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1996-02-13
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Airbus A 320 - 200 D-AIPA "Bremerhaven". Version 2
--------------------------------------------------
Visual model by Peter Herrmann
Flight dynamics by Mike Vidal
--------------------------------------------------
Dear Flight-Simmer,
enclosed you find a model of Lufthansa's first Airbus A 320 D-AIPA
for FS5 and Flight-Shop together with a simple adventure file
modelling certain features of the A 320 Flight Management System
(FMS).
Necessary software:
-------------------
Microsoft FS 5.0a or FS 5.1
BAO Flight Shop
Installation:
-------------
Copy all a320lh.*af files into the ...\TEXTURE-directory
Copy a320lh.air into the ...\PILOTS-directory
Copy fmsa320.adv into the ...\ADV-directory
Start FS5
Select "A320 (Lufthansa)" in the "aircraft" menu
If you want to use the FMS, select "FMS A320" in the "adventure"
menu
Fly! But don't crash it! You are responsible for up to
150 people! :-)
Copyright:
----------
These files are copyright (c) 1996 by Peter Herrmann.
All rights reserved. No duplication or bundling of this
package for redistribution without prior written consent of
the author. No exceptions.
Distribution Waiver:
--------------------
I encourage you to post this file to your local BBS or Internet
Service Provider. (AOL, etc...)
However, the upload to Compuserve FSFORUM is strictly forbidden.
You may not add or subtract any files to this archive without the
written permission of the author.
About the plane:
----------------
The Airbus A 320 is together with its derivatives A 321 and A 319
Europe's most successful civil airliner after WWII (Nearly
1000 sales). The maiden flight was on February 22, 1987. The
Airbus A 320 is the first plane the primary flight controls of which
are contolled entirely electronically ("Fly by Wire"). Instead of a
steering control the pilot uses a flight-stick similar to your
joystick. Flying is supported by a highly sophisticated Flight
Management System (FMS). Parts of the A 320 are developed by
French Aerospatiale, British Aerospace, Belgian Belairbus,
Deutsche Airbus, and Spanish CASA. It is finally assembled in
Toulouse. The particular plane is D-AIPA "Bremerhaven", the first
of now 33 A 320 working hard in Lufthansa's European and Middle
East network. It was delivered to Lufthansa on October 16, 1989
and takes 144 passengers.
Some technical data (in Metric measures):
Engines: 2 CFM 56-5A1 (Maximal power per engine: 11 tons)
Square of the wing: 122.4 squaremeters
Wingspan: 33.91 m
Aspect ratio: 9.39
Length: 37.57 m
Height: 11.76 m
Empty weight: 36,600 kg
Max. payload: 17,750 kg
Fuel capacity: 23,950 litres
Cruising speed: 807 km / h
Take off speed: 259 km / h
Take off distance: 2190 m
Landing speed: 254 km / h
Landing distance: 1500 m
Range (max. payload): 5500 km
max. Cruising height: 11,900 m
If you are interested in this fascinating aircraft and can read
German, I recommend the book:
Karl Morgenstern, Dietmar Plath. Airbus A320/A321. Motorbuch Verlag
Stuttgart. ISBN 3-613-01360-6, 1990.
The most data for the development of the visual and flight model
as well as the data mentioned in this README are from this book.
I don't know if it is translated into English.
Flight model:
-------------
Mike Vidal developed a model that is as close as possible to the
flight characteristics of the real A320. It is fascinating
that he was that successful in reaching the specifications inspite
of the limits given by flight shop. As a modern fly by wire
aircraft the A320 flies docile and stable and can be landed
relatively easy. I hope you like it.
FMS-Adventure:
--------------
In reality, the A320 is mostly flown by the FMS. The pilots
enter the desired velocity, altitude, rate of climb/descent, and
heading to the FMS which controls the plane according to these
inputs. In flight simulation this is excellently modelled by
the 3DAGS addon for the ATP flight simulator by Simon Hradecky.
Unfortunately, 3DAGS cannot be used in FS5. One can, however,
simulate some features of the FMS by the autopilot of FS5. It
contains modes for keeping certain altitudes and headings. One can
edit a desired altitude and heading in the "Autopilot" menu and the
plane reaches and keeps these values. Since I was annoyed by the
necessity to switch to the "autopilot" menu and, thus, to interrupt
the simulation for entering new values, I made this small adventure.
It enables not only the selection of new headings and altitudes
while the autopilot works. One can also preselect values which
are assigned when the particular autopilot mode is switched on.
Following inputs are available:
"Ctrl 4" (on the keypad): Switch heading one degree to the left
"Ctrl Shift 4" (on the keypad): Switch heading ten degrees to the left
"Ctrl 6" (on the keypad): Switch heading one degree to the right
"Ctrl Shift 6" (on the keypad): Switch heading ten degrees to the right
"Ctrl 8" (on the keypad): Switch altitude one flight level up
"Ctrl Shift 8" (on the keypad): Switch altitude ten flight levels up
"Ctrl 2" (on the keypad): Switch altitude one flight level down
"Ctrl Shift 2" (on the keypad): Switch altitude ten flight levels down
(One flight level are 100 feet; fi. FL 240 = 24000 feet).
Other important inputs are:
"z" ("y" in German keyboard): Autopilot master switch
"Ctrl z" ("Ctrl y" in German keyboard): Altitude mode
"Ctrl h": Heading mode
Maximum available flight level is FL 400. The current selection is
display on the screen. Don't forget to take an initial selection
before switching the autopilot modi on. Otherwise the plane will
fly into direct north (360 degrees) and/or into the ground after
switching the particular modes on.
Acknowledgements:
-----------------
My gratitude is especially to Mike Vidal who invested much time in
developing the new flight model. His efforts gave the plane a
realistic flight model which, in my opinion, is very important for
enjoying it. Mike, keep on your good work and make all those fine
flight shop planes behave like the real thing! My further thanks are
to Robert Randazzo, the "William E. Boeing" of the Internet who
gave many useful hints in developing the visual model. Watching the
flight model of his 727 gave good impressions to the flight editor
of the first version. Furthermore, I took the copyright declaration
from him. Many thanks also to Roland Weigelt, who gave important hints
to certain features of Flight Shop Aircraft Factory. I am really happy
that many friendly people, fi. Eduardo Beeche and Robb Brown, are
working in new liveries of the A320 which will be available soon. Thank
you further to Craig Mosher, of whose 747 I took the texture "turb_3".
What was changed:
-----------------
New flight model by Mike Vidal.
"Single side-only" antenna error fixed.
Shining effects in the wing area fixed.
Coming next:
------------
Some flight simmers are working on colour schemes of Canadian Airlines,
Lacsa (Costa Rica), and Aero Lloyd (German Charter Carrier).
I plan to develop an A319 and A321 soon. If you like to make a colour
scheme, too, send me an email.
Comments and suggestions:
-------------------------
If you have any comments or suggestions, please feel free, to send
me an email:
herrmann@ls4.informatik.uni-dortmund.de
Regards,
Peter Herrmann
February 13, 1996