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$Unique_ID{BRK03641}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome}
$Subject{Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome Chronic Vomiting in Childhood Abdominal
Migraine Periodic Syndrome Childhood Cyclic Vomiting Pyloric Stenosis Migraine
Headache}
$Volume{}
$Log{}
Copyright (C) 1992 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
889:
Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome
** IMPORTANT **
It is possible that the main title of the article (Cyclic Vomiting
Syndrome) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to
find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
Synonyms
Chronic Vomiting in Childhood
Abdominal Migraine
Periodic Syndrome
Childhood Cyclic Vomiting
Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
Disorders section of this report:
Pyloric Stenosis
Migraine Headache
General Discussion
** REMINDER **
The Information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
section of this report.
Scientists assume that Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome is a rare form of
"abdominal migraine" disorder in children. Major symptoms may include
chronic nausea, vomiting, motion-sickness, abdominal pain and in some cases
dizziness (vertigo) which may last hours to days. The attacks seem to be
similar in onset and duration for each child. All of these symptoms tend to
begin in early childhood around the age of three years, but may begin later.
Symptoms
Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome is a disorder of children that usually begins around
the age of three years. However, even infants have been known to exhibit the
symptoms of the disorder. It is characterized by recurrent periods of nausea
and vomiting. Children may suffer from midline abdominal pain which is often
accompanied by pale coloring, headaches, loss of appetite, upset stomach,
dizziness, motion-sickness and recurrent vomiting. The vomiting may last
several hours or a week or more. It may reoccur once a year or several times
a week depending upon severity. Many times the child is aware of being
excited or under stress, or having a cold or flu before the beginning of an
attack of cyclic vomiting.
Causes
The exact cause of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome is not known. It is assumed by
scientists who have studied the syndrome that it is a type of "abdominal
migraine". The determination of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome can only be made
after other causes of recurrent vomiting in children have been ruled out. No
underlying disease has been found to cause Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome. No
tests such as blood, x-ray or other diagnostic procedures have been found to
predict the syndrome. However, the children tend to get migraine headaches
when they grow to adulthood.
Affected Population
Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome is a rare disorder that usually occurs in children
aged three and up. The syndrome may be present earlier, however, it is
usually not apparent as a syndrome (a group of symptoms that occur together).
The disorder rarely begins after puberty. Patients may be prone to migraine
headaches in later years. The number of children affected by this disorder
is unknown, but scientists suspect it is a massively undiagnosed or
misdiagnosed condition.
Related Disorders
Pyloric Stenosis is a digestive disorder that is usually apparent during the
first few months of life but it may also occur in adults. The development of
projectile vomiting immediately after eating or when the stomach is filled is
one of the first symptoms of Pyloric Stenosis. Because so little food
reaches the intestines, constipation is a frequent complication as is failure
of the infant to gain weight. The signs and symptoms of adult pyloric
stenosis are similar to those in the infant.
Migraine headaches can begin in childhood or middle age. However, they
often occur for the first time during adolescence. The problem is more
common in girls than in boys and there is frequently a strong family history
of migraine headaches. Migraines, like other types of headaches, are
increased in frequency by stress. They can be triggered by foods such as
chocolate, red wine, or certain cheeses. Attacks, which are characterized by
intense pain in the head caused by dilation of blood vessels, can last
several hours or even days. The headache may be accompanied by nausea,
vomiting, and extreme sensitivity to light.
Therapies: Standard
There is no known treatment to prevent or shorten attacks of Cyclic Vomiting.
A variety of sedatives and anti-nausea medications have been used to treat
the syndrome. Other treatment is generally symptomatic and supportive.
Therapies: Investigational
Research on this disorder is being conducted by Dr. David Fleisher (address
given in the "Resource" section of this report.)
This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
February 1992. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
the most current information about this disorder.
Resources
For more information on Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome, please contact:
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
P.O. Box 8923
New Fairfield, CT 06812
(203) 746-6518
Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome Association
13180 Caroline St.
Elm Grove, WI 53122
(414) 784-6842
National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse
Box NDDIC
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301) 468-6344
National Headache/Migraine Foundation
5252 North Western Ave
Chicago, IL 60625
(800) 523-8858 (Illinois)
(800) 843-2256 (outside Illinois)
Research is being conducted by:
David R. Fleisher, M.D.
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
(Pediatric Gastroenterology)
Department of Child Health
University of Missouri School of Medicine
Columbia, MO 65212
(314) 882-6993
References
TESTING THE PSYCHOGENIC VOMITING DIAGNOSIS. FOUR PEDIATRIC PATIENTS.,
Gonzales-Heydrich, J. et al.; Am J Dis Child, August, 1991, (issue 145 (8)).
Pp. 913-916.
IDIOPATHIC GASTROPARESIS IN PATIENTS WITH UNEXPLAINED NAUSEA AND
VOMITING, Wengrower, D., et al.; Dig Dis Sci, September 1991, (issue36 (9)).
Pp. 1255-1258.
VALUE OF ULTRASOUND IN DIFFERENTIATING CAUSES OF PERSISTENT VOMITING IN
INFANTS., Rollins, MD, et al.; Gut, June, 1991 (issue 32 (6)). Pp. 612-614.
THE PERIODIC SYNDROME IN PEDIATRIC MIGRAINE SUFFERERS. Lanzi, G. et al.;
Cephalalgia, August 3, 1983, suppl 1: Pp. 91-93.
ABDOMINAL MIGRAINE; A CHILDHOOD SYNDROME DEFINED. Symon, D.N. et al.;
Cephalalgia, December, 1986, (issue 6 (4)). Pp. 223-228.
REVERSIBLE QUANTITATIVE EEG CHANGES IN A CASE OF CYCLIC VOMITING:
EVIDENCE FOR MIGRAINE EQUIVALENT., Jernigan, SA. et al.; Dev Med Child
Neurol, January, 1991, (issue 33 (1)). Pp. 80-85.