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- $Unique_ID{BRK04067}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Organic Personality Syndrome}
- $Subject{Organic Personality Syndrome Personality Syndrome Organic Antisocial
- Personality Disorder Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD Dementia
- Huntington's Chorea Huntington's Disease Schizophrenia Temporal Lobe Epilepsy}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1990 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 782:
- Organic Personality Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article Organic Personality
- Syndrome) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to
- find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Personality Syndrome, Organic
-
- Information on the following disorders can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Antisocial Personality Disorder
- Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- Dementia
- Huntington's Chorea (Huntington's Disease)
- Schizophrenia
- Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Organic Personality Syndrome is a mental disorder characterized by a
- persistent personality disturbance due to an organic cause. Significant
- changes in the personality may endure for a short or long time, depending on
- the cause. The degree of impairment varies in each case.
-
- Symptoms
-
- In Organic Personality Syndrome, character traits are either more pronounced
- or different from usual behavior. Symptoms usually show themselves in one of
- three basic patterns depending on the nature and location of the brain
- dysfunction. The first pattern is the most common, and is characterized by
- emotional instability, faulty social judgement, possible belligerence and/or
- an over-reactive temper. The person may engage in inappropriate social
- behavior without regard for the consequences (e.g. sexual indiscretions).
- The second pattern may include significant signs of apathy and indifference.
- The person has no concern for, or interest in his or her immediate
- environment or former customary hobbies. Both of these patterns may be
- caused by damage to the frontal lobes of the brain (frontal lobe syndromes).
- The third pattern of behavior, seen in some disorders affecting the temporal
- lobe, is marked by a strong tendency to be humorless and overly redundant in
- both speech and writing, and by overzealous religious devotion.
- Occasionally, the person may show extreme rage. One of the major changes in
- this behavior may be unreasonable suspiciousness or paranoid ideas. If the
- main symptom is outbursts of aggression or rage, the patient may be labeled
- as an "Explosive Type".
-
- Causes
-
- There are several possible causes for Organic Personality Syndrome. It is
- generally due to structural brain damage from neoplasms (tumors), head
- trauma, or cerebrovascular disease involving the upper part of the brain and
- the blood vessels supplying it. Less commonly, endocrine disorders such as
- thyroid and adrenocortical (outer part of adrenal gland) disease, or
- ingesting certain psychoactive substances (drugs that affect the mind or
- behavior) may cause this syndrome. The syndrome may be of short duration if
- caused by medications, drug abuse, or certain types of tumors that are
- surgically removed. It may be of long duration if it is secondary to
- structural brain damage.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Organic Personality Syndrome is a prevalent disorder that affects males and
- females of all ages in equal numbers. It is often a symptom of an underlying
- disease or condition.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Organic
- Personality Syndrome. However, personality changes can occur in many
- disorders that are not due to an organic reason. Psychiatric and/or
- neurological consultation should be sought to determine the cause of any
- serious or prolonged change in behavior.
-
- Schizophrenia is a prevalent mental illness characterized by loss of
- contact with reality, marked deterioration in ability to function, and
- extreme personality change. Delusional disorders, mood disorders, and
- impulse control disorders are not related to Organic Personality Syndrome,
- even though they cause marked changes in personality. (For more information
- on this disorder, choose "Schizophrenia" as your search term in the Rare
- Disease Database).
-
- Antisocial Personality Disorder is a mental illness which usually
- manifests itself before the age of fifteen. Major symptoms include
- antisocial behavior in which there is little concern for the rights of
- others. Excessive drinking, fighting and irresponsibility may also occur.
- (For more information on this disorder, choose "Antisocial Personality
- Disorder" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a condition usually
- caused by abnormalities of the central nervous system. It often accompanies
- neurological disorders such as cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and Tourette
- syndrome. It may also be caused by a disruptive environment, child abuse or
- neglect in some cases. ADHD features unusual degrees of inattention,
- impulsiveness, and physical activity. It usually starts at a young age, half
- the time before the age of 4. (For more information on these disorders,
- choose "Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity", "Cerebral Palsy", "epilepsy", or
- "Tourette Syndrome" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- The following disorders may be the primary underlying cause of Organic
- Personality Syndrome. They are not necessary for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Huntington's Chorea (also known as Huntington's Disease) is an inherited,
- progressively degenerative neurological illness leading to personality
- changes, loss of motor control, loss of memory, and eventual loss of both
- mental capability. (For more information on this disorder, choose
- "Huntington's Disease" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (also known as Psychomotor Epilepsy) is a central
- nervous system disorder originating in the temporal lobe area of the brain.
- It is characterized by partial seizures, impairment of consciousness, strange
- behavior, hallucinations that may involve odor, and visual perceptions.
- Organic Personality Syndrome may occur between seizures. (For more
- information on this disorder, choose "Epilepsy" as your search term in the
- Rare Disease Database).
-
- Organic Personality Syndrome may precede the development of dementia.
- Dementia is a progressive decline of the intellect (rational or intelligent
- thought) and includes changes in behavior and personality. It may be caused
- by one of several brain diseases or by injury to the brain. Dementia affects
- memory and abstract thinking as well as judgement. Sometimes personality
- change is the first symptom of an organic brain syndrome which eventually
- becomes dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease. The initial diagnosis is then
- changed from Organic Personality Syndrome to another disorder. (For more
- information on disorders characterized by dementia, choose "dementia" as your
- search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- In Organic Personality Syndrome, although the ability to reason, remember,
- imagine, and learn may not be affected, the individual's judgement may be so
- poor that continual supervision may be necessary. Left unattended, his or
- her behavior could cause difficult or dangerous problems.
-
- Treatment of Organic Personality Syndrome depends upon the cause. If it
- is due to medication or drug abuse, once the cause is identified, corrective
- action can be taken and the person's behavior usually returns to normal. If
- it is due to a brain tumor (neoplasm), much depends on the tumor type, the
- patient's age, tumor location and success of therapy. Surgery may be
- effective, and in some cases patients recover with little or no permanent
- change in their intellectual abilities and quality of life. If the Organic
- Personality Syndrome is due to another underlying neurological disorder,
- appropriate treatment for that disorder may be helpful.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Some research has been done on the effectiveness of certain antidepressant
- drugs. In the cases tested, patients had Organic Personality Syndrome with
- no other underlying neurological diseases, combined with depression. Many
- patients improved on antidepressant drugs and remission occurred in some
- patients.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- November 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Organic Personality Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Mental Health Association
- 1021 Prince Street
- Alexandria, VA 22314
- (703) 684-7722
-
- NIH/National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20205
- (301) 443-4515 or (301) 496-1752
- (800) 421-4211 (24 hrs.)
-
- References
-
- THE DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS, 3rd ed. revised:
- Janet B. W. Williams, D.S.W., et al., eds.; American Psychiatric Association,
- 1987. Pp.50-53, 114-116.
-
- COGNITIVE OUTCOME AND QUALITY OF LIFE ONE YEAR AFTER SUBARACHNOID
- HAEMORRHAGE, P. McKenna, et al., Neurosurgery (March 1989, issue 24 (3)). Pp.
- 361-367.
-
- NATIONAL SURVEY OF PATTERNS OF CARE FOR BRAIN-TUMOR PATIENTS, M.S.
- Mahaley, Jr, et al., J Neurosurg (December 1989, issue 71 (6)). Pp. 826-836.
-
- NONPSYCHOTIC INVOLUTIONAL INHIBITED DEPRESSIONS AND PSYCHO-ORGANIC
- DETERIORATIONS: TREATMENT WITH VILOXAZINE AND PIRACETAM, A. Borromei, et al.,
- Minerva Med (May 1989, issue 80 (5)). Pp. 475-482.
-
- PARTIAL SECTION OF THE CORPUS COLLOSUM: FOCAL SIGNS AND THEIR RECOVERY,
- A. Castro-Caldas, et al., Neurosurgery (September 1989, issue 25 (3)). Pp.
- 442-447.
-
-