home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
-
-
- Computer underground Digest Sun Sep 19 1993 Volume 5 : Issue 73
- ISSN 1004-042X
-
- Editors: Jim Thomas and Gordon Meyer (TK0JUT2@NIU.BITNET)
- Archivist: Brendan Kehoe
- Shadow-Archivists: Dan Carosone / Paul Southworth
- Ralph Sims / Jyrki Kuoppala
- Ian Dickinson
- Cookie Editor: Etaoin Shrdlu, III
-
- CONTENTS, #5.73 (Sep 19 1993)
- File 1--U.S. Gov't Begins Attack on Moby Crypto
- File 2--Phil Zimmermann's Comments on the Moby Crypto Incident
- File 3--Crypto Witchhunt?
- File 4--PRESS RELEASE--Clinton Appoints Sci/Tech Czars (satire)
- File 5--Libertarian Responsibility of The Cyberpunk Movement (Reprint)
- File 6--CuNews
- File 7--Summary of Boys in front of Computers (Thesis)
- File 8--UPDATE #30-AB1624: Gov Has Until Oct.10th
- File 9--NETSYS.COM - Public Access availability
-
- Cu-Digest is a weekly electronic journal/newsletter. Subscriptions are
- available at no cost electronically from tk0jut2@mvs.cso.niu.edu. The
- editors may be contacted by voice (815-753-0303), fax (815-753-6302)
- or U.S. mail at: Jim Thomas, Department of Sociology, NIU, DeKalb, IL
- 60115.
-
- Issues of CuD can also be found in the Usenet comp.society.cu-digest
- news group; on CompuServe in DL0 and DL4 of the IBMBBS SIG, DL1 of
- LAWSIG, and DL1 of TELECOM; on GEnie in the PF*NPC RT
- libraries and in the VIRUS/SECURITY library; from America Online in
- the PC Telecom forum under "computing newsletters;"
- On Delphi in the General Discussion database of the Internet SIG;
- on the PC-EXEC BBS at (414) 789-4210; and on: Rune Stone BBS (IIRG
- WHQ) (203) 832-8441 NUP:Conspiracy; RIPCO BBS (312) 528-5020
- CuD is also available via Fidonet File Request from 1:11/70; unlisted
- nodes and points welcome.
- EUROPE: from the ComNet in LUXEMBOURG BBS (++352) 466893;
- In ITALY: Bits against the Empire BBS: +39-461-980493
-
- ANONYMOUS FTP SITES:
- UNITED STATES:
- halcyon.com( 202.135.191.2) in /pub/mirror/cud
- aql.gatech.edu (128.61.10.53) in /pub/eff/cud
- ftp.eff.org (192.88.144.4) in /pub/cud
- etext.archive.umich.edu (141.211.164.18) in /pub/CuD/cud
- AUSTRALIA: ftp.ee.mu.oz.au (128.250.77.2) in /pub/text/CuD.
- EUROPE: nic.funet.fi in pub/doc/cud. (Finland)
- ftp.warwick.ac.uk in pub/cud (United Kingdom)
-
- COMPUTER UNDERGROUND DIGEST is an open forum dedicated to sharing
- information among computerists and to the presentation and debate of
- diverse views. CuD material may be reprinted for non-profit as long
- as the source is cited. Authors hold a presumptive copyright, and
- they should be contacted for reprint permission. It is assumed that
- non-personal mail to the moderators may be reprinted unless otherwise
- specified. Readers are encouraged to submit reasoned articles
- relating to computer culture and communication. Articles are
- preferred to short responses. Please avoid quoting previous posts
- unless absolutely necessary.
-
- DISCLAIMER: The views represented herein do not necessarily represent
- the views of the moderators. Digest contributors assume all
- responsibility for ensuring that articles submitted do not
- violate copyright protections.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Date: Sun, 19 Sep 1993 21:15:22 CDT
- From: CuD Moderators <cudigest@mindvox.phantom.com>
- Subject: File 1--U.S. Gov't Begins Attack on Moby Crypto
-
- ((MODERATORS' NOTE: The following posts on the U.S. Customs Service
- subpoena directed against Grady Ward and others came from a variety of
- sources. We pulled together the three that seemed to best summarize
- events of the past few days. In editing them, we can't reconstruct
- where they all came from, but most appeared on Usenet in the past few
- days. The following was distributed on Usenet by Grady Ward)).
-
- ++++++++++
-
- Subpoena served on Austin Code Works for
- material related to Moby Crypto.
-
- At 10:30 PM EDT Thursday, 16 Sept 1993 Theodore R. Siggins, special
- agent for the Department of Treasury, U.S. Customs Service office of
- enforcement for Austin, TX (512) 482-5502 served the following
- subpoena:
-
- United States District Court
- Northern District of California
-
- TO:
-
- Custodian of Records
- Austin Code Works
- 11100 Leafwood Lane
- Austin, TX
- (512) 258-0785
-
- SUBPOENA TO TESTIFY BEFORE GRAND JURY
- documents of object(s)
-
- PLACE
-
- U.S. Courthouse & Federal Building
- 280 South First Street
- San Jose, CA 95113
-
- Grand Jury Room 2115
- September 22, 1993 9:00 AM
-
- YOU ARE ALSO COMMANDED to bring with you
-
- Any and all correspondence, contracts, payments, and record,
- including those stored as computer data, relating to the
- international distribution of the commercial product "Moby
- Crypto" and any other commercial product related to PGP and RSA
- Source Code for the time period June 1, 1991 to the present.
-
- CLERK
-
- RICHARD W. WIERKING
- by deputy clerk (illegible)
-
- This subpoena is issued on application of the United States of America
- Michael J. Yamaguchi
- United States Attorney
-
- Assistant U.S. Attorney
- William P. Keane
- 280 S. First St., Suite 371
- San Jose, CA 95113
- (408) 291-7221
- s/a Robin Sterzer, Customs
- 93-1348(SJ) 93-1(SJ)
-
- 9 September 1993
-
- served by
-
- Theodore R. Siggins
- special agent
- Department of Treasury
- U.S. Customs Service
- Office of Enforcement
- P.O. Box 99
- Austin, TX 78767
-
- (FTS) 770-5502
- (512) 482-5502
-
- +-------------------------- BACKGROUND ----------------------------
-
- The day before yesterday I faxed the following to the NSA:
-
- Grady Ward
- 3449 Martha Ct.
- Arcata, CA 95521
- (707) 826-7715
- grady@netcom.com
-
- Charlotte Knepper
- National Security Agency
- 301 688 7834
- FAX 301 688 8183
-
- Sep 93
-
-
- Re: Moby Crypto and the Austin Code Works
-
- Recently you phoned Maria Guthery at the Austin Code Works
- (512-258-0785) to voice your concern about the publication for export
- of my product 'Moby Crypto'.
-
- As the editor and author of the compilation I made sure not to include
- any executable code -- only the algorithmic description in C source
- code that can be found (and exported) from scores of books and
- journals from the US distributed throughout the world.
-
- I believe that this material qualifies for the 'public domain'
- technical documentation exception under the current DTR rules. It
- seems to me that proscribing the publication of material because it is
- conveyed on a magnetic media rather than paper pulp is an NSA
- initiative that is both destructive to our basic freedom of expression
- and to the trade renaissance that Vice President Al Gore and the
- Clinton Administration are trying to foster.
-
- Even the Supreme Court recognizes the role of the computer media in
- protecting our freedom; beginning this 1993 calendar year all
- decisions will be provided in electronic form. Further, as you may
- know, it was recently decided that White House records in electronic
- form must be protected as a permanent archive of our government.
- Clearly, magnetic media must be treated as a logical extension of the
- power and fundamental right of the print media.
-
- Please phone, fax, e-mail or post your ideas or any literature to me
- that you think useful if I have misapprehended the situation.
-
- Of course if you wish I will send you a gratis copy of the software
- (about nine megabytes of sources for DES, RSA, IDEA, Lucifer, PGP,
- SHA, and so on) for your advice and comments.
-
- Very truly yours,
-
-
- GRADY WARD
-
-
- +-------------------- WHAT YOU SHOULD DO ---------------------
-
- NSA and the US Treasury has started a new, aggressive campaign to
- prevent the spread of cryptographic ideas, algorithms, sources, and
- documentation. The subpoena was served on the ACW in the night
- because they MIGHT have sold a copy of source code, already available
- worldwide, to a foreign national.
-
- If you value the freedom to disseminate ideas on both paper and
- magnetic and electronic media, you should immediately preserve your
- right to have such knowledge by obtaining a copy of the source to
- Pretty Good Privacy and all other cryptographic materials before a
- possible complete blackout of such material is attempted by the US
- authorities.
-
- It is not yet against the law to possess source code to PGP, the
- world's foremost encryption application in the United States. Source
- is available for a variety of platforms including MS-DOS, Unix, and
- Macintosh from the following sites:
-
- soda.berkeley.edu
- ghost.dsi.unimi.it
- nic.funet.fi
- ota.ox.ac.uk
- van-bc.wimsey.bc.ca
-
- and many other sites
-
- For more information about PGP,
- send a blank mail message to:
- pgpinfo@mantis.co.uk
-
- --
- Grady Ward grady@netcom.com
- 3449 Martha Ct. compiler of Moby lexicons
- Arcata, CA 95521-4884 e-mail or finger grady@netcom.com
- (707) 826-7715 (voice/24hr FAX) for more information
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Sun, 19 Sep 1993 22:29:54 CDT
- From: CuD Moderators <cudigest@mindvox.phantom.com>
- Subject: File 2--Phil Zimmermann's Comments on the Moby Crypto Incident
-
- On Tuesday, 14 September 93, Leonard Mikus, president of ViaCrypt,
- also known as LEMCOM Systems, in Phoenix, Arizona, was served a
- Subpoena to Testify Before Grand Jury, to produce documents. The
- subpoena was issued by the US District Court of Northern California,
- by Assistant US Attorney William P. Keane in San Jose, as part of an
- investigation from the San Jose office of US Customs, conducted by
- Special Agent Robin Sterzer. The US Attorney above Keane is Michael
- J. Yamaguchi.
-
- ViaCrypt is the company that will be selling a fully licensed
- commercial version of PGP, starting in November. ViaCrypt has a
- license from PKP to sell products that embody the patents held by PKP.
- That includes PGP, using the RSA algorithm.
-
- The subpoena, dated 9 September, orders the production of "Any and all
- correspondence, contracts, payments, and records, including those
- stored as computer data, involving international distribution related
- to ViaCrypt, PGP, Philip Zimmermann, and anyone or any entity acting
- on behalf of Philip Zimmermann for the time period June 1, 1991 to the
- present." The date specified for the production of documents is 22
- September 93.
-
- The written agreement between ViaCrypt and myself explicitly states
- that US State Department cryptographic export controls will be adhered
- to.
-
- The implications of this turn of events are that this US Customs
- investigation has escalated to the level of a Federal Grand Jury and a
- US Attorney. US Customs says that this change was precipitated by a
- ruling recently handed down from the State Department that PGP is not
- exportable. Other subpoenas and/or search warrants are expected.
-
- I am the principal target of the investigation. I have advised EFF,
- CPSR, and my other attorneys of the situation. A legal defense fund
- will be set up by my lead attorney (Phil Dubois, 303 444-3885) here in
- Boulder.
-
- This case raises some serious public policy questions regarding First
- Amendment rights to publish, rights to privacy as affected by
- widespread availability of cryptographic technology, the equivalence
- of electronic publication with paper publication, the availability of
- lawful domestic cryptographic technology in the face of export
- controls, and certain other Constitutional rights. This may turn into
- the test case for these issues.
-
- Philip Zimmermann
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Fri, 17 Sep 1993 11:21:17 -0700
- From: ssteele@eff.org (Shari Steele)
- Subject: File 3--Crypto Witchhunt?
-
- To the 'net community:
-
- EFF is very concerned about the Customs Department-initiated grand
- jury investigation into encryption export violations. Two U.S.
- companies have been subpoenaed to produce documents related to the
- "international distribution" of commercial products utilizing PGP and
- RSA source code. Neither of these companies are engaged in the
- international distribution of any illegal materials. EFF is working
- with the concerned parties and is trying to find out the scope of the
- grand jury investigation. Unfortunately for us in this case, grand
- jury investigations are secret, so learning the scope is proving to be
- quite difficult.
-
- What we do know is this:
-
- Austin Code Works, a software publisher in Austin, Texas (heavy sigh),
- has been planning to publish a code document written by Grady Ward
- called Moby Crypto. Grady describes Moby Crypto as simply containing
- descriptive source code, not executable object code, describing many
- cryptographic routines that are freely available around the world.
- Most of this material has been released in print form already. The
- important distinction seems to be that Moby Crypto will be released in
- machine-readable format. Austin Code Works has told Customs Agents
- that it does not intend to release Moby Crypto outside of the U.S.,
- yet the company has been subpoenaed to release all documents related
- to this product. (Incidently, if Moby Crypto contains no executable
- code, it should be exportable under ITAR, just as textbooks containing
- such materials are exportable.)
-
- ViaCrypt, a Phoenix, Arizona,-based (heavy sigh again -- man, does
- this ring familiar) software producer that has a license to sell
- software products that use the RSA algorithm, was issued a similar
- subpoena. ViaCrypt has recently contracted with Phil Zimmermann,
- creator of the PGP encryption code, to sell a commercial version of
- PGP. ViaCrypt only distributes its products containing the RSA
- algorithm within the United States, since RSA is not exportable under
- ITAR.
-
- EFF has been in touch with Phil Zimmermann and his attorney, Grady
- Ward, and the owner of Austin Code Works. We have advised everyone
- that there is nothing to hide and that they should abide by the
- subpoenas and produce the documents requested. We will not know what
- the appropriate response should be until the grand jury makes its
- determinations. In the meantime, we want everyone to know that EFF is
- committed to ensuring that the right to use and publish whatever
- encryption method an individual chooses to use is protected. Jerry
- Berman, EFF's Executive Director, issued the following internal
- message this morning:
-
- >I've assured Phil that he is not alone, and I have talked with his attorney.
- >If Phil is charged with export control violations based on making PGP
- >available in the US on a non-commercial basis and it happens to get
- >published or copied overseas, First Amendment issues indeed may be joined.
- >As of now, ViaCrypt has done no "exporting" and does not intend to. I have
- >the subpoena.
-
- Indeed, EFF has copies of both subpoenas. We will continue to keep
- you informed of what's going on as we learn the facts. EFF is deeply
- concerned, and we want Phil and everyone else involved to know that
- they are not alone. As soon as it becomes clear what specifically is
- being investigated, EFF will respond.
- Shari
- ******************************************************************************
-
- Shari Steele
- Director of Legal Services
- Electronic Frontier Foundation
- 1001 G Street, NW
- Suite 950 East
- Washington, DC 20001
- 202/347-5400 (voice), 202/393-5509 (fax)
- ssteele@eff.org
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: 09 Sep 93 21:28:41 EDT
- From: Urnst Kouch <70743.1711@COMPUSERVE.COM>
- Subject: File 4--PRESS RELEASE--Clinton Appoints Sci/Tech Czars (satire)
-
- (MODERATORS' NOTE: Urnst Kouch is editor of the Crypt Newsletter, an
- E-'Zine specializing in techno-political commentary, computer virus
- information, and occasional satire)).
-
- +++
-
- >>The press release from Hell:
-
- President Bill Clinton announced in late August that he would move
- quickly to set up a new department, to be headed by newly appointed
- science and technology czars Steven Spielberg and Michael Crichton.
-
- "In this new age of information overload," said Clinton in a radio
- address, "the United States can no longer entrust its technological
- edge to scientists and engineers, alone. For this reason, I am
- appointing Steven Spielberg and Michael Crichton as heads of a
- superagency empowered to do whatever it takes to keep the United
- States an inter-national leader in semi-conductors, biotechnology,
- multimedia, publishing, the war on drugs, cold fusion, smart nuclear
- weapons, spy satellites, the war on AIDS, dinosaur revivification,
- protein sequencing, information superhighway development, virtual
- reality gaming and pornographic cybersystems, and all sundry
- grandiloquent, meaningless entertainments."
-
- The superagency, to be called the Department Of Ground-breaking
- Science, High-technology & Intellectual Twaddle (DOGSHIT) will
- revolutionize the scientific process, replacing the obsolete and
- stupid approval of new ideas by careful peer review, with a leaner and
- meaner more cost effective approach, claim Clinton administration
- officials.
-
- According to Crichton's information minister, Michael Eisner, the
- author and Speilberg would meet for weekly barnstorming sessions in
- which they would comb through current abstracts in SCIENCE and NATURE
- as well as breaking developments in OMNI, POPULAR SCIENCE, SPIN,
- COMPUTER SHOPPER and INFOWORLD.
-
- "Michael and Steven will sift the wheat from the chaff every week,"
- said Eisner. "Active researchers are also invited to send electronic
- press releases describing their current work to DOGSHIT's Internet
- addresses. These contributions will also be included in the gleaning
- process." DOGSHIT's Internet portals, said Eisner, are:
- dshit@hollywood.edu; and dshit@bevhills.gov.
-
- Ideas, information and data deemed worthy of continued serious study
- will be prepared by Crichton into "action memos." "Action memos" can
- go any of four ways: into book projects, teleplays, merchandising or
- to Speilberg's nationalized conglomerate, AMBLIN/Industrial Light and
- Magic for immediate world wide implementation.
-
- "In this manner," said Eisner, "the latest in scientific development
- can be fielded with maximum benefit to the American citizen without
- compromising the integrity of the scientific method. For too long,
- American minds have been the laughingstock of the industrialized
- nations; archetyped as scrawny and weak pencil-necked geeks incapable
- of punching their way out of virtual wet paper bags. Now, from birth
- until death, every American citizen's life will become part of a
- continuing educational process. Walk into any mall and cardboard
- standees bearing government approved DOGSHIT books will educate the
- learning citizen, no matter his or her age, race or color. Television
- advertisements and shows will convey all manner of DOGSHIT
- technological developments, 24 hours a day. Newspapers will carry as
- much DOGSHIT science and technology as willing, and will receive
- government subsidies approved by the agency, for doing so. It will be
- _the_ paradigm for intellectual excellence in the 21st century and in
- its multi-media/multi-pronged strength-through-joy approach, Americans
- will use it to conquer the stars and make this a land where, truly,
- the sun never sets."
-
- According to President Clinton, Crichton and Spielberg were chosen for
- their continuing advancement in all areas of key technologies;
- Crichton for know-how in technology transfer issues, molecular
- genetics, epidemiology, cybernetic behavior modification and making
- difficult scientific concepts understandable to cabbage; Spielberg for
- his work in supercomputers, optics, IR/visible spectroscopy, high
- energy physics, SETI and time travel.
-
- Crichton and Spielberg were unavailable for comment but a Japanese
- man-in-the-street from the home island of Honshu, when informed of the
- US's new plan for technological dominance, screamed and said before
- collapsing, "We're fucked!"
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Tue, 14 Sep 1993 18:32:22 EDT
- From: Cu Digest Moderators <cudigest@mindvox.phantom.com>
- Subject: File 5--Libertarian Responsibility of The Cyberpunk Movement (Reprint)
-
- ((MODERATORS' NOTE: The following is reprinted from the IIRG's
- Newsletter _Phantasy_, #18. IIRG's homebase is the Runestone BBS
- and can be contacted at rune@world.std.com))
-
- ++++++
-
- The Libertarian Responsibility of The Cyberpunk Movement
- By Thomas Icom/Cybertek/IIRG
-
- With the moves that various government powers have been taking to
- institute a totalitarian form of government in this country, it has
- now become the responsibility of the Cyberpunk movement to take such
- measures as to prevent these actions from occurring and reverse what
- damage has already occurred. When one takes into account the various
- factors involved in reclaiming a democratic state from totalitarian
- rule, it will be found that the Cyberpunk movement is the best
- equipped to handle the task. The movement has the necessary political
- attitudes, equipment, and knowledge to prevent further government
- progress into totalitarian rule and reverse the steps that have
- already been taken by various government entities towards that
- direction. The Cyberpunk movement also has a personal stake in the
- prevention of totalitarian rule; which has an equal footing with
- altruism. It is for these reasons that the movement should be at the
- forefront of "The Second American Revolution", and contribute their
- knowledge and attitudes to its success, and the restoration of a
- libertarian form of government to the United States of America.
-
- The Cyberpunk movement has always had the libertarian attitude of
- "The government which governs best, governs least.", and "Technology
- belongs in the hands of the people". These attitudes follow in the
- footsteps of the country's founding fathers. The lack of such an
- attitude by those in power has been a major factor in the totalitarian
- slides this country has been experiencing. The Cyberpunk movement has
- also stayed away from the forefront of politics; preferring to stay in
- the background, let others "run" things, and act as "watchers";
- keeping vigilant for lapses in judgement by the ruling powers. This
- attitude is precisely what is needed for those who will be at the
- forefront of The Second American Revolution, for once the initial job
- is done, "disinterested" parties will be needed to ensure the mistakes
- of the past are not repeated. The existence of well-equipped
- Cyberpunk "Watchers" will act as a future deterrent to those wishing
- to revert back to totalitarian ways.
-
- The Cyberpunk movement has always given a high priority to
- acquiring knowledge in many different technological and other fields.
- They have also been adamant about implementing the mass-distribution
- of such information. These two factors alone are qualifiers for any
- group conducting low intensity conflict towards the institution of a
- libertarian form of government. In addition, the Cyberpunk movement
- stresses practical "hands-on" applications of the knowledge they
- collect and disseminate. This is another factor that makes the
- movement well suited for the task at hand.
-
- Since the Cyberpunk movement has the proper attitudes and
- knowledge available to it, they are well suited for the task of
- ensuring the United States regains and maintains a libertarian form of
- government. Just as the founding fathers had a responsibility to
- create the United States, the freest country in the world; it is now
- the responsibility of the Cyberpunk movement to restore the freedom
- that this once great country lost, and to take on the responsibility
- towards the operational aspects of The Second American Revolution and
- the re-establishment of a libertarian form of government in this
- country. There is, however, an even more important and pressing
- reason as to why the movement should act.
-
- Throughout history, even in benign and democratic governments,
- there has been prejudice towards individuals and groups who have the
- capability of self-sufficiency. Such groups have been persecuted
- severely, with their members often facing death. This has occurred
- even if such groups have had no political leanings whatsoever. They
- were simply viewed as a threat to the powers that be, and dealt with.
- By taking a look around, any astute observer will be able to see this
- beginning to happen with the Cyberpunk movement. In this instance, we
- have the greatest responsibility of all, the responsibility to
- ourselves to ensure our survival.
-
- One must remember that our responsibility to the revolution does
- not imply we should organize any more than we already have. In fact,
- our activities should be kept to small groups, and be as disorganized
- overall as possible, as to better stay hidden and difficult to track
- down. Twenty small groups operating on their own will be harder to
- track down than one large group. If everyone just simply does there
- part, there will be no problem winning this one. Our shadowy
- existence and characteristic of being "everywhere and nowhere" will
- also act as a deterrent to keep the future government leaders from
- acting as stupid as the ones we presently have in existence.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- From: grmeyer@GENIE.GEIS.COM
- Date: Sat, 18 Sep 93 04:28:00 BST
- Subject: File 6--CuNews
-
- Auto Rentals and Poor Drivers
- =============================
- More and more automobile rental companies are embracing "DriverCheck", a
- database marketed by TML Information Services, Inc of Forest Hills, NY.
- DriverCheck allows companies such as Hertz, National, Thrifty, Dollar,
- and Enterprise (Alamo is currently testing the system) to check state
- drivers licence data before renting a car to a potential customer. If
- a driver has too many tickets, they may be stranded without being able
- to rent a car. The system is similar to the one used by insurance companies
- when issuing automobile policies.
- (Information Week. Sept 13, 1993 pg15)
-
- Health Care Fraud Database
- ==========================
- US Representatives Stark (D-California), Schumer (D-NY), and Senator
- Cohen (R-Maine) have drafted legislation to create a national database
- of people guilty of health care fraud.
- (ComputerWorld Sept. 13, 1993 pg14)
-
- Cyberspace is a Goldmine for Ethnographers
- ==========================================
- Robert Wright, in an article in the Sept 13th (pg 20) issue of The New
- Republic, suggests that the Internet is a boon for anthropologists. It
- presents a fascinating opportunity for observation and study of groups and
- behavior. [As the CuD moderators have been saying since 1986.]
- (Information Week. Sept 13, 1993. pg54)
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Tue, 14 Sep 93 9:36:49 MET DST
- From: Jorgen Nissen <JorNi@TEMA.LIU.SE>
- Subject: File 7--Summary of Boys in front of Computers (Thesis)
-
- ((MODERATORS' NOTE: The following thesis abstract describes Jorgen
- Nissen's project. A longer version can be found in the CuD ftp
- archives in /pub/cud/papers))
-
- Abstract
-
- Boys in front of Computers
- Young Enthusiasts in the World of Computer Technology
-
- Link|ping Studies in Arts and Science No. 89
- Pojkarna vid datorn
- Unga entusiaster i datateknikens v{rld
- J|rgen Nissen
-
- The aim of this study is to describe and to search for an
- understanding of Swedish computer captivated youth. This group is
- generally known as hackers, often connoting queer loners and/or
- persons indulging in illegal activities. This picture is shown not to
- be a good representation of the Swedish counterpart. Several methods
- have been employed; participatory observation, interviews,
- questionnaires, analyses of the content of computer-mediated
- communication and of computer magazines.
-
- In the first part of the thesis theoretical concepts are discussed
- such as developmental task, culture (sub-, counterculture) and
- modernity. The concept microworld is launched as a research tool. The
- microworld includes the activities generated around the computer as
- well as the actors.
-
- In the second part the content of the microworld is analysed. Almost
- without exceptions, the inhabitants are boys and men. One chapter
- addresses the history of computer interest, and three themes are
- elaborated; a tendency towards political alternativism, illegal
- activities and the existence of a hacker-ethic. Formal associations
- and informal groups are described. The content of a so called BBS, a
- computerized notice-board, was found to be ordinary. The magazines
- nourish dreams about making a fortune as a professional computer game
- programmer.
-
- The third part focuses on the inhabitants of the microworld. Three
- different groups are identified and presented through comprehensible
- portraits. The groups can be distinguished by means of several
- criteria of which two are decisive: Does the boy earn money regularly
- or not on his skill? Is he or is he not well integrated into the
- microworld? A questionnaire survey shows that the group of severely
- computer captivated boys in Sweden is quite small.
-
- In the final part the microworld is discussed as being partly a
- counterculture. The computer skills provide ways for the boys to
- enter into adult life. The microworld also encompasses an informal
- educational system. Important driving forces behind the boys intense
- interest in computers is gaining social benefits and a sense of
- belonging to a wider social context.
-
- Index terms: computer-mediated communication, computer interest,
- counterculture, crackers, developmental task, hackers, microworld,
- modernity, subculture, Sweden, youth.
-
- ISBN 91-7139-128-2 ISSN 0282-9800
-
- Institute of Tema Research Department of Technology and Social Change
- Link|ping University, S-581 83 Link|ping, Sweden
- Link|ping 1993
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Fri, 17 Sep 1993 21:00:53 -0700
- From: Jim Warren <jwarren@WELL.SF.CA.US>
- Subject: File 8--UPDATE #30-AB1624: Gov Has Until Oct.10th
-
- Sep. 17, 1993
-
- GOV. WILSON'S PRESS OFFICE: NO WORD ON AB1624 AS OF SEP.17th P.M.
-
- I called the Gov's pressoids this afternoon. They said the bill
- probably wasn't even in the Governor's offices yet, and estimated that
- his action on it - if any - might not come for several weeks.
-
- GRRR! CORRECT STAFF CORRECTED THE CORRECTION OF THE CORRECT DEADLINE
-
- First I was told that Gov. Wilson had until Oct. 10th to sign, veto
- or ignore AB1624 (ignoring it equals signing it; California has a
- "pocket signature" as opposed to a "pocket veto"). I tol' ya so.
-
- Then legislative staff researched it more and - the day after the bill
- passed the told me that Wilson only had 12 days from that event, since
- it was the first year of a two-year legislative session. I tol' ya
- so.
-
- Now, they have researched it further - sez they:
-
- If the bill had passed the legislative more than 12 days before the
- end of the legislative session (Sep. 10), then the Gov would only have
- had twelve days.
-
- However, AB1624 passed on Sep. 8th, only two days before the session
- ended. Therefore -- yes! -- the Governor *does* have until Oct. 10th
- to diddle de bill.
-
- See? I tol' ya so.
-
- IF YOU HAVEN'T YET CALLED OR WRITTEN SUPPORTING AB1624, PLEASE DO -
- SOON!
-
- Covert opposition to AB1624 can prompt Wilson to veto the bill unless
- he knows that, "The whole world is watching." Well, more or less.
- :-)
- Gov. Pete Wilson, State Capitol, Sacramento CA 95814
-
- voice/916-445-2841; fax/916-445-4633
-
- BOWEN'S LEGISLATIVE AIDE: AB1624 GOT ITS SUPPORT FROM ONLINE ACTION
-
- Mary Winkley, the [underpaid!] workaholic aide to AB1624-author Debra
- Bowen, has reiterated that our online-organized efforts and saturation
- actions just before crucial votes were what kept the bill alive and
- pushed it through the legislature. NEAT!
-
- I am hoping to get contact-info for the 70+ organizations now
- supporting the bill. I am *nost* interested in researching what
- impacts net-action had on this legislative effort.
-
- And - of course! - I'll write up the findings for all to see.
-
- OVER 70 ORGANIZATIONS AND 1,200 INDIVIDUALS NOW FORMALLY SUPPORT
- AB1624
-
- Winkley reported that there are now 74 organizations who have filed
- formal notices with Bowen's office supporting AB1624. Just a sample:
- Academic Senate of the California State University System
- American Association of Law Libraries
- American Association of University Women
- American Foundation for the Blind
- California Common Cause
- California Congress of Parents, Teachers and Students
- California Council of the Blind
- California Environmental Associates
- California Newspaper Publishers Association
- California Public Interest Research Group (CalPIRG)
- California Rural Legal Assistance Foundation\
- Council of California County Law Libraries [county-funded]
- Friends of the River
- The Fund for Animals
- HIV/AIDS Information Bulletin Board System
- Housing California
- Independent Owner/Operators Bookkeeping Association
- League of Women Voters of California
- Los Angeles Women's Legislative Coalition
- Northern California Association of Law Libraries
- Palo Alto Working Group on Civil Liberties
- Serenity Guest House
- Sierra Club
- Solano County Taxpayers' Association
- South Bay Association of Chambers of Commerce
- Tiburon Fire Protection District
- University of California
- University of Southern California
- Western Center on Law and Poverty
- Westside Center for Independent Living
- World Institute on Disabilities
- and the cities of Berkeley, Los Altos and Sonoma,
- and counties of Del Norte, Glenn and Santa Cruz,
- plus the Computer Software Industry Association, Computer Professionals
- for Social Responsibility - Berkeley Chapter, Electronic Frontier
- Foundation, Government Technology Magazine,
- and of course Apple, Autodesk, Internex, People's Computer Company,
- Snyder Research, Sunnyside Computing, SunWorld Magazine, Wired Magazine,
- etc.
-
- [I was told there was also a significant statewide push by the
- Perotoids that generated a flood of several hundred cards and letters
- supporting the bill - that show up in a list of 1200+ individual
- supporters.]
-
- And - yes! - Gov. Wilson *can* ignore these supporters and veto
- AB1624, unless he and his staff are made aware that all of us really
- *are* interested - and watching for his decision. Something like that
- happened last year with an effort to reform the state's open-meetings
- law.
-
- *SOMEDAY* I *WILL* CATCH UP ON WEEKS OF BACKED-UP EMAIL
- Honest. I will. I will. [I need a "smiley" representing "Blush!"]
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Sat, 18 Sep 1993 21:00:38 -0700
- From: Earle Ady <eady@ZEUS.COSMOS.GMU.EDU>
- Subject: File 9--NETSYS.COM - Public Access availability
-
- ((MODERATORS' NOTE: One of the FAQs we receive is: "I don't have
- Internet access. Can you tell me how I can get it?"
-
- If you cannot obtain access through your employer or local
- school/university, then the best way is to obtain an account on a
- public access system. While systems such as Compuserv, GEnie, or
- Prodigy are among the most popular, they do not provide the same
- services as systems such as The Well, Mindvox, Netcom, and others. We
- try to identify new entries that have promise. Some users find
- multiple subscriptions helpful. While this may seem expensive, systems
- have different personalities, specialize in particular files or
- services, and off unique features not found on others. Although some
- systems may be in competition with others, in general, the more
- quality systems there are, then the more the cyberculture grows. As
- the culture grows, the systems flourish. BOARDWATCH Magazine runs
- stories and advertisements on BBS-type systems, and remains an
- excellent source of information for systems-shoppers. Some systems,
- such as The Well and Mindvox, have become so well known that they need
- little advertising.
-
- One impressive new entry is netsys.com (telnet netsys.com). Services
- include full Internet access, including IRC, ftp capability,
- reasonable rates, and other features. We briefly described it in a
- past CuD issue, and asked for additional information. The following
- answers most basic questions about netsys.com))
-
- +++
-
- NETSYS COMMUNICATION SERVICES Palo Alto, California
-
- Netsys is a network of large Sun servers dedicated to providing
- Internet access to individuals and corporations that need solid,
- reliable Internet connectivity.
-
- An account on Netsys will provide members with :
-
- Electronic Mail: to/from the Internet and gatewayed networks.
- (including BITNET, MILNET, and even Compuserve).
-
- Usenet: The worldwide networked message system that generates
- roughly 40-50 megabytes of information daily.
-
- Telnet: The capability to login to any remote host in any part
- of the world.
-
- Ftp: The ability to send and receive documents/programs/data
- to/from any site in the world.
-
- Misc: Archie,Gopher, Internet Relay Chat, and WAIS search tools.
-
- Support: 24 hour emergency response service.
-
- Dialups: Palo Alto area, High Speed (V.32 and PEP)
-
- Private Accounts: $20 monthly ( with file storage capacity of 5 megabytes)
-
- $1 per megabyte per month over 5 megabytes.
-
- Commercial Accounts: $40 monthly (file storage capacity of 10 megabytes)
- $1 per megabyte per month over 10 megabytes.
-
- Newsfeeds: We offer both nntp and uucp based newsfeeds , with all domestic
- newsgroups,and including all foreign newsgroups.
-
- SPECIAL FEATURES THAT NO ONE ELSE CAN PROVIDE
-
- Satellite Weather: Netsys has available real time satellite weather
- imagery. Images are available in gif, or Sun raster
- format. Contact us for NFS mirroring, and other special
- arrangement. These images are directly downlinked from
- the GOES bird. Contact Steve Eigsti (steve@netsys.com)
-
- Satellite Usenet: Netsys is offering Pagesat's satellite newsfeed service
-
- for large volume news distribution. Members of Netsys
- can obtain substantial discounts for the purchase and
- service costs of this revolutionary method of Usenet news
- distribution.Both Unix and MS Windows software available.
- Contact Kate Alexander (kate@pagesat.com) for product
- information.
-
- Paging Services: Netsys is offering Pagesat's Internet to Pager mail service.
- Members of Netsys can obtain critical email to pager
- services. Pagesat has the ability to gateway any critical
- electronic mail to your display pager.
-
- Leased Line Internet Connections
-
- Pagesat Inc. offers low cost 56k and T1 Internet connections all over the
- United States. Since Pagesat is an FCC common carrier, our savings on
- leased lines can be passed on to you. For further information, contact
- Duane Dubay (djd@pagesat.com).
-
- We offer other services such as creating domains, acting as MX
- forwarders, and of course uucp based newsfeeds.
-
- Netsys is now offering completely open shell access to internet users.
- For accounts, or more information , send mail to netsys@netsys.com
-
- Netsys will NEVER accept more members than our capacity to serve.
-
- Netsys prides itself on it's excellent connectivity (including multiple T1's,
- and SMDS) ,lightly loaded systems, and it's clientel.
-
- We're not your average Internet Service Provider. And it shows.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- End of Computer Underground Digest #5.73
- ************************************
-
-
-
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- This file passed through SEA OF NOISE, +1 203 886 1441...
-
- SHARE & ENJOY!
-
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-