON-Luebeck.DE
- ca. DM/Month fix..: on request
- ca. DM/MB National: on request
- ISDN-Access.......: Luebeck
- Snail Mail........: Seelandstr. 3, 23569 Luebeck
-
- ISC Dr.-Ing. Nepustil MAZ ISC Nuertingen
- Contact-Person....: Dr. Ulrich Nepustil
- Tel (voice).......: 07123-93102-0
- Email ............: info@nepustil.net
- ca. DM/Month fix..: on request (keine Grundgebuehr)
- ca. DM/MB National: keine Unterscheidung National/International
- Tariffierung erfolgt diensteunabhaengig
- Verkehr zu ftp.maz.net ermaessigt
- Nutzungsbeschr....: Keine Nutzungsbeschraenkung. Private und
- kommerzielle Nutzung sowie Weitergabe nach
- Vereinbarung erlaubt.
- ISDN Access.......: Nuertingen / Reutlingen / Tuebingen
-
- OMNILINK GbR - MAZ ISC
- Contact-Person....: Holger Stegemann
- Tel (voice).......: 069/619048
- Email.............: info@omnilink.net
- ca. DM/Month fix..: 50 DM
- ca. DM/MB National: keine Unterscheidung national/international
- News komplett sowie 1 MB IP in Grundgebuehr enthalten
- zusaetzlicher Traffic: 0,03 DM/KB
- Nutzungsbeschr....: Keine Nutzungsbeschraenkung. Private und
- kommerzielle Nutzung sowie Weitergabe nach
- Vereinbarung erlaubt.
- ISDN-Access.......: Frankfurt, Dreieich, Darmstadt
- Snail Mail........: Staedelstrasse 8, 60596 Frankfurt
-
- CNet Internet Service Center
- Contact-Person....: Bernd Pflugrad
- Tel (voice).......: 0335/55586-0
- Email.............: info@rhnet.net
- ca. DM/Month fix..: on request
- ca. DM/MB National: on request
- ISDN-Access.......: Frankfurt (Oder)
- Snail Mail........: Rudolf Breitscheid Strasse 10,
- D-15230 Frankfurt (Oder)
-
- This is a list of German universities and high schools willing to
- offer connections to their students.
-
- Technische Universitaet Berlin, FB Informatik
- Contact-Person....: Carsten Rossenhoevel
- Tel (voice).......: nein, verschont mich bitte :-)
- Email.............: cross@cs.tu-berlin.de
- ca. DM/Monat fix..: 0
- ca. DM/MB National: 0
- ISDN-Zugangspunkte: Berlin
- Nutzungsbeschr....: Studierende/Mitarbeiter von Berliner
- Hochschulen
- Gelbe Post........: Informatik-Rechnerbetrieb, Sekr FR 5-3
- Franklinstr. 28/29, 10587 Berlin
-
- Universitaet Konstanz, Rechenzentrum
- Contact-Person....: Frank Bickendorf
- Tel (voice).......: ?
- Email.............: Frank.Bickendorf@uni-konstanz.de
- WorldWideWeb......: http://www.uni-
- konstanz.de/studis/ngs/index.html
- ca. DM/Monat fix..: 0
- ca. DM/MB National: 0
- Nutzungsbeschr....: *Studierende* der *Uni* Konstanz
- ISDN-Zugangspunkte: Konstanz
-
- Universitaet Mannheim, Rechenzentrum
- Contact-Person....: Joachim Nerz
- Tel (voice).......: 0621-292-1433
- Email.............: nerz@rz.uni-mannheim.de
- ca. DM/Monat fix..: 0
- ca. DM/MB National: 0
- ISDN-Zugangspunkte: Mannheim
- Nutzungsbeschr....: Studierende/Mitarbeiter der Uni-Mannheim
- Gelbe Post........: Rechenzentrum Uni-Mannheim, L 15,16, 68131
- Mannheim
-
- 4. Software and configuration samples for creating a PC router
-
- This chapter describes required software and hardware for creating a
- small router which is able to route packets between a TCP/IP Ethernet
- lan and your Internet provider via ISDN.
-
- The router will consist of a small and very cheap personal computer
- running the MS-DOS operating system.
-
- 4.1. Hardware requirements
-
- The hardware required for our router is minimal. A small personal
- computer with, eg. Intel 386/SX processor would do fine. The computer
- will only require a keyboard and a screen for setting up the software.
- During operation, neither a monitor nor a keyboard is required.
-
- Mass storage
- A floppy disk drive with a capacity of 1.44MB is all that is
- required for operation. Of course, if your small PC comes with a
- disk, all the better, but it is not required.
-
- Network Interface
- The computer will require a network interface card (NIC). Any
- low-cost NIC will do fine, for example an NE2000 or WD8003
- compatible. In principle, any card supported by the Clarkson
- Packet Drivers will do.
-
- ISDN card
- An inexpensive ISDN card will be required to connect to the ISDN
- network. I personally use the original Teles S0 card, which at
- the time was one of the least expensive. It is a passive card
- but produces enough throuput for our requirements. I understand
- that Creatix sells a Teles.S0 compatible card. In principle, any
- card that comes with a CAPI 1.1 interface should do the trick.
-
- 4.2. Software requirements
-
- The following software will be used on our router:
-
- CAPI
- CAPI is the Common ISDN Application Programmers Interface. This
- software is supplied together with the ISDN card.
-
- Packet Driver
- Freeware. A packet driver from the Clarkson Packet driver
- collection will be required to interface with our NIC.
-
- ISPA
- Shareware. ISPA is an ethernet-type packet driver which loads on
- top of a CAPI and delivers a packet-driver interface.
-
- PCROUTE
- Freeware. This is the software that will do the actual routing.
- It will move IP packets from the packet driver on the NIC to the
- packet-driver on the ISDN card.
-
- KA9Q
- As an alternative to PCROUTE, KA9Q can be used as well. Please
- note that KA9Q has certain usage restrictions. Check the docs.
-
- 4.2.1. CAPI
-
- Common ISDN Application Programming Interface. It is a programming
- interface similar to NetBios and it runs between application software
- (ISPA, PAPI, etc) and the CAPI device driver (ISDN card) on a PC.
-
- A CAPI is usually supplied by the manufacturer of the ISDN hardware,
- and it is a requirement for anything encountered in this document.
-
- 4.2.2. Packet Drivers
-
- 4.2.3. ISPA
-
- ISPA is an ethernet-type (class=1) packet-driver for IP-Routing or
- remote Ethernet bridging over ISDN. ISPA communicates with the ISDN
- card using the ISDN API 1.1 specification (a standard defined by
- German ISDN card manufacturers and the German Telekom). Because of
- this, ISPA is completely hardware independent and has successfully
- been tested with many active and passive ISDN cards.
-
- ISPA was initially developed for use with PCROUTE as a cheap Ethernet-
- ISDN Router. However, it is more and more used to connect a standalone
- PC system to the Internet using ISDN. For easy use under Windows ISPA
- comes with a Windows utility program ISDNMON. ISPA has successfully
- been tested with a wide range of commercial, shareware and public
- domain TCP/IP packages e.g. Ftp PCTCP, Sun PC-NFS, Novell LanWorkPlace
- and PDETHER, WATTCP based IP programs, NCSA & CU -Telnet/ftp, UMN
- gopher & popmail Trumpet WINSOCK, XFS.
-
- ISPA is shareware. It will stop operation after about 15 minutes
- unless you register it. ISPA can be retrieved from
- ftp://ftp.biochem.mpg.de/pc/isdn
-
- Note that Herbert Hanewinkel, the author of ISPA, frequently adds
- features to ISPA and its sort. It is worthwhile checking his ftp
- server on a regular basis. I personally have found him to be very
- helpful in sorting out "features" :-)
-
- 4.2.4. PCROUTE - an IP routing program for the IBM PC
-
- PCROUTE - an IP routing program from the IBM PC Vance Morrison
-
- There seem to be differing versions. The newest I know of is 2.24.
-
- 4.2.4.1. What is PCROUTE ?
-
- PCroute is software written for an PC/XT (or AT) or clone that will
- allow it to act as a IP router. At present the following interfaces
- are supported.
-
- Ethernet
- (WD8003E card) (recommeded no more than 4 interfaces)
-
- Starlan
- (WD8003S card) (up to 6 interfaces)
-
- Localtalk
- (Apple localtalk card for the PC) (1 interface max)
-
- SLIP
- (COM1..COM4) (2 interfaces max)
-
- 4.2.4.2. What does PCROUTE support ?
-
- PCroute was designed to be a fully functional IP router. In particular
- it supports
-
- o IP routing with Subsets (however the subnet mask must begin with
- 255.255)
-
- o Static routing with up to 250 routes.
-
- o responds to ICMP echo (ping)
-
- o Sends ICMP TTL, Redirect, Unreachable when appropriate
-
- o Fragmentation where necessary
-
- o RIP dynamic routing protocol
-
- o Up to 6 interfaces of varying types
-
- o Error logging using BSD syslog
-
- o Optional proxy ARP
-
- o Bootp forwarding
-
- o Packet-Driver interfaces
-
- Note that although the software supports up to 6 interfaces, the total
- throughput of the router is fixed by the speed of the processor. For
- fast boards (ethernet) this gets excessive after 4 interfaces are
- installed.
-
- PCROUTE can be found on ftp://ftp.biochem.mpg.de/pc/pcroute
-
- 4.2.4.3. IP-Adresses for PCROUTE
-
- The following texts where produced in German. I have taken the liberty
- of translating them... (JPM)
-
- From: haug@seicom.de (Winfried Haug)
- Newsgroups: de.comm.isdn
-
- | IMPORTANT: PC-Route needs 2 IP addresses out of 2 different Class C
- | networks. Router and Ethernet IP-adress may not be in the same net.
- | A router usually requires 2 addresses otherwise no routing occurs.
-
- From: heha
- If I only route to one partner then I can route over an interface. If
- I have more than one partner then routing must occur over IP-addresses.
- Since PCroute was developed as an Ethernet-router with several
- partners per interface, it must route via IP-addresses.
-
- 4.2.4.4. My ISPA and PCROUTE configuration starts dialing immediately
- without my interaction
-
- Wrong. ISPA only starts dialing if packets are outstanding for the
- remote connection. If PCROUTE is configured with RIP support (FLAGS =
- 0x) then an RIP packet will go out every 30 seconds and this would
- cause an otherwise idle ISPA to dial.
-
- 4.2.4.5. Tell me more about IP-addresses and PCROUTE
-
- From: juergen@hugo.rz.fh-ulm.de (TZ Juergen Mueller)
-
- +-------------------------------+ +--------------+
- isdn|195.123.147.1 197.234.98.21|ethern|197.234.98.28 |
- WORLD<--->| |<---->| |
- +-------------------------------+ +--------------+
- DOS UNIX
-
- DOS requires IP-addresses of two different networks otherwise it won't
- be able to route. The right side of the (dos)-IP's should be
- 197.234.98.xxx. The destination route for PCRoute should thus be the
- left of the two addresses (IP address of the router on the far side of
- the ISDN wire)
-
- 4.2.4.6. How do I configure the needed routes on UNIX ?
-
- # route add default 197.234.98.21 (see above)
- # route add 197.234.98.0 0.0.0.0
-
- 4.2.4.7. Sample configuration for ISPA and PCROUTE
-
- C:\> type isdn.bat
- call c:\telescom\starts0 : Load CAPI
-
- wd8003e 0x60 0x7 0x300 0xcc00 : Load packet driver
- : : : :
- : : : +------ Ram Base
- : : +------------ Base address
- : +----------------- HW-IRQ of the WD-Ethernet card
- +--------------------- Software IRQ
-
- ispa -e 4 -t 120 -h 1 0x61 0691234567 : ispa laden
- : : : : :
- : : : : +- Called number
- : : : +------- ISPA's SW-IRQ (see. wd8003e)
- : : +----------- HDLC-Framing (see ispa.doc)
- : +----------------- timeout (see ispa.doc)
- +----------------------- Incoming calls on EAZ=4
-
- pcroute : Load pcroute
-
- Before loading pcroute, the PCROUTE.CFG file must be created by using
- config.exe. I am asked for 2 interfaces. The first interface must be
- located on SW-IRQ 0x60 the second interface is located on sw-irq 0x61.
- Since we loaded the wd8003e on 0x60 and ispa was loaded on 0x61,
- interface-1 is Ethernet and interface-2 is on ISDN.
-
- C:\> type pcroute.cfg (is created with config.exe)
- Interface 1 (ethernet)
- Address 192.109.18.21
- NetMask 255.255.255.0
- Flags 0000H
- Metric 0000H
- Interface 2 (ethernet)
- Address 193.141.147.1
- NetMask 255.255.255.0
- Flags 0000H : Flags = 0 means "Send
- : Routing updates out
- : this interface", this
- : would case a RIP
- : packet each 30 secs.
- : and ISPA starts dialing
- Metric 0000H
- The Ethenet Address 0000H
- The Ethenet Address FBAAH
- The Ethenet Address 0061H : 0x61
- STATIC ROUTES
- Route to network 0.0.0.0 : default route
- Through gateway 193.141.147.1
- Metric 0000H
- Flags 0000H
-
- Route to network 192.109.18.2
- Through gateway 193.141.147.1
- Metric 0000H
- Flags 0000H
-
- Forwarding BOOTP requests to 0.0.0.0
- Logging messages to SYSLOGD on host 192.109.18.20
- Logging level 0009H : A message per minute
- Logging mask 0000H
-
- 4.2.5. ISPA and KA9Q
-
- C:\> type isdn.bat
- call c:\telescom\starts0 : Load CAPI
-
- wd8003e 0x60 0x7 0x300 0xcc00 : Load packet driver
- : : : :
- : : : +------ Ram Base
- : : +------------ Base address
- : +----------------- Hardware IRQ
- +--------------------- Software IRQ
-
- ispa -e 4 -t 120 -h 1 0x61 0691234567 : Load ISPA
- : : : : :
- : : : : +- ISDN number to call
- : : : +------- SW-IRQ of ISPA (see. wd8003e)
- : : +----------- HDLC-Framing (see ispa.doc)
- : +----------------- timeout (see ispa.doc)
- +----------------------- Receive calls on MSN 4
-
- net isdn.net : Load KA9Q
-
- C:\> type isdn.net
- # KA9Q configuration file
- hostname rter
-
- # 0x60 = sw-irq of NIC
- attach packet 0x60 eth 10 1500
- ifconfig eth ipaddress 192.109.18.21 broadcast 255.255.255.0
- ifconfig eth netmask 0xffffff00
-
- # 0x61 = sw-irq of ISPA
- attach packet 0x61 isdn 10 1500
- ifconfig isdn ipaddress 193.141.147.1 broadcast 255.255.255.0
- ifconfig isdn netmask 0xffffff00
-
- route add 193.129.48.20/32 eth
- route add 193.129.18.2/32 isdn
- route drop 255.255.255.0
- route add default isdn
-
- 4.2.6. A fully functional router with all required files
-
- In this section you'll find all required files for a fully functional
- router based on a Teles.S0 card, a WD8003 Ethernet card. This router
- connects a network of Unix and MS-Windows systems (Windows 95, Windows
- NT) to the Internet.
-
- CONFIG.SYS
-
- DEVICE=C:\DOS\HIMEM.SYS
- DEVICE=C:\DOS\EMM386.EXE I=A000-B7FF I=E000-F7FF X=D000-DFFF NOEMS
- DEVICE=C:\DOS\ANSI.SYS
- DOS=HIGH
- FILES=100
- BUFFERS=50
- FCBS=4,0
- STACKS=9,128
- SHELL=C:\COMMAND.COM C:\ /P /E:1200
-
- AUTOEXEC.BAT
-
- @ECHO OFF
- PATH=C:\DOS;C:\TELESCOM
- IPNET
-
- IPNET.BAT
-
- : Start TELES/S.0 CAPI driver
- call c:\telescom\starts0h.bat
-
- : Load Packet Driver on SW-IRQ = 0x60
- smc_wd 0x60 0x4 0x300 0xcc00
-
- : Load ISPA on SW-IRQ = 0x61
- ispa304 <registration-key> 0x61 ispa.ini
-
- : Start KA9Q/NOS with root directory in /
- nos11c-a -d/ autoexec.net
-
- ISPA.INI
-
- # ispa.ini
- # Configuration file for ISPA 3.x on gateway
- -e2 # EAZ 2 (my MSN)
- -w # Display activity
- -r193.37.22.49,193.37.22.62 # Loghost, myip
- 193.138.33.1 05123683012 -h1 -t220 -d3 # Callback
- 193.138.33.1 05123683002 -h1 -t220 -d3 # Callback (2nd no.)
- 193.138.33.1 05123683282 -h1 -t220 -d3 # Callback (3rd no.)
-
- AUTOEXEC.NET
-
- ##########################################################################
- ## AUTOEXEC.NET for
- ## KA9q NOS version (N1BEE 921225v0.85s-beta) (CWRU/BIOGv 1.92 - axa12)
- ## configured by jpm@mens.de
- ##
- isat on
- hostname gate.mens.de
- ip address 193.37.22.62
- domain suffix mens.de.
-
- ##------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ## domain nameserver (DNS) configuration
- ##
- domain addserver 193.37.22.49
- domain verbose on
- domain translate off # don't turn name translation on
- domain cache size 20
- domain cache wait 300
- domain retry 1
- domain maxwait 90
-
- ##------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ## HOST interface configuration - WD8003 card with packet driver
- ##
- attach packet 0x60 lan 10 1500 # packet driver at 0x60, 5 buffers, MTU=1500
- ifconfig lan ipaddr 193.37.22.62 netmask 0xfffffff0 broadcast 193.37.22.63
-
- ##------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ## ISDN configuration. ISPA on packet-driver-interrupt 0x61
- ##
-
- attach packet 0x61 isdn 10 1500 # packet driver at 0x61, 5 buffers, MTU=1500
- ifconfig isdn ipaddr 193.138.33.6 netmask 0xffffff00
-
- ##------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ## Route all packets to MENS-NET (.48) onto interface `lan'.
- ##
- route add 193.37.22.48/28 lan
-
- ##########################################################################
- ## Add a default route to interface `isdn'. This I route via 193.138.33.1,
- ## because it is the address on which ISPA is listening for packets.
- ##
- route add default isdn 193.138.33.1 1
-
- #################################################
- # TCP/IP parameters
- #
- ip rtimer 60
- ip ttl 255
- tcp window 2048
- tcp mss 1460
- tcp irtt 10000
-
- 4.3. How can I use two Teles.S0 ISDN cards in a PC-router ?
-
- From: "Alexander Horn" ahorn@aragon.bb.bawue.de
- (translated by JPM)
-
- C:\TELESCOM\TSRKRN 8192 # Buffer in Bytes (*Important*)
- C:\TELESCOM\S0TE 0 3 c800 1 5 d000 # Controller 0: IRQ 3,
- # Ram address: C800
- # Controller 1: IRQ 5,
- # Ram address: D000
- C:\TELESCOM\HDLC 0 1 # HDLC for Controller 0 and 1
- C:\TELESCOM\1TR6TE 0 1 # 1TR6-Hack for Controller 0 and 1
-
- Konfiguration mit ISPA 1.8.1 & PC-Route bzw. INS/CLS-Software im
- Dauerbetrieb getestet!
-
- BTW, CAPI.EXE can be loaded in upper memory ... BUNDLE.EXE V110.EXE
- and ISO8208.EXE do not support more than one controller That's it...
- and then start S0STAT.EXE and relax...
-
- 4.3.1. PAPI Packet Driver
-
- PAPI is a Packet driver for the isdn common API. It is an MSDOS TSR.
- The Common ISDN API (ISDN-CAPI) is an interface defined by German
- telecom and german ISDN Cards manufacturer. The ISDN-CAPI supported
- is version 1.1, Profile A of 7.Sep.90 The packet interface implemented
- is version 1.09. The implemented class is slip.
-
- The newest version will always be available through
- ftp://ftp.germany.eu.net/pub/network/ISDN/../inet/PAPI If you do not
- have access to ftp use their mail server: send mail to archive-
- server@Germany.EU.net and place the keyword help in the body of the
- mail.
-
- History - Why I wrote it: I use a small 286 MSDOS box as a router to
- the Internet (EUNET). The box is equipped with an ISDN card and an
- ethernet card. It connects my small network to the EUNET-POP via
- ISDN. The packet driver which came with the first ISDN board was not
- very stable.
-
- I found a not too expensive ISDN board from teles Berlin. Their
- software interface is the ISDN-CAPI. The board is very simple (only
- two chips from Siemens). It is not intelligent (i.e. it does not have
- a processor on board).
-
- I use ka9q and pc-route as routers. The only part missing was a piece
- of software interfacing ISDN-CAPI and ka9q. ka9q supports the packet
- driver interface very well. papi is the missing link.
-
- Restrictions:
-
- o only 1 application registered per program.
-
- o only 1 controller supported per computer.
-
- o only 1 papi packet driver per computer
-
- o only 1 ISDN destination and the destination is fixed at the time
- the driver is invoked.
-
- o a tcp/ip packet has to be <= 2K
-
- o only X75 and HDLC-UI frames as supported level 2 protocols.
-
- o only tested with ka9q
-
- It works now with Dr. Neuhaus Niccy 3008 and Niccy 1000 cards. With
- AVM-A1 and Teles S0 Boards. I did not get to make the packet driver
- work stable with the Diehl implementation of the CAPI. It might be the
- problem of my packet driver. Anyway they sell their own packet
- driver. The packet driver is exercising the interrupt scheme of a
- CAPI. It is working in a heavily interrupt driven environment.
-
- 4.3.1.1.
-
- Howto use PAPI
-
- First install the CAPI Interface you get with the ISDN-Card. Then
- install papi. It is a Terminate and Stay Resident (TSR) program. Then
- install the application you want to use i.e. ka9q.
-
- Installation of papi:
-
- papi [-v] [-x] [-u] [-o eaz] -n telno [ -N telno1 ]
- [-p PacketIntNo] [-c CAPIIntNo] [-w Timeout] [-s BufSize]
- [ -S BufSize1 ]
-
- -v The packet driver is verbose when installing.
-
- -V LN
- The packet driver is writing a status into line LN of the
- display. Status resembles the display of an ISDN-Telephone.
-
- -x Layer 2 protocol X75
-
- -u Layer 2 protocol UI-HDLC Frames (default)
-
- -c INT
- Soft interrupt of ISDN-CAPI (default 0xF1)
-
- -p INT
- Soft interrupt of papi (default 0x60)
-
- -o eaz
- The digit which selects calls to your card. (default 2). Has to
- be between 1 and 8.
-
- -n ISDN#
- The ISDN number of the host you want to connect to. This is the
- only host which may call back. If you do not give a number papi
- is not installed. If the host is not identifying himself with
- his number when calling the call is not accepted! If you want
- to use Semi Permanent Circuits add an 's' to the number. The
- ISDN number is not checked. It is passed directly to the capi.
-
- -N ISDN#
- The ISDN number of the host as it is given from the network.
- Under certain conditions the number coming from the network is
- different from the number you have to dial. The packet driver is
- using this number as a sort of password.
-
- -i ignore. Do not check the incoming caller id.
-
- -w n
- The line is disconnected when idle for n seconds. (default 10)
-
- -s bytes
- maximal size for ip packets ( default and maximum 2048). The
- actual maximum for NICCY 3008 is 1024.
-
- -S bytes
- size used for b2 protocol size.
-
- -P The driver is working in a sort of polling mode. I.e. instead of
- handling the incoming message in the interrupt only a mark is
- set and the message is handled later in a timer interrupt. The
- AVM-A1 Board is only working with this option.
-
- Examples:
-
- # start the capi for your card:
- START_S0
- # start the packet driver:
- c:\capi\papi -v -n 123456 -o 3 -w 240 -u -c 0xF1 -p 0x60 -s 2048
- # start your application (i.e. ka9q):
- c:\nett\net -d c:\nett c:\nett\autoexec.net
-
- More reasonable is:
-
- c:\capi\papi -n 123456 -w 240
-
- Comments, Questions, Error Reports, Support, Consulting ...:
- capi@friede.de
-
- 4.3.1.2. Sample configuration PAPI and PCROUTE
-
- I don't know where this comes from (broute.tar ???)
-
- A:\> type a:\autoexec.bat
- @ECHO OFF
- COMMAND /C a:\teles\starts0.bat
- a:\papi -V -v -p 0x61 -n 54990403 -N 06954990403 -o 3 -w 100 -s 2048
- a:\papi -V 1 -v -p 0x62 -n 54990404 -N 06954990404 -o 4 -w 100 -s 2048
- a:\wd8003e 0x60 -o 10 0x240 0xc800
- a:\pcroute
-
- A:\> config : pcroute config.exe
- Address for the interface [194.112.61.20]
- Subnet mask for the interface [255.255.255.196]
- Flags (Hex) [5H]
- Routing Metric (HEX) [1H]
-
- Address for the interface [194.112.61.65]
- Subnet mask for the interface [255.255.255.196]
- Flags (Hex) [bH]
- Routing Metric (HEX) [1H]
-
- Network [194.112.61.64]
- Gateway [194.112.61.65]
- Metric [9H]
- Flags [0H]
-
- Network [0.0.0.0]
- Gateway [194.112.61.1]
- Metric [9H]
- Flags [0H]
-
- Address to forward bootp packets [0.0.0.0]
- Host to send logging info to [194.112.61.2]
- Logging mask [0H]
- Logging Level [0H]
-
- 4.3.2. INS/CLS software
-
- Eine kommerzielle Loesungen bieten die Firmen INS (Inter Networking
- Systems) und CLS (Commercial Link Systems). Siehe (Adressen)
-
- Die Loesung dieser beiden Firmen ist identisch und besteht aus einen
- Packet Driver (ISDNPKT) und einen IP-Router (IPSWITCH) sowie einen
- Line-Monitor (ISDN-MAN) mit Online-Display und Protokollierung in
- Datei.
-
- ISDNPKT kostet 178,00 inkl. MwSt IPSWITCH kostet 348,00 inkl. MwST
- ISDNPKT + IPSWITCH Bundle: 498,00 inkl. MwSt. ISDNPKT + IPSWITCH +
- TELES.S0 Bundle 888,00 DM inkl. MwSt
-
- Das "PLUS"-Paket, inkl. SNMP (MIB-II + Herstellererweiterungen),
- verfuegbar ab CeBIT 94: ISDNPKT + IPSWITCH+ + TELES.S0 Bundle:
- 1.398,00 DM inkl. MwSt. beinhaltet kostenlosen Upgrade auf die PLUS-
- Version des ISDNPKT, die Mitte April verfuegbar sein wird.
-
- 4.3.2.1. ISDNPKT
-
- ISDNPKT ist ein Packet-Driver fuer PC-ISDN Adapter. Die Kommunikation
- mit der ISDN-Karte erfolgt ueber eine CAPI-Schnittstelle. Der DOS-
- Anwendung gegenueber stellt ISDNPKT eine Ethernet Packet-Driver
- Schnittstelle zur Verfuegung.
-
- Unterstuetzt zwei ISDN-Adapter im System. 4 B-Kanaele, SPV, Gruppe 0
- Typ 4 (mit TELES.S0) 30 Gegenstellen, Dedizierte
- eingehende/ausgehende/bidirektionale Leitungen Automatisches Callback
- Alternative Rufnummern fuer Gegenstellen "Short Hold" (idle timeout)
- kann dynamisch an Laenge der Gebuehreneinheiten angepasst werden.
-
- 4.3.2.2. IPSWITCH
-
- IPSWITCH hat einen eigenen IP-Stack und routet zwischen Packet-Drivern
- (vergl. PCROUTE). Alle Netzwerkadapter, fuer die Packet-Drivern
- erhaeltlich sind, koennen eingesetzt werden. IPSWITCH erlaubt das
- Monitoren von IP, ARP, TCP, und UDP sowie (seit Version 3.0)
- accounting. RIP (Routing Information Protocol) Im Bundle mit ISDNPKT:
- Nach festgelegter Anzahl fehlgeschlagener Waehlverbindungen wird Route
- als "down" markiert (und propagiert). Source-abhaengiges Routing
- moeglich IP-Paketfilterung (fuer Firewall) nach Source, destination,
- Protokoll, Port In der PLUS-Version: SNMP (MIB-II und
- Herstellererweiterungen) Remote Konfiguration
-
- 4.3.2.3. Configuration tips
-
- Hier sollte mal etwas *sinnvolles* stehen. Hat nicht einer der Herren
- Heinen oder Frackowiak Lust dazu ;-
-
- "Lust schon... Zeit erst nach der CeBIT 94 :("
-
- 4.3.2.4. Tested configurations
-
- : ip.bat
- : Start the Teles CAPI, a PacketDriver on my WD Ethernet followed by
- : a PacketDriver for ISDNPKT
- call c:\telescom\starts0.bat
- wd8003e 0x60 0x7 0x300 0xcc00
- isdnpkt -v
- isdnman -d
- ipswitch -v -l 192.109.18.20 -p 6 -m jpisdn -t 60 -a
-
- # isdnpkt.cfg Configuration file for ISDNPKT
- # This file is shown with \ separating lines. Never the less, a
- # configuration entry must be on *ONE* line.
- #
- #irq Name Prot direct contro other number match EAZ\
- Serv. S.add Retries Down idle_in idle_o use_dy Frag wsize\
- laAin laBin laAout laBout B2-IN B2-OUT B3-IN B3-OUT
- 61 isdnpfm IP B 0 07131834052 0000 4\
- 07 00 4 180 110 110 1 2000 7\
- 3 1 3 1 102 102 4 4
-
- Anschliessend, haben wir auf irq=0x60 ethernet, und auf irq=0x61 den
- isdnpkt. Diese nummern gelten entsprechend in den folgenden Files.
-
- # ipswitch.if Interface Configuration for IPSWITCH
- #
- #irq use-arp ip-adress broadcast netmask
- # local ethernet
- 60 0 194.109.18.21 193.109.18.255 ff.ff.ff.00
- # isdn-interface
- 61 1 194.141.147.1 194.141.147.1 ff.ff.ff.ff
-
- # ipswitch.rt Routing table for IPSWITCH
- # Thanks to info@cls.de *and* info@ins.de for their help on a Saturday
- # evening ;-)
- # Note, how irq=0x60 is routed to the ethernet and the default route
- # goes out to isdn.
- #
- # Network Routes
- 60 0 193.109.18.20 0.0.0.0 ff.ff.ff.ff
- 61 0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 00.00.00.00
-
- 4.4. Other useful software
-
- This section lists software that may be useful in the contect of
- building a router.
-
- 4.4.1. What is PCBRIDGE ?
-
- PCBRIDE allows a PC to be used as a bridge. As with PCroute there is
- built-in support for WD/SMC and packet drivers as well as SLIP.
-
- 4.4.2. How can I test my Packet-Driver/my ISPA ?
-
- For example with WatTCP (Waterloo TCP). Either start a Packet-Driver
- or an ISPA on any sw-IRQ. With the following sample configuration you
- can try and ping.
-
- C:\> type wattcp.cfg
- print="Sample configuration file"
- hostname=foo
- my_ip=193.141.56.7
- netmask=255.255.255.0
- nameserver=193.141.56.2 : not compulsory
- domainslist=bar.de : not comulsory
-
- C:\> wd8003e 0x60 0x2 0x280 0xd000 : load PacketDrv
- C:\> ping 193.141.56.6 : ping.exe
-
- or
-
- C:\> ispa .....
- C:\> ping 193.141.56.6 : ping.exe
-
- 4.4.3. What is cFos (Fossil) ?
-
- cFos, by M. Winkler, C. Lueders
-
- cFos is an ISDN CAPI FOSSIL driver. It was written to allow FIDO
- compatible BBS, mailer software and FOSSIL supporting
- terminalprograms to easyly communicate via ISDN. It also has a
- build-in INT 14h emulator. A list of programs that work with cFos
- can be found in the appendix of CFOS.DOC.
-
- See COPYING.CF/LICENSE.DOC for warranty and licensing terms, see
- WHATSNEW for a revision history.
-
- Some features:
-
- o uses the CAPI to access the ISDN hardware; thus very flexible
-
- o is optimized for HIGHEST transfer speed: 7900cps!
-
- o supports multiple ISDN channels in one driver
-
- o supports both X75 and V110
-
- o has it's own AT command emulator; looks like a standard modem to
- the application
-
- o has it's own superfast channel bundling, which is manufacturer
- independant with up to 4 B-channels resulting in more than 30k
- Bytes per second (we tested it !)
-
- The most recent version of cFos may be obtained at...
-
- Zaphods BBS, Bonn/Germany, Sysop Chris Lueders
-
- +49-228-262894 14400bps, HST/V32b (fido 2:2453/30)
- +49-228-9111041 64000bps, X75/V110 (fido 2:2453/33)
-
- German Internet : Directory:
- GAK.RHEIN.DE [193.175.27.1] pub/isdn
- FTP.DFV.RWTH-AACHEN.DE [137.226.4.111] /pub/network/isdn/cfos
-
- German CompuServe:
-
- See the TELECOM forum, area Data/ISDN or,
- see the GERNET forum, area Telecommunication.
-
- Christoph Lueders Martin Winkler
- Fidonet: 2:2453/30.1 2:2453/30.6
- Internet: chris@rhein.de winkler@zaphod.rhein.de
-
- 4.4.4. Are there free implementations of ISDN/IP for Unix/Linux ?
-
- Yes. Two packages that I know of exist. They are:
-
- Linux-ISDN package of Matthias Urlichs <mailto:urlichs@noris.de>
- Documentation in the German language only.
-
- isdn4linux by Fritz Elfert <mailto:fritz@wuemaus.franken.de> and
- Jan den Ouden
- Isdn4linux consists of a link-level-module, low-level-module for
- ICN ISDN-cards and a low-level-module for Teles-Cards by Jan den
- Ouden. Available at ftp://ftp.franken.de/pub/isdn4linux
- Documentation and instructions are in English and German.
-
- 4.4.5. What is SLX ?
-
- SLX is a packet driver that uses the serial line as an interface.
- Contrary to SLIP the whole ethernet frame including destination and
- source addresses as well as the type field are transferred. This has
- the advantage that one is independant of the IP protocol requires an
- individual ethernet address though. Available from:
-
- RzK Doris Koepke Fax: 0 2683 4537
- Postfach 1200 70126,1660@compuserve.com
- 53563 Asbach Ww.
-
- for DEM 25,- (Single license).
-
- 4.4.6. Where do I find ethernet packet drivers ?
-
- From Crynwr. If you are using Ethernet hardware you can probably find
- free packet drivers for your cards via anonymous ftp to
- ftp://sun.soe.clarkson.edu/pub/drivers or in
- ftp://oak.oakland.edu/pub/msdos/pktdrvr
-
- 4.4.6.1. What ethernet cards have packet driver support ?
-
- This list was extracted from the README for pktd11.zip.
-
- 3C501.COM Driver for 3COM 3C501.
- 3C503.COM Driver for 3COM 3C503.
- 3C505.COM Driver for 3COM 3C505.
- 3C507.COM Driver for 3COM 3C507.
- 3C523.COM Driver for 3COM 3C523.
- AR450.COM Driver for Telesystems SLW ARLAN 450.
- ARCETHER.COM Driver for ARCNET simulates an Ethernet driver.
- ARCNET.COM Driver for ARCNET.
- AT&T.COM Driver for AT&T Ethernet and Starlan.
- AT&T_LP.COM Driver for AT&T LanPACER/StarStation.
- DAVIDSYS.COM Driver for David Systems Inc Ether-T.
- DE600.COM Driver for D-Link Pocket LAN Adapter.
- DEPCA.COM Driver for Digital Equipment DEPCA.
- EN301.COM Driver for Multitech EN-301.
- ETHERSL.COM Driver for SLIP that emulates an Ethernet driver
- ETHIIE.COM Driver for ICL EtherTeam16
- EXP16.COM Driver for Intel EtherExpress.
- EXPRESS.COM Driver for Mitel Express ISDN adapter.
- HPPCLAN.COM Driver for HP EtherTwist.
- IBMTOKEN.COM Driver for IBM Token Ring Adapter.
- IPXPKT.COM Driver for Novell IPX code (IP over IPX).
- ISOLAN.COM Driver for BICC Isolan 4110-0.
- ISOLINK.COM Driver for BICC Isolan 4110-2/3.
- LOCALTLK.COM Driver for Apple LocalTalk PC Card, Sun/TOPS
- NB.COM Driver for NetBIOS.
- NCRET105.COM Driver for NCR ET-105.
- NE1000.COM Driver for Novell NE1000.
- NE2.COM Driver for Novell NE/2.
- NE2000.COM Driver for Novell NE2000.
- NI5010.COM Driver for Interlan NI5010.
- NI5210.COM Driver for MICOM-Interlan NI5210.
- NI6510.COM Driver for Racal/Interlan NI6510.
- NI9210.COM Driver for MICOM-Interlan NI9210.
- NTI16.COM Driver for NTI 1002/DP-16.
- SLIP8250.COM Driver for SLIP driver using IBM-PC 8250.
- TIARA.COM Driver for Tiara LANcard/E.
- UBNICPC.COM Driver for Ungermann-Bass PC/NIC.
- UBNICPS2.COM Driver for Ungermann-Bass NIC-PS/2.
- WD8003E.COM Driver for Western Digital WD-8003e.
-
- 4.5. Where do I find ISDN hardware ?
-
- At BinTec and netCS. (see: Addresses). You will also find hardware
- ISDN cards at Teles, Diehl and many more.
-
- 4.6. CAPI error codes
-
- Here is a list of CAPI error codes, extended by the V.110 error codes.
-
- 0x0000: No error
-
- 0x1001: Error on API_REGISTER
- 0x1002: Illegal application-id
- 0x1003: Illegal message
- 0x1004: Illegal command or subcommand
- 0x1005: Queue is full
- 0x1006: Queue is empty
- 0x1007: Queue overflow
- 0x1008: Deinstall error
- 0x1009: Windows address error
-
- 0x2001: Illegal Controller
- 0x2002: Illegal PLCI
- 0x2003: Illegal NCCI
- 0x2004: Illegal type
-
- 0x3101: B-channel erroneous
- 0x3102: Infomask erroneous
- 0x3103: Serviced-EAZ-mask erroneous
- 0x3104: Serviced-SI-mask erroneous
- 0x3105: Illegal B2 protocol
- 0x3106: Illegal DLPD
- 0x3107: Illegal B3 protocol
- 0x3108: Illegal NCPD
- 0x3109: Illegal NCPI
- 0x310A: Illegal flags
-
- 0x3201: General controller error
- 0x3202: non-unique LISTEN_REQs
- 0x3203: function not supported
- 0x3204: PLCI inactive
- 0x3205: NCCI inactive
- 0x3206: B2 protocol not supported
- 0x3207: can't select B2 protocol now
- 0x3208: B3 protocol not supported
- 0x3209: can't select B3 protocol now
- 0x320A: illegal DLPD parameters
- 0x320B: illegal NCPD parameters
- 0x320C: illegal NCPI parameters
- 0x320D: data length not supported
-
- 0x3301: D channel layer 1 setup error
- 0x3302: D channel layer 2 setup error
- 0x3303: B channel layer 1 setup error
- 0x3304: B channel layer 2 setup error
- 0x3305: D channel layer 1 shutdown
- 0x3306: D channel layer 2 shutdown
- 0x3307: D channel layer 3 shutdown
- 0x3308: B channel layer 1 shutdown
- 0x3309: B channel layer 2 shutdown
- 0x330A: B channel layer 3 shutdown
- 0x330B: B channel layer 2 reestablished
- 0x330C: B channel layer 3 reestablished
-
- 0x3400: Normal disconnect, no cause given by network
- 0x3480: Normal disconnect, no cause given by network
- 0x3481: Invalid CR value
- 0x3483: Bearer service not implemented
- 0x3487: Unknown caller identity
- 0x3488: Call Identity already suspended
- 0x3489: No channel available
- 0x348a: No channel available
- 0x3490: FAC Code unknown in this network
- 0x3491: requested service rejected
- 0x34a0: Outgoing calls barred
- 0x34a1: User access busy
- 0x34a2: Nonexistent CUG
- 0x34a3: Nonexistent CUG
- 0x34A5: Invalid or unknown destination
- 0x34b5: Destination not obtainable
- 0x34b8: Number changed
- 0x34b9: Out of order
- 0x34ba: No user responding
- 0x34bb: User busy
- 0x34bd: Incoming calls barred
- 0x34be: Call rejected
- 0x34d8: Invalid destination address
- 0x34d9: Network congestion
- 0x34da: Remote user initiated
- 0x34f0: Local procedure error
- 0x34f1: Remote procedure error
- 0x34f2: Remote suspended
- 0x34f3: Remote not suspended
- 0x34ff: Local reject of User to User info
-
- 0x4001: Stollmann: too many applications
- 0x4002: Stollmann: block size too large
- 0x4003: Stollmann: error on init of message queue
- 0x4004: Stollmann: no PLCI cntl block available
- 0x40ff: Stollmann: function not allowed in current context
-
- 0x4101: Verlust der Frame-Synchronisation
-
- 0x4201: Stollmann: can't deinstall, not on top of int chain
- 0x4202: Stollmann: can't deinstall, application still active
-
- 5. Contact addresses
-
- This list of contact addresses is designed to help in contacting
- individual providers of software and/or hardware for running TCP/IP
- over ISDN.
-
- INS Christa Keil & Andreas Frackowiak GbR
- Gaswerkstrasse 11
- 44575 Castrop-Rauxel
- Tel: 02305-356505
- Fax: 02305-25411
- info@ins.de
-
- CLS Wiljo Heinen
- Sternstrasse 2
- 24116 Kiel
- Tel: 0431-9790161
- Fax: 0431-978126
- info@cls.de, heinen@cls.de
-
- Teles
- Kurfuerstendamm 207-208
- 10719 Berlin
- Telefon: 030-8847-30
- TeleFAX: 030-8847-31
- sales@teles.de
-
- netCS Informationstechnick GmbH
- Feuerbachstr. 47/49
- 12163 Berlin 41
- Tel: 030-856999-0
- Fax: 030-8555218
- info@netcs.com
-
- PEM Programmentwicklungsgesellschaft fuer Microcomp. mbH
- Vaihingerstrasse 49
- 70567 Stuttgart
- Tel: 0711-713045
- Fax: 0711-713047
- info@PEM-Stuttgart.de
-
- BinTec Computersysteme GmbH
- Willstaetterstrasse 30
- 90449 Nuernberg
- Tel: 0911-9673-0
- Fax: 0911-6880725
- support@bintec.de
-
- Dr. Herbert Hanewinkel
- Max-Planck-Institut fuer Biochemie
- D-82143 Martinsried
- Tel.: (+49)89/8578-2735
- Fax : (+49)89/8578-2479
- heha@biochem.mpg.de
-
- 6. Resources for IP over ISDN
-
- This section lists resource locations and documents that may help in
- setting up an ISDN line or in setting up anything based on ISDN :-)
-
- comp.dcom.isdn FAQ
- ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/isdn-faq
-
- Frequently asked questions about ISDN
- http://hssun4.cs.uni-sb.de/isdn/isdn-faq-1
-
- Die ISDN Seiten (the ISDN pages)
- http://www.informatik.uni-bremen.de/~henker/dank.html
-
- ISDN on Windows 95
- Excellent! Driver and software (CAPI) for use on Windows 95.
- http://www.snafu.de/~chris/
-
- Drivers and programs for ISDN (WIN95)
- http://www.snafu.de/~chris/isdn/files/file.htm
-
- ISDN and Windows FAQ (German)
- by Andreas Kuckartz <mailto:A.Kuckartz@ping.de> is available at
- http://www.uni-mannheim.de/unima/rum/netze/isdn/
-
- 7.
-
- Where will I find the ISDN/IP FAQ ?
-
- The FAQ is posted periodically to the de.comm.isdn, de.comm.internet,
- and de.answers newsgroups.
-
- You can also contact the FAQ maintainer by mail at isdn-faq@mens.de
-
- 8. Contributors and Credits
-
- Here is a list of the contributors to this document. I hope the
- credits are correct.
-
- heha@biochem.mpg.de (Herbert Hanewinkel)
- haug@seicom.de (Winfried Haug)
- info@ins.de
- info@cls.de
- capi@friede.de (Dietmar Friede)
- Matthias@DFG.oln.zer.de (Matthias Watermann)
- achim@jat.sub.org (Joachim Astel)
- chris@rhein.de (Christoph Lueders)
- winkler@zaphod.rhein.de (Martin Winkler)
- oli@odb.rhein-main.de (Oliver Boehmer)
- juergen@hugo.rz.fh-ulm.de (Juergen Mueller)
- Wolli.Steiner@gatekeeper.rhein.de (Wolli Steiner)
- marsu@palumbia.in-berlin.de (Henrik Hempelmann)
- Wilhelm Buehler <wb@roka.de>
- Franz Koepke <koepke@gmd.de>
- Oli Kai Paulus <oli.paulus@cs.tu-berlin.de>
- cross@cs.tu-berlin.de (Carsten Rossenhoevel)
-
- These pages where formatted from an SGML source using the Linuxdoc-
- SGML DTD <ftp.cc.gatech.edu:/pub/people/gregh/linuxdoc-sgml>.
-
- 9. Glossary
-
- V110
- Bitratenadaption, definiert bis 9600 Baud; verfuegbar bei den
- meisten Terminaladaptern bis 38400, z.T. auch bis 57600 Baud
- Jedes Bit auf der V24 bzw. X21.bis Seite wird in ein Bit des
- 64kBit-Stromes des B-Kanals abgebildet. Bei einigen Implemen-
- tierungen koennen langsamere Geschwindigkeiten gemultiplext
- werden; d.h. es gibt mehere gueltige Abbildungen.
-
- V120
- Aehnlich V110, jedoch zusaetzliches Entfernen von Start- und
- Stop-bits im B-Kanal-Datenstrom. Daher ist die theoretische
- moegliche Datenrate (ohne Komprimierung) 76800 Baud.
-
- X75
- Aehnlich X25. Auf dem B-Kanal werden HDLC-Frames verschickt, die
- numeriert, bestaetigt und moeglicherweise an mehrere Prozesse
- geroutet werden muessen.
-
- CISCO
- Ein Ethernet Frame wird als ein HDLC-Frame auf den B-Kanal
- abgebildet. Das ist sehr effektiv, setzt aber voraus, dass der
- Frame als solcher gleich in den Speicher des Rechner/Routers
- gelangt.
-
- CAPI
- Commen Application Program Interface. Ist eine Schnittstelle
- aehnlich Netbios zwischen Anwendungssoftare und dem CAPI-Treiber
- im PC. Hatte CAPI von 1990 noch eine Beschreibungsvolumen von
- 40kByte, so sind es jetzt schom ueber 1MByte. Es gibt ein
- Projekt ROLAND, das (gegen Geld) Schulungen und Zertifizierungen
- macht.
-
- S0 Vier-Draht ISDN Schnittstelle. Wird von der Telecom nur noch als
- Western (RJ45) Schnittstelle installiert. Ein Einzelgeraet kann
- bis 1km vom NT (Netzabschluss der Telecom) entfernt ueber die
- vier Draehte angeschlossen werden, bei Busbetrieb (mehrere
- Geraete an der gleichen S0) kann die Ausdehnung max. 150m
- betragen.
-
- HICOM
- Die vorhandene HICOM in der GMD, kann mit Zusatzaufwand auch
- S0-faehig gemacht werden. Die von Siemens benutzten Protokolle
- sind jedoch mitunter nur muehsam und unter erheblichen Zeitver-
- lust auf 1TR6 bzw. Euro-ISDN abbildbar. Die Anlage ist z.Zt.
- noch nicht Telecom-seitig ISDN-faehig. Im August 94 soll die
- Umstellung der HICOM-Anlage der GMD erfolgen.
-
- 1TR6
- Nationales ISDN-Protokoll. Wesentliche Eigenschaften, die es von
- Euro-ISDN unterscheidet, sind semipermantente Verbindungen und
- das Subadressierungsmodell. Bis zu acht Geraete am S0-Bus
- koennen von aussen direkt angewaehlt werden. Sie werden durch
- die Endziffer unterschieden (EAZ). Der EAZ 0 und 9 kommt einen
- Sonderbedeutung zu.
-
- DDS1
- Verschiedene Rufnummern koennen beim Euro-ISDN einem S0
- Anschluss beliebig zugeordnet werden. Anrufweiterleitung und
- andere Dienste koennen daher je Rufnummer geschaltet werden. Es
- gibt aber auch keinen Global-Ruf. Von der Telecom werden dem
- Euro-ISDN-Anschluss drei Rufnummern ohne Zusatzzahlung
- zugeteilt.
-
- Fossil
- Beim PC ist im Bios der Interrupt 14 fuer die Bedienung der
- seriellen Schnittstellen vorgesehen. Da dieser aber so schlechte
- Funktionalitaet und Performance zur Verfuegeung stellt, gibt es
- kaum ein Programm, das hierauf zurueckgreift. In der Regel wird
- die Hardware (der serielle Port eines PC ist durch den schon zu
- Entwicklungszeiten des PC veralteten 8250 realisiert) direkt vom
- Anwendungsprogramm programmiert. Der Fossil-Treiber ist der
- Versuch einer Neudefinition des INT14 dieses Bios-Dienstes.
- Voraussetzung zur Benutzung ist natuerlich, dass das Anwendungs-
- programm diesen nutzt. Bei Kermit ist dies z.B. der Fall.
- Vorteil ist immer dann zu erwarten, wenn man hardwareunabhaengig
- sein moechte. Durch Auswechseln des Treibers kann dann dasselbe
- Programm ueber ein LAN oder ISDN genauso weiterverwendet werden.
-
- CFOS
- Ist ein Fossil-Treiber (s.o.) der auf der CAPI Schnittstelle
- aufsetzt. Zusaetzlich emuliert er ein Modem. Die CAPI wird also
- ueber entsprechende AT-Befehle und S-Register gesteuert.
-
- ISPA
- Ist ein Packet-Treiber, der auf CAPI aufsetzt. Er kann mit
- unterschiedlichen ISDN-Gegenstellen kommunizieren. IP-Pakete
- werden je nach Parametrisierung in X75 Pakete, in V110 Streams
- mit Byte-Stuffing als auch in HDLC-Frames verpackbar. ISPA kann
- auch F3/F5 als auch SLX und SLIP.
- INT14
- siehe FOSSIL
-
- PAPI
- Ist ein Packet-Treiber fuer SLIP und setzt auf der CAPI auf
-
- Packet-Treiber
- gehen auf eine Definition von Ftp Inc. zurueck. Die Definition
- ist Public Domain. Russ Nelson hat fuer die Packet- Treiber
- Implementierung wichtige und vereinfachende Routinen
- geschrieben, so dass sich der Schreiber eines neuen Treibers auf
- die Software fuer seine Hardware konzentrieren kann. Die Folge
- ist, dass die entstandenen Treiber wiederum im Source verfuegbar
- sind und verteilt werden. Leider gibt es noch keine Packet-
- Treiber fuer ISDN-Karten, die meisten der verfuegbaren Treiber
- wurden fuer Ethernet Karten geschrieben.
-
- ODI
- Treiber haben dieselbe Funktion wie Packet-Treiber; da die
- Definition von Novell stammt, sind sie fuer Netware
- gebraeuchlich
-
- NDIS
- Treiber haben dieselbe Funktion wie Packet-Treiber; da die
- Definition von Microsoft stammt, sind sie fuer den Lan-Manager
- gebraeuchlich.
-
- X21
- definiert die serielle Schnittstelle elektrisch als
- differentielle Signale.
-
- X21.bis
- definiert die serielle Schnittstelle mit V24 Signalpegeln, auch
- fuer die Datenclocks.
-
- Service Indicator
- wird im D-Kanal uebertragen, um den Typ des Endgeraetes
- anzuzeigen. Telefon, Fax und Modem koennen z.B. so dieselbe
- Rufnummer haben, und wissen dann jeweils selbst, wenn sie
- gemeint sind. Interessant ist meist der "additional" Service
- Indikator, der von den Teilnehmereinrichtungen mitgeschickt
- werden kann. Oft sind bei den verschiedenen Herstellern die
- Bedeutungen unter- schiedlich. Daher ist es stets sinnvoll, wenn
- der Indikator von der Endanwendung parametrisierbar ist.
-
- T70.NL
- Ist ein Protokoll oberhalb von X75 (siehe oben). Spielt eine
- Rolle in Verbindung mit BTX und Euro-File-Transfer.
-
- SPV
- Die semipermanente Verbindung ist ein Angebot der Telekom,
- aehnlich einer Festverbindung bedarfsgesteuert zu einem vorher
- bestimmtem Partner eine Verbindung (zu einem monatlichen
- Festpreis) aufzubauen. SPVs setzen einen 1TR6-Anschluss voraus.
-
- --
- __ _____ __ __
- | || _ \ | \/ | Jan-Piet Mens Tel: +49-521-9225922
- __| || ___/ | | Haendelstrasse 19 Fax: +49-521-9225924
- |_____||__| |__||__| D-33604 Bielefeld jpm@Mens.de
-