Transcription: The Persians, together with the Medes, nomadic tribes from the Caucasus, had settled into the northern territories of the Assyrian Empire by the 7th century BC. Cyrus the Great, who died in 529 BC, founded the Persian Achaemenid Empire by conquering Media and Lydia between 559 and 547 BC. He went on to take Babylon in 539 BC. His son, Cambyses, conquered Egypt in 525 BC. Darius I extended the empire east as far as the Indus River and Afghanistan and west to the threshold of Europe. The Persian Empire was divided into satrapies and messengers traveled among them quickly on a system of new roads ...