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- $Unique_ID{BRK01929}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Colon Cancer Risk Factors}
- $Subject{Colon Cancer cancers cancerous Risk risks factor Factors surgery
- surgeries disease diseases colorectal die died dead death deaths precaution
- precautions inflammatory bowel adenoma adenomas polyp polyps inherit inherited
- syndrome syndromes digital rectal examine examination examinations test tests
- testing stool feces blood sigmoidoscopy barium enema colonoscopy American
- Society benign nutrition diet diets fiber roughage}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{
- Colonoscopic View of Colon Conditions*0002803.scf
- Discussion of Colonoscopy*0002801.scf}
-
- Copyright (c) 1993 Tribune Media Services, Inc.
-
-
- Colon Cancer Risk Factors
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-
- QUESTION: My brother, age 53 and 4 years older than I am, has been found to
- have colon cancer. He will be having surgery to rid him of this disease. I
- am now worried about myself and my other younger brother and sister. Are all
- three of us likely to develop this cancer? What can we do about this? Please
- tell us what we must do try and avoid the same surgery our brother must now
- have.
-
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-
- ANSWER: Your question reflects the concern of all families faced with this
- commonly occurring cancer. More than 155,000 new cases of colorectal cancer
- are diagnosed each year, causing the deaths of more than 66,000 Americans.
- That means that 1 out of every 20 Americans will develop this disease, a
- number that has been rising over the last 20 years.
- The frequency of colorectal cancer rises sharply after the age of 40, and
- 90 percent of all cases occur in people 50 years of age or older. The
- presence of this cancer in your brother does increase the possibility that you
- may also develop the disease about threefold, and that means you must take all
- possible precautions. Other risk factors that place people at high risk are
- inflammatory bowel disease, the presence of adenomas (polyps) in the colon, or
- inherited syndromes that may or may not produce polyps in the colon. Your
- brother's doctor may be able to help you evaluate your own risk, by informing
- you of the precise nature or origin of your brother's cancer. When certain
- inherited conditions are discovered, screening procedures should be started as
- early as age 25 or 5 years younger than the earliest age at which a family
- member was diagnosed, whichever is earlier.
- Several types of screening procedures are currently available, to
- discover the presence of cancer at the earliest possible moment. They include
- a digital rectal examination, testing stool for the presence of blood,
- sigmoidoscopy, barium enema, and colonoscopy of the full colon. For people at
- average risk, the American Cancer Society recommends an annual digital rectal
- examination beginning at age 40, and flexible sigmoidoscopic examinations
- every 3-5 years after two normal annual examinations beginning at age 50.
- However, when a positive family history exists involving a first degree
- relative (like a brother) in inherited syndromes, a full colon examination
- (colonoscopy) is recommended every 5 years beginning at age 40. If polyps are
- discovered, they should be removed, for it is now generally accepted that most
- colorectal cancers develop from these benign adenomas. Reexamination in these
- cases should be performed after the third and fifth year, and colonoscopy may
- be discontinued after two consecutive examinations where no new polyps are
- found.
- Depending upon your brother's history, and the findings in your own case,
- your physician may modify these recommendations, utilizing a combination of
- screening procedures that best serve your needs. A double contrast barium
- enema is a good technique for finding new polyps or growths, but often misses
- findings in the rectum. However, a flexible sigmoidoscopy can be used to
- correct this deficiency. Incidentally, home testing for fecal blood is no
- substitute for the other screening exams, and should not form the first line
- of defense in your case.
- Recent advances in nutrition have shown that a diet high in fiber may
- reduce the possibility of developing these cancers, so consider increasing
- your consumption of fiber, or "roughage" as it was once called.
-
- ----------------
-
- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
-