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$Unique_ID{BRK03769}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome}
$Subject{Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome Acrodermatitis, Papular Infantile
Crosti-Gianotti Syndrome Acrodermatitis, Infantile Lichenoid Hepatitis-B Virus
Coxsackievirus Cytomegalovirus Infectious Mononucleosis}
$Volume{}
$Log{}
Copyright (C) 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
660:
Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome
** IMPORTANT **
It is possible that the main title of the article (Gianotti-Crosti) is
not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
Synonyms
Acrodermatitis, Papular Infantile
Crosti-Gianotti Syndrome
Acrodermatitis, Infantile Lichenoid
Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
Disorders section of this report:
Hepatitis-B Virus
Coxsackievirus
Cytomegalovirus
Infectious Mononucleosis
General Discussion
** REMINDER **
The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
section of this report.
Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome is a rare skin disease affecting children
between the ages of nine months to nine years. Major symptoms may include
blisters on the skin of the legs, buttocks and arms. The disorder is usually
preceded by a viral infection.
Symptoms
Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome is characterized by blisters on the skin that may or
may not itch. They are usually found on the face, buttocks, arms or legs.
The blisters consist of large, flat-topped, fluid filled sacks. They usually
occur along with upper respiratory tract infection. The blisters usually
last from twenty to twenty-five days; they do not usually reoccur. There may
be an enlargement of the lymph nodes in the trunk area of the body.
Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome usually occurs after a bout with a viral disease
such as: Coxsackievirus, Hepatitis-B, Infectious Mononucleosis or
Cytomegalovirus, or after vaccination with a live virus serum.
Causes
The cause of Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome is thought to be a reaction to a
previous viral infection. In many countries the predisposing cause is
usually the Hepatitis-B virus. In North America other viruses are more often
the predisposing cause. The exact reasons for this cause and effect
situation are unknown.
Affected Population
Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome usually affects children between the ages of nine
months and nine years of age. It affects males and females in equal numbers.
Although the disorder is regularly associated with Hepatitis-B infections in
other countries, in North America it is rarely the cause.
Related Disorders
The following viral infections can cause Gianotti-Crosti.
Hepatitis-B Virus (HBV) is one of three viral agents which causes
inflammation of the liver known as "Hepatitis" or "diffuse hepatocellular
inflammatory disease". Hepatitis-B is characterized by fever, nausea,
vomiting, and yellow discoloration of the skin (jaundice). In its most
serious form Hepatitis-B can become a chronic infection, or may cause liver
cancer. The hepatitis-B virus can be passed from mother to unborn child, and
is highly contagious through bodily fluids such as blood, semen and possibly
saliva. It is often spread from person to person through intravenous drug
use. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Hepatitis" as your
search term in the Rare Disease Database).
Coxsackievirus is characterized by infections that occur primarily during
the summer. It affects mostly young children, especially boys, and includes
fever, sore throat, vomiting, headache, respiratory signs and symptoms,
diarrhea, abdominal pain, rash and earache.
Cytomegalovirus Infection (CMV) can occur congenitally, postnatally or at
any age. CMV ranges in severity from a silent infection without
consequences, to a disease manifested by fever, hepatitis, and (in newborns)
severe brain damage, stillbirth or perinatal death. In severe cases
hemorrhaging, anemia, and liver damage can occur. In infants it may cause
low birth weight, fever, hepatitis, blindness, deafness, or seizures. (For
more information on this disorder, choose "Cytomegalovirus" as your search
term in the Rare Disease Database).
Infectious Mononucleosis is characterized by an incubation period of from
thirty to fifty days in young adults, and a shorter time in children. The
symptoms include feeling unwell for a few days, headache, fever and sore
throat, with extreme fatigue. The glands in the neck, armpits and groin
swell and the eyes get puffy. There may be tonsillitis, rash, loss of
appetite, and sensitivity to light. Other organs in the body may be
affected. The spleen and liver may become enlarged. This infection is
caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. (For more information on this disorder,
choose "Mono" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
Therapies: Standard
Treatment of Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome is symptomatic and supportive. Symptoms
disappear usually within twenty to twenty-five days without treatment.
Therapies: Investigational
This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
October 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
current information about this disorder.
Resources
For more information on Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome, please contact:
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
P.O. Box 8923
New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
(203) 746-6518
The National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Information
Clearinghouse
Box AMS
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301) 495-4484
NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease
9000 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301) 496-5717
Centers for Disease Control (CDC)
1600 Clifton Road, NE
Atlanta, GA 30333
(404) 639-3534
References
THE GIANOTTI-CROSTI SYNDROME. D. Rubenstein, et al.; Pediatrics (March, 1978,
issue 61 (3)). Pp. 433-437.
GIANOTTI-CROSTI SYNDROME. A REVIEW OF TEN CASES NOT ASSOCIATED WITH
HEPATITIS-B. K.L. Spear, et al.; Arch Dermatol (July, 1984, issue 120 (7)).
Pp. 891-896.
GIANOTTI-CROSTI SYNDROME; A STUDY OF 26 CASES. A. Taieb, et al.; Br J
Dermatol (July, 1986, issue 115, (1)). Pp. 49-59.