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- $Unique_ID{BRK03539}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Branchio-Oculo-Facial Syndrome}
- $Subject{Branchio-Oculo-Facial Syndrome Branchiooculofacial Syndrome BOFS
- Imperforate Nasolacrimal Duct, and Premature Aging Syndrome Hemangiomatous
- Branchial Clefts-Lip Pseudocleft Syndrome Lip Pseudocleft-hemangiomatous
- Branchial Cyst Syndrome Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome Cleft Lip and Cleft
- Palate Cerebro-Costo-Mandibular Syndrome Cerebro-Oculo-Facio-Skeletal
- Syndrome}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1990 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 714:
- Branchio-Oculo-Facial Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Branchio-Oculo-Facial
- Syndrome) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to
- find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Branchiooculofacial Syndrome
- BOFS
- Imperforate Nasolacrimal Duct, and Premature Aging Syndrome
- Hemangiomatous Branchial Clefts-Lip Pseudocleft Syndrome
- Lip Pseudocleft-hemangiomatous Branchial Cyst Syndrome
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome
- Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate
- Cerebro-Costo-Mandibular Syndrome
- Cerebro-Oculo-Facio-Skeletal Syndrome
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Branchio-Oculo-Facial Syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder. Major
- symptoms may include abnormal sinuses, growth retardation, premature aging
- and an unusual facial appearance.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Branchio-Oculo-Facial Syndrome is characterized by low birth weight and
- slowed growth after birth, there is clefting of the sinuses on both sides of
- the face, crossed eyes, obstructed ducts in the nose, a broad nasal bridge,
- protruding upper lip, and a fish-like mouth. There may also be premature
- aging and very early graying of the hair. The ears of persons with Branchio-
- Oculo-Facial Syndrome may be malformed and have skin lesions behind them.
- Other symptoms may include pits in the skin of the ears and lips, a highly
- arched palate, tooth abnormalities, and cysts under the skin of the scalp.
- This disorder does not affect intelligence.
-
- Causes
-
- Branchio-Oculo-Facial Syndrome is transmitted through autosomal dominant
- genes. In most cases at least one parent has a deformity of the lip or
- mouth, and premature graying of the hair. Human traits, including the classic
- genetic diseases, are the product of the interaction of two genes, one
- received from the father and one from the mother. In dominant disorders a
- single copy of the disease gene (received from either the mother or father)
- will be expressed "dominating" the other normal gene and resulting in
- appearance of the disease. The risk of transmitting the disorder from
- affected parent to offspring is fifty percent for each pregnancy regardless
- of the sex of the resulting child.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Branchio-Oculo-Facial Syndrome is a very rare disorder affecting males and
- females in equal numbers.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Branchio-
- Oculo-Facial Syndrome. Comparisons may be useful for a differential
- diagnosis:
-
- Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome (OFD) is a genetic disorder which includes
- many neuromuscular disturbances, congenital malformations such as cleft
- palate, facial deformities, malformations of the hands and feet, shortened
- limbs and various degrees of mental retardation. (For more information on
- this disorder, choose "OFD" as your search term in the Rare Disease
- Database).
-
- Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate are among the most common congenital
- malformations. Clefts of the lip or palate result when the development of
- the face or mouth in an embryo is incomplete. Children born with this
- condition have an opening in their upper lip or the roof of the mouth. The
- defect ranges from a slight notch-like deformity to complete clefts of the
- lip and palate. Symptoms may include flattened nose and splayed lips, nasal
- quality voice, speech defects, deformed maxillary arch and an excessive
- number or absence of teeth. (For more information on this disorder, choose
- "Cleft Lip" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Cerebro-Costo-Mandibular Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder
- characterized by an unusually small jaw (micrognathia), abnormalities of the
- palate and multiple rib defects. Mild to moderate mental retardation may
- also occur. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Cerebro-C" as
- your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Cerebro-Oculo-Facio-Skeletal Syndrome is a genetic degenerative disorder
- of the brain and spinal cord that begins before birth. The disorder is
- characterized by reduced amounts of white brain matter with gray mottling,
- lowered muscle tone and diminished or absent reflexes. Abnormalities of the
- skull, face, eyes, limbs and other parts of the body may also occur. (For
- more information on this disorder, choose "Cerebro-Oculo-Facio-Skeletal" as
- your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Branchio-Oculo-Facial Syndrome is reconstructive surgery to
- repair facial deformities and obstructed nasal ducts. Crossed eyes may also
- be corrected by surgery. Genetic counseling is recommend for patients and
- their families. Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through July
- 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every
- entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please
- check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current
- information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Branchio-Oculo-Facial Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Association for the Craniofacially Handicapped
- P.O. Box 11082
- Chattanooga, TN 37401
- (615) 266-1632
-
- National Craniofacial Foundation
- 3100 Carlisle St., Suite 215
- Dallas, TX 75204
- (800) 535-3643
-
- Let's Face It
- Box 711
- Concord, MA 01742
- (508) 371-3186
-
- National Foundation for Facial Reconstruction
- 550 First Avenue
- New York, NY 11016
- (212) 340-6656
-
- National Cleft Palate Association
- 1218 Grandview Ave.
- Pittsburgh, PA 15211
- 1-800-23CLEFT
- 1-800-24CLEFT
-
- For genetic information and genetic counseling referrals, please contact:
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 8th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. Pp. 112.
-
-