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1. �������� �� ��������� ����� ������ ���������. ���. M. Halbwachs, Les cadres sociaux de la mémoire (Paris, 1925); La mémoire collective (Paris, 1950); La topographie legendaire des Evangiles en Terre Sainte (Paris, 1941); �La mémoire collective chez les musiciens�, Revue Philosophique, 127 (1939), pp. 136-65. � ����� ������ ����� ������� ����� � ���� ��������� ����������: E. Shils, Tradition (London, 1981); Z. Bauman, Memories of Class (London, 1982); E. Hobsbawm and T. Ranger (eds.), The Invention of Tradition (Cambridge, 1983); P. Nora, Les lieux de la mémoire (Paris, 1984); R. Boyers, Atrocity and Amnesia. The Political Novel since 1945 (Oxford, 1985); B. A. Smith, Politics and Remembrance (Princeton, 1985); P. Wright, On Living in an Old Country (London, 1985); D. Lowenthal, The Past is a Foreign Country (Cambridge, 1985); F. Haug, Female Sexualization: A Collective Work of Memory (tr. E. Carter, London, 1987).

2. ֳ��� ��������� �� ��������-��������� ������� ��� �������������� ����� ������, ���������, � H. Schiller, Mass Media and American Empire (New York, 1969); The Mind Managers (Boston, 1973); Communication and Cultural Domination (New York, 1977); Information and the Crisis Economy (Oxford, 1986); ��� ����� �������� ����� �� �����: A. Mattelart, Multinational Corporations and the Control of Culture (tr. M. Chanan, Brighton, 1979).

3. ���. F. Jameson, The Political Unconscious (Ithaca, 1981).

4. M. Proust, Remembrance of Things Past (tr. C. K. Scott Moncrieff and T. Kilmartin, London, 1981), vol. 1, p. 20.

5. M. Proust, Remembrance of Things Past, vol. 111, pp. 1007-9.





1. ��������� ������


1. ����� � ����� ��������� ���� ������������� ������������� � R. Koselleck, �Der neuzeitliche Revolutionsbegriff als geschichtliche Kategorie�, Studium Generale, 22 (1969), pp. 825-38.

2. ���. T. Schieder, �Das Problem der Revolution im 19. Jahrhundert�,

Historische Zeitschrift, 170 (1950), p. 233-71; G. Steiner, �The Great Ennui�, in In the Bluebeard�s Castle: Some Notes Towards the Redefinition of Culture (London, 1971), pp. 11-27. /162/

3. I. Kant, �Der Streit der Fakultäten� (1778), Philosophische Bibliothek, 252, p. 87.

4. ���� ������� ������� �� ��������� ������-���������� ���. O. Kirchheimer, Political Justice: the Use of Legal Procedure for Political Ends (Princeton, 1961), pp. 304ff.

5. A. Camus, The Rebel (tr. A. Bower, London, 1953), p. 112.

6. ���� �������� � �������� �� ����� ��������� �������� �� ������� ������ ������ ���. M. Walzer, Regicide and Revolution (Cambridge, 1974).

7. ���� �������� �����㳿 ������������ ������ ���, �������, E. H. Kantorowicz, The King�s Two Bodies: a Study in Medieval Political Theology (Princeton, 1957); M. Bloch, The Royal Touch: Sacred Monarchy and Scrofula in England and France (tr. J. E. Anderson, London, 1973); L. Hunt, Politics, Culture, and Class in the French Revolution (Berkeley, 1984); ����� ���. F. Kern, Kingship and Law in the Middle Ages (New York, 1970); M. Walzer, Regicide and Revolution (Cambridge, 1974).

8. ���. M. Walzer, Regicide and Revolution, p. 18.

9. ���� ��������� ���. M. Bakhtin, Rabelais and his World (tr. H. Iswolsky, Cambridge, Mass., 1968), pp. 196-277; ���� ��������� ������������� ���, ������� �������, ���. P. Stallybrass and A. White, The Politics and Poetics of Transgression (London, 1986).

10. ���� ������� ����� �� ���� ���������� ��������� ���. Sennett, The Fall of Public Man (Cambridge, 1975), pp. 183 ff.

11. ���. Sennett, The Fall of Public Man (Cambridge, 1975), pp. 64-72.

12. ���. M. Oakeshott, Rationalism in Politics (London, 1962), p. 119.

13. ���� ������ ��� ���������� �� ����� ���., �������, E. D. Hirsch, Validity in Interpretation (New Haven, 1967). �������� ����� ��� ��� ����� ������ � G. Buck, �The Structure of Hermeneutic Experience and the Problem of Tradition�, New Literary History, 10 (1978), pp. 31-48.

14. ���. R. Collingwood, The Idea of History (Oxford, 1946), �������, pp. 266ff; J. Goldstein, Historical Knowledge (Austin, Texas, 1976), �������, ��. 13-16, 52-9.

15. ���. F. Gabrieli, �The Arabic Historiography of the Crusades,� in B. Lewis and P. M. Holt (eds.), Historians of the Middle East (London, 1962), pp. 98-107; B. Lewis, History: Remembered, Recorded, Invented (Princeton, 1975); E. Sivan, �Modern Arab Historiography of the Crusades�, Asian and African Studies, 8 (1972), pp. 102-49.

16. ���., ���������, A. Kohli-Kunz, Erinnern und Vergessen (Berlin, 1972); J. Ritter, �Die Aufgabe der Geisteswissenschaften in der modernen Gesellschaft�, Schriften der Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Westfalischen Wilhelms-Universität zu Münster, Heft 51 (Münster, 1961).

17. ���., �������, F. Meinecke, Historism: the Rise of a New Historical Outlook (tr. J. E. Anderson, London, 1972); P. H. Reill, The German Enlightenment and the Rise of Historicism (Berkeley, 1975); ����� /163/ ���. LBerlin, Vico and Herder (London, 1976) �� P. Rossi, �The Ideological Valencies of Twentieth-Century Historicism�, History and Theory, Beiheft 14 (1975).

18. ���� �������� ���� � ��������� ���������� ����� ���. R. Sennett, ������� �����.

19. M. Proust, Remembrance of Things Past, (tr. C. K. Scott Moncrieff and T. Kilmartin, Harmondsworth, 1981), vol. 1, p. 62.

20. ���� ����� � ��������� ���� ���. J. Berger, Pig Earth (London, 1979). ����� ��� ���������, �� � ������ �������� ����������� ��������� �� ���� ���������� ������� ����� � ������� ����������� �� ������������� ��������, ���������� ����������� ���������� � ��������� ������, ����������� ������ ����������� ������ ����� ��, �� ���� ���� ����� ������������ �� ��������, ���������� ���������. ���. C. Bell and H. Newby, Community Studies: an Introduction to the Sociology of the Local Community (London, 1971); J. Boissevain and J. Friedl (eds.), Beyond Community: Social Process in Europe (The Hague, 1975); J. Ennew, The Western Isles Today (Cambridge, 1980); S. H. Franklin, Rural Societies (London, 1971); A. Macfarlane, with S. Harrison and C. Jardine, Reconstructing Historical Communities (Cambridge, 1977), ���� ���� ��� ��������; R. Schulte, �Village Life in Europe�, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 27 (1985), pp. 195-206.

21. ���� ����������� ��������� �������, ����������� �� ��������� �������� ��� ���������� �������� ��� ��������� �������, ���. J. Chesneaux, Pasts and Futures, or, What is History For? (London, 1978).

22. ���. H. Butterfield, The Discontinuities Between the Generations in History (Cambridge, 1972).

23. ���. T. Schieder, �Das Problem der Revolution im 19. Jahrhundert�, Historishce Zeitschrift, 170 (1950), pp. 233-71.

24. ���. J. Joll, 1914: The Unspoken Assumptions (London, 1968).

25. S. Terkel, Working: people talk about what they do all day and how they feel about what they do (London, 1975).

26. P. Fussell, The Great War and Modern Memory (New York, 1975).

27. C. Levi, Christ Stopped at Eboli (tr. F. Frenaye, London, 1963), pp. 130 ff. � �������.

28. � ������� ��������� �������������� ��������� ��� ��䳿, ��������� � ��������� ����������, ���. A. Macintyre, After Virtue (London, 1981), pp. 190-201.

29. ��������, ����� ���������, �� ������� �������� ���� ����� �����, � ���� ������������ ������� ��������� �����: E. Shils, Tradition (London, 1981); Z. Bauman, Memories of Class: Pre-History and After Life of Class (London, 1982); S. Nora, Les lieux de la mémoire (Paris, 1984); B. A. Smith, Politics and Remembrance (Princeton, 1985); P. Wright, On Living in an Old Country (London, /164/ 1985); F. Haug, Female Sexualization: a Collective Work of Memory (tr. E. Carter, London, 1987).

30. ���� �������� ����� ���. R. Wollheim, The Thread of Life (Cambridge, 1984); S. Shoemaker, �Persons and Their Past�, American Philosophical Quarterly, 7 (1970), 269-85.

31. ���. C. B. Martin and M. Deutscher, �Remembering�, The Philosophical Review, 75 (1966), pp. 161-96; D. Wiggins, Identity and Spatio-Temporal Continuity (Oxford, 1967), pp. 50 ff., �������.

32. ���. H. Bergson, Matter and Memory (tr. N. M. Paul and W. S. Palmer, London, 1962).

33. B. Russell, The Analysis of Mind (London, 1921), pp. 166 ff.

34. A. R. Luria, The Man with a Shattered World (tr. L. Solotaroff, London, 1973).

35. ���. J. Laplanche and J. B. Pontalis, The Language of Psychoanalysis (tr. D. Nicholson-Smith, London, 1973).

36. S. Freud, �Remembering, Repeating and Working Through� (1914), Standard Edition, XII, pp. 147-56.

37. ���� ��� �������� � ���������� ���. M. Sherwood, The Logic of Explanation in Psychoanalysis (New York, 1969); D. P. Spence, Historical Truth and Narrative Truth: Meaning and Interpretation in Psychoanalysis (New York, 1982).

38. � ����� ������ ���., �������, F. C. Bartlett, Remembering (Cambridge, 1932); J. Piaget and B. Inhelder, Memory and Intelligence (tr. A. J. Pomerans, London, 1973); A. Lieury, La mémoire, résultats et théories (Bruxelles, 1975).

39. ���� ��������� ����糿 ���. M. Merleau-Ponty, Phenomenology of Perception (tr. C. Smith, London, 1962).

40. P. Winch, The Idea of a Social Science (London, 1958).

41. Ibid., pp. 57ff.

42. ���. M. Oakeshott, Rationalism in Politics (London, 1962), pp. 61-9 �� 119-29, �������.

43. P. Winch, Idea of a Social Science, p. 58.

44. Ibid., pp. 59-60.

45. ��� ������� ������ ������, ���. C. Taylor, �Interpretation and the Sciences of Man�, in Philosophy and the Human Sciences, volume II (Cambridge, 1985), pp. 23ff.

46. ���. M. Sahlins, �La Pensee Bourgeoise: Western Society as Culture�, in Culture and Practical Reason (Chicago, 1976), pp. 166-204.

47. ���. A. Martinet, Elements de linguistique générate (Paris, 1960).

48. ���. H. E. Roberts, �The Exquisite Slave: the Role of Clothes in the Making of the Victorian Woman�, Signs, 2 (1977), pp. 554-69.

49. ���. M. Halbwachs, Les cadres sociaux de la mémoire (Paris, 1925); Halbwachs, La mémoire collective (Paris, 1950); ���. ����� ���� ������: La topographie ligendaire des evangiles en terre sainte: Etude de mimoire collective (Paris, 1941); �La mémoire collective chez les musiciens�, Revue Philosophique, 127 (1939), pp. 136-65. /165/

50. M. Halbwachs, Les cadres sociaux de la mémoire (Paris, 1925), p. 392.

51. Ibid., p. 358.

52. Ibid., pp. 233-4.

53. ���. M. Bloch, The Historian�s Craft (tr. R. Putnam, Manchester, 1954), pp. 40-1; ��� ��������� (������� 1925 �.) ���. M. Bloch, �Mémoire collective, tradition et coutume�, Revue de Synthese Historique, 40 (1925), pp. 73-83.

54. �� ������������ ���� ���� � �������� 򳺿 �� �������, �� ���������� ��� ���� ������ � ����������� �����������, ���., �������, D. Fabre and J. Lacroix, La Tradition orale du conte occitan (Paris, 1974), volume I, esp. pp. 111-15.







2. ��������� ���������� �����


1. ���������� ��� ������� ��������-��������� ���. H. T. Barden, The Nuremberg Party Rallies, 1929-39 (London, 1967); J. P. Stern, Hitler: The Fuhrer and the People (London, 1975); K. Vondung, Magie und Manipulation, Ideologischer Kult und politische Religion des Nationalsozialismus (Gottingen, 1971).

2. S. Lukes, �Political Ritual and Social Integration�, Sociology, 9 (1975), pp. 289-308, p. 291, �������.

3. ��� �������� �� ����� ������� � ������ ���� ������ �������

���������� ��������� ���. C. Geertz, �Religion as a Cultural System�, in D. Cutler, (ed.), The Religious Situation (New York, 1968), pp. 639-87.

4. ���������� ��� ��������� ������ ���. B. S. Childs, Memory and Tradition in Israel (London, 1962); I. Elbogen, Der jüdische Gottesdienst in seiner geschichtlichen Entwicklung (Hildesheim, 1962); N. N. Glatzer (ed.), The Passover Haggadah (New York, 1969); A. Z. Idelson, Jewish Liturgy and its Development (New York, 1967); B. Lewis, History: Remembered, Recorded, Invented (Princeton, 1975), pp. 47-8; S. Mowinckel, Religion und Kultus (Gottingen, 1953); J. Pederson, Israel, its Life and Culture (Oxford, 1940); J. Petuchowski, Contributions to the Scientific Study of the Jewish Liturgy (New York, 1970).

5. ���������� ��� ������������ ������ ���. O. Casel, The Mystery of Christian Worship (ed. B. Neunheuser, London, 1962); F. Clark, Eucharistic Sacrifice and the Reformation (Oxford, 1967); Y. M. -J. Congar, Tradition and Traditions (tr. M. Naseby and T. Rainborough, London, 1966); R. Guardini, The Church and the Catholic, and the Spirit of the Liturgy (tr. A. Lane, London, 1935); J. A. Jungmann, Liturgische Erneuerung Rückblick und Ausblick (Kevalaer, 1962); J. A. Jungmann, The Liturgy of the World (tr. H. E. Winstone, London, 1966).

6. ���������� ��� ������������ ����� ���. G. E. Von Grunebaum, Muhammadan Festivals (New York, 1951) and B. Lewis, History: Remembered, Recorded, Invented (Princeton, 1975), p. 49. /166/

7. ���. S. Freud, Totem and Taboo, in Standard Edition, vol. XII (tr. J. Strachey, with A. Freud, assisted by A. Strachey and A. Tyson, London, 1953-66). ���� �������� ������������� ������� ���. P. Ricoeur, �Psychoanalysis and the Movement of Contemporary Culture� in P. Rabinow and W. M. Sullivan (eds.), Interpretive Social Science (Berkeley, 1979), pp. 301-9.

8. R. Wollheim, The Sheep and the Ceremony (Cambridge, 1979).

9. E. Durkheim, The Elementary Forms of Religious Life (tr. J. W. Swain, London, 1915), p. 225.

10. � ������� ������������� ��������� ��������� �� ���������� ��������� ������� ���. E. Shils and M. Young, �The Meaning of the Coronation�, Sociological Review, n. s. 1 (1953), pp. 63-81; L. Warner, The Living and the Dead: A Study of the Symbolic Life of Americans (New Haven, 1959).

11. � ������� ������������ ��������� ������� �� ������ ������������ �������� ���. N. Birnbaum, �Monarchies and Sociologists: a Reply to Professor Shils and Mr. Young�, Sociological Review, n. s. 3 (1955), pp. 5-23; C. Geertz, �Centers, Kings, and Charisma: Reflections on the Symbolism of Power�, in J. Ben-David and T. N. Clark (eds.), Culture and its Creators, Essays in Honor of Edward Shils (Chicago, 1977), pp. 150-71; S. Lukes, �Political Ritual and Social Integration�, Sociology, 9 (1975), pp. 289-308.

12. M. Bakhtin, Rabelais and his World (tr. H. Iswolsky, Cambridge, Mass., 1968), pp. 196-277.

13. ���������� ��� ����� ����� �� ������������� ������ � ������� ���. D. Cannadine, �The Context, Performance and Meaning of Ritual: the British Monarchy and the �Invention of Tradition�, c. 1820-1977�, in E. Hobsbawm and T. Ranger (eds.), The Invention of Tradition (Cambridge, 1983), pp. 101-64, 104-8, �������.

14. � ������ �������� ��������� ������� �� ���� ������ ������� ���� ���., �������: S. Anglo, Spectacle, Pageantry and Early Tudor Policy (Oxford, 1969); D. M. Bergeron, English Civic Pageantry, 1558 � 1642 (London, 1971); P. Burke, Popular Culture in Early Modern Europe (London, 1978); R. E. Giesey, The Royal Funeral Ceremony in Renaissance France (Geneva, 1960); E. Muir, Civic Ritual in Renaissance Venice (Princeton, 1981); S. Orgel, The Illusion of Power: Political Theater in the English Renaissance (Berkeley, 1975); R. Strong, Splendour at Court: Renaissance Spectacle and Illusion (London, 1973); F. A. Yates, The Valois Tapestries (London, 1959).

15. ����� �����, � ���� ������������� �������� ������� ������� ����, �������, �������: E. Hobsbawm and T. Ranger (eds.), The Invention of Tradition (Cambridge, 1983); � ����� � M. Agulhon, �Esquisse pour une archeologie de la republique: l�allegorie civique feminine�, Annales, 28 (1973), pp. 5-34; Agulhon, Marianne into Battle: Republican Imagery and Symbolism in France, 17891880 (tr. /167/ J. Lloyd, Cambridge, 1981); R. Bocock, Ritual in Industrial Society (London, 1974); G. Kernodle, From Art to Theater (Chicago, 1944); C. Lane, The Rites of Rulers: Ritual in Industrial Society the Soviet Case (Cambridge, 1981); G. L. Mosse, �Caesarism, Circuses and Monuments�, Journal of Contemporary History, 6 (1971), pp. 167-82; G. L. Mosse, �Mass Politics and the Political Liturgy of Nationalism�, in E. Kamenka (ed.), Nationalism: the Nature and Evolution of an Ideal (London, 1976), pp. 39-54; M. Novak, Choosing our King (New York, 1974); C. Rearick, �Festivals and Politics: The Michelet Centennial of 1898�, in W. Laqueur and G. L. Mosse (eds.), Historians in Politics (London, 1974), pp. 59-78; C. Rearick, �Festivals in Modern France: the Experience of the Third Republic�, Journal of Contemporary History, 12 (1977), pp. 435-60; R. Samson, �La fête de Jeanne d�Arc en 1894: controverse et célébration�, Revue d�Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine, 20 (1973), pp. 444-63; L. Warner, The Living and the Dead: a Study of the Symbolic Life of Americans (New Haven, 1959).

16. ���� ���������� �������� �� ���� ������ ��������� �� ͳ������� �� ���� ³�������� II ���. E. Hobsbawm, �Mass-Producing Traditions: Europe, 1870-1914�, in E. Hobsbawm and T. Ranger (eds.), The Invention of Tradition (Cambridge, 1983), pp. 263-307, ������� 269ff. �� 273ff., � ����� � T. Nipperdey, �Nationalidee und Nationaldenkmal in Deutschland im 19. Jahrhundert�, Historische Zeitschrift, 208 (1968), 529-85.

17. ���. B. Lewis, History: Remembered, Recorded, Invented (Princeton, 1975), pp. 3-41.

18. E. Leach, �Ritualisation in Man in Relation to Conceptual and Social Development�, in J. Huxley (ed.), Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, vol. 251 (1966), �������, pp. 405-6.

19. ���. R. A. Rappaport, �The Obvious Aspects of Ritual�, Cambridge Anthropology, 2 (1974), p. 32.

20. � ������� ������ ��������� �������� ���. P. Ricoeur, Interpretation Theory: Discourse and the Surplus of Meaning (Fort Worth, 1976). ���������� ��� ���� � ����������� ������������ ��� ��� ������ ���. �. von Fritz, Antike und moderne Tragödie (Berlin, 1962), pp. 113ff.; ���� ��� ��� ������� ���. G. Steiner, Antigones (Oxford, 1984); ���������� ��� ��, �� ��� ��������������� � �������� �������, � ������� ��� ������������� ��� ��� ��������, ���. H. Blumenberg, Work on Myth (tr. R. M. Wallace, Cambridge, Mass., 1985).

21. ���. A. Baumstark, �Das Gesetz der Erhaltung des Alten in liturgisch hochwertiger Zeit�, Jahrbuch für Liturgiewissenschaft, 7 (1927), pp. 1-23.

22. ���. A. Z. Idelson, Jewish Liturgy and its Development (New York, 1932), p. 310; W. Leslav, Falasha Anthology. The Black Jews of Ethi-/168/opia (New York, 1951), p. 124; S. Strizower, The Children of Israel. The Beni Israel of Bombay (Oxford, 1971), p. 14.

23. � ����� ������� �� ������� ���������� ��� ���������� �� � ������� �� ���� ��������� ������: M. Bloch, �Symbols, Song, Dance and Features of Articulation�, Archives Europeennes de Sociologie, 15 (1974), pp. 55-81; � ����� R. A. Rappaport, �The Obvious Aspects of Ritual�, Cambridge Anthropology, 2 (1974), pp. 3-68. Pan������ �������� �� ���� ��� � ��� ���� ������: �Ritual, Sanctity and Cybernetics�, American Anthropologist, 73 (1971), pp. 59-76; �The Sacred in Human Evolution�, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 2 (1971), pp. 23-44; �Liturgy and Lies�, International Yearbook for Sociology of Knowledge and Religion, 10 (1976), pp. 75-104; �Concluding Comments on Ritual and Reflexivity�, Semiotica, 30 (1980), pp. 181-93. ��������� �������� �� ���� ����������� ���� ������� ���. �����: A. F. C. Wallace, Religion: an Anthropological View (New York, 1966); V. Turner, The Forest of Symbols (Ithaca, 1967); Turner, The Ritual Process (Chicago, 1969); Turner, Dramas, Fields and Metaphors (Ithaca, 1974); J. Skorupsky, Symbol and Theory: a Philosophical Study of Theories of Religion in Social Anthropology (Cambridge, 1976); S. J. Tambiah, �A Performative Approach to Ritual�, Proceedings of the British Academy, 65 (1979), pp. 113-69.

24. ���������� ��� ������� ���������������� (�������������), ���. J. L. Austin, How to do Things with Words (Oxford, 1962); Austin, �Performative Utterances�, in Philosophical Papers, nd ed., J. O. Urmson and G. T. Warnock (eds.) (Oxford, 1970); J. R. Searle, Speech. Acts (Cambridge, 1968). ���� ���������� ������� ���� ��������� � ���� ������ ���. R. Finnegan, �How to do Things with Words: Performative Utterances among the Limba of Sierra Leone�, Man, 4 (1969), pp. 537-51; J. Ladriere, �The Performativity of Liturgical Language�, Concilium, 2 (1973), pp. 50-62; H. Lavondes, �Magie et langage�, L�Homme, 3 (1963), pp. 109-17; S. J. Tambiah, �A Performative Approach to Ritual�, Proceedings of the British Academy, 65 (1979), pp. 113-69.

25. ���. G. van der Leeuw, Religion in Essence and Manifestation (tr. J. E. Turner, Gloucester, Mass., 1967), pp. 405-11, �������.

26. ���� �������, �� ���������� ����� ���, �� ����� ���� ���������� ��������/������������, ����� ������ � �. ����� �� �. ����������.

27. R. Jakobson, �Grammatical Parallelism and its Russian Facet�, Language, 42 (1966), p. 399.

28. ���������� ��� ���������� ��������� ���., �������: J. J. Fox, �On Binary Categories and Primary Symbols�, in R. Willis (ed.), The Interpretation of Symbolism (London, 1975), pp. 99-132; Fox, �Roman Jakobson and the Comparative Study of Parallelism�, in D. Armstrong and C. H. van Schooneveld (eds.), Roman Jakobson. /169/ Echoes of his Scholarship (Lisse, 1977), pp. 59-90; ���. ����� � L. I. Newman and W. Popper, Studies in Biblical Parallelism (California, 1918-23); S. Gevirtz, Patterns in the Early Poetry of Israel (Chicago, 1963); G. A. Reichard, Prayer: The Compulsive Word (Seattle, 1944); W. Steinitz, Der Parallelismus in der finnisch=karelischen Volksdichtung (Helsinki, 1934).

29. M. Bloomfield, Rig-Veda Repetitions (Cambridge, Mass., 1916), p. 5.

30. ���������� ��� ��� ������ ������� ���., �������, M. Bloch, �Symbols, Song, Dance and Features of Articulation�, Archives Europeennes de Sociologie, 15 (1974), pp. 55-81.

31. P. de Man, �Literary History and Literary Modernity�, Daedalus, 99 (1970), pp. 384-404.

32. Ibid., pp. 388-9.

33. ���. H. Lefebvre, Everyday Life in the Modern World (tr. S. Rabinovitch, London, 1971). � ������� ��������� �������������� �� ����� ���. FJameson, �The Cultural Logic of Capital�, New Left Review, 146 (1984), pp. 53-93.

34. T. Mann, �Freud and the Future�, tr. H. T. Lowe-Porter, in P. Meisel (ed.), Freud (Englewood Cliffs, N. J., 1981), pp. 45-60.

35. ���. S. Zukin, �Ten Years of the New Urban Sociology�, Theory and Society, 9 (1980), pp. 575-601.

36. �������� ����� ���� ��� ���, ����������� �������� ���, ���. � �����: M. Berman, All that is Solid Melts into Air (New York, 1982); ������� �� ������ �. ������� ���. � �����: P. Anderson, �Modernity and Revolution�, New Left Review, 144 (1984), pp. 96-113.

37. ���� ������������ ���������� ���. H. Hubert and M. Mauss, �La representation du temps dans la religion et la magie�, Melanges d�Histoire des Religions (Paris, 1909), pp. 189-229; M. Eliade, The Myth of Eternal Return (New York, 1954); Eliade, The Sacred and the Profane (New York, 1959); Eliade, Myth and Reality (New York, 1963); R. Caillois, L�Homme et le sacre (Paris, 1950); G. Dumezil, �Temps et mythes�, Recherches Philosophiqu. es, 5 (1935-6), pp. 235-51; R. Marchal, �Le retour eternal�, Archives Philosophiques, 3 (1925), pp. 55-91.

38. A. J. Wensinck, �The Semitic New Year and the Origin of Eschatologe�, Acta Orientalia, I (Lund, 1923), pp. 158-99.

39. H. Hubert and M. Mauss, �La representation du temps dans la religion et la magie�, Melanges d�Histoire des Religions (Paris, 1909) p. 206.

40. ���. S. J. Tambiah, �The Magical Power of Words�, Man, 3 (1968), pp. 175-208.

41. M. Bloch, �Symbols, Song, Dance and Features of Articulation�, Archives Europeennes de Sociologie, 15 (1974), pp. 77-8.

42. R. Caillois, Man, Play, and Games (tr. M. Barash, London, 1962) pp. 108-9.

43. D. Forde, The Ethnography of the Yuma Indians (Berkeley, 1931). /170/

44. ���. E. Canetti, Crowds and Power (tr. C. Stewart, London, 1962), pp. 313-14.

45. L. Lévy-Bruhl, Primitives and the Supernatural (tr. L. A. Clare, New York, 1973), pp. 123-4.

46. ���������� ��� ����� ���� ���. E. Canetti, Crowds and Power, pp. 171-81.

47. ���������� ��� ����� ����㳿 �� ������ ��������� ���. J. Danielou, The Bible and the Liturgy (London, 1956).





3. ҳ����� ��������


1. ���. M. Mead, Continuities in Cultural Evolution (New Heaven, 1964), pp. 45-6, �������.

2. ���������� ��� ���� �������� ����� ���. E. Straus, Essays in Phenomenological Psychology (London, 1966), pp. 137-65.

3. ���. G. Lakoff and M. Johnson, Metaphors We Live By (New York, 1980), pp. 15-20, 56-7, �������.

4. ���. P. Ricoeur, Interpretation Theory: Discourse and the Surplus of Meaning (Fort Worth, 1976), pp. 42ff.

5. � ������� ������ ������ �� ��������� ������ ���., �������: J. Goody, The Domestication of the Savage Mind (Cambridge, 1977); J. Goody and I. P. Watt, �The Consequences of Literacy�, Comparative Studies in History and Society, 5 (1963), pp. 304-45; J. Goody, �Literacy and the Non-Literate�, in R. Disch (ed.), The Future of Literacy (Englewood Cliffs, 1973); J. Goody, �Mémoire et apprentissage dans les sociétés avec et sans écriture: la transmission du Bagre�, L�Homme, 17 (1977), pp. 29-52; ���. ����� � E. L. Eisenstein, �Some Conjectures about the Impact of Printing on Western Society and Thought�, Journal of Modern History, 40 (1968), pp. 1-56; I. J. Gelb, A Study of Writing (Chicago, 1952); E. A. Havelock, Origins of Western Literacy (Toronto, 1976); Havelock, �The Preliteracy of the Greeks�, New Literary History, 8 (1977), pp. 369-92; Havelock, The Literate Revolution in Greece and its Cultural Consequences (Princeton, 1982).

6. � ������� ������ ����� �� �������� ���., �������: M. Jousse, �Etudes de psychologie linguistique. Le style oral rhythmique et mnemotechnique chez les verbo-moteurs�, Archives de Philosophie, vol. II, 4 (1924), pp. 1-240; � ����� E. A. Havelock, Preface to Plato (Cambridge, Mass., 1963).

7. � ������� ������������ �� ����������� ����������� ���. J. Goody and I. P. Watt, �The Consequences of Literacy�, Comparative Studies in History and Society, 5 (1963), pp. 304-45.

8. ���������� ��� ������ �� ������-������ ���. S. Butler, Life and Habit (London, 1878), pp. 6-7.

9. M. Foucault, Discipline and Punish. The Birth of the Prison (tr. A. Sheridan, London, 1977), p. 152. /171/

10. ���������� ��� ����������� �� ���������� ���. C. Metz, Le Signifiant imaginaire (Paris, 1977).

11. D. Efron, Gesture and Environment (New York, 1941).

12. A. di Jorio, La Mimica degli Antichi Investigata nel Gestire Napoletano (Napoli, 1832).

13. K. Sittl, Die Gebdrden der Griechen und Romer (Leipzig, 1890).

14. D. Erasmus, De civilitate morum puerilium (Basel, 1530).

15. N. Elias, The Civilizing Process (tr. E. Jephcott, London, 1978).

16. ���������� ��� ��������� ���������� ���. P. Bourdieu, Distinction (tr. R. Nice, London, 1984).

17. Comte de Saint-Simon, Projets de Gouvernement du Due de Bourgogne (1714 � 15), ed. P. Mesnard (Paris, 1860) �� Mémoires (London, 1788).

18. ���. R. Mousnier, Social Hierarchies: 1450 to the Present (tr. P. Evans, London, 1973); R. Mousnier, Les Institutions de la France sous la monarchie absolue, 1598 � 1789 (Paris, 1974).

19. M. Proust, Remembrance of Things Past (tr. C. K. Scott Moncrieff and T. Kilmartin, London, 1981), vol. III, p. 1006.

20. La Roque, Traite de la Noblesse (Paris, 1735), Preface, �������� � Mousnier (1974), p. 101.

21. La Bruyere, Characters (tr. J. Stewart, Harmondsworth, 1970), p. 133.

22. M. Foucault, Power/Knowledge (selected interviews and other writings, ed. and tr. C. Gordon, Brighton, 1980), p. 147.

23. ���. R. Hatton, �Louis XIV. At the Court of the Sun King�, in A. G. Dickens (ed.), The Courts of Europe: Politics, Patronage and Royalty, 1400 � 1800 (London, 1977), pp. 233-62.

24. ���������� ��� ��������� ����������� ������� ���. P. Bourdieu, Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste (tr. R. Nice, London, 1984).

25. M. Proust, Remembrance of the Things Past (tr. C. K. Scott Moncrieff and T. Kilmartin, London, 1981), vol. 1, pp. 791-2.

26. � ������� �������� �� �������� � ����������� ���. ���� ����� ϒ��� ������, �������: P. Bourdieu, �Remarques provisoires sur la perception du corps�, Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales, 14 (1977), pp. 51-4; Bourdieu, �La production de la croyance: contribution a une economie des biens symboliques�, Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales, 13 (1977), pp. 3-44; P. Bourdieu and J. C. Passeron, Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture (tr. R. Nice, London, 1977); Bourdieu, Outline of a Theory of Practice (tr. R. Nice, London, 1977); Bourdieu, Distinction (tr. R. Nice, London, 1984).

27. D. Sudnow, Ways of the Hand: the Organization of Improvised Conduct (London, 1978), pp. 30-3.

28. Ibid., pp. 12-13.

29. W. Dewey, Human Nature and Conduct: an Introduction to Social Psychology (London, 1922), pp. 24-5. /172/

30. M. Merleau-Ponty, Phenomenology of Perception (tr. C. Smith, London, 1962), p. 144.

31. ��������� ����� ����� ����������� ������� � ����� ������������ �� �������� � H. -G. Gadamer, Truth and Method (London, 1975); E. Betti, �Zur Grundlegung einer allgemeinen Auslegungslehre�, in Festschrift fur Ernst Rabel (Tubingen, 1954), vol. 11, pp. 79-168; E. Betti, Allgemeine Auslegungslehre als Methodik der Geisteswissenschaften (Tubingen, 1967).

32. ���. P. Ricoeur, Hermeneutics and the Human Sciences (tr. J. B. Thompson, Cambridge, 1981), p. 91.

33. � ������� �����㳿 �� �������� �� ���������� ������������� ���. E. Betti, �Zur Grundlegung einer allgemeinen Auslegungslehre�, in Festschrift für Ernst Rabel (Tübingen, 1954), vol. 11, p. 145; J. Wach, Das Verstehen (Hildesheim, 1966), vol. II, pp. 60-1, 183ff.

34. ���������� ��� ������������ ������������� ��������� ����� ���. P. Koschaker, Europa und das Römische Recht (München, 1966); Q. Skinner, The Foundations of Modern Political Thought (Cambridge, 1978), vol. 1, pp. 9-12.

35. ���������� ��� ���������-�������� � �������� ��������� ����� ���. D. R. Kelley, �Legal Humanism and the Sense of History�, Studies in the Renaissance, 13 (1966), pp. 184-99; Kelley, Foundations of Modern Historical Scholarship: Language, Law and History in the French Renaissance (New York, 1970); Kelley, �Vera Philosophia: the Philosophical Significance of Renaissance Jurisprudence�, The Journal of the History of Philosophy, 14 (1976), pp. 267-79; Q. Skinner, I, pp. 105-6, II, 269-72, 290-3.

36. ���������� ��� ������������ ������������� ���볿 ���. W. Schwarz, Principles and Problems of Biblical Translation (Cambridge, 1955); Q. Skinner, The Foundations of Modern Political Thought (Cambridge, 1978), I, pp. 208-9.

37. ���������� ��� ������������� ���볿, �������� �����������, ���. W. Schwarz, Principles and Problems of Biblical Translation (Cambridge, 1955); Q. Skinner, The Foundations of Modern Political Thought (Cambridge, 1978), I, pp. 209-12.

38. E. Panofsky, Renaissance and Renascences in Western Art (Stockholm, 1960), pp. 110-11.

39. ���������� ��� �������� ���������� ���������� ���., �������, J. H. Franklin, Jean Bodin and the Sixteenth-Century Revolution in the Methodology of Law and History (New York, 1963), �� J. G. A. Pocock, �The Origins of Study of the Past�, Comparative Studies in History and Society, 4 (1962), pp. 209-46.

40. � ������� ������� ������㳿 ���������, � ������ ����, �� �������������� � � �������, ���. R. Keat, �The Human Body in Social Theory: Reich, Foucault and the Repressive Hypothesis�, Radical Philosophy, 42 (1986), pp. 24-32.











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