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ws_train.arc
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EX3.WS
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1986-09-15
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EXERCISE 3: CHANGING THE FORMAT OF A DOCUMENT
Wh∙ migh⌠ yo⌡ wan⌠ t∩ reforma⌠ al∞ o≥ par⌠ oµ ß document┐ ì
Perhap≤ yo⌡ havσ writteε ß singlσ spaceΣ essa∙ anΣ theε decidσ i⌠ ì
woulΣ looδ bette≥ doublσ spaced« O≥ maybσ yo⌡ writσ ß lette≥ ì
tha⌠ turn≤ ou⌠ t∩ bσ ß littlσ lonτ t∩ fi⌠ oε ß singlσ page« Iµ ì
yo⌡ coulΣ reforma⌠ thσ paragraph≤ witΦ thσ righ⌠ margiε ß littlσ ì
wider¼ i⌠ woulΣ fit« Or¼ afte≥ seeinτ ß cop∙ oµ you≥ document¼ ì
yo⌡ migh⌠ decidσ tha⌠ i⌠ woulΣ looδ bette≥ iµ thσ line≤ werσ ì
righ⌠ justifieΣ -- lineΣ u≡ evenl∙ oε thσ righ⌠ hanΣ edge¼ likσ ß ì
newspape≥ column« Maybσ yo⌡ wan⌠ t∩ inden⌠ ß quotation¼ anΣ neeΣ ì
temporaril∙ t∩ movσ thσ lef⌠ margiε in.
A≤ yo⌡ see¼ reformattinτ caε bσ handy« Iε aε earlie≥ ì
exercisσ wσ sa≈ anothe≥ casσ iε whicΦ i⌠ wa≤ necessar∙ t∩ ì
reforma⌠ ß paragraph¼ d∩ yo⌡ remembe≥ wha⌠ i⌠ was? (1⌐
REVIE╫ O╞ TH┼ REFORMAT-PARAGRAP╚ COMMAN─
Thσ ke∙ t∩ reformattinτ i≤ thσ reformat-paragrapΦ command¼ ì
Ctrl-b« Tr∙ i⌠ ou⌠ oε thσ followinτ messeΣ u≡ paragrapΦ b∙ ì
movinτ thσ curso≥ t∩ thσ beginninτ oµ thσ paragrapΦ anΣ hittinτ ì
Ctrl-b:
Thi≤ i≤ ß short¼ messeΣ ì
up paragraph« I⌠ migh⌠ havσ gotteε ì
tha⌠ wa∙ througΦ ß serie≤ oµ insert≤ anΣ deletes« Wheε thσ ì
wordinτ i≤ correct¼ ì
yo⌡ jus⌠ positioε thσ curso≥ a⌠ ì
thσ star⌠ oµ thσ paragrapΦ anΣ hi⌠ Ctrl-b.
DOUBLE SPACING
No≈ let'≤ tr∙ doublσ spacinτ ß paragraph« Wheε yo⌡ star⌠ ì
writing¼ line≤ arσ singlσ spaced« Iε othe≥ words¼ singlσ spacinτ ì
i≤ thσ defaul⌠ choice« T∩ changσ t∩ doublσ spacing¼ wσ usσ thσ ì
commanΣ Ctrl-o-s« Wheε yo⌡ hi⌠ Ctrl-o-s¼ thσ prograφ ask≤ yo⌡ ì
ho≈ man∙ space≤ yo⌡ woulΣ likσ betweeε lines« Fo≥ doublσ ì
spacing¼ ente≥ 2¼ fo≥ triplσ spacing¼ 3¼ etc« Ente≥ ß 2¼ theε ì
movσ thσ curso≥ t∩ thσ beginninτ oµ thi≤ paragraph¼ anΣ givσ thσ ì
reforma⌠ command¼ Ctrl-b.
A≤ yo⌡ see¼ thσ paragrapΦ i≤ reformatteΣ witΦ doublσ ì
spacing« Wha⌠ woulΣ happeε iµ yo⌡ reformatteΣ thi≤ paragrapΦ ì
now¼ woulΣ i⌠ bσ doublσ o≥ singlσ spaced? (2⌐ Tr∙ it«
Ho≈ caε yo⌡ turε thesσ doublσ spaceΣ paragraph≤ bacδ int∩ ì
single spaced paragraphs? (3) Try it.
Wha⌠ woulΣ happeε iµ yo⌡ begaε typinτ ne≈ materia∞ witΦ ì
double spacing activated? (4)
RIGHT JUSTIFICATION
Righ⌠ justificatioε i≤ anothe≥ formattinτ option« Thσ ìèdefaul⌠ modσ i≤ non-justifieΣ o≥ "ragged-right,ó wherσ word≤ arσ ì
spaceΣ normall∙ anΣ line≤ breaδ a⌠ thσ enΣ oµ thσ las⌠ word« T∩ ì
seσ wha⌠ justifieΣ tex⌠ look≤ like¼ givσ thσ justificatioε ì
commanΣ Ctrl-o-j« Froφ tha⌠ poin⌠ on¼ whateve≥ yo⌡ typσ wil∞ bσ ì
justifieΣ automatically¼ anΣ iµ yo⌡ reforma⌠ ß paragraph¼ i⌠ wil∞ ì
becomσ justified« Tr∙ i⌠ b∙ hittinτ Ctrl-o-Ω anΣ reformattinτ ì
thi≤ paragraph«
No≈ tha⌠ yo⌡ havσ seeε wha⌠ righ⌠ justifieΣ tex⌠ look≤ like¼ ì
ho≈ coulΣ yo⌡ changσ i⌠ bacδ t∩ raggeΣ right┐ T∩ d∩ that¼ yo⌡ ì
havσ t∩ turε justificati∩ off¼ b∙ givinτ anothe≥ Ctrl-o-Ω ì
command« Tr∙ it« Firs⌠ hi⌠ Ctrl-o-Ω theε movσ thσ curso≥ t∩ thσ ì
beginninτ oµ thσ paragrapΦ anΣ reforma⌠ it.
A≤ yo⌡ see¼ ever∙ timσ yo⌡ givσ thσ commanΣ Ctrl-o-j¼ thσ ì
systeφ change≤ state« Iµ i⌠ i≤ iε justificatioε mode¼ i⌠ ì
switche≤ t∩ raggeΣ right¼ anΣ vicσ versa« Wσ haΣ ß terφ fo≥ ì
command≤ that work like this. What was it? (5)
CHANGING THE LEFT MARGIN
Thσ curren⌠ margiε setting≤ arσ showε iε thσ "ruleró oε thσ ì
seconΣ linσ oµ thσ screen« Thσ defaul⌠ positioε fo≥ thσ lef⌠ ì
margiε i≤ columε 1¼ thσ lef⌠ edge¼ anΣ thσ defaul⌠ fo≥ thσ righ⌠ ì
margiε i≤ columε 65« Thσ commanΣ fo≥ changinτ thσ lef⌠ margiε i≤ ì
Ctrl-o-l« Wheε yo⌡ hi⌠ Ctrl-o-l yo⌡ wil∞ bσ askeΣ t∩ eithe≥ ì
ente≥ ß ne≈ columε numbe≥ o≥ t∩ hi⌠ thσ "Escó key«
Let'≤ tr∙ enterinτ ß columε numbe≥ first« Hi⌠ Ctrl-o-l anΣ ì
theε specif∙ 1░ fo≥ thσ ne≈ lef⌠ margiε (don'⌠ forge⌠ t∩ hi⌠ thσ ì
"Enteró ke∙ afte≥ yo⌡ typσ thσ "10")«
Looδ a⌠ thσ ruler« Thσ lef⌠ edgσ shoulΣ havσ moveΣ iε 1░ ì
spaces« No≈ tr∙ reformattinτ thi≤ paragraph« A≤ yo⌡ see¼ thσ ì
margiε ha≤ beeε changed« Wherσ woulΣ thσ margiε bσ iµ yo⌡ typeΣ ì
iε ß ne≈ paragrapΦ a⌠ thi≤ point? (6)
Can you move the margin back to column one? (7) Try it.
Byσ thσ way¼ wha⌠ happen≤ iµ yo⌡ hi⌠ thσ "Escó ke∙ wheε ì
askeΣ fo≥ ß columε number? (8) Tr∙ i⌠ out«
Functioε ke∙ FN│ i≤ ß shortcu⌠ commanΣ fo≥ settinτ thσ lef⌠ ì
margiε t∩ thσ curren⌠ curso≥ position« Tr∙ i⌠ ou⌠ anΣ yo⌡ wil∞ ì
see that it is equivalent to typing ctrl-o-l followed by "Esc."
CHANGING THE RIGHT MARGIN
Thσ commanΣ fo≥ changinτ thσ righ⌠ margiε i≤ Ctrl-o-≥ anΣ i⌠ ì
work≤ jus⌠ likσ thσ commanΣ fo≥ changinτ thσ lef⌠ margin« (FN┤ ì
i≤ thσ right-margin-equivalen⌠ oµ FN│ fo≥ thσ lef⌠ margin)« Tr∙ ì
changinτ thσ righ⌠ margiε froφ it≤ defaul⌠ oµ columε 6╡ to¼ say¼ ì
50« No≈ reforma⌠ thi≤ paragraph«
A≤ yo⌡ see¼ thσ righ⌠ margiε ma∙ bσ moveΣ a≤ simpl∙ a≤ thσ ìèleft« Caε yo⌡ reforma⌠ thσ previou≤ paragrapΦ s∩ tha⌠ thσ righ⌠ ì
margin is back to 65? (9) Try it.
I≤ therσ an∙ reasoε wh∙ yo⌡ coulΣ no⌠ changσ botΦ thσ lef⌠ ì
anΣ righ⌠ margins? (10⌐ Tr∙ settinτ thσ lef⌠ margiε a⌠ 1░ anΣ thσ ì
righ⌠ margiε a⌠ 5░ anΣ theε reforma⌠ thi≤ paragraph«
Wha⌠ happen≤ iµ yo⌡ makσ thσ righ⌠ margiε wider┐ Tr∙ ì
settinτ thσ righ⌠ margiε a⌠ 90« Wha⌠ happeneΣ t∩ thσ rule≥ a⌠ ì
thσ top? (11⌐ Tr∙ reformattinτ thi≤ paragraph¼ anΣ seσ wha⌠ ì
happens« Caε yo⌡ finΣ thσ "missingó text┐ (12)
Jus⌠ fo≥ thσ fuε oµ it¼ caε yo⌡ experimen⌠ t∩ finΣ ou⌠ wha⌠ ì
the largest allowable margin is? Will 500 work? Will 100? (13)
CENTERING LINES
Let'≤ looδ a⌠ onσ las⌠ hanΣ refromattinτ featurσ -- linσ ì
centering« A≤ yo⌡ ma∙ guess¼ linσ centerinτ i≤ hand∙ fo≥ title≤ ì
like the one at the very beginning of this document.
I⌠ i≤ ver∙ simplσ t∩ cente≥ ß line« Yo⌡ jus⌠ movσ thσ ì
curso≥ t∩ an∙ poin⌠ oε thσ line¼ anΣ hi⌠ Ctrl-o-c« That'≤ al∞ ì
therσ i≤ t∩ it« Tr∙ centerinτ thσ followinτ line:
PLEASE PUT ME IN THE MIDDLE OF THE PAGE
Simple¼ wasn'⌠ it┐ Iµ yo⌡ changσ you≥ minΣ afte≥ centerinτ ì
ß line¼ yo⌡ caε movσ i⌠ bacδ severa∞ ways« How┐ (14⌐ Tr∙ movinτ ì
thσ linσ yo⌡ jus⌠ centereΣ bacδ t∩ thσ lef⌠ margin.
RECAPPING
Wheneve≥ yo⌡ wan⌠ t∩ changσ thσ appearancσ o≥ sizσ oµ ß pagσ ì
withou⌠ changinτ thσ word≤ oε it¼ yo⌡ usσ reformattinτ command≤ ì
(a≤ opposeΣ t∩ insertioε anΣ deletion)« ╔ ofteε writσ draft≤ ì
singlσ spaced¼ theε prin⌠ thσ fina∞ cop∙ doublσ spaced« ì
Indentinτ b∙ temporaril∙ changinτ thσ margiε i≤ als∩ ver∙ handy¼ ì
a≤ yo⌡ seσ iε thσ followinτ lis⌠ oµ thσ command≤ wσ havσ covereΣ ì
iε thi≤ exercise:
Ctrl-b
ááááááááááCtrl-o-s
ááááááááááCtrl-o-j
ááááááááááCtrl-o-l (or FN3)
ááááááááááCtrl-o-r (or FN4)
ááááááááááCtrl-o-c