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The Epic Interactive Encyclopedia 1997
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1992-09-02
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In mathematics, points at which the slope of
a curve representing a function in coordinate
geometry changes from positive to negative
(maximum), or from negative to positive
(minimum). A tangent to the curve at a
maximum or minimum has zero gradient. Maxima
and minima can be found by differentiating
the function for the curve and setting the
differential to zero (the value of the slope
at the turning point). For example,
differentiating the function for the parabola
y = 2x^2 - 8x gives dy/dx = 4x - 8. Setting
this equal to zero gives x = 2, so that y =
-8 (found by substituting x = 2 into the
parabola equation). Thus the function has a
minimum at the point (2, -8).