home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- $Unique_ID{BRK03443}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Alper's Disease}
- $Subject{Alper's Disease Alpers Diffuse Degeneration of Cerebral Gray Matter
- With Hepatic Cirrhosis Poliodystrophia Cerebri Progressiva Alpers Progressive
- Infantile Poliodystrophy Progressive Poliodystrophy Myoclonic Epilepsy Leigh's
- Disease Wernicke Encephalopathy Batten Disease Tay-Sachs Disease}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 610:
- Alper's Disease
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Alper's Disease) is
- not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Alpers Diffuse Degeneration of Cerebral Gray Matter With Hepatic
- Cirrhosis
- Poliodystrophia Cerebri Progressiva
- Alpers Progressive Infantile Poliodystrophy
- Progressive Poliodystrophy
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Myoclonic Epilepsy
- Leigh's Disease
- Wernicke Encephalopathy
- Batten Disease
- Tay-Sachs Disease
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Alper's Disease is a progressive neurologic (brain) disorder that occurs
- early in life. Symptoms include increased muscle tone with exaggerated
- reflexes (spasticity), seizures, loss of cognitive ability (dementia) and in
- many cases liver disease.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Alper's Disease usually begins during early childhood. It is characterized
- by retardation of motor movement, partial paralysis, seizures, muscle
- twitching, liver damage and increased density of the grey matter in the
- brain. Intractable seizures and progressive loss of cognitive ability
- (dementia) may also occur. Symptoms of the disease may be intensified by
- stress or other illnesses.
-
- Causes
-
- The exact cause of Alper's Disease is not known. Researchers have been
- unable to determine whether or not it is inherited or acquired, or if it
- involves a metabolic defect.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Alper's Disease affects males and females in equal numbers usually during
- early childhood.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Alper's
- Disease. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Myoclonic Epilepsy is a hereditary neurologic disorder inherited through
- recessive genes. It is characterized by sudden brief contractions of groups
- of muscles. Onset is usually between the ages of six and sixteen. During
- the initial period of seizures there is loss of consciousness. After years
- of attacks of increasing frequency and severity, spasms involving the muscles
- of the face, trunk, arms, and legs intensify. Untreated, this type of
- epilepsy can lead to progressive dementia. (For more information on this
- disorder, choose "Epilepsy" as your search term in the Rare Disease
- Database).
-
- Leigh's Disease is a genetic metabolic disorder characterized by lesions
- of the brain, spinal cord, optic nerve and in some cases, an enlarged heart.
- The disorder is usually first diagnosed during infancy but may begin later.
- Symptoms during infancy may include low body weight, slow growth, tremors,
- skin changes and interrupted breathing patterns. Progressive neurological
- disturbances, mental retardation, slurred speech and loss of motor
- coordination (ataxia) may occur. Abnormalities of eye movement and other
- vision problems may develop in cases with later onset. (For more information
- on this disorder, choose "Leigh" as your search term in the Rare Disease
- Database).
-
- Wernicke Encephalopathy is a degenerative brain disorder characterized by
- a deficiency of thiamine. It is marked by loss of coordination (ataxia) and
- apathy, confusion, disorientation or delirium. Various vision dysfunctions
- may also develop. This disorder often occurs in conjunction with Korsakoff
- Syndrome which involves a Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency usually caused by
- alcoholism. Wernicke Encephalopathy can be severely disabling and life
- threatening if it is not recognized and treated early. (For more information
- on this disorder, choose "Korsakoff" as your search term in the Rare Disease
- Database).
-
- Batten Disease is a hereditary lipid storage disorder transmitted as a
- recessive trait. It is characterized by rapidly progressive vision failure
- (optic atrophy), deterioration of intellect, seizures, loss of muscular
- coordination (ataxia) and a backward lateral curvature of the spinal column
- (kyphoscoliosis). Occurring mostly in white families of Northern European
- Scandinavian ancestry, Batten Disease usually begins between five and seven
- years of age. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Batten" as
- your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Tay-Sachs Disease is a genetic disorder in children that causes the
- progressive destruction of the central nervous system. It is generally found
- among children of eastern European Jewish heritage. Infants with Tay-Sachs
- Disease appear normal at birth and seem to develop normally until the age of
- about six months. The first signs of the disease vary and become evident at
- different ages. These signs may include slowed development, loss of
- peripheral vision, abnormal startle response, progression of feeding
- difficulties, weakness, restlessness and cherry red spots on the retina. At
- the age of one year, recurrent convulsions, loss of previously learned skills
- and muscle coordination, blindness, mental retardation, flaccidity and/or
- paralysis may occur. This disorder is inherited as a recessive trait. (For
- more information on this disorder, choose "Tay-Sachs" as your search term in
- the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Alper's Disease is symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through April
- 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every
- entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please
- check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current
- information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Alper's Disease, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- Association for Neurometabolic Disorders
- 5223 Brookfield Lane
- Sylvania, OH 43506-1809
- (419) 885-1497
-
- Children's Brain Diseases Foundation for Research
- 350 Parnassus, Suite 900
- San Francisco, CA 94117
- (415) 566-5402
- (415) 565-6259
-
- NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5751
- (800) 352-9424
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 7th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. Pp. 818.
-
- PROGRESSIVE INFANTILE POLIODYSTROPHY (Alper's DISEASE) WITH A DEFECT IN
- CITRIC ACID CYCLE ACTIVITY IN LIVER AND FIBROBLASTS. M.J. Prick, et al.;
- Neuropediatrics (May, 1982, issue 13 (2)). Pp. 108-111.
-
- PROGRESSIVE NEURONAL DEGENERATION OF CHILDHOOD WITH LIVER DISEASE
- (Alper's DISEASE): CHARACTERISTIC NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES. S.G. Boyd, et
- al.; Neuropediatrics (May, 1986, issue 17(2)). Pp. 75-80.
-
- PROGRESSIVE POLIODYSTROPHY (Alper's DISEASE) WITH A DEFECT IN CYTOCHROME
- aa3 IN MUSCLE; A REPORT OF TWO UNRELATED PATIENTS. M.J. Prick, et al.; Clin
- Neurol Neurosurg (1983, issue 85 (1)). Pp. 57-70.
-
-