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- $Unique_ID{BRK03605}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Churg-Strauss Syndrome}
- $Subject{Churg-Strauss Syndrome Allergic Angiitis and Granulomatosis Allergic
- Granulomatosis and Angiitis System Vasculitis with Asthma and Eosinophilia
- Allergic Granulomatous Angiitis Polyarteritis Nodosa Wegener's Granulomatosis
- Sarcoidosis Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis Eosinophilic Pneumonia}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1989, 1990 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 638:
- Churg-Strauss Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Churg-Strauss
- Syndrome) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to
- find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Allergic Angiitis and Granulomatosis
- Allergic Granulomatosis and Angiitis
- System Vasculitis with Asthma and Eosinophilia
- Allergic Granulomatous Angiitis
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Polyarteritis Nodosa
- Wegener's Granulomatosis
- Sarcoidosis
- Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis
- Eosinophilic Pneumonia
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Churg-Strauss Syndrome is a lung disorder often occuring as a
- complication of other disorders. Allergic blood vessel inflammation
- (angiitis or vasculitis) is accompanied by many inflammatory nodular lesions
- (granulomatosis) which may be small or granular, and are made up of compactly
- grouped cells. The age of onset varies from 15 to 70 years of age.
-
- Symptoms
-
- An allergic reaction or asthma may precede development of Churg-Strauss
- Syndrome by several years. Asthma tends to subside as widespread blood
- vessel inflammation (vasculitis) occurs. Lung tissue infiltrations (which
- may be short term or persistent), fever, and weight loss are often initial
- signs of the disorder. Interstitial lung disease may also develop. Lesions
- may be found in the eyes and seizures may occur.
-
- Small inflammatory growths (granulomas) may infiltrate any tissue in the
- body causing deterioration, and may be accompanied by accumulations of
- certain white blood cells (eosinophils). Later they can join together to
- form larger lesions. Cells called histiocytes and a variable number of giant
- cells also may invade tissues, especially in the lungs. When growths center
- on blood vessels, both deteriorating and infiltrating inflammation can occur.
- These lesions can heal with or without scar formation.
-
- General discomfort (malaise), skin rash, kidney inflammation, nerve
- disease of the extremities (peripheral neuropathy), pain in many of the
- joints (asymmetric polyarthralgia), or arthritis may also occur.
-
- Causes
-
- The exact cause of Churg-Strauss Syndrome is not known. However, some
- scientists believe that an immune system dysfunction may be involved.
- Autoimmune disorders are caused when the body's natural defenses (antibodies)
- against invading organisms suddenly begin to attack healthy tissue. Some
- cases may be linked to abnormal reactions by blood cells which produce
- antibodies to a thyroid protein (thyroglobulin), organ wall (parietal) cells,
- adrenal cells, or thyroid.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Churg-Strauss Syndrome affects males and females in equal numbers.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Churg-Strauss
- Syndrome. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Polyarteritis Nodosa is an inflammatory blood vessel disorder that
- involves medium-sized and small arteries. This rare condition occurs in
- approximately one in 100,000 people in the U.S. Males are affected twice as
- often as females, and the disease may begin at any age. Abnormal immune
- system processes appear to cause the illness in some cases, although many
- diverse problems may be the cause. Blood vessel inflammation (vasculitis) is
- the initial symptom of this disorder. (For more information on this
- disorder, choose "Polyarteritis Nodosa" as your search term in the Rare
- Disease Database.)
-
- Wegener's Granulomatosis is an uncommon collagen vascular disorder that
- begins as a localized inflammation of mucous membranes in the respiratory
- tract. It usually progresses into generalized inflammation of the blood
- vessels (vasculitis) and kidney (glomerulonephritis). Onset may be gradual
- or sudden. A severe common cold, paranasal sinusitis, ulcerations of the
- mucous membranes of the nose with secondary bacterial infection, middle ear
- infection (otitis media) with hearing loss, cough, expectoration of blood
- (hemoptysis), and /or pleuritis are among possible symptoms. (For more
- information on this disorder, choose "Wegener" as your search term in the
- Rare Disease Database).
-
- Sarcoidosis is a disorder which affects many body systems. It is
- characterized by small round lesions of granulation tissue. Symptoms vary
- depending on the severity of the disease and how much of the body is
- affected. Fever, weight loss and joint pain may be the initial symptoms.
- Enlarged lymph glands (lymphadenopathy) are common, but usually produce no
- noticeable symptoms. Lung involvement can follow lymph gland problems. Skin
- lesions may develop during the long-term generalized phase of the disorder,
- as well as grainy tissue growths (granulomas) of the nasal mucous membranes
- and/or eyelids (conjunctivae). (For more information on this disorder, choose
- "Sarcoidosis" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Churg-Strauss Syndrome involves corticosteroid drugs and/or
- cyclophosphamide for inflammation and kidney problems. In very severe cases,
- intravenous methylprednisolone may be effective. An ophthalmologist should
- be consulted for treatment of eye (conjunctival) complications. Other
- treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Plasma exchange is being tested as an experimental treatment for Churg-
- Strauss Syndrome in conjunction with corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide
- drugs. This is a method for removing unwanted substances such as toxins,
- metabolic substances and plasma parts from the blood by separation plasma
- from blood cells. This therapy is still under investigation to analyze side
- effects and effectiveness. More research is needed before plasma exchange
- can be recommended for use in all but the most severe cases of Churg-Strauss
- Syndrome.
-
- Studies are being conducted in the use of Sandoglobulin as a treatment
- for Churg Strauss-Syndrome. Further investigation is needed to determine
- it's safety and effectiveness.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- March 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Churg-Strauss Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- American Lung Association
- 1740 Broadway
- New York NY 10019
- (212) 315-8700
-
- NIH/National Heart, Blood & Lung Institute (NHBLI)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-4236
-
- References
-
- INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown and
- Co., 1987. Pp. 1285-1286.
-
- COMPLICATIONS OF PLASMA EXCHANGE IN THE TREATMENT OF POLYARTERITIS NODOSA
- AND CHURG-STRAUSS ANGIITIS AND THE CONTRIBUTION OF ADJUVANT IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE
- THERAPY; A RANDOMIZED TRIAL IN 72 PATIENTS; F. Lhote, et al.; Artif Orgins
- (February, 1988, issue 12 (1)). Pp. 27-33.
-
- ALLERGIC ANGIITIS OF CHURG AND STRAUSS SYNDROME. RESPONSE TO PULSE
- METHYLPREDNISOLONE; R. MacFadyen, et al.; Chest (April, 1987, issue 91 (4)).
- Pp. 629-631.
-
- SYSTEMIC VASCULITIS WITH ASTHMA AND EOSINOPHILIA; A CLINICAL APPROACH TO
- THE CHURG-STRAUSS SYNDROME; J.G. Lanham, et al.; Medicind (Baltimore),
- (March, 1984, issue 63 (2)). Pp. 65-81.
-
- CONJUNCTIVAL INVOLVEMENT IN CHURG-STRAUSS SYNDROME: C.L. Shields, et al,;
- Am J Ophthalmol (November 15, 1986, issue 102 (5)). Pp. 601-605.
-
-