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- $Unique_ID{BRK01630}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Information About Dermatomyositis}
- $Subject{dermatomyositis diagnosis Skin Subcutaneous Tissue Ill Defined
- Symptoms symptom Rare Diseases redness heat swelling muscle tissues rash
- immune reactions antigen antibody system connective Lupus sclerosis weakness
- muscles arms arm leg legs neck respiratory system serum enzyme enzymes
- muscular degeneration collagen vascular disease hyperthyroidism trichinosis
- dystrophy joints joint lung lungs heart esophagus eyes eye kidney kidneys
- prednisone rashes papule papules plasmapheresis blood plasma autoantibodies}
- $Volume{L-18, N-18, U-18}
- $Log{}
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- Copyright (c) 1991-92,1993 Tribune Media Services, Inc.
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- Information About Dermatomyositis
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- QUESTION: After a long search for answers, my condition has been identified
- as dermatomyositis. What can you tell me about this weird disease? I would
- be most grateful for any information you can provide.
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- ANSWER: Dermatomyositis is a disorder characterized by pain, redness, heat,
- and swelling of deep muscle tissue accompanied by a surface rash. And in a
- way you're right to label it a "weird" disease, because its symptoms are often
- dramatic and its cause is as yet unknown. Research indicates a strong link
- between its occurrence and immune reactions such as antigen/antibody activity
- present during infection, as well as a possible defect in the immune system
- itself. However, dermatomyositis often develops in conjunction with latent
- malignancies and other connective tissue diseases such as Lupus and sclerosis
- (a hardening and scarring of tissue), and its particular symptoms are hard to
- isolate.
- Clinically, five features tend to characterize the disorder: weakness in
- the muscles of the arms, legs, neck and respiratory system (with or without
- difficulty in swallowing), serum elevation of skeletal muscle enzymes,
- muscular degeneration identified by inserting electrodes confirmed by biopsy,
- and a severe surface rash. The rule of thumb is to label the diagnosis
- definite when three or four of these criteria and the rash are present, and
- probable when two criteria plus a rash are present.
- When only a probability of dermatomyositis exists, your physician will be
- alert to signs of other conditions which carry similar symptoms, such as other
- collagen vascular diseases, hyperthyroidism, trichinosis, drug reactions, and
- muscular dystrophy (although rash and muscle weakness in the joints are
- usually present in every case of confirmed dermatomyositis).
- Once an accurate diagnosis is made, prompt treatment can begin, since
- left untreated the disorder can injure the lungs, heart, esophagus, eyes,
- kidneys, and joints (though the incidence of these complications is somewhat
- rare.)
- Initially most patients are treated with corticosteroids, with prednisone
- the corticosteroid of choice because prednisone is not only inexpensive but
- less likely to cause further skin irritation. In fact, it can be injected
- directly into the joints or applied in creams, lotions, and ointments to
- relieve the various types of rashes and papules which erupt. Adult dosage is
- usually started at 50 to 100 mg a day and increased or decreased depending on
- degeneration or improvement of muscle strength, but we'll let your physician
- work out the best dosage schedule for your situation. The condition itself
- can last for as long as two to three years.
- If the initial course of treatment is unsuccessful, plasmapheresis is
- usually attempted. This is a method of removing a quantity of plasma from the
- blood to filter out possible immune complexes or autoantibodies which might be
- interfering with the healing process.
- With this unusual disease, as with many other disorders where the cause
- is still unclear, remaining under the care of your physician is a must. That
- is the best way to get the benefit of any new developments in both diagnosis
- and treatment which result from the constant research efforts that are always
- underway.
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- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
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