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- $Unique_ID{BRK03021}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{aminophylline}
- $Subject{Amoline Major Phyllocontin Purdue Frederick Somophyllin Fisons
- Somophyllin-DF Truphylline G and W Bronchodilator aminophylline theophylline
- ethylenediamine salt breathing problems wheezing shortness breath asthma
- bronchitis emphysema smooth muscles bronchial airways breathing tubes air}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1993 Publications International, Ltd.
-
-
- aminophylline
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- BRAND NAMES (Manufacturers)
-
- aminophylline (various manufacturers)
- Amoline (Major)
- Phyllocontin (Purdue Frederick)
- Somophyllin (Fisons)
- Somophyllin-DF (Fisons)
- Truphylline (G & W)
-
- TYPE OF DRUG
-
- Bronchodilator
-
- INGREDIENT
-
- aminophylline (theophylline as the ethylenediamine salt)
-
- DOSAGE FORMS
-
- Tablets (100 mg and 200 mg)
- Controlled-release tablets (225 mg)
- Oral liquid (105 mg per 5-ml spoonful)
- Suppositories (250 mg and 500 mg)
- Rectal solution (300 mg per 5 ml)
-
- STORAGE
-
- Aminophylline tablets, liquid, and rectal solution should be stored at
- room temperature in tightly closed containers. This medication should never
- be frozen. The suppositories should be stored in a cool place. They can be
- refrigerated if they become too soft.
-
- USES
-
- Aminophylline is used to treat breathing problems (wheezing and shortness
- of breath) caused by asthma, bronchitis, or emphysema. It relaxes the smooth
- muscles of the bronchial airways (breathing tubes), thus opening the passages
- to the lungs and allowing air to move in and out more easily.
-
- TREATMENT
-
- Aminophylline should be taken on an empty stomach, 30 to 60 minutes
- before a meal or two hours after a meal. If this medication causes stomach
- irritation, however, you can take it with food or with a full glass of water
- or milk (unless your doctor directs you to do otherwise).
- Aminophylline works best when the level of the medication in your
- bloodstream is kept constant. It is best, therefore, to take it at evenly
- spaced intervals day and night. For example, if you are to take four doses a
- day, the doses should be spaced six hours apart.
- The controlled-release tablets should be swallowed whole (if the tablet
- is scored for breaking, you can break it along these lines). Chewing,
- crushing, or crumbling the tablets destroys their sustained-release activity
- and possibly increases the side effects.
- Doses of the oral liquid should be measured carefully with a 5-ml
- measuring spoon or a cup specially designed for that purpose. Ordinary
- kitchen spoons are not accurate enough.
- To use the suppository form of this medication, remove the foil wrapper
- and moisten the suppository with water (if it is too soft to insert,
- refrigerate it for half an hour or run cold water over it before removing the
- wrapper). Lie on your left side with your right knee bent. Push the
- suppository into the rectum, pointed end first. Lie still for a few minutes.
- Try to avoid having a bowel movement for at least an hour after inserting the
- suppository. Aminophylline suppositories can be irritating to rectal tissue.
- Therefore, they should not be used for prolonged periods.
- Aminophylline rectal solution is packaged with detailed patient
- instructions. Be sure to read the instructions before using this medication.
- If crystals appear in the solution, redissolve the crystals by partially
- immersing the bottle in warm water. The syringe should be washed after each
- application. To prevent rectal irritation, do not use this solution
- continuously for longer than 24 to 36 hours.
- Try not to miss any doses of this medication. If you do miss a dose,
- take the missed dose as soon as possible, unless it is almost time for the
- next dose. In that case, do not take the missed dose at all; just return to
- your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the next dose of this medication
- unless your doctor has directed you to do so.
-
- SIDE EFFECTS
-
- Minor.
-
- Diarrhea, dizziness, feeling faint, flushing, headache, heartburn,
- increased urination, insomnia, irritability, loss of appetite, nausea,
- nervousness, stomach pain, or vomiting. These side effects should disappear
- as your body adjusts to the medication.
- If you feel dizzy or light-headed, sit or lie down for a while; get up
- slowly from a sitting or reclining position, and be careful on stairs.
-
- Major.
-
- Tell your doctor about any side effects that are persistent or
- particularly bothersome. IT IS ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT TO TELL YOUR DOCTOR about
- black, tarry stools; confusion; convulsions; difficulty in breathing; muscle
- twitches; palpitations; rash; severe abdominal pain; or unusual weakness.
-
- INTERACTIONS
-
- Aminophylline interacts with several other types of medications:
- 1. It can increase the effects (increased urination) of furosemide.
- 2. Reserpine in combination with aminophylline can cause a rapid heart
- rate.
- 3. Beta blockers (acebutolol, atenolol, labetalol, metoprolol, nadolol,
- pindolol, propranolol, and timolol) can decrease the effectiveness of
- aminophylline.
- 4. Aminophylline can increase the side effects of the following products:
- over-the-counter (nonprescription) sinus, cough, cold, asthma, allergy, and
- diet preparations; digoxin; and oral anticoagulants (blood thinners, such as
- warfarin).
- 5. Aminophylline can decrease the effectiveness of phenytoin and lithium.
- 6. Phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and rifampin can increase the
- elimination of aminophylline from the body, thus decreasing its effectiveness.
- 7. Cimetidine, erythromycin, troleandomycin, oral contraceptives (birth
- control pills), allopurinol, and thiabendazole can decrease the elimination of
- aminophylline from the body, thus increasing its side effects.
- 8. Antidiarrheal medications prevent the absorption of aminophylline.
- Therefore, at least one hour should separate doses of these two types of
- medications.
- Before starting to take aminophylline, BE SURE TO TELL YOUR DOCTOR about
- any of the medications you are currently taking, especially any of those
- listed above.
-
- WARNINGS
-
- * Tell your doctor about any unusual or allergic reactions you have had
- to medications, especially to aminophylline, theophylline, caffeine,
- dyphylline, oxtriphylline, or theobromine.
- * Tell your doctor if you now have or if you have ever had an enlarged
- prostate gland, fibrocystic breast disease, heart disease, kidney disease, low
- or high blood pressure, liver disease, stomach ulcers, or thyroid disease.
- * Cigarette or marijuana smoking may affect the action of this drug. Be
- sure to tell your doctor if you smoke. Also, do not suddenly stop smoking
- without informing your doctor.
- * High fever, diarrhea, the flu, and influenza vaccinations can affect
- the action of this drug. You should tell your doctor about episodes of high
- fever or prolonged diarrhea. Before having any vaccinations, especially those
- to prevent the flu, tell your doctor that you are taking this medication.
- * Avoid drinking large amounts of caffeine-containing beverages (coffee,
- cocoa, tea, and cola drinks) and avoid eating large amounts of chocolate.
- These products may increase the side effects of aminophylline.
- * Do not change your diet without first consulting your doctor. Eating
- charbroiled foods or a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet can affect the
- action of this drug.
- * Before having surgery or other medical or dental treatment, tell your
- doctor or dentist you are taking this drug.
- * Before taking any over-the-counter (nonprescription) asthma, allergy,
- cough, cold, sinus, or diet products, ask your doctor or pharmacist. These
- products may add to the side effects of aminophylline.
- * Be sure to tell your doctor if you are pregnant. Although
- aminophylline appears to be safe during pregnancy, studies in humans have not
- been conducted. Birth defects have been observed in the offspring of animals
- that received large doses of this drug during pregnancy. Also, tell your
- doctor if you are breast-feeding an infant. Small amounts of aminophylline
- pass into breast milk and may cause irritability, fretfulness, or insomnia in
- nursing infants.
-
- ----------------
-
- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
-