home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- $Unique_ID{BRK04211}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Seckel Syndrome}
- $Subject{Seckel Syndrome Bird-Headed Dwarf of Seckel Bird-Headed Dwarfism
- Seckel's Dwarfism Nanocephaly Nanocephalic Dwarfism Microcephalic Primordial
- Dwarfism I Hallermann-Streiff-Francois Syndrome Fanconi's Anemia}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1987, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 491:
- Seckel Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Seckel's Syndrome) is not
- the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing on the next page
- to find alternate names, disorder subdivisions, and related disorders
- covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Bird-Headed Dwarf of Seckel
- Bird-Headed Dwarfism
- Seckel's Dwarfism
- Nanocephaly
- Nanocephalic Dwarfism
- Microcephalic Primordial Dwarfism I
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Hallermann-Streiff-Francois Syndrome
- Fanconi's Anemia
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Seckel Syndrome is a genetic form of dwarfism characterized by low birth
- weight, a small head, large eyes, beak-like protrusion of the nose, narrow
- face, and receding lower jaw. Also known as "Bird-Headed Dwarfism", this
- disorder is often marked by abnormalities in skin pigmentation. Various
- congenital malformations can be accompanied by dental abnormalities and
- mental retardation.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Seckel Syndrome, also known as "Bird-Headed Dwarfism", is characterized by
- low birth weight, dwarfism, and congenital malformations such as dislocation
- of the hips, clubfoot, abnormally small kidneys, and deformity of the liver.
- Mental retardation and an abnormally small head with a receding forehead,
- narrow face, large eyes, beak-like protrusion of the nose, and receding lower
- jaw are sometimes accompanied by dental alterations. Hypoplastic
- (underdeveloped) tooth enamel, a high arched roof of the mouth (palate), and
- missing or atrophic teeth tend to occur in approximately sixty percent of
- cases.
-
- Causes
-
- Seckel Syndrome ("Bird-Headed Dwarfism") is inherited as an autosomal
- recessive trait. (Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are
- the product of the interaction of two genes for that condition, one received
- from the father and one from the mother. In recessive disorders, the
- condition does not appear unless a person inherits the same defective gene
- from each parent. If one receives one normal gene and one gene for the
- disease, the person will be a carrier for the disease, but usually will show
- no symptoms. The risk of transmitting the disease to the children of a
- couple, both of whom are carriers for a recessive disorder, is twenty-five
- percent. Fifty percent of their children will be carriers, but healthy as
- described above. Twenty-five percent of their children will receive both
- normal genes, one from each parent and will be genetically normal.)
-
- Affected Population
-
- Seckel Syndrome ("Bird-Headed Dwarfism") occurs at a rate of approximately
- one in 10,000 live births. According to one medical study, approximately
- sixty cases had been identified between 1960 (when this disorder was first
- identified) and 1982. Seckel Syndrome affects males and females in equal
- numbers, and tends to affect more than one person in a family.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Seckel
- Syndrome (Bird-Headed Dwarfism). Comparisons may be useful for a
- differential diagnosis:
-
- Hallermann-Streiff-Francois Syndrome, also known as mandibulo-oculofacial
- dyscephaly, is a syndrome of bony abnormalities of the roof of the skull
- (calvaria), face and jaw. Additionally, patients have a bird-like face with
- a narrow curved nose, and multiple eye defects including abnormally small
- eyeballs and corneas, and cataracts. Hair can be thinned or absent, and
- eyebrows may be absent or underdeveloped. Premature aging (progeria) and
- atrophy of the skin, particularly the elastic tissue, may also be present.
- (For more information on this disorder, choose "Hallermann" as your search
- term in the Rare Disease Database.)
-
- Fanconi's Anemia is a rare form of familial aplastic anemia found chiefly
- in children of Mediterranean ancestry. It is characterized by bone
- abnormalities, an abnormally small head (microcephaly), underdeveloped
- genitalia, and brown pigmentation of the skin. Complications can include
- infections such as pneumonia and meningitis, excessive bleeding (hemorrhage),
- and leukemia. Although other symptoms are similar to those of Fanconi's
- Anemia, patients with Seckel Syndrome can be distinguished by the presence of
- a receding forehead and chin, large eyes, and a large beaked nose. (For more
- information on this disorder, choose "Fanconi" as your search term in the
- Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Seckel Syndrome ("Bird-Headed Dwarfism") is symptomatic and
- supportive. Genetic counseling and service agencies which benefit physically
- disabled and/or mentally retarded individuals and their families can be
- helpful.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through June
- 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every
- entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please
- check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current
- information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on this Seckel Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- International Center for Skeletal Dysplasia
- St. Joseph Hospital
- 7620 York Road
- Towson, MD 21204
- (301) 337-1250
-
- The Magic Foundation
- 1327 N. Harlem Ave.
- Oak Park, IL 60302
- (708) 383-0808
-
- Human Growth Foundation (HGF)
- 7777 Leesburg Pike
- P.O. Box 3090
- Falls Church, VA 22043
- (703) 883-1773
- (800) 451-6434
-
- Little People of America
- P.O. Box 633
- San Bruno, CA 94066
- (415) 589-0695
-
- Parents of Dwarfed Children
- 11524 Colt Terrace
- Silver Spring, MD 20902
-
- Association for Research into Restricted Growth
- 2 Mount Court
- 81 Central Hill
- London SE 19 1 BS
- England
- 01-678-2984
-
- NIH/National Child Health & Human Development (NICHHD)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5133
-
- For genetic information and genetic counseling referrals, please contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- This Rare Disease Database entry is based upon outlines prepared by medical
- and dental students (1984-1986) at the Medical College of Virginia for their
- course in human genetics, and the following articles:
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 7th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. P. 859.
-
- PIGMENTARY CHANGES IN SECKEL'S SYNDROME: A. Fathizadeh, et al.; J Am Acad
- Dermatol (July 1979, issue 1(1)). Pp. 52-54.
-
- SECKEL SYNDROME: AN OVERDIAGNOSED SYNDROME: E. Thompson, et al.; J Med
- Genet (June 1985, issue 22(3)). Pp. 192-201.
-
- MICROCEPHALY, MICROGNATHIA, AND BIRD-HEADED DWARFISM: PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS
- OF A SECKEL-LIKE SYNDROME: D.F. Majoor-Krakauer, et al.; Am J Med Genet (May
- 1987, issue 27(1)). Pp. 183-188.
-
-