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- $Unique_ID{BRK04222}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Simian B Virus Infection}
- $Subject{Simian B Virus Infection Herpesvirus Simiae, B Virus H Simiae
- Encephalomyelitis Monkey B Virus Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1987, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 487:
- Simian B Virus Infection
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Simian B Virus) is not the
- name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing on the next page to
- find alternate names, disorder subdivisions, and related disorders covered by
- this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Herpesvirus Simiae, B Virus
- H Simiae Encephalomyelitis
- Monkey B Virus
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Simian B Virus Infection is caused by a type of herpesvirus. It is an
- infectious disorder contracted chiefly by laboratory workers exposed to
- infected monkeys and/or simian tissue cultures. It is characterized by a
- viral invasion of the brain (Encephalitis) and the membranes (meninges)
- surrounding the brain. Occasionally, the infection affects the spinal cord
- structures as well (Encephalomyelitis). Neurological damage may result from
- this infection. Without treatment, some cases of Simian B Virus may be life-
- threatening.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Simian B Virus Infection is characterized by fever, headache, vomiting,
- discomfort (malaise), and a stiff neck and back. These symptoms may be
- associated with neuromuscular dysfunction, respiratory difficulties, vision
- problems, cranial nerve abnormalities, alteration of consciousness,
- personality changes, seizures and/or partial paralysis (paresis). Some
- patients may go into a coma.
-
- Causes
-
- Simian B Virus Infection is caused by exposure to infected monkeys and/or
- simian tissue cultures of the virus, usually in laboratory settings.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Simian B Virus Infection usually affects laboratory workers bitten or
- scratched by infected monkeys, or those exposed to virus infected simian
- tissue cultures. According to one study, an estimated twenty-four cases of
- the disorder occurred between 1932 and 1972 in the United States.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Simian B
- Virus. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis is an infection of the nervous
- system characterized by headache, irritability, vomiting, drowsiness, light-
- sensitivity, difficulty in swallowing, lockjaw, incontinence, and diminished
- or exaggerated skin sensations. This disorder can be caused by viral
- infections acquired from sources other than Simian B Virus infected monkeys.
- It may be an allergic or toxic response of the nervous system to invading
- organisms such as bacteria or viruses. Neurological damage and intellectual
- impairment can follow an attack of this condition. (For more information on
- this disorder, choose "Encephalomyelitis" as your search term in the Rare
- Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Prevention of infection with Simian B Virus among laboratory workers should
- include wearing protective clothing when handling potentially infected
- monkeys or their tissue cultures. The antiviral drug acyclovir may be
- effective against Simian B Virus infection. Other treatment is symptomatic
- and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Formalin-activated vaccine is under investigation as a possible measure to
- prevent Simian B Virus infection. More research is necessary before this
- therapy can be made available for general use by laboratory workers exposed
- to infected monkeys.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- September 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Simian B Virus, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infections Diseases (NIAID)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5717
-
- Centers for Disease Control (CDC)
- 1600 Clifton Road, NE
- Atlanta, GA 30333
- (404) 639-3534
-
- References
-
- B VIRUS, HERPESVIRUS SIMIAE: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE: A.E. Palmer; J Med
- Primatol (1987, issue 16(2)). Pp. 99-130.
-
- THE SPECTRUM OF ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITIES OF ACYCLOVIR IN VITRO AND IN VIVO:
- P. Collins; J Antimicrob Chemother (September 1983, issue 12 Suppl B). Pp.
- 19-27.
-
- SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL B VIRUS (HERPESVIRUS SIMIAE)
- INFECTION WITH ACYCLOVIR: E.A. Boulter, et al.; Br Med J (March 8, 1980,
- issue 280(6215)). Pp. 681-683.
-
-