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CD-ROM Today (UK) (Spanish) 15
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1994-01-17
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$Title{Glossary}
Adult-onset diabetes--Former name for non-insulin-dependent diabetes
Angiopathy--A disease of the blood vessels
Atherosclerosis--A condition in which fat and clotted blood builds up in
the large-and medium-sized arteries
Beta cells--The cells of the pancreas that produce insulin
Blood-glucose monitoring--A method of checking how much blood sugar
(glucose) is in the blood
Carbohydrate--One of the three main classes of food and a source of
energy
Cholesterol--A fatlike substance that is found in food and is made by the
body
Circulation--The flow of blood within the body
Diabetes mellitus--A disease that occurs when the body is not able to use
sugar for energy as it should Fats--One of the three main classes of foods;
can be either saturated, monunsaturated or polyunsaturated
Gestational diabetes mellitus--A type of diabetic mellitus that occurs
when a woman is pregnant
Glucagon--A hormone that raises blood-sugar levels, sometimes used to
treat insulin reactions
Glucose--A simple sugar found in the blood, serving as the body's main
source of energy
Hormone--A chemical within the body that acts as a messenger, telling
cells what to do
Hyperglycemia-- High blood-sugar levels
Hypoglycemia--Low blood-sugar levels
Insulin--The hormone the body uses to regulate blood sugar and allow it
into the cells
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus--Chronic condition where the pancreas
does not make enough insulin
Insulin reaction--Effects of too much insulin, causing very low
blood-sugar levels
lslets of Langerhans--The groups of cells within the pancreas that
contain the beta cells that make insulin
Ketoacidosis--The buildup of ketones in the blood due to poorly
controlled diabetes; can lead to coma and death
Lancet--Sharp instrument used for pricking skin
Maturity-onset diabetes--Former name for non-insulin-dependent diabetes
Nephropathy--Disease or damage of the kidneys
Neuropathy--Disease or damage of the nervous system
Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus--A form of diabetes where the
body is resistant to insulin
Oral hypoglycemic agents--Medications used to control blood-sugar levels
Pancreas--The organ that makes insulin; it is found behind and under the
stomach
Pre-eclampsia--A condition during pregnancy marked by high blood pressure
and water retention
Protein--One of the three main classes of foods
Retina--The inside layer of the back of the eyeball that senses light
Retinopathy--Disease or damage to the retina
Sugar--A type of simple carbohydrate that tastes sweet
Sulfonylureas--Oral hypoglycemic agents
Type I diabetes--Insulin-dependent diabetes
Type 11 diabetes--Non-insulin-dependent diabetes
Urine testing--Checking urine for glucose and ketones as a way of
monitoring blood-glucose levels
Vitrectomy--Removal of the clear jellylike fluid from the eye after it
has become clouded due to bleeding