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- $Unique_ID{BRK01255}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{What Tests Are Used for a Diagnosis of Coronary Heart Disease?}
- $Subject{coronary artery disease tests circulatory system heart testing cad
- arteries clogged blocked narrowed myocardial infarction attack angina chest
- pain electrocardiogram ecg echocardiography ultrasound cardiac catheterization
- diseases test ekg infarctions}
- $Volume{G-4}
- $Log{
- Normal Electrocardiogram*0001401.scf
- Arrhythmias: Myocardial Ischemia*0001410.scf
- The Heart's Blood Supply*0008901.scf}
-
- Copyright (c) 1991-92,1993 Tribune Media Services, Inc.
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- What Tests Are Used for a Diagnosis of Coronary Heart Disease?
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- QUESTION: Could you please explain a bit about the tests that I may be facing
- with a diagnosis of coronary heart disease? Do any of them cause pain, or are
- they dangerous? I am more than a little anxious.
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-
- ANSWER: Coronary heart disease is the number one cause of death in the United
- States. It is the most common form of heart disease, and since treatment is
- based upon knowing the extent of your problem, testing is very important.
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a condition in which the muscle tissue
- of the heart is not receiving enough oxygen. The heart can not take any
- oxygen from the blood that it pumps. It gets its own supply through the
- coronary arteries, a set of arteries that encircle the heart and resemble a
- crown (coronary means crown-like). When these arteries become clogged,
- blocked or narrowed, heart tissue dies from lack of oxygen, and a myocardial
- infarction (or heart attack) occurs. Gradual narrowing or spasm of these
- arteries causes the chest pain known as angina.
- Your doctor will decide which tests to use to diagnose coronary heart
- disease based on several factors, the most important of which is your
- symptoms. If you feel chest pain on exertion or if you've suffered a heart
- attack, your doctor will probably have you undergo several tests. Tests for
- CAD fall into two general categories, noninvasive and invasive. Noninvasive
- testing means that, except for some injections, nothing enters your body.
- Invasive testing means that a catheter (a very small tube) is placed into a
- vein or artery and used to inject a contrast medium (which shows up on x-ray),
- or to measure pressures in the vessel. Invasive tests are more reliable than
- noninvasive tests, but they are more expensive and carry some risk.
- Noninvasive tests include stress or exercise testing, where you walk or
- run on a treadmill while an electrocardiogram (ECG) is taken. Your doctor
- will evaluate how your ECG changes as exercise stresses your heart. This is
- an easy, relatively inexpensive test and will probably be the first you
- undergo.
- You may need additional tests that can give more information about the
- condition of your heart. Some of these tests require an injection with small
- amounts of radioactive materials. The amount of radioactivity is very low and
- passes out of your body quickly.
- In exercise echocardiography, your doctor will look at an ultrasound
- picture of your heart as you exercise. Ultrasound works on the same principle
- that sonar does and is quite safe.
- Based on results from noninvasive tests, your physician may ask you to
- undergo an invasive test for CAD. The most common one is cardiac
- catheterization. A catheter is placed in a small blood vessel and, under
- local anesthesia, is snaked along into your heart, where a great deal of
- information about the way your heart pumps blood can be gathered. This
- procedure is considered a minor operation and has some risks, but gives your
- doctor the best information about your coronary arteries.
- It may seem like a long and complicated process, and it is. Expensive
- too. But it provides all the necessary information that helps the physician
- help you choose the right therapy to fight your heart disease.
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- ----------------
-
- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
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-