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- $Unique_ID{BRK03446}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic}
- $Subject{Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic Extrinsic Allergic Pneumonia Allergic
- Interstitial Pneumonitis Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Bagassosis Bathtub
- Refinisher's Lung Bird Breeder Disease Cheese Worker's Lung Enzyme Detergent
- Sensitivity Epoxy Resin Lung Farmer Lung Laboratory Technician's Lung
- Maltworker Lung Maple Bark Stripper Disease Mushroom Picker Disease Mushroom
- Worker's Lung Pituitary Snuff Taker's Lung Plastic Worker's Lung Poultry
- Raiser Disease Sequoiosis Suberosis Ventilation Pneumonitis Wheat Weevil
- Disease Fibrosing Alveolitis Sarcoidosis Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia
- Asthma}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1987, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 431:
- Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Extrinsic Allergic
- Alveolitis) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing
- on the next page to find alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by
- this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Extrinsic Allergic Pneumonia
- Allergic Interstitial Pneumonitis
- Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
-
- DISORDER SUBDIVISIONS
-
- Bagassosis
- Bathtub Refinisher's Lung
- Bird Breeder Disease
- Cheese Worker's Lung
- Enzyme Detergent Sensitivity
- Epoxy Resin Lung
- Farmer Lung
- Laboratory Technician's Lung
- Maltworker Lung
- Maple Bark Stripper Disease
- Mushroom Picker Disease
- Mushroom Worker's Lung
- Pituitary Snuff Taker's Lung
- Plastic Worker's Lung
- Poultry Raiser Disease
- Sequoiosis
- Suberosis
- Ventilation Pneumonitis
- Wheat Weevil Disease
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Asthma
- Fibrosing Alveolitis
- Sarcoidosis
- Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources
- section of this report.
-
- Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis is a lung disorder resulting from repeated
- inhalation of organic dust, usually in a specific occupational setting. In
- the acute form, respiratory symptoms and fever start several hours after
- exposure to the dust. The chronic form is characterized by gradual changes
- in the lung tissue associated with several years of exposure to the irritant.
-
- Symptoms
-
- In general, symptoms of all forms of Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis include
- breathing difficulty, wheezing, and dry coughs which appear to shake the
- entire body. Chills, sweating, aching, discomfort and/or fatigue may
- accompany lung symptoms. Most cases of this disorder are characterized by
- mild, short episodes which may be misdiagnosed. Chronic cases may develop
- with repeated episodes or prolonged exposure to a specific organic dust.
- These may involve more severe symptoms including fever, crackling sounds
- during breathing (rales), breathing difficulty, bluish appearance of the skin
- (cyanosis), and possibly, expectoration of blood.
-
- Causes
-
- Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis is caused by repeated exposure to organic
- substances including a wide variety of those substances usually associated
- with specific occupational settings may be linked to this disorder. These
- may include irritants associated with birds (avian dust), cheese
- manufacturing (mold), sugar manufacturing (moldy sugar cane dust), bath tub
- refinishing (paint catalyst), farming (moldy hay dust), mushroom farming
- (mushroom compost), laboratory technician (rat or gerbil urine residue),
- tobacco (snuff), heating and cooling systems (moldy water), malt working/beer
- brewing (moldy barley), maple bark disease (moldy maple bark dust),
- sequoiosis (moldy redwood bark dust), Suberosis (moldy cork dust), plastic
- working (plastic residue), epoxy resin (heated epoxy residue), enzyme
- detergent (dust), or wheat weevil disease (wheat mold or dust).
-
- Affected Population
-
- Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis may affect males and females in equal numbers,
- but usually affects individuals in occupations where an irritant substance
- is inhaled by people who are allergic to the substance.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to Extrinsic Allergic
- Alveolitis. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Asthma is characterized by breathing difficulty caused by a wide variety
- of factors, often associated with allergies. In general, the air passages
- become narrowed and may return to normal spontaneously, although treatment is
- often necessary. Long-term cases can diminish in severity, depending on the
- underlying cause and method of treatment. There is no known cure, but
- attacks may be controlled to various degrees.
-
- Fibrosing Alveolitis, also known as Acute Pulmonary Alveolitis, is an
- inflammatory lung disorder characterized by abnormal formation of fibrous
- tissue between tiny air sacs (alveoli) or ducts in the lungs. Coughing and
- rapid, shallow breathing may develop even with moderate exercise. The skin
- may become bluish (cyanotic) due to lack of oxygen circulating in the blood.
- Complications such as infections, emphysema or heart problems may develop.
- (For more information on this disorder, choose "Fibrosing Alveolitis" as your
- search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Sarcoidosis is a disorder that affects many body systems. It is
- characterized by small round lesions (tubercles) in tissue. Symptoms may
- vary depending on the severity of the disease and the proportion of the body
- that is affected. Widespread lung involvement may occur with or follow lymph
- node involvement. This infiltration may have a fine "ground-glass"
- appearance on X-rays, and may appear to have an unusual pattern, or resemble
- tumors. Lung involvement is usually characterized by coughing and breathing
- difficulty, although these symptoms can be mild or even absent. (For more
- information on this disorder, choose "Sarcoidosis" as your search term in the
- Rare Disease Database).
-
- Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia is a chronic form of pneumonia. The
- exact cause of this disorder is not known. Symptoms are caused by shedding
- of large alveolar cells (desquamation) in the lungs and thickening of the
- walls of the air passages. This disorder is characterized by breathing
- difficulty and accompanied by a harsh cough that does not seem to clear the
- obstruction.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis initially depends on
- identification of organic substance causing the allergic reaction. If
- possible, the patient should avoid exposure to the allergen. In an
- occupational setting, mild cases may be alleviated by improved ventilation or
- use of air filtering masks. In severe or prolonged cases, however, changing
- jobs may be the best option. If symptoms persist in spite of avoidance,
- corticosteroid drugs may be tried. In acute cases, steroids in combination
- with avoidance measures can often reduce the severity of symptoms. All
- symptoms can usually be resolved in acute cases if they are diagnosed and
- treated early before permanent changes in the lungs can develop. If
- permanent lung changes have occurred at the time of diagnosis, it is possible
- that the patient may not respond well to treatment.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- October 1987. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- American Lung Association
- 1740 Broadway
- New York, NY 10019
- (212) 315-8700
-
- NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infections Diseases (NIAID)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5717
-
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
- Public Affairs Office
- P.O. Box 12233
- Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
- (919) 541-3345
-
- References
-
- EXTRINSIC ALLERGIC ALVEOLITIS IN CHILDREN. APROPOS OF 4 CASES: M. Bost, et
- al.; Pediatrie (June 1984, issue 39(4)). Pp. 253-260.
-
- ALLERGIC ALVEOLITIS (PATHOGENESIS AND DIAGNOSIS): K.C. Bergman; A
- Gesamte Inn Med (January 15, 1980, issue 35 (2)). Pp. 77-80.
-
- DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH TO NEW OR UNRECOGNIZED RISKS IN HYPERSENSITIVITY
- PNEUMOPATHIES: C. Molina; Rev Fr Mal Respir (1983, issue 11 (4)). Pp. 427-
- 438.
-
-