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- $Unique_ID{BRK02192}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{An Explanation of Acute Pancreatitis}
- $Subject{Acute Pancreatitis inflammation pancreas gland bile ducts gallbladder
- trauma peptic ulcers blood calcium trypsin digestive enzymes ulcer-like nausea
- vomiting abdominal pain fever rapid heart rate bloated alcohol belly
- semi-conscious state laboratory tests imaging techniques amylase blood urine
- tripsinogen hemoglobin level leucocyte count blood sugar small bowel death
- white cell count BUN blood urea nitrogen serum calcium hematocrit enzymes
- cimetidine antacids Analgesics antibiotics oxygen Tube-feeding treatment}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{
- Anatomy of the Pancreas*0016601.scf
- Diseases of the Pancreas*0016001.scf}
-
- Copyright (c) 1993 Tribune Media Services, Inc.
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- An Explanation of Acute Pancreatitis
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- QUESTION: I need one of your special run downs about a disease. Your stuff
- is better than anything in the medical advisors that cost so much to purchase.
- Can you explain acute pancreatitis to me? As you might imagine, I and my
- family have a real need for this information. Thank you.
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-
- ANSWER: Thanks for that nice compliment. Acute pancreatitis is inflammation
- of the pancreas gland, most commonly resulting from heavy drinking or disease
- of the bile ducts or gallbladder. But it can also be the result of trauma,
- peptic ulcers or a high level of blood calcium. So there are many potential
- causes, and it is difficult to diagnose.
- The end result can be mild and self-limiting or severe and fatal,
- depending on the amount of cell damage that occurs. This in turn is
- reflected in the number of signs and symptoms present. In severe cases,
- digestive enzymes in the pancreas, such as trypsin, run amok and attack and
- destroy the cells of the gland itself.
- Like some other diseases, acute pancreatitis is a "great imitator," as
- clinical symptoms vary widely. But the most common are constant ulcer-like
- abdominal pain (worsened by eating and lessened by sitting upright), nausea
- and vomiting. Mild cases might produce only abdominal pain, while severe
- cases include fever, rapid heart rate, bloated belly, and even a
- semi-conscious state.
- Because it can appear under different disguises, the only sure-fire way
- to establish a diagnosis would be to examine the gland at operation. This is
- impractical and rarely done, unless bile duct obstruction exists. Instead,
- acute pancreatitis can be differentiated from other possible imitators by
- laboratory tests and imaging techniques. A high level of amylase in the blood
- or urine is one indicator that is highly sensitive but not specific.
- To firm up the diagnosis, tests for tripsinogen, hemoglobin level,
- leucocyte count, blood sugar and others are often needed. All this tests help
- the physician obtain a clearer idea of the exact nature of the disease state.
- In addition, x-rays might help reveal suspicious secondary changes in the
- small bowel associated with the disease. Ultrasound and CT scans are helpful
- in diagnosis and management.
- The outcome of acute pancreatitis is uncertain, and the chances of death
- increase for those over 55 years with a high white cell count, high blood
- sugar, high blood urea nitrogen (BUN), high serum calcium, high hematocrit,
- and high levels of various enzymes associated with destruction of the gland.
- The anti-ulcer drug, cimetidine, and antacids are used in treatment to
- decrease acids and prevent stress ulceration. Analgesics are used to reduce
- pain and prevent spasm of the gland. But each case must be diagnosed and
- treated individually, according to specific symptoms and life-styles.
- Tube-feeding might be required; heart complications might arise, so
- oxygen is often given; washing the abdominal cavity to remove toxic material
- might be necessary; antibiotics might be needed for associated infections.
- Since alcohol only worsens the disease, it should be strictly forbidden,
- and that may help prolong your life. With careful medical management the
- mortality from acute pancreatitis is slowly decreasing. Anticipating possible
- complications and the course of the illness seems to be the best course to
- follow at present.
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- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
-