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The Epic Interactive Encyclopedia 1997
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1992-09-02
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A power-driven balloon. All airships have
streamlined envelopes or hulls, which contain
the inflation gas (originally hydrogen, now
helium) and are non-rigid, semi-rigid, or
rigid. Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin pioneered
the rigid airship, used for bombing raids on
Britain in World War I. The destruction by
fire of the British R101 in 1930 halted
airship building in Britain, but the Germans
continued and built the 248 m/812 ft long
Hindenburg, which exploded at Lakehurst, New
Jersey, USA, in 1937, marking the effective
end of airship travel. Early airships were
vulnerable because they used highly flammable
hydrogen for inflation. After World War II,
interest grew in airships using the
nonflammable gas helium. They cause minimum
noise, can lift enormous loads, and are
economical on fuel. Britain's Airship
Industries received large orders in 1987 from
the US Navy for airships to be used for
coastguard patrols, and the Advanced Airship
Corporation on the Isle of Man was reported
in 1989 to be constructing the fastest
passenger airship ever built (80 knots),
powered by twin-propeller turbine engines.