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This file was processed as: LaTeX Document
(document/latex).
| Confidence | Program | Detection | Match Type | Support
|
|---|
| 100%
| dexvert
| Newsgroup Content (archive/news)
| magic
| Supported |
| 100%
| dexvert
| LaTeX Document (document/latex)
| magic
| Supported |
| 1%
| dexvert
| Text File (text/txt)
| fallback
| Supported |
| 100%
| file
| news text
| default
| |
| 99%
| file
| LaTeX document text
| default
| |
| 98%
| file
| LaTeX document, ASCII text
| default
| |
| 100%
| TrID
| PrintFox/Pagefox bitmap (640x800)
| default (weak)
| |
| 100%
| checkBytes
| Printable ASCII
| default
| |
| 100%
| perlTextCheck
| Likely Text (Perl)
| default
| |
| 100%
| siegfried
| fmt/281 LaTeX (Subdocument)
| default
| |
| 100%
| detectItEasy
| Format: plain text[LF]
| default (weak)
| |
| 100%
| xdgMime
| message/news
| default
|
|
hex view+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
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|000012d0| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
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|00001320| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00001330| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00001340| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
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|00001360| 3d 0a 0a 42 65 20 63 61 | 72 65 66 75 6c 20 77 68 |=..Be ca|reful wh|
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|000014b0| 68 7d 3a 0a 5c 5b 0a 31 | 30 5e 7b 35 30 7d 20 2b |h}:.\[.1|0^{50} +|
|000014c0| 20 38 31 32 20 2d 20 31 | 30 5e 7b 35 30 7d 20 2b | 812 - 1|0^{50} +|
|000014d0| 20 31 30 5e 7b 35 35 7d | 20 2b 20 35 31 31 20 2d | 10^{55}| + 511 -|
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|00002700| 72 61 72 69 65 73 2e 5c | 66 6f 6f 74 6e 6f 74 65 |raries.\|footnote|
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|00002720| 65 61 6c 6c 79 20 62 65 | 6c 6f 6e 67 20 69 6e 20 |eally be|long in |
|00002730| 74 68 69 73 0a 64 6f 63 | 75 6d 65 6e 74 2c 20 62 |this.doc|ument, b|
|00002740| 75 74 20 77 68 65 6e 65 | 76 65 72 20 6f 6e 65 20 |ut whene|ver one |
|00002750| 69 73 20 70 6f 72 74 69 | 6e 67 20 61 20 70 72 6f |is porti|ng a pro|
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|000027c0| 61 20 6c 6f 74 20 6f 66 | 20 77 61 73 74 65 64 20 |a lot of| wasted |
|000027d0| 74 69 6d 65 2e 7d 20 49 | 66 20 6e 6f 6e 65 20 6f |time.} I|f none o|
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|00002800| 72 65 20 65 78 70 6c 69 | 63 69 74 6c 79 20 75 73 |re expli|citly us|
|00002810| 65 64 20 28 72 65 66 65 | 72 65 6e 63 65 64 20 62 |ed (refe|renced b|
|00002820| 79 20 61 6e 6f 74 68 65 | 72 0a 6d 6f 64 75 6c 65 |y anothe|r.module|
|00002830| 29 2c 20 74 68 65 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 6d 6f 64 75 |), then |the modu|
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|00002850| 20 7b 5c 65 6d 20 61 74 | 20 61 6c 6c 7d 2e 20 49 | {\em at| all}. I|
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|00002870| 72 20 77 68 65 74 68 65 | 72 20 6f 6e 65 20 6f 66 |r whethe|r one of|
|00002880| 20 74 68 65 20 67 6c 6f | 62 61 6c 20 7b 5c 65 6d | the glo|bal {\em|
|00002890| 20 76 61 72 69 61 62 6c | 65 73 5c 2f 7d 20 69 73 | variabl|es\/} is|
|000028a0| 20 75 73 65 64 2e 20 41 | 73 20 61 0a 73 69 64 65 | used. A|s a.side|
|000028b0| 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 2c | 20 74 68 65 20 69 6e 69 | effect,| the ini|
|000028c0| 74 69 61 6c 69 7a 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 76 |tializat|ion of v|
|000028d0| 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 73 | 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 |ariables| is not |
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|000028f0| 73 74 20 73 6f 6c 75 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 69 73 20 74 |st solut|ion is t|
|00002900| 6f 20 66 6f 72 63 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 6c 69 6e 6b |o force |the link|
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|00002920| 64 75 6c 65 0a 75 73 69 | 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 5c |dule.usi|ng the \|
|00002930| 63 6d 64 7b 2f 49 4e 43 | 4c 55 44 45 7d 20 63 6f |cmd{/INC|LUDE} co|
|00002940| 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20 6d 6f | 64 69 66 69 65 72 2e 20 |mmand mo|difier. |
|00002950| 4f 66 20 63 6f 75 72 73 | 65 2c 20 74 68 65 72 65 |Of cours|e, there|
|00002960| 20 69 73 0a 74 68 65 20 | 70 6f 73 73 69 62 69 6c | is.the |possibil|
|00002970| 69 74 79 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6d |ity that| the com|
|00002980| 6d 61 6e 64 20 6c 69 6e | 65 20 6d 61 79 20 65 78 |mand lin|e may ex|
|00002990| 63 65 65 64 0a 32 35 36 | 7e 63 68 61 72 61 63 74 |ceed.256|~charact|
|000029a0| 65 72 73 5c 6c 64 6f 74 | 73 28 2a 73 69 67 68 2a |ers\ldot|s(*sigh*|
|000029b0| 29 2e 0a 0a 5c 65 6e 64 | 7b 64 65 73 63 72 69 70 |)...\end|{descrip|
|000029c0| 74 69 6f 6e 7d 0a 0a 0a | 25 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |tion}...|%+++++++|
|000029d0| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |++++++++|++++++++|
|000029e0| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |++++++++|++++++++|
|000029f0| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |++++++++|++++++++|
|00002a00| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |++++++++|++++++++|
|00002a10| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 0a 5c | 73 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 7b |++++++.\|section{|
|00002a20| 47 65 6e 65 72 61 6c 20 | 47 75 69 64 65 6c 69 6e |General |Guidelin|
|00002a30| 65 73 7d 0a 25 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |es}.%+++|++++++++|
|00002a40| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |++++++++|++++++++|
|00002a50| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |++++++++|++++++++|
|00002a60| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |++++++++|++++++++|
|00002a70| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |++++++++|++++++++|
|00002a80| 2b 2b 0a 0a 0a 25 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |++...%==|========|
|00002a90| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00002aa0| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00002ab0| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00002ac0| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00002ad0| 3d 3d 3d 0a 5c 73 75 62 | 73 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 7b |===.\sub|section{|
|00002ae0| 54 79 70 65 73 20 61 6e | 64 20 50 6f 69 6e 74 65 |Types an|d Pointe|
|00002af0| 72 73 7d 20 5c 6c 61 62 | 65 6c 7b 74 70 7d 0a 25 |rs} \lab|el{tp}.%|
|00002b00| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00002b10| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00002b20| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00002b30| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00002b40| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 0a 0a 5c |========|=====..\|
|00002b50| 62 65 67 69 6e 7b 64 65 | 73 63 72 69 70 74 69 6f |begin{de|scriptio|
|00002b60| 6e 7d 0a 0a 5c 69 74 65 | 6d 5b 54 79 70 65 20 73 |n}..\ite|m[Type s|
|00002b70| 69 7a 65 73 3a 5d 0a 7b | 5c 65 6d 20 4e 65 76 65 |izes:].{|\em Neve|
|00002b80| 72 5c 2f 7d 20 6d 61 6b | 65 20 61 6e 79 20 61 73 |r\/} mak|e any as|
|00002b90| 73 75 6d 70 74 69 6f 6e | 73 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 |sumption|s about |
|00002ba0| 74 68 65 20 73 69 7a 65 | 20 6f 66 20 61 20 67 69 |the size| of a gi|
|00002bb0| 76 65 6e 0a 74 79 70 65 | 2c 20 65 73 70 65 63 69 |ven.type|, especi|
|00002bc0| 61 6c 6c 79 20 70 6f 69 | 6e 74 65 72 73 20 5c 63 |ally poi|nters \c|
|00002bd0| 69 74 65 7b 73 74 79 6c | 65 7d 2e 20 53 74 61 74 |ite{styl|e}. Stat|
|00002be0| 65 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 73 | 75 63 68 20 61 73 20 5c |ements s|uch as \|
|00002bf0| 3c 78 0a 5c 26 3d 20 30 | 31 37 37 37 37 30 3e 20 |<x.\&= 0|177770> |
|00002c00| 6d 61 6b 65 20 69 6d 70 | 6c 69 63 69 74 20 75 73 |make imp|licit us|
|00002c10| 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 73 69 7a 65 20 6f 66 |e of the| size of|
|00002c20| 7e 5c 3c 78 3e 2e 20 49 | 66 20 74 68 65 0a 69 6e |~\<x>. I|f the.in|
|00002c30| 74 65 6e 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 69 73 20 74 6f 20 63 6c |tention |is to cl|
|00002c40| 65 61 72 20 74 68 65 20 | 6c 6f 77 65 73 74 20 74 |ear the |lowest t|
|00002c50| 68 72 65 65 20 62 69 74 | 73 2c 20 74 68 65 6e 20 |hree bit|s, then |
|00002c60| 69 74 20 69 73 20 62 65 | 73 74 20 74 6f 0a 75 73 |it is be|st to.us|
|00002c70| 65 20 5c 3c 78 20 5c 26 | 3d 20 5c 74 77 69 64 64 |e \<x \&|= \twidd|
|00002c80| 6c 65 30 37 3e 2e 20 54 | 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 74 |le07>. T|he first|
|00002c90| 20 61 6c 74 65 72 6e 61 | 74 69 76 65 20 77 69 6c | alterna|tive wil|
|00002ca0| 6c 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 63 | 6c 65 61 72 0a 74 68 65 |l also c|lear.the|
|00002cb0| 20 68 69 67 68 2d 6f 72 | 64 65 72 20 31 36 7e 62 | high-or|der 16~b|
|00002cc0| 69 74 73 20 69 66 7e 5c | 3c 78 3e 20 69 73 20 33 |its if~\|<x> is 3|
|00002cd0| 32 7e 62 69 74 73 20 77 | 69 64 65 2e 0a 0a 5c 69 |2~bits w|ide...\i|
|00002ce0| 74 65 6d 5b 42 79 74 65 | 20 6f 72 64 65 72 69 6e |tem[Byte| orderin|
|00002cf0| 67 3a 5d 20 5c 6c 61 62 | 65 6c 7b 62 79 74 65 6f |g:] \lab|el{byteo|
|00002d00| 72 64 65 72 7d 0a 54 68 | 65 72 65 20 61 72 65 20 |rder}.Th|ere are |
|00002d10| 74 77 6f 20 70 6f 73 73 | 69 62 69 6c 69 74 69 65 |two poss|ibilitie|
|00002d20| 73 20 66 6f 72 20 62 79 | 74 65 20 6f 72 64 65 72 |s for by|te order|
|00002d30| 69 6e 67 3a 20 7b 5c 65 | 6d 0a 6c 69 74 74 6c 65 |ing: {\e|m.little|
|00002d40| 2d 65 6e 64 69 61 6e 5c | 2f 7d 20 61 6e 64 20 7b |-endian\|/} and {|
|00002d50| 5c 65 6d 20 62 69 67 2d | 65 6e 64 69 61 6e 5c 2f |\em big-|endian\/|
|00002d60| 7d 20 61 72 63 68 69 74 | 65 63 74 75 72 65 73 2e |} archit|ectures.|
|00002d70| 20 54 68 69 73 0a 70 72 | 6f 62 6c 65 6d 20 69 73 | This.pr|oblem is|
|00002d80| 20 69 6c 6c 75 73 74 72 | 61 74 65 64 20 62 79 20 | illustr|ated by |
|00002d90| 74 68 65 20 63 6f 64 65 | 20 62 65 6c 6f 77 3a 0a |the code| below:.|
|00002da0| 0a 5c 62 65 67 69 6e 7b | 76 65 72 62 61 74 69 6d |.\begin{|verbatim|
|00002db0| 7d 0a 20 20 20 6c 6f 6e | 67 20 69 6e 74 20 73 74 |}. lon|g int st|
|00002dc0| 72 5b 32 5d 20 3d 20 7b | 30 78 34 31 34 32 34 33 |r[2] = {|0x414243|
|00002dd0| 34 34 2c 20 30 78 30 7d | 3b 20 2f 2a 20 41 53 43 |44, 0x0}|; /* ASC|
|00002de0| 49 49 20 22 41 42 43 44 | 22 20 2a 2f 0a 20 20 20 |II "ABCD|" */. |
|00002df0| 70 72 69 6e 74 66 20 28 | 22 25 73 5c 6e 22 2c 20 |printf (|"%s\n", |
|00002e00| 28 63 68 61 72 20 2a 29 | 26 73 74 72 29 3b 0a 5c |(char *)|&str);.\|
|00002e10| 65 6e 64 7b 76 65 72 62 | 61 74 69 6d 7d 0a 0a 41 |end{verb|atim}..A|
|00002e20| 20 6c 69 74 74 6c 65 2d | 65 6e 64 69 61 6e 20 28 | little-|endian (|
|00002e30| 5c 65 2e 67 2e 20 56 41 | 58 29 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 |\e.g. VA|X) will |
|00002e40| 70 72 69 6e 74 20 60 60 | 5c 3c 44 43 42 41 3e 27 |print ``|\<DCBA>'|
|00002e50| 27 20 77 68 65 72 65 61 | 73 20 61 0a 62 69 67 2d |' wherea|s a.big-|
|00002e60| 65 6e 64 69 61 6e 20 28 | 5c 65 2e 67 2e 20 4d 43 |endian (|\e.g. MC|
|00002e70| 36 38 30 30 30 20 6d 69 | 63 72 6f 70 72 6f 63 65 |68000 mi|croproce|
|00002e80| 73 73 6f 72 73 29 20 77 | 69 6c 6c 20 70 72 69 6e |ssors) w|ill prin|
|00002e90| 74 0a 60 60 5c 3c 41 42 | 43 44 3e 27 27 5c 40 2e |t.``\<AB|CD>''\@.|
|00002ea0| 20 28 41 73 20 61 20 73 | 69 64 65 20 6e 6f 74 65 | (As a s|ide note|
|00002eb0| 2c 20 74 68 65 72 65 20 | 69 73 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 |, there |is also |
|00002ec0| 7b 5c 65 6d 20 50 44 50 | 2d 65 6e 64 69 61 6e 5c |{\em PDP|-endian\|
|00002ed0| 2f 7d 0a 74 68 61 74 20 | 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 70 72 |/}.that |would pr|
|00002ee0| 69 6e 74 20 60 60 5c 3c | 42 41 44 43 3e 27 27 2c |int ``\<|BADC>'',|
|00002ef0| 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 65 | 64 20 62 79 20 6d 61 6e | followe|d by man|
|00002f00| 79 20 73 6d 69 6c 65 79 | 73 2e 29 0a 0a 4e 6f 74 |y smiley|s.)..Not|
|00002f10| 65 3a 20 54 68 65 20 65 | 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 20 77 |e: The e|xample w|
|00002f20| 69 6c 6c 20 6f 6e 6c 79 | 20 66 75 6e 63 74 69 6f |ill only| functio|
|00002f30| 6e 20 63 6f 72 72 65 63 | 74 6c 79 20 69 66 20 5c |n correc|tly if \|
|00002f40| 3c 73 69 7a 65 6f 66 28 | 6c 6f 6e 67 7e 69 6e 74 |<sizeof(|long~int|
|00002f50| 29 3e 0a 20 69 73 20 33 | 32 7e 62 69 74 73 2e 20 |)>. is 3|2~bits. |
|00002f60| 41 6c 74 68 6f 75 67 68 | 20 6e 6f 74 20 70 6f 72 |Although| not por|
|00002f70| 74 61 62 6c 65 2c 20 69 | 74 20 73 65 72 76 65 73 |table, i|t serves|
|00002f80| 20 77 65 6c 6c 20 61 73 | 20 61 6e 20 65 78 61 6d | well as| an exam|
|00002f90| 70 6c 65 20 66 6f 72 20 | 74 68 65 0a 67 69 76 65 |ple for |the.give|
|00002fa0| 6e 20 70 72 6f 62 6c 65 | 6d 2e 0a 0a 5c 69 74 65 |n proble|m...\ite|
|00002fb0| 6d 5b 41 6c 69 67 6e 6d | 65 6e 74 20 63 6f 6e 73 |m[Alignm|ent cons|
|00002fc0| 74 72 61 69 6e 74 73 3a | 5d 0a 42 65 77 61 72 65 |traints:|].Beware|
|00002fd0| 20 6f 66 20 61 6c 69 67 | 6e 6d 65 6e 74 20 63 6f | of alig|nment co|
|00002fe0| 6e 73 74 72 61 69 6e 74 | 73 20 77 68 65 6e 20 61 |nstraint|s when a|
|00002ff0| 6c 6c 6f 63 61 74 69 6e | 67 20 6d 65 6d 6f 72 79 |llocatin|g memory|
|00003000| 20 61 6e 64 20 75 73 69 | 6e 67 0a 70 6f 69 6e 74 | and usi|ng.point|
|00003010| 65 72 73 2e 20 53 6f 6d | 65 20 61 72 63 68 69 74 |ers. Som|e archit|
|00003020| 65 63 74 75 72 65 73 20 | 72 65 73 74 72 69 63 74 |ectures |restrict|
|00003030| 20 74 68 65 20 61 64 64 | 72 65 73 73 65 73 20 74 | the add|resses t|
|00003040| 68 61 74 20 63 65 72 74 | 61 69 6e 0a 6f 70 65 72 |hat cert|ain.oper|
|00003050| 61 6e 64 73 20 6d 61 79 | 20 62 65 20 61 73 73 69 |ands may| be assi|
|00003060| 67 6e 65 64 20 74 6f 20 | 28 74 68 61 74 20 69 73 |gned to |(that is|
|00003070| 2c 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | 73 65 73 20 6f 66 20 74 |, addres|ses of t|
|00003080| 68 65 20 66 6f 72 6d 7e | 24 32 5e 6b 45 24 2c 0a |he form~|$2^kE$,.|
|00003090| 77 68 65 72 65 7e 24 6b | 20 3e 20 30 24 29 2e 20 |where~$k| > 0$). |
|000030a0| 20 43 6f 64 65 20 73 75 | 63 68 20 61 73 0a 0a 5c | Code su|ch as..\|
|000030b0| 62 65 67 69 6e 7b 76 65 | 72 62 61 74 69 6d 7d 0a |begin{ve|rbatim}.|
|000030c0| 20 20 20 63 68 61 72 20 | 2a 73 20 3d 20 22 62 6c | char |*s = "bl|
|000030d0| 61 22 3b 20 2f 2a 20 61 | 6c 6c 6f 63 61 74 65 64 |a"; /* a|llocated|
|000030e0| 20 62 79 20 63 6f 6d 70 | 69 6c 65 72 20 2a 2f 0a | by comp|iler */.|
|000030f0| 20 20 20 69 6e 74 20 20 | 2a 76 20 3d 20 28 69 6e | int |*v = (in|
|00003100| 74 20 2a 29 73 3b 0a 5c | 65 6e 64 7b 76 65 72 62 |t *)s;.\|end{verb|
|00003110| 61 74 69 6d 7d 0a 0a 77 | 6f 75 6c 64 20 6d 6f 73 |atim}..w|ould mos|
|00003120| 74 20 70 72 6f 62 61 62 | 6c 79 20 66 61 69 6c 20 |t probab|ly fail |
|00003130| 69 66 20 74 68 65 20 61 | 6c 69 67 6e 6d 65 6e 74 |if the a|lignment|
|00003140| 20 63 6f 6e 73 74 72 61 | 69 6e 74 73 20 6f 66 20 | constra|ints of |
|00003150| 5c 3c 69 6e 74 3e 0a 74 | 79 70 65 73 20 61 72 65 |\<int>.t|ypes are|
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|00003170| 6e 20 74 68 6f 73 65 20 | 6f 66 20 5c 3c 63 68 61 |n those |of \<cha|
|00003180| 72 3e 20 74 79 70 65 73 | 20 28 74 68 65 20 75 73 |r> types| (the us|
|00003190| 75 61 6c 0a 63 61 73 65 | 20 66 6f 72 20 52 49 53 |ual.case| for RIS|
|000031a0| 43 20 61 72 63 68 69 74 | 65 63 74 75 72 65 73 29 |C archit|ectures)|
|000031b0| 2e 20 54 68 65 20 63 6f | 64 65 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 |. The co|de would|
|000031c0| 20 6e 6f 74 20 66 61 69 | 6c 20 64 75 65 20 74 6f | not fai|l due to|
|000031d0| 0a 61 6c 69 67 6e 6d 65 | 6e 74 20 63 6f 6e 73 74 |.alignme|nt const|
|000031e0| 72 61 69 6e 74 73 20 69 | 66 20 74 68 65 20 6d 65 |raints i|f the me|
|000031f0| 6d 6f 72 79 20 69 6e 64 | 69 63 61 74 65 64 20 62 |mory ind|icated b|
|00003200| 79 7e 5c 3c 73 3e 20 68 | 61 64 20 62 65 65 6e 0a |y~\<s> h|ad been.|
|00003210| 61 6c 6c 6f 63 61 74 65 | 64 20 62 79 20 5c 3c 6d |allocate|d by \<m|
|00003220| 61 6c 6c 6f 63 3e 20 61 | 6e 64 20 66 72 69 65 6e |alloc> a|nd frien|
|00003230| 64 73 2e 0a 0a 5c 69 74 | 65 6d 5b 50 6f 69 6e 74 |ds...\it|em[Point|
|00003240| 65 72 20 66 6f 72 6d 61 | 74 73 3a 5d 20 5c 63 69 |er forma|ts:] \ci|
|00003250| 74 65 7b 73 74 79 6c 65 | 7d 0a 50 6f 69 6e 74 65 |te{style|}.Pointe|
|00003260| 72 73 20 74 6f 20 6f 62 | 6a 65 63 74 73 20 6d 61 |rs to ob|jects ma|
|00003270| 79 20 68 61 76 65 20 74 | 68 65 20 73 61 6d 65 20 |y have t|he same |
|00003280| 73 69 7a 65 20 62 75 74 | 20 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 |size but| differe|
|00003290| 6e 74 0a 66 6f 72 6d 61 | 74 73 2e 20 54 68 69 73 |nt.forma|ts. This|
|000032a0| 20 69 73 20 69 6c 6c 75 | 73 74 72 61 74 65 64 20 | is illu|strated |
|000032b0| 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 63 | 6f 64 65 20 62 65 6c 6f |by the c|ode belo|
|000032c0| 77 3a 0a 0a 5c 62 65 67 | 69 6e 7b 76 65 72 62 61 |w:..\beg|in{verba|
|000032d0| 74 69 6d 7d 0a 20 20 20 | 69 6e 74 20 2a 70 20 3d |tim}. |int *p =|
|000032e0| 20 28 69 6e 74 20 2a 29 | 20 6d 61 6c 6c 6f 63 28 | (int *)| malloc(|
|000032f0| 2e 2e 2e 29 3b 20 2e 2e | 2e 20 66 72 65 65 28 70 |...); ..|. free(p|
|00003300| 29 3b 0a 5c 65 6e 64 7b | 76 65 72 62 61 74 69 6d |);.\end{|verbatim|
|00003310| 7d 0a 0a 54 68 69 73 20 | 63 6f 64 65 20 6d 61 79 |}..This |code may|
|00003320| 20 6d 61 6c 66 75 6e 63 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 6e 20 | malfunc|tion in |
|00003330| 61 72 63 68 69 74 65 63 | 74 75 72 65 73 20 77 68 |architec|tures wh|
|00003340| 65 72 65 20 5c 3c 69 6e | 74 7e 2a 3e 20 61 6e 64 |ere \<in|t~*> and|
|00003350| 0a 5c 3c 63 68 61 72 7e | 2a 3e 20 68 61 76 65 20 |.\<char~|*> have |
|00003360| 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e | 74 20 72 65 70 72 65 73 |differen|t repres|
|00003370| 65 6e 74 61 74 69 6f 6e | 73 20 62 65 63 61 75 73 |entation|s becaus|
|00003380| 65 20 5c 3c 66 72 65 65 | 3e 20 65 78 70 65 63 74 |e \<free|> expect|
|00003390| 73 0a 61 20 70 6f 69 6e | 74 65 72 20 6f 66 20 74 |s.a poin|ter of t|
|000033a0| 68 65 20 6c 61 74 74 65 | 72 20 74 79 70 65 2e 0a |he latte|r type..|
|000033b0| 0a 50 6f 69 6e 74 65 72 | 73 20 74 6f 20 64 69 66 |.Pointer|s to dif|
|000033c0| 66 65 72 65 6e 74 20 74 | 79 70 65 73 20 6f 66 20 |ferent t|ypes of |
|000033d0| 6f 62 6a 65 63 74 73 20 | 6d 61 79 20 68 61 76 65 |objects |may have|
|000033e0| 20 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 | 6e 74 20 73 69 7a 65 73 | differe|nt sizes|
|000033f0| 20 61 73 20 77 65 6c 6c | 2e 0a 46 6f 72 20 69 6e | as well|..For in|
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