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- $Unique_ID{BRK03180}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{hydrocortisone (systemic)}
- $Subject{systemic Cortef Upjohn Hydrocortone Merck Sharp Dohme
- Adrenocorticosteroid hormone hydrocortisone cortisol fluid balance temperature
- reaction inflammation cortisone-like endocrine hormonal rheumatic asthma blood
- cancers eye disorders gastrointestinal disturbances ulcerative colitis
- respiratory diseases inflammations arthritis dermatitis poison ivy allergic}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1993 Publications International, Ltd.
-
-
- hydrocortisone (systemic)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- BRAND NAMES (Manufacturers)
-
- Cortef (Upjohn)
- hydrocortisone (various manufacturers)
- Hydrocortone (Merck Sharp & Dohme)
-
- TYPE OF DRUG
-
- Adrenocorticosteroid hormone
-
- INGREDIENT
-
- hydrocortisone (cortisol)
-
- DOSAGE FORMS
-
- Tablets (5 mg, 10 mg, and 20 mg)
- Oral suspension (10 mg per 5-ml spoonful)
-
- STORAGE
-
- Store at room temperature in a tightly closed container. Never freeze
- this medication.
-
- USES
-
- Your adrenal glands naturally produce certain cortisone-like chemicals.
- These chemicals are involved in various regulatory processes in the body (such
- as those involving fluid balance, temperature, and reaction to inflammation).
- Hydrocortisone belongs to a group of drugs known as adrenocorticosteroids (or
- cortisone-like medications). It is used to treat a variety of disorders,
- including endocrine (hormonal) and rheumatic disorders; asthma; blood
- diseases; certain cancers; eye disorders; gastrointestinal disturbances, such
- as ulcerative colitis; respiratory diseases; and inflammations such as
- arthritis, dermatitis, poison ivy, and other allergic conditions. How this
- medication acts to relieve these disorders is not completely understood.
-
- TREATMENT
-
- In order to prevent stomach irritation, you can take hydrocortisone with
- food or milk.
- If you are taking only one dose of this medication each day, try to take
- it before 9:00 a.m. This mimics the normal hormonal production in your body.
- The oral suspension form of this medication should be shaken well just
- before measuring each dose. The contents tend to settle on the bottom of the
- bottle, so it is necessary to shake the container to distribute the
- ingredients evenly and equalize the doses. Each dose should then be measured
- carefully with a specially designed 5-ml measuring spoon. An ordinary kitchen
- teaspoon is not accurate enough.
- It is important to try not to miss any doses of hydrocortisone. However,
- if you do miss a dose of this medication, follow these guidelines:
- 1. If you are taking ihydrocorizone more than once a day, take the missed
- dose as soon as possible, then return to your regular schedule. If it is
- already time for the next dose, double the dose.
- 2. If you are taking this medication once a day, take the dose you missed
- as soon as possible, unless you don't remember until the next day. In that
- case, do not take the missed dose at all; just follow your regular schedule.
- Do not double the next dose.
- 3. If you are taking this drug every other day, take the missed dose as
- soon as you remember. If you missed the scheduled dose by a whole day, take
- it when you remember and then skip a day before you take the next dose. Do
- not double the dose.
- If you miss more than one dose of hydrocortisone, CONTACT YOUR DOCTOR.
-
- SIDE EFFECTS
-
- Minor.
-
- Dizziness, false sense of well-being, increased appetite, increased
- sweating, indigestion, menstrual irregularities, nausea, reddening and
- swelling of the skin on the face, restlessness, sleep disorders, or weight
- gain. These side effects should disappear as your body adjusts to the
- medication.
- To help avoid potassium loss while using this drug, take your dose with a
- glass of fresh or frozen orange juice, or eat a banana each day. The use of a
- salt substitute also helps to prevent potassium loss. Check with your doctor
- before changing your diet or using a salt substitute.
-
- Major.
-
- Tell your doctor about any side effects that are persistent or
- particularly bothersome. IT IS ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT TO TELL YOUR DOCTOR about
- abdominal (area around and above the waist) enlargement; acne or other skin
- problems; back or rib pain; bloody or black, tarry stools; blurred vision;
- convulsions; eye pain; fever and sore throat; growth impairment (in children);
- headaches; slow healing of wounds; increased thirst and urination; mental
- depression; mood changes; muscle wasting; muscle weakness; nightmares; rapid
- weight gain (three to five pounds within a week); rash; red lines across the
- abdomen; severe abdominal pain; shortness of breath; thinning of the skin;
- unusual bleeding or bruising; or unusual weakness.
-
- INTERACTIONS
-
- The systemic form of hydrocortisone adrenocorticosteroid hormone
- interacts with several other types of medications:
- 1. Alcohol, aspirin, and anti-inflammatory medications (such as
- diclofenac, diflunisal, flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, indomethacin, ketoprofen,
- mefenamic acid, meclofenamate, naproxen, piroxicam, sulindac, and tolmetin)
- aggravate the stomach problems that are common with use of this medication.
- 2. The dosage of oral anticoagulants (blood thinners, such as warfarin),
- oral antidiabetic drugs, or insulin may need to be adjusted when this
- medication is started or stopped.
- 3. The loss of potassium caused by hydrocortisone can lead to serious
- side effects in individuals taking digoxin. Also, thiazide diuretics (water
- pills) can increase the potassium loss caused by hydrocortisone.
- 4. Phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin, and ephedrine can increase the
- elimination of hydrocortisone from the body, thereby decreasing its
- effectiveness.
- 5. Oral contraceptives (birth control pills) and estrogen-containing
- drugs may decrease the elimination of this drug from the body, which can lead
- to an increase in side effects.
- 6. Hydrocortisone can increase the elimination of aspirin and isoniazid
- from the body, thereby decreasing the effectiveness of these two medications.
- 7. Cholestyramine and colestipol can chemically bind this medication in
- the stomach and gastrointestinal tract, preventing its absorption and
- decreasing its effectiveness.
- BE SURE TO TELL YOUR DOCTOR about any medications you are currently
- taking, especially any of those listed above.
-
- WARNINGS
-
- * Tell your doctor about unusual or allergic reactions you have had to
- any medications, especially to hydrocortisone or other adrenocorticosteroids
- (such as betamethasone, cortisone, dexamethasone, fluocinolone,
- methylprednisolone, prednisolone, prednisone, and triamcinolone).
- * Tell your doctor if you now have or if you have ever had bone disease,
- diabetes mellitus, emotional instability, glaucoma, fungal infections, heart
- disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, myasthenia gravis,
- peptic ulcers, osteoporosis, thyroid disease, tuberculosis, ulcerative
- colitis, kidney disease, or liver disease.
- * If you are using this medication for longer than a week, you may need
- to receive higher dosages if you are subjected to stress, such as serious
- infections, injury, or surgery. Discuss this with your doctor.
- * If you have been taking this drug for more than a week, do not stop
- taking it suddenly. If it is stopped suddenly, you may experience abdominal
- or back pain, dizziness, fainting, fever, muscle or joint pain, nausea,
- vomiting, shortness of breath, or extreme weakness. Your doctor may,
- therefore, want to reduce the dosage gradually. Never increase the dosage or
- take the drug for longer than the prescribed time, unless you first consult
- your doctor.
- * While you are taking this drug, you should not be vaccinated or
- immunized. This medication decreases the effectiveness of vaccines and can
- lead to overwhelming infection if a live-virus vaccine is administered.
- * Before having surgery or any other medical or dental treatment, be sure
- to tell your doctor or dentist that you are taking this medication.
- * Because this drug can cause glaucoma and cataracts with long-term use,
- your doctor may want you to have your eyes examined by an ophthalmologist
- periodically during treatment.
- * If you are taking this medication for prolonged periods, you should
- wear or carry an identification card or notice that clearly states that you
- are taking an adrenocorticosteroid medication.
- * This medication can raise blood sugar levels in diabetic patients.
- Blood sugar levels should, therefore, be monitored carefully with blood or
- urine tests when this medication is being taken.
- * Be sure to tell your doctor if you are pregnant. This drug crosses the
- placenta. Although studies in humans have not been conducted, birth defects
- have been observed in the offspring of animals that were given large doses of
- this drug during pregnancy. Also, tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding
- an infant. Small amounts of this drug pass into breast milk and may cause
- growth suppression or a decrease in natural adrenocorticosteroid hormone
- production in the nursing infant.
-
- ----------------
-
- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
-