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- $Unique_ID{BRK04040}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Nemaline Myopathy}
- $Subject{Nemaline Myopathy Rod Myopathy Congenital Rod Disease }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986, 1987, 1989, 1990 National Organization for Rare
- Disorders, Inc.
-
- 151:
- Nemaline Myopathy
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Nemaline Myopathy) is
- not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Rod Myopathy
- Congenital Rod Disease
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section.
-
-
- Nemaline myopathy is a hereditary muscular disease characterized by
- weakness and "floppiness" of skeletal muscles. The disease derives its name
- from the presence of very fine threads or rods called "nemaline rods" in the
- microscopic muscle fibers.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Nemaline myopathy is evident from birth. Thighs and upper arms are thin and
- extremely weak. The muscles of the trunk (i.e., the chest, back, and
- abdomen) are also weak so that posture may be abnormal. Deep tendon reflexes
- (such as knee or ankle jerks) may be absent. Muscle tone is very poor, and
- the muscles are soft and the child seems "floppy".
-
- If the muscles involved in swallowing or breathing become severely
- involved, the disease may be life threatening. Otherwise, the prognosis is
- indeterminate. The muscular dysfunction progresses during childhood, but
- overall growth of muscle mass may counterbalance this, so that the condition
- may improve overall as the child grows.
-
- Causes
-
- Nemaline Rod Disease is inherited, either through a dominant or recessive
- mode of transmission.
-
- Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of
- the interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the father
- and one from the mother.
-
- In dominant disorders, a single copy of the disease gene (received from
- either the mother or father) will be expressed "dominating" the normal gene
- and resulting in appearance of the disease. The risk of transmitting the
- disorder from affected parent to offspring is 50% for each pregnancy
- regardless of the sex of the resulting child.
-
- In recessive disorders, the condition does not appear unless a person
- inherits the same defective gene from each parent. If one receives one
- normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will be a carrier for
- the disease, but usually will show no symptoms. The risk of transmitting the
- disease to the children of a couple, both of whom are carriers for a
- recessive disorder, is twenty-five percent. Fifty percent of their children
- will be carriers, but healthy as described above. Twenty-five percent of
- their children will receive both normal genes, one from each parent and will
- be genetically normal.
-
- The biochemical defect involved is not known, although the nemaline rods
- suggest an abnormal accumulation of some protein.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Nemaline myopathy may occur in the same families as Central core Disease, a
- milder, less progressive, but similar muscle disease.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Nemaline Myopathy is symptomatic and supportive. Symptoms of
- the disease often improve as the child gets older.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- January 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Nemaline Myopathy, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5751
- (800) 352-9424
-
- For information on genetics and genetic counseling referrals, please
- contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- THE MERCK MANUAL 15th ed: R. Berkow, et al: eds; Merck, Sharp & Dohme
- Research Laboratories, 1987. P. 1452.
-
- THE METABOLIC BASIS OF INHERITED DISEASE, 6th ed.: Charles R. Scriver,
- et al.; eds., McGraw Hill, 1989. P. 2892.
-
-