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- $Unique_ID{BRK03526}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Biliary Atresia}
- $Subject{Biliary Atresia}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986, 1990 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 197:
- Biliary Atresia
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Biliary Atresia, a disorder of unknown cause, is the closure of
- obstruction of the bile duct outside the liver. Both male and female infants
- are affected.
-
- Symptoms
-
- The absence of the opening of the bile duct causes jaundice (yellow color of
- the skin) because bile does not flow freely from the liver to the small
- intestines. Dark urine, pale stools and an enlarged liver are other symptoms
- of Biliary Atresia. These signs usually do not become apparent until two
- weeks after birth.
-
- By the age of two to three months, slow growth, irritability from
- itchiness, and signs of portal hypertension (elevated pressure in the liver
- blood vessel system) may be present. Formation of fibrous tissue around the
- portal vein develops and can lead to cirrhosis (a type of liver disease) with
- proliferation of small bile ducts unless these are also closed. Giant cell
- transformation of liver cells also occurs in Biliary Atresia.
-
- Causes
-
- The cause of Biliary Atresia is unknown.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Infants of both sexes are affected by Biliary Atresia.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- The bile ducts inside the liver are underdeveloped in Neonatal Hepatitis or
- Giant Cell Hepatitis, while Biliary Atresia is characterized by closure of
- the bile ducts outside the liver.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Diagnosis of Biliary Atresia is done by surgically opening the abdomen and
- obtaining an x-ray of the bile ducts using an opaque dye. An open liver
- biopsy, by age three months or younger, can also be performed. Surgical
- repair of closed bile ducts is successful in only 5 to 10% of cases. In the
- remainder, the Kasai procedure, (portoenterostomy) can be done to surgically
- make a connection between the main bile duct and the duodenum (first part of
- small intestine). In the majority of patients with Biliary Atresia, bile
- flow can be established with these procedures. Cholestyramine, which binds
- bile salts in the intestine, can be administered to relieve itchiness.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- January 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Biliary Atresia, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- American Liver Foundation
- 998 Pomptom Avenue
- Cedar Grove, NJ 07009
- (201) 857-2626
- (800) 223-0179
-
- The United Liver Foundation
- 11646 West Pico Blvd.
- Los Angeles, CA 90064
- (213) 445-4204 or 445-4200
-
- Children's Liver Foundation
- 14245 Ventura Blvd.
- Sherman Oaks, CA 91423
- (818) 906-3021
-
- National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse
- Box NDdIC
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 468-6344
-
- References
-
- CECIL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE, 18th ed.: James B. Wyngaarden, and Lloyd H.
- Smith, Jr., Eds.: W. B. Saunders Co., 1988. P. 846.
-
- THE MERCK MANUAL 15th ed: R. Berkow, et al: eds; Merck, Sharp & Dohme
- Research Laboratories, 1987. P. 1943.
-
-