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- $Unique_ID{BRK04304}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Urticaria, Physical}
- $Subject{Urticaria, Physical Cold Urticaria Dermographism Dermatographia
- Autographism Physical Allergy Aquagenic Urticaria }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986, 1987, 1989, 1992, 1993 National Organization for Rare
- Disorders, Inc.
-
- 250:
- Urticaria, Physical
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Physical Urticaria) is not
- the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Cold Urticaria
- Dermographism
- Dermatographia
- Autographism
- Physical Allergy
- Aquagenic Urticaria
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Physical urticaria is a condition in which red (erythematous) allergic
- skin lesions and itching (pruritus) are produced by exposure to cold
- temperatures, water, or mild trauma. The disorder occurs most commonly in
- infants.
-
- Symptoms
-
- The most common symptoms of Physical Urticaria are itching (pruritus) and
- hives consisting of red rings around white ridges (wheals). Sensitivity to
- cold is usually manifested by these eruptions on the skin, itching, and
- swelling under the skin (angioedema). These symptoms develop most typically
- after exposure to cold is terminated and during or after swimming or bathing.
- Contraction of the muscles around the bronchi (bronchospasm) and even
- histamine-mediated shock may occur in extreme cases. If this happens during
- swimming, drowning may present a danger.
-
- Sensitivity to cold can be passively transferred with serum that contains
- a specific immunoglobulin (IgE) antibody, suggesting an allergic reaction
- involving a physically altered skin protein as the cause of the allergic
- reaction. The serum of a few patients with cold-induced symptoms of Physical
- Urticaria contains cryoglobulins or cryofibrinogen; these abnormal proteins
- can also be associated with a serious underlying disorder such as a
- malignancy, a collagen vascular disease, or chronic infection. Cold may
- aggravate asthma or vasomotor rhinitis, but Cold Urticaria is independent of
- any other known allergic tendencies.
-
- Dermatographia, dermographism or autographism, can be demonstrated by
- scratching or firmly stroking the skin. Occasionally it is the first sign of
- an urticarial drug reaction. Physical Urticaria has also occurred following
- persistent vibration of the skin, and even after exposure to water (aquagenic
- urticaria).
-
- Causes
-
- The underlying cause of Physical Urticaria is unknown in most cases. It
- tends to occur in families, suggesting a possible genetic transmission.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Cold Urticaria occurs most often in infants, although it sometimes occurs in
- adults.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Cholinergic Urticaria is a condition characterized by red spots on the skin,
- hives, itching and sometimes abdominal cramps, diarrhea, faintness, weakness
- and sweating. It is caused by sensitivity to heat, sunlight, exercise, etc.
-
- Papular Urticaria, more commonly known as "hives", is characterized by
- local elevated ridges (wheals) and redness (erythema) of the skin, usually
- caused by allergic reactions to insect bites , sensitivity to drugs or other
- environmental causes.
-
- Aquagenic Urticaria is an itching condition caused by exposure to water.
-
- Contact Dermatitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the skin, often
- sharply demarcated, produced by substances in contact with the skin to which
- a person is allergic.
-
- For more information on these disorders, choose "Urticaria" and "Contact
- Dermatitis" as your search terms in the Rare Disease Database.)
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Protection from the physical cause of the allergy is necessary. Symptoms
- such as itching and swelling can usually be relieved with an oral
- antihistamine.
-
- Aquagenic Urticaria can be effectively treated with injections of
- intramuscular Triamcinolone Acetonide, a systemic steroid, that eliminates
- itching for several months before treatment is again necessary.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Clinical trials are underway to study allergic reactions to Aspartame and to
- describe their reactions. Interested persons may wish to contact:
-
- Dr. Andrew Saxon
- UCLA School of Medicine
- 10833 LeConte Ave., Rm. 52-175
- Los Angeles, CA 825-3718
- (213) 825-3718
-
- to see if further patients are needed for this research.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- June 1993. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Physical Urticaria, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- Allergy and Asthma Foundation of America
- 1835 K Street N.W., Suite P-900
- Washington, D.C. 20006
- (202) 293-2950
-
- Allergy Information Association
- 25 Poynter Dr., Suite 7
- Weston, Ontario MR9 1K8
- Canada
-
- NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5717
-
- References
-
- THE MERCK MANUAL 15th ed: R. Berkow, et al: eds; Merck, Sharp & Dohme
- Research Laboratories, 1987. P. 311.
-
- CECIL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE, 18th ed.: James B. Wyngaarden, and Lloyd H.
- Smith, Jr., Eds.: W.B. Saunders Co., 1988. Pp. 1948-51, 2334-5.
-
-