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                                      1880
                         BEN-HUR: A TALE OF THE CHRIST
                                 by Lew Wallace
                       BOOK FIRST.

                        CHAPTER I.
                     INTO THE DESERT.

  THE Jebel es Zubleh is a mountain fifty miles and more in length,
and so narrow that its tracery on the map gives it a likeness to a
caterpillar crawling from the south to the north. Standing on its
red-and-white cliffs, and looking off under the path of the rising
sun, one sees only the Desert of Arabia, where the east winds, so
hateful to the vine-growers of Jericho, have kept their playgrounds
since the beginning. Its feet are well covered by sands tossed from
the Euphrates, there to lie; for the mountain is a wall to the
pasture-lands of Moab and Ammon on the west- lands which else had been
of the desert a part.
  The Arab has impressed his language upon everything south and east
of Judea; so, in his tongue, the old Jebel is the parent of numberless
wadies which, intersecting the Roman road- now a dim suggestion of
what once it was, a dusty path for Syrian pilgrims to and from
Mecca- run their furrows, deepening as they go, to pass the torrents
of the rainy season into the Jordan, or their last receptacle, the
Dead Sea. Out of one of these wadies- or, more particularly, out of
that one which rises at the extreme end of the Jebel, and, extending
east of north, becomes at length the bed of the Jabbok River- a
traveller passed, going to the tablelands of the desert. To this
person the attention of the reader is first besought.
  Judged by his appearance, he was quite forty-five years old. His
beard, once of the deepest black, flowing broadly over his breast, was
streaked with white. His face was brown as a parched coffee-berry, and
so hidden by a red kufiyeh (as the kerchief of the head is at this day
called by the children of the desert) as to be but in part visible.
Now and then he raised his eyes, and they were large and dark. He
was clad in the flowing garments so universal in the East; but their
style may not be described more particularly, for he sat under a
miniature tent, and rode a great white dromedary.
  It may be doubted if the people of the West ever overcome the
impression made upon them by the first view of a camel equipped and
loaded for the desert. Custom, so fatal to other novelties, affects
this feeling but little. At the end of long journeys with caravans,
after years of residence with the Bedawin, the Western-born,
wherever they may be, will stop and wait the passing of the stately
brute. The charm is not in the figure, which not even love can make
beautiful; nor in the movement, the noiseless stepping, or the broad
careen. As is the kindness of the sea to a ship, so is that of the
desert to its creature. It clothes him with all its mysteries; in such
manner, too, that while we are looking at him we are thinking of them:
therein is the wonder. The animal which now came out of the wady might
well have claimed the customary homage. Its colour and height; its
breadth of foot; its bulk of body, not fat, but overlaid with
muscle; its long, slender neck, of swan-like curvature; the head, wide
between the eyes, and tapering to a muzzle which a lady's bracelet
might have almost clasped; its motion, step long and elastic, tread
sure and soundless- all certified its Syrian blood, old as the days of
Cyrus, and absolutely priceless. There was the usual bridle,
covering the forehead with scarlet fringe and garnishing the throat
with pendent brazen chains, each ending with a tinkling silver bell;
but to the bridle there was neither rein for the rider nor strap for a
driver. The furniture perched on the back was an invention which
with any other people than those of the East would have made the
inventor renowned. It consisted of two wooden boxes, scarce four
feet in length, balanced so that one hung at each side; the inner
space, softly lined and carpeted, was arranged to allow the master
to sit or lie half reclined; over it all was stretched a green awning.
Broad back and breast straps, and girths, secured with countless knots
and ties, held the device in place. In such manner the ingenious
sons of Cush had contrived to make comfortable the sunburnt ways of
the wilderness, along which lay their duty as often as their pleasure.
  When the dromedary lifted itself out of the last break of the
wady, the traveller had passed the boundary of El Belka, the ancient
Ammon. It was morning time. Before him was the sun, half curtained
in fleecy mist; before him also spread the desert; not the realm of
drifting sands, which was farther on, but the region where the herbage
began to dwarf; where the surface is strewn with boulders of
granite, and grey and brown stones, interspersed with languishing
acacias and tufts of camel-grass. The oak, bramble and arbutus lay
behind as if they had come to a line, looked over into the well-less
waste, and crouched with fear.
  And now there was an end of path or road. More, than ever the
camel seemed insensibly driven; it lengthened and quickened its
pace, its head pointed straight towards the horizon; through the
wide nostrils it drank the wind in great draughts. The litter
swayed, and rose and fell like a boat in the waves. Dried leaves in
occasional beds rustled underfoot. Sometimes a perfume like absinthe
sweetened all the air. Lark, and chat, and rock-swallow leaped to
wing, and white partridges ran whistling and clucking out of the
way. More rarely a fox or a hyena quickened his gallop, to study the
intruders at a safe distance. Off to the right rose the hills of the
Jebel, the pearl-grey veil resting upon them changing momentarily into
a purple which the sun would make matchless a little later. Over their
highest peaks a vulture sailed on broad wings into widening circles.
But of all these things the tenant under the green tent saw nothing,
or, at least, made no sign of recognition. His eyes were fixed and
dreamy. The going of the man, like that of the animal, was as one
being led.
  For two hours the dromedary swung forward, keeping the trot steadily
and the line due east. In that time the traveller never changed his
position, nor looked to the right or left. On the desert, distance
is not measured by miles or leagues, but by the saat, or hour, and the
manzil, or halt: three-and-a-half leagues fill the former, fifteen
or twenty-five the latter; but they are the rates for the common
camel. A carrier of the genuine Syrian stock can make three leagues
easily. At full speed he overtakes the ordinary winds. As one of the
results of the rapid advance, the face of the landscape underwent a
change. The Jebel stretched along the western horizon, like a
pale-blue ribbon. A tell, or hummock of clay and cemented sand,
arose here and there. Now and then basaltic stones lifted their
round crowns, outposts of the mountain against the forces of the
plain; all else, however, was sand, sometimes smooth as the beaten
beach, then heaped in rolling ridges; here chopped waves, there long
swells. So, too, the condition of the atmosphere changed. The sun,
high risen, had drunk his fill of dew and mist, and warmed the
breeze that kissed the wanderer under the awning; far and near he
was tinting the earth with faint milk-whiteness, and shimmering all
the sky.
  Two hours more passed without rest or deviation from the course.
Vegetation entirely ceased. The sand, so crusted on the surface that
it broke into rattling flakes at every step, held undisputed sway. The
Jebel was out of view, and there was no landmark visible. The shadow
that before followed had now shifted to the north, and was keeping
even race with the objects which cast it; and as there was no sign
of halting, the conduct of the traveller became each moment more
strange.
  No one, be it remembered, seeks the desert for a pleasure-ground.
Life and business traverse it by paths along which the bones of things
dead are strewn as so many blazons. Such are the roads from well to
well, from pasture to pasture. The heart of the most veteran sheik
beats quicker when he finds himself alone in the pathless tracts. So
the man with whom we are dealing could not have been in search of
pleasure; neither was his manner that of a fugitive: not once did he
look behind him. In such situations fear and curiosity are the most
common sensations; he was not moved by them. When men are lonely, they
stoop to any companionship; the dog becomes a comrade, the horse a
friend, and it is no shame to shower them with caresses and speeches
of love. The camel received no such token, not a touch, not a word.
  Exactly at noon the dromedary, of its own will, stopped, and uttered
the cry or moan, peculiarly piteous, by which its kind always
protest against an overload, and sometimes crave attention and rest.
The master thereupon bestirred himself, waking, as it were, from
sleep. He threw the curtains of the houdah up, looked at the sun,
surveyed the country on every side long and carefully, as if to
identify an appointed place. Satisfied with the inspection, he drew
a deep breath and nodded, much as to say, "At last, at last!" A moment
after, he crossed his hands upon his breast, bowed his head, and
prayed silently. The pious duty done, he prepared to dismount. From
his throat proceeded the sound heard doubtless by the favourite camels
of Job- ikh! ikh!- the signal to kneel. Slowly the animal obeyed,
grunting the while. The rider then put his foot upon the slender neck,
and stepped upon the sand.
                        CHAPTER II.
                 MEETING OF THE WISE MEN.

  THE man as now revealed was of admirable proportions, not so tall as
powerful. Loosening the silken rope which held the kufiyeh on his
head, he brushed the fringed folds back until his face was bare- a
strong face, almost negro in color; yet the low, broad forehead,
aquiline nose, the outer corners of the eyes turned slightly upward,
the hair profuse, straight, harsh, of metallic lustre, and falling
to the shoulder in many plaits, were signs of origin impossible to
disguise. So looked the Pharaohs and the later Ptolemies; so looked
Mizraim, father of the Egyptian race. He wore the kamis, a white
cotton shirt, tight-sleeved, open in front, extending to the ankles
and embroidered down the collar and breast, over which was thrown a
brown woollen cloak, now, as in all probability it was then, called
the aba, an outer garment with long skirt and short sleeves, lined
inside with stuff of mixed cotton and silk, edged all round with a
margin of clouded yellow. His feet were protected by sandals, attached
by thongs of soft leather. A sash held the kamis to his waist. What
was very noticeable, considering he was alone and that the desert
was the haunt of leopards and lions, and men quite as wild, he carried
no arms, not even the crooked stick used for guiding camels; wherefore
we may at least infer his errand peaceful, and that he was either
uncommonly bold or under extraordinary protection.
  The traveller's limbs were numb, for the ride had been long and
wearisome; so he rubbed his hands and stamped his feet, and walked
round the faithful servant, whose lustrous eyes were closing in calm
content with the cud he had already found. Often, while making the
circuit, he paused and, shading his eyes with his hands, examined
the desert to the extremest verge of vision; and always, when the
survey was ended, his face clouded with disappointment, slight, but
enough to advise a shrewd spectator that he was there expecting
company, if not by appointment; at the same time, the spectator
would have been conscious of a sharpening of the curiosity to learn
what the business could be that required transaction in a place so far
from civilized abode.
  However disappointed, there could be little doubt of the
stranger's confidence in the coming of the expected company. In
token thereof, he went first to the litter, and, from the cot or box
opposite the one he had occupied in coming, produced a sponge and a
small gurglet of water, with which he washed the eyes, face, and
nostrils of the camel; that done, from the same depository he drew a
circular cloth, red-and-white-striped, a bundle of rods, and a stout
cane. The latter, after some manipulation, proved to be a cunning
device of lesser joints, one within another, which, when united
together, formed a centre pole higher than his head. When the pole was
planted, and the rods set around it, he spread the cloth over them,
and was literally at home- a home much smaller than the habitations of
emir and sheik, yet their counterpart in all other respects. From
the litter again he brought a carpet or square rug, and covered the
floor of the tent on the side from the sun. That done, he went out,
and once more, and with greater care and more eager eyes, swept the
encircling country. Except a distant jackal galloping across the
plain, and an eagle flying towards the Gulf of Akaba, the waste below,
like the blue above it, was lifeless.
  He turned to the camel, saying low, and in a tongue strange to the
desert, "We are far from home, O racer with the swiftest winds- we are
far from home, but God is with us. Let us be patient."
  Then he took some beans from a pocket in the saddle, and put them in
a bag made to hang below the animal's nose; and when he saw the relish
with which the good servant took to the food, he turned and again
scanned the world of sand, dim with the glow of the vertical sun.
  "They will come," he said, calmly. "He that led me is leading
them. I will make ready."
  From the pouches which lined the interior of the cot, and from a
willow basket which was part of its furniture, he brought forth
materials for a meal: platters close-woven of the fibres of palms;
wine in small gurglets of skin; mutton dried and smoked; stoneless
shami, or Syrian pomegranates; dates of El Shelebi, wondrous rich
and grown in the nakhil, or palm orchards, of Central Arabia;
cheese, like David's "slices of milk"; and leavened bread from the
city bakery- all which he carried and set upon the carpet under the
tent. As the final preparation, about the provisions he laid three
pieces of silk cloth, used among refined people of the East to cover
the knees of guests while at table- a circumstance significant of
the number of persons who were to partake of his entertainment- the
number he was awaiting.
  All was now ready. He stepped out: lo! in the east a dark speck on
the face of the desert. He stood as if rooted to the ground; his
eyes dilated; his flesh crept chilly, as if touched by something
supernatural. The speck grew; became large as a hand; at length
assumed defined proportions. A little later, full into view swung a
duplication of his own dromedary, tall and white, and bearing a
houdah, the travelling litter of Hindostan. Then the Egyptian
crossed his hands upon his breast, and looked to heaven.
  "God only is great!" he exclaimed, his eyes full of tears, his
soul in awe.
  The stranger drew nigh- at last stopped. Then he, too, seemed just
waking. He beheld the kneeling camel, the tent, and the man standing
prayerfully at the door. He crossed his hands, bent his head, and
prayed silently; after which, in a little while, he stepped from his
camel's neck to the sand, and advanced towards the Egyptian, as did
the Egyptian towards him. A moment they looked at each other; then
they embraced- that is, each threw his right arm over the other's
shoulder, and the left round the side, placing his chin first upon the
left, then upon the right breast.
  "Peace be with thee, O servant of the true God!" the stranger said.
  "And to thee, O brother of the true faith!- to thee peace and
welcome," the Egyptian replied, with fervour.
  The new-comer was tall and gaunt, with lean face, sunken eyes, white
hair and beard, and a complexion between the hue of cinnamon and
bronze. He, too, was unarmed. His costume was Hindostani; over the
skull-cap a shawl was wound in great folds, forming a turban; his body
garments were in the style of the Egyptian's, except that the aba
was shorter, exposing wide flowing breeches gathered at the ankles. In
place of sandals, his feet were clad in half-slippers of red
leather, pointed at the toes. Save the slippers, the costume from head
to foot was of white linen. The air of the man was high, stately,
severe. Visvamitra, the greatest of the ascetic heroes of the Iliad of
the East, had in him a perfect representative. He might have been
called a Life drenched with the wisdom of Brahma- Devotion
Incarnate. Only in his eyes was there proof of humanity; when he
lifted his face from the Egyptian's breast they were glistening with
tears.
  "God only is great!" he exclaimed, when the embrace was finished.
  "And blessed are they that serve Him!" the Egyptian answered,
wondering at the paraphrase of his own exclamation. "But let us wait,"
he added, "Let us wait; for see, the other comes yonder!"
  They looked to the north, where, already plain to view, a third
camel, of the whiteness of the others came careening like a ship. They
waited, standing together- waited until the new-comer arrived,
dismounted, and advanced towards them.
  "Peace to you, O my brother!" he said, while embracing the Hindoo.
  And the Hindoo answered, "God's will be done!"
  The last comer was all unlike his friends; his frame was slighter;
his complexion white; a mass of waving light hair was a perfect
crown for his small but beautiful head; the warmth of his dark-blue
eyes certified a delicate mind, and a cordial, brave nature. He was
bareheaded and unarmed. Under the folds of the Tyrian blanket which he
wore with unconscious grace appeared a tunic, short-sleeved and
low-necked, gathered to the waist by a band, and reaching nearly to
the knee; leaving the neck, arms, and legs bare. Sandals guarded his
feet. Fifty years, probably more, had spent themselves upon him,
with no other effect, apparently, than to tinge his demeanour with
gravity and temper his words with forethought. The physical
organization and the brightness of soul were untouched. No need to
tell the student from what kindred he was sprung; if he came not
himself from the groves of Athene, his ancestry did.
  When his arms fell from the Egyptian, the latter said, with a
tremulous voice, "The Spirit brought me first; wherefore I know myself
chosen to be the servant of my brethren. The tent is set, and the
bread is ready for the breaking. Let me perform my office."
  Taking each by the hand, he led them within, and removed their
sandals and washed their feet, and he poured water upon their hands,
and dried them with napkins.
  Then, when he had laved his own hands, he said, "Let us take care of
ourselves, brethren, as our service requires, and eat, that we may
be strong for what remains of the day's duty. While we eat, we will
each learn who the others are, and whence they come, and how they
are called."
  He took them to the repast, and seated them so that they faced
each other. Simultaneously their heads bent forward, their hands
crossed upon their breasts, and, speaking together, they said aloud
this simple grace-
  "Father of all- God!- what we have here is of Thee; take our
thanks and bless us, that we may continue to do Thy will."
  With the last word they raised their eyes, and looked at each
other in wonder. Each had spoken in a language never before heard by
the others; yet each understood perfectly what was said. Their souls
thrilled with divine emotion; for by the miracle they recognized the
Divine Presence.
                        CHAPTER III.
                  THE ATHENIAN SPEAKS- FAITH.

  To speak in the style of the period, the meeting just described took
place in the year of Rome 747. The month was December, and winter
reigned over all the regions east of the Mediterranean. Such as ride
upon the desert in this season go not far until smitten with a keen
appetite. The company under the little tent were not exceptions to the
rule. They were hungry, and ate heartily; and, after the wine, they
talked.
  "To a wayfarer in a strange land nothing is so sweet as to hear
his name on the tongue of a friend," said the Egyptian, who assumed to
be president of the repast. "Before us lie many days of companionship.
It is time we knew each other. So, if it be agreeable, he who came
last shall be first to speak."
  Then, slowly at first, like one watchful of himself, the Greek
began-
  "What I have to tell, my brethren, is so strange that I hardly
know where to begin or what I may with propriety speak. I do not yet
understand myself. The most I am sure of is that I am doing a Master's
will, and that the service is a constant ecstasy. When I think of
the purpose I am sent to fulfill, there is in me a joy so
inexpressible that I know the will is God's."
  The good man paused, unable to proceed, while the others, in
sympathy with his feelings, dropped their gaze.
  "Far to the west of this," he began again, "there is a land which
may never be forgotten; if only because the world is too much its
debtor, and because the indebtedness is for things that bring to men
their purest pleasures. I will say nothing of the arts, nothing of
philosophy, of eloquence, of poetry, of war: O my brethren, hers is
the glory which must shine forever in perfected letters, by which He
we go to find and proclaim will be made known to all the earth. The
land I speak of is Greece. I am Gaspar, son of Cleanthes the
Athenian."
  "My people," he continued, "were given wholly to study, and from
them I derived the same passion. It happens that two of our
philosophers, the very greatest of the many teach, one the doctrine of
a Soul in every man, and its Immortality; the other the doctrine of
One God, infinitely just. From the multitude of subjects about which
the schools were disputing, I separated them, as alone worth the
labour of solution; for I thought there was a relation between God and
the soul as yet unknown. On this theme the mind can reason to a point,
a dead, impassable wall; arrived there, all that remains is to stand
and cry aloud for help. So I did; but no voice came to me over the
wall. In despair, I tore myself from the cities and the schools."
  At these words a grave smile of approval lighted the gaunt face of
the Hindoo.
  "In the northern part of my country- in Thessaly," the Greek
proceeded to say, "there is a mountain famous as the home of the gods,
where Theus, whom my countrymen believe supreme, has his abode:
Olympus is its name. Thither I betook myself. I found a cave in a hill
where the mountain, coming from the west, bends to the south-east;
there I dwelt, giving myself up to meditation- no, I gave myself up to
waiting for what every breath was a prayer- for revelation.
Believing in God, invisible yet supreme, I also believed it possible
so to yearn for Him with all my soul that He would take compassion and
give me answer."
  "And He did- He did!" exclaimed the Hindoo, lifting his hands from
the silken cloth upon his lap.
  "Hear me, brethren," said the Greek, calming himself with an effort.
"The door of my hermitage looks over an arm of the sea, over the
Themaic Gulf. One day I saw a man flung overboard from a ship
sailing by. He swam ashore. I received and took care of him. He was
a Jew, learned in the history and laws of his people; and from him I
came to know that the God of my prayers did indeed exist, and had been
for ages their lawmaker, ruler, and king. What was that but the
Revelation I dreamed of? My faith had not been fruitless; God answered
me!"
  "As He does all who cry to Him with such faith," said the Hindoo.
  "But, alas!" the Egyptian added, "how few are there wise enough to
know when He answers them!"
  "That was not all," the Greek continued. "The man so sent to me told
me more. He said the prophets who, in the ages which followed the
first revelation, walked and talked with God, declared He would come
again. He gave me the names of the prophets, and from the sacred books
quoted their very language. He told me, further, that the second
coming was at hand- was looked for momentarily in Jerusalem."
  The Greek paused, and the brightness of his countenance faded.
  "It is true," he said after a little- "it is true the man told me
that as God and the revelation of which he spoke had been for the Jews
alone, so it would be again. He that was to come should be King of the
Jews. 'Had He nothing for the rest of the world?' I asked. 'No,' was
the answer, given in a proud voice- 'No, we are His chosen people.'
The answer did not crush my hope. Why should such a God limit His love
and benefaction to one land, and, as it were, to one family? I set
my heart upon knowing. At last I broke through the man's pride, and
found that his fathers had been merely chosen servants to keep the
Truth alive, that the world might at last know it and be saved. When
the Jew was gone, and I was alone again, I chastened my soul with a
new prayer- that I might be permitted to see the King when He was
come, and worship Him. One night I sat by the door of my cave trying
to get nearer the mysteries of my existence, knowing which is to
know God; suddenly, on the sea below me, or rather in the darkness
that covered its face, I saw a star begin to burn; slowly it arose and
drew nigh, and stood over the hill and above my door, so that its
light shone full. upon me. I fell down, and slept, and in my dream I
heard a voice say:-
  "'O Gaspar! Thy faith hath conquered! Blessed art thou! With two
others, come from the uttermost parts of the earth, thou shalt see Him
that is promised, and be a witness for Him, and the occasion of
testimony in His behalf. In the morning arise, and go meet them, and
keep trust in the Spirit that shall guide thee.'
  "And in the morning I awoke with the Spirit as a light within me
surpassing that of the sun. I put off my hermit's garb, and dressed
myself as of old. From a hiding-place I took the treasure which I
had brought from the city. A ship went sailing past. I hailed it,
was taken aboard, and landed at Antioch. There I bought the camel
and his furniture. Through the gardens and orchards that enamel the
banks of the Orontes, I journeyed to Emesa, Damascus, Bostra, and
Philadelphia; thence hither. And so, O brethren, you have my story.
Let me now listen to you."
                        CHAPTER IV.
                 SPEECH OF THE HINDOO- LOVE.

  THE Egyptian and the Hindoo looked at each other; the former waved
his hand; the latter bowed, and began-
  "Our brother has spoken well. May my words be as wise."
  He broke off, reflected a moment, then resumed-
  "You may know me, brethren, by the name of Melchior. I speak to
you in a language which, if not the oldest in the world, was at
least the soonest to be reduced to letters- I mean the Sanscrit of
India. I am a Hindoo by birth. My people were the first to walk in the
fields of knowledge, first to divide them, first to make them
beautiful. Whatever may hereafter befall, the four Vedas must live,
for they are the primal fountains of religion and useful intelligence.
From them were derived the Upa-Vedas, which delivered by Brahma, treat
of medicine, archery, architecture, music, and the four-and-sixty
mechanical arts, the Ved-Angas, revealed by inspired saints, and
devoted to astronomy, grammar, prosody, pronunciation, charms and
incantations, religious rites and ceremonies; the Up-Angas, written by
the sage Vyasa, and given to cosmogony, chronology, and geography;
therein also are the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, heroic poems
designed for the perpetuation of our gods and demi-gods. Such, O
brethren, are the Great Shastras, or books of sacred ordinances.
They are dead to me now; yet through all time they will serve to
illustrate the budding genius of my race. They were promises of
quick perfection. Ask you why the promises failed? Alas! the books
themselves closed all the gates of progress. Under pretext of care for
the creature, their authors imposed the fatal principle that a man
must not address himself to discovery or invention, as Heaven had
provided him all things needful. When that condition became a sacred
law, the lamp of Hindoo genius was let down a well, where ever since
it has lighted narrow walls and bitter waters.
  "These allusions, brethren, are not from pride, as you will
understand when I tell you that the Shastras teach a Supreme God
called Brahm; also, that the Puranas, or sacred poems of the Up-Angas,
tell us of Virtue and Good Works, and of the Soul. So, if my brother
will permit the saying"- the speaker bowed deferentially to the Greek-
"ages before his people were known, the two great ideas, God and the
Soul, had absorbed all the forces of the Hindoo mind. In further
explanation, let me say that Brahm is taught, by the same sacred
books, as a Triad- Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. Of these, Brahma is said
to have been the author of our race; which, in course of creation,
he divided into four castes. First, he peopled the worlds below and
the heavens above; next, he made the earth ready for terrestrial
spirits; then from his mouth proceeded the Brahman caste, nearest in
likeness to himself, highest and noblest, sole teachers of the
Vedas, which at the same time flowed from his lips in finished
state, perfect in all useful knowledge. From his arms next issued
the Kshatriya, or warriors; from his breast, the seat of life, came
the Vaisya, or producers- shepherds, farmers, merchants; from his
foot, in sign of degradation, sprang the Sudra, or serviles, doomed to
menial duties for the other classes- serfs, domestics, labourers,
artisans. Take notice, further, that the law, so born with them,
forbade a man of one caste becoming a member of another; the Brahman
could not enter a lower order; if he violated the laws of his own
grade, he became an outcast, lost to all but outcasts like himself."
  At this point, the imagination of the Greek, flashing forward upon
all the consequences of such a degradation, overcame his eager
attention, and he exclaimed, "In such a state, O brethren, what mighty
need of a loving God!"
  "Yes," added the Egyptian, "of a loving God like ours."
  The brows of the Hindoo knit painfully; when the emotion was
spent, he proceeded, in a softened voice-
  "I was born a Brahman. My life, consequently, was ordered down to
its least act, its last hour. My first draught of nourishment; the
giving me my compound name; taking me out the first time to see the
sun; investing me with the triple thread by which I became one of
the twice-born; my induction into the first order- were all celebrated
with sacred texts and rigid ceremonies. I might not walk, eat,
drink, or sleep without danger of violating a rule. And the penalty, O
brethren, the penalty was to my soul! According to the degrees of
omission, my soul went to one of the heavens- Indra's the lowest,
Brahma's the highest; or it was driven back to become the life of a
worm, a fly, a fish, or a brute. The reward for perfect observance was
Beatitude, or absorption into the being of Brahm, which was not
existence as much as absolute rest."
  The Hindoo gave himself a moment's thought; proceeding, he said,
"The part of a Brahman's life called the first order is his student
life. When I was ready to enter the second order- that is to say, when
I was ready to marry and became a householder- I questioned
everything, even Brahm; I was a heretic. From the depths of the well I
had discovered a light above, and yearned to go up and see what all it
shone upon. At last- ah, with what years of toil!- I stood in the
perfect day, and beheld the principle of life, the element of
religion, the link between the soul and God- Love!"
  The shrunken face of the good man kindled visibly, and he clasped
his hands with force. A silence ensued, during which the others looked
at him, the Greek through tears. At length he resumed:
  "The happiness of love is in action; its test is what one is willing
to do for others. I could not rest. Brahm had filled the world with so
much wretchedness. The Sudra appealed to me; so did the countless
devotees and victims. The island of Ganga Lagor lies where the
sacred waters of the Ganges disappear in the Indian Ocean. Thither I
betook myself. In the shade of the temple built there to the sage
Kapila, in a union of prayers with the disciples whom the sanctified
memory of the holy man keeps around his house, I thought to find rest.
But twice every year came pilgrimages of Hindoos seeking the
purification of the waters. Their misery strengthened my love. Against
its impulse to speak, I clenched my jaws; for one word against Brahm
or the Triad or the Shastras would doom me; one act of kindness to the
outcast Brahmans who now and then dragged themselves to die on the
burning sands- a blessing said, a cup of water given- and I became one
of them, lost to family, country, privileges, caste. The love
conquered! I spoke to the disciples in the temple; they drove me
out. I spoke to the pilgrims; they stoned me from the island. On the
highways I attempted to preach; my hearers fled from me, or sought
my life. In all India, finally, there was not a place in which I could
find peace or safety- not even among the outcasts; for though
fallen, they were still believers in Brahm. In my extremity, I
looked for a solitude in which to hide from all but God. I followed
the Ganges to its source, far up in the Himalayas. When I entered
the pass at Hurdwar, where the river, in unstained purity leaps to its
course through the muddy lowlands, I prayed for my race, and thought
myself lost to them forever. Through gorges, over cliffs, across
glaciers, by peaks that seemed star-high, I made my way to the Lang
Tso, a lake of marvellous beauty, asleep at the feet of the Tise
Gangri, the Gurla, and the Kailas Parbot, giants which flaunt their
crowns of snow everlastingly in the face of the sun. There, in the
centre of the earth; where the Indus, Ganges, and Brahma-pootra rise
to run their different courses; where mankind took up their first
abode, and separated to replete the world, leaving Balk, the mother of
cities, to attest the great fact; where Nature, gone back to its
primeval condition, and secure in its immensities, invites the sage
and the exile, with promise of safety to the one and solitude to the
other- there I went to abide alone with God, praying, fasting, waiting
for death."
  Again the voice fell, and the bony hands met in a fervent clasp.
  "One night I walked by the shores of the lake, and spoke to the
listening silence, 'When will God come and claim His own? Is there
to be no redemption?' Suddenly a light began to glow tremulously out
on the water; soon a star arose, and moved towards me, and stood
overhead. The brightness stunned me. While I lay upon the ground, I
heard a voice of infinite sweetness say, 'Thy love hath conquered.
Blessed art thou, O son of India! The redemption is at hand. With
two others, from far quarters of the earth, thou shalt see the
Redeemer, and be a witness that He hath come. In the morning arise,
and go meet them, and put all thy trust in the Spirit which shall
guide thee.'
  "And from that time the light has stayed with me; so I knew it was
the visible presence of the Spirit. In the morning I started to the
world by the way I had come. In a cleft of the mountain I found a
stone of vast worth, which I sold in Hurdwar. By Lahore, and Cabool,
and Yezd, I came to Ispahan. There I bought the camel, and thence
was led to Bagdad, not waiting for caravans. Alone I travelled,
fearless, for the Spirit was with me, and is with me yet. What glory
is ours, O brethren! We are to see the Redeemer- to speak to Him- to
worship Him! I am done!"
                        CHAPTER V.
              THE EGYPTIAN'S STORY- GOOD WORKS.

  THE vivacious Greek broke forth in expressions of joy and
congratulations; after which the Egyptian said, with characteristic
gravity-
  "I salute you, my brother. You have suffered much, and I rejoice
in your triumph. If you are both pleased to hear me, I will now tell
you who I am, and how I came to be called. Wait for me a moment."
  He went out and tended the camels; coming back, he resumed his seat.
  "Your words, brethren, were of the Spirit," he said, in
commencement; "and the Spirit gives me to understand them. You each
spoke particularly of your countries; in that there was a great object
which I will explain; but to make the interpretation complete, let
me first speak of myself and my people. I am Balthasar the Egyptian."
  The last words were spoken quietly, but with so much dignity that
both listeners bowed to the speaker.
  "There are many distinctions I might claim for my race," he
continued; "but I will content myself with one. History began with us.
We were the first to perpetuate events by records kept. So we have
no traditions; and instead of poetry, we offer you certainty. On the
facades of palaces and temples, on obelisks, on the inner walls of
tombs, we wrote the names of our kings, and what they did; and to
the delicate papyri we entrusted the wisdom of our philosophers and
the secrets of our religion- all the secrets but one, whereof I will
presently speak. Older than the Vedas of Para-Brahm or the Up-Angas of
Vyasa, O Melchior; older than the songs of Homer or the metaphysics of
Plato, O my Gaspar; older than the sacred books or kings of the people
of China, or those of Siddartha, son of the beautiful Maya; older than
the Genesis of Mosche the Hebrew- oldest of human records are the
writings of Menes, our first king." Pausing an instant, he fixed his
large eyes kindly upon the Greek, saying, "In the youth of Hellas,
who, O Gaspar, were the teachers of her teachers?"
  The Greek bowed, smiling.
  "By those records," Balthasar continued, "we know that when the
fathers came from the far East, from the region of the birth of the
three sacred rivers, from the centre of the earth- the Old Iran of
which you spoke, O Melchior- came bringing with them the history of
the world before the Flood, and of the Flood itself, as given to the
Aryans by the sons of Noah, they taught God, the Creator and the
Beginning, and the Soul, deathless as God. When the duty which calls
us now is happily done, if you choose to go with me, I will show you
the sacred library of our priesthood; among others, the Book of the
Dead, in which is the ritual to be observed by the soul after Death
has despatched it on its journey to judgment. The ideas- God and the
Immortal Soul- where borne to Mizraim over the desert, and by him to
the banks of the Nile. They were then in their purity, easy of
understanding, as what God intends for our happiness always is; so,
also, was the first worship- a song and a prayer natural to a soul
joyous, hopeful, and in love with its Maker."
  Here the Greek threw up his hands, exclaiming, "Oh the light deepens
within me!"
  "And in me!" said the Hindoo, with equal fervour.
  The Egyptian regarded them benignantly, then went on, saying,
"Religion is merely the law which binds man to his Creator: in
purity it has but these elements- God, the Soul, and their Mutual
Recognition; out of which, when put in practice, spring Worship, Love,
and Reward. This law, like all others of divine origin- like that, for
instance, which binds the earth to the sun- was perfected in the
beginning by its Author. Such, my brothers was the religion of the
first family; such was the religion of our father Mizraim, who could
not have been blind to the formula of creation, nowhere so discernible
as in the first faith and the earliest worship. Perfection is God;
simplicity is perfection. The curse of curses is that men will not let
truths like these alone."
  He stopped, as if considering in what manner to continue.
  "Many nations have loved the sweet waters of the Nile," he said
next; "the Ethiopian, the Pali-Putra, the Hebrew, the Assyrian, the
Persian, the Macedonian, the Roman- of whom all, except the Hebrew,
have at one time or another been its masters. So much coming and going
of peoples corrupted the old Mizraimic faith. The Valley of Palms
became a Valley of Gods. The Supreme One was divided into eight,
each personating a creative principle in nature, with Ammon-Re at
the head. Then Isis and Osiris, and their circle, representing
water, fire, air, and other forces, were invented. Still the
multiplication went on until we had another order, suggested by
human qualities, such as strength, knowledge, love, and the like."
  "In all which there was the old folly!" cried the Greek,
impulsively. "Only the things out of reach remain as they came to us."
  The Egyptian bowed, and proceeded-
  "Yet a little further, O my Brethren, a little further, before I
come to myself. What we go to will seem all the holier of comparison
with what it is and has been. The records show that Mizraim found
the Nile in possession of the Ethopians, who were spread thence
through the African desert; a people of rich, fantastic genius, wholly
given to the worship of nature. The poetic Persian sacrificed to the
sun, as the completest image of Ormuzd, his God; the devout children
of the far East carved their deities out of wood and ivory; but the
Ethiopian, without writing, without books, without mechanical
faculty of any kind, quieted his soul by the worship of animals,
birds, and insects, holding the cat sacred to Re, the bull to Isis,
the beetle to Pthah. A long struggle against their rude, faith ended
in its adoption as the religion of the new empire. Then rose the
mighty monuments that cumber the riverbank and the desert- obelisk,
labyrinth, pyramid, and tomb of king, blent with tomb of crocodile.
Into such deep debasement, O brethren, the sons of the Aryan fell!"
  Here, for the first time, the calmness of the Egyptian forsook
him: though his countenance remained impassive, his voice gave way.
  "Do not too much despise my countrymen," he began again. "They did
not all forget God. I said awhile ago, you may remember, that to
papyri we entrusted all the secrets of our religion except one; of
that I will now tell you. We had as king once a certain Pharaoh, who
lent himself to all manner of changes and additions. To establish
the new system, he strove to drive the old entirely out of mind. The
Hebrews then dwelt with us as slaves. They clung to their God; and
when the persecution became intolerable, they were delivered in a
manner never to be forgotten. I speak from the records now. Mosche,
himself a Hebrew, came to the palace, and demanded permission for
the slaves, then millions in number, to leave the country. The
demand was in the name of the Lord God of Israel. Pharaoh refused.
Hear what followed. First, all the water, that in the lakes and
rivers, like that in the wells and vessels, turned to blood. Yet the
monarch refused. Then frogs came up and covered all the land. Still he
was firm. Then Mosche threw ashes in the air, and plague attacked
the Egyptians. Next, all the cattle, except of the Hebrews, were
struck dead. Locusts devoured the green things of the valley. At
noon the day was turned into a darkness so thick that lamps would
not burn. Finally, in the night all the first-born of the Egyptians
died; not even Pharaoh's escaped. Then he yielded. But when the
Hebrews were gone he followed them with his army. At the last moment
the sea was divided, so that the fugitives passed it dry-shod. When
the pursuers drove in after them, the waves rushed back, and
drowned- horse, foot, charioteers, and king. You spoke of
revelation, my Gaspar- "
  The blue eyes of the Greek sparkled.
  "I had the story from the Jew," he cried. "You confirm it, O
Balthasar!"
  "Yes, but through me Egypt speaks, not Mosche. I interpret the
marbles. The priests of that time wrote in their way what they
witnessed, and the revelation has lived. So I come to the one
unrecorded secret. In my country, brethren, we have, from the day of
the unfortunate Pharaoh, always had two religions- one private, the
other public; one of many gods, practised by the people; the other
of one God, cherished only by the priesthood. Rejoice with me, O
brothers! All the trampling by the many nations, all the harrowing
by kings, all the inventions of enemies, all the changes of time, have
been in vain. Like a seed under the mountains waiting its hour, the
glorious Truth has lived; and this- this is its day!"
  The wasted frame of the Hindoo trembled with delight, and the
Greek cried aloud-
  "It seems to me the very desert is singing."
  From a gurglet of water near-by the Egyptian took a draught, and
proceeded-
  "I was born at Alexandria, a prince and a priest, and had the
education usual to my class. But very early I became discontented.
Part of the faith imposed was that after death, upon the destruction
of my body, the soul at once began its former progression from the
lowest up to humanity, the highest and last existence; and that
without reference to conduct in the mortal life. When I heard of the
Persian's Realm of Light, his Paradise across the bridge Chinevat,
where only the good go, the thought haunted me; insomuch that in the
day, as in the night, I brooded over the comparative ideas Eternal
Transmigration and Eternal Life in Heaven. If, as my teacher taught,
God was just, why was there no distinction between the good and the
bad? At length it became clear to me, a certainty, a corollary of
the law to which I reduced pure religion, that death was only the
point of separation at which the wicked are left or lost, and the
faithful rise to a higher life; not the nirvana of Buddha, or the
negative rest of Brahma, O Melchior; nor the better condition in hell,
which is all of Heaven allowed by the Olympic faith, O Gaspar; but
life- life active, joyous, everlasting- LIFE WITH GOD! The discovery
led to another inquiry. Why should the Truth be longer kept a secret
for the selfish solace of the priesthood? The reason for the
suppression was gone. Philosophy had at least brought us toleration.
In Egypt we had Rome instead of Rameses. One day, in the Brucheium,
the most splendid and crowded quarter of Alexandria, I arose and
preached. The East and West contributed to my audience. Students going
to the Library, priests from the Serapeion, idlers from the Museum,
patrons of the race-course, countrymen from the Rhacotis- a multitude-
stopped to hear me. I preached God, the Soul, Right and Wrong, and
Heaven, the reward of a virtuous life. You, O Melchior, were stoned;
my auditors first wondered, then laughed. I tried again; they pelted
me with epigrams, covered my God with ridicule, and darkened my Heaven
with mockery. Not to linger needlessly, I fell before them."
  The Hindoo here drew a long sigh, as he said, "The enemy of man is
man, my brother."
  Balthasar lapsed into silence.
  "I gave much thought to finding the cause of my failure, and at last
succeeded," he said, upon beginning again. "Up the river, a day's
journey from the city, there is a village of herdsmen and gardeners. I
took a boat and went there. In the evening I called the people
together, men and women, the poorest of the poor. I preached to them
exactly as I had preached in the Brucheium. They did not laugh. Next
evening I spoke again, and they believed and rejoiced, and carried the
news abroad. At the third meeting a society was formed for prayer. I
returned to the city then. Drifting down the river, under the stars,
which never seemed so bright and so near, I evolved this lesson:- To
begin a reform, go not into the places of the great and rich; go
rather to those whose cups of happiness are empty- to the poor and
humble. And then I laid a plan and devoted my life. As a first step, I
secured my vast property, so that the income would be certain, and
always at call for the relief of the suffering. From that day, O
brethren, I travelled up and down the Nile in the villages, and to all
the tribes, preaching One God, a righteous life, and reward in Heaven.
I have done good- it does not become me to say how much. I also know
that part of the world to be ripe for the reception of Him we go to
find."
  A flush suffused the swarthy cheek of the speaker; but he overcame
the feeling, and continued:-
  "The years so given, O my brothers, were troubled by one thought-
When I was gone, what would become of the cause I had started? Was
it to end with me? I had dreamed many times of organization as a
fitting crown for my work. To hide nothing from you, I had tried to
effect it, and failed. Brethren, the world is now in the condition
that, to restore the old Mizraimic faith, the reformer must have a
more than human sanction; he must not merely come in God's name, he
must have the proofs subject to His word; he must demonstrate all he
says, even God. So preoccupied is the mind with myths and systems;
so much do false deities crowd every place- earth, air, sky; so have
they become of everything a part, that return to the first religion
can only be along bloody paths, through fields of persecution; that is
to say, the converts must be willing to die rather than recant. And
who in this age can carry the faith of men to such a point but God
Himself? To redeem the race- I do not mean to destroy it- to redeem
the race, He must make Himself once more manifest: HE MUST COME IN
PERSON."
  Intense emotion seized the three.
  "Are we not going to find Him?" exclaimed the Greek.
  "You understand why I failed in the attempt to organize," said the
Egyptian, when the spell was passed. "I had not the sanction. To
know that my work must be lost made me intolerably wretched. I
believed in prayer; and to make my appeals pure and strong, like
you, my brethren, I went out of the beaten ways- I went where man
had not been, where only God was. Above the fifth cataract, above
the meeting of rivers in Sennar, up the Bahr el Abiad, into the far
unknown of Africa, I went. There, in the morning, a mountain blue as
the sky flings a cooling shadow wide over the western desert, and,
with its cascades of melted snow, feeds a broad lake nestling at its
base on the east. The lake is the mother of the great river. For a
year and more the mountain gave me a home. The fruit of the palm fed
my body, prayer my spirit. One night I walked in the orchard close
by the little sea. 'The world is dying. When wilt Thou come? Why may I
not see the redemption, O God?' So I prayed. The glassy water was
sparkling with stars. One of them seemed to leave its place and rise
to the surface, where it became a brilliancy burning to the eyes. Then
it moved towards me, and stood over my head, apparently in hand's
reach. I fell down and hid my face. A voice, not of the earth, said,
'Thy good works have conquered. Blessed art thou, O son of Mizraim!
The redemption cometh. With two others, from the remoteness of the
world, thou shalt see the Saviour, and testify for Him. In the morning
arise, and go meet them. And when ye have all come to the holy city of
Jerusalem, ask of the people, Where is He that is born King of the
Jews? for we have seen His star in the East, and are sent to worship
Him. Put all thy trust in the Spirit which will guide thee.'
  "And the light became an inward illumination not to be doubted,
and has stayed with me, a governor and a guide. It led me down the
river to Memphis, where I made ready for the desert. I bought my
camel, and came hither without rest, by way of Suez and Kufileh, and
up through the lands of Moab and Ammon. God is with us, O my
brethren!"
  He paused, and thereupon, with a prompting not their own, they all
arose, and looked at each other.
  "I said there was a purpose in the particularity with which we
described our peoples and their histories," so the Egyptian proceeded.
"He we go to find was called 'King of the Jews;' by that name we are
bidden to ask for Him. But, now that we have met, and heard from
each other, we may know Him to be the Redeemer, not of the Jews alone,
but of all the nations of the earth. The patriarch who survived the
Flood had with him three sons, and their families, by whom the world
was repeopled. From the old Aryana-Vaejo, the well-remembered Region
of Delight in the heart of Asia, they parted. India and the far East
received the children of the first; the descendants of the youngest,
through the North, streamed into Europe; those of the second
overflowed the deserts about the Red Sea, passing into Africa; and
though most of the latter are yet dwellers in shifting tents, some
of them became builders along the Nile."
  By a simultaneous impulse the three joined hands.
  "Could anything be more divinely ordered?" Balthasar continued.
"When we have found the Lord, the brothers, and all the generations
that have succeeded them, will kneel to Him in homage with us. And
when we part to go our separate ways, the world will have learned a
new lesson- that Heaven may be won, not by the sword, not by human
wisdom, but by Faith, Love, and Good Works."
  There was silence, broken by sighs and sanctified with tears; for
the joy that filled them might not be stayed. It was the unspeakable
joy of souls on the shores of the River of Life, resting with the
Redeemed in God's presence.
  Presently their hands fell apart, and together they went out of
the tent. The desert was still as the sky. The sun was sinking fast.
The camels slept.
  A little while after, the tent was struck, and, with the remains
of the repast, restored to the cot; then the friends mounted, and
set out single file, led by the Egyptian. Their course was due west,
into the chilly night. The camels swung forward in steady trot,
keeping the line and the intervals so exactly that those following
seemed to tread in the tracks of the leader. The riders spoke not
once.
  By-and-by the moon came up. And as the three tall, white figures
sped, with soundless tread, through the opalescent light, they
appeared like spectres flying from hateful shadows. Suddenly, in the
air before them, not farther up than a low hill-top, flared a
lambent flame; as they looked at it, the apparition contracted into
a focus of dazzling lustre. Their hearts beat fast; their souls
thrilled; and they shouted as with one voice, "The Star! the Star! God
is with us!"
                        CHAPTER VI.
                      THE JOPPA GATE.

  IN an aperture of the western wall of Jerusalem hang the "oaken
valves" called the Bethlehem or Joppa Gate. The area outside of them
is one of the notable places of the city. Long before David coveted
Zion, there was a citadel there. When at last the son of Jesse
ousted the Jebusite, and began to build, the site of the citadel
became the northwest corner of his new wall, defended by a tower
much more imposing than the old one. The location of the gate,
however, was not disturbed, for the reasons, most likely, that the
roads which met and merged in front of it could not well be
transferred to any other point, while the area outside had become a
recognized market-place. In Solomon's day there was great traffic at
the locality, shared in by traders from Egypt, and the rich dealers
from Tyre and Sidon. Nearly three thousand years have passed, and
yet a kind of commerce clings to the spot. A pilgrim wanting a pin
or a pistol, a cucumber or a camel, a house or a horse, a loan or a
lentil, a date or a dragoman, a melon or a man, a dove or a donkey,
has only to inquire for the article at the Joppa Gate. Sometimes the
scene is quite animated, and then it suggests, What a place the old
market must have been in the days of Herod the Builder! And to that
period and that market the reader is now to be transferred.
  Following the Hebrew system, the meeting of the wise men described
in the preceding chapters took place in the afternoon of the
twenty-fifth day of the third month of the year; that is to say, on
the twenty-fifth day of December. The year was the second of the 193rd
Olympiad, or the 747th of Rome; the sixty-seventh of Herod the
Great, and the thirty-fifth of his reign; the fourth before the
beginning of the Christian era. The hours of the day, by Judean
custom, begin with the sun, the first hour being the first after
sunrise; so, to be precise, the market at the Joppa Gate during the
first hour of the day stated was in full session, and very lively. The
massive walls had been wide open since dawn. Business, always
aggressive, had pushed, through the arched entrance into a narrow lane
and court, which, passing by the walls of the great tower, conducted
on into the city. As Jerusalem is in the hill country, the morning air
on this occasion was not a little crisp. The rays of the sun, with
their promise of warmth, lingered provokingly far up on the
battlements and turrets of the great piles about, down from which fell
the crooning of pigeons, and the whir of the flocks coming and going.
  As a passing acquaintance with the people of the Holy City,
strangers as well as residents, will be necessary to an
understanding of some of the pages which follow, it will be well to
stop at the gate and pass the scene in review. Better opportunity will
not offer to get sight of the populace who will afterwhile go
forward in a mood very different from that which now possesses them.
  The scene is at first one of utter confusion- confusion of action,
sounds, colours, and things. It is especially so in the lane and
court. The ground there is paved with broad unshaped flags, from which
each cry and jar and hoof-stamp arises to swell the medley that
rings and roars up between the solid impending walls. A little
mixing with the throng; however, a little familiarity with the
business going on, will make analysis possible.
  Here stands a donkey, dozing under panniers full of lentils,
beans, onions, and cucumbers, brought fresh from the gardens and
terraces of Galilee. When not engaged in serving customers, the
master, in a voice which only the initiated can understand, cries
his stock. Nothing can be simpler than his costume- sandals, and an
unbleached, undyed blanket, crossed over one shoulder and girt round
the waist. Near-by, and far more imposing and grotesque, though
scarcely as patient as the donkey, kneels a camel, rawboned, rough,
and grey, with long shaggy tufts of fox-coloured hair under its
throat, neck, and body, and a load of boxes and baskets curiously
arranged upon an enormous saddle. The owner is an Egyptian, small,
lithe, and of a complexion which has borrowed a good deal from the
dust of the roads and the sands of the desert. He wears a faded
tarbooshe, a loose gown, sleeveless, unbelted, and dropping from the
neck to the knee. His feet are bare. The camel, restless under the
load, groans and occasionally shows his teeth; but the man paces
indifferently to and fro, holding the driving-strap, and all the
time advertising his fruits fresh from the orchards of the Kedron-
grapes, dates, figs, apples, and pomegranates.
  At the corner where the lane opens out into the court, some women
sit with their backs against the grey stones of the wall. Their
dress is that common to the humbler class of the country- a linen
frock extending the full length of the person, loosely gathered at the
waist; and a veil or wimple broad enough, after covering the head,
to wrap the shoulders. Their merchandise is contained in a number of
earthen jars, such as are still used in the East for bringing water
from the wells, and some leathern bottles. Among the jars and bottles,
rolling upon the stony floor, regardless of the crowd and cold,
often in danger but never hurt, play half-a-dozen half-naked children;
their brown bodies, jetty eyes, and thick blade hair attesting the
blood of Israel. Sometimes, from under the wimples, the mothers look
up, and in the vernacular modestly bespeak their trade: in the bottles
"honey of grapes," in the jars "strong drink." Their entreaties are
generally lost in the general uproar, and they fare illy against the
many competitors: brawny fellows with bare legs, dirty tunics, and
long beards, going about with bottles lashed to their backs, and
shouting, "Honey of wine! Grapes of En-Gedi!" When a customer halts
one of them, round comes the bottle, and, upon lifting the thumb
from the nozzle, out into the ready cup gushes the deep-red blood of
the luscious berry.
  Scarcely less blatant are the dealers in birds- doves, ducks, and
frequently the singing bulbul, or nightingale, most frequently
pigeons; and buyers, receiving them from the nets, seldom fail to
think of the perilous life of the catchers, bold climbers of the
cliffs; now hanging with hand and foot to the face of the crag, now
swinging in a basket far down the mountain fissure.
  Blent with peddlers of jewellery- sharp men cloaked in scarlet and
blue, top-heavy under prodigious white turbans, and fully conscious of
the power there is in the lustre of a ribbon and the incisive gleam of
gold, whether in bracelet or necklace, or in rings for the finger or
the nose- and with peddlers of household utensils, and with dealers in
wearing-apparel, and with retailers of unguents for anointing the
person, and with hucksters of all articles, fanciful as well as of
need, hither and thither, tugging at halters and ropes, now screaming,
now coaxing, toil the vendors of animals- donkeys, horses, calves,
sheep, bleating kids, and awkward camels; animals of every kind except
the outlawed swine. All these are there; not singly, as described, but
many times repeated; not in one place, but everywhere in the market.
  Turning from this scene in the lane and court, this glance at the
sellers and their commodities, the reader has need to give
attention, in the next place, to visitors and buyers, for which the
best studies will be found outside the gates, where the spectacle is
quite as varied and animated; indeed, it may be more so, for there are
superadded the effects of tent, booth, and sook, greater space, larger
crowd, more unqualified freedom, and the glory of the Eastern
sunshine.
                        CHAPTER VII.
             TYPICAL CHARACTERS AT THE JOPPA GATE.

  LET us take our stand by the gate, just out of the edge of the
currents- one flowing in, the other out- and use our eyes and ears
awhile.
  In good time! Here come two men of a most noteworthy class.
  "Gods! How cold it is!" says one of them, a powerful figure in
armour; on his head a brazen helmet, on his body a shining breastplate
and skirts of mail. "How cold it is! Dost thou remember, my Caius,
that vault in the Comitium at home which the flamens say is the
entrance to the lower world? By Pluto, I could stand there this
morning long enough at least to get warm again!"
  The party addressed drops the hood of his military cloak, leaving
bare his head and face, and replies, with an ironic smile, "The
helmets of the legions which conquered Mark Antony were full of Gallic
snow; but thou- ah, my poor friend!- thou has just come from Egypt,
bringing its summer in thy blood."
  And with the last word they disappear through the entrance. Though
they had been silent, the armour and the sturdy step would have
published them Roman soldiers.
  From the throng a Jew comes next, meagre of frame, round-shouldered,
and wearing a coarse brown robe; over his eyes and face, and down
his back, hangs a mat of long, uncombed hair. He is alone. Those who
meet him laugh, if they do not worse; for he is a Nazarite, one of a
despised sect which rejects the books of Moses, devotes itself to
abhorred vows, and goes unshorn while the vows endure.
  As we watch his retiring figure, suddenly there is a commotion in
the crowd, a parting quickly to the right and left, with
exclamations sharp and decisive. Then the cause comes- a man, Hebrew
in feature and dress. The mantle of snow-white linen, held to his head
by cords of yellow silk, flows free over his shoulders; his robe is
richly embroidered; a red sash with fringes of gold wraps his waist
several times. His demeanour is calm; he even smiles upon those who,
with such rude haste, make room for him. A leper? No; he is only a
Samaritan. The shrinking crowd, if asked, would say he is a mongrel-
an Assyrian- whose touch of the robe is pollution; from whom,
consequently, an Israelite, though dying, might not accept life. In
fact, the feud is not of blood. When David set his throne here on
Mount Zion, with only Judah to support him, the ten tribes betook
themselves to Shechem, a city much older, and, at that date,
infinitely richer in holy memories. The final union of the tribes
did not settle the dispute thus begun. The Samaritans clung to their
tabernacle on Gerizim, and, while maintaining its superior sanctity,
laughed at the irate doctors in Jerusalem. Time brought no assuagement
of the hate. Under Herod, conversion to the faith was open to all
the world except the Samaritans; they alone were absolutely and
forever shut out from communion with Jews.
  As the Samaritan goes in under the arch of the gate, out come
three men so unlike all whom we have yet seen that they fix our
gaze, whether we will or not. They are of unusual stature and
immense brawn; their eyes are blue, and so fair is their complexion
that the blood shines through the skin like blue pencilling; their
hair is light and short; their heads, small and round, rest squarely
upon necks columnar as the trunks of trees. Woollen tunics, open at
the breast, sleeveless and loosely girt, drape their bodies, leaving
bare arms and legs of such development that they at once suggest the
arena; and when thereto we add their careless, confident, insolent
manner, we cease to wonder that the people give them way, and stop
after they have passed to look at them again. They are gladiators-
wrestlers, runners, boxers, swordsmen; professionals unknown in
Judea before the coming of the Roman; fellows who, what time they
are not in training, may be seen strolling through the king's
gardens or sitting with the guards at the palace gates; or possibly
they are visitors from Caesarea, Sebaste, or Jericho; in which
Herod, more Greek than Jew, and with all a Roman's love of games and
bloody spectacles, has built vast theatres, and now keeps schools of
fighting-men, drawn, as is the custom, from the Gallic provinces, or
the Slavic tribes on the Danube.
  "By Bacchus!" says one of them, drawing his clenched hand to his
shoulder, "their skulls are not thicker than egg-shells."
  The brutal look which goes with the gesture disgusts us, and we turn
happily to something more pleasant.
  Opposite us is a fruit-stand. The proprietor has a bald head, a long
face, and a nose like the beak of a hawk. He sits upon a carpet spread
upon the dust; the wall is at his back; overhead hangs a scant
curtain; around him, within hand's reach and arranged upon little
stools, lie osier boxes full of almonds, grapes, figs, and
pomegranates. To him now comes one at whom we cannot help looking,
though for another reason than that which fixed our eyes upon the
gladiators: he is really beautiful- a beautiful Greek. Around his
temples, holding the waving hair, is a crown of myrtle, to which still
cling the pale flowers and half-ripe berries. His tunic, scarlet in
colour, is of the softest woollen fabric; below the girdle of buff
leather, which is clasped in front by a fantastic device of shining
gold, the skirt drops to the knee in folds heavy with embroidery of
the same royal metal; a scarf, also woollen, and of mixed white and
yellow, crosses his throat and falls trailing at his back; his arms
and legs, where exposed, are white as ivory, and of the polish
impossible except by perfect treatment with bath, oil, brushes, and
pincers.
  The dealer, keeping his seat, bends forward, and throws his hands up
until they meet in front of him, palm downwards and fingers extended.
  "What hast thou, this morning, O son of Paphos?" says the young
Greek, looking at the boxes rather than at the Cypriote. "I am hungry.
What hast thou for breakfast?"
  "Fruits from the Pedius- genuine- such as the singers of Antioch
take of mornings to restore the waste of their voices," the dealer
answers, in a querulous nasal tone.
  "A fig, but not one of thy best, for the singers of Antioch!" says
the Greek. "Thou art a worshipper of Aphrodite, and so am I, as the
myrtle I wear proves; therefore I tell thee their voices have the
chill of a Caspian wind. Seest thou this girdle?- a gift of the mighty
Salome- "
  "The king's sister!" exclaims the Cypriote, with another salaam.
  "And of royal taste and divine judgment. And why not? She is more
Greek than the king. But- my breakfast! Here is thy money- red coppers
of Cyprus. Give me grapes, and- "
  "Wilt thou not take the dates also?"
  "No, I am not an Arab."
  "Nor figs?"
  "That would make me a Jew. No, nothing but the grapes. Never
waters mixed so sweetly as the blood of the Greek and the blood of the
grape."
  The singer in the grimed and seething market, with all his airs of
the court, is a vision not easily shut out of mind by such as see him;
as if for the purpose, however, a person follows him challenging all
our wonder. He comes up the road slowly, his face towards the
ground; at intervals he stops, crosses his hands upon his breast,
lengthens his countenance, and turns his eyes towards heaven, as if
about to break into prayer. Nowhere, except in Jerusalem, can such a
character be found. On his forehead, attached to the band which
keeps the mantle in place, projects a leathern case, square in form;
another similar case is tied by a thong to the left arm; the borders
of his robe are decorated with deep fringe; and by such signs- the
phylacteries, the enlarged borders of the garment, and the savour of
intense holiness pervading the whole man- we know him to be a
Pharisee, one of an organization (in religion a sect, in politics a
party) whose bigotry and power will shortly bring the world to grief.
  The densest of the throng outside the gate covers the road leading
off to Joppa. Turning from the Pharisee, we are attracted by some
parties who, as subjects of study, opportunely separate themselves
from the motley crowd. First among them a man of very noble
appearance- clear, healthful complexion; bright black eyes; beard long
and flowing, and rich with unguents; apparel well-fitting, costly, and
suitable for the season. He carries a staff, and wears, suspended by a
cord from his neck, a large golden seal. Several servants attend
him, some of them with short swords stuck through their sashes; when
they address him, it is with the utmost deference. The rest of the
party consists of two Arabs of the pure desert stock; thin, wiry
men, deeply bronzed, and with hollow cheeks, and eyes of almost evil
brightness; on their heads red tarbooshes; over their abas, and
wrapping the left shoulder and the body so as to leave the right arm
free, brown woollen haicks, or blankets. There is loud chaffering; for
the Arabs are leading horses and trying to sell them; and, in their
eagerness, they speak in high, shrill voices. The courtly person
leaves the talking mostly to his servants; occasionally he answers
with much dignity; directly, seeing the Cypriote, he stops and buys
some figs. And when the whole party has passed the portal, close after
the Pharisee, if we betake ourselves to the dealer in fruits, he
will tell, with a wonderful salaam, that the stranger is a Jew, one of
the princes of the city, who has travelled, and learned the difference
between the common grapes of Syria and those of Cyprus, so
surpassingly rich with the dews of the sea.
  And so, till towards noon, sometimes later, the steady currents of
business habitually flow in and out of the Joppa Gate, carrying with
them every variety of character; including representatives of all
the tribes of Israel, all the sects among whom the ancient faith has
been parcelled and refined away, all the religious and social
divisions, all the adventurous rabble who, as children of art and
ministers of pleasure, riot in the prodigalities of Herod, and all the
peoples of note at any time compassed by the Caesars and their
predecessors, especially those dwelling within the circuit of the
Mediterranean.
  In other words, Jerusalem, rich in sacred history, richer in
connection with sacred prophecies- the Jerusalem of Solomon, in
which silver was as stones, and cedars as the sycamores of the vale-
had come to be but a copy of Rome, a centre of unholy practices, a
seat of pagan power. A Jewish king one day put on priestly garments,
and went into the Holy of Holies of the first temple to offer incense,
and he came out a leper; but in the time of which we are reading,
Pompey entered Herod's temple and the same Holy of Holies, and came
out without harm, finding but an empty chamber, and of God not a sign.
                        CHAPTER VIII.
             JOSEPH AND MARY GOING TO BETHLEHEM.

  THE reader is now besought to return to the court described as
part of the market at the Joppa Gate. It was the third hour of the
day, and many of the people had gone away; yet the press continued
without apparent abatement. Of the new-comers, there was a group
over by the south wall, consisting of a man, a woman, and a donkey,
which requires extended notice.
  The man stood by the animal's head, holding a leading-strap, and
leaning upon a stick which seemed to have been chosen for the double
purpose of goad and staff. His dress was like that of the ordinary
Jews around him, except that it had an appearance of newness. The
mantle dropping from his head, and the robe or frock which clothed his
person from neck to heel were probably the garments he was
accustomed to wear to the synagogue on Sabbath days. His features were
exposed and they told of fifty years of life, a surmise confirmed by
the grey that streaked his otherwise black beard. He looked around him
with the half-curious, half-vacant stare of a stranger and provincial.
  The donkey ate leisurely from an armful of green grass, of which
there was an abundance in the market. In its sleepy content, the brute
did not admit of disturbance from the bustle and clamour about; no
more was it mindful of the woman sitting upon its back in a
cushioned pillion. An outer robe of dull woollen stuff completely
covered her person, while a white wimple veiled her head and neck.
Once in a while, impelled by curiosity to see or hear something
passing, she drew the wimple aside, but so slightly that the face
remained invisible.
  At length the man was accosted.
  "Are you not Joseph of Nazareth?"
  The speaker was standing close by.
  "I am so called," answered Joseph, turning gravely around. "And you-
ah, peace be unto you! my friend, Rabbi Samuel!"
  "The same give I back to you." The Rabbi paused, looking at the
woman, then added, "To you, and unto your house and all your
helpers, be peace."
  With the last word, he placed one hand upon his breast, and inclined
his head to the woman, who, to see him, had by this time withdrawn the
wimple enough to show the face of one but a short time out of
girlhood. Thereupon the acquaintances grasped right hands, as if to
carry them to their lips; at the last moment, however, the clasp was
let go, and each kissed his own hand, then put its palm upon his
forehead.
  "There is so little dust upon your garments," the Rabbi said,
familiarly, "that I infer you passed the night in this city of our
fathers."
  "No," Joseph replied, "as we could only make Bethany before the
night came, we stayed in the khan there, and took the road again at
daybreak."
  "The journey before you is long, then- not to Joppa, I hope."
  "Only to Bethlehem."
  The countenance of the Rabbi, theretofore open and friendly,
became lowering and sinister, and he cleared his throat with a growl
instead of a cough.
  "Yes, yes- I see," he said. "You were born in Bethlehem and wend
thither now, with your daughter, to be counted for taxation, as
ordered by Caesar. The children of Jacob are as the tribes in Egypt
were- only they have neither a Moses nor a Joshua. How are the
mighty fallen!"
  Joseph answered, without change of posture or countenance-
  "The woman is not my daughter."
  But the Rabbi clung to the political idea; and he went on, without
noticing the explanation, "What are the Zealots doing down in
Galilee?"
  "I am a carpenter, and Nazareth is a village," said Joseph,
cautiously. "The street on which my bench stands is not a road leading
to any city. Hewing wood and sawing plank leave me no time to take
part in the disputes of parties."
  "But you are a Jew," said the Rabbi earnestly. "You. are a Jew,
and of the line of David. It is not possible you can find pleasure
in the payment of any tax except the shekel given by ancient custom to
Jehovah."
  Joseph held his peace.
  "I do not complain," his friend continued, "of the amount of the
tax- a denarius is a trifle. Oh, no! The imposition of the tax is
the offence. And, besides, what is paying it but submission to
tyranny? Tell me, is it true that Judas claims to be the Messiah?
You live in the midst of his followers."
  "I have heard his followers say he was the Messiah," Joseph replied.
  At this point the wimple was drawn aside, and for an instant the
whole face of the woman was exposed. The eyes of the Rabbi wandered
that way, and he had time to see a countenance of rare beauty, kindled
by a look of intense interest; then a blush overspread her cheeks
and brow, and the veil was returned to its place.
  The politician forgot his subject.
  "Your daughter is comely," he said, speaking lower.
  "She is not my daughter," Joseph repeated.
  The curiosity of the Rabbi was aroused; seeing which, the Nazarene
hastened to say further, "She is the child of Joachim and Anna of
Bethlehem, of whom you have at least heard; for they were of great
repute- "
  "Yes," remarked the Rabbi, deferentially, "I know them. They were
lineally descended from David. I knew them well."
  "Well, they are dead now," the Nazarene proceeded. "They died in
Nazareth. Joachim was not rich, yet he left a house and garden to be
divided between his daughters Marian and Mary. This is one of them;
and to save her portion of the property, the law required her to marry
her next of kin. She is now my wife."
  "And you were- "
  "Her uncle."
  "Yes, yes! And as you were both born in Bethlehem, the Roman compels
you to take her there with you to be also counted."
  The Rabbi clasped his hands, and looked indignantly to heaven,
exclaiming, "The God of Israel still lives! The vengeance is His!"
  With that he turned and abruptly departed. A stranger near by,
observing Joseph's amazement, said quietly, "Rabbi Samuel is a zealot.
Judas himself is not more fierce."
  Joseph, not wishing to talk with the man, appeared not to hear,
and busied himself gathering in a little heap the grass which the
donkey had tossed abroad; after which he leaned upon his staff
again, and waited.
  In another hour the party passed out the gate, and, turning to the
left, took the road to Bethlehem. The descent into the valley of
Hinnom was quite broken, garnished here and there with straggling wild
olive-trees. Carefully, tenderly, the Nazarene walked by the woman's
side, leading-strap in hand. On their left, reaching to the south
and east round Mount Zion, rose the city wall, and on their right
the steep prominences which form the western boundary of the valley.
  Slowly they passed the Lower Pool of Gihon, out of which the sun was
fast driving the lessening shadow of the royal hill; slowly they
proceeded, keeping parallel with the aqueduct from the Pools of
Solomon, until near the site of the country-house on what is now
called the Hill of Evil Counsel; there they began to ascend to the
plain of Rephaim. The sun streamed garishly over the stony face of the
famous locality, and under its influence Mary, the daughter of
Joachim, dropped the wimple entirely, and bared her head. Joseph
told the story of the Philistines surprised in their camp there by
David. He was tedious in the narrative, speaking with the solemn
countenance and lifeless manner of a dull man. She did not always hear
him.
  Wherever on the land men go, and on the sea ships, the face and
figure of the Jew are familiar. The physical type of the race has
always been the same; yet there have been some individual
variations. "Now he was ruddy, and withal of a beautiful
countenance, and goodly to look to." Such was the son of Jesse when
brought before Samuel. The fancies of men have been ever since ruled
by the description. Poetic license has extended the peculiarities of
the ancestor to his notable descendants. So all our ideal Solomons
have fair faces, and hair and beard chestnut in the shade, and of
the tint of gold in the sun. Such, we are also made believe, were
the locks of Absolom the beloved. And, in the absence of authentic
history, tradition has dealt no less lovingly by her whom we are now
following down to the native city of the ruddy king.
  She was not more than fifteen. Her form, voice, and manner
belonged to the period of transition from girlhood. Her face was
perfectly oval, her complexion more pale than fair. The nose was
faultless; the lips, slightly parted, were full and ripe, giving to
the lines of the mouth warmth, tenderness, and trust; the eyes were
blue and large, and shaded by drooping lids and long lashes; and, in
harmony with all, a flood of golden hair, in the style permitted to
Jewish brides, fell unconfined down her back to the pillion on which
she sat. The throat and neck had the downy softness sometimes seen
which leaves the artist in doubt whether it is an effect of contour or
colour. To these charms of feature and person were added others more
indefinable- an air of purity which only the soul can impart, and of
abstraction natural to such as think much of things impalpable. Often,
with trembling lips, she raised her eyes to heaven, itself not more
deeply blue; often she crossed her hands upon her breast, as in
adoration and prayer; often she raised her head like one listening
eagerly for a calling voice. Now and then, midst his slow
utterances, Joseph turned to look at her, and, catching the expression
kindling her face as with light, forgot his theme, and with bowed
head, wondering, plodded on.
  So they skirted the great plain, and at length reached the elevation
Mar Elias; from which, across a valley, they beheld Bethlehem, the
old, old House of Bread, its white walls crowning a ridge, and shining
above the brown scumbling of leafless orchards. They paused there
and rested, while Joseph pointed out the places of sacred renown; then
they went down into the valley to the well which was the scene of
one of the marvellous exploits of David's strong men. The narrow space
was crowded with people and animals. A fear came upon Joseph- a fear
lest, if the town were so thronged, there might not be house-room
for the gentle Mary. Without delay, he hurried on, past the pillar
of stone, marking the tomb of Rachel, up the gardened slope,
saluting none of the many persons he met on the way, until he
stopped before the portal of the khan that then stood outside the
village gates, near a junction of roads.
                        CHAPTER IX.
                  THE CAVE AT BETHLEHEM.

  To understand thoroughly what happened to the Nazarene at the
khan, the reader must be reminded that Eastern inns were different
from the inns of the Western world. They were called khans, from the
Persian, and, in simplest form, were fenced enclosures, without
house or shed, often without a gate or entrance. Their sites were
chosen with reference to shade, defence, or water. Such were the
inns that sheltered Jacob when he went to seek a wife in Padan-Aram.
Their like may be seen at this day in the stopping-places of the
desert. On the other hand, some of them, especially those on the roads
between great cities, like Jerusalem and Alexandria, were princely
establishments, monuments to the piety of the kings who built them. In
ordinary, however, they were no more than the house or possession of a
sheik, in which, as in headquarters, he swayed his tribe. Lodging
the traveller was the least of their uses; they were markets,
factories, forts; places of assemblage and residence for merchants and
artisans quite as much as places of shelter for belated and
wandering wayfarers. Within their walls, all the year round,
occurred the multiplied daily transactions of a town.
  The singular management of these hostelries was the feature likely
to strike a Western mind with most force. There was no host or
hostess; no clerk, cook, or kitchen; a steward at the gate was all the
assertion of government or proprietorship anywhere visible.
Strangers arriving stayed at will without rendering account. A
consequence of the system was that whoever came had to bring his
food and culinary outfit with him, or buy them of dealers in the khan.
The same rule held good as to his bed and bedding, and forage, for his
beasts. Water, rest, shelter, and protection were all he looked for
from the proprietor, and they were gratuities. The peace of synagogues
was sometimes broken by brawling disputants, but that of the khans
never. The houses and all their appurtenances were sacred: a well
was not more so.
  The khan at Bethlehem, before which Joseph and his wife stopped, was
a good specimen of its class, being neither very primitive nor very
princely. The building was purely Oriental; that is to say, a
quadrangular block of rough stones, one storey high, flat-roofed,
externally unbroken by a window, and with but one principal
entrance- a doorway, which was also a gateway, on the eastern side, or
front. The road ran by the door so near that the chalk dust half
covered the lintel. A fence of flat rocks, beginning at the
northeastern corner of the pile, extended many yards down the slope to
a point from whence it swept westwardly to a limestone bluff; making
what was in the highest degree essential to a respectable khan- a safe
enclosure for animals.
  In a village like Bethlehem, as there was but one sheik, there could
not well be more than one khan; and, though born in the place, the
Nazarene, from long residence elsewhere, had no claim to hospitality
in the town. Moreover, the enumeration for which he was coming might
be the work of weeks or months; Roman deputies in the provinces were
proverbially slow; and to impose himself and wife for a period so
uncertain upon acquaintances or relations was out of the question. So,
before he drew nigh the great house, while he was yet climbing the
slope, in the steep places toiling to hasten the donkey, the fear that
he might not find accommodations in the khan became a painful anxiety;
for he found the road thronged with men and boys who, with great
ado, were taking their cattle, horses, and camels to and from the
valley, some to water, some to the neighbouring caves. And when he was
come close by, his alarm was not allayed by the discovery of a crowd
investing the door of the establishment, while the enclosure
adjoining, broad as it was, seemed already full.
  "We cannot reach the door," Joseph said, in his slow way. "Let us
stop here, and learn, if we can, what has happened."
  The wife, without answering, quietly drew the wimple aside. The look
of fatigue at first upon her face changed to one of interest. She
found herself at the edge of an assemblage that could not be other
than a matter of curiosity to her, although it was common enough at
the khans on any of the highways which the great caravans were
accustomed to traverse. There were men on foot, running hither and
thither, talking shrilly and in all the tongues of Syria; men on
horseback screaming to men on camels; men struggling doubtfully with
fractious cows and frightened sheep; men peddling bread and wine;
and among the mass a herd of boys apparently in chase of a herd of
dogs. Everybody and everything seemed to be in motion at the same
time. Possibly the fair spectator was too weary to be long attracted
by the scene; in a little while she sighed, and settled down on the
pillion, and, as if in search of peace and rest, or in expectation
of some one, looked off to the south, and up to the tall cliffs of the
Mount of Paradise, then faintly reddening under the setting sun.
  While she was thus looking, a man pushed his way out of the press,
and, stopping close by the donkey, faced about with an angry brow. The
Nazarene spoke to him.
  "As I am what I take you to be, good friend- a son of Judah- may I
ask the cause of this multitude?"
  The stranger turned fiercely; but, seeing the solemn countenance
of Joseph, so in keeping with his deep, slow voice and speech, he
raised his hand in half-salutation, and replied-
  "Peace be to you, Rabbi! I am a son of Judah, and will answer you. I
dwell in Beth-Dagon, which, you know, is in what used to be the land
of the tribe of Dan."
  "On the road to Joppa from Modin," said Joseph.
  "Ah, you have been in Beth-Dagon," the man said, his face
softening yet more. "What wanderers we of Judah are! I have been
away from the ridge- old Ephrath, as our father Jacob called it- for
many years. When the proclamation went abroad requiring all Hebrews to
be numbered at the cities of their birth- That is my business here,
Rabbi."
  Joseph's face remained stolid as a mask, while he remarked, "I
have come for that also- I and my wife."
  The stranger glanced at Mary and kept silence. She was looking up at
the bald top of Gedor. The sun touched her upturned face, and filled
the violet depths of her eyes; and upon her parted lips trembled an
aspiration which could not have been to a mortal. For the moment,
all the humanity of her beauty seemed refined away: she was as we
fancy they are who sit close by the gate in the transfiguring light of
Heaven. The Beth-Dagonite saw the original of what, centuries after,
came as a vision of genius to Sanzio the divine, and left him
immortal.
  "Of what was I speaking? Ah! I remember. I was about to say that
when I heard of the order to come here, I was angry. Then I thought of
the old hill, and the town, and the valley falling away into the
depths of Cedron; of the vines and orchards, and fields of grain,
unfailing since the days of Boaz and Ruth; of the familiar
mountains- Gedor here, Gibeah yonder, Mar Elias there- which, when I
was a boy, were the walls of the world to me; and I forgave the
tyrants and came- I, and Rachel, my wife, and Deborah and Michal,
our roses of Sharon."
  The man paused again, looking abruptly at Mary, who was now
looking at him and listening. Then he said, "Rabbi, will not your wife
go to mine? You may see her yonder with the children, under the
leaning olive-tree at the bend of the road. I tell you"- he turned
to Joseph and spoke positively- "I tell you the khan is full. It is
useless to ask at the gate."
  Joseph's will was slow, like his mind; he hesitated, but at length
replied, "The offer is kind. Whether there be room for us or not in
the house, we will go see your people. Let me speak to the
gatekeeper myself. I will return quickly."
  And, putting the leading-strap in the stranger's hand, he pushed
into the stirring crowd.
  The keeper sat on a great cedar block outside the gate. Against
the wall behind him leaned a javelin. A dog squatted on the block by
his side.
  "The peace of Jehovah be with you," said Joseph, at last confronting
the keeper.
  "What you give, may you find again; and, when found, be it many
times multiplied to you and yours," returned the watchman, gravely,
though without moving.
  "I am a Bethlehemite," said Joseph, in his most deliberate way.
"Is there not room for- "
  "There is not."
  "You may have heard of me- Joseph of Nazareth. This is the house
of my fathers. I am of the line of David."
  These words held the Nazarene's hope. If they failed him, further
appeal was idle, even that of the offer of many shekels. To be a son
of Judah was one thing- in the tribal opinion a great thing; to be
of the house of David was yet another; on the tongue of a Hebrew there
could be no higher boast. A thousand years and more had passed since
the boyish shepherd became the successor of Saul and founded a royal
family. Wars, calamities, other kings, and the countless obscuring
processes of time had, as respects fortune, lowered his descendants to
the common Jewish level; the bread they ate came to them of toil never
more humble; yet they had the benefit of history sacredly kept, of
which genealogy was the first chapter and the last; they could not
become unknown; while, wherever they went in Israel, acquaintance drew
after it a respect amounting to reverence.
  If this were so in Jerusalem and elsewhere, certainly one of the
sacred line might reasonably rely upon it at the door of the khan of
Bethlehem. To say, as Joseph said, "This is the house of my
fathers," was to say the truth most simply and literally; for it was
the very house Ruth ruled as the wife of Boaz; the very house in which
Jesse and his ten sons, David the youngest, were born; the very
house in which Samuel came seeking a king, and found him; the very
house which David gave to the son of Barzillai, the friendly
Gileadite; the very house in which Jeremiah, by prayer, rescued the
remnant of his race flying before the Babylonians.
  The appeal was not without effect. The keeper of the gate slid
down from the cedar block, and, laying his hand upon his beard,
said, respectfully, "Rabbi, I cannot tell you when this door first
opened in welcome to the traveller, but it was more than a thousand
years ago; and in all that time there is no known instance of a good
man turned away, save when there was no room to rest him in. If it has
been so with the stranger, just cause must the steward have who says
no to one of the line of David. Wherefore, I salute you again; and, if
you care to go with me, I will show you that there is not a
lodging-place left in the house; neither in the chambers, nor in the
lewens, nor in the court- not even on the roof. May I ask when you
came?"
  "But now."
  The keeper smiled.
  "'The stranger that dwelleth with you shall be as one born among
you, and thou shalt love him as thyself.' Is not that the law, Rabbi?"
  Joseph was silent.
  "If it be the law, can I say to one a long time come, 'Go thy way;
another is here to take thy place'?"
  Yet Joseph held his peace.
  "And, if I said so, to whom would the place belong? See the many
that have been waiting, some of them since noon."
  "Who are all these people?" asked Joseph, turning to the crowd. "And
why are they here at this time?"
  "That which doubtless brought you, Rabbi- the decree of the Caesar"-
the keeper threw an interrogative glance at the Nazarene, then
continued- "brought most of those who have lodging in the house. And
yesterday the caravan passing from Damascus to Arabia and Lower
Egypt arrived. These you see here belong to it- men and camels."
  Still Joseph persisted.
  "The court is large," he said.
  "Yes, but it is heaped with cargoes- with bales of silk, and pockets
of spices, and goods of every kind."
  Then for a moment the face of the applicant lost its stolidity;
the lustreless, staring eyes dropped. With some warmth he next said,
"I do not care for myself, but I have with me my wife, and the night
is cold- colder on these heights than in Nazareth. She cannot live
in the open air. Is there not room in the town?"
  "These people"- the keeper waved his hand to the throng before the
door- "have all besought the town, and they report its
accommodations all engaged."
  Again Joseph studied the ground, saying, half to himself, "She is so
young! if I make her bed on the hill, the frosts will kill her."
  Then he spoke to the keeper again.
  "It may be you knew her parents, Joachim and Anna, once of
Bethlehem, and, like myself, of the line of David."
  "Yes, I knew them. They were good people. That was in my youth."
  This time the keeper's eyes sought the ground in thought. Suddenly
he raised his head.
  "If I cannot make room for you," he said, "I cannot turn you away.
Rabbi, I will do the best I can for you. How many are of your party?"
  Joseph reflected, then replied, "My wife and a friend with his
family, from Beth-Dagon, a little town over by Joppa; in all, six of
us."
  "Very well. You shall not lie out on the ridge. Bring your people
and hasten; for, when the sun goes down behind the mountain, you
know the night comes quickly, and it is nearly there now."
  "I give you the blessing of the houseless traveller; that of the
sojourner will follow."
  So saying, the Nazarene went back joyfully to Mary and the
Beth-Dagonite. In a little while the latter brought up his family, the
women mounted on donkeys. The wife was matronly, the daughters were
images of what she must have been in youth; and as they drew nigh
the door, the keeper knew them to be of the humble class.
  "This is she of whom I spoke," said the Nazarene; "and these are our
friends."
  Mary's veil was raised.
  "Blue eyes and hair of gold," muttered the steward to himself,
seeing but her. "So looked the young king when he went to sing
before Saul."
  Then he took the leading-strap from Joseph and said to Mary,
"Peace to you, O daughter of David!" Then to the others, "Peace to you
all!" Then to Joseph, "Rabbi, follow me!"
  The party were conducted into a wide passage paved with stone,
from which they entered the court of the khan. To a stranger the scene
would have been curious; but they noticed the lewens that yawned
darkly upon them from all sides, and the court itself, only to
remark how crowded they were. By a lane reserved in the stowage of the
cargoes, and thence by a passage similar to the one at the entrance,
they emerged into the enclosure adjoining the house, and came upon
camels, horses, and donkeys, tethered and dozing in close groups;
among them were the keepers, men of many lands; and they, too, slept
or kept silent watch. They went down the slope of the crowded yard
slowly, for the dull carriers of the women had wills of their own.
At length they turned into a path running towards the grey limestone
bluff overlooking the khan on the west.
  "We are going to the cave," said Joseph, laconically.
  The guide lingered till Mary came to his side.
  "The cave to which we are going," he said to her, "must have been
a resort of your ancestor David. From the field below us, and from the
well down in the valley, he used to drive his flock to it for
safety; and afterwards, when he was king, he came back to the old
house here for rest and health, bringing great trains of animals.
The mangers yet remain as they were in his day. Better a bed upon
the floor where he has slept than one in the court-yard or out by
the roadside. Ah, here is the house before the cave!"
  This speech must not be taken as an apology for the lodging offered.
There was no need of apology. The place was the best then at disposal.
The guests were simple folks, by habits of life easily satisfied. To
the Jew of that period, moreover, abode in caverns was a familiar
idea, made so by every-day occurrences, and by what he heard of
Sabbaths in the synagogues. How much of Jewish history, how many of
the most exciting incidents in that history, had transpired in
caves! Yet further, these people were Jews of Bethlehem, with whom the
idea was especially commonplace; for their locality abounded with
caves great and small, some of which had been dwelling-places from the
time of the Emim and Horites. No more was there offence to them in the
fact that the cavern to which they were being taken had been, or
was, a stable. They were the descendants of a race of herdsmen,
whose flocks habitually shared both their habitations and
wanderings. In keeping with a custom derived from Abraham, the tent of
the Bedawin yet shelters his horses and children alike. So they obeyed
the keeper cheerfully, and gazed at the house, feeling only a
natural curiosity. Everything associated with the history of David was
interesting to them.
  The building was low and narrow, projecting but a little from the
rock to which it was joined at the rear, and wholly without a
window. In its blank front there was a door, swung on enormous hinges,
and thickly daubed with ochreous clay. While the wooden bolt of the
lock was being pushed back, the women were assisted from their
pillions. Upon the opening of the door, the keeper called out-
  "Come in!"
  The guests entered, and stared about them. It became apparent
immediately that the house was but a mask or covering for the mouth of
a natural cave or grotto, probably forty feet long, nine or ten
high, and twelve or fifteen in width. The light streamed through the
doorway, over an uneven floor, falling upon piles of grain and fodder,
and earthenware and household property, occupying the centre of the
chamber. Along the sides were mangers, low enough for sleep, and built
of stones laid in cement. There were no stalls or partitions of any
kind. Dust and chaff yellowed the floor, filled all the crevices and
hollows, and thickened the spider-webs, which dropped from the ceiling
like bits of dirty linen; otherwise the place was cleanly, and, to
appearance, as comfortable as any of the arched lewens of the khan
proper. In fact, a cave was the model and first suggestion of the
lewen.
  "Come in!" said the guide. "These piles upon the floor are for
travellers like yourselves. Take what of them you need."
  Then he spoke to Mary.
  "Can you rest here?"
  "The place is sanctified," she answered.
  "I leave you then. Peace be with you all!"
  When he was gone, they busied themselves making the cave habitable.
                        CHAPTER X.
                   THE LIGHT IN THE SKY.

  AT a certain hour in the evening the shouting and stir of the people
in and about the khan ceased; at the same time, every Israelite, if
not already upon his feet, arose, solemnized his face, looked
towards Jerusalem, crossed his hands upon his breast, and prayed;
for it was the sacred ninth hour, when sacrifices were offered in
the temple on Moriah, and God was supposed to be there. When the hands
of the worshippers fell down, the commotion broke forth again;
everybody hastened to bread, or to make his pallet. A little later the
lights were put out, and there was silence, and then sleep.
                      *   *   *   *   *
  About midnight some one on the roof cried, "What light is that in
the sky? Awake, brethren, awake and see!"
  The people, half asleep, sat up and looked; then they became
wide-awake, though wonder-struck. And the stir spread to the court
below, and into the lewens; soon the entire tenantry of the house
and court and enclosure were out gazing at the sky.
  And this was what they saw. A ray of light, beginning at a height
immeasurably beyond the nearest stars, and dropping obliquely to the
earth; at its top, a diminishing point; at its base, many furlongs
in width; its sides blending softly with the darkness of the night;
its core a roseate electrical splendour. The apparition seemed to rest
on the nearest mountain south-east of the town, making a pale corona
along the line of the summit. The khan was touched luminously, so that
those upon the roof saw each other's faces, all filled with wonder.
  Steadily, through minutes, the ray lingered, and then the wonder
changed to awe and fear; the timid trembled; the boldest spoke in
whispers.
  "Saw you ever the like?" asked one.
  "It seems just over the mountain there. I cannot tell what it is,
nor did I ever see anything like it," was the answer.
  "Can it be that a star has burst and fallen?" asked another, his
tongue faltering.
  "When a star falls, its light goes out."
  "I have it!" cried one, confidently. "The shepherds have seen a
lion, and made fires to keep him from the flocks."
  The men next the speaker drew a breath of relief, and said, "Yes,
that is it! The flocks were grazing in the valley over there to-day."
  A bystander dispelled the comfort.
  "No, no! Though all the wood in all the valleys of Judah was brought
together in one pile and fired, the blaze would not throw a light so
strong and high."
  After that there was silence on the house-top, broken but once again
while the mystery continued.
  "Brethren!" exclaimed a Jew of venerable mien, "what we see is the
ladder our father Jacob saw in his dream. Blessed be the Lord God of
our fathers!"
                        CHAPTER XI.
                      CHRIST IS BORN.

  A MILE and a half, it may be two miles, south-east of Bethlehem,
there is a plain separated from the town by an intervening swell of
the mountain. Besides being well sheltered from the north winds, the
vale was covered with a growth of sycamore, dwarf-oak, and pine trees,
while in the glens and ravines adjoining there were thickets of
olive and mulberry; all at this season of the year invaluable for
the support of sheep, goats, and cattle, of which the wandering flocks
consisted.
  At the side farthest from the town, close under a bluff, there was
an extensive marah, or sheepcot, ages old. In some long-forgotten
foray the building had been unroofed and almost demolished. The
enclosure attached to it remained intact, however, and that was of
more importance to the shepherds who drove their charges thither
than the house itself. The stone wall around the lot was high as a
man's head, yet not so high but that sometimes a panther or a lion,
hungering from the wilderness, leaped boldly in. On the inside of
the wall, and as an additional security against the constant danger
a hedge of the rhamnus had been planted, an invention so successful
that now a sparrow could hardly penetrate the overtopping branches,
armed as they were with great clusters of thorns hard as spikes.
  The day of the occurrences which occupy the preceding chapters, a
number of shepherds, seeking fresh walks for their flocks, led them up
to this plain; and from early morning the groves had been made ring
with calls, and the blows of axes, the bleating of sheep and goats,
the tinkling of bells, the lowing of cattle, and the barking of
dogs. When the sun went down, they led the way to the marah, and by
nightfall had everything safe in the field; then they kindled a fire
down by the gate, partook of their humble supper, and sat down to rest
and talk, leaving one on watch.
  There were six of these men, omitting the watchman; and afterwhile
they assembled in a group near the fire, some sitting, some lying
prone. As they went bareheaded habitually, their hair stood out in
thick, coarse, sunburnt shocks; their beard covered their throats, and
fell in mats down the breast; mantles of the skin of kids and lambs,
with the fleece on, wrapped them from neck to knee, leaving the arms
exposed; broad belts girthed the rude garments to their waists;
their sandals were of the coarsest quality; from their right shoulders
hung scrips containing food and selected stones for slings, with which
they were armed; on the ground near each one lay his crook, a symbol
of his calling and a weapon of offence.
  Such were the shepherds of Judea! In appearance, rough and savage as
the gaunt dogs sitting with them around the blaze; in fact,
simple-minded, tender-hearted; effects due, in part, to the
primitive life they led, but chiefly to their constant care of
things lovable and helpless.
  They rested and talked; and their talk was all about their flocks- a
dull theme to the world, yet a theme which was all the world to
them. If in narrative they dwelt long upon affairs of trifling moment;
if one of them omitted nothing of detail in recounting the loss of a
lamb, the relation between him and the unfortunate should be
remembered: at birth it became his charge, his to keep all its days,
to help over the floods, to carry down the hollows, to name and train;
it was to be his companion, his object of thought and interest, the
subject of his will; it was to enliven and share his wanderings; in
its defence he might be called on to face the lion or robber- to die.
  The great events, such as blotted out nations and changed the
mastery of the world, were trifles to them, if perchance they came
to their knowledge. Of what Herod was doing in this city or that,
building palaces and gymnasia, and indulging forbidden practices, they
occasionally heard. As was her habit in those days, Rome did not
wait for people slow to inquire about her; she came to them. Over
the hills along which he was leading his lagging herd, or in the
fastnesses in which he was hiding them, not unfrequently the
shepherd was startled by the blare of trumpets, and, peering out
beheld a cohort, sometimes a legion, in march; and when the glittering
crests were gone, and the excitement incident to the intrusion over,
he bent himself to evolve the meaning of the eagle and gilded globes
of the soldiery, and the charm of a life so the opposite of his own.
  Yet these men, rude and simple as they were, had a knowledge and a
wisdom of their own. On Sabbaths they were accustomed to purify
themselves, and go up into the synagogues, and sit on the benches
farthest from the ark. When the chazzan bore the Torah round, none
kissed it with greater zest; when the sheliach read the text, none
listened to the interpreter with more absolute faith; and none took
away with them more of the elder's sermon, or gave it more thought
afterwards. In a verse of the Shema they found all the learning and
all the law of their simple lives- that their Lord was One God, and
that they must love Him with all their souls. And they loved Him,
and such was their wisdom, surpassing that of kings.
  While they talked, and before the first watch was over, one by one
the shepherds went to sleep, each lying where he had sat.
  The night, like most nights of the winter season in the hill
country, was clear, crisp, and sparkling with stars. There was no
wind. The atmosphere seemed never so pure, and the stillness was
more than silence; it was a holy hush, a warning that heaven was
stooping low to whisper some good thing to the listening earth.
  By the gate, hugging his mantle close, the watchman walked; at times
he stopped, attracted by a stir among the sleeping herds, or by a
Jackal's cry off on the mountain-side. The midnight was slow coming to
him; but at last it came. His task was done; now for the dreamless
sleep with which labour blesses its wearied children! He moved towards
the fire, but paused; a light was breaking around him, soft and white,
like the moon's. He waited breathlessly. The light, deepened; things
before invisible came to view; he saw the whole field, and all it
sheltered. A chill sharper than that of the frosty air- a chill of
fear- smote him. He looked up; the stars were gone; the light was
dropping as from a window in the sky; as he looked, it became a
splendour; then, in terror he cried-
  "Awake, awake!"
  Up sprang the dogs, and, howling, ran away.
  The herds rushed together bewildered.
  The men clambered to their feet, weapons in hand.
  "What is it?" they asked, in one voice.
  "See!" cried the watchman, "the sky is on fire!"
  Suddenly the light became intolerably bright, and they covered their
eyes, and dropped upon their knees; then, as their souls shrank with
fear, they fell upon their faces blind and fainting, and would have
died had not a voice said to them-
  "Fear not!"
  And they listened.
  "Fear not: for behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy,
which shall be to all people."
  The voice, in sweetness and soothing more than human, and low and
clear, penetrated all their being, and filled them with assurance.
They rose upon their knees, and, looking worshipfully, beheld in the
centre of a great glory the appearance of a man, clad in a robe
intensely white; above its shoulders towered the tops of wings shining
and folded; a star over its forehead glowed with steady lustre,
brilliant as Hesperus; its hands were stretched towards them in
blessing; its face was serene and divinely beautiful.
  They had often heard, and in their simple way talked, of angels; and
they doubted not now, but said, in their hearts, The glory of God is
about us, and this is he who of old came to the prophet by the river
of Ulai.
  Directly the angel continued-
  "For unto you is born this day, in the city of David, a Saviour
which is Christ the Lord!"
  Again there was a rest, while the words sank into their minds.
  "And this shall be a sign unto you," the annunciator said next.
"Ye shall find the babe, wrapped in swaddling-clothes, lying in a
manger."
  The herald spoke not again; his good tidings were told; yet he
stayed awhile. Suddenly the light, of which he seemed the centre,
turned roseate and began to tremble; then up, far as the men could
see, there was flashing of white wings, and coming and going of
radiant forms, and voices as of a multitude chanting in unison-
  "Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good-will
towards men!"
  Not once the praise, but many times.
  Then the herald raised his eyes as seeking approval of one far
off; his wings stirred, and spread slowly and majestically, on their
upper side white as snow, in the shadow vari-tinted, like
mother-of-pearl; when they were expanded many cubits beyond his
stature, he rose lightly, and, without effort, floated out of view,
taking the light up with him. Long after he was gone, down from the
sky fell the refrain in measure mellowed by distance, "Glory to God in
the highest, and on earth peace, good-will towards men."
  When the shepherds came fully to their senses, they stared at each
other stupidly, until one of them said, "It was Gabriel, the Lord's
messenger unto men."
  None answered.
  "Christ the Lord is born; said he not so?"
  Then another recovered his voice, and replied, "That is what he
said."
  "And did he not also say, in the city of David, which is our
Bethlehem yonder. And that we should find Him a babe in swaddling
clothes?"
  "And lying in a manger."
  The first speaker gazed into the fire thoughtfully, but at length
said, like one possessed of a sudden resolve, "There is but one
place in Bethlehem where there are mangers; but one, and that is in
the cave near the old khan. Brethren, let us go see this thing which
has come to pass. The priests and doctors have been a long time
looking for the Christ. Now He is born, and the Lord has given us a
sign by which to know Him. Let us go and worship Him."
  "But the flocks!"
  "The Lord will take care of them. Let us make haste."
  Then they all arose and left the marah.
                     *   *   *   *   *
  Around the mountain and through the town they passed, and came to
the gate of the khan, where there was a man on watch.
  "What would you have?" he asked.
  "We have seen and heard great things to-night," they replied.
  "Well, we, too, have seen great things, but heard nothing. What
did you hear?"
  "Let us go down to the cave in the enclosure, that we may be sure;
then we will tell you all. Come with us, and see for yourself."
  "It is a fool's errand."
  "No, the Christ is born."
  "The Christ! How do you know?"
  "Let us go and see first."
  The man laughed scornfully.
  "The Christ indeed! How are you to know Him?"
  "He was born this night, and is now lying in a manger, so we were
told; and there is but one place in Bethlehem with mangers."
  "The cave?"
  "Yes. Come with us."
  They went through the court-yard without notice, although there were
some up even then talking about the wonderful light. The door of the
cavern was open. A lantern was burning within, and they entered
unceremoniously.
  "I give you peace," the watchman said to Joseph and the
Beth-Dagonite. "Here are people looking for a child born this night,
whom they are to know by finding Him in swaddling-clothes and lying in
a manger."
  For a moment the face of the stolid Nazarene was moved; turning
away, he said, "The child is here."
  They were led to one of the mangers, and there the child was. The
lantern was brought, and the shepherds stood by mute. The little one
made no sign; it was as others just born.
  "Where is the mother?" asked the watchman.
  One of the women took the baby, and went to Mary, lying near, and
put it in her arms. Then the bystanders collected about the two.
  "It is the Christ!" said a shepherd at last.
  "The Christ!" they all repeated, falling upon their knees in
worship. One of them repeated several times over-
 "It is the Lord, and His glory is above the earth and heaven."
  And the simple men, never doubting, kissed the hem of the mother's
robe, and with joyful faces departed. In the khan, to all the people
aroused and pressing about them, they told their story; and through
the town, and all the way back to the marah, they chanted the
refrain of the angels, "Glory to God in the highest, and on earth
peace, good-will towards men!"
  The story went abroad, confirmed by the light so generally seen; and
the next day, and for days thereafter, the cave was visited by curious
crowds, of whom some believed, though the greater part laughed and
mocked.
                        CHAPTER XII.
              THE WISE MEN ARRIVE AT JERUSALEM.

  THE eleventh day after the birth of the child in the cave, about
mid-afternoon, the three wise men approached Jerusalem by the road
from Shechem. After crossing Brook Cedron, they met many people, of
whom none failed to stop and look after them curiously.
  Judea was of necessity an international thoroughfare; a narrow
ridge, raised, apparently, by the pressure of the desert on the
east, and the sea on the west, was all she could claim to be; over the
ridge, however, nature had stretched the line of trade between the
east and the south; and that was her wealth. In other words, the
riches of Jerusalem were the tolls she levied on passing commerce.
Nowhere else, consequently, unless in Rome, was there such constant
assemblage of so many people of so many different nations; in no other
city was a stranger less strange to the residents than within her
walls and purlieus. And yet these three men excited the wonder of
all whom they met on the way to the gates.
  A child belonging to some women sitting by the roadside opposite the
Tombs of the Kings saw the party coming; immediately it clapped its
hands, and cried, "Look, look! What pretty bells! What big camels!"
  The bells were silver; the camels, as we have seen, were of
unusual size and whiteness, and moved with singular stateliness; the
trappings told of the desert and of long journeys thereon, and also of
ample means in possession of the owners, who sat under the little
canopies exactly as they appeared at the rendezvous beyond the
Jebel. Yet it was not the bells or the camels, or their furniture,
or the demeanour of the riders, that were so wonderful; it was the
question put by the man who rode foremost of the three.
  The approach to Jerusalem from the north is across a plain which
dips southward, leaving the Damascus Gate in a vale or hollow. The
road is narrow, but deeply cut by long use, and in places difficult on
account of the cobbles left loose and dry by the washing of the rains.
On either side, however, there stretched, in the old time, rich fields
and handsome olive-groves, which must, in luxurious growth, have
been beautiful, especially to travellers fresh from the wastes of
the desert. In this road the three stopped before the party in front
of the Tombs.
  "Good people," said Balthasar, stroking his plaited beard and
bending from his cot, "is not Jerusalem close by?"
  "Yes," answered the woman into whose arms the child had shrunk.
"If the trees on yon swell were a little lower, you could see the
towers on the Market-place."
  Balthasar gave the Greek and the Hindoo a look, then asked,
  "Where is He that is born King of the Jews?"
  The women gazed at each other without reply.
  "You have not heard of Him?"
  "No."
  "Well tell everybody that we have seen His star in the east, and are
come to worship Him."
  Thereupon the friends rode on. Of others they asked the same
question, with like result. A large company whom they met going to the
Grotto of Jeremiah were so astonished by the inquiry and the
appearance of the travellers that they turned about and followed
them into the city.
  So much were the three occupied with the idea of their mission
that they did not care for the view which presently rose before them
in the utmost magnificence: for the village first to receive them on
Bezetha; for Mizpah and Olivet, over on their left; for the wall
behind the village, with its forty tall and solid towers, superadded
partly for strength, partly to gratify the critical taste of the
kingly builder; for the same towered wall bending off to the right,
with many an angle, and here and there an embattled gate, up to the
three great white piles, Phasaelus, Mariamne, and Hippicus; for
Zion, tallest of the hills, crowned with marble palaces, and never
so beautiful; for the glittering terraces of the temple on Moriah,
admittedly one of the wonders of the earth; for the regal mountains
rimming the sacred city round about until it seemed in the hollow of a
mighty bowl.
  They came, at length, to a tower of great height and strength,
overlooking the gate which, at that time, answered to the present
Damascus Gate, and marked the meeting place of the three roads from
Shechem, Jericho, and Gibeon. A Roman guard kept the passage-way. By
this time the people following the camels formed a train sufficient to
draw the idlers hanging about the portal; so that when Balthasar
stopped to speak to the sentinel, the three became instantly the
centre of a close circle eager to hear all that passed.
  "I give you peace," the Egyptian said, in a clear voice.
  The sentinel made no reply.
  "We have come great distances in search of one who is born King of
the Jews. Can you tell us where He is?"
  The soldier raised the visor of his helmet, and called loudly.
From an apartment at the right of the passage an officer appeared.
  "Give way," he cried, to the crowd which now pressed closer in;
and as they seemed slow to obey, he advanced, twirling his javelin
vigorously, now right, now left; and so he gained room.
  "What would you?" he asked of Balthasar, speaking in the idiom of
the city.
  And Balthasar answered in the same-
  "Where is He that is born King of the Jews?"
  "Herod?" asked the officer, confounded.
  "Herod's kingship is from Caesar; not Herod."
  "There is no other King of the Jews."
  "But we have seen the star of Him we seek, and come to worship Him."
  The Roman was perplexed.
  "Go farther," he said, at last. "Go farther. I am not a Jew. Carry
the question to the doctors in the Temple, or to Hannas the priest,
or, better still, to Herod himself. If there be another King of the
Jews, he will find him."
  Thereupon he made way for the strangers, and they passed the gate.
But, before entering the narrow street, Balthasar lingered to say to
His friends, "We are sufficiently proclaimed. By midnight the whole
city will have heard of us and of our mission, Let us to the khan
now."
                        CHAPTER XIII.
                 THE WITNESSES BEFORE HEROD.

  THAT evening, before sunset, some women were washing clothes on
the upper step of the flight that led down into the basin of the
Pool of Siloam. They knelt each before a broad bowl of earthenware.
A girl at the foot of the steps kept them supplied with water, and
sang while she filled the jar. The song was cheerful, and no doubt
lightened their labour. Occasionally they would sit upon their
heels, and look up the slope of Ophel, and round to the summit of what
is now the Mount of Offence, then faintly glorified by the dying sun.
  While they plied their hands, rubbing and wringing the clothes in
the bowls, two other women came to them, each with an empty jar upon
her shoulder.
  "Peace to you," one of the new-comers said.
  The labourers paused, sat up, wrung the water from their hands,
and returned the salutation.
  "It is nearly night- time to quit."
  "There is no end to work," was the reply.
  "But there is a time to rest, and- "
  "To hear what may be passing," interposed another.
  "What news have you?"
  "Then you have not heard?"
  "No."
  "They say the Christ is born," said the newsmonger, plunging into
her story.
  It was curious to see the faces of the labourers brighten with
interest; on the other side down came the jars, which, in a moment,
were turned into seats for their owners.
  "The Christ!" the listeners cried.
  "So they say."
  "Who?"
  "Everybody; it is common talk."
  "Does anybody believe it?"
  "This afternoon three men came across Brook Cedron on the road
from Shechem," the speaker replied, circumstantially, intending to
smother doubt. "Each one of them rode a camel spotless white, and
larger than any ever before seen in Jerusalem."
  The eyes and mouths of the auditors opened wide.
  "To prove how great and rich the men were," the narrator
continued, "they sat under awnings of silk; the buckles of their
saddles were of gold, as was the fringe of their bridles; the bells
were of silver, and made real music. Nobody knew them; they looked
as if they had come from the ends of the world. Only one of them
spoke, and of everybody on the road, even the women and children, he
asked this question- 'Where is He that is born King of the Jews?' No
one gave them answer- no one understood what they meant; so they
passed on, leaving behind them this saying: 'For we have seen His star
in the east, and are come to worship Him.' They put the question to
the Roman at the gate; and he, no wiser than the simple people on
the road, sent them up to Herod."
  "Where are they now?"
  "At the khan. Hundreds have been to look at them already, and
hundreds more are going."
  "Who are they?"
  "Nobody knows. They are said to be Persians- wise men who talk
with the stars- prophets, it may be, like Elijah and Jeremiah."
  "What do they mean by King of the Jews?"
  "The Christ, and that He is just born."
  One of the women laughed, and resumed her work, saying, "Well,
when I see Him I will believe."
  Another followed her example: "And I- well, when I see Him raise the
dead, I will believe."
  A third said, quietly, "He has been a long time promised. It will be
enough for me to see Him heal one leper."
  And the party sat talking until the night came, and, with the help
of the frosty air, drove them home.
                       *   *   *   *   *
  Later in the evening, about the beginning of the first watch,
there was an assemblage in the palace on Mount Zion, of probably fifty
persons, who never came together except by order of Herod, and then
only when he had demanded to know some one or more of the deeper
mysteries of the Jewish law and history. It was, in short, a meeting
of the teachers of the colleges, of the chief priests, and of the
doctors most noted in the city for learning- the leaders of opinion,
expounders of the different creeds; princes of the Sadducees;
Pharisaic debaters; calm, soft-spoken, stoical philosophers of the
Essene socialists.
  The chamber in which the session was held belonged to one of the
interior court-yards of the palace, and was quite large and
Romanesque. The floor was tesselated with marble blocks; the walls,
unbroken by a window, were frescoed in panels of saffron yellow; a
divan occupied the centre of the apartment, covered with cushions of
bright-yellow cloth, and fashioned in form of the letter U, the
opening towards the doorway; in the arch of the divan, or as it
were, in the bend of the letter, there was an immense bronze tripod,
curiously inlaid with gold and silver, over which a chandelier dropped
from the ceiling, having seven arms, each holding a lighted lamp.
The divan and the lamp were purely Jewish.
  The company sat upon the divan after the style of Orientals, in
costume singularly uniform, except as to colour. They were mostly
men advanced in years; immense beards covered their faces; to their
large noses were added the effects of large black eyes deeply shaded
by bold brows; their demeanour was grave, dignified, even patriarchal.
In brief, their session was that of the Sanhedrim.
  He who sat before the tripod, however, in the place which may be
called the head of the divan, having all the rest of his associates on
his right and left, and at the same time, before him, evidently
president of the meeting, would have instantly absorbed the
attention of a spectator. He had been cast in large mould, but was now
shrunken and stooped to ghastliness: his white robe dropped from his
shoulders in folds that gave no hint of muscle or anything but an
angular skeleton. His hands, half concealed by sleeves of silk,
white and crimson striped, were clasped upon his knees. When he spoke,
sometimes the first finger of the right hand extended tremulously;
he seemed incapable of other gesture. But his head was a splendid
dome. A few hairs whiter than fine-drawn silver, fringed the base;
over a broad, full-sphered skull the skin was drawn close, and shone
in the light with positive brilliance; the temples were deep
hollows, from which the forehead beetled like a wrinkled crag; the
eyes were wan and dim; the nose was pinched; and all the lower face
was muffled in a beard flowing and venerable as Aaron's. Such was
Hillel the Babylonian! The line of prophets, long extinct in Israel,
was now succeeded by a line of scholars, of whom he was first in
learning- a prophet in all but the divine inspiration! At the age of
one hundred and six he was still Rector of the Great College.
  On the table before him lay outspread a roll or volume of
parchment inscribed with Hebrew characters; behind him, in waiting,
stood a page richly habited.
  There had been discussion, but at this moment of introduction the
company had reached a conclusion; each one was in an attitude of rest,
and the venerable Hillel, without moving, called the page.
  "Hist!"
  The youth advanced respectfully.
  "Go tell the king we are ready to give him answer."
  The boy hurried away.
  After a time two officers entered, and stopped one on each side
the door; after them slowly followed a most striking personage- an old
man clad in a purple robe bordered with scarlet, and girt to his waist
by a band of gold linked so fine that it was pliable as leather; the
latchets of his shoes sparkled with precious stones; a narrow crown
wrought in filigree shone outside a tarbooshe of softest crimson
plush, which, encasing his head, fell down the neck and shoulders,
leaving the throat and neck exposed. Instead of a seal, a dagger
dangled from his belt. He walked with a halting step, leaning
heavily upon a staff. Not until he reached the opening of the divan
did he pause or look up from the floor; then, as for the first time
conscious of the company, and roused by their presence, he raised
himself and looked haughtily round like one startled and searching for
an enemy- so dark, suspicious, and threatening was the glance. Such
was Herod the Great- a body broken by diseases, a conscience seared
with crimes, a mind magnificently capable, a soul fit for
brotherhood with the Caesars; now seven-and-sixty years old, but
guarding his throne with a jealousy never so vigilant, a power never
so despotic, and a cruelty never so inexorable.
  There was a general movement on the part of the assemblage- a
bending-forward in salaam by the more aged, a rising-up by the more
courtly, followed by low genuflexions, hands upon the beard or breast.
  His observations taken, Herod moved on until at the tripod
opposite the venerable Hillel, who met his cold glance with an
inclination of the head, and a slight lifting of the hands.
  "The answer!" said the king, with imperious simplicity, addressing
Hillel, and planting his staff before him with both hands. "The
answer!"
  The eyes of the patriarch glowed mildly, and, raising his head,
and looking the inquisitor full in the face, he answered, his
associates giving him closest attention-
  "With thee, O king, be the peace of God, of Abraham, Isaac, and
Jacob!"
  His manner was that of invocation; changing it, he resumed-
  "Thou hast demanded of us where the Christ should be born."
  The king bowed, though the evil eyes remained fixed upon the
sage's face.
  "That is the question."
  "Then, O king, speaking for myself, and all my brethren here, not
one dissenting, I say, in Bethlehem of Judea."
  Hillel glanced at the parchment on the tripod; and pointing with his
tremulous finger, continued, "In Bethlehem of Judea, for thus it is
written by the prophet, 'And thou, Bethlehem, in the land of Judea,
art not the least among the princes of Judah; for out of thee shall
come a governor that shall rule my people Israel.'"
  Herod's face was troubled, and his eyes fell upon the parchment
while he thought. Those beholding him scarcely breathed; they spoke
not, nor did he. At length he turned about and left the chamber.
  "Brethren," said Hillel, "we are dismissed."
  The company then arose, and in groups departed.
  "Simeon," said Hillel again.
  A man, quite fifty years old, but in the hearty prime of life,
answered and came to him.
  "Take up the sacred parchment, my son; roll it tenderly."
  The order was obeyed.
  "Now lend me thy arm; I will to the litter."
  The strong man stooped; with his withered hands, the old one took
the offered support, and, rising, moved feebly to the door.
  So departed the famous Rector and Simeon, his son, who was to be his
successor in wisdom, learning, and office.
                      *   *   *   *   *
  Yet later in the evening the wise men were lying in a lewen of the
khan awake. The stones which served them as pillows raised their heads
so they could look out of the open arch into the depths of the sky;
and as they watched the twinkling of the stars, they thought of the
next manifestation. How would it come? What would it be? They were
in Jerusalem at last; they had asked at the gate for Him they
sought; they had born witness of His birth; it remained only to find
Him; and as to that, they placed all trust in the Spirit. Men
listening for the voice of God, or waiting a sign from Heaven,
cannot sleep.
  While they were in this condition, a man stepped in under the
arch, darkening the lewen.
  "Awake!" he said to them; "I bring you a message which will not be
put off."
  They all sat up.
  "From whom?" asked the Egyptian.
  "Herod the king."
  Each one felt his spirit thrill.
  "Are you not the steward of the khan?" Balthasar asked next.
  "I am."
  "What would the king with us?"
  "His messenger is without; let him answer."
  "Tell him, then, to abide our coming."
  "You were right, O my brother!" said the Greek, when the steward was
gone. "The question put to the people on the road, and to the guard at
the gate, has given us quick notoriety. I am impatient; let us up
quickly."
  They arose, put on their sandals, girt their mantles about them, and
went out.
  "I salute you, and give you peace, and pray your pardon; but my
master, the king, has sent me to invite you to the palace, where he
would have speech with you privately."
  Thus the messenger discharged his duty.
  A lamp hung in the entrance, and by its light they looked at each
other, and knew the Spirit was upon them. Then the Egyptian stepped to
the steward, and said, so as not to be heard by the others, "You
know where our goods are stored in the court, and where our camels are
resting. While we are gone, make all things ready for our departure,
if it should be needful."
  "Go your way assured; trust me," the steward replied.
  "The king's will is our will," said Balthasar to the messenger.
"We will follow you."
  The streets of the Holy City were narrow then as now, but not so
rough and foul; for the great builder, not content with beauty,
enforced cleanliness and convenience also. Following their guide,
the brethren proceeded without a word. Through the dim starlight, made
dimmer by the walls on both sides, sometimes almost lost under bridges
connecting the house-tops, out of a low ground they ascended a hill.
At last they came to a portal reared across the way. In the light of
fires blazing before it in two great braziers, they caught a glimpse
of the structure, and also of some guards leaning motionlessly upon
their arms. They passed into a building unchallenged. Then by passages
and arched halls; through courts, and under colonnades not always
lighted; up long flights of stairs, past innumerable cloisters and
chambers, they were conducted into a tower of great height. Suddenly
the guide halted, and, pointing through an open door, said to them-
  "Enter. The king is there."
  The air of the chamber was heavy with the perfume of sandalwood, and
all the appointments within were effeminately rich. Upon the floor,
covering the central space, a tufted rug was spread, and upon that a
throne was set. The visitors had but time, however, to catch a
confused idea of the place- of carved and gilt ottomans and couches;
of fans, and jars, and musical instruments; of golden candlesticks
glittering in their own lights; of walls painted in the style of the
voluptuous Grecian school, one look at which had made a Pharisee
hide his head with holy horror. Herod, sitting upon the throne to
receive them clad as when at the conference with the doctors and
lawyers, claimed all their minds.
  At the edge of the rug, to which they advanced uninvited, they
prostrated themselves. The king touched a bell. An attendant came
in, and placed three stools before the throne.
  "Seat yourselves," said the monarch, graciously.
  "From the North Gate," he continued, when they were at rest, "I
had this afternoon report of the arrival of three strangers, curiously
mounted, and appearing as if from far countries. Are you the men?"
  The Egyptian took the sign from the Greek and the Hindoo, and
answered, with the profoundest salaam, "Were we other than we are, the
mighty Herod, whose fame is as incense to the whole world, would not
have sent for us. We may not doubt that we are the strangers.
  Herod acknowledged the speech with a wave of the hand.
  "Who are you? Whence do you come?" he asked, adding,
significantly, "let each speak for himself."
  In turn they gave him account, referring simply to the cities and
lands of their birth, and the routes by which they came to
Jerusalem. Somewhat disappointed, Herod plied them more directly.
  "What was the question you put to the officer at the gate?"
  "We asked him, Where is He that is born King of the Jews."
  "I see now why the people were so curious. You excite me no less. Is
there another King of the Jews?"
  The Egyptian did not blanch.
  "There is one newly born."
  An expression of pain knit the dark face of the monarch, as if his
mind were swept by a harrowing recollection.
  "Not to me, not to me?" he exclaimed.
  Possibly the accusing images of his murdered children flitted before
him: recovering from the emotion, whatever it was he asked,
steadily, "Where is the new King?"
  "That, O king, is what we would ask."
  "You bring me a wonder- a riddle surpassing any of Solomon's," the
inquisitor said next. "As you see, I am in the time of life when
curiosity is as ungovernable as it was in childhood, when to trifle
with it is cruelty. Tell me further, and I will honour you as kings
honour each other. Give me all you know about the newly born, and I
will join you in the search for Him; and when we have found Him, I
will do what you wish; I will bring Him to Jerusalem, and train Him in
kingcraft; I will use my grace with Caesar for His promotion and
glory. Jealousy shall not come between us, so I swear. But tell me
first how, so widely separated by seas and deserts, you all came to
hear of Him."
  "I will tell you truly, O king."
  "Speak on," said Herod.
  Balthasar raised himself erect, and said, solemnly-
  "There is an Almighty God."
  Herod was visibly startled.
  "He bade us come hither, promising that we should find the
Redeemer of the World; that we should see and worship Him, and bear
witness that He was come; and, as a sign, we were each given to see
a star. His Spirit stayed with us. O king, His Spirit is with us now!"
  An overpowering feeling seized the three. The Greek with
difficulty restrained an outcry. Herod's gaze darted quickly from
one to the other; he was more suspicious and dissatisfied than before.
  "You are mocking me," he said. "If not, tell me more. What is to
follow the coming of the new king?"
  "The salvation of men."
  "From what?"
  "Their wickedness."
  "How?"
  "By the divine agencies- Faith, Love, and Good Works."
  "Then"- Herod paused, and from his look no man could have said
with what feeling he continued- "you are the heralds of the Christ. Is
that all?"
  Balthasar bowed low.
  "We are your servants, O king."
  The monarch touched a bell, and the attendant appeared.
  "Bring the gifts," the master said.
  The attendant went out, but in a little while returned, and,
kneeling before the guests, gave to each one an outer robe or mantle
of scarlet and blue, and a girdle of gold. They acknowledged the
honours with Eastern prostrations.
  "A word further," said Herod, when the ceremony was ended. "To the
officer of the gate, and but now to me, you spoke of seeing a star
in the east."
  "Yes," said Balthasar, "His star, the star of the newly born."
  "What time did it appear?"
  "When we were bidden come hither."
  Herod arose, signifying the audience was over. Stepping from the
throne towards them, he said, with all graciousness-
  "If, as I believe, O illustrious men, you are indeed the heralds
of the Christ just born, know that I have this night consulted those
wisest in things Jewish, and they say with one voice He should be born
in Bethlehem of Judea. I say to you, go thither; go and search
diligently for the young child; and when you have found Him bring me
word again, that I may come and worship Him. To your going there shall
be no let or hindrance. Peace be with you!"
  And folding his robe about him, he left the chamber.
  Directly the guide came, and led them back to the street, and thence
to the khan, at the portal of which the Greek said, impulsively,
"Let us to Bethlehem, O brethren, as the king has advised."
  "Yes," cried the Hindoo. "The Spirit burns within me."
  "Be it so," said Balthasar, with equal warmth. "The camels are
ready."
  They gave gifts to the steward, mounted into their saddles, received
directions to the Joppa Gate, and departed. At their approach the
great valves were unbarred, and they passed out into the open country,
taking the road so lately travelled by Joseph and Mary. As they came
up out of Hinnom, on the plain of Rephaim, a light appeared, at
first wide-spread and faint. Their pulses fluttered fast The light
intensified rapidly; they closed their eyes against its burning
brilliance: when they dared look again, lo! the star, perfect as any
in the heavens, but low down and moving slowly before them. And they
folded their hands, and shouted, and rejoiced with exceeding great
joy.
  "God is with us! God is with us!" they repeated in frequent cheer,
all the way, until the star, rising out of the valley beyond Mar
Elias, stood still over a house on the slope of the hill near the
town.
                        CHAPTER XIV.
                  THE WISE FIND THE CHILD.

  IT was now the beginning of the third watch, and at Bethlehem the
morning was breaking over the mountains in the east, but so feebly
that it was yet night in the valley. The watchman on the roof of the
old khan, shivering in the chilly air, was listening for the first
distinguishable sounds with which life, awakening, greets the dawn,
when a light came moving up the hill towards the house. He thought
it a torch in some one's hand; next moment he thought it a meteor; the
brilliance grew, however, until it became a star. Sore afraid, he
cried out, and brought everybody within the walls to the roof. The
phenomenon, in eccentric motion, continued to approach; the rocks,
trees, and roadway under it shone as in a glare of lightning; directly
its brightness became blinding. The more timid of the beholders fell
upon their knees, and prayed, with their faces hidden; the boldest,
covering their eyes, crouched, and now and then snatched glances
fearfully. Afterwhile the khan and everything thereabout lay under the
intolerable radiance. Such as dared look beheld the star standing
still directly over the house in front of the cave where the Child had
been born.
  In the height of this scene the wise men came up, and at the gate
dismounted from their camels, and shouted for admission. When the
steward so far mastered his terror as to give them heed, he drew the
bars and opened to them. The camels looked spectral in the unnatural
light, and, besides their outlandishness, there were in the faces
and manner of the three visitors an eagerness and exaltation which
still further excited the keeper's fears and fancy; he fell back,
and for a time could not answer the question they put to him.
  "Is not this Bethlehem of Judea?"
  But others came, and by their presence gave him assurance.
  "No, this is but the khan; the town lies farther on."
  "Is there not here a child newly born?"
  The bystanders turned to each other marvelling, though some of
them answered, "Yes, yes."
  "Show us to him!" said the Greek, impatiently.
  "Show us to him!" cried Balthasar, breaking through his gravity;
"for we have seen his star, even that which ye behold over the
house, and are come to worship him."
  The Hindoo clasped his hands, exclaiming, "God indeed lives! Make
haste, make haste! The Saviour is found. Blessed, blessed are we above
men!"
  The people from the roof came down and followed the strangers as
they were taken through the court and out into the enclosure; at sight
of the star yet above the cave, though less candescent than before,
some turned back afraid; the greater part went on. As the strangers
neared the house, the orb arose; when they were at the door, it was
high up overhead vanishing; when they entered, it went out, lost to
sight. And to the witnesses of what then took place came a
conviction that there was a divine relation between the star and the
strangers, which extended also to at least some of the occupants of
the cave. When the door was opened, they crowded in.
  The apartment was lighted by a lantern enough to enable the
strangers to find the mother, and the child awake in her lap.
  "Is the child thine?" asked Balthasar of Mary.
  And she, who had kept all the things in the least affecting the
little one, and pondered them in her heart, held it up in the light,
saying-
  "He is my son!"
  And they fell down and worshipped him.
  They saw the child was as other children: about its head was neither
nimbus nor material crown; its lips opened not in speech; if it
heard their expressions of joy, their invocations, their prayers, it
made no sign whatever, but, baby-like, looked longer at the flame in
the lantern than at them.
  In a little while they arose, and, returning to the camels,
brought gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh, and laid them before
the child, abating nothing of their worshipful speeches; of which no
part is given, for the thoughtful know that the pure worship of the
pure heart was then what it is now, and has always been, an inspired
song.
  And this was the Saviour they had come so far to find!
  Yet they worshipped without a doubt.
  Why?
  Their faith rested upon the signs sent them by him whom we have
since come to know as the Father: and they were of the kind to whom
his promises were so all-sufficient that they asked nothing about
his ways. Few there were who had seen the signs and heard the
promises- the Mother and Joseph, the shepherds, and the Three- yet
they all believed alike; that is to say, in this period of the plan of
salvation, God was all and the Child nothing. But look forward, O
reader! A time will come when the signs will all proceed from the Son.
Happy they who then believe in him!
  Let us wait that period.
                       BOOK SECOND.

                                   "There is a fire
           And motion of the soul which will not dwell
           In its own narrow being, but aspire
           Beyond the fitting medium of desire;
           And, but once kindled, quenchless evermore,
           Preys upon high adventure, nor can tire
           Of aught but rest."
                                               -Childe Harold.

                        CHAPTER I.
                JERUSALEM UNDER THE ROMANS.

  IT is necessary now to carry the reader forward twenty-one years, to
the beginning of the administration of Valerius Gratus, the fourth
imperial governor of Judea- a period which will be remembered as
rent by political agitations in Jerusalem, if, indeed, it be not the
precise time of the opening of the final quarrel between the Jew and
the Roman.
  In the interval Judea had been subjected to changes affecting her in
many ways, but in nothing so much as her political status. Herod the
Great died within one year after the birth of the Child- died so
miserably, that the Christian world had reason to believe him
overtaken by the Divine wrath. Like all great rulers who spend their
lives in perfecting the power they create, he dreamed of
transmitting his throne and crown- of being the founder of a
dynasty. With that intent, he left a will dividing his territories
between his three sons, Antipas, Philip, and Archelaus, of whom the
last was appointed to succeed to the title. The testament was
necessarily referred to Augustus, the emperor, who ratified all its
provisions with one exception: he withheld from Archelaus the title of
king until he proved his capacity and loyalty; in lieu thereof he
created him ethnarch, and as such permitted him to govern nine
years, when, for misconduct and inability to stay the turbulent
elements that grew and strengthened around him, he was sent into
Gaul as an exile.
  Caesar was not content with deposing Archelaus; he struck the people
of Jerusalem in a manner that touched their pride, and keenly
wounded the sensibilities of the haughty habitues of the Temple. He
reduced Judea to a Roman province, and annexed it to the prefecture of
Syria. So, instead of a king ruling royally from the palace left by
Herod on Mount Zion, the city fell into the hands of an officer of the
second grade, an appointee called procurator, who communicated with
the court in Rome through the Legate of Syria, residing in Antioch. To
make the hurt more painful, the procurator was not permitted to
establish himself in Jerusalem; Caesarea was his seat of government.
Most humiliating, however, most exasperating, most studied, Samaria,
of all the world the most despised- Samaria was joined to Judea as a
part of the same province! What ineffable misery the bigoted
Separatists or Pharisees endured at finding themselves elbowed and
laughed at in the procurator's presence in Caesarea by the devotees of
Gerizim!
  In this rain of sorrows one consolation, and one only, remained to
the fallen people; the high-priest occupied the Herodian palace in the
Market-place, and kept the semblance of a court there. What his
authority really was is a matter of easy estimate. Judgment of life
and death was retained by the procurator. Justice was administered
in the name and according to the decretals of Rome. Yet more
significant, the royal house was jointly occupied by the imperial
exciseman, and all his corps and assistants, registrars, collectors,
publicans, informers, and spies. Still, to the dreamers of liberty
to come, there was a certain satisfaction in the fact that the chief
ruler in the palace was a Jew. His mere presence there day after day
kept them reminded of the covenants and the promises of the
prophets, and the ages when Jehovah governed the tribes through the
sons of Aaron; it was to them a certain sign that he had not abandoned
them: so their hopes lived and served their patience, and helped
them wait grimly the son of Judah who was to rule Israel.
  Judea had been a Roman province eighty years and more- ample time
for the Caesars to study the idiosyncrasies of the people- time
enough, at least, to learn that the Jew, with all his pride, could
be quietly governed if his religion were respected. Proceeding upon
that policy, the predecessors of Gratus had carefully abstained from
interfering with any of the sacred observances of their subjects.
But he chose a different course: almost his first official act was
to expel Hannas from the high-priesthood, and give the place to
Ishmael, son of Fabus.
  Whether the act was directed by Augustus, or proceeded from Gratus
himself, its impolicy became speedily apparent. The reader shall be
spared a chapter on Jewish politics; a few words upon the subject,
however, are essential to such as may follow the succeeding
narration critically. At this time, leaving origin out of view,
there were in Judea the party of the nobles and the Separatist, or
popular party. Upon Herod's death the two united against Archelaus;
from temple to palace, from Jerusalem to Rome, they fought him;
sometimes with intrigue, sometimes with the actual weapons of war.
More than once the holy cloisters on Moriah resounded with the cries
of fighting-men. Finally, they drove him into exile. Meantime,
throughout this struggle the allies had their diverse objects in view.
The nobles hated Joazar, the high-priest; the Separatists, on the
other hand, were his zealous adherents. When Herod's settlement went
down with Archelaus, Joazar shared the fall. Hannas, the son of
Seth, was selected by the nobles to fill the great office; thereupon
the allies divided. The induction of the Sethian brought them face
to face in fierce hostility.
  In the course of the struggle with the unfortunate ethnarch, the
nobles had found it expedient to attach themselves to Rome. Discerning
that when the existing settlement was broken up some form of
government must needs follow, they suggested the conversion of Judea
into a province. The fact furnished the Separatists an additional
cause for attack; and, when Samaria was made part of the province, the
nobles sank into a minority, with nothing to support them but the
imperial court and the prestige of their rank and wealth; yet for
fifteen years- down, indeed, to the coming of Valerius Gratus- they
managed to maintain themselves in both palace and Temple.
  Hannas, the idol of his party, had used his power faithfully in
the interest of his imperial patron. A Roman garrison held the Tower
of Antonia; a Roman guard kept the gates of the palace; a Roman
judge dispensed justice, civil and criminal; a Roman system of
taxation, mercilessly executed, crushed both city and country;
daily, hourly, and in a thousand ways, the people were bruised, and
galled, and taught the difference between a life of independence and a
life of subjection; yet Hannas kept them in comparative quiet. Rome
had no truer friend; and he made his loss instantly felt. Delivering
his vestments to Ishmael, the new appointee, he walked from the courts
of the Temple into the councils of the Separatists, and became the
head of a new combination, Bethusian and Sethian.
  Gratus, the procurator, left thus without a party, saw the fires
which, in the fifteen years, had sunk into sodden smoke, begin to glow
with returning life. A month after Ishmael took the office, the
Roman found it necessary to visit him in Jerusalem. When from the
walls, hooting and hissing him, the Jews beheld his guard enter the
north gate of the city and march to the Tower of Antonia, they
understood the real purpose of the visit- a full cohort of legionaries
was added to the former garrison, and the keys of their yoke could now
be tightened with impunity. If the procurator deemed it important to
make an example, alas for the first offender!
                        CHAPTER II.
                    BEN-HUR AND MESSALA.

  WITH the foregoing explanation in mind, the reader is invited to
look into one of the gardens of the palace on Mount Zion. The time was
noonday in the middle of July, when the heat of summer was at its
highest.
  The garden was bounded on every side by buildings, which in places
arose two stories, with verandahs shading the doors and windows of the
lower storey, while retreating galleries, guarded by strong
balustrades, adorned and protected the upper. Here and there,
moreover, the structures fell into what appeared low colonnades,
permitting the passage of such winds as chanced to blow, and
allowing other parts of the house to be seen, the better to realize
its magnitude and beauty. The arrangement of the ground was equally
pleasant to the eye. There were walks, and patches of grass and
shrubbery, and a few large trees, rare specimens of the palm,
grouped with the carob, apricot, and walnut. In all directions the
grade sloped gently from the centre, where there was a reservoir, or
deep marble basin, broken at intervals by little gates which, when
raised, emptied the water into sluices bordering the walks- a
cunning device for the rescue of the place from the aridity too
prevalent elsewhere in the region.
  Not far from the fountain there was a small pool of clear water
nourishing a clump of cane and oleander, such as grow on the Jordan
and down by the Dead Sea. Between the clump and the pool, unmindful of
the sun shining full upon them in the breathless air, two boys, one
about nineteen, the other seventeen, sat engaged in earnest
conversation.
  They were both handsome, and, at first glance, would have been
pronounced brothers. Both had hair and eyes black; their faces were
deeply browned; and, sitting, they seemed of a size proper for the
difference in their ages.
  The elder was bareheaded. A loose tunic, dropping to the knees,
was his attire complete, except sandals and a light-blue mantle spread
under him on the seat. The costume left his arms and legs exposed, and
they were brown as the face; nevertheless, a certain grace of
manner, refinement of features, and culture of voice decided his rank.
The tunic, of softest woollen, grey-tinted, at the neck, sleeves,
and edge of the skirt bordered with red, and bound to the waist by a
tasselled silken cord, certified him the Roman he was. And if in
speech he now and then gazed haughtily at his companion and
addressed him as an inferior, he might almost be excused, for he was
of a family noble even in Rome- a circumstance which in that age
justified any assumption. In the terrible wars between the first
Caesar and his great enemies, a Messala had been the friend of Brutus.
After Philippi, without sacrifice of his honour, he and the
conqueror became reconciled. Yet later, when Octavius disputed for the
empire, Messala supported him. Octavius, as the Emperor Augustus,
remembered the service, and showered the family with honours. Among
other things, Judea being reduced to a province, he sent the son of
his old client or retainer to Jerusalem, charged with the receipt
and management of the taxes levied in that region; and in that service
the son had since remained, sharing the palace with the high-priest.
The youth just described was his son, whose habit was to carry about
with him all too faithfully a remembrance of the relation between
his grandfather and the great Romans of his day.
  The associate of the Messala was slighter in form, and his
garments were of fine white linen and of the prevalent style in
Jerusalem; a cloth covered his head, held by a yellow cord, and
arranged so as to fall away from the forehead down low over the back
of the neck. An observer skilled in the distinctions of race, and
studying his features more than his costume, would have soon
discovered him to be of Jewish descent. The forehead of the Roman
was high and narrow, his nose sharp and aquiline, while his lips
were thin and straight, and his eyes cold and close under the brows.
The front of the Israelite, on the other hand, was low and broad;
his nose long, with expanded nostrils; his upper lip, slightly shading
the lower one, short and curving to the dimpled corners, like a
Cupid's bow; points which, in connection with the round chin, full
eyes, and oval cheeks reddened with a wine-like glow, gave his face
the softness, strength, and beauty peculiar to his race. The
comeliness of the Roman was severe and chaste, that of the Jew rich
and voluptuous.
  "Did you not say the new procurator is to arrive to-morrow?"
  The question proceeded from the younger of the friends, and was
couched in Greek, at the time, singularly enough, the language
everywhere prevalent in the politer circles of Judea; having passed
from the palace into the camp and college; thence, nobody knew exactly
when or how, into the Temple itself, and, for that matter, into
precincts of the Temple far beyond the gates and cloisters-
precincts of a sanctity intolerable for a Gentile.
  "Yes, to-morrow," Messala answered.
  "Who told you?"
  "I heard Ishmael, the new governor in the palace- you call him
high-priest- tell my father so last night. The news had been more
credible, I grant you, coming from an Egyptian, who is of a race
that has forgotten what truth is, or even from an Idumaean, whose
people never knew what truth was; but, to make quite certain, I saw
a centurion from the Tower this morning, and he told me preparations
were going on for the reception; that the armourers were furbishing
the helmets and shields, and regilding the eagles and globes; and that
apartments long unused were being cleansed and aired as if for an
addition to the garrison- the body-guard, probably, of the great man."
  A perfect idea of the manner in which the answer was given cannot be
conveyed, as its fine points continually escape the power behind the
pen. The reader's fancy must come to his aid; and for that he must
be reminded that reverence as a quality of the Roman mind was fast
breaking down, or, rather, it was becoming unfashionable. The old
religion had nearly ceased to be a faith; at most it was a mere
habit of thought and expression, cherished principally by the
priests who found service in the Temple profitable, and the poets who,
in the turn of their verses, could not dispense with the familiar
deities: there are singers of this age who are similarly given. As
philosophy was taking the place of religion, satire was fast
substituting reverence; insomuch that in Latin opinion it was to every
speech, even to the little diatribes of conversation, salt to
viands, and aroma to wine. The young Messala, educated in Rome, but
lately returned, had caught the habit and manner; the scarce
perceptible movement of the outer corner of the lower eyelid, the
decided curl of the corresponding nostril, and a languid utterance
affected as the best vehicle to convey the idea of general
indifference, but more particularly because of the opportunities it
afforded for certain rhetorical pauses thought to be of prime
importance to enable the listener to take the happy conceit or receive
the virus of the stinging epigram. Such a stop occurred in the
answer just given, at the end of the allusion to the Egyptian and
Idumaean. The colour in the Jewish lad's cheeks deepened, and he may
not have heard the rest of the speech, for he remained silent, looking
absently into the depths of the pool.
  "Our farewell took place in this garden, 'The peace of the Lord go
with you!'- your last words. 'The gods keep you!' I said. Do you
remember? How many years have passed since then?"
  "Five," answered the Jew, gazing into the water.
  "Well, you have reason to be thankful to- whom shall I say? The
gods? No matter. You have grown handsome; the Greek would call you
beautiful- happy achievement of the years! If Jupiter would stay
content with one Ganymede, what a cup-bearer you would make for the
emperor! Tell me, my Judah, how the coming of the procurator is of
such interest to you."
  Judah bent his large eyes upon the questioner; the gaze was grave
and thoughtful, and caught the Roman's, and held it while he
replied, "Yes, five years. I remember the parting; you went to Rome; I
saw you start, and cried, for I loved you. The years are gone, and you
have come back to me accomplished and princely- I do not jest; and
yet- yet- I wish you were the Messala you went away."
  The fine nostril of the satirist stirred, and he put on a longer
drawl as he said, "No, no; not a Ganymede- an oracle, my Judah. A
few lessons from my teacher of rhetoric hard by the Forum- I will give
you a letter to him when you become wise enough to accept a suggestion
which I am reminded to make you- a little practice of the art of
mystery, and Delphi will receive you as Apollo himself. At sound of
your solemn voice, the Pythia will come down to you with her crown.
Seriously, O my friend, in what am I not the Messala I went away? I
once heard the greatest logician in the world. His subject was
Disputation. One saying I remember- 'Understand your antagonist before
you answer him.' Let me understand you."
  The lad reddened under the cynical look to which he was subjected;
yet he replied, firmly, "You have availed yourself, I see, of your
opportunities; from your teachers you have brought away much knowledge
and many graces. You talk with the ease of a master; yet your speech
carries a sting. My Messala, when he went away, had no poison in his
nature; not for the world would he have hurt the feelings of a
friend."
  The Roman smiled as if complimented, and raised his patrician head a
toss higher.
  "O my solemn Judah, we are not at Dodona or Pytho. Drop the
oracular, and be plain. Wherein have I hurt you?"
  The other drew a long breath, and said, pulling at the cord about
his waist, "In the five years, I, too, have learned somewhat. Hillel
may not be the equal of the logician you heard, and Simeon and Shammai
are, no doubt, inferior to your master hard by the Forum. Their
learning goes not out into forbidden paths; those who sit at their
feet arise enriched simply with knowledge of God, the law, and Israel;
and the effect is love and reverence for everything that pertains to
them. Attendance at the Great College, and study of what I heard
there, have taught me that Judea is not as she used to be. I know
the space that lies between an independent kingdom and the petty
province Judea is. I were meaner, viler than a Samaritan not to resent
the degradation of my country. Ishmael is not lawfully high-priest,
and he cannot be while the noble Hannas lives; yet he is a Levite; one
of the devoted who for thousands of years have acceptably served the
Lord God of our faith and worship. His- "
  Messala broke in upon him with a biting laugh.
  "Oh, I understand you now. Ishmael, you say, is a usurper, yet to
believe an Idumaean sooner than Ishmael is to sting like an adder.
By the drunken son of Semele, what it is to be a Jew! All men and
things, even heaven and earth, change; but a Jew never. To him there
is no backward, no forward; he is what his ancestor was in the
beginning. In this sand I draw you a circle- there! Now tell me what
more a Jew's life is? Round and round, Abraham here, Isaac and Jacob
yonder, God in the middle. And the circle- by the master of all
thunders! the circle is too large. I draw it again-." He stopped,
put his thumb upon the ground, and swept the fingers about it. "See,
the thumb-spot is the Temple, the finger-lines Judea. Outside the
little space is there nothing of value? The arts! Herod was a builder;
therefore he is accursed. Painting, sculpture! to look upon them is
sin. Poetry you make fast to your altars. Except in the synagogue, who
of you attempts eloquence? In war all you conquer in the six days
you lose on the seventh. Such your life and limit; who shall say no if
I laugh at you? Satisfied with the worship of such a people, what is
your God to our Roman Jove, who lends us his eagles that we may
compass the universe with our arms? Hillel, Simeon, Shammai, Abtalion-
what are they to the masters who teach that everything is worth
knowing that can be known?"
  The Jew arose, his face much flushed.
  "No, no; keep your place, my Judah, keep your place," Messala cried,
extending his hand.
  "You mock me."
  "Listen a little further. Directly"- the Roman smiled derisively-
"directly Jupiter and his whole family, Greek and Latin, will come
to me, as is their habit, and make an end of serious speech. I am
mindful of your goodness in walking from the old house of your fathers
to welcome me back and renew the love of our childhood- if we can.
'Go,' said my teacher, in his last lecture- 'go, and, to make your
lives great, remember Mars reigns and Eros has found his eyes.' He
meant love is nothing, war everything. It is so in Rome. Marriage is
the first step to divorce. Virtue is a tradesman's jewel. Cleopatra,
dying, bequeathed her arts, and is avenged; she has a successor in
every Roman's house. The world is going the same way; so, as to our
future, down Eros, up Mars! I am to be a soldier; and you, O my Judah,
I pity you; what can you be?"
  The Jew moved nearer the pool; Messala's drawl deepened.
  "Yes, I pity you, my fine Judah. From the college to the
synagogue; then to the Temple; then- oh, a crowning glory!- the seat
in the Sanhedrim. A life without opportunities; the gods help you. But
I- "
  Judah looked at him in time to see the flush of pride that kindled
in his haughty face as he went on.
  "But I- ah, the world is not all conquered. The sea has islands
unseen. In the north there are nations yet unvisited. The glory of
completing Alexander's march to the Far East remains to some one.
See what possibilities lie before a Roman."
  Next instant he resumed his drawl.
  "A campaign into Africa; another after the Scythian; then- a legion!
Most careers end there; but not mine. I- by Jupiter! what a
conception!- I will give up my legion for a prefecture. Think of
life in Rome with money- money, wine, women, games- poets at the
banquet, intrigues in the court, dice all the year round. Such a
rounding of life may be- a fat prefecture, and it is mine. O my Judah,
here is Syria! Judea is rich; Antioch a capital for the gods. I will
succeed Cyrenius, and you- shall share my fortune."
  The sophists and rhetoricians who thronged the public resorts of
Rome, almost monopolizing the business of teaching her patrician
youth, might have approved these sayings of Messala, for they were all
in the popular vein; to the young Jew, however, they were new, and
unlike the solemn style of discourse and conversation to which he
was accustomed. He belonged, moreover, to a race whose laws, modes,
and habits of thought forbade satire and humour; very naturally,
therefore, he listened to his friend with varying feelings; one moment
indignant, then uncertain how to take him. The superior airs assumed
had been offensive to him in the beginning; soon they became
irritating, and at last an acute smart. Anger lies close by this point
in all of us; and that the satirist evoked in another way. To the
Jew of the Herodian period patriotism was a savage passion scarcely
hidden under his common humour, and so related to his history,
religion, and God, that it responded instantly to derision of them.
Wherefore it is not speaking too strongly to say that Messala's
progress down to the last pause was exquisite torture to his hearer;
at that point the latter said, with a forced smile-
  "There are a few, I have heard, who can afford to make a jest of
their future; you convince me, O my Messala, that I am not one of
them."
  The Roman studied him; then replied, "Why not the truth in a jest as
well as a parable? The great Fulvia went fishing the other day; she
caught more than all the company besides. They said it was because the
barb of her hook was covered with gold."
  "Then you were not merely jesting?"
  "My Judah, I see I did not offer you enough," the Roman answered,
quickly, his eyes sparkling. "When I am a prefect, with Judea to
enrich me, I- will make you high-priest."
  The Jew turned off angrily.
  "Do not leave me," said Messala.
  The other stopped irresolute.
  "Gods, Judah, how hot the sun shines!" cried the patrician,
observing his perplexity. "Let us seek a shade."
  Judah answered, coldly-
  "We had better part. I wish I had not come. I sought a friend and
find a- "
  "Roman," said Messala, quickly.
  The hands of the Jew clenched, but controlling himself again, he
started off. Messala arose, and, taking the mantle from the bench,
flung it over his shoulder, and followed after; when he gained his
side, he put his hand upon his shoulder and walked with him.
  "This is the way- my hand thus- we used to walk when we were
children. Let us keep it as far as the gate."
  Apparently Messala was trying to be serious and kind, though he
could not rid his countenance of the habitual satirical expression.
Judah permitted the familiarity.
  "You are a boy; I am a man; let me talk like one."
  The complacency of the Roman was superb. Mentor lecturing the
young Telemachus could not have been more at ease.
  "Do you believe in the Parcae? Ah, I forgot, you are a Sadducee: the
Essenes are your sensible people; they believe in the sisters. So do
I. How everlastingly the three are in the way of our doing what we
please! I sit down scheming. I run paths here and there. Perpol!
Just when I am reaching to take the world in hand. I hear behind me
the grinding of scissors. I look, and there she is, the accursed
Atropos! But, my Judah, why did you get mad when I spoke of succeeding
old Cyrenius? You thought I meant to enrich myself plundering your
Judea. Suppose so; it is what some Roman will do. Why not I?"
  Judah shortened his step.
  "There have been strangers in mastery of Judea before the Roman," he
said, with lifted hand. "Where are they, Messala? She has outlived
them all. What has been will be again."
  Messala put on his drawl.
  "The Parcae have believers outside the Essenes. Welcome Judah,
welcome to the faith!"
  "No, Messala, count me not with them. My faith rests on the rock
which was the foundation of the faith of my fathers back further
than Abraham; on the covenants of the Lord God of Israel."
  "Too much passion, my Judah. How my master would have been shocked
had I been guilty of so much heat in his presence! There were other
things I had to tell you, but I fear to now."
  When they had gone a few yards the Roman spoke again.
  "I think you can hear me now, especially as what I have to say
concerns yourself. I would serve you, O handsome as Ganymede; I
would serve you with real good-will. I love you- all I can. I told you
I meant to be a soldier. Why not you also? Why not you step out of the
narrow circle which, as I have shown, is all of noble life your laws
and customs allow?"
  Judah made no reply.
  "Who are the wise men of our day?" Messala continued. "Not they
who exhaust their years quarrelling about dead things; about Baals,
Joves, and Jehovahs; about philosophies and religions. Give me one
great name, O Judah; I care not where you go to find it- to Rome,
Egypt, the East, or here in Jerusalem- Pluto take me if it belong
not to a man who wrought his fame out of the material furnished him by
the present; holding nothing sacred that did not contribute to the
end, scorning nothing that did! How was it with Herod? How with the
Maccabees? How with the first and second Caesars? Imitate them.
Begin now. At hand see- Rome, as ready to help you as she was the
Idumaean Antipater."
  The Jewish lad trembled with rage; and, as the garden gate was
dose by, he quickened his steps, eager to escape.
  "O Rome, Rome!" he muttered.
  "Be wise," continued Messala. "Give up the follies of Moses and
the traditions; see the situation as it is. Dare look the Parcae in
the face, and they will tell you, Rome is the world. Ask them of
Judea, and they will answer, She is what Rome wills."
  They were now at the gate. Judah stopped, and took the hand gently
from his shoulder, and confronted Messala, tears trembling in his
eyes.
  "I understand you, because you are a Roman; you cannot understand
me- I am an Israelite. You have given me suffering to-day by
convincing me that we can never be the friends we have been- never!
Here we part. The peace of the God of my fathers abide with you!"
  Messala offered him his hand; the Jew walked on through the gateway.
When he was gone, the Roman was silent awhile; then he, too, passed
through, saying to himself, with a toss of the head-
  "Be it so. Eros is dead, Mars reigns!"
                        CHAPTER III.
                       A JUDEAN HOME.

  FROM the entrance to the Holy City, equivalent to what is now called
St. Stephen's Gate, a street extended westwardly, on a line parallel
with the northern front of the Tower of Antonia, though a square
from that famous castle. Keeping the course as far as the Tyropoeon
Valley, which it followed a little way south, it turned and again
ran west until a short distance beyond what tradition tells us was the
Judgment Gate, from whence it broke abruptly south. The traveller or
the student familiar with the sacred locality will recognize the
thoroughfare described as part of the Via Dolorosa- with Christians of
more interest, though of a melancholy kind, than any street in the
world. As the purpose in view does not at present require dealing with
the whole street, it will be sufficient to point out a house
standing in the angle last mentioned as marking the change of
direction south, and which, as an important centre of interest,
needs somewhat particular description.
  The building fronted north and west, probably four hundred feet each
way, and, like most pretentious Eastern structures, was two stories in
height, and perfectly quadrangular. The street on the west side was
about twelve feet wide, that on the north not more than ten; so that
one walking close to the walls and looking up at them, would have been
struck by the rude, unfinished, uninviting, but strong and imposing
appearance they presented; for they were of stone laid in large
blocks, undressed- on the outer side, in fact, just as they were taken
from the quarry. A critic of this age would have pronounced the
house fortelesque in style, except for the windows, with which it
was unusually garnished, and the ornate finish of the doorways or
gates. The western windows were four in number, the northern only two,
all set on the line of the second storey in such manner as to overhang
the thoroughfares below. The gates were the only breaks of wall
externally visible in the first storey; and, besides being so
thickly riven with iron bolts as to suggest resistance to
battering-rams, they were protected by cornices of marble,
handsomely executed, and of such bold projection as to assure visitors
well informed of the people that the rich man who resided there was
a Sadducee in politics and creed.
  Not long after the young Jew parted from the Roman at the palace
up on the Market-place, he stopped before the western gate of the
house described, and knocked. The wicket (a door hung in one of the
valves of the gate) was opened to admit him. He stepped in hastily,
and failed to. acknowledge the low salaam of the porter.
  To get an idea of the interior arrangement of the structure as
well as to see what more befell the youth, we will follow him.
  The passage into which he was admitted appeared not unlike a
narrow tunnel with panelled walls and pitted ceiling. There were
benches of stone on both sides, stained and polished by long use.
Twelve or fifteen steps carried him into a court-yard, oblong north
and south, and in every quarter, except the east, bounded by what
seemed the fronts of two-storey houses; of which the lower floor was
divided into lewens, while the upper was terraced and defended by
strong balustrading. The servants coming and going along the terraces;
the noise of mill-stones grinding; the garments fluttering from
ropes stretched from point to point; the chickens and pigeons in
full enjoyment of the place; the goats, cows, donkeys, and horses
stabled in the lewens; a massive trough of water, apparently for the
common use, declared this court appurtenant to the domestic management
of the owner. Eastwardly there was a division wall broken by another
passage-way in all respects like the first one.
  Clearing the second passage, the young man entered a second court,
spacious, square, and set with shrubbery and vines, kept fresh and
beautiful by water from a basin erected near a porch on the north
side. The lewens here were high, airy, and shaded by curtains
striped alternate white and red. The arches of the lewens rested on
clustered columns. A flight of steps on the south ascended to the
terraces of the upper storey, over which great awnings were
stretched as a defense against the sun. Another stairway reached
from the terraces to the roof, the edge of which, all around the
square, was defined by a sculptured cornice, and a parapet of
burned-clay tiling, sexangular and bright-red. In this quarter,
moreover, there was everywhere observable a scrupulous neatness,
which, allowing no dust in the angles, not even a yellow leaf upon a
shrub, contributed quite as much as anything else to the delightful
general effect; insomuch that a visitor, breathing the sweet air,
knew, in advance of introduction, the refinement of the family he
was about calling upon.
  A few steps within the second court, the lad turned to the right,
and, choosing a walk through the shrubbery, part of which was in
flower, passed to the stairway, and ascended to the terrace- a broad
pavement of white and brown flags closely laid, and much worn.
Making way under the awning to a doorway on the north side, he entered
an apartment which the dropping of the screen behind him returned to
darkness. Nevertheless, he proceeded, moving over a tiled floor to a
divan, upon which he flung himself, face downwards, and lay at rest,
his forehead upon his crossed arms.
  About nightfall a woman came to the door and called; he answered and
she went in.
  "Supper is over, and it is night. Is not my son hungry?" she asked.
  "No," he replied.
  "Are you sick?"
  "I am sleepy."
  "Your mother has asked for you."
  "Where is she?"
  "In the summer-house on the roof."
  He stirred himself, and sat up.
  "Very well. Bring me something to eat."
  "What do you want?"
  "What you please, Amrah. I am not sick, but indifferent. Life does
not seem as pleasant as it did this morning. A new ailment, O my
Amrah; and you who know me so well, who never failed me, may think
of the things now that answer for food and medicine. Bring me what you
choose."
  Amrah's questions, and the voice in which she put them- low,
sympathetic, and solicitous- were significant of an endeared
relation between the two. She laid her hand upon his forehead; then,
as satisfied, went out, saying, "I will see."
  After a while she returned, bearing on a wooden platter a bowl of
milk, some thin cakes of white bread broken, a delicate paste of
brayed wheat, a bird broiled, and honey and salt. On one end of the
platter there was a silver goblet full of wine, on the other a
brazen hand-lamp lighted.
  The room was then revealed: its walls smoothly plastered; the
ceiling broken by great oaken rafters, brown with rain stains and
time; the floor of small diamond-shaped white and blue tiles, very
firm and enduring; a few stools with legs carved in imitation of the
legs of lions; a divan raised a little above the floor, trimmed with
blue cloth, and partially covered by an immense striped woollen
blanket or shawl- in brief, a Hebrew bed-room.
  The same light also gave the woman to view. Drawing a stool to the
divan, she placed the platter upon it, then knelt close by, ready to
serve him. Her face was that of a woman of fifty, dark-skinned,
dark-eyed, and at the moment softened by a look of tenderness almost
maternal. A white turban covered her head, leaving the lobes of the
ear exposed, and in them the sign that settled her condition- an
orifice bored by a thick awl. She was a slave of Egyptian origin, to
whom not even the sacred fiftieth year could have brought freedom; nor
would she have accepted it, for the boy she was attending was her
life. She had nursed him through babyhood, tended him as a child,
and could not break the service. To her love he could never be a man.
  He spoke but once during the meal.
  "You remember, O my Amrah," he said, "the Messala who used to
visit me here days at a time."
  "I remember him."
  "He went to Rome some years ago, and is now back. I called upon
him to-day."
  A shudder of disgust seized the lad.
  "I knew something had happened," she said, deeply interested. "I
never liked the Messala. Tell me all."
  But he fell into musing, and to her repeated inquiries only said,
"He is much changed, and I shall have nothing more to do with him."
  When Amrah took the platter away he also went out, and up from the
terrace to the roof.
  The reader is presumed to know somewhat of the uses of the house-top
in the East. In the matter of customs, climate is a law-giver
everywhere. The Syrian summer day drives the seeker of comfort into
the darkened lewen; night, however, calls him forth early, and the
shadows deepening over the mountain-sides seem veils dimly covering
Circean singers; but they are far off, while the roof is close by, and
raised above the level of the shimmering plain enough for the
visitation of cool airs, and sufficiently above the trees to allure
the stars down closer, down at least into brighter shining. So the
roof became a resort- became playground, sleeping-chamber, boudoir,
rendezvous for the family, place of music, dance, conversation,
reverie, and prayer.
  The motive that prompts the decoration, at whatever cost, of
interiors in colder climes suggested to the Oriental the embellishment
of his house-top. The parapet ordered by Moses became a potter's
triumph; above that, later, arose towers plain and fantastic; still
later, kings and princes crowned their roofs with summer-houses of
marble and gold. When the Babylonian hung gardens in the air,
extravagance could push the idea no further.
  The lad whom we are following walked slowly across the house-top
to a tower built over the north-west corner of the palace. Had he been
a stranger he might have bestowed a glance upon the structure as he
drew nigh it, and seen all the dimness permitted- a darkened mass,
low, latticed, pillared, and domed. He entered, passing under a
half-raised curtain. The interior was all darkness, except that on
four sides there were arched openings like doorways, through which the
sky, lighted with stars, was visible. In one of the openings,
reclining against a cushion from a divan, he saw the figure of a
woman, indistinct even in white floating drapery. At the sound of
his steps upon the floor, the fan in her hand stopped, glistening
where the starlight struck the jewels with which it was sprinkled, and
she sat up, and called his name.
  "Judah, my son!"
  "It is I, mother," he answered, quickening his approach.
  Going to her, he knelt, and she put her arms around him, and with
kisses pressed him to her bosom.
                        CHAPTER IV.
          THE STRANGE THINGS BEN-HUR WANTS TO KNOW.

  THE mother resumed her easy position against the cushion, while
the son took place on the divan, his head in her lap. Both of them,
looking out of the opening, could see a stretch of lower house-tops in
the vicinity, a bank of blue-blackness over in the west which they
knew to be mountains, and the sky, its shadowy depths brilliant with
stars. The city was still. Only the winds stirred.
  "Amrah tells me something has happened to you," she said,
caressing his cheek. "When my Judah was a child, I allowed small
things to trouble him, but he is now a man. He must not forget"- her
voice became very soft- "that one day he is to be my hero."
  She spoke in the language almost lost in the land, but which a
few- and they were always as rich in blood as in possessions-
cherished in its purity, that they might be more certainly
distinguished from Gentile peoples- the language in which the loved
Rebekah and Rachel sang to Benjamin.
  The words appeared to set him thinking anew; after a while, however,
he caught the hand with which she fanned him, and said, "To-day, O
my mother, I have been made to think of many things that never had
place in my mind before. Tell me, first, what am I to be?"
  "Have I not told you? You are to be my hero."
  He could not see her face, yet he knew she was in play. He became
more serious.
  "You are very good, very kind, O my mother. No one will ever love me
as you do."
  He kissed the hand over and over again.
  "I think I understand why you would have me put off the question,"
he continued. "Thus far my life has belonged to you. How gentle, how
sweet your control has been! I wish it could last forever. But that
may not be. It is the Lord's will that I shall one day become owner of
myself- a day of separation, and therefore a dreadful day to you.
Let us be brave and serious. I will be your hero, but you must put
me in the way. You know the law- every son of Israel must have some
occupation. I am not exempt, and ask now, shall I tend the herds? or
till the soil? or drive the saw? or be a clerk or lawyer? What shall I
be? Dear, good mother, help me to answer."
  "Gamaliel has been lecturing to-day," she said, thoughtfully.
  "If so, I did not hear him."
  "Then you have been walking with Simeon, who, they tell me, inherits
the genius of his family."
  "No, I have not seen him. I have been up on the Market-place, not to
the Temple. I visited the young Messala."
  A certain change in his voice attracted the mother's attention. A
presentiment quickened the beating of her heart; the fan became
motionless again.
  "The Messala!" she said. "What could he say to so trouble you?"
  "He is very much changed."
  "You mean he has come back a Roman."
  "Yes."
  "Roman!" she continued, half to herself. "To all the world the
word means master. How long has he been away?"
  "Five years."
  She raised her head, and looked off into the night.
  "The airs of the Via Sacra are well enough in the streets of the
Egyptian and in Babylon; but in Jerusalem- our Jerusalem- the covenant
abides."
  And, full of the thought, she settled back into her easy place. He
was first to speak.
  "What Messala said, my mother, was sharp enough in itself but, taken
with the manner, some of the sayings were intolerable."
  "I think I understand you. Rome, her poets, orators, senators,
courtiers, are mad with affectation of what they call satire."
  "I suppose all great peoples are proud," he went on, scarcely
noticing the interruption; "but the pride of that people is unlike all
others; in these latter days it is so grown the gods barely escape
it."
  "The gods escape!" said the mother, quickly. "More than one Roman
has accepted worship as his divine right."
  "Well, Messala always had his share of the disagreeable quality.
When he was a child I have seen him mock strangers whom even Herod
condescended to receive with honours; yet he always spared Judea.
For the first time, in conversation with me to-day, he trifled with
our customs and God. As you would have had me to do, I parted with him
finally. And now, O my dear mother, I would know with more certainty
if there be just ground for the Roman's contempt. In what am I his
inferior? Is ours a lower order of people? Why should I, even in
Caesar's presence, feel the shrinking of a slave? Tell me especially
why, if I have the soul, and so choose, I may not hunt the honours
of the world in all its fields? Why may not I take sword and indulge
the passion of war! As a poet, why may not I sing of all themes? I can
be a worker in metals, a keeper of flocks, a merchant, why not an
artist like the Greek? Tell me, O my mother- and this is the sum of my
trouble- why may not a son of Israel do all a Roman may?"
  The reader will refer these questions back to the conversation in
the Market-place; the mother, listening with all her faculties
awake, from something which would have been lost upon one less
interested in him- from the connections of the subject, the pointing
of the questions, possibly his accent and tone- was not less swift
in making the same reference. She sat up, and in a voice quick and
sharp as his own, replied, "I see, I see! From association Messala, in
boyhood, was almost a Jew; had he remained here he might have become a
proselyte, so much do we all borrow from the influences that ripen our
lives; but the years in Rome have been too much for him. I do not
wonder at the change; yet"- her voice fell- "he might have dealt
tenderly at least with you. It is a hard, cruel nature which in
youth can forget its first loves."
  Her hand dropped lightly upon his forehead, and the fingers caught
in his hair and lingered there lovingly, while her eyes sought the
highest stars in view. Her pride responded to his, not merely in echo,
but in the unison of perfect sympathy. She would answer him; at the
same time, not for the world would she have had the answer
unsatisfactory; an admission of inferiority might weaken his spirit
for life. She faltered with misgivings of her own powers.
  "What you propose, O my Judah, is not a subject for treatment by a
woman. Let me put its consideration off till to-morrow, and I will
have the wise Simeon- "
  "Do not send me to the Rector," he said, abruptly.
  "I will have him come to us."
  "No, I seek more than information; while he might give me that
better than you, O my mother, you can do better by giving me what he
cannot- the resolution which is the soul of a man's soul."
  She swept the heavens with a rapid glance, trying to compass all the
meaning of his questions.
  "While craving justice for ourselves, it is never wise to be
unjust to others. To deny valour in the enemy we have conquered is
to underrate our victory; and if the enemy be strong enough to hold us
at bay, much more to conquer us"- she hesitated- "self-respect bids us
seek some other explanation of our misfortunes than accusing him of
qualities inferior to our own."
  Thus speaking to herself rather than to him, she began-
  "Take heart, O my son. The Messala is nobly descended; his family
has been illustrious through many generations. In the days of
Republican Rome- how far back I cannot tell- they were famous, some as
soldiers, some as civilians. I can recall but one consul of the
name; their rank was senatorial, and their patronage always sought
because they were always rich. Yet if to-day your friend boasted of
his ancestry, you might have shamed him by recounting yours. If he
referred to the ages through which the line is traceable, or to deeds,
rank, or wealth- such allusions, except when great occasion demands
them, are tokens of small minds- if he mentioned them in proof of
his superiority, then without dread, and standing on each
particular, you might have challenged him to a comparison of records."
  Taking a moment's thought, the mother proceeded:
  "One of the ideas of fast hold now is that time has much to do
with the nobility of races and families. A Roman boasting his
superiority on that account over a son of Israel will always fail when
put to the proof. The founding of Rome was his beginning; the very
best of them cannot trace their descent beyond that period: few of
them pretend to do so; and of such as do, I say not one could make
good his claim except by resort to tradition. Messala certainly
could not. Let us look now to ourselves. Could we better?"
  A little more light would have enabled him to see the pride that
diffused itself over her face.
  "Let us imagine the Roman putting us to the challenge. I would
answer him, neither doubting nor boastful."
  Her voice faltered; a tender thought changed the form of the
argument.
  "Your father, O, my Judah, is at rest with his fathers; yet I
remember, as though it were this evening, the day he and I, with
many rejoicing friends, went up into the Temple to present you to
the Lord. We sacrificed the doves, and to the priest I gave your name,
which he wrote in my presence- 'Judah, son of Ithamar, of the House of
Hur.' The name was then carried away and written in a book of the
division of records devoted to the saintly family.
  "I cannot tell you when the custom of registration in this mode
began. We know it prevailed before the flight from Egypt. I have heard
Hillel say Abraham caused the record to be first opened with his own
name, and the names of his sons, moved by the promises of the Lord
which separated him and them from all other races, and made them the
highest and noblest, the very chosen of the earth. The covenant with
Jacob was of like effect. 'In thy seed shall all the nations of the
earth be blessed'- so said the angel to Abraham in the place of
Jehovah-jireh. 'And the land whereon thou liest, to thee will I give
it, and to thy seed'- so the Lord himself said to Jacob asleep at
Bethel on the way to Haran. Afterwards the wise men looked forward
to a just division of the land of promise; and, that it might be known
in the day of partition who were entitled to portions' the Book of
Generations was begun. But not for that alone. The promise of a
blessing to all the earth through the patriarch reached far into the
future. One name was mentioned in connection with the blessing- the
benefactor might be the humblest of the chosen family, for the Lord
our God knows no distinction of rank or riches. So, to make the
performance clear to men of the generation who were to witness it, and
that they might give the glory to whom it belonged, the record was
required to be kept with absolute certainty. Has it been so kept?"
  The fan played to and fro, until, becoming impatient, he repeated
the question, "Is the record absolutely true?"
  "Hillel said it was, and of all who have lived no one was so
well-informed upon the subject. Our people have at times been heedless
of some parts of the law, but never of this part. The good rector
himself has followed the Books of Generations through three periods-
from the promises to the opening of the Temple; thence to the
Captivity; thence, again, to the present. Once only were the records
disturbed, and that was at the end of the second period; but when
the nation returned from the long exile, as a first duty to God,
Zerubbabel restored the Books, enabling us once more to carry the
lines of Jewish descent back unbroken fully two thousand years. And
now- "
  She paused as if to allow the hearer to measure the time
comprehended in the statement.
  "And now," she continued, "what becomes of the Roman boast of
blood enriched by ages? By that test the sons of Israel watching the
herds on old Rephaim yonder are nobler than the noblest of the
Marcii."
  "And I, mother- by the Books, who am I?"
  "What I have said thus far, my son, had reference to your
question. I will answer you. If Messala were here he might say, as
others have said, that the exact trace of your lineage stopped when
the Assyrian took Jerusalem, and razed the Temple, with alt its
precious stores; but you might plead the pious action of Zerubbabel,
and retort that all verity in Roman genealogy ended when the
barbarians from the West took Rome, and camped six months upon her
desolated site. Did the government keep family histories? If so,
what became of them in those dreadful days? No, no; there is verity in
our Books of Generations; and following them back to the Captivity,
back to the foundation of the first Temple, back to the march from
Egypt, we have absolute assurance that you are lineally sprung from
Hur, the associate of Joshua. In the matter of descent sanctified by
time, is not the honour perfect? Do you care to pursue further? If so,
take the Torah, and search the Book of Numbers, and of the seventy-two
generations after Adam, you can find the very progenitor of your
house."
  There was silence for a time in the chamber on the roof.
  "I thank you, O my mother," Judah next said, clasping both her hands
in his; "I thank you with all my heart. I was right in not having
the good rector called in; he could not have satisfied me more than
you have. Yet to make a family truly noble, is time alone sufficient?"
  "Ah, you forget, you forget; our claim rests not merely upon time;
the Lord's preference is our especial glory."
  "You are speaking of the race, and I, mother, of the family- our
family. In the years since Father Abraham, what have they achieved?
What have they done? What great things to lift them above the level of
their fellows?"
  She hesitated, thinking she might all this time have mistaken his
object. The information he sought might have been for more than
satisfaction of wounded vanity. Youth is but the painted shell
within which, continually growing, lives that wondrous thing, the
spirit of a man, biding its moment of apparition, earlier in some than
in others. She trembled under a perception that this might be the
supreme moment come to him; that as children at birth reach out
their untried hands grasping for shadows, and crying the while, so his
spirit might, in temporary blindness, be struggling to take hold of
its impalpable future. They to whom a boy comes asking, Who am I,
and what am I to be? have need of ever so much care. Each word in
answer may prove to the after-life what each finger-touch of the
artist is to the clay he is modelling.
  "I have a feeling, O my Judah," she said, patting his cheek with the
hand he had been caressing- "I have the feeling that all I have said
has been in strife with an antagonist more real than imaginary. If
Messala is the enemy, do not leave me to fight him in the dark. Tell
me all he said."
                        CHAPTER V.
               ROME AND ISRAEL- A COMPARISON.

  THE young Israelite proceeded then, and rehearsed his conversation
with Messala, dwelling with particularity upon the latter's speeches
in contempt of the Jews, their customs, and much pent round of life.
  Afraid to speak the while, the mother listened, discerning the
matter plainly. Judah had gone to the palace on the Market-place,
allured by love of a playmate whom he thought to find exactly as he
had been at the parting years before; a man met him, and, in place
of laughter and references to the sports of the past, the man had been
full of the future, and talked of glory to be won, and of riches and
power. Unconscious of the effect, the visitor had come away hurt in
pride, yet touched with a natural ambition: but she, the jealous
mother, saw it, and, not knowing the turn the aspiration might take,
became at once Jewish in her fear. What if it lured him away from
the patriarchal faith? In her view that consequence was more
dreadful than any or all others. She could discover but one way to
avert it, and she set about the task, her native power reinforced by
love to such degree that her speech took a masculine strength and at
times a poet's fervour.
  "There never has been a people," she began, "who did not think
themselves at least equal to any other; never a great nation, my
son, that did not believe itself the very superior. When the Roman
looks down upon Israel and laughs, he merely repeats the folly of
the Egyptian, the Assyrian, and the Macedonian; and as the laugh is
against God, the result will be the same."
  Her voice became firmer.
  "There is no law by which to determine the superiority of nations;
hence the vanity of the claim and the idleness of disputes about it. A
people risen, run their race, and die either of themselves or at the
hands of another, who, succeeding to their power, take possession of
their place, and upon their monuments write new names; such is
history. If I were called upon to symbolize God and man in the
simplest form, I would draw a straight line and a circle; and of the
line I would say, 'This is God, for he alone moves forever
straightforward,' and of the circle, 'This is man- such is his
progress.' I do not mean that there is no difference between the
careers of nations; no two are alike. The difference, however, is not,
as some say, in the extent of the circle they describe or the space of
earth they cover, but in the sphere of their movement, the highest
being nearest God.
  "To stop here, my son, would be to leave the subject where we began.
Let us go on. There are signs by which to measure the height of the
circle each nation runs while in its course. By them let us compare
the Hebrew and the Roman.
  "The simplest of all the signs is the daily life of the people. Of
this I will only say, Israel has at times forgotten God, while the
Roman never knew him; consequently comparison is not possible.
  "Your friend- or your former friend- charged, if I understood you
rightly, that we have had no poets, artists, or warriors; by which
he meant, I suppose, to deny that we have had great men, the next most
certain of the signs. A just consideration of this charge requires a
definition at the commencement. A great man, O my boy, is one whose
life proves him to have been recognized, if not called, by God. A
Persian was used to punish our recreant fathers, and he carried them
into captivity; another Persian was selected to restore their children
to the Holy Land; greater than either of them, however, was the
Macedonian through whom the desolation of Judea and the Temple was
avenged. The special distinction of the men was that they were
chosen by the Lord, each for a divine purpose; and that they were
Gentiles does not lessen their glory. Do not lost sight of this
definition while I proceed.
  "There is an idea that war is the most noble occupation of men,
and that the most exalted greatness is the growth of battle-fields.
Because the world has adopted the idea, be not you deceived. That we
must worship something is a law which will continue as long as there
is anything we cannot understand. The prayer of the barbarian is a
wail of fear addressed to Strength, the only divine quality he can
clearly conceive; hence his faith in heroes. What is Jove but a
Roman hero? The Greeks have their great glory because they were the
first to set Mind above Strength. In Athens the orator and philosopher
were more revered than the warrior. The charioteer and the swiftest
runner are still idols of the arena; yet the immortelles are
reserved for the sweetest singer. The birthplace of one poet was
contested by seven cities. But was the Hellene the first to deny the
old barbaric faith? No. My son, that glory is ours; against
brutalism our fathers erected God; in our worship, the wail of fear
gave place to the Hosanna and the Psalm. So the Hebrew and the Greek
would have carried all humanity forward and upward. But, alas! the
government of the world presumes war as an eternal condition;
wherefore, over Mind and above God, the Roman has enthroned his
Caesar, the absorbent of all attainable power, the prohibition of
any other greatness.
  "The sway of the Greek was a flowering time for genius. In return
for the liberty it then enjoyed, what a company of thinkers the Mind
led forth? There was a glory for every excellence, and a perfection so
absolute that in everything but war even the Roman has stooped to
imitation. A Greek is now the model of the orators in the Forum;
listen, and in every Roman song you will hear the rhythm of the Greek;
if a Roman opens his mouth speaking wisely of moralities, or
abstractions, or of the mysteries of nature, he is either a plagiarist
or the disciple of some school which had a Greek for its founder. In
nothing but war, I say again, has Rome a claim to originality. Her
games and spectacles are Greek inventions, dashed with blood to
gratify the ferocity of her rabble; her religion, if such it may be
called, is made up of contributions from the faiths of all other
peoples; her most venerated gods are from Olympus- even her Mars, and,
for that matter, the Jove she much magnifies. So it happens, O my son,
that of the whole world our Israel alone can dispute the superiority
of the Greek, and with him contest the palm of original genius.
  "To the excellences of other peoples the egotism of a Roman is a
blindfold, impenetrable as his breastplate. Oh, the ruthless
robbers! Under their trampling the earth trembles like a floor
beaten with flails. Along with the rest we are fallen- alas, that I
should say it to you, my son! They have our highest places, and the
holiest, and the end no man can tell; but this I know- they may reduce
Judea as an almond broken with hammers, and devour Jerusalem, which is
the oil and sweetness thereof; yet the glory of the men of Israel will
remain a light in the heavens overhead out of reach: for their history
is the history of God, who wrote with their hands, spake with their
tongues, and was himself in all the good they did, even the least; who
dwelt with them, a Lawgiver on Sinai, a Guide in the wilderness, in
war a Captain, in government a King; who once and again pushed back
the curtains of the pavilion which is his resting-place, intolerably
bright, and, as a man speaking to men, showed them the right, and
the way to happiness, and how they should live, and made them promises
binding the strength of his Almightiness with covenants sworn to
everlastingly. O my son, could it be that they with whom Jehovah
thus dwelt, an awful familiar, derived nothing from him?- that in
their lives and deeds the common human qualities should not in some
degree have been mixed and coloured with the divine?- that their
genius should not have in it, even after the lapse of ages, some
little of heaven?"
  For a time the rustling of the fan was all the sound heard in the
chamber.
  "In the sense which limits art to sculpture and painting, it is
true," she next said, "Israel has had no artists."
  The admission was made regretfully, for it must be remembered she
was a Sadducee, whose faith, unlike that of the Pharisees, permitted a
love of the beautiful in every form, and without reference to its
origin.
  "Still, he who would do justice," she proceeded, "will not forget
that the cunning of our hands was bound by the prohibition, 'Thou
shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of
anything;' which the Sopherim wickedly extended beyond its purpose and
time. Nor should it be forgotten that long before Daedalus appeared in
Attica, and with his wooden statues so transformed sculpture as to
make possible the schools of Corinth and AEgina, and their ultimate
triumphs, the Poecile and Capitolium- long before the age of Daedalus,
I say, two Israelites, Bezaleel and Aholiab, the master-builders of
the first tabernacle, said to have been skilled 'in all manner of
workmanship,' wrought the cherubim of the mercy-seat above the ark. Of
gold beaten, not chiselled, were they; and they were statues in form
both human and divine. 'And they shall stretch forth their wings on
high,.... and their faces shall look one to another.' Who will say
they were not beautiful? or that they were not the first statues?"
  "Oh, I see now why the Greek outstripped us," said Judah,
intensely interested. "And the ark; accursed be the Babylonians who
destroyed it."
  "Nay, Judah, be of faith. It was not destroyed, only lost, hidden
away too safely in some cavern of the mountains. One day- Hellel and
Shammai both say so- one day, in the Lord's good time, it will be
found and brought forth, and Israel dance before it, singing as of
old. And they who look upon the faces of the cherubim then, though
they have seen the face of the ivory Minerva, will be ready to kiss
the hand of the Jew from love of his genius, asleep through all the
thousands of years."
  The mother, in her eagerness, had risen into something like the
rapidity and vehemence of a speech-maker; but now, to recover herself,
or to pluck up the thread of her thought, she rested awhile.
  "You are so good, my mother," he said, in a grateful way. "And I
will never be done saying so. Shammai could not have talked better,
nor Hillel. I am a true son of Israel again."
  "Flatterer!" she said. "You do not know that I am but repeating what
I heard Hillel say in an argument he had one day in my presence with a
sophist from Rome."
  "Well, the hearty words are yours."
  Directly all her earnestness returned.
  "Where was I? Oh yes, I was claiming for our Hebrew fathers the
first statues. The trick of the sculptor, Judah, is not all there is
of art, any more than art is all there is of greatness. I always think
of great men marching down the centuries in groups and goodly
companies, separable according to nationalities; here the Indian,
there the Egyptian, yonder the Assyrian; above them the music of
trumpets and the beauty of banners; and on their right hand and
left, as reverent spectators, the generations from the beginning
numberless. As they go, I think of the Greek saying, 'Lo! the
Hellene leads the way.' Then the Roman replies, 'Silence! what was
your place is ours now; we have left you behind as dust trodden on.'
And all the time, from the far front back over the line of march, as
well as forward into the farthest future, streams a light of which the
wranglers know nothing, except that it is forever leading them on- the
Light of Revelation! Who are they that carry it? Ah, the old Judean
blood! How it leaps at the thought! By the light we know them.
Thrice blessed, O our fathers, servants of God, keepers of the
covenants! Ye are the leaders of men, the living and the dead. The
front is thine; and though every Roman were a Caesar, ye shall not
lose it!"
  Judah was deeply stirred.
  "Do not stop, I pray you," he cried. "You give me to hear the
sound of timbrels. I wait for Miriam and the women who went after
her dancing and singing."
  She caught his feeling, and, with ready wit, wove it into her
speech.
  "Very well, my son. If you can hear the timbrel of the prophetess,
you can do what I was about to ask you; you can use your fancy, and
stand with me, as if by the wayside, while the chosen of Israel pass
us at the head of the procession. Now they come- the patriarchs first;
next the fathers of the tribes. I almost hear the bells of their
camels and the lowing of their herds. Who is he that walks alone
between the companies? An old man, yet his eye is not dim, nor his
natural force abated. He knew the Lord face to face! Warrior, poet,
orator, lawgiver, prophet, his greatness is as the sun at morning, its
flood of splendour quenching all other lights, even that of the
first and noblest of the Caesars. After him the judges. And then the
kings- the son of Jesse, a hero in war, and a singer of songs
eternal as that of the sea; and his son, who, passing all other
kings in riches and wisdom, and while making the Desert habitable, and
in its waste places planting cities, forgot not Jerusalem which the
Lord had chosen for his seat on earth. Bend lower, my son! These
that come next are the first of their kind, and the last. Their
faces are raised, as if they heard a voice in the sky and were
listening. Their lives were full of sorrows. Their garments smell of
tombs and caverns. Hearken to a woman among them!- 'Sing ye to the
Lord, for he hath triumphed gloriously!' Nay, put your forehead in the
dust before them! They were tongues of God, his servants, who looked
through heaven, and, seeing all the future, wrote what they saw, and
left the writing to be proven by time. Kings turned pale as they
approached them and nations trembled at the sound of their voices. The
clements waited upon them. In their hands they carried every bounty
and every plague. See the Tishbite and his servant Elisha! See the sad
son of Hilkiah, and him, the seer of visions, by the river of
Chebar! And of the three children of Judah who refused the image of
the Babylonian, lo! that one who, in the feast to the thousand
lords, so confounded the astrologers. And yonder- O my son, kiss the
dust again!- yonder the gentle son of Amoz, from whom the world has
its promise of the Messiah to come!"
  In this passage the fan had been kept in rapid play; it stopped now,
and her voice sank low.
  "You are tired," she said.
  "No," he replied, "I was listening to a new song of Israel."
  The mother was still intent upon her purpose, and passed the
pleasant speech.
  "In such light as I could, my Judah, I have set our great men before
you- patriarchs, legislators, warriors, singers, prophets. Turn we
to the best of Rome. Against Moses place Caesar, and Tarquin against
David; Sylla against either of the Maccabees; the best of the
consuls against the Judges; Augustus against Solomon, and you are
done: comparison ends there. But think then of the prophets-
greatest of the great."
  She laughed scornfully.
  "Pardon me. I was thinking of the soothsayer who warned Caius Julius
against the Ides of March, and fancied him looking for the omens of
evil which his master despised in the entrails of a chicken. From that
picture turn to Elijah sitting on the hill-top on the way to
Samaria, amid the smoking bodies of the captains and their fifties,
warning the son of Ahab of the wrath of our God. Finally, O my
Judah- if such speech be reverent- how shall we judge Jehovah and
Jupiter unless it be by what their servants have done in their
names? And as for what you shall do- "
  She spoke the latter words slowly, and with a tremulous utterance.
  "As for what you shall do, my boy- serve the Lord, the Lord God of
Israel, not Rome. For a child of Abraham there is no glory except in
the Lord's ways, and in them there is much glory."
  "I may be a soldier then?" Judah asked.
  "Why not? Did not Moses call God a man of war?"
  There was then a long silence in the summer chamber.
  "You have my permission," she said, finally; "if only you serve
the Lord instead of Caesar."
  He was content with the condition, and by-and-by fell asleep. She
arose then, and put the cushion under his head, and, throwing a
shawl over him and kissing him tenderly, went away.
                        CHAPTER VI.
                  THE ACCIDENT TO GRATUS.

  THE good man, like the bad, must die; but, remembering the lesson of
our faith, we say of him and the event, "No matter, he will open his
eyes in heaven." Nearest this in life is the waking from healthful
sleep to a quick consciousness of happy sights and sounds.
  When Judah awoke, the sun was up over the mountains; the pigeons
were abroad in flocks, filling the air with the gleams of their
white wings; and off south-east he beheld the Temple, an apparition of
gold in the blue of the sky. These, however, were familiar objects,
and they received but a glance; upon the edge of the divan, close by
him, a girl scarcely fifteen sat singing to the accompaniment of a
nebel, which she rested upon her knee, and touched gracefully. To
her he turned listening; and this was what she sang-

                         THE SONG

              "Wake not, but hear me, love!
                Adrift, adrift on slumber's sea,
                Thy spirit call to list to me.
              Wake not, but hear me, love!
                A gift from Sleep, the restful king,
                All happy, happy dreams I bring.

              Wake not, but hear me, love!
                Of all the world of dreams 'tis thine
                This once to choose the most divine.
              So choose, and sleep, my love!
                But ne'er again in choice be free,
                Unless, unless- you dream of me."

  She put the instrument down, and, resting her hands in her lap,
waited for him to speak. And as it has become necessary to tell
somewhat of her, we will avail ourselves of the chance, and add such
particulars of the family into whose privacy we are brought as the
reader may wish to know.
  The favours of Herod had left surviving him many persons of vast
estate. Where this fortune was joined to undoubted lineal descent from
some famous son of one of the tribes, especially Judah, the happy
individual was accounted a Prince of Jerusalem- a distinction which
sufficed to bring him the homage of his less favoured countrymen,
and the respect, if nothing more, of the Gentiles with whom business
and social circumstance brought him into dealing. Of this class none
had won in private or public life a higher regard than the father of
the lad whom we have been following. With a remembrance of his
nationality which never failed him, he had yet been true to the
king, and served him faithfully at home and abroad. Some offices had
taken him to Rome, where his conduct attracted the notice of Augustus,
who strove without reserve to engage his friendship. In his house,
accordingly, were many presents, such as had gratified the vanity of
kings- purple togas, ivory chairs, golden paterae- chiefly valuable on
account of the imperial hand which had honourably conferred them. Such
a man could not fail to be rich; yet his wealth was not altogether the
largess of royal patrons. He had welcomed the law that bound him to
some pursuit; and, instead of one, he entered into many. Of the
herdsmen watching flocks on the plains and hill-sides, far as old
Lebanon, numbers reported to him as their employer; in the cities by
the sea, and in those inland, he founded houses of traffic; his
ships brought him silver from Spain, whose mines were then the richest
known; while his caravans came twice a year from the East, laden
with silks and spices. In faith he was a Hebrew, observant of the
law and every essential rite; his place in the synagogue and Temple
knew him well; he was thoroughly learned in the Scriptures; he
delighted in the society of the college-masters, and carried his
reverence for Hillel almost to the point of worship. Yet he was in
no sense a Separatist; his hospitality took in strangers from every
land; the carping Pharisees even accused him of having more than
once entertained Samaritans at his table. Had he been a Gentile, and
lived, the world might have heard of him as the rival of Herodes
Atticus: as it was, he perished at sea some ten years before this
second period of our story, in the prime of life, and lamented
everywhere in Judea. We are already acquainted with two members of his
family- his widow and son; the only other was a daughter- she whom
we have seen singing to her brother.
  Tirzah was her name, and as the two looked at each other, their
resemblance was plain. Her features had the regularity of his, and
were of the same Jewish type; they had also the charm of childish
innocency of expression. Home-life and its trustful love permitted the
negligent attire in which she appeared. A chemise buttoned upon the
right shoulder, and passing loosely over the breast and back and under
the left arm, but half concealed her person above the waist, while
it left the arms entirely nude. A girdle caught the folds of the
garment, marking the commencement of the skirt. The coiffure was
very simple and becoming- a silken cap, Tyrian-dyed; and over that a
striped scarf of the same material, beautifully embroidered, and wound
about in thin folds so as to show the shape of the head without
enlarging it; the whole finished by a tassel dropping from the crown
point of the cap. She had rings, ear and finger; anklets and
bracelets, all of gold; and around her neck there was a collar of
gold, curiously garnished with a network of delicate chains, to
which were pendants of pearl. The edges of her eyelids were painted,
and the tips of her fingers stained. Her hair fell in two long
plaits down her back. A curled lock rested upon each cheek in front of
the ear. Altogether it would have been impossible to deny her grace,
refinement, and beauty.
  "Very pretty, my Tirzah, very pretty!" he said with animation.
  "The song?" she asked.
  "Yes- and the singer, too. It has the conceit of a Greek. Where
did you get it?"
  "You remember the Greek who sang in the theatre last month? They
said he used to be a singer at the court for Herod and his sister
Salome. He came out just after an exhibition of wrestlers, when the
house was full of noise. At his first note everything became so
quiet that I heard every word. I got the song from him."
  "But he sang in Greek."
  "And I in Hebrew."
  "Ah, yes. I am proud of my little sister. Have you another as good?"
  "Very many. But let them go now. Amrah sent me to tell you she
will bring you your breakfast, and that you need not come down. She
should be here by this time. She thinks you sick- that a dreadful
accident happened you yesterday. What was it? Tell me, and I will help
Amrah doctor you. She knows the cures of the Egyptians, who were
always a stupid set; but I have a great many recipes of the Arabs who-
"
  "Are even more stupid than the Egyptians," he said, shaking his
head.
  "Do you think so? Very well, then," she replied, almost without
pause, and putting her hands to her left ear. "We will have nothing to
do with any of them. I have here what is much surer and better- the
amulet which was given to some of our people- I cannot tell when, it
was so far back- by a Persian magician. See, the inscription is almost
worn out."
  She offered him the ear-ring, which he took, looked at, and handed
back, laughing.
  "If I were dying, Tirzah, I could not use the charm. It is a relic
of idolatry, forbidden every believing son and daughter of Abraham.
Take it, but do not wear it any more."
  "Forbidden! Not so," she said. "Our father's mother wore it I do not
know how many Sabbaths in her life. It has cured I do not know how
many people- more than three anyhow. It is, approved- look, here is
the mark of the rabbis."
  "I have no faith in amulets."
  She raised her eyes to his in astonishment.
  "What would Amrah say?"
  "Amrah's father and mother tended sakiyeh for a garden on the Nile."
  "But Gamaliel!"
  "He says they are godless inventions of unbelievers and
Shechemites."
  Tirzah looked at the ring doubtfully.
  "What shall I do with it?"
  "Wear it, my little sister. It becomes you- it helps make you
beautiful, though I think you that without help."
  Satisfied, she returned the amulet to her ear just as Amrah
entered the summer chamber, bearing a platter, with wash-bowl,
water, and napkins.
  Not being a Pharisee, the ablution was short and simple with
Judah. The servant then went out, leaving Tirzah to dress his hair.
When a lock was disposed to her satisfaction, she would unloose the
small metallic mirror which, as was the fashion among her fair
country-women, she wore at her girdle, and gave it to him, that he
might see the triumph, and how handsome it made him. Meanwhile they
kept up their conversation.
  "What do you think, Tirzah?- I am going away."
  She dropped her hands with amazement.
  "Going away! When? Where? For what?"
  He laughed.
  "Three questions, all in a breath! What a body you are!" Next
instant he became serious. "You know the law requires me to follow
some occupation. Our good father set me an example. Even you would
despise me if I spent in idleness the results of his industry and
knowledge. I am going to Rome."
  "Oh, I will go with you."
  "You must stay with mother. If both of us leave her, she will die."
  The brightness faded from her face.
  "Ah, yes, yes! But- must you go? Here in Jerusalem you can learn all
that is needed to be a merchant- if that is what you are thinking of."
  "But that is not what I am thinking of. The law does not require the
son to be what the father was."
  "What else can you be?"
  "A soldier," he replied, with a certain pride of voice.
  Tears came into her eyes.
  "You will be killed."
  "If God's will, be it so. But, Tirzah, the soldiers are not all
killed."
  She threw her arms around his neck as if to hold him back.
  "We are so happy! Stay at home, my brother."
  "Home cannot always be what it is. You yourself will be going away
before long."
  "Never!"
  He smiled at her earnestness.
  "A prince of Judah, or some other one of the tribes, will come
soon and claim my Tirzah, and ride away with her, to be the light of
another house. What will then become of me?"
  She answered with sobs.
  "War is a trade," he continued, more soberly. "To learn it
thoroughly, one must go to school, and there is no school like a Roman
camp."
  "You would not fight for Rome?" she asked, holding her breath.
  "And you- even you hate her. The whole world hates her. In that, O
Tirzah, find the reason of the answer I give you- Yes, I will fight
for her, if, in return, she will teach me how one day to fight against
her."
  "When will you go?"
  Amrah's steps were then heard returning.
  "Hist!" he said. "Do not let her know of what I am thinking."
  The faithful slave came in with breakfast, and placed the waiter,
holding it upon a stool before them; then, with white napkins upon her
arm, she remained to serve them. They dipped their fingers in a bowl
of water, and were rinsing them, when a noise arrested their
attention. They listened, and distinguished martial music in the
street on the north side of the house.
  "Soldiers from the Praetorium! I must see them," he cried, springing
from the divan, and running out.
  In a moment more he was leaning over the parapet of tiles which
guarded the roof at the extreme north-east corner, so absorbed that he
did not notice Tirzah by his side, resting one hand upon his shoulder.
  Their position- the roof being the highest one in the locality-
commanded the house-tops eastward as far as the huge irregular Tower
of Antonia, which has been already mentioned as a citadel for the
garrison and military head-quarters for the governor. The street,
not more than ten feet wide, was spanned here and there by bridges,
open and covered, which, like the roofs along the way, were
beginning to be occupied by men, women, and children, called out by
the music. The word is used, though it is hardly fitting; what the
people heard when they came forth was rather an uproar of trumpets and
the shriller litui so delightful to the soldiers.
  The array after a while came into view of the two upon the house
of the Hurs. First, a vanguard of the light-armed- mostly slingers and
bowmen- marching with wide intervals between their ranks and files;
next a body of heavy-armed infantry, bearing large shields, and hastae
longae, or spears identical with those used in the duels between
Ilium; then the musicians; and then an officer riding alone, but
followed closely by a guard of cavalry; after them again, a column
of infantry also heavy-armed, which, moving in close order, crowded
the street from wall to wall, and appeared to be without end.
  The brawny limbs of the men; the cadenced motion from right to
left of the shields; the sparkle of scales, buckles, and breast-plates
and helms, all perfectly burnished; the plumes nodding above the
tall crests; the sway of ensigns and iron-shod spears; the bold,
confident step, exactly timed and measured; the demeanour, so grave,
yet so watchful; the machine-like unity of the whole moving mass- made
an impression upon Judah, but as something felt rather than seen.
Two objects fixed his attention- the eagle of the legion first- a
gilded effigy perched on a tall shaft, with wings outspread until they
met above its head. He knew that, when brought from its chamber in the
Tower, it had been received with divine honours.
  The officer riding alone in the midst of the column was the other
attraction. His head was bare; otherwise he was in full armour. At his
left hip he wore a short sword; in his hand, however, he carried a
truncheon, which looked like a roll of white paper. He sat upon a
purple cloth instead of a saddle, and that, and a bridle with a
forestall of gold and reins of yellow silk broadly fringed at the
lower edge, completed the housings of the horse.
  While the man was yet in the distance, Judah observed that his
presence was sufficient to throw the people looking at him into
angry excitement. They would lean over the parapets or stand boldly
out, and shake their fists at him; they followed him with loud
cries, and spit at him as he passed under the bridges; the women
even flung their sandals, sometimes with such good effect as to hit
him. When he was nearer, the yells became distinguishable- "Robber,
tyrant, dog of a Roman! Away with Ishmael! Give us back our Hannas!"
  When quite near, Judah could see that, as was but natural, the man
did not share the indifference so superbly shown by the soldiers;
his face was dark and sullen, and the glances he occasionally cast
at his persecutors were full of menace; the very timid shrank from
them.
  Now the lad had heard of the custom, borrowed from a habit of the
first Caesar, by which chief commanders, to indicate their rank,
appeared in public with only a laurel vine upon their heads. By that
sign he knew this officer- VALERIUS GRATUS, THE NEW PROCURATOR OF
JUDEA!
  To say truth now, the Roman under the unprovoked storm had the young
Jew's sympathy; so that when he reached the corner of the house, the
latter leaned yet farther over the parapet to see him go by, and in
the act rested a hand upon a tile which had been a long time cracked
and allowed to go unnoticed. The pressure was strong enough to
displace the outer piece, which started to fall. A thrill of horror
shot through the youth. He reached out to catch the missile. In
appearance the motion was exactly that of one pitching something
from him. The effort failed- nay, it served to push the descending
fragment farther out over the wall. He shouted with all his might. The
soldiers of the guard looked up; so did the great man, and that moment
the missile struck him, and he fell from his seat as dead.
  The cohort halted; the guards leaped from their horses, and hastened
to cover the chief with their shields. On the other hand, the people
who witnessed the affair, never doubting that the blow had been
purposely dealt, cheered the lad as he yet stooped in full view over
the parapet, transfixed by what he beheld, and by anticipation of
the consequences flashed all too plainly upon him.
  A mischievous spirit flew with incredible speed from roof to roof
along the line of march, seizing the people, and urging them all
alike. They laid hands upon the parapets and tore up the tiling and
the sunburnt mud of which the house-tops were for the most part
made, and with blind fury began to fling them upon the legionaries
halted below. A battle then ensued. Discipline, of course,
prevailed. The struggle, the slaughter, the skill of one side, the
desperation of the other, are alike unnecessary to our story. Let us
look rather to the wretched author of it all.
  He arose from the parapet, his face very pale.
  "O Tirzah, Tirzah! What will become of us?"
  She had not seen the occurrence below, but was listening to the
shouting and watching the mad activity of the people in view on the
houses. Something terrible was going on, she knew; but what it was, or
the cause, or that she or any of those dear to her were in danger, she
did not know.
  "What has happened? What does it all mean?" she asked, in sudden
alarm.
  "I have killed the Roman governor. The tile fell upon him."
  An unseen hand appeared to sprinkle her face with the dust of ashes-
it grew white so instantly. She put her arm around him, and looked
wistfully, but without a word, into his eyes. His fears had passed
to her, and the sight of them gave him strength.
  "I did not do it purposely, Tirzah- it was an accident," he said,
more calmly.
  "What will they do?" she asked.
  He looked off over the tumult momentarily deepening in the street
and on the roofs, and thought of the sullen countenance of Gratus.
If he were not dead, where would his vengeance stop? And if he were
dead, to what height of fury would not the violence of the people lash
the legionaries? To evade an answer, he peered over the parapet again,
just as the guard were assisting the Roman to remount his horse.
  "He lives, he lives, Tirzah! Blessed be the Lord God of our
fathers!"
  With that outcry, and a brightened countenance, he drew back and
replied to her question.
  "Be not afraid, Tirzah. I will explain how it happened, and they
will remember our father and his services, and not hurt us."
  He was leading her to the summer-house, when the roof jarred under
their feet, and a crash of strong timbers being burst away, followed
by a cry of surprise and agony, arose apparently from the court-yard
below. He stopped and listened. The cry was repeated; then came a rush
of many feet, and voices lifted in rage blent with voices in prayer;
and then the screams of women in mortal terror. The soldiers had
beaten in the north gate, and were in possession of the house. The
terrible sense of being hunted smote him. His first impulse was to
fly; but where? Nothing but wings would serve him. Tirzah, her eyes
wild with fear, caught his arm.
  "O Judah, what does it mean?"
  The servants were being butchered- and his mother! Was not one of
the voices he heard hers? With all the will left him, he said, "Stay
here, and wait for me, Tirzah. I will go down and see what is the
matter, and come back to you."
  His voice was not steady as he wished. She clung closer to him.
  Clearer, shriller, no longer a fancy, his mother's cry arose. He
hesitated no longer.
  "Come, then, let us go."
  The terrace or gallery at the foot of the steps was crowded with
soldiers. Other soldiers, with drawn swords, ran in and out of the
chambers. At one place a number of women on their knees clung to
each other or prayed for mercy. Apart from them, one with torn
garments, and long hair streaming over her face, struggled to tear
lose from a man all whose strength was tasked to keep his hold. Her
cries were shrillest of all; cutting through the clamour, they had
risen distinguishably to the roof. To her Judah sprang- his steps were
long and swift, almost a winged flight- "Mother, mother!" he
shouted. She stretched her hands towards him; but when almost touching
them he was seized and forced aside. Then he heard someone say,
speaking loudly,
  "That is he!"
  Judah looked, and saw- Messala.
  "What, the assassin- that?" said a tall man, in legionary armour
of beautiful finish. "Why, he is but a boy."
  "Gods!" replied Messala, not forgetting his drawl. "A new
philosophy! What would Seneca say to the proposition that a man must
be old before he can hate enough to kill? You have him; and that is
his mother; yonder his sister. You have the whole family."
  For love of them, Judah forgot his quarrel.
  "Help them, O my Messala! Remember our childhood, and help them.
I- Judah- pray you."
  Messala affected not to hear.
  "I cannot be of further use to you," he said to the officer.
"There is richer entertainment in the street. Down Eros, up Mars!"
  With the last words he disappeared. Judah understood him, and, in
the bitterness of his soul, prayed to Heaven.
  "In the hour of thy vengeance, O Lord," he said, "be mine the hand
to put it upon him!"
  By great exertion he drew nearer the officer.
  "O sir, the woman you hear is my mother. Spare her, spare my
sister yonder. God is just, he will give you mercy for mercy."
  The man appeared to be moved.
  "To the tower with the women!" he shouted, "but do them no harm. I
will demand them of you." Then to those holding Judah, he said, "Get
cords, and bind his hands, and take him to the street. His
punishment is reserved."
  The mother was carried away. The little Tirzah, in her home
attire, stupefied with fear, went passively with her keepers. Judah
gave each of them a last look, and covered his face with his hands, as
if to possess himself of the scene fadelessly. He may have shed tears,
though no one saw them.
  There took place in him then what may be justly called the wonder of
life. The thoughtful reader of these pages has ere this discerned
enough to know that the young Jew in disposition was gentle even to
womanliness- a result that seldom fails the habit of loving and
being loved. The circumstances through which he had come had made no
call upon the harsher elements of his nature, if such he had. At times
he had felt the stir and impulses of ambition, but they had been
like the formless dreams of a child walking by the sea and gazing at
the coming and going of stately ships. But now, if we can imagine an
idol, sensible of the worship it was accustomed to, dashed suddenly
from its altar, and lying amidst the wreck of its little world of
love, an idea may be had of what had befallen the young Ben-Hur, and
of its effect upon his being. Yet there was no sign, nothing to
indicate that he had undergone a change, except that when he raised
his head, and held his arms out to be bound, the bend of the
Cupid's, bow had vanished from his lips. In that instant he had put
off childhood and become a man.
  A trumpet sounded in the court-yard. With the cessation of the call,
the gallery was cleared of the soldiery; many of whom, as they dared
not appear in the ranks with visible plunder in their hands, flung
what they had upon the floor, until it was strewn with articles of
richest virtu. When Judah descended, the formation was complete, and
the officer waiting to see his last order executed.
  The mother, daughter, and entire household were led out of the north
gate, the ruins of which choked the passage-way. The cries of the
domestics, some of whom had been born in the house, were most
pitiable. When, finally, the horses, and all the dumb tenantry of
the place, were driven past him, Judah began to comprehend. the
scope of the procurator's vengeance. The very structure was devoted.
Far as the order was possible of execution, nothing living was to be
left within its walls. If in Judea there were others desperate
enough to think of assassinating a Roman governor, the story of what
befell the princely family of Hur would be a warning to them, while
the ruin of the habitation would keep the story alive.
  The officer waited outside while a detail of men temporarily
restored the gate.
  In the street the fighting had almost ceased. Upon the houses here
and there clouds of dust told where the struggle was yet prolonged.
The cohort was, for the most part, standing at rest, its splendour,
like its ranks, in nowise diminished. Borne past the point of care for
himself, Judah had heart for nothing in view but the prisoners,
among whom he looked in vain for his mother and Tirzah.
  Suddenly, from the earth where she had been lying, a woman arose and
started swiftly back to the gate. Some of the guards reached out to
seize her, and a great shout followed their failure. She ran to Judah,
and, dropping down, clasped his knees, the coarse black hair
powdered with dust veiling her eyes.
  "O Amrah, good Amrah," he said to her, "God help you; I cannot."
  She could not speak.
  He bent down, and whispered, "Live, Amrah, for Tirzah and my mother.
They will come back, and- "
  A soldier drew her away; whereupon she sprang up and rushed
through the gateway and passage into the vacant court-yard.
  "Let her go," the officer shouted. "We will seal the house, and
she will starve."
  The men resumed their work, and when it was finished there, passed
round to the west side. That gate was also secured, after which the
palace of the Hurs was lost to use.
  The cohort at length marched back to the Tower, where the procurator
stayed to recover from his hurts and dispose of his prisoners. On
the tenth day following he visited the Market-place.
                        CHAPTER VII.
                       A GALLEY SLAVE.

  NEXT day a detachment of legionaries went to the desolated palace,
and, closing the gates permanently, plastered the corners with wax,
and at the sides nailed a notice in Latin:

                  "THIS IS THE PROPERTY OF.
                        THE EMPEROR."

  In the haughty Roman idea, the sententious announcement was
thought sufficient for the purpose- and it was.
  The day after that again, about noon, a decurion with his command of
ten horsemen approached Nazareth from the south- that is, from the
direction of Jerusalem. The place was then a straggling village
perched on a hill-side, and so insignificant that its one street was
little more than a path well beaten by the coming and going of
flocks and herds. The great plain of Esdraelon crept close to it on
the south, and from the height on the west a view could be had of
the chores of the Mediterranean, the region beyond the Jordan, and
Hermon. The valley below, and the country on every side, were given to
gardens, vineyards, orchards, and pasturage. Groves of palm-trees
Orientalized the landscape. The houses, in irregular assemblage,
were of the humbler class- square, one-storey, flat-roofed, and
covered with bright-green vines. The drought that had burned the hills
of Judea to a crisp, brown and lifeless, stopped at the boundary
line of Galilee.
  A trumpet, sounded when the cavalcade drew near the village, had a
magical effect upon the inhabitants. The gates and front doors cast
forth groups eager to be the first to catch the meaning of a
visitation so unusual.
  Nazareth, it must be remembered, was not only aside from any great
highway, but within the sway of Judas of Gamala; wherefore it should
not be hard to imagine the feelings with which the legionaries were
received. But when they were up and traversing the street, the duty
that occupied them became apparent, and then fear and hatred were lost
in curiosity, under the impulse of which the people, knowing there
must be a halt at the well in the north-eastern part of the town, quit
their gates and doors, and closed in after the procession.
  A prisoner whom the horsemen were guarding was the object of
curiosity. He was afoot, bareheaded, half-naked, his hands bound
behind him. A thong fixed to his wrists was looped over the neck of
a horse. The dust went with the party when in movement, wrapping him
in yellow fog, sometimes in a dense cloud. He drooped forward,
footsore and faint. The villagers could see he was young.
  At the well the decurion halted, and, with most of the men,
dismounted. The prisoner sank down in the dust of the road, stupefied,
and asking nothing: apparently he was in the last stage of exhaustion.
Seeing, when they came near, that he was but a boy, the villagers
would have helped him had they dared.
  In the midst of their perplexity, and while the pitchers were
passing among the soldiers, a man was descried coming down the road
from Sepphoris. At sight of him a woman cried out, "Look! Yonder comes
the carpenter. Now we will hear something."
  The person spoken of was quite venerable in appearance. Thin white
locks fell below the edge of his full turban, and a mass of still
whiter beard flowed down the front of his coarse grey gown. He came
slowly, for, in addition to his age, he carried some tools- an axe,
a saw, and a drawing-knife, all very rude and heavy- and had evidently
travelled some distance without rest.
  He stopped close by to survey the assemblage.
  "Oh, Rabbi, good Rabbi Joseph!" cried a woman, running to him. "Here
is a prisoner; come, ask the soldiers about him, that we may know
who he is, and what he has done, and what they are going to do with
him."
  The rabbi's face remained stolid; he glanced at the prisoner,
however, and presently went to the officer.
  "The peace of the Lord be with you!" he said, with unbending
gravity.
  "And that of the gods with you," the decurion replied.
  "Are you from Jerusalem?"
  "Yes."
  "Your prisoner is young."
  "In years, yes."
  "May I ask what he has done?"
  "He is an assassin."
  The people repeated the word in astonishment, but Rabbi Joseph
pursued his inquest.
  "Is he a son of Israel?"
  "He is a Jew," said the Roman, dryly.
  The wavering pity of the bystanders came back.
  "I know nothing of your tribes, but can speak of his family," the
speaker continued. "You may have heard of a prince of Jerusalem
named Hur- Ben-Hur, they call him. He lived in Herod's day."
  "I have seen him," Joseph said.
  "Well, this is his son."
  Exclamations became general, and the decurion hastened to stop them.
  "In the streets of Jerusalem, day before yesterday, he nearly killed
the noble Gratus by flinging a tile upon his head from the roof of a
palace- his father's, I believe."
  There was a pause in the conversation, during which the Nazarenes
gazed at the young Ben-Hur as at a wild beast.
  "Did he kill him?" asked the rabbi.
  "No."
  "He is under sentence."
  "Yes- the galleys for life."
  "The Lord help him!" said Joseph, for once moved out of his
stolidity.
  Thereupon a youth who came up with Joseph, but had stood behind
him unobserved, laid down an axe he had been carrying, and, going to
the great stone standing by the well, took from it a pitcher of water.
The action was so quiet that before the guard could interfere, had
they been disposed to do so, he was stooping over the prisoner and
offering him a drink.
  The hand laid kindly upon his shoulder awoke the unfortunate
Judah, and, looking up, he saw a face he never forgot- the face of a
boy about his own age, shaded by locks of yellowish bright chestnut
hair; a face lighted by dark-blue eyes, at the time so soft, so
appealing, so full of love and holy purpose, that they had all the
power of command and will. The spirit of the Jew, hardened though it
was by days and nights of suffering, and so imbittered by wrong that
its dreams of revenge took in all the world, melted under the
stranger's look, and became as a child's. He put his lips to the
pitcher, and drank long and deep. Not a word was said to him, nor
did he say a word.
  When the draught was finished, the hand that had been resting upon
the sufferer's shoulder was placed upon his head, and stayed there
in the dusty locks time enough to say a blessing; the stranger then
returned the pitcher to its place on the stone, and, taking his axe
again, went back to Rabbi Joseph. All eyes went with him, the
decurion's as well as those of the villagers.
  This was the end of the scene at the well. When the men had drunk,
and the horses, the march was resumed. But the temper of the
decurion was not as it had been; he himself raised the prisoner from
the dust, and helped him on a horse behind a soldier. The Nazarenes
went to their houses- among them Rabbi Joseph and his apprentice.
  And so, for the first time, Judah and the son of Mary met and
parted.
                       BOOK THIRD.

             "Cleopatra.... Our size of sorrow,
           Proportion'd to our cause, must be as great
           As that which makes it.-

                Enter, below, DIOMEDES.
                                     How now? is he dead?
             Diomedes. His death's upon him, but not dead."
                            Antony and Cleopatra (act iv. sc. xiii.).

                        CHAPTER I.
               QUINTIS ARRIUS GOES TO SEA.

  THE city of Misenum gave name to the promontory which it crowned,
a few miles south-west of Naples. An account of ruins is all that
remains of it now; yet in the year of our Lord 24- to which it is
desirable to advance the reader- the place was one of the most
important on the western coast of Italy.*

  * The Roman government, it will be remembered, had two harbours in
which great fleets were constantly kept- Ravenna and Misenum.

  In the year mentioned, a traveller coming to the promontory to
regale himself with the view there offered, would have mounted a wall,
and, with the city at his back, looked over the bay of Neapolis, as
charming then as now; and then, as now, he would have seen the
matchless shore, the smoking cone, the sky and waves so softly, deeply
blue, Ischia here and Capri yonder; from one to the other and back
again, through the purpled air, his gaze would have sported; at
last- for the eyes do weary of the beautiful as the palate with
sweets- at last it would have dropped upon a spectacle which the
modern tourist cannot see- half the reserve navy of Rome astir or at
anchor below him. Thus regarded, Misenum was a very proper place for
three masters to meet, and at leisure parcel the world among them.
  In the old time, moreover, there was a gateway in the wall at a
certain point fronting the sea- an empty gateway forming the outlet of
a street which, after the exit, stretched itself, in the form of a
broad mole, out many stadia into the waves.
  The watchman on the wall above the gateway was disturbed, one cool
September morning, by a party coming down the street in noisy
conversation. He gave one look, then settled into his drowse again.
  There were twenty or thirty persons in the party, of whom the
greater number were slaves with torches which flamed little and smoked
much, leaving on the air the perfume of the Indian nard. The masters
walked in advance arm-in-arm. One of them, apparently fifty years old,
slightly bald, and wearing over his scant locks a crown of laurel,
seemed, from the attentions paid him, the central object of some
affectionate ceremony. They all sported ample togas of white wool
broadly bordered with purple. A glance had sufficed the watchman. He
knew, without question, they were of high rank, and escorting a friend
to ship after a night of festivity. Further explanation will be
found in the conversation they carried on.
  "No, my Quintus," said one, speaking to him with the crown, "it is
ill of Fortune to take thee from us so soon. Only yesterday thou didst
return from the seas beyond the Pillars. Why, thou hast not even got
back thy land legs."
  "By Castor! if a man may swear a woman's oath," said another,
somewhat worse of wine, "let us not lament. Our Quintus is but going
to find what he lost last night. Dice on a rolling ship is not dice on
shore- eh, Quintus?"
  "Abuse not Fortune!" exclaimed a third. "She is not blind or fickle.
At Antium, where our Arrius questions her, she answers him with
nods, and at sea she abides with him, holding the rudder. She takes
him from us, but does not always give him back with a new victory?"
  "The Greeks are taking him away," another broke in. "Let us abuse
them, not the gods. In learning to trade, they forgot how to fight."
  With these words, the party passed the gateway, and came upon the
mole, with the bay before them beautiful in the morning light. To
the veteran sailor the plash of the waves was like a greeting. He drew
a long breath, as if the perfume of the water were sweeter than that
of the nard, and held his hand aloft.
  "My gifts were at Praeneste, not Antium- and see! Wind from the
west. Thanks, O Fortune, my mother!" he said, earnestly.
  The friends all repeated the exclamation, and the slaves waved their
torches.
  "She comes- yonder!" he continued, pointing to a galley outside
the mole. "What need has a sailor for other mistress? Is your
Lucrece more grateful, my Caius?"
  He gazed at the coming ship, and justified his pride. A white sail
was bent to the low mast, and the oars dipped, arose, poised a moment,
then dipped again, with wing-like action, and in perfect time.
  "Yes, spare the gods," he said, soberly, his eyes fixed upon the
vessel. "They send us opportunities. Ours the fault if we fail. And as
for the Greeks, you forget, O my Lentulus, the pirates I am going to
punish are Greeks. One victory over them is of more account than a
hundred over the Africans."
  "Then thy way is to the AEgean?"
  The sailor's eyes were full of his ship.
  "What grace, what freedom! A bird hath not less care for the
fretting of the waves. See!" he said, but almost immediately added,
"thy pardon, my Lentulus. I am going to the AEgean; and as my
departure is so near, I will tell the occasion- only keep it under the
rose. I would not that you abuse the duumvir when next you meet him.
He is my friend. The trade between Greece and Alexandria, as ye may
have heard, is hardly inferior to that between Alexandria and Rome.
The people in that part of the world forgot to celebrate the Cerealia,
and Triptolemus paid them with a harvest not worth the gathering. At
all events, the trade is so grown that it will not brook
interruption a day. Ye may also have heard of the Chersonesan pirates,
nested up in the Euxine; none bolder, by the Bacchae! Yesterday word
came to Rome that, with a fleet, they had rowed down the Bosphorus,
sunk the galleys of Byzantium and Chalcedon, swept the Propontis, and,
still unsated, burst through into the AEgean. The corn-merchants who
have ships in the East Mediterranean are frightened. They had audience
with the Emperor himself, and from Ravenna there go to-day a hundred
galleys, and from Misenum"- he paused as if to pique the curiosity
of his friends, and ended with an emphatic- "one."
  "Happy Quintus! We congratulate thee!"
  "The preferment forerunneth promotion. We salute thee duumvir;
nothing less."
  "Quintus Arrius, the duumvir, hath a better sound than Quintus
Arrius, the tribune."
  In such manner they showered him with congratulations.
  "I am glad with the rest," said the bibulous friend, "very glad; but
I must be practical, O my duumvir; and not until I know if promotion
will help thee to knowledge of the tesserae will I have an opinion
as to whether the gods mean thee ill or good in this- this business."
  "Thanks, many thanks!" Arrius replied, speaking to them
collectively. "Had ye but lanterns, I would say ye were augurs.
Perpol! I will go further, and show what master diviners ye are!
See- and read."
  From the folds of his toga he drew a roll of paper, and passed it to
them, saying, "Received while at table last night from- Sejanus."
  The name was already a great one in the Roman world; great, and
not so infamous as it afterwards became.
  "Sejanus!" they exclaimed, with one voice, closing in to read what
the minister had written.

         "Sejanus to C. Caecilius Rufus, Duumvir.

                                               "Rome, XIX. Kal. Sept.
  "Caesar hath good report of Quintus Arrius, the tribune. In
particular he hath heard of his valour, manifested in the western
seas; insomuch that it is his will that the said Quintus be
transferred instantly to the East.
  "It is our Caesar's will, further, that you cause a hundred
triremes, of the first class, and full appointment, to be despatched
without delay against the pirates who appeared in the AEgean, and that
Quintus be sent to command the fleet so despatched.
  "Details are thine, my Caecilius.
  "The necessity is urgent, as thou wilt be advised by the reports
enclosed for thy perusal and the information of the said Quintus.

                                                           "SEJANUS."

  Arrius gave little heed to the reading. As the ship drew more
plainly out of the perspective, she became more and more an attraction
to him. The look with which he watched her was that of an
enthusiast. At length he tossed the loosened folds of his toga in
the air; in reply to the signal, over the aplustre, or fan-like
fixture at the stern of the vessel, a scarlet flag was displayed;
while several sailors appeared upon the bulwarks, and swung themselves
hand over hand up the ropes to the antenna, or yard, and furled the
sail. The bow was put round, and the time of the oars increased one
half; so that at racing speed she bore down directly towards him and
his friends. He observed the maneuvering with a perceptible
brightening of the eyes. Her instant answer to the rudder, and the
steadiness with which she kept her course, were especially
noticeable as virtues to be relied upon in action.
  "By the Nymphae!" said one of the friends, giving back the roll, "we
may not longer say our friend will be great; he is already great.
Our love will now have famous things to feed upon. What more hast thou
for us?"
  "Nothing more," Arrius replied. "What ye have of the affair is by
this time old news in Rome, especially between the palace and the
Forum. The duumvir is discreet; what I am to do, where go to find my
fleet, he will tell on the ship, where a sealed package is waiting me.
If, however, ye have offerings for any of the altars to-day, pray
the gods for a friend plying oar and sail somewhere in the direction
of Sicily. But she is here, and will come to," he said, reverting to
the vessel. "I have interest in her masters; they will sail and
fight with me. It is not an easy thing to lay ship side on a shore
like this; so let us judge their training and skill."
  "What, is she new to thee?"
  "I never saw her before; and, as yet, I know not if she will bring
me one acquaintance."
  "Is that well?"
  "It matters but little. We of the sea come to know each other
quickly; our loves, like our hates, are born of sudden dangers."
  The vessel was of the class called naves liburnicae- long, narrow,
low in the water, and modelled for speed and quick manoeuvre. The
bow was beautiful. A jet of water spun from its foot as she came on,
sprinkling all the prow, which rose in graceful curvature twice a
man's stature above the plane of the deck. Upon the bending of the
sides were figures of Triton blowing shells. Below the bow, fixed to
the keel, and projecting forward under the water-line was the rostrum,
or beak, a device of solid wood, reinforced and armed with iron, in
action used as a ram. A stout moulding extended from the bow the
full length of the ship's sides, defining the bulwarks, which were
tastefully crenelated; below the moulding, in three rows, each covered
with a cap or shield of bull-hide, were the holes in which the oars
were worked- sixty on the right, sixty on the left. In further
ornamentation, caducei leaned against the lofty prow. Two immense
ropes passing across the bow marked the number of anchors stowed on
the foredeck.
  The simplicity of the upper works declared the oars the chief
dependence of the crew. A mast, set a little forward of midship, was
held by fore and back stays and shrouds fixed to rings on the inner
side of the bulwarks. The tackle was that required for the
management of one great square sail and the yard to which it was hung.
Above the bulwark the deck was visible.
  Save the sailors who had reefed the sail, and yet lingered on the
yard, but one man was to be seen by the party on the mole, and he
stood by the prow helmeted and with a shield.
  The hundred and twenty oaken blades, kept white and shining by
pumice and the constant wash of the waves, rose and fell as if
operated by the same hand, and drove the galley forward with a speed
rivalling that of a modern steamer.
  So rapidly, and apparently so rashly, did she come that the landsmen
of the tribune's party were alarmed. Suddenly the man by the prow
raised his hand with a peculiar gesture; whereupon all the oars flew
up, poised a moment in air, then fell straight down. The water
boiled and bubbled about them; the galley shook in every timber, and
stopped as if scared. Another gesture of the hand, and again the
oars arose, feathered, and fell; but this time those on the right,
dropped towards the stern, pushed forward; while those on the left,
dropping towards the bow, pulled backward. Three times the oars thus
pushed and pulled against each other. Round to the right the ship
swung as upon a pivot; then, caught by the wind, she settled gently
broadside to the mole.
  The movement brought the stern to view, with all its garniture-
Tritons like those at the bow; name in large raised letters; the
rudder at the side; the elevated platform upon which the helmsman sat,
a stately figure in full armour, his hand upon the rudder-rope; and
the aplustre, high, gilt, carved, and bent over the helmsman like a
great runcinate leaf.
  In the midst of the rounding-to, a trumpet was blown brief and
shrill, and from the hatchways out poured the marines, all in superb
equipment, brazen helms, burnished shields, and javelins. While the
fighting-men thus went to quarters as for action, the sailors proper
climbed the shrouds and perched themselves along the yard. The
officers and musicians took their posts. There was no shouting or
needless noise. When the oars touched the mole, a bridge was sent
out from the helmsman's deck. Then the tribune turned to his party and
said, with a gravity he had not before shown:
  "Duty now, O my friends."
  He took the chaplet from his head and gave it to the dice-player.
  "Take thou the myrtle, O favourite of the tesserae!" he said. "If
I return, I will seek my sesterce again; if I am not victor, I will
not return. Hang the crown in thy atrium."
  To the company he opened his arms, and they came one by one and
received his parting embrace.
  "The gods go with thee, O Quintus!" they said.
  "Farewell," he replied.
  To the slaves waving their torches he waved his hand; then he turned
to the waiting ship, beautiful with ordered ranks and crested helms,
and shields and javelins. As he stepped upon the bridge the trumpets
sounded, and over the aplustre rose the vexillum purpureum, or pennant
of a commander of a fleet.
                        CHAPTER II.
                        AT THE OAR.

  THE tribune, standing upon the helmsman's deck with the order of the
duumvir open in his hand, spoke to the chief of the rowers.*

  * Called hortator.

  "What force hast thou?"
  "Of oarsmen, two hundred and fifty-two; ten supernumeraries."
  "Making reliefs of- "
  "Eighty-four."
  "And thy habit?"
  "It has been to take off and put on every two hours."
  The tribune mused a moment.
  "The division is hard, and I will reform it, but not now. The oars
may not rest day or night."
  Then to the sailing-master he said,
  "The wind is fair. Let the sail help the oars."
  When the two thus addressed were gone, he turned to the chief
pilot.*

  * Called rector.

  "What service hast thou had?"
  "Two-and-thirty years."
  "In what seas chiefly?"
  "Between our Rome and the East."
  "Thou art the man I would have chosen."
  The tribune looked at his orders again.
  "Past the Camponellan cape, the course will be to Messina. Beyond
that, follow the bend of the Calabrian shore till Melito is on thy
left, then- Knowest thou the stars that govern in the Ionian Sea?"
  "I know them well."
  "Then from Melito course eastward for Cythera. The gods willing, I
will not anchor until in the Bay of Antemona. The duty is urgent. I
rely upon thee."
  A prudent man was Arrius- prudent, and of the class which, while
enriching the altars at Praeneste and Antium, was of opinion,
nevertheless, that the favour of the blind goddess depended more
upon the votary's care and judgment than upon his gifts and vows.
All night as master of the feast he had sat at table drinking and
playing; yet the odour of the sea returned him to the mood of the
sailor, and he would not rest until he knew his ship. Knowledge leaves
no room for chances. Having begun with the chief of the rowers, the
sailing-master, and the pilot, in company with the other officers- the
commander of the marines, the keeper of the stores, the master of
the machines, the overseer of the kitchen or fires- he passed
through the several quarters. Nothing escaped his inspection. When
he was through, of the community crowded within the narrow walls he
alone knew perfectly all there was of material preparation for the
voyage and its possible incidents; and, finding the preparation
complete, there was left him but one thing further- thorough knowledge
of the personnel of his command. As this was the most delicate and
difficult part of his task, requiring much time, he set about it his
own way.
  At noon that day the galley was skimming the sea off Paestum. The
wind was yet from the west, filling the sail to the master's
content. The watches had been established. On the foredeck the altar
had been set and sprinkled with salt and barley, and before it the
tribune had offered solemn prayers to Jove and to Neptune and all
the Oceanidae, and, with vows, poured the wine and burned the incense.
And now, the better to study his men, he was seated in the great
cabin, a very martial figure.
  The cabin, it should be stated, was the central compartment of the
galley, in extent quite sixty-five by thirty feet, and lighted by
three broad hatchways. A row of stanchions ran from end to end,
supporting the roof, and near the centre the mast was visible, all
bristling with axes and spears and javelins. To each hatchway there
were double stairs descending right and left, with a pivotal
arrangement at the top to allow the lower ends to be hitched to the
ceiling; and, as these were now raised, the compartment had the
appearance of a sky-lighted hall.
  The reader will understand readily that this was the heart of the
ship, the home of all aboard- eating-room, sleeping-chamber, field
of exercise, lounging-place off duty- uses made possible by the laws
which reduced life there to minute details and a routine relentless as
death.
  At the after-end of the cabin there was a platform, reached by
several steps. Upon it the chief of the rowers sat; in front of him
a sounding-table, upon which, with a gavel, he beat time for the
oarsmen; at his right a clepsydra, or water-clock, to measure the
reliefs and watches. Above him, on a higher platform, well guarded
by gilded railing, the tribune had his quarters, overlooking
everything, and furnished with a couch, a table, and a cathedra, or
chair, cushioned, and with arms and high back- articles which the
imperial dispensation permitted of the utmost elegance.
  Thus at ease, lounging in the great chair, swaying with the motion
of the vessel, the military cloak half draping his tunic, sword in
belt, Arrius kept watchful eye over his command, and was as closely
watched by them. He saw critically everything in view, but dwelt
longest upon the rowers. The reader would doubtless have done the
same; only he would have looked with much sympathy, while, as is the
habit with masters, the tribune's mind ran forward of what he saw,
inquiring for results.
  The spectacle was simple enough of itself. Along the sides of the
cabin, fixed to the ship's timbers, were what at first appeared to
be three rows of benches; a closer view, however, showed them a
succession of rising banks, in each of which the second bench was
behind and above the first one, and the third above and behind the
second. To accommodate the sixty rowers on a side, the space devoted
to them permitted nineteen banks separated by intervals of one yard,
with a twentieth bank divided so that what would have been its upper
seat or bench was directly above the lower seat of the first bank. The
arrangement gave each rower when at work ample room, if he timed his
movements with those of his associates, the principle being that of
soldiers marching with cadenced step in close order. The arrangement
also allowed a multiplication of banks, limited only by the length
of the galley.
  As to the rowers, those upon the first and second benches sat, while
those upon the third, having longer oars to work, were suffered to
stand. The oars were loaded with lead in the handles, and near the
point of balance hung to pliable thongs, making possible the
delicate touch called feathering, but, at the same time, increasing
the need of skill, since an eccentric wave might at any moment catch a
heedless fellow and hurl him from his seat. Each oar-hole was a vent
through which the labourer opposite it had his plenty of sweet air.
Light streamed down upon him from the grating which formed the floor
of the passage between the deck and the bulwark over his head. In some
respects, therefore, the condition of the men might have been much
worse. Still, it must not be imagined that there was any
pleasantness in their lives. Communication between them was not
allowed. Day after day they filled their places without speech; in
hours of labour they could not see each other's faces; their short
respites were given to sleep and the snatching of food. They never
laughed; no one ever heard one of them sing. What is the use of
tongues when a sigh or a groan will tell all men feel while, perforce,
they think in silence? Existence with the poor wretches was like a
stream under ground sweeping slowly, laboriously on to its outlet,
wherever that might chance to be.
  O Son of Mary! The sword has now a heart- and thine the glory! So
now; but, in the days of which we are writing, for captivity there was
drudgery on walls, and in the streets and mines, and the galleys
both of war and commerce were insatiable. When Druilius won the
first sea-fight for his country, Romans plied the oars, and the
glory was to the rower not less than the marine. These benches which
now we are trying to see as they were testified to the change come
with conquest, and illustrated both the policy and the prowess of
Rome. Nearly all the nations had sons there, mostly prisoners of
war, chosen for their brawn and endurance. In one place a Briton;
before him a Libyan; behind him a Crimean. Elsewhere a Scythian, a
Gaul, and a Thebasite. Roman convicts cast down to consort with
Goths and Longobardi, Jews, Ethiopians, and barbarians from the shores
of Maeotis. Here an Athenian, there a red-haired savage from Hibernia,
yonder blue-eyed giants of the Cimbri.
  In the labour of the rowers there was not enough art to give
occupation to their minds, rude and simple as they were. The reach
forward, the pull, the feathering, the blade, the dip, were all
there was of it; motions most perfect when most automatic. Even the
care forced upon them by the sea outside grew in time to be a thing
instinctive rather than of thought. So, as the result of long service,
the poor wretches became imbruted- patient, spiritless, obedient-
creatures of vast muscle and exhausted intellects, who lived upon
recollections generally few but dear, and at last lowered into the
semi-conscious alchemic state wherein misery turns to habit, and the
soul takes on incredible endurance.
  From right to left, hour after hour, the tribune, swaying in his
easy-chair, turned with thought of everything rather than the
wretchedness of the slaves upon the benches. Their motions, precise,
and exactly the same on both sides of the vessel, after a while became
monotonous; and then he amused himself singling out individuals.
With his stylus he made note of objections, thinking, if all went
well, he would find among the pirates of whom he was in search
better men for the places.
  There was no need of keeping the proper names of the slaves
brought to the galleys as to their graves; so, for convenience, they
were usually identified by the numerals painted upon the benches to
which they were assigned. As the sharp eyes of the great man moved
from seat to seat on either hand, they came at last to number sixty,
which, as has been said, belonged properly to the last bank on the
left-hand side, but, wanting room aft, had been fixed above the
first bench of the first bank. There they rested.
  The bench of number sixty was slightly above the level of the
platform, and but a few feet away. The light glinting through the
grating over his head gave the rower fairly to the tribune's view-
erect, and, like all his fellows, naked, except a cincture about the
loins. There were, however, some points in his favour. He was very
young, not more than twenty. Furthermore, Arrius was not merely
given to dice; he was a connoisseur of men physically, and when ashore
indulged a habit of visiting the gymnasia to see and admire the most
famous athletae. From some professor, doubtless, he had caught the
idea that strength was as much of the quality as the quantity of the
muscle, while superiority in performance required a certain mind as
well as strength. Having adopted the doctrine, like most men with a
hobby, he was always looking for illustrations to support it.
  The reader may well believe that while the tribune, in the search
for the perfect, was often called upon to stop and study, he was
seldom perfectly satisfied- in fact, very seldom held as long as on
this occasion.
  In the beginning of each movement of the oar, the rower's body and
face were brought into profile view from the platform; the movement
ended with the body reversed, and in a pushing posture. The grace
and ease of the action at first suggested a doubt of the honesty of
the effort put forth; but it was speedily dismissed; the firmness with
which the oar was held while in the reach forward, its bending under
the push, were proofs of the force applied; not that only, they as
certainly proved the rower's art, and put the critic in the great
arm-chair in search of the combination of strength and cleverness
which was the central idea of his theory.
  In course of the study, Arrius observed the subject's youth;
wholly unconscious of tenderness on that account, he also observed
that he seemed of good height, and that his limbs, upper and nether,
were singularly perfect. The arms, perhaps, were too long, but the
objection was well hidden under a mass of muscle which, in some
movements, swelled and knotted like kinking cords. Every rib in the
round body was discernible; yet the leanness was the healthful
reduction so strained after in the palaestrae. And altogether there
was in the rower's action a certain harmony which, besides
addressing itself to the tribune's theory, stimulated both his
curiosity and general interest.
  Very soon he found himself waiting to catch a view of the man's face
in full. The head was shapely, and balanced upon a neck broad at the
base, but of exceeding pliancy and grace. The features in profile were
of Oriental outline, and of that delicacy of expression which has
always been thought a sign of blood and sensitive spirit. With these
observations, the tribune's interest in the subject deepened.
  "By the gods," he said to himself, "the fellow impresses me! He
promises well. I will know more of him."
  Directly the tribune caught the view he wished- the rower turned and
looked at him.
  "A Jew! and a boy!"
  Under the gaze then fixed steadily upon him, the large eyes of the
slave grew larger- the blood surged to his very brows- the blade
lingered in his hands. But instantly, with an angry crash, down fell
the gavel of the hortator. The rower started, withdrew his face from
the inquisitor, and, as if personally chidden, dropped the oar half
feathered. When he glanced again at the tribune, he was vastly more
astonished- he was met with a kindly smile.
  Meantime the galley entered the Straits of Messina, and, skimming
past the city of that name, was after a while turned eastward, leaving
the cloud over AEtna in the sky astern.
  Often as Arrius returned to his platform in the cabin he returned to
study the rower, and he kept saying to himself, "The fellow hath a
spirit. A Jew is not a barbarian. I will know more of him."
                        CHAPTER III.
                ARRIUS AND BEN-HUR ON DECK.

  THE fourth day out, and the Astraea- so the galley was named-
speeding through the Ionian Sea. The sky was clear, and the wind
blew as if bearing the good-will of all the gods.
  As it was possible to overtake the fleet before reaching the bay
east of the island of Cythera, designated for assemblage, Arrius,
somewhat impatient, spent much time on deck. He took note diligently
of matters pertaining to his ship, and, as a rule, was well pleased.
In the cabin, swinging in the great chair, his thought continually
reverted to the rower on number sixty.
  "Knowest thou the man just come from yon bench?" he at length
asked of the hortator.
  A relief was going on at the moment.
  "From number sixty?" returned the chief.
  "Yes."
  The chief looked sharply at the rower then going forward.
  "As thou knowest," he replied, "the ship is but a month from the
maker's hand, and the men are as new to me as the ship."
  "He is a Jew," Arrius remarked, thoughtfully.
  "The noble Quintus is shrewd."
  "He is very young," Arrius continued.
  "But our best rower," said the other. "I have seen his oar bend
almost to breaking."
  "Of what disposition is he?"
  "He is obedient; further I know not. Once he made request of me."
  "For what?"
  "He wishes me to change him alternately from the right to the left."
  "Did he give a reason?"
  "He had observed that the men who are confined to one side become
misshapen. He also said that some day of storm or battle there might
be sudden need to change him, and he might then be unserviceable."
  "Perpol! The idea is new. What else hast thou observed of him?"
  "He is cleanly above his companions."
  "In that he is Roman," said Arrius, approvingly. "Have you nothing
of his history?"
  "Not a word."
  The tribune reflected awhile, and turned to go to his own seat.
  "If I should be on deck when his time is up," he paused to say,
"send him to me. Let him come alone."
  About two hours later Arrius stood under the aplustre of the galley;
in the mood of one who, seeing himself carried swiftly towards an
event of mighty import, has nothing to do but wait- the mood in
which philosophy vests an even-minded man with the utmost calm, and is
ever so serviceable. The pilot sat with a hand upon the rope by
which the rudder paddles, one on each side of the vessel, were
managed. In the shade of the sail some sailors lay asleep, and up on
the yard there was a look-out. Lifting his eyes from the solarium
set under the aplustre for reference in keeping the course, Arrius
beheld the rower approaching.
  "The chief called thee the noble Arrius, and said it was thy will
that I should seek thee here. I am come."
  Arrius surveyed the figure, tall, sinewy, glistening in the sun, and
tinted by the rich red blood within- surveyed it admiringly, and
with a thought of the arena; yet the manner was not without effect
upon him: there was in the voice a suggestion of life at least
partly spent under refining influences; the eyes were clear and
open, and more curious than defiant. To the shrewd, demanding,
masterful glance bent upon it, the face gave back nothing to mar its
youthful comeliness- nothing of accusation or sullenness or menace,
only the signs which a great sorrow long borne imprints, as time
mellows the surface of pictures. In tacit acknowledgment of the
effect, the Roman spoke as an older man to a younger, not as a
master to a slave.
  "The hortator tells me thou art his best rower."
  "The hortator is very kind," the rower answered.
  "Hast thou seen much service?"
  "About three years."
  "At the oars?"
  "I cannot recall a day of rest from them."
  "The labour is hard; few men bear it a year without breaking, and
thou- thou art but a boy."
  "The noble Arrius forgets that the spirit hath much to do with
endurance. By its help the weak sometimes thrive, when the strong
perish."
  "From thy speech, thou art a Jew."
  "My ancestors further back than the first Roman were Hebrews."
  "The stubborn pride of thy race is not lost in thee," said Arrius,
observing a flush upon the rower's face.
  "Pride is never so loud as when in chains."
  "What cause hast thou for pride?"
  "That I am a Jew."
  Arrius smiled.
  "I have not been to Jerusalem," he said; "but I have heard of its
princes. I knew one of them. He was a merchant, and sailed the seas.
He was fit to have been a king. Of what degree art thou?"
  "I must answer thee from the bench of a galley. I am of the degree
of slaves. My father was a prince of Jerusalem, and, as a merchant, he
sailed the seas. He was known and honoured in the guest-chamber of the
great Augustus."
  "His name?"
  "Ithanar, of the house of Hur."
  The tribune raised his hand in astonishment.
  "A son of Hur- thou?"
  After a silence, he asked,
  "What brought thee here?"
  Judah lowered his head, and his breast laboured hard. When his
feelings were sufficiently mastered, he looked the tribune in the
face, and answered,
  "I was accused of attempting to assassinate Valerius Gratus, the
procurator."
  "Thou!" cried Arrius, yet more amazed, and retreating a step.
"Thou that assassin! All Rome rang with the story. It came to my
ship in the river by Lodinum."
  The two regarded each other silently.
  "I thought the family of Hur blotted from the earth," said Arrius,
speaking first,
  A flood of tender recollections carried the young man's pride
away; tears shone upon his cheeks.
  "Mother- mother! And my little Tirzah! Where are they? O tribune,
noble tribune, if thou knowest anything of them"- he clasped his hands
in appeal- "tell me all thou knowest. Tell me if they are living- if
living, where are they? and in what condition? Oh, I pray thee, tell
me!"
  He drew nearer Arrius, so near that his hands touched the cloak
where it dropped from the latter's folded arms.
  "The horrible day is three years gone," he continued- "three
years, O tribune, and every hour a whole lifetime of misery- a
lifetime in a bottomless pit with death, and no relief but in
labour- and in all that time not a word from anyone, not a whisper.
Oh, if, in being forgotten, we could only forget! If only I could hide
from that scene- my sister torn from me, my mother's last look! I have
felt the plague's breath, and the shock of ships in battle; I have
heard the tempest lashing the sea, and laughed, though others
prayed: death would have been a riddance. Bend the oar- yes, in the
strain of mighty effort trying to escape the haunting of what that day
occurred, Think what little will help me. Tell me they are dead, if no
more, for happy they cannot be while I am lost. I have heard them call
me in the night; I have seen them on the water walking. Oh, never
anything so true as my mother's love! And Tirzah- her breath was as
the breath of white lilies. She was the youngest branch of the palm-
so fresh, so tender, so graceful, so beautiful! She made my day all
morning. She came and went in music. And mine was the hand that laid
them low! I- "
  "Dost thou admit thy guilt?" asked Arrius, sternly.
  The change that came upon Ben-Hur was wonderful to see, it was so
instant and extreme. The voice sharpened; the hands arose
tight-clenched; every fibre thrilled; his eyes flamed.
  "Thou hast heard of the God of my fathers," he said; "of the
infinite Jehovah. By his truth and almightiness, and by the love
with which he hath followed Israel from the beginning, I swear I am
innocent!"
  The tribune was much moved.
  "O noble Roman!" continued Ben-Hur, "give me a little faith, and,
into my darkness, deeper darkening every day, send a light!"
  Arrius turned away, and walked the deck.
  "Didst thou not have a trial?" he asked, stopping suddenly.
  "No!"
  The Roman raised his head, surprised.
  "No trial- no witnesses! Who passed judgment upon thee?"
  Romans, it should be remembered, were at no time such lovers of
the law and its forms as in the ages of their decay.
  "They bound me with cords, and dragged me to a vault in the Tower. I
saw no one. No one spoke to me. Next day soldiers took me to the
seaside. I have been a galley-slave ever since."
  "What couldst thou have proven?"
  "I was a boy, too young to be a conspirator. Gratus was a stranger
to me. If I had meant to kill him, that was not the time or the place.
He was riding in the midst of a legion, and it was broad day. I
could not have escaped. I was of a class most friendly to Rome. My
father had been distinguished for his services to the emperor. We
had a great estate to lose. Ruin was certain to myself, my mother,
my sister. I had no cause for malice, while every consideration-
property, family, life, conscience, the Law- to a son of Israel as the
breath of his nostrils- would have stayed my hand, though the foul
intent had been ever so strong. I was not mad. Death was preferable to
shame; and, believe me, I pray it is so yet."
  "Who was with thee when the blow was struck?"
  "I was on the house-top- my father's house. Tirzah was with me at my
side- the soul of gentleness. Together we leaned over the parapet to
see the legion pass. A tile gave way under my hand, and fell upon
Gratus. I thought I had killed him. Ah, what horror I felt!"
  "Where was thy mother?"
  "In her chamber below."
  "What became of her?"
  Ben-Hur clenched his hands, and drew a breath like a gasp.
  "I do not know. I saw them drag her away- that's all I know. Out
of the house they drove every living thing, even the dumb cattle,
and they sealed the gates. The purpose was that she should not return.
I, too, ask for her. Oh for one word! She, at least, was innocent. I
can forgive- but I pray thy pardon, noble tribune! A slave like me
should not talk of forgiveness or of revenge. I am bound to an oar for
life."
  Arrius listened intently. He brought all his experience with
slaves to his aid. If the feeling shown in this instance were assumed,
the acting was perfect; on the other hand, if it were real, the
Jew's innocence might not be doubted; and if he were innocent, with
what blind fury the power had been exercised! A whole family blotted
out to atone an accident! The thought shocked him.
  There is no wiser providence than that our occupations, however rude
or bloody, cannot wear us out morally; that such qualities as
justice and mercy, if they really possess us, continue to live on
under them, like flowers under the snow. The tribune could be
inexorable, else he had not been fit for the usages of his calling; he
could also be just; and to excite his sense of wrong was to put him in
the way to right the wrong. The crews of the ships in which he
served came after a time to speak of him as the good tribune. Shrewd
readers will not want a better definition of his character.
  In this instance there were many circumstances certainly in the
young man's favour, and some to be supposed. Possibly Arrius knew
Valerius Gratus without loving him. Possibly he had known the elder
Hur. In the course of his appeal Judah had asked him of that, and,
as will be noticed, he had made no reply.
  For once the tribune was at loss, and hesitated. His power was
ample. He was monarch of the ship. His prepossessions all moved him to
mercy. His faith was won. Yet, he said to himself, there was no haste-
or, rather, there was haste to Cythera; the best rower could not
then be spared; he would wait; he would learn more; he would at
least be sure this was the prince Ben-Hur, and that he was of a
right disposition. Ordinarily slaves were liars.
  "It is enough," he said aloud. "Go back to thy place."
  Ben-Hur bowed, looked once more into the master's face, but saw
nothing for hope. He turned away slowly, looked back, and said-
  "If thou dost think of me again, O tribune, let it not be lost in
thy mind that I prayed thee only for word of my people- mother,
sister."
  He moved on.
  Arrius followed him with admiring eyes.
  "Perpol!" he thought. "With teaching, what a man for the arena! What
a runner! Ye gods! what an arm for the sword or the cestus!- Stay!" he
said aloud.
  Ben-Hur stopped, and the tribune went to him.
  "If thou wert free, what wouldst thou do?"
  "The noble Arrius mocks me!" Judah said, with trembling lips.
  "No; by the gods, no!"
  "Then I will answer gladly. I would give myself to duty the first of
life. I would know no other. I would know no rest until my mother
and Tirzah were restored to home. I would give every day and hour to
their happiness. I would wait upon them; never a slave more
faithful. They have lost much, but, by the God of my fathers, I
would find them more!"
  The answer was unexpected by the Roman. For a moment he lost his
purpose.
  "I spoke to thy ambition," he said, recovering. "If thy mother and
sister were dead, or not to be found, what wouldst thou do?"
  A distinct pallor overspread Ben-Hur's face, and he looked over
the sea. There was a struggle with some strong feeling; when it was
conquered, he turned to the tribune.
  "What pursuit would I follow?" he asked.
  "Yes."
  "Tribune, I will tell thee truly. Only the night before the dreadful
day of which I have spoken, I obtained permission to be a soldier. I
am of the same mind yet; and, as in all the earth there is but one
school of war, thither I would go."
  "The Palaestra!" exclaimed Arrius.
  "No; a Roman camp."
  "But thou must first acquaint thyself with the use of arms."
  Now a master may never safely advise a slave. Arrius saw his
indiscretion, and, in a breath, chilled his voice and manner.
  "Go now," he said, "and do not build upon what has passed between
us. Perhaps I do but play with thee. Or,"- he looked away musingly-
"or, if thou dost think of it with any hope, choose between the renown
of a gladiator and the service of a soldier. The former may come of
the favour of the emperor; there is no reward for thee in the
latter. Thou art not a Roman. Go!"
  A short while after Ben-Hur was upon his bench again.
  A man's task is always light if his heart is light. Handling the oar
did not seem so toilsome to Judah. A hope had come to him, like a
singing bird. He could hardly see the visitor or hear its song; that
it was there, though, he knew; his feelings told him so. The caution
of the tribune- "Perhaps I do but play with thee"- was dismissed often
as it recurred to his mind. That he had been called by the great man
and asked his story was the bread upon which he fed his hungry spirit.
Surely something good would come of it. The light about his bench
was clear and bright with promises, and he prayed-
  "O God! I am a true son of the Israel thou hast so loved! Help me, I
pray thee!"
                        CHAPTER IV.
                         "No. 60".

  IN the Bay of Antemona, east of Cythera the island, the hundred
galleys assembled. There the tribune gave one day to inspection. He
sailed then to Naxos, the largest of the Cyclades, midway the coasts
of Greece and Asia, like a great stone planted in the centre of a
highway, from which he could challenge everything that passed; at
the same time he would be in position to go after the pirates
instantly, whether they were in the AEgean or out on the
Mediterranean.
  As the fleet, in order, rowed in towards the mountain shores of
the island, a galley was descried coming from the north. Arrius went
to meet it. She proved to be a transport just from Byzantium, and from
her commander he learned the particulars of which he stood in most
need.
  The pirates were from all the farther shores of the Euxine. Even
Tanais, at the mouth of the river which was supposed to feed Palus
Maeotis, was represented among them. Their preparations had been
with the greatest secrecy. The first known of them was their
appearance off the entrance to the Thracian Bosphorus, followed by the
destruction of the fleet in station there. Thence to the outlet of the
Hellespont everything afloat had fallen their prey. There were quite
sixty galleys in the squadron, all well manned and supplied. A few
were biremes, the rest stout triremes. A Greek was in command, and the
pilots, said to be familiar with all the Eastern seas, were Greek. The
plunder had been incalculable. The panic, consequently, was not on the
sea alone; cities, with closed gates, sent their people nightly to the
walls. Traffic had almost ceased.
  Where were the pirates now?
  To this question, of most interest to Arrius, he received answer.
  After sacking Hephaestia, on the island of Lemnos, the enemy had
coursed across to the Thessalian group, and, by last account,
disappeared in the gulfs between Euboea and Hellas.
  Such were the tidings.
  Then the people of the island, drawn to the hill-tops by the rare
spectacle of a hundred ships careering in united squadron, beheld
the advance division suddenly turn to the north, and the others
follow, wheeling upon the same point like cavalry in a column. News of
the piratical descent had reached them, and now, watching the white
sails until they faded from sight up between Rhene and Syros, the
thoughtful among them took comfort, and were grateful. What Rome
seized with strong hand she always defended: in return for their
taxes, she gave them safety.
  The tribune was more than pleased with the enemy's movements; he was
doubly thankful to Fortune. She had brought swift and sure
intelligence, and had lured his foes into the waters where, of all
others, destruction was most assured. He knew the havoc one galley
could play in a broad sea like the Mediterranean, and the difficulty
of finding and overhauling her; he knew, also, how those very
circumstances would enhance the service and glory if, at one blow,
he could put a finish to the whole piratical array.
  If the reader will take a map of Greece and the AEgean, he will
notice the island of Euboea lying along the classic coast like a
rampart against Asia, leaving a channel between it and the continent
quite a hundred and twenty miles in length, and scarcely an average of
eight in width. The inlet on the north had admitted the fleet of
Xerxes, and now it received the bold raiders from the Euxine. The
towns along the Pelasgic and Meliac gulfs were rich and their
plunder seductive. All things considered, therefore, Arrius judged
that the robbers might be found somewhere below Thermopylae. Welcoming
the chance, he resolved to enclose them north and south, to do which
not an hour could be lost; even the fruits and wines and women of
Naxos must be left behind. So he sailed away without stop or tack
until, a little before nightfall, Mount Ocha was seen upreared against
the sky, and the pilot reported the Euboean coast.
  At a signal the fleet rested upon its oars. When the movement was
resumed, Arrius led a division of fifty of the galleys, intending to
take them up the channel, while another division, equally strong,
turned their prows to the outer or seaward side of the island, with
orders to make all haste to the upper inlet, and descend sweeping
the waters.
  To be sure, neither division was equal in number to the pirates; but
each had advantages in compensation, among them, by no means least,
a discipline impossible to a lawless horde, however brave. Besides, it
was a shrewd count on the tribune's side, if, peradventure, one should
be defeated, the other would find the enemy shattered by his
victory, and in condition to be easily overwhelmed.
  Meanwhile Ben-Hur kept his bench, relieved every six hours. The rest
in the Bay of Antemona had freshened him, so that the oar was not
troublesome, and the chief on the platform found no fault.
  People, generally, are not aware of the ease of mind there is in
knowing where they are, and where they are going. The sensation of
being lost is a keen distress; still worse is the feeling one has in
driving blindly into unknown places. Custom had dulled the feeling
with Ben-Hur, but only measurably. Pulling away hour after hour,
sometimes days and nights together, sensible all the time that the
galley was gliding swiftly along some of the many tracks of the
broad sea, the longing to know where he was, and whither going, was
always present with him; but now it seemed quickened by the hope which
had come to new life in his breast since the interview with the
tribune. The narrower the abiding-place happens to be, the more
intense is the longing; and so he found. He seemed to hear every sound
of the ship in labour, and listened to each one as if it were a
voice come to tell him something; he looked to the grating overhead,
and through it into the light of which so small a portion was his,
expecting, he knew not what; and many times he caught himself on the
point of yielding to the impulse to speak to the chief on the
platform, than which no circumstance of battle would have astonished
that dignitary more.
  In his long service, by watching the shifting of the meagre sunbeams
upon the cabin floor when the ship was under way, he had come to know,
generally, the quarter into which she was sailing. This, of course,
was only of clear days like those good fortune was sending the
tribune. The experience had not failed him in the period succeeding
the departure from Cythera. Thinking they were tending towards the old
Judean country, he was sensitive to every variation from the course.
With a pang, he had observed the sudden change northward which, as has
been noticed, took place near Naxos: the cause, however, he could
not even conjecture; for it must be remembered that, in common with
his fellow-slaves, he knew nothing of the situation, and had no
interest in the voyage. His place was at the oar, and he was held
there inexorably, whether at anchor or under sail. Once only in
three years had he been permitted an outlook from the deck. The
occasion we have seen. He had no idea that, following the vessel he
was helping drive, there was a great squadron close at hand and in
beautiful order; no more did he know the object of which it was in
pursuit.
  When the sun, going down, withdrew his last ray from the cabin,
the galley still held northward. Night fell, yet Ben-Hur could discern
no change. About that time the smell of incense floated down the
gangways from the deck.
  "The tribune is at the altar," he thought. "Can it be we are going
into battle?"
  He became observant.
  Now he had been in many battles without having seen one. From his
bench he had heard them above and about him, until he was familiar
with all their notes, almost as a singer with a song. So, too, he
had become acquainted with many of the preliminaries of an engagement,
of which, with a Roman as well as a Greek, the most invariable was the
sacrifice to the gods. The rites were the same as those performed at
the beginning of a voyage, and to him, when noticed, they were
always an admonition.
  A battle, it should be observed, possessed for him and his
fellow-slaves of the oar an interest unlike that of the sailor and
marine; it came, not of the danger encountered, but of the fact that
defeat, if survived, might bring an alteration of condition-
possibly freedom- at least a change of masters, which might be for the
better.
  In good time the lanterns were lighted and hung by the stairs, and
the tribune came down from the deck. At his word the marines put on
their armour. At his word again, the machines were looked to, and
spears, javelins, and arrows, in great sheaves, brought and laid
upon the floor, together with jars of inflammable oil, and baskets
of cotton balls wound loose like the wicking of candles. And when,
finally, Ben-Hur saw the tribune mount his platform and don his
armour, and get his helmet and shield out, the meaning of the
preparations might not be any longer doubted, and he made ready for
the last ignominy of his service.
  To every bench, as a fixture, there was a chain with heavy
anklets. These the hortator proceeded to lock upon the oarsmen,
going from number to number, leaving no choice but to obey, and, in
event of disaster, no possibility of escape.
  In the cabin, then, a silence fell, broken, at first, only by the
sough of the oars turning in the leathern cases. Every man upon the
benches felt the shame, Ben-Hur more keenly than his companions. He
would have put it away at any price. Soon the clanking of the
fetters notified him of the progress the chief was making in his
round. He would come to him in turn; but would not the tribune
interpose for him?
  The thought may be set down to vanity or selfishness, as the
reader pleases; it certainly, at that moment, took possession of
Ben-Hur. He believed the Roman would interpose; anyhow, the
circumstance would test the man's feelings. If, intent upon the
battle, he would but think of him, it would be proof of his opinion
formed- proof that he had been tacitly promoted above his associates
in misery- such proof as would justify hope.
  Ben-Hur waited anxiously. The interval seemed like an age. At
every turn of the oar he looked towards the tribune, who, his simple
preparations made, lay down upon the couch and composed himself to
rest; whereupon number sixty chid himself, and laughed grimly, and
resolved not to look that way again.
  The hortator approached. Now he was at number one- the rattle of the
iron links sounded horribly. At last number sixty! Calm from
despair, Ben-Hur held his oar at poise, and gave his foot to the
officer. Then the tribune stirred- sat up- beckoned to the chief.
  A strong revulsion seized the Jew. From the hortator the great man
glanced at him; and when he dropped his oar all the section of the
ship on his side seemed aglow. He heard nothing of what was said;
enough that the chain hung idly from its staple in the bench, and that
the chief, going to his seat, began to beat the sounding-board. The
notes of the gavel were never so like music. With his breast against
the leaded handle, he pushed with all his might- pushed until the
shaft bent as if about to break.
  The chief went to the tribune, and, smiling, pointed to number
sixty.
  "What strength!" he said.
  "And what spirit!" the tribune answered. "Perpol! He is better
without the irons. Put them on him no more."
  So saying, he stretched himself upon the couch again.
  The ship sailed on hour after hour under the oars in water
scarcely rippled by the wind. And the people not on duty slept, Arrius
in his place, the marines on the floor.
  Once- twice- Ben-Hur was relieved; but he could not sleep. Three
years of night, and through the darkness a sunbeam at last! At sea
adrift and lost, and now land! Dead so long, and, lo! the thrill and
stir of resurrection. Sleep was not for such an hour. Hope deals
with the future; now and the past are but servants that wait on her
with impulse and suggestive circumstance. Starting from the favour
of the tribune, she carried him forward indefinitely. The wonder is,
not that things so purely imaginative as the results she points us
to can make us so happy, but that we can receive them as so real. They
must be as gorgeous poppies under the influence of which, under the
crimson and purple and gold, reason lies down the while, and is not.
Sorrows assuaged; home and the fortunes of his house restored;
mother and sister in his arms once more- such were the central ideas
which made him happier that moment than he had ever been. That he
was rushing, as on wings, into horrible battle had, for the time,
nothing to do with his thoughts. The things thus in hope were
unmixed with doubts- they were. Hence his joy so full, so perfect,
there was no room in his heart for revenge. Messala, Gratus, Rome, and
all the bitter, passionate memories connected with them, were as
dead plagues- miasms of the earth above which he floated. far and
safe, listening to singing stars.
  The deeper darkness before the dawn was upon the waters, and all
things going well with the Astraea, when a man, descending from the
deck, walked swiftly to the platform where the tribune slept, and
awoke him. Arrius arose, put on his helmet, sword, and shield, and
went to the commander of the marines.
  "The pirates are close by. Up and ready!" he said, and passed to the
stairs, calm, confident, insomuch that one might have thought,
"Happy fellow! Apicius has set a feast for him."
                        CHAPTER V.
                      THE SEA FIGHT.

  EVERY soul aboard, even the ship, awoke. Officers went to their
quarters. The marines took arms, and were led out, looking in all
respects like legionaries. Sheaves of arrows and armfuls of javelins
were carried on deck. By the central stairs the oil-tanks and
fireballs were set ready for use. Additional lanterns were lighted.
Buckets were filled with water. The rowers in relief assembled under
guard in front of the chief. As Providence would have it, Ben-Hur
was one of the latter. Overhead he heard the muffled noises of the
final preparations- of the sailors furling sail, spreading the
nettings, unslinging the machines, and hanging the armour of bull-hide
over the sides. Presently quiet settled about the galley again;
quiet full of vague dread and expectation, which, interpreted, means
ready.
  At a signal passed down from the deck, and communicated to the
hortator by a petty officer stationed on the stairs, all at once the
oars stopped.
  What did it mean?
  Of the hundred and twenty slaves chained to the benches, not one but
asked himself the question. They were without incentive. Patriotism,
love of honour, sense of duty, brought them no inspiration. They
felt the thrill common to men rushed helpless and blind into danger.
It may be supposed the dullest of them, poising his oar, thought of
all that might happen, yet could promise himself nothing; for
victory would but rivet his chains the firmer, while the chances of
the ship were his; sinking or on fire, he was doomed to her fate.
  Of the situation without they might not ask, And who were the enemy?
And what if they were friends, brethren, countrymen? The reader,
carrying the suggestion forward, will see the necessity which governed
the Roman when, in such emergencies, he locked the hapless wretches to
their seats.
  There was little time, however, for such thought with them. A
sound like the rowing of galleys astern attracted Ben-Hur, and the
Astraea rocked as if in the midst of countering waves. The idea of a
fleet at hand broke upon him- a fleet in manoeuvre- forming probably
for attack. His blood started with the fancy.
  Another signal came down from the deck. The oars dipped, and the
galley started imperceptibly. No sound from without, none from within,
yet each man in the cabin instinctively poised himself for a shock;
the very ship seemed to catch the sense, and hold its breath, and go
crouched tiger-like.
  In such a situation time is inappreciable; so that Ben-Hur could
form no judgment of distance gone. At last there was a sound of
trumpets on deck, full, clear, long blown. The chief beat the
sounding-board until it rang; the rowers reached forward full
length, and, deepening the dip of their oars, pulled suddenly with all
their united force. The galley, quivering in every timber, answered
with a leap. Other trumpets joined in the clamour- all from the
rear, none forward- from the latter quarter only a rising sound of
voices in tumult heard briefly. There was a mighty blow; the rowers in
front of the chief's platform reeled, some of them fell; the ship
bounded back, recovered, and rushed on more irresistibly than
before. Shrill and high arose the shrieks of men in terror; over the
blare of trumpets, and the grind and crash of the collision, they
arose; then under his feet, under the keel, pounding, rumbling,
breaking to pieces, drowning, Ben-Hur felt something overridden. The
men about him looked at each other afraid. A shout of triumph from the
deck- the beak of the Roman had won! But who were they whom the sea
had drunk? Of what tongue, from what land were they?
  No pause, no stay! Forward rushed the Astraea; and, as it went, some
sailors ran down, and plunging the cotton balls into the oil-tanks,
tossed them dripping to comrades at the head of the stairs: fire was
to be added to other horrors of the combat.
  Directly the galley heeled over so far that the oarsmen on the
uppermost side with difficulty kept their benches. Again the hearty
Roman cheer, and with it, despairing shrieks. An opposing vessel,
caught by the grappling-hooks of the great crane swinging from the
prow, was being lifted into the air that it might be dropped and sunk.
  The shouting increased on the right hand and on the left; before,
behind, swelled an indescribable clamour. Occasionally there was a
crash, followed by sudden peals of fright, telling of other ships
ridden down, and their crews drowned in the vortexes.
  Nor was the fight all on one side. Now and then a Roman in armour
was borne down the hatchway, and laid bleeding, sometimes dying, on
the floor.
  Sometimes, also, puffs of smoke, blended with steam, and foul with
the scent of roasting human flesh, poured into the cabin, turning
the dimming light into yellow murk. Gasping for breath the while,
Ben-Hur knew they were passing through the cloud of a ship on fire,
and burning up with the rowers chained to the benches.
  The Astraea all this time was in motion. Suddenly she stopped. The
oars forward were dashed from the hands of the rowers, and the
rowers from their benches. On deck, then, a furious trampling, and
on the sides a grinding of ships afoul of each other. For the first
time the beating of the gavel was lost in the uproar. Men sank on
the floor in fear or looked about seeking a hiding-place. In the midst
of the panic a body plunged or was pitched headlong down the hatchway,
falling near Ben-Hur. He beheld the half-naked carcass, a mass of hair
blackening the face, and under it a shield of bull-hide and
wicker-work- a barbarian from the white-skinned nations of the North
whom death had robbed of plunder and revenge. How came he there? An
iron hand had snatched him from the opposing deck- no, the Astraea had
been boarded! The Romans were fighting on their own deck? A chill
smote the young Jew: Arrius was hard pressed- he might be defending
his own life. If he should be slain! God of Abraham forefend! The
hopes and dreams so lately come, were they only hopes and dreams?
Mother and sister- house- home- Holy Land- was he not to see them,
after all? The tumult thundered above him; he looked around; in the
cabin all was confusion- the rowers on the benches paralyzed; men
running blindly hither and thither; only the chief on his seat
imperturbable, vainly beating the sounding-board, and waiting the
orders of the tribune- in the red murk illustrating the matchless
discipline which had won the world.
  The example had a good effect upon Ben-Hur. He controlled himself
enough to think. Honour and duty bound the Roman to the platform;
but what had he to do with such motives then? The bench was a thing to
run from; while, if he were to die a slave, who would be the better of
the sacrifice? With him living was duty, if not honour. His life
belonged to his people. They arose before him never more real: he
saw them, their arms outstretched; he heard them imploring him. And he
would go to them. He started- stopped. Alas! a Roman judgment held him
in doom. While it endured, escape would be profitless. In the wide,
wide earth there was no place in which he would be safe from the
imperial demand; upon the land none, nor upon the sea. Whereas he
required freedom according to the forms of law, so only could he abide
in Judea and execute the filial purpose to which he would devote
himself: in other land he would not live. Dear God! How he had
waited and watched and prayed for such a release! And how it had
been delayed! But at last he had seen it in the promise of the
tribune. What else the great man's meaning? And if the benefactor so
belated should now be slain! The dead come not back to redeem the
pledges of the living. It should not be- Arrius should not die. At
least, better perish with him than survive a galley-slave.
  Once more Ben-Hur looked around. Upon the roof of the cabin the
battle yet beat; against the sides the hostile vessels yet crushed and
grided. On the benches the slaves struggled to tear loose from their
chains, and, finding their efforts vain, howled like madmen; the
guards had gone upstairs; discipline was out, panic in. No, the
chief kept his chair, unchanged, calm as ever- except the gavel,
weaponless. Vainly with his clangour he filled the lulls in the din.
Ben-Hur gave him a last look, then broke away- not in flight, but to
seek the tribune.
  A very short space lay between him and the stairs of the hatchway
aft. He took it with a leap, and was half-way up the steps- up far
enough to catch a glimpse of the sky blood-red with fire, of the ships
alongside, of the sea covered with ships and wrecks, of the fight
closed in about the pilot's quarter, the assailants many, the
defenders few- when suddenly his foothold was knocked away, and he
pitched backward. The floor, when he reached it, seemed to be
lifting itself and breaking to pieces; then, in a twinkling, the whole
after-part of the hull broke asunder, and, as if it had all the time
been lying in wait, the sea, hissing and foaming, leaped in, and all
became darkness and surging water to Ben-Hur.
  It cannot be said that the young Jew helped himself in this
stress. Besides his usual strength, he had the indefinite extra
force which nature keeps in reserve for just such perils to life;
yet the darkness, and the whirl and roar of water, stupefied him. Even
the holding of his breath was involuntary.
  The influx of the flood tossed him like a log forward into the
cabin, where he would have drowned but for the refluence of the
sinking motion. As it was, fathoms under the surface the hollow mass
vomited him forth, and he arose along with the loosed debris. In the
act of rising he clutched something, and held to it. The time he was
under seemed an age longer than it really was; at last he gained the
top; with a great gasp he filled his lungs afresh, and, tossing the
water from his hair and eyes, climbed higher upon the plank he held,
and looked about him.
  Death had pursued him closely under the waves; he found it waiting
for him when he was risen- waiting multiform.
  Smoke lay upon the sea like a semi-transparent fog, through which
here and there shone cores of intense brilliance. A quick intelligence
told him that they were ships on fire. The battle was yet on; nor
could he say who was victor. Within the radius of his vision now and
then ships passed, shooting shadows athwart lights. Out of the dun
clouds farther on he caught the crash of other ships colliding. The
danger, however, was closer at hand. When the Astraea went down, her
deck, it will be recollected, held her own crew, and the crews of
the two galleys which had attacked her at the same time, all of whom
were ingulfed. Many of them came to the surface together, and on the
same plank or support of whatever kind continued the combat, begun
possibly in the vortex fathoms down. Writhing and twisting in deadly
embrace, sometimes striking with sword or javelin, they kept the sea
around them in agitation, at one place inky-black, at another aflame
with fiery reflections. With their struggles he had nothing to do;
they were all his enemies: not one of them but would kill him for
the plank upon which he floated. He made haste to get away.
  About that time he heard oars in quickest movement, and beheld a
galley coming down upon him. The tall prow seemed doubly tall, and the
red light playing upon its gilt and carving gave it an appearance of
snaky life. Under its foot the water churned to flying foam.
  He struck out, pushing the plank, which was very broad and
unmanageable. Seconds were precious- half a second might save or
lose him. In the crisis of the effort, up from the sea, within arm's
reach, a helmet shot like a gleam of gold. Next came two hands with
fingers extended- large hands were they, and strong- their hold once
fixed, might not be loosed. Ben-Hur swerved from them appalled. Up
rose the helmet and the head it encased- then two arms, which began to
beat the water wildly- the head turned back, and gave the face to
the light. The mouth gaping wide; the eyes open, but sightless, and
the bloodless pallor of a drowning man- never anything more ghastly!
Yet he gave a cry of joy at the sight, and as the face was going under
again, he caught the sufferer by the chain which passed from the
helmet beneath the chin, and drew him to the plank.
  The man was Arrius, the tribune.
  For a while the water foamed and eddied violently about Ben-Hur,
taxing all his strength to hold to the support and at the same time
keep the Roman's head above the surface. The galley had passed,
leaving the two barely outside the stroke of its oars. Right through
the floating men, over heads helmeted as well as heads bare, she
drove, in her wake nothing but the sea sparkling with fire. A
muffled crash, succeeded by a great outcry, made the rescuer look
again from his charge. A certain savage pleasure touched his heart-
the Astraea was avenged.
  After that the battle moved on. Resistance turned to flight. But who
were the victors? Ben-Hur was sensible how much his freedom and the
life of the tribune depended upon that event. He pushed the plank
under the latter until it floated him, after which all his care was to
keep him there. The dawn came slowly. He watched its growing
hopefully, yet sometimes afraid. Would it bring the Romans or the
pirates? If the pirates, his charge was lost.
  At last morning broke in full, the air without a breath. Off to
the left he saw the land, too far to think of attempting to make it.
Here and there men were adrift like himself. In spots the sea was
blackened by charred and sometimes smoking fragments. A galley up a
long way was lying to with a torn sail hanging from the tilted yard,
and the oars all idle. Still farther away he could discern moving
specks, which he thought might be ships in flight or pursuit, or
they might be white birds awing.
  An hour passed thus. His anxiety increased. If relief came not
speedily, Arrius would die. Sometimes he seemed already dead, he lay
so still. He took the helmet off, and then, with greater difficulty,
the cuirass; the heart he found fluttering. He took hope at the
sign, and held on. There was nothing to do but wait, and, after the
manner of his people, pray.
                        CHAPTER VI.
                   ARRIUS ADOPTS BEN-HUR.

  THE throes of recovery from drowning are more painful than the
drowning. These Arrius passed through, and, at length, to Ben-Hur's
delight, reached the point of speech.
  Gradually, from incoherent questions as to where he was, and by whom
and how he had been saved, he reverted to the battle. The doubt of the
victory stimulated his faculties to full return, a result aided not
a little by a long rest- such as could be had on their frail
support. After a while he became talkative.
  "Our rescue, I see, depends upon the result of the fight. I see also
what thou hast done for me. To speak fairly, thou hast saved my life
at the risk of thy own. I make the acknowledgment broadly; and,
whatever cometh, thou hast my thanks. More than that, if fortune
doth but serve me kindly, and we get well out of this peril, I will do
thee such favour as becometh a Roman who hath power and opportunity to
prove his gratitude. Yet, yet it is to be seen if, with thy good
intent, thou hast really done me a kindness; or, rather, speaking to
thy good-will"- he hesitated- "I would exact of thee a promise to do
me, in a certain event, the greatest favour one man can do another-
and of that let me have thy pledge now."
  "If the thing be not forbidden, I will do it," Ben-Hur replied.
  Arrius rested again.
  "Art thou, indeed, a son of Hur, the Jew?" he next asked.
  "It is as I have said."
  "I knew thy father- "
  Judah drew himself nearer, for the tribune's voice was weak- he drew
nearer, and listened eagerly- at last he thought to hear of home.
  "I knew him, and loved him," Arrius continued.
  There was another pause, during which something diverted the
speaker's thought.
  "It cannot be," he proceeded, "that thou, a son of his, hast not
heard of Cato and Brutus. They were very great men, and never as great
as in death. In their dying, they left this law- A Roman may not
survive his good fortune. Art thou listening?"
  "I hear."
  "It is a custom of gentlemen in Rome to wear a ring. There is one on
my hand. Take it now."
  He held the hand to Judah, who did as he asked.
  "Now put it on thine own hand."
  Ben-Hur did so.
  "The trinket hath its uses," said Arrius next. "I have property
and money. I am accounted rich even in Rome. I have no family. Show
the ring to my freedman who hath control in my absence; you will
find him in a villa near Misenum. Tell him how it came to thee, and
ask anything, or all he may have; he will not refuse the demand. If
I live, I will do better by thee. I will make thee free, and restore
thee to thy home and people; or thou mayst give thyself to the pursuit
that pleaseth thee most. Dost thou hear?"
  "I could not choose but hear."
  "Then pledge me. By the gods- "
  "Nay, good tribune, I am a Jew."
  "By thy God, then, or in the form most sacred to those of thy faith-
pledge me to do what I tell thee now, and as I tell thee; I am
waiting, let me have thy promise."
  "Noble Arrius, I am warned by thy manner to expect something of
gravest concern. Tell me thy wish first."
  "Wilt thou promise, then?"
  "That were to give the pledge, and- Blessed be the God of my
fathers! yonder cometh a ship!"
  "In what direction?"- "From the north."- "Canst thou tell her
nationality by outward signs?"- "No. My service hath been at the
oars."- "Hath she a flag?"- "I cannot see one."
  Arrius remained quiet some time, apparently in deep reflection.
  "Does the ship hold this way yet?" he at length asked.- "Still
this way."- "Look for the flag now."- "She hath none."- "Nor any other
sign?"
  "She hath a sail set, and is of three banks, and cometh swiftly-
that is all I can say of her."
  "A Roman in triumph would have out many flags. She must be an enemy.
Hear, now," said Arrius, becoming grave again, "hear, while yet I
may speak. If the galley be a pirate, thy life is safe; they may not
give thee freedom; they may put thee to the oar again; but they will
not kill thee. On the other hand, I- "
  The tribune faltered.
  "Perpol!" he continued, resolutely. "I am too old to submit to
dishonour. In Rome let them tell how Quintus Arrius, as became a Roman
tribune, went down with his ship in the midst of the foe. This is what
I would have thee do. If the galley prove a pirate, push me from the
plank and drown me. Dost thou hear? Swear thou wilt do it."
  "I will not swear," said Ben-Hur, firmly; "neither will I do the
deed. The Law, which is to me most binding, O tribune, would make me
answerable for thy life. Take back the ring"- he took the seal from
his finger- "take it back, and all thy promises of favour in the event
of delivery from this peril. The judgment which sent me to the oar for
life made me a slave, yet I am not a slave; no more am I thy freedman.
I am a son of Israel, and this moment, at least, my own master. Take
back the ring."
  Arrius remained passive.
  "Thou wilt not?" Judah continued. "Not in anger, then, nor in any
despite, but to free myself from a hateful obligation, I will give thy
gift to the sea. See, O tribune!"
  He tossed the ring away. Arrius heard the splash where it struck and
sank, though he did not look.
  "Thou hast done a foolish thing," he said- "foolish for one placed
as thou art. I am not dependent upon thee for death. Life is a
thread I can break without thy help; and, if I do, what will become of
thee? Men determined on death prefer it at the hands of others, for
the reason that the soul which Plato giveth us is rebellious at the
thought of self-destruction; that is all. If the ship be a pirate, I
will escape from the world. My mind is fixed. I am a Roman. Success
and honour are all in all. Yet I would have served thee; thou
wouldst not. The ring was the only witness of my will available in
this situation. We are both lost. I will die regretting the victory
and glory wrested from me; thou wilt live to die a little later,
mourning the pious duties undone because of this folly. I pity thee."
  Ben-Hur saw the consequences of his act more distinctly than before,
yet he did not falter.
  "In the three years of my servitude, O tribune, thou wert the
first to look upon me kindly. No, no! There was another." The voice
dropped, the eyes became humid, and he saw plainly, as if it were then
before him, the face of the boy who helped him to a drink by the old
well at Nazareth. "At least," he proceeded, "thou wert the first to
ask me who I was; and if, when I reached out and caught thee, blind
and sinking the last time, I, too, had thought of the many ways in
which thou couldst be useful to me in my wretchedness, still the act
was not all selfish; this I pray you to believe. Moreover, seeing as
God giveth me to now, the ends I dream of are to be wrought by fair
means alone. As a thing of conscience I would rather die with thee
than be thy slayer. My mind is firmly set as thine; though thou wert
to offer me all Rome, O tribune, and it belonged to thee to make the
gift good, I would not kill thee. Thy Cato and Brutus were as little
children compared to the Hebrew whose law a Jew must obey."
  "But my request. Hast- "
  "Thy command would be of more weight, and that would not move me.
I have said."
  Both became silent, waiting.
  Ben-Hur looked often at the coming ship. Arrius rested with closed
eyes, indifferent.
  "Art thou sure she is an enemy?" Ben-Hur asked.- "I think so," was
the reply.- "She stops, and puts a boat over the side."- "Dost thou
see her flag?" "Is there no other sign by which she may be known if
Roman?"- "If Roman, she hath a helmet over the mast's top."- "Then
be of cheer. I see the helmet."
  Still Arrius was not assured.
  "The men in the small boat are taking in the people afloat.
Pirates are not humane."
  "They may need rowers," Arrius replied, recurring, possibly, to
times when he had made rescues for the purpose.
  Ben-Hur was very watchful of the actions of the strangers.
  "The ship moves off," he said.
  "Whither?"
  "Over on our right there is a galley which I take to be deserted.
The new-comer heads towards it. Now she is alongside. Now she is
sending men aboard."
  Then Arrius opened his eyes and threw off his calm.
  "Thank thou thy God," he said to Ben-Hur, after a look at the
galleys, "thank thou thy God, as I do my many gods. A pirate would
sink, not save, yon ship. By the act and the helmet on the mast I know
a Roman. The victory is mine. Fortune hath not deserted me. We are
saved. Wave thy hand- call to them- bring them quickly. I shall be
duumvir, and thou! I knew thy father, and loved him. He was a prince
indeed. He taught me a Jew was not a barbarian. I will take thee
with me. I will make thee my son. Give thy God thanks, and call the
sailors. Haste! The pursuit must be kept. Not a robber shall escape.
Hasten them!"
  Judah raised himself upon the plank, and waved his hand, and
called with all his might; at last he drew the attention of the
sailors in the small boat, and they were speedily taken up.
  Arrius was received on the galley with all the honours due a hero so
the favourite of Fortune. Upon a couch on the deck he heard the
particulars of the conclusion of the fight. When the survivors
afloat upon the water were all saved and the prize secured, he
spread his flag of commandant anew, and hurried northward to rejoin
the fleet and perfect the victory. In due time the fifty vessels
coming down the channel closed in upon the fugitive pirates, and
crushed them utterly; not one escaped. To swell the tribune's glory,
twenty galleys of the enemy were captured.
  Upon his return from the cruise, Arrius had warm welcome on the mole
at Misenum. The young man attending him very early attracted the
attention of his friends there; and to their questions as to who he
was the tribune proceeded in the most affectionate manner to tell
the story of his rescue and introduce the stranger, omitting carefully
all that pertained to the latter's previous history. At the end of the
narrative, he called Ben-Hur to him, and said, with a hand resting
affectionately upon his shoulder-
  "Good friends, this is my son and heir, who, as he is to take my
property- if it be the will of the gods that I leave any- shall be
known to you by my name. I pray you all to love him as you love me."
  Speedily as opportunity permitted, the adoption was formally
perfected. And in such manner the brave Roman kept his faith with
Ben-Hur, giving him happy introduction into the imperial world. The
month succeeding Arrius's return the armilustrium was celebrated
with the utmost magnificence in the theatre at Scaurus. One side of
the structure was taken up with military trophies; among which by
far the most conspicuous and most admired were twenty prows,
complemented by their corresponding aplustra, cut bodily from as
many galleys; and over them, so as to be legible to the eighty
thousand spectators in the seats, was this inscription:-

      TAKEN FROM THE PIRATES IN THE GULF OF EURIPUS,
                           BY
                      QUINTUS ARRIUS,
                         DUUMVIR.
                       BOOK FOURTH.

          "Alva. Should the monarch prove unjust-
         And, at this time-
          "Queen. Then I must wait for justice
         Until it come; and they are happiest far
         Whose consciences may calmly wait their right."
                              -SCHILLER, Don Carlos (act iv. sc. 15).

                        CHAPTER I.
                   BEN-HUR RETURNS EAST.

  THE month to which we now come is July, the year that of our Lord
23, and the place Antioch, then Queen of the East, and next to Rome
the strongest, if not the most populous, city in the world.
  There is an opinion that the extravagance and dissoluteness of the
age had their origin in Rome, and spread thence throughout the empire;
that the great cities but reflected the manners of their mistress on
the Tiber. This may be doubted. The reaction of the conquest would
seem to have been upon the morals of the conqueror. In Greece she
found a spring of corruption; so also in Egypt; and the student,
having exhausted the subject, will close the books assured that the
flow of the demoralizing river was from the East westwardly, and
that this very city of Antioch, one of the oldest seats of Assyrian
power and splendour, was a principal source of the deadly stream.
  A transport galley entered the mouth of the river Orontes from the
blue waters of the sea. It was in the forenoon. The heat was great,
yet all on board who could avail themselves of the privilege were on
deck- Ben-Hur among others.
  The five years had brought the young Jew to perfect manhood.
Though the robe of white linen in which he was attired somewhat masked
his form, his appearance was unusually attractive. For an hour and
more he had occupied a seat in the shade of the sail, and in that time
several fellow-passengers of his own nationality had tried to engage
him in conversation, but without avail. His replies to their questions
had been brief, though gravely courteous, and in the Latin tongue. The
purity of his speech, his cultivated manners, his reticence, served to
stimulate their curiosity the more. Such as observed him closely
were struck by an incongruity between his demeanour, which had the
ease and grace of a patrician, and certain points of his person. Thus,
his arms were disproportionately long; and when, to steady himself
against the motion of the vessel, he took hold of anything near by,
the size of his hands and their evident power compelled remark; so the
wonder who and what he was mixed continually with a wish to know the
particulars of his life. In other words, his air cannot be better
described than as a notice- This man has a story to tell.
  The galley, in coming, had stopped at one of the ports of Cyprus,
and picked up a Hebrew of most respectable appearance, quiet,
reserved, paternal. Ben-Hur ventured to ask him some questions; the
replies won his confidence, and resulted finally in an extended
conversation.
  It chanced also that as the galley from Cyprus entered the receiving
bay of the Orontes, two other vessels which had been sighted out in
the sea met it and passed into the river at the same time; and as they
did so both the strangers threw out small flags of brightest yellow.
There was much conjecture as to the meaning of the signals. At
length a passenger addressed himself to the respectable Hebrew for
information upon the subject.
  "Yes, I know the meaning of the flags," he replied; "they do not
signify nationality- they are merely marks of ownership."
  "Has the owner many ships?"
  "He has."
  "You know him?"
  "I have dealt with him."
  The passengers looked at the speaker as if requesting him to go
on. Ben-Hur listened with interest.
  "He lives in Antioch," the Hebrew continued, in his quiet way. "That
he is vastly rich has brought him into notice, and the talk about
him is not always kind. There used to be in Jerusalem a prince of a
very ancient family named Hur."
  Judah strove to be composed, yet his heart beat quicker.
  "The prince was a merchant with a genius for business. He set on
foot many enterprises, some reaching far East, others West. In the
great cities he had branch houses. The one in Antioch was in charge of
a man said by some to have been a family servant called Simonides,
Greek in name, yet an Israelite. The master was drowned at sea. His
business, however, went on, and was scarcely less prosperous. After
a while misfortune overtook the family. The prince's only son,
nearly grown, tried to kill the procurator Gratus in one of the
streets of Jerusalem. He failed by a narrow chance, and has not
since been heard of. In fact, the Roman's rage took in the whole
house- not one of the name was left alive. Their palace was sealed up,
and is now a rookery for pigeons; the estate was confiscated;
everything that could be traced to the ownership of the Hurs was
confiscated. The procurator cured his hurt with a golden salve."
  The passengers laughed.
  "You mean he kept the property," said one of them.
  "They say so," the Hebrew replied; "I am only telling a story as I
received it. And, to go on, Simonides, who had been the prince's agent
here in Antioch, opened trade in a short time on his own account,
and in a space incredibly brief became the master merchant of the
city. In imitation of his master, he sent caravans to India; and on
the sea at present he has galleys enough to make a royal fleet. They
say nothing goes amiss with him. His camels do not die, except of
old age; his ships never founder; if he throw a chip into the river,
it will come back to him gold."
  "How long has he been going on thus?"
  "Not ten years."
  "He must have had a good start."
  "Yes, they say the procurator took only the prince's property
ready at hand- his horses, cattle, houses, land, vessels, goods. The
money could not be found, though there must have been vast sums of it.
What became of it has been an unsolved mystery."
  "Not to me," said a passenger, with a sneer.
  "I understand you," the Hebrew answered. "Others have had your idea.
That it furnished old Simonides his start is a common belief. The
procurator is of that opinion- or he has been- for twice in five years
he has caught the merchant, and put him to torture."
  Judah griped the rope he was holding with crushing force.
  "It is said," the narrator continued, "that there is not a sound
bone in the man's body. The last time I saw him he sat in a chair, a
shapeless cripple, propped against cushions."
  "So tortured!" exclaimed several listeners in a breath.
  "Disease could not have produced such a deformity. Still the
suffering made no impression upon him. All he had was his lawfully,
and he was making lawful use of it- that was the most they wrung
from him. Now, however, he is past persecution. He has a license to
trade signed by Tiberius himself."
  "He paid roundly for it, I warrant."
  "These ships are his," the Hebrew continued, passing the remark. "It
is a custom among his sailors to salute each other upon meeting by
throwing out yellow flags, sight of which is as much as to say, 'We
have had a fortunate voyage.'"
  The story ended there.
  When the transport was fairly in the channel of the river, Judah
spoke to the Hebrew.
  "What was the name of the merchant's master?"
  "Ben-Hur, Prince of Jerusalem."
  "What became of the prince's family?"
  "The boy was sent to the galleys. I may say he is dead. One year
is the ordinary limit of life under that sentence. The widow and
daughter have not been heard of; those who know what became of them
will not speak. They died, doubtless, in the cells of one of the
castles which spot the waysides of Judea."
  Judah walked to the pilot's quarter. So absorbed was he in thought
that he scarcely noticed the shores of the river, which from sea to
city were surpassingly beautiful with orchards of all the Syrian
fruits and vines, clustered about villas rich as those of Neapolis. No
more did he observe the vessels passing in an endless fleet, nor
hear the singing and shouting of the sailors, some in labour, some
in merriment. The sky was full of sunlight, lying in hazy warmth
upon the land and the water; nowhere except over his life was there
a shadow.
  Once only he awoke to a momentary interest, and that was when some
one pointed out the Grove of Daphne, discernible from a bend in the
river.
                        CHAPTER II.
                      ON THE ORONTES.

  WHEN the city came into view, the passengers were on deck, eager
that nothing of the scene might escape them. The respectable Jew
already introduced to the reader was the principal spokesman.
  "The river here runs to the west," he said, in the way of general
answer. "I remember when it washed the base of the walls; but as Roman
subjects we have lived in peace, and, as always happens in such times,
trade has had its will; now the whole river front is taken up with
wharves and docks. Yonder"- the speaker pointed southward- "is Mount
Casius, or, as these people love to call it, the Mountains of Orontes,
looking across to its brother Amnus in the north; and between them
lies the Plain of Antioch. Farther on are the Black Mountains,
whence the Ducts of the Kings bring the purest water to wash the
thirsty streets and people; yet they are forests in wilderness
state, dense, and full of birds and beasts."
  "Where is the lake?" one asked.
  "Over north there. You can take horse, if you wish to see it- or,
better, a boat, for a tributary connects it with the river."
  "The Grove of Daphne!" he said, to a third inquirer. "Nobody can
describe it; only beware! It was begun by Apollo, and completed by
him. He prefers it to Olympus. People go there for one look- just one-
and never come away. They have a saying which tells it all- 'Better be
a worm and feed on the mulberries of Daphne than a king's guest.'"
  "Then you advise me to stay away from it?"
  "Not I! Go you will. Everybody goes, cynic philosopher, virile
boy, women, and priests- all go. So sure am I of what you will do that
I assume to advise you. Do not take quarters in the city- that will be
loss of time; but go at once to the village in the edge of the
grove. The way is through a garden, under the spray of fountains.
The lovers of the god and his Penaean maid built the town; and in
its porticos and paths and thousand retreats you will find
characters and habits and sweets and kinds elsewhere impossible. But
the wall of the city! there it is, the masterpiece of Xeraeus, the
master of mural architecture."
  All eyes followed his pointing finger.
  "This part was raised by order of the first of the Seleucidae. Three
hundred years have made it part of the rock it rests upon."
  The defence justified the encomium. High, solid, and with many
bold angles, it curved southwardly out of view.
  "On the top there are four hundred towers, each a reservoir of
water," the Hebrew continued. "Look now! Over the wall, tall as it is,
see in the distance two hills, which you may know as the rival
crests of Sulpius. The structure on the farthest one is the citadel,
garrisoned all the year round by a Roman legion. Opposite it this
way rises the Temple of Jupiter, and under that the front of the
legate's residence- a palace full of offices, and yet a fortress
against which a mob would dash harmlessly as a south wind."
  At this point the sailors began taking in sail, whereupon the Hebrew
exclaimed, heartily, "See! you who hate the sea, and you who have
vows, get ready your curses and your prayers. The bridge yonder,
over which the road to Seleucia is carried, marks the limit of
navigation. What the ship unloads for further transit, the camel takes
up there. Above the bridge begins the island upon which Calinicus
built his new city, connecting it with five great viaducts so solid
time has made no impression upon them, nor floods nor earthquakes.
Of the main town, my friends, I have only to say you will be happier
all your lives for having seen it."
  As he concluded, the ship turned and made slowly for her wharf under
the wall, bringing even more fairly to view the life with which the
river at that point was possessed. Finally, the lines were thrown, the
oars shipped, and the voyage was done. Then Ben-Hur sought the
respectable Hebrew.
  "Let me trouble you a moment before saying farewell."
  The man bowed assent.
  "Your story of the merchant has made me curious to see him. You
called him Simonides?"
  "Yes. He is a Jew with a Greek name."
  "Where is he to be found?"
  The acquaintance gave a sharp look before he answered-
  "I may save you mortification. He is not a money-lender."
  "Nor am I a money-borrower," said Ben-Hur, smiling at the other's
shrewdness.
  The man raised his head and considered an instant.
  "One would think," he then replied, "that the richest merchant in
Antioch would have a house for business corresponding to his wealth;
but if you would find him in the day, follow the river to yon
bridge, under which he quarters in a building that looks like a
buttress of the wall. Before the door there is an immense landing,
always covered with cargoes come and to go. The fleet that lies moored
there is his. You cannot fail to find him."
  "I give you thanks."
  "The peace of our fathers go with you."
  "And with you."
  With that they separated.
  Two street-porters, loaded with his baggage, received Ben-Hur's
orders upon the wharf.
  "To the citadel," he said; a direction which implied an official
military connection.
  Two great streets, cutting each other at right angles, divided the
city into quarters. A curious and immense structure, called the
Nymphaeum, arose at the foot of the one running north and south.
When the porters turned south there, the new-comer, though fresh
from Rome, was amazed at the magnificence of the avenue. On the
right and left there were palaces, and between them extended
indefinitely double colonnades of marble, leaving separate ways for
footmen, beasts, and chariots; the whole under shade, and cooled by
fountains of incessant flow.
  Ben-Hur was not in mood to enjoy the spectacle. The story of
Simonides haunted him. Arrived at the Omphalus- a monument of four
arches wide as the streets, superbly illustrated, and erected to
himself by Epiphanes, the eighth of the Seleucidae- he suddenly
changed his mind.
  "I will not go to the citadel to-night," he said to the porters.
"Take me to the khan nearest the bridge on the road to Seleucia."
  The party faced about, and in good time he was deposited in a public
house of primitive but ample construction, within stone's-throw of the
bridge under which old Simonides had his quarters. He lay upon the
house-top through the night. In his inner mind lived the thought,
"Now- now I will hear of home- and mother- and the dear little Tirzah.
If they are on earth, I will find them."
                        CHAPTER III.
                  THE DEMAND ON SIMONIDES.

  NEXT day early, to the neglect of the city, Ben-Hur sought the house
of Simonides. Through an embattled gateway he passed to a continuity
of wharves; thence up the river midst a busy press, to the Seleucian
Bridge, under which he paused to take in the scene.
  There, directly under the bridge, was the merchant's house, a mass
of grey stone, unhewn, referrible to no style, looking, as the voyager
had described it, like a buttress of the wall against which it leaned.
Two immense doors in front communicated with the wharf. Some holes
near the top, heavily barred, served as windows. Weeds waved from
the crevices, and in places black moss splotched the otherwise bald
stones.
  The doors were open. Through one of them business went in; through
the other it came out; and there was hurry, hurry in all its
movements.
  On the wharf there were piles of goods in every kind of package, and
groups of slaves, stripped to the waist, going about in the abandon of
labour.
  Below the bridge lay a fleet of galleys, some loading, others
unloading. A yellow flag blew out from each mast-head. From fleet
and wharf, and from ship to ship, the bondmen of traffic passed in
clamorous counter-currents.
  Above the bridge, across the river, a wall rose from the water's
edge, over which towered the fanciful cornices and turrets of an
imperial palace, covering every foot of the island spoken of in the
Hebrew's description. But, with all its suggestions, Ben-Hur
scarcely noticed it. Now, at last, he thought to hear of his people-
this certainly, if Simonides had indeed been his father's slave. But
would the man acknowledge the relation? That would be to give up his
riches and the sovereignty of trade so royally witnessed on the
wharf and river. And what was of still greater consequence to the
merchant, it would be to forego his career in the midst of amazing
success, and yield himself voluntarily once more a slave. Simple
thought of the demand seemed a monstrous audacity. Stripped of
diplomatic address, it was to say, You are my slave; give me all you
have, and- yourself.
  Yet Ben-Hur derived strength for the interview from faith in his
rights and the hope uppermost in his heart. If the story to which he
was yielding were true, Simonides belonged to him, with all he had.
For the wealth, be it said in justice, he cared nothing. When he
started to the door determined in mind, it was with a promise to
himself- "Let him tell me of mother and Tirzah, and I will give him
his freedom without account."
  He passed boldly into the house.
  The interior was that of a vast depot where, in ordered spaces,
and under careful arrangement, goods of every kind were heaped and
pent. Though the light was murky and the air stifling, men moved about
briskly; and in places he saw workmen with saws and hammers making
packages for shipments. Down a path between the piles he walked
slowly, wondering if the man of whose genius there were here such
abounding proofs could have been his father's slave? If so, to what
class had he belonged? If a Jew, was he the son of a servant? Or was
he a debtor or a debtor's son? Or had he been sentenced and sold for
theft? These thoughts, as they passed, in nowise disturbed the growing
respect for the merchant of which he was each instant more and more
conscious. A peculiarity of our admiration for another is that it is
always looking for circumstances to justify itself.
  At length a man approached and spoke to him.
  "What would you have?"
  "I would see Simonides, the merchant."
  "Will you come this way?"
  By a number of paths left in the stowage, they finally came to a
flight of steps; ascending which, he found himself on the roof of
the depot, and in front of a structure which cannot be better
described than as a lesser stone house built upon another, invisible
from the landing below, and out west of the bridge under the open sky.
The roof, hemmed in by a low wall, seemed like a terrace, which, to
his astonishment, was brilliant with flowers; in the rich surrounding,
the house sat squat- a plain square block, unbroken except by a
doorway in front. A dustless path led to the door, through a bordering
of shrubs of Persian rose in perfect bloom. Breathing a sweet
attar-perfume, he followed the guide.
  At the end of a darkened passage within, they stopped before a
curtain half parted. The man called out,
  "A stranger to see the master."
  A clear voice replied, "In God's name, let him enter."
  A Roman might have called the apartment into which the visitor was
ushered his atrium. The walls were panelled; each panel was
comparted like a modern office-desk, and each compartment crowded with
labelled folios all filemot with age and use. Between the panels,
and above and below them, were borders of wood once white, now
tinted like cream, and carved with marvellous intricacy of design.
Above a cornice of gilded balls, the ceiling rose in pavilion style
until it broke into a shallow dome set with hundreds of panes of
violet mica, permitting a flood of light deliciously reposeful. The
floor was carpeted with grey rugs so thick that an invading foot
fell half buried and soundless.
  In the midlight of the room were two persons- a man resting in a
chair high-backed, broad-armed, and lined with pliant cushions; and at
his left, leaning against the back of the chair, a girl well forward
into womanhood. At sight of them Ben-Hur felt the blood redden his
forehead; bowing, as much to recover himself as in respect, he lost
the lifting of the hands, and the shiver and shrink with which the
sitter caught sight of him- an emotion as swift to go as it had been
to come. When he raised his eyes the two were in the same position,
except the girl's hand had fallen and was resting lightly upon the
elder's shoulder; both of them were regarding him fixedly.
  "If you are Simonides, the merchant, and a Jew"- Ben-Hur stopped
an instant- "then the peace of the God of our father Abraham upon
you and- yours."
  The last word was addressed to the girl.
  "I am the Simonides of whom you speak, by birthright a Jew," the man
made answer, in a voice singularly clear. "I am Simonides, and a
Jew; and I return you your salutation, with prayer to know who calls
upon me."
  Ben-Hur looked as he listened, and where the figure of the man
should have been in healthful roundness, there was only a formless
heap sunk in the depths of the cushions, and covered by a quilted robe
of sombre silk. Over the heap shone a head royally proportioned- the
ideal head of a statesman and conqueror- a head broad of base and
dome-like in front, such as Angelo would have modelled for Caesar.
White hair dropped in thin locks over the white brows, deepening the
blackness of the eyes shining through them like sullen lights. The
face was bloodless, and much puffed with folds, especially under the
chin. In other words, the head and face were those of a man who
might move the world more readily than the world could move him- a man
to be twice twelve times tortured into the shapeless cripple he was,
without a groan, much less a confession; a man to yield his life,
but never a purpose or a point; a man born in armour, and assailable
only through his loves. To him Ben-Hur stretched his hands, open and
palm up, as he would offer peace at the same time he asked it.
  "I am Judah, son of Ithamar, late head of the House of Hur, and a
prince of Jerusalem."
  The merchant's right hand lay outside the robe- a long, thin hand,
articulate to deformity with suffering. It closed tightly; otherwise
there was not the slightest expression of feeling of any kind on his
part; nothing to warrant an inference of surprise or interest; nothing
but this calm answer-
  "The princes of Jerusalem, of the pure blood, are always welcome
in my house; you are welcome. Give the young man a seat, Esther."
  The girl took an ottoman near by, and carried it to Ben-Hur. As
she arose from placing the seat, their eyes met.
  "The peace of our Lord with you," she said, modestly. "Be seated and
at rest."
  When she resumed her place by the chair, she had not divined his
purpose. The powers of woman go not so far: if the matter is of
finer feeling, such as pity, mercy, sympathy, that she detects; and
therein is a difference between her and man which will endure as
long as she remains, by nature, alive to such feelings. She was simply
sure he brought some wound of life for healing.
  Ben-Hur did not take the offered seat, but said, deferentially, "I
pray the good master Simonides that he will not hold me an intruder.
Coming up the river yesterday, I heard he knew my father."
  "I knew the Prince Hur. We were associated in some enterprises
lawful to merchants who find profit in lands beyond the sea and the
desert. But sit, I pray you- and, Esther, some wine for the young man.
Nehemiah speaks of a son of Hur who once ruled the half part of
Jerusalem; an old house; very old, by the faith! In the days of
Moses and Joshua even some of them found favour in the sight of the
Lord, and divided honours with those princes among men. It can
hardly be that their descendant, lineally come to us, will refuse a
cup of wine-fat of the genuine vine of Sorek, grown on the south
hillsides of Hebron."
  By the time of the conclusion of this speech, Esther was before
Ben-Hur with a silver cup filled from a vase upon a table a little
removed from the chair. She offered the drink with downcast face. He
touched her hand gently to put it away. Again their eyes met;
whereat he noticed that she was small, not nearly to his shoulder in
height; but very graceful, and fair and sweet of face, with eyes black
and inexpressibly soft. She is kind and pretty, he thought, and
looks as Tirzah would were she living. Poor Tirzah! Then he said
aloud,
  "No, thy father- if he is thy father?" he paused.
  "I am Esther, the daughter of Simonides," she said, with dignity.
  "Then, fair Esther, thy father, when he has heard my further speech,
will not think worse of me if yet I am slow to take his wine of famous
extract; nor less I hope not to lose grace in thy sight. Stand thou
here with me a moment!"
  Both of them, as in common cause, turned to the merchant.
"Simonides!" he said, firmly, "my father, at his death, had a
trusted servant of thy name, and it has been told me that thou art the
man!"
  There was a sudden start of the wrenched limbs under the robe, and
the thin hand clenched.
  "Esther, Esther!" the man called, sternly; "here, not there, as thou
art thy mother's child and mine- here, not there, I say!"
  The girl looked once from father to visitor; then she replaced the
cup upon the table, and went dutifully to the chair. Her countenance
sufficiently expressed her wonder and alarm.
  Simonides lifted his left hand, and gave it into hers, lying
lovingly upon his shoulder, and said, dispassionately, "I have grown
old in dealing with men- old before my time. If he who told thee
that whereof thou speakest was a friend acquainted with my history,
and spoke of it not harshly, he must have persuaded thee that I
could not be else than a man distrustful of my kind. The God of Israel
help him who, at the end of life, is constrained to acknowledge so
much! My loves are few, but they are. One of them is a soul which"- he
carried the hand holding his to his lips, in manner unmistakable- "a
soul which to this time has been unselfishly mine, and such sweet
comfort that, were it taken from me, I would die."
  Esther's head drooped until her cheek touched his.
  "The other love is but a memory; of which I will say further that,
like a benison of the Lord, it hath a compass to contain a whole
family, if only"- his voice lowered and trembled- "if only I knew
where they were."
  Ben-Hur's face suffused, and, advancing a step, he cried,
impulsively, "My mother and sister! Oh, it is of them you speak!"
  Esther, as if spoken to, raised her head; but Simonides returned
to his calm, and answered, coldly, "Hear me to the end. Because I am
that I am, and because of the loves of which I have spoken, before I
make return to thy demand touching my relations to the Prince Hur, and
as something which of right should come first, do thou show me
proofs of who thou art. Is thy witness in writing? Or cometh it in
person?"
  The demand was plain, and the right of it indisputable. Ben-Hur
blushed, clasped his hands, stammered, and turned away at loss.
Simonides pressed him.
  "The proofs, the proofs, I say! Set them before me- lay them in my
hands!"
  Yet Ben-Hur had no answer. He had not anticipated the requirement;
and, now that it was made, to him as never before came the awful
fact that the three years in the galley had carried away all the
proofs of his identity; mother and sister gone, he did not live in the
knowledge of any human being. Many there were acquainted with him, but
that was all. Had Quintus Arrius been present, what could he have said
more than where he found him, and that he believed the pretender to be
the son of Hur? But, as will presently appear in full, the brave Roman
sailor was dead. Judah had felt the loneliness before; to the core
of life the sense struck him now. He stood, hands clasped, face
averted, in stupefaction. Simonides respected his suffering, and
waited in silence.
  "Master Simonides," he said, at length, "I can only tell my story;
and I will not that unless you stay judgment so long, and with
good-will deign to hear me."
  "Speak," said Simonides, now, indeed, master of the situation-
"speak, and I will listen the more willingly that I have not denied
you to be the very person you claim yourself."
  Ben-Hur proceeded then, and told his life hurriedly, yet with the
feeling which is the source of all eloquence; but as we are familiar
with it down to his landing at Misenum, in company with Arrius,
returned victorious from the AEgean, at that point we will take up the
words.
  "My benefactor was loved and trusted by the emperor, who heaped
him with honourable rewards. The merchants of the East contributed
magnificent presents, and he became doubly rich among the rich of
Rome. May a Jew forget his religion? or his birthplace, if it were the
Holy Land of our fathers? The good man adopted me his son by formal
rites of law; and I strove to make him just return: no child was
ever more dutiful to father than I to him. He would have had me a
scholar; in art, philosophy, rhetoric, oratory, he would have
furnished me the most famous teacher, I declined his insistence,
because I was a Jew, and could not forget the Lord God, or the glory
of the prophets, or the city set on the hills by David and Solomon.
Oh, ask you why I accepted any of the benefactions of the Roman? I
loved him; next place, I thought I could, with his help, array
influences which would enable me one day to unseal the mystery
close-locking the fate of my mother and sister; and to these there was
yet another motive of which I shall not speak except to say it
controlled me so far that I devoted myself to arms, and the
acquisition of everything deemed essential to thorough knowledge of
the art of war. In the palaestrae and circuses of the city I toiled,
and in the camps no less; and in all of them I have a name, but not
that of my fathers. The crowns I won- and on the walls of the villa by
Misenum there are many of them- all came to me as the son of Arrius,
the duumvir. In that relation only am I known among Romans.... In
steadfast pursuit of my secret aim, I left Rome for Antioch, intending
to accompany the Consul Maxentius in the campaign he is organizing
against the Parthians. Master of personal skill in all arms, I seek
now the higher knowledge pertaining to the conduct of bodies of men in
the field. The consul has admitted me one of his military family.
But yesterday, as our ship entered the Orontes, two other ships sailed
in with us flying yellow flags. A fellow-passenger and countryman from
Cyprus explained that the vessels belonged to Simonides, the
master-merchant of Antioch; he told us, also, who the merchant was;
his marvellous success in commerce; of his fleets and caravans, and
their coming and going; and, not knowing I had interest in the theme
beyond my associate listeners, he said Simonides was a Jew, once the
servant of the Prince Hur; nor did he conceal the cruelties of Gratus,
or the purpose of their infliction."
  At this allusion Simonides bowed his head, and, as if to help him
conceal his feelings and her own deep sympathy, the daughter hid her
face on his neck. Directly he raised his eyes, and said, in a clear
voice, "I am listening."
  "O good Simonides!" Ben-Hur then said, advancing a step, his whole
soul seeking expression, "I see thou art not convinced, and that yet I
stand in the shadow of thy distrust."
  The merchant held his features fixed as marble, and his tongue as
still.
  "And not less clearly I see the difficulties of my position,"
Ben-Hur continued. "All my Roman connection I can prove; I have only
to call upon the consul, now the guest of the governor of the city;
but I cannot prove the particulars of thy demand upon me. I cannot
prove I am my father's son. They who could serve me in that- alas!
they are dead or lost."
  He covered his face with his hands; whereupon Esther arose, and,
taking the rejected cup to him, said, "The wine is of the country we
all so love. Drink, I pray thee!"
  The voice was sweet as that of Rebekah offering drink at the well
near Nahor the city; he saw there were tears in her eyes, and he
drank, saying, "Daughter of Simonides, thy heart is full of
goodness; and merciful art thou to let the stranger share it with
thy father. Be thou blessed of our God! I thank thee."
  Then he addressed himself to the merchant again:
  "As I have no proof that I am my father's son, I will withdraw
that I demanded of thee, O Simonides, and go hence to trouble you no
more; only let me say I did not seek thy return to servitude nor
account of thy fortune; in any event, I would have said, as now I say,
that all which is product of thy labour and genius is thine; keep it
in welcome. I have no need of any part thereof. When the good Quintus,
my second father, sailed on the voyage which was his last, he left
me his heir, princely rich. If, therefore, thou dost think of me
again, be it with remembrance of this question, which, as I do swear
by the prophets and Jehovah, thy God and mine, was the chief purpose
of my coming here: What dost thou know- what canst thou tell me- of my
mother and Tirzah, my sister- she who should be in beauty and grace
even as this one, thy sweetness of life, if not thy very life? Oh!
what canst thou tell me of them?"
  The tears ran down Esther's cheeks; but the man was willful: in a
clear voice, he replied,
  "I have said I knew the Prince Ben-Hur. I remember hearing of the
misfortune which overtook his family. I remember the bitterness with
which I heard it. He who wrought such misery to the widow of my friend
is the same who, in the same spirit, hath since wrought upon me. I
will go further, and say to you, I have made diligent quest concerning
the family, but- I have nothing to tell you of them. They are lost."
  Ben-Hur uttered a great groan.
  "Then- then it is another hope broken!" he said, struggling with his
feelings. "I am used to disappointments. I pray you pardon my
intrusion; and if I have occasioned you annoyance, forgive it
because of my sorrow. I have nothing now to live for but vengeance.
Farewell."
  At the curtain he turned, and said, simply, "I thank you both."
  "Peace go with you," the merchant said.
  Esther could not speak for sobbing.
  And so he departed.
                        CHAPTER IV.
                   SIMONIDES AND ESTHER.

  SCARCELY was Ben-Hur gone, when Simonides seemed to wake as from
sleep: his countenance flushed; the sullen light of his eyes changed
to brightness; and he said, cheerily-
  "Esther, ring- quick!"
  She went to the table, and rang a service-bell.
  One of the panels in the wall swung back, exposing a doorway which
gave admittance to a man who passed round to the merchant's front, and
saluted him with a half-sa-laam.
  "Malluch, here- nearer- to the chair," the master said, imperiously.
"I have a mission which shall not fail though the sun should. Hearken!
A young man is now descending to the storeroom tall, comely, and in
the garb of Israel; follow him, his shadow not more faithful; and
every night send me report of where he is, what he does, and the
company he keeps; and if, without discovery, you overhear his
conversations, report them word for word, together with whatever
will serve to expose him, his habits, motives, life. Understand you?
Go quickly! Stay, Malluch: if he leave the city, go after him- and,
mark you, Malluch, be as a friend. If he bespeak you, tell him what
you will to the occasion most suited, except that you are in my
service; of that, not a word. Haste- make haste!"
  The man saluted as before, and was gone.
  Then Simonides rubbed his wan hands together and laughed.
  "What is the day, daughter?" he said, in the midst of the mood.
"What is the day? I wish to remember it for happiness come. See, and
look for it laughing, and laughing tell me, Esther."
  The merriment seemed unnatural to her; and, as if to entreat him
from it, she answered, sorrowfully, "Woe's me, father, that I should
ever forget this day!"
  His hands fell down the instant, and his chin, dropping upon his
breast, lost itself in the muffling folds of flesh composing his lower
face.
  "True, most true, my daughter!" he said, without looking up. "This
is the twentieth day of the fourth month. To-day five years ago, my
Rachel, thy mother, fell down and died. They brought me home broken as
thou seest me, and we found her dead of grief. Oh, to me she was a
cluster of camphire in the vineyards of Engedi! I have gathered my
myrrh with my spice. I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey. We
laid her away in a lonely place- in a tomb cut in the mountain; no one
near her. Yet in the darkness she left me a little light, which the
years have increased to a brightness of morning." He raised his hand
and rested it upon his daughter's head. "Dear Lord, I thank thee
that now in my Esther my lost Rachel liveth again!"
  Directly he lifted his head, and said, as with a sudden thought, "Is
it not clear day outside?"
  "It was, when the young man came in."
  "Then let Abimelech come and take me to the garden, where I can
see the river and the ships, and I will tell thee, dear Esther, why
but now my mouth filled with laughter, and my tongue with singing, and
my spirit was like to a roe or to a young hart upon the mountains of
spices."
  In answer to the bell a servant came, and at her bidding pushed
the chair, set on little wheels for the purpose, out of the room to
the roof of the lower house, called by him his garden. Out through the
roses, and by beds of lesser flowers, all triumphs of careful
attendance, but now unnoticed, he was rolled to a position from
which he could view the palace-tops over against him on the island,
the bridge in lessening perspective to the farther shore, and the
river below the bridge crowded with vessels, all swimming amidst the
dancing splendours of the early sun upon the rippling water. There the
servant left him with Esther.
  The much shouting of labourers, and their beating and pounding,
did not disturb him any more than the trampling of people on the
bridge-floor almost overhead, being as familiar to his ear as the view
before him to his eye, and therefore unnoticeable, except as
suggestions of profits in promise.
  Esther sat on the arm of the chair nursing his hand, and waiting his
speech, which came at length in a calm way, the mighty will having
carried him back to himself.
  "When the young man was speaking, Esther, I observed thee, and
thought thou wert won by him."
  Her eyes fell as she replied.
  "Speak you of faith, father? I believed him."
  "In thy eyes, then, he is the lost son of the Prince Hur?"
  "If he is not- " She hesitated.
  "And if he is not, Esther?"
  "I have been thy handmaiden, father, since my mother answered the
call of the Lord God; by thy side I have heard and seen thee deal in
wise ways with all manner of men seeking profit, holy and unholy;
and now I say, if indeed the young man be not the prince he claims
to be, then before me falsehood never played so well the part of
righteous truth."
  "By the glory of Solomon, daughter, thou speakest earnestly. Dost
thou believe thy father his father's servant?"
  "I understood him to ask of that as something he had but heard."
  For a time Simonides' gaze swam among his swimming ships, though
they had no place in his mind.
  "Well, thou art a good child, Esther, of genuine Jewish
shrewdness, and of years and strength to hear a sorrowful tale.
Wherefore give me heed, and I will tell you of myself, and of thy
mother, and of many things pertaining to the past not in thy knowledge
or thy dreams- things withheld from the persecuting Roman for a hope's
sake, and from thee that thy nature should grow towards the Lord
straight as the reed to the sun.... I was born in a tomb in the valley
of Hinnom, on the south side of Zion. My father and mother were Hebrew
bond-servants, tenders of the fig and olive trees growing, with many
vines, in the King's Garden hard by Siloam; and in my boyhood I helped
them. They were of the class bound to serve forever. They sold me to
the Prince Hur, then, next to Herod the King, the richest man in
Jerusalem. From the garden he transferred me to his storehouse in
Alexandria of Egypt, where I came of age. I served him six years,
and in the seventh, by the law of Moses, I went free."
  Esther clapped her hands lightly.
  "Oh, then, thou art not his father's servant?"
  "Nay, daughter, hear. Now, in those days there were lawyers in the
cloisters of the Temple who disputed vehemently, saying the children
of servants bound forever took the condition of their parents; but the
Prince Hur was a man righteous in all things, and an interpreter of
the law after the straitest sect, though not of them. He said I was
a Hebrew servant bought, in the true meaning of the great lawgiver,
and, by sealed writings, which I yet have, he set me free."
  "And my mother?" Esther asked.
  "Thou shalt hear all, Esther; be patient. Before I am through thou
shalt see it were easier for me to forget myself than thy mother....
At the end of my service I came up to Jerusalem to the Passover. My
master entertained me. I was in love with him already, and I prayed to
be continued in his service. He consented, and I served him yet
another seven years, but as a hired son of Israel. In his behalf I had
charge of ventures on the sea by ships, and of ventures on land by
caravans eastward to Susa and Persepolis, and the lands of silk beyond
them. Perilous passages were they, my daughter; but the Lord blessed
all I undertook. I brought home vast gains for the prince, and
richer knowledge for myself, without which I could not have mastered
the charges since fallen to me.... One day I was a guest in his
house at Jerusalem. A servant entered with some sliced bread on a
platter. She came to me first. It was then I saw thy mother, and loved
her, and took her away in my secret heart. After a while a time came
when I sought the prince to make her my wife. He told me she was
bond-servant forever; but if she wished, he would set her free that
I might be gratified. She gave me love for love, but was happy where
she was, and refused her freedom. I prayed and besought, going again
and again after long intervals. She would be my wife, she all the time
said, if I would become her fellow in servitude. Our father Jacob
served yet other seven years for his Rachel. Could I not as much for
mine? But thy mother said I must become as she, to serve forever. I
came away, but went back. Look, Esther, look here."
  He pulled out the lobe of his left ear.
  "See you not the scar of the awl?"
  "I see it," she said; "and, oh, I see how thou didst love my
mother!"
  "Love her, Esther! She was to me more than the Shulamite to the
singing king, fairer, more spotless; a fountain of gardens, a well
of living waters, and streams from Lebanon. The master, even as I
required him, took me to the judges, and back to his door, and
thrust the awl through my ear into the door, and I was his servant for
ever. So I won my Rachel. And was ever love like mine?"
  Esther stooped and kissed him, and they were silent, thinking of the
dead.
  "My master was drowned at sea, the first sorrow that ever fell
upon me," the merchant continued. "There was mourning in his house,
and in mine here in Antioch, my abiding-place at the time. Now,
Esther, mark you! When the good prince was lost, I had risen to be his
chief steward, with everything of property belonging to him in my
management and control. Judge you how much he loved and trusted me!
I hastened to Jerusalem to render account to the widow. She
continued me in the stewardship. I applied myself with greater
diligence. The business prospered, and grew year by year. Ten years
passed; then came the blow which you heard the young man tell about-
the accident, as he called it, to the Procurator Gratus. The Roman
gave it out an attempt to assassinate him. Under that pretext, by
leave from Rome, he confiscated to his own use the immense fortune
of the widow and children. Nor stopped he there. That there might be
no reversal of the judgment, he removed all the parties interested.
From that dreadful day to this the family of Hur have been lost. The
son, whom I had seen as a child, was sentenced to the galleys. The
widow and daughter are supposed to have been buried in some of the
many dungeons of Judea, which, once closed upon the doomed, are like
sepulchres sealed and locked. They passed from the knowledge of men as
utterly as if the sea had swallowed them unseen. We could not hear how
they died- nay, not even that they were dead."
  Esther's eyes were dewy with tears.
  "Thy heart is good, Esther, good as thy mother's was; and I pray
it have not the fate of most good hearts- to be trampled upon by the
unmerciful and blind. But hearken further. I went up to Jerusalem to
give help to my benefactress, and was seized at the gate of the city
and carried to the sunken cells of the Tower of Antonia; why, I knew
not, until Gratus himself came and demanded of me the moneys of the
House of Hur, which he knew, after our Jewish custom of exchange, were
subject to my draft in the different marts of the world. He required
me to sign to his order. I refused. He had the houses, lands, goods,
ships, and movable property of those I served; he had not their
moneys. I saw, if I kept favour in the sight of the Lord, I could
rebuild their broken fortunes. I refused the tyrant's demands. He
put me to torture; my will held good, and he set me free, nothing
gained. I came home and began again, in the name of Simonides of
Antioch, instead of the Prince Hur of Jerusalem. Thou knowest, Esther,
how I have prospered; that the increase of the millions of the
prince in my hands was miraculous; thou knowest how, at the end of
three years, while going up to Caesarea, I was taken and a second time
tortured by Gratus to compel a confession that my goods and moneys
were subject to his order of confiscation; thou knowest he failed as
before. Broken in body, I came home and found my Rachel dead of fear
and grief for me. The Lord our God reigned, and I lived. From the
emperor himself I bought immunity and license to trade throughout
the world. To-day- praised be He who maketh the clouds his chariot and
walketh upon the winds!- to-day, Esther, that which was in my hands
for stewardship is multiplied into talents sufficient to enrich a
Caesar."
  He lifted his head proudly; their eyes met; each read the other's
thought. "What shall I with the treasure, Esther?" he asked, without
lowering his gaze.
  "My father," she answered, in a low voice, "did not the rightful
owner call for it but now?"
  Still his look did not fail.
  "And thou, my child; shall I leave thee a beggar?"
  "Nay, father, am not I, because I am thy child, his bond-servant?
And of whom was it written, 'Strength and honour are her clothing, and
she shall rejoice in time to come?'"
  A gleam of ineffable love lighted his face as he said, "The Lord
hath been good to me in many ways; but thou, Esther, art the sovereign
excellence of his favour."
  He drew her to his breast and kissed her many times.
  "Hear now," he said, with clearer voice- "hear now why I laughed
this morning. The young man faced me the apparition of his father in
comely youth. My spirit arose to salute him. I felt my trial-days were
over and my labours ended. Hardly could I keep from crying out. I
longed to take him by the hand and show the balance I had earned,
and say, 'Lo, 'tis all thine! and I am thy servant, ready now to be
called away.' And so I would have done, Esther, so I would have
done, but that moment three thoughts rushed to restrain me. I will
be sure he is my master's son- such was the first thought; if he is my
master's son, I will learn somewhat of his nature. Of those born to
riches, bethink you, Esther, how many there are in whose hands
riches are but breeding curses"- he paused, while his hands
clutched, and his voice shrilled with passion- "Esther, consider the
pains I endured at the Roman's hands; nay, not Gratus's alone: the
merciless wretches who did his bidding the first time and the last
were Romans, and they all alike laughed to hear me scream. Consider my
broken body, and the years I have gone shorn of my stature; consider
thy mother yonder in her lonely tomb, crushed of soul as I of body;
consider the sorrows of my master's family if they are living, and the
cruelty of their taking-off if they are dead; consider all, and,
with heaven's love about thee, tell me, daughter, shall not a hair
fall or a red drop run in expiation? Tell me not, as the preachers
sometimes do- tell me not that vengeance is the Lord's. Does he not
work his will harmfully as well as in love by agencies? Has he not his
men of war more numerous than his prophets? Is not his the law, Eye
for eye, hand for hand, foot for foot? Oh, in all these years I have
dreamed of vengeance, and prayed and provided for it, and gathered
patience from the growing of my store, thinking and promising, as
the Lord liveth, it will one day buy me punishment of the
wrongdoers? And when, speaking of his practice with arms, the young
man said it was for a nameless purpose, I named the purpose even as he
spoke- vengeance! and that, Esther, that it was- the third thought
which held me still and hard while his pleading lasted, and made me
laugh when he was gone."
  Esther caressed the faded hands, and said, as if her spirit with his
were running forward to results, "He is gone. Will he come again?"
  "Ay, Malluch, the faithful goes with him, and will bring him back
when I am ready."
  "And when will that be, father?"
  "Not long, not long. He thinks all his witnesses dead. There is
one living who will not fail to know him, if he be indeed my
master's son.
  "His mother?"
  "Nay, daughter, I will set the witness before him; till then let
us rest the business with the Lord. I am tired. Call Abimelech."
  Esther called the servant, and they returned into the house.
                        CHAPTER V.
                   THE GROVE OF DAPHNE.

  WHEN Ben-Hur sallied from the great warehouse, it was with the
thought that another failure was to be added to the many he had
already met in the quest for his people; and the idea was depressing
exactly in proportion as the objects of his quest were dear to him; it
curtained him round about with a sense of utter loneliness on earth,
which, more than anything else, serves to eke from a soul cast down
its remaining interest in life.
  Through the people, and the piles of goods, he made way to the
edge of the landing, and was tempted by the cool shadows darkening the
river's depth. The lazy current seemed to stop and wait for him. In
counteraction of the spell, the saying of the voyager flashed into
memory- "Better be a worm, and feed upon the mulberries of Daphne,
than a king's guest." He turned, and walked rapidly down the landing
and back to the khan.
  "The road to Daphne!" the steward said, surprised at the question
Ben-Hur put to him. "You have not been here before? Well, count this
the happiest day of your life. You cannot mistake the road. The next
street to the left, going south, leads straight to Mount Sulpius,
crowned by the altar of Jupiter and the Amphitheatre; keep it to the
third cross street, known as Herod's Colonnade; turn to your right
there, and hold the way through the old city of Seleucus to the bronze
gates of Epiphanes. There the road to Daphne begins- and may the
gods keep you!"
  A few directions respecting his baggage, and Ben-Hur set out.
  The Colonnade of Herod was easily found; thence to the brazen gates,
under a continuous marble portico, he passed with a multitude mixed of
people from all the trading nations of the earth.
  It was about the fourth hour of the day when he passed out the gate,
and found himself one of a procession apparently interminable,
moving to the famous Grove. The road was divided into separate ways
for footmen, for men on horses, and men in chariots; and those again
into separate ways for outgoers and incomers. The lines of division
were guarded by low balustrading, broken by massive pedestals, many of
which were surmounted with statuary. Right and left of the road
extended margins of sward perfectly kept, relieved at intervals by
groups of oak and sycamore trees, and vine-clad summer-houses for
the accommodation of the weary, of whom, on the return side, there
were always multitudes. The ways of the footmen were paved with red
stone, and those of the riders strewn with white sand compactly
rolled, but not so solid as to give back an echo to hoof or wheel. The
number and variety of fountains at play were amazing, all gifts of
visiting kings, and called after them. Out southwest to the gates of
the Grove, the magnificent thoroughfare stretched a little over four
miles from the city.
  In his wretchedness of feeling, Ben-Hur barely observed the royal
liberality which marked the construction of the road. Nor more did
he at first notice the crowd going with him. He treated the
processional displays with like indifference. To say the truth,
besides his self-absorption, he had not a little of the complacency of
a Roman visiting the provinces fresh from the ceremonies which daily
eddied round and round the golden pillar set up by Augustus as the
centre of the world. It was not possible for the provinces to offer
anything new or superior. He rather availed himself of every
opportunity to push forward through the companies in the way, and
too slow-going for his impatience. By the time he reached Heracleia, a
suburban village intermediate the city and the Grove, he was
somewhat spent with exercise, and began to be susceptible of
entertainment. Once a pair of goats led by a beautiful woman, woman
and goats alike brilliant with ribbons and flowers, attracted his
attention. Then he stopped to look at a bull of mighty girth, and
snowy-white, covered with vines freshly cut, and bearing on its
broad back a naked child in a basket, the image of a young Bacchus,
squeezing the juice of ripened berries into a goblet, and drinking
with libational formulas. As he resumed his walk, he wondered whose
altars would be enriched by the offerings. A horse went by with
clipped mane, after the fashion of the time, his rider superbly
dressed. He smiled to observe the harmony of pride between the man and
the brute. Often after that he turned his head at hearing the rumble
of wheels and the dull thud of hoofs; unconsciously he was becoming
interested in the styles of chariots and charioteers, as they
rustled past him going and coming. Nor was it long until he began to
make notes of the people around him. He saw they were of all ages,
sexes, and conditions, and all in holiday attire. One company was
uniformed in white, another in black; some bore flags, some smoking
censers; some went slowly, singing hymns; others stopped to the
music of flutes and tabrets. If such were the going to Daphne every
day in the year, what a wondrous sight Daphne must be! At last there
was a clapping of hands, and a burst of joyous cries; following the
pointing of many fingers, he looked and saw upon the brow of a hill
the templed gate of the consecrated Grove. The hymns swelled to louder
strains; the music quickened time; and, borne along by the impulsive
current, and sharing the common eagerness, he passed in, and,
Romanized in taste as he was, fell to worshipping the place.
  Rearward of the structure which graced the entrance-way- a purely
Grecian pile- he stood upon a broad esplanade paved with polished
stone; around him a restless exclamatory multitude, in gayest colours,
relieved against the iridescent spray flying crystal-white from
fountains; before him, off to the south-west, dustless paths
radiated out into a garden, and beyond that into a forest, over
which rested a veil of pale blue vapour. Ben-Hur gazed wistfully,
uncertain where to go. A woman that moment exclaimed,
  "Beautiful! But where to now?"
  Her companion, wearing a chaplet of bays, laughed and answered,
"Go to, thou pretty barbarian! The question implies an earthly fear;
and did we not agree to leave all such behind in Antioch with the
rusty earth? The winds which blow here are respirations of the gods.
Let us give ourselves to waftage of the winds."
  "But if we should get lost?"
  "O thou timid! No one was ever lost in Daphne, except those on
whom her gates close forever."
  "And who are they?" she asked, still fearful.
  "Such as have yielded to the charms of the place and chosen it for
life and death. Hark! Stand we here, and I will show you of whom I
speak."
  Upon the marble pavement there was a scurry of sandalled feet; the
crowd opened, and a party of girls rushed about the speaker and his
fair friend, and began singing and dancing to the tabrets they
themselves touched. The woman, scared, clung to the man, who put an
arm about her, and, with kindled face, kept time to the music with the
other hand overhead. The hair of the dancers floated free, and their
limbs blushed through the robes of gauze which scarcely draped them.
Words may not be used to tell of the voluptuousness of the dance.
One brief round, and they darted off through the yielding crowd
lightly as they had come.
  "Now, what think you?" cried the man to the woman.
  "Who are they?" she asked.
  "Devadasi- priestesses devoted to the Temple of Apollo. There is
an army of them. They make the chorus in celebrations. This is their
home. Sometimes they wander off to other cities, but all they make
is brought here to enrich the house of the divine musician. Shall we
go now?"
  Next minute the two were gone.
  Ben-Hur took comfort in the assurance that no one was ever lost in
Daphne, and he, too, set out- where, he knew not.
  A sculpture reared upon a beautiful pedestal in the garden attracted
him first. It proved to be the statue of a centaur. An inscription
informed the unlearned visitor that it exactly represented Chiron, the
beloved of Apollo and Diana, instructed by them in the mysteries of
hunting, medicine, music, and prophecy. The inscription also bade
the stranger look out at a certain part of the heavens, at a certain
hour of the clear night, and he would behold the dead alive among
the stars, whither Jupiter had transferred the good genius.
  The wisest of the centaurs continued, nevertheless, in the service
of mankind. In his hand he held a scroll, on which, graven in Greek,
were paragraphs of a notice:-

                      "O Traveller!
                   "Art thou a stranger?
  "I. Hearken to the singing of the brooks, and fear not the rain of
the fountains; so will the Naiades learn to love thee.
  "II. The invited breezes of Daphne are Zephyrus and Auster: gentle
ministers of life, they will gather sweets for thee; when Eurus blows,
Diana is elsewhere hunting; when Boreas blusters, go hide, for
Apollo is angry.
  "III. The shades of the Grove are thine in the day; at night they
belong to Pan and his Dryades. Disturb them not.
  "IV. Eat of the Lotus by the brooksides sparingly, unless thou
wouldst have surcease of memory, which is to become a child of Daphne.
  "V. Walk thou round the weaving spider- 'tis Arachne at work for
Minerva.
  "VI. Wouldst thou behold the tears of Daphne, break but a bud from a
laurel bough- and die.
                       "Heed thou!
                  "And stay and be happy."

  Ben-Hur left the interpretation of the mystic notice to others
fast enclosing him, and turned away as the white bull was led by.
The boy sat in the basket, followed by a procession; after them again,
the woman with the goats; and behind her, the flute and tabret
players, and another procession of gift-bringers.
  "Whither go they?" asked a bystander.
  Another made answer, "The bull to Father Jove; the goat- "
  "Did not Apollo once keep the flocks of Admetus?"
  "Ay, the goat to Apollo!"
  The goodness of the reader is again besought in favour of an
explanation. A certain facility of accommodation in the matter of
religion comes to us after much intercourse with people of a different
faith; gradually we attain the truth that every creed is illustrated
by good men who are entitled to our respect, but whom we cannot
respect without courtesy to their creed. To this point Ben-Hur had
arrived. Neither the years in Rome nor those in the galley had made an
impression upon his religious faith: he was yet a Jew. In his view,
nevertheless, it was not an impiety to look for the beautiful in the
Grove of Daphne.
  The remark does not interdict the further saying, if his scruples
had been ever so extreme, not improbably he would at this time have
smothered them. He was angry; not as the irritable, from chafing of
a trifle; nor was his anger like the fool's, pumped from the wells
of nothing, to be dissipated by a reproach or a curse; it was the
wrath peculiar to ardent natures rudely awakened by the sudden
annihilation of a hope- dream, if you will- in which the choicest
happinesses were thought to be certainly in reach. In such case
nothing intermediate will carry off the passion- the quarrel is with
Fate.
  Let us follow the philosophy a little further, and say to ourselves,
it were well in such quarrels if Fate were something tangible, to be
despatched with a look or a blow, or a speaking personage with whom
high words were possible; then the unhappy mortal would not always end
the affair by punishing himself.
  In ordinary mood, Ben-Hur would not have come to the Grove alone,
or, coming alone, he would have availed himself of his position in the
consul's family, and made provision against wandering idly about,
unknowing and unknown; he would have had all the points of interest in
mind, and gone to them under guidance, as in the despatch of business;
or, wishing to squander days of leisure in the beautiful place, he
would have had in hand a letter to the master of it all, whoever he
might be. This would have made him a sight-seer, like the shouting
herd he was accompanying; whereas he had no reverence for the
deities of the Grove, nor curiosity; a man in the blindness of
bitter disappointment, he was adrift, not waiting for Fate, but
seeking it as a desperate challenger.
  Every one has known this condition of mind, though perhaps not all
in the same degree; every one will recognize it as the condition in
which he has done brave things with apparent serenity; and every one
reading will say, Fortunate for Ben-Hur if the folly which now catches
him is but a friendly harlequin with whistle and painted cap, and
not some Violence with a pointed sword pitiless.
                        CHAPTER VI.
                 THE MULBERRIES OF DAPHNE.

  BEN-HUR entered the woods with the processions. He had not
interest enough at first to ask where they were going; yet, to relieve
him from absolute indifference, he had a vague impression that they
were in movement to the temples, which were the central objects of the
Grove, supreme in attractions.
  Presently, as singers dreamfully play with a flitting chorus, he
began repeating to himself, "Better be a worm, and feed on the
mulberries of Daphne, than a king's guest." Then of the much
repetition arose questions importunate of answer. Was life in the
Grove so very sweet? Wherein was the charm? Did it lie in some tangled
depth of philosophy? Or was it something in fact, something on the
surface, discernible to every-day wakeful senses! Every year
thousands, forswearing the world, gave themselves to service here. Did
they find the charm? And was it sufficient, when found, to induce
forgetfulness profound enough to shut out of mind the infinitely
diverse things of life? those that sweeten and those that imbitter?
hopes hovering in the near future as well as sorrows born of the past?
If the Grove were so good for them, why should it not be good for him?
He was a Jew; could it be that the excellences were for all the
world but children of Abraham? Forthwith he bent all his faculties
to the task of discovery, unmindful of the singing of the
gift-bringers and the quips of his associates.
  In the quest, the sky yielded him nothing; it was blue, very blue,
and full of twittering swallows- so was the sky over the city.
  Further on, out of the woods at his right hand, a breeze poured
across the road, splashing him with a wave of sweet smells, blent of
roses and consuming spices. He stopped, as did others, looking the way
the breeze came.
  "A garden over there," he said, to a man at his elbow.
  "Rather some priestly ceremony in performance- something to Diana,
or Pan, or a deity of the woods."
  The answer was in his mother tongue. Ben-Hur gave the speaker a
surprised look.
  "A Hebrew?" he asked him.
  The man replied with a deferential smile,
  "I was born within a stone's-throw of the Market-place in
Jerusalem."
  Ben-Hur was proceeding to further speech, when the crowd surged
forward, thrusting him out on the side of the walk next the woods, and
carrying the stranger away. The customary gown and staff, a brown
cloth on the head tied by a yellow rope, and a strong Judean face to
avouch the garments of honest right, remained in the young man's mind,
a kind of summary of the man.
  This took place at a point where a path into the woods began,
offering a happy escape from the noisy processions. Ben-Hur availed
himself of the offer.
  He walked first into a thicket which, from the road, appeared in a
state of nature, close, impenetrable, a nesting-place for wild
birds. A few steps, however, gave him to see the master's hand even
there. The shrubs were flowering or fruit-bearing; under the bending
branches the ground was pranked with brightest blooms; over them the
jasmine stretched its delicate bonds. From lilac and rose, and lily
and tulip, from oleander and strawberry-tree, all old friends in the
gardens of the valleys about the city of David, the air, lingering
or in haste, loaded itself with exhalations day and night; and that
nothing might be wanting to the happiness of the nymphs and naiads,
down through the flower-lighted shadows of the mass a brook went its
course gently, and by many winding ways.
  Out of the thicket, as he proceeded, on his right and left, issued
the cry of the pigeon and the cooing of turtle-doves; blackbirds
waited for him, and bided his coming close; a nightingale kept its
place fearless, though he passed in arm's-length; a quail ran before
him at his feet, whistling to the brood she was leading, and as he
paused for them to get out of his way, a figure crawled from a bed
of honeyed musk brilliant with balls of golden blossoms. Ben-Hur was
startled. Had he, indeed, been permitted to see a satyr at home? The
creature looked up at him, and showed in its teeth a hooked
pruning-knife; he smiled at his own scare, and, lo! the charm was
evolved! Peace without fear- peace a universal condition- that it was!
  He sat upon the ground beneath a citron-tree, which spread its
grey roots sprawling to receive a branch of the brook. The nest of a
titmouse hung close to the bubbling water, and the tiny creature
looked out of the door of the nest into his eyes. "Verily, the bird is
interpreting to me," he thought. "It says, 'I am not afraid of you,
for the law of this happy place is Love.'"
  The charm of the Grove seemed plain to him; he was glad, and
determined to render himself one of the lost in Daphne. In charge of
the flowers and shrubs, and watching the growth of all the dumb
excellences everywhere to be seen, could not he, like the man with the
pruning-knife in his mouth, forego the days of his troubled life-
forego them forgetting and forgotten?
  But by-and-by his Jewish nature began to stir within him.
  The charm might be sufficient for some people. Of what kind were
they?
  Love is delightful- ah! how pleasant as a successor to
wretchedness like his. But was it all there was of life? All?
  There was an unlikeness between him and those who buried
themselves contentedly here. They had no duties- they could not have
had; but he-
  "God of Israel!" he cried aloud, springing to his feet, with burning
cheeks- "Mother! Tirzah! Cursed be the moment, cursed the place, in
which I yield myself happy in your loss!"
  He hurried away through the thicket, and came to a stream flowing
with the volume of a river between banks of masonry, broken at
intervals by gated sluiceways. A bridge carried the path he was
traversing across the stream; and, standing upon it, he saw other
bridges, no two of them alike. Under him the water was lying in a deep
pool, clear as a shadow; down a little way it tumbled with a roar over
rocks; then there was another pool, and another cascade; and so on,
out of view; and bridges and pools and resounding cascades said,
plainly as inarticulate things can tell a story, the river was running
by permission of a master, exactly as the master would have it,
tractable as became a servant of the gods.
  Forward from the bridge he beheld a landscape of wide valleys and
irregular heights, with groves and lakes and fanciful houses linked
together by white paths and shining streams. The valleys were spread
below, that the river might be poured upon them for refreshment in
days of drought, and they were as green carpets figured with beds
and fields of flowers, and flecked with flocks of sheep white as balls
of snow; and the voices of shepherds following the flocks were heard
afar. As if to tell him of the pious inscription of all he beheld, the
altars out under the open sky seemed countless, each with a
white-gowned figure attending it, while processions in white went
slowly hither and thither between them; and the smoke of the altars
half-risen hung collected in pale clouds over the devoted places.
  Here, there, happy in flight, intoxicated in pause, from object to
object, point to point, now in the meadow, now on the heights, now
lingering to penetrate the groves and observe the processions, then
lost in efforts to pursue the paths and streams which trended mazily
into dim perspectives to end finally in- Ah, what might be a fitting
end to scene so beautiful! What adequate mysteries were hidden
behind an introduction so marvellous! Here and there, the speech was
beginning, his gaze wandered, so he could not help the conviction,
forced by the view, and as the sum of it all, that there was peace
in the air and on the earth, and invitation everywhere to come and lie
down here and be at rest.
  Suddenly a revelation dawned upon him- the Grove was, in fact, a
temple- one far-reaching, wall-less temple!
  Never anything like it!
  The architect had not stopped to pother about columns and
porticos, proportions or interiors, or any limitation upon the epic he
sought to materialize; he had simply made a servant of Nature- art can
go no further. So the cunning son of Jupiter and Callisto built the
old Arcadia; and in this, as in that, the genius was Greek.
  From the bridge Ben-Hur went forward into the nearest valley.
  He came to a flock of sheep. The shepherd was a girl, and she
beckoned him, "Come!"
  Farther on, the path was divided by an altar- a pedestal of black
gneiss, capped with a slab of white marble deftly foliated, and on
that a brazier of bronze holding a fire. Close by it, a woman,
seeing him, waved a wand of willow, and as he passed called him,
"Stay!" And the temptation in her smile was that of passionate youth.
  On yet further, he met one of the processions; at its head a troop
of little girls, nude except as they were covered with garlands, piped
their shrill voices into a song; then a troop of boys, also nude,
their bodies deeply sunbrowned, came dancing to the song of the girls;
behind them the procession, all women, bearing baskets of spices and
sweets to the altars- women clad in simple robes, careless of
exposure. As he went by they held their hands to him, and said, "Stay,
and go with us." One, a Greek, sang a verse from Anacreon:

               "For to-day I take or give;
                For to-day I drink and live;
                For to-day I beg or borrow;
                Who knows about the silent morrow?"

  But he pursued his way indifferent, and came next to a grove
luxuriant, in the heart of the vale at the point where it would be
most attractive to the observing eye. As it came close to the path
he was travelling, there was a seduction in its shade, and through the
foliage he caught the shining of what appeared a pretentious statue;
so he turned aside, and entered the cool retreat.
  The grass was fresh and clean. The trees did not crowd each other;
and they were of every kind native to the East, blended well with
strangers adopted from far quarters; here grouped in exclusive
companionship palm-trees plumed like queens; there sycamores,
overtopping laurels of darker foliage; and evergreen oaks rising
verdantly, with cedars vast enough to be kings on Lebanon; and
mulberries; and terebinths so beautiful it is not hyperbole to speak
of them as blown from the orchards of Paradise.
  The statue proved to be a Daphne of wondrous beauty. Hardly,
however, had he time to more than glance at her face: at the base of
the pedestal a girl and a youth were lying upon a tiger's skin
asleep in each other's arms; close by them the implements of their
service- his axe and sickle, her basket- flung carelessly upon a
heap of faded roses.
  The exposure startled him. Back in the hush of the perfumed
thicket he discovered, as he thought, that the charm of the great
Grove was peace without fear, and almost yielded to it; now, in this
sleep in the day's broad glare- this sleep at the foot of Daphne- he
read a further chapter to which only the vaguest allusion is
sufferable. The law of the place was Love, but Love without Law.
  And this was the sweet peace of Daphne!
  This the life's end of her ministers!
  For this kings and princes gave of their revenues!
  For this a crafty priesthood subordinated nature- her birds and
brooks and lilies, the river, the labour of many hands, the sanctity
of altars, the fertile power of the sun!
  It would be pleasant now to record that as Ben-Hur pursued his
walk assailed by such reflections, he yielded somewhat to sorrow for
the votaries of the great out-door temple; especially for those who,
by personal service, kept it in a state so surpassingly lovely. How
they came to the condition was not any longer a mystery; the motive,
the influence, the inducement, was before him. Some there were, no
doubt, caught by the promise held out to their troubled spirits of
endless peace in a consecrated abode, to the beauty of which, if
they had not money, they could contribute their labour; this class
implied intellect peculiarly subject to hope and fear; but the great
body of the faithful could not be classed with such. Apollo's nets
were wide, and their meshes small; and hardly may one tell what all
his fishermen landed: this less for that they cannot be described than
because they ought not to be. Enough that the mass were of the
sybarities of the world, and of the herds in number vaster and in
degree lower- devotees of the unmixed sensualism to which the East was
almost wholly given. Not to any of the exaltations- not to the
singing-god, or his unhappy mistress; not to any philosophy
requiring for its enjoyment the calm of retirement, nor to any service
for the comfort there is in religion, nor to love in its holier sense-
were they abiding their vows. Good reader, why shall not the truth
be told here? Why not learn that, at this age, there were in all earth
but two peoples capable of exaltations of the kind referred to-
those who lived by the law of Moses, and those who lived by the law of
Brahma. They alone could have cried you, Better a law without love
than a love without law.
  Besides that, sympathy is in great degree a result of the mood we
are in at the moment: anger forbids the emotion. On the other hand, it
is easiest taken on when we are in a state of most absolute
self-satisfaction. Ben-Hur walked with a quicker step, holding his
head higher; and, while not less sensitive to the delightfulness of
all about him, he made his survey with calmer spirit, though sometimes
with curling lip; that is to say, he could not so soon forget how
nearly he himself had been imposed upon.
                        CHAPTER VII.
                  THE STADIUM IN THE GROVE.

 IN front of Ben-Hur there was a forest of cypress-trees, each a
column tall and straight as a mast. Venturing into the shady precinct,
he heard a trumpet gaily blown, and an instant after saw lying upon
the grass close by the countryman whom he had run upon in the road
going to the temples. The man arose, and came to him.
  "I give you peace again," he said, pleasantly.
  "Thank you," Ben-Hur replied, then asked, "go you my way?"
  "I am for the stadium, if that is your way."
  "The Stadium!"
  "Yes. The trumpet you heard but now was a call for the competitors."
  "Good friend," said Ben-Hur, frankly, "I admit my ignorance of the
Grove; and if you will let me be your follower, I will be glad."
  "That will delight me. Hark! I hear the wheels of the chariots. They
are taking the track."
  Ben-Hur listened a moment, then completed the introduction by laying
his hand upon the man's arm, and saying, "I am the son of Arrius,
the duumvir, and thou?"
  "I am Malluch, a merchant of Antioch."
  "Well, good Malluch, the trumpet, and the gride of wheels, and the
prospect of diversion excite me. I have some skill in the exercises.
In the palaestrae of Rome I am not unknown. Let us to the course."
  Malluch lingered to say, quickly, "The duumvir was a Roman, yet I
see his son in the garments of a Jew."
  "The noble Arrius was my father by adoption," Ben-Hur answered.
  "Ah! I see, and beg pardon."
  Passing through the belt of forest, they came to a field with a
track laid out upon it, in shape and extent exactly like those of
the stadia. The course, or track proper, was of soft earth, rolled and
sprinkled, and on both sides defined by ropes, stretched loosely
upon upright javelins. For the accommodation of spectators, and such
as had interests reaching forward of the mere practice, there were
several stands shaded by substantial awnings, and provided with
seats in rising rows. In one of the stands the two new-comers found
places.
  Ben-Hur counted the chariots as they went by- nine in all.
  "I commend the fellows," he said, with good-will. "Here in the
East I thought they aspired to nothing better than the two; but they
are ambitious, and play with royal fours. Let us study their
performance."
  Eight of the fours passed the stand, some walking, others on the
trot, and all unexceptionally handled; then the ninth one came on
the gallop. Ben-Hur burst into exclamation.
  "I have been in the stables of the emperor, Malluch, but, by our
father Abraham of blessed memory! I never saw the like of these."
  The last four was then sweeping past. All at once they fell into
confusion. Someone on the stand uttered a sharp cry. Ben-Hur turned,
and saw an old man half-risen from an upper seat, his hands clenched
and raised, his eyes fiercely bright, his long white beard fairly
quivering. Some of the spectators nearest him began to laugh.
  "They should respect his beard at least. Who is he?" asked Ben-Hur.
  "A mighty man from the desert, somewhere beyond Moab, and owner of
camels in herds, and horses descended, they say, from the racers of
the first Pharaoh- Sheik Ilderim by name and title."
  Thus Malluch replied.
  The driver meanwhile exerted himself to quiet the four, but
without avail. Each ineffectual effort excited the sheik the more.
  "Abaddon seize him!" yelled the patriarch, shrilly. "Run! fly! do
you hear, my children?" The question was to his attendants, apparently
of the tribe. "Do you hear? They are desert-born, like yourselves.
Catch them- quick!"
  The plunging of the animals increased.
  "Accursed Roman!" and the sheik shook his fist at the driver. "Did
he not swear he could drive them- swear it by all his brood of bastard
Latin gods? Nay, hands off me- off, I say! They should run swift as
eagles, and with the temper of hand-bred lambs, he swore. Cursed be
he- cursed the mother of liars who calls him son! See them, the
priceless! Let him touch one of them with a lash, and"- the rest of
the sentence was lost in a furious grinding of his teeth. "To their
heads, some of you, and speak them- a word, one is enough, from the
tent-song your mothers sang you. Oh, fool, fool that I was to put
trust in a Roman!"
  Some of the shrewder of the old man's friends planted themselves
between him and the horses. An opportune failure of breath on his part
helped the stratagem.
  Ben-Hur, thinking he comprehended the sheik, sympathized with him.
Far more than mere pride of property- more than anxiety for the result
of the race- in his view it was within the possible for the patriarch,
according to his habits of thought and his ideas of the inestimable,
to love such animals with a tenderness akin to the most sensitive
passion.
  They were all bright bays, unspotted, perfectly matched, and so
proportioned as to seem less than they really were. Delicate ears
pointed small heads; the faces were broad and full between the eyes;
the nostrils in expansion disclosed membrane so deeply red as to
suggest the flashing of flame; the necks were arches, overlaid with
fine mane so abundant as to drape the shoulders and breast, while in
happy consonance the forelocks were like ravellings of silken veils;
between the knees and the fetlocks the legs were flat as an open hand,
but above the knees they were rounded with mighty muscles, needful
to upbear the shapely close-knit bodies; the hoofs were like cups of
polished agate; and in rearing and plunging they whipped the air,
and sometimes the earth, with tails glossy-black and thick and long.
The sheik spoke of them as the priceless, and it was a good saying.
  In this second and closer look at the horses, Ben-Hur read the story
of their relation to their master. They had grown up under his eyes,
objects of his special care in the day, his visions of pride in the
night, with his family at home in the black tent out on the
shadeless bosom of the desert, as his children beloved. That they
might win him a triumph over the haughty and hated Roman, the old
man had brought his loves to the city, never doubting they would
win, if only he could find a trusty expert to take them in hand; not
merely one with skill, but of a spirit which their spirits would
acknowledge. Unlike the colder people of the West, he could not
protest the driver's inability, and dismiss him civilly; an Arab and a
sheik, he had to explode, and rive the air about him with clamour.
  Before the patriarch was done with his expletives, a dozen hands
were at the bits of the horses, and their quiet assured. About that
time, another chariot appeared upon the track; and, unlike the others,
driver, vehicle, and racers were precisely as they would be
presented in the Circus the day of final trial. For a reason which
will presently be more apparent, it is desirable now to give this
turnout plainly to the reader.
  There should be no difficulty in understanding the carriage known to
us all as the chariot of classical renown. One has but to picture to
himself a dray with low wheels and broad axle, surmounted by a box
open at the tail-end. Such was the primitive pattern. Artistic
genius came along in time, and, touching the rude machine, raised it
into a thing of beauty- that, for instance, in which Aurora, riding in
advance of the dawn, is given to our fancy.
  The jockeys of the ancients, quite as shrewd and ambitious as
their successors of the present, called their humblest turnout a
two, and their best in grade a four; in the latter, the contested
the Olympics and the other festal shows founded in imitation of them.
  The same sharp gamesters preferred to put their horses to the
chariot all abreast; and for distinction they termed the two next
the pole yoke-steeds, and those on the right and left outside
trace-mates. It was their judgment, also, that, by allowing the
fullest freedom of action, the greatest speed was attainable;
accordingly, the harness resorted to was peculiarly simple; in fact,
there was nothing of it save a collar round the animal's neck, and a
trace fixed to the collar, unless the lines and a halter fall within
the term. Wanting to hitch up, the masters pinned a narrow wooden
yoke, or cross-tree, near the end of the pole, and, by straps passed
through rings at the end of the yoke, buckled the latter to the
collar. The traces of the yoke-steeds they hitched to the axle;
those of the trace-mates to the top rim of the chariot-bed. There
remained then but the adjustment of the lines, which, judged by the
modern devices, was not the least curious part of the method. For this
there was a large ring at the forward extremity of the pole;
securing the ends to that ring first they parted the lines so as to
give one to each horse and proceeded to pass them to the driver,
slipping them separately through rings on the inner side of the
halters at the mouth.
  With this plain generalization in mind, all further desirable
knowledge upon the subject can be had by following the incidents of
the scene occurring.
  The other contestants had been received in silence; the last comer
was more fortunate. While moving towards the stand from which we are
viewing the scene, his progress was signalized by loud demonstrations,
by clapping of hands and cheers, the effect of which was to centre
attention upon him exclusively. His yoke-steeds, it was observed, were
black, while the trace-mates were snow-white. In conformity to the
exacting canons of Roman taste, they had all four been mutilated; that
is to say, their tails had been clipped, and, to complete the
barbarity, their shorn manes were divided into knots tied with flaring
red and yellow ribbons.
  In advancing, the stranger at length reached a point where the
chariot came into view from the stand, and its appearance would of
itself have justified the shouting. The wheels were very marvels of
construction. Stout bands of burnished bronze reinforced the hubs,
otherwise very light; the spokes were sections of ivory tusks, set
in with the natural curve outward to perfect the dishing, considered
important then as now; bronze tires held the fellies, which were of
shining ebony. The axle, in keeping with the wheels, was tipped with
heads of snarling tigers done in brass, and the bed was woven of
willow wands gilded with gold.
  The coming of the beautiful horses and resplendent chariot drew
Ben-Hur to look at the driver with increased interest.
  Who is he?
  When Ben-Hur asked himself the question first, he could not see
the man's face or even his full figure; yet the air and manner were
familiar and pricked him keenly with a reminder of a period long gone.
  Who could it be?
  Nearer now, and the horses approaching at a trot. From the
shouting and the gorgeousness of the turnout, it was thought he
might be some official favourite or famous prince. Such an
appearance was not inconsistent with exalted rank. Kings often
struggled for the crown of leaves which was the prize of victory. Nero
and Commodus, it will be remembered, devoted themselves to the
chariot. Ben-Hur arose and forced a passage down nearly to the railing
in front of the lower seat of the stand. His face was earnest, his
manner eager.
  And directly the whole person of the driver was in view. A companion
rode with him, in classic description a Myrtilus, permitted men of
high estate indulging their passion for the race-course. Ben-Hur could
see only the driver, standing erect in the chariot, with the reins
passed several times round his body- a handsome figure, scantily
covered by a tunic of light-red doth, in the right hand a whip; in the
other, the arm raised and lightly extended, the four lines. The pose
was exceedingly graceful and animated. The cheers and clapping of
hands were received with statuesque indifference. Ben-Hur stood
transfixed- his instinct and memory had served him faithfully- the
driver was Messala!
  By the selection of horses, the magnificence of the chariot, the
attitude, and display of person- above all, by the expression of the
cold, sharp, eagle features, imperialized in his countrymen by sway of
the world through so many generations, Ben-Hur knew Messala unchanged,
as haughty, confident, and audacious as ever, the same in ambition,
cynicism, and mocking insouciance.
                        CHAPTER VIII.
                  THE FOUNTAIN OF CASTALIA.

  As Ben-Hur descended the steps of the stand, an Arab arose upon
the last one at the foot, and cried out,
  "Men of the East and West- hearken! The good Sheik Ilderim giveth
greeting. With four horses, sons of the favourites of Solomon the
Wise, he hath come up against the best. Needs he most a mighty man
to drive them. Whoso will take them to his satisfaction, to him he
promiseth enrichment forever. Here- there- in the city and in the
Circuses, and wherever the strong most do congregate, tell ye this his
offer. So saith my master, Sheik Ilderim the Generous."
  The proclamation awakened a great buzz among the people under the
awning. By night it would be repeated and discussed in all the
sporting circles of Antioch. Ben-Hur, hearing it, stopped and looked
hesitatingly from the herald to the sheik. Malluch thought he was
about to accept the offer, but was relieved when he presently turned
to him, and asked, "Good Malluch, where to now?"
  The worthy replied, with a laugh, "Would you liken yourself to
others visiting the Grove for the first time, you will straightway
to hear your fortune told."
  "My fortune, said you? Though the suggestion has in it a flavour
of unbelief, let us to the goddess at once."
  "Nay, son of Arrius, these Apollonians have a better trick than
that. Instead of speech with a Pythia or a Sibyl, they will sell you a
plain papyrus leaf, hardly dry from the stalk, and bid you dip it in
the water of a certain fountain, when it will show you a verse in
which you may hear of your future."
  The glow of interest departed from Ben-Hur's face.
  "There are people who have no need to vex themselves about their
future," he said, gloomily.
  "Then you prefer to go to the temples?"
  "The temples are Greek, are they not?"
  "They call them Greek."
  "The Hellenes were masters of the beautiful in art; but in
architecture they sacrificed variety to unbending beauty. Their
temples are all alike. How call you the fountain?"
  "Castalia."
  "Oh! it has repute throughout the world. Let us thither."
  Malluch kept watch on his companion as they went, and saw that for
the moment at least his good spirits were out. To the people passing
he gave no attention; over the wonders they came upon there were no
exclamations; silently, even sullenly, he kept a slow pace.
  The truth was, the sight of Messala had set Ben-Hur to thinking.
It seemed scarce an hour ago that the strong hands had torn him from
his mother, scarce an hour ago that the Roman had put seal upon the
gates of his father's house. He recounted how, in the hopeless
misery of the life- if such it might be called- in the galleys, he had
had little else to do, aside from labour, than dream dreams of
vengeance, in all of which Messala was the principal. There might
be, he used to say to himself, escape for Gratus, but for Messala-
never! And to strengthen and harden his resolution, he was
accustomed to repeat over and over, Who pointed us out to the
persecutors? And when I begged him for help- not for myself- who
mocked me, and went away laughing? And always the dream had the same
ending. The day I meet him, help me, thou good God of my people!- help
me to some fitting special vengeance!
  And now the meeting was at hand.
  Perhaps, if he had found Messala poor and suffering, Ben-Hur's
feeling had been different; but it was not so. He found him more
than prosperous; in the prosperity there was a dash and glitter- gleam
of sun on gilt of gold.
  So it happened that what Malluch accounted a passing loss of
spirit was pondering when the meeting should be, and in what manner he
could make it most memorable.
  They turned after a while into an avenue of oaks, where the people
were going and coming in groups; footmen here, and horsemen; there
women in litters borne by slaves; and now and then chariots rolled
by thunderously.
  At the end of the avenue the road, by an easy grade, descended
into a lowland, where, on the right hand, there was a precipitous
facing of grey rock, and on the left an open meadow of vernal
freshness. Then they came in view of the famous Fountain of Castalia.
  Edging through a company assembled at the point, Ben-Hur beheld a
jet of sweet water pouring from the crest of a stone into a basin of
black marble, where, after much boiling and foaming, it disappeared as
through a funnel.
  By the basin, under a small portico cut in the solid wall, sat a
priest, old, bearded, wrinkled, cowled- never being more perfectly
eremitish. From the manner of the people present, hardly might one say
which was the attraction, the fountain, forever sparkling, or the
priest, forever there. He heard, saw, was seen, but never spoke.
Occasionally a visitor extended a hand to him with a coin in it.
With a cunning twinkle of the eyes, he took the money, and gave the
party in exchange a leaf of papyrus.
  The receiver made haste to plunge the papyrus into the basin;
then, holding the dripping leaf in the sunlight, he would be
rewarded with a versified inscription upon its face; and the fame of
the fountain seldom suffered loss by poverty of merit in the poetry.
Before Ben-Hur could test the oracle, some other visitors were seen
approaching across the meadow, and their appearance piqued the
curiosity of the company, his not less than theirs.
  He saw first a camel, very tall and very white, in leading of a
driver on horseback. A houdah on the animal, besides being unusually
large, was of crimson and gold. Two other horsemen followed the
camel with tall spears in hand.
  "What a wonderful camel!" said one of the company.
  "A prince from afar," another one suggested.
  "More likely a king."
  "If he were on an elephant I would say he was a king."
  A third man had a very different opinion.
  "A camel- and a white camel!" he said, authoritatively. "By
Apollo, friends, they who come yonder- you can see there are two of
them- are neither kings nor princes; they are women!"
  In the midst of the dispute the strangers arrived.
  The camel seen at hand did not belie his appearance afar. A
taller, statelier brute of his kind no traveller at the fountain,
though from the remotest parts, had ever beheld. Such great black
eyes! such exceedingly fine white hair! feet so contractile when
raised, so soundless in planting, so broad when set!- nobody had
ever seen the peer of this camel. And how well he became his housing
of silk, and all its frippery of gold in fringe and gold in tassel!
The tinkling of silver bells went before him, and he moved lightly, as
if unknowing of his burden.
  But who were the man and woman under the houdah?
  Every eye saluted them with the inquiry.
  If the former were a prince or a king, the philosophers of the crowd
might not deny the impartiality of Time. When they saw the thin
shrunken face buried under an immense turban, the skin of the hue of a
mummy, making it impossible to form an idea of his nationality, they
were pleased to think the limit of life was for the great as well as
the small. They saw about his person nothing so enviable as the
shawl which draped him.
  The woman was seated in the manner of the East, amidst veils and
laces of surpassing fineness. Above her elbows she wore armlets
fashioned like coiled asps, and linked to bracelets at the wrists by
strands of gold; otherwise the arms were bare and of singular
natural grace, complemented with hands modelled daintily as a child's.
One of the hands rested upon the side of the carriage, showing tapered
fingers glittering with rings, and stained at the tips till they
blushed like the pink of mother-of-pearl. She wore an open caul upon
her head, sprinkled with beads of coral, and strung with coin-pieces
called sunlets, some of which were carried across her forehead,
while others fell down her back, half-smothered in the mass of her
straight blue-black hair, of itself an incomparable ornament, not
needing the veil which covered it, except as a protection against
sun and dust. From her elevated seat she looked upon the people
calmly, pleasantly, and apparently so intent upon studying them as
to be unconscious of the interest she herself was exciting; and,
what was unusual- nay, in violent contravention of the custom among
women of rank in public- she looked at them with an open face.
  It was a fair face to see; quite youthful; in form, oval: complexion
not white, like the Greek; nor brunet, like the Roman; nor blond, like
the Gaul; but rather the tinting of the sun of the Upper Nile upon a
skin of such transparency that the blood shone through it on cheek and
brow with nigh the ruddiness of lamplight. The eyes, naturally
large, were touched along the lids with the black paint immemorial
throughout the East. The lips were slightly parted, disclosing,
through their scarlet lake, teeth of glistening whiteness. To all
these excellences of countenance the reader is finally besought to
superadd the air derived from the pose of a small head, classic in
shape, set upon a neck long, drooping, and graceful- the air, we may
fancy, happily described by the word queenly.
  As if satisfied with the survey of people and locality, the fair
creature spoke to the driver- an Ethiopian of vast brawn, naked to the
waist- who led the camel nearer the fountain, and caused it to
kneel; after which he received from her hand a cup, and proceeded to
fill it at the basin. That instant the sound of wheels and the
trampling of horses in rapid motion broke the silence her beauty had
imposed, and, with a great outcry, the bystanders parted in every
direction, hurrying to get away.
  "The Roman has a mind to ride us down. Look out!" Malluch shouted to
Ben-Hur, setting him at the same time an example of hasty flight.
  The latter faced to the direction the sounds came from, and beheld
Messala in his chariot pushing the four straight at the crowd. This
time the view was near and distinct.
  The parting of the company uncovered the camel, which might have
been more agile than his kind generally; yet the hoofs were almost
upon him, and he resting with closed eyes, chewing the endless cud
with such sense of security as long favouritism may be supposed to
have bred in him. The Ethiopian wrung his hands afraid. In the houdah,
the old man moved to escape; but he was hampered with age, and could
not, even in the face of danger, forget the dignity which was
plainly his habit. It was too late for the woman to save herself.
Ben-Hur stood nearest them, and he called to Messala-
  "Hold! Look where thou goest! Back, back!"
  The patrician was laughing in hearty good-humour; and, seeing
there was but one chance of rescue, Ben-Hur stepped in, and caught the
bits of the left yoke-steed and his mate. "Dog of a Roman! Carest thou
so little for life?" he cried, putting forth all his strength. The two
horses reared, and drew the others round; the tilting of the pole
tilted the chariot; Messala barely escaped a fall, while his
complacent Myrtilus rolled back like a clod to the ground. Seeing
the peril past, all the bystanders burst into derisive laughter.
  The matchless audacity of the Roman then manifested itself.
Loosing the lines from his body, he tossed them to one side,
dismounted, walked round the camel, looked at Ben-Hur, and spoke
partly to the old man and partly to the woman.
  "Pardon, I pray you- I pray you both. I am Messala," he said;
"and, by the old Mother of the earth, I swear I did not see you or
your camel! As to these good people- perhaps I trusted too much to
my skill. I sought a laugh at them- the laugh is theirs. Good may it
do them!"
  The good-natured, careless look and gesture he threw the
bystanders accorded well with the speech. To hear what more he had
to say, they became quiet. Assured of victory over the body of the
offended, he signed his companion to take the chariot to a safer
distance, and addressed himself boldly to the woman.
  "Thou hast interest in the good man here, whose pardon, if not
granted now, I shall seek with the greater diligence hereafter; his
daughter, I should say."
  She made him no reply.
  "By Pallas, thou art beautiful! Beware Apollo mistake thee not for
his lost love. I wonder what land can boast herself thy mother. Turn
not away. A truce! a truce! There is the sun of India in thine eyes;
in the corners of thy mouth, Egypt hath set her love-signs. Perpol!
Turn not to that slave, fair mistress, before proving merciful to this
one. Tell me at least that I am pardoned."
  At this point she broke in upon him.
  "Wilt thou come here?" she asked, smiling, and with gracious bend of
the head to Ben-Hur.
  "Take the cup and fill it, I pray thee," she said to the latter. "My
father is thirsty."
  "I am thy most willing servant!"
  Ben-Hur turned about to do the favour, and was face to face with
Messala. Their glances met; the Jew's defiant; the Roman's sparkling
with humour.
  "O stranger, beautiful as cruel!" Messala said, waving his hand to
her. "If Apollo get thee not, thou shalt see me again. Not knowing thy
country, I cannot name a god to commend thee to; so, by all the
gods, I will commend thee to- myself!"
  Seeing the Myrtilus had the four composed and ready, he returned
to the chariot. The woman looked after him as he moved away, and
whatever else there was in her look, there was no displeasure.
Presently she received the water; her father drank; then she raised
the cup to her lips, and, leaning down, gave it to Ben-Hur; never
action more graceful and gracious.
  "Keep it, we pray of thee! It is full of blessings- all thine!"
  Immediately the camel was aroused, and on his feet, and about to go,
when the old man called-
  "Stand thou here."
  Ben-Hur went to him respectfully.
  "Thou hast served the stranger well to-day. There is but one God. In
his holy name I thank thee. I am Balthasar, the Egyptian. In the Great
Orchard of Palms, beyond the village of Daphne, in the shade of the
palms, Sheik Ilderim the Generous abideth in his tents, and we are his
guests. Seek us there. Thou shalt have welcome sweet with the savour
of the grateful."
  Ben-Hur was left in wonder at the old man's clear voice and reverend
manner. As he gazed after the two departing, he caught sight of
Messala going as he had come, joyous, indifferent, and with a
mocking laugh.
                        CHAPTER IX.
                 THE CHARIOT RACE DISCUSSED.

  As a rule, there is no surer way to the dislike of men than to
behave well where they have behaved badly. In this instance,
happily, Malluch was an exception to the rule. The affair he had
just witnessed raised Ben-Hur in his estimation, since he could not
deny him courage and address; could he now get some insight into the
young man's history, the results of the day would not be all
unprofitable to good master Simonides.
  On the latter point, referring to what he had as yet learned, two
facts comprehended it all- the subject of his investigation was a Jew,
and the adopted son of a famous Roman. Another conclusion which
might be of importance was beginning to formulate itself in the shrewd
mind of the emissary; between Messala and the son of the duumvir there
was a connection of some kind. But what was it?- and how could it be
reduced to assurance? With all his sounding, the ways and means of
solution were not at call. In the heat of the perplexity, Ben-Hur
himself came to his help. He laid his hand on Malluch's arm and drew
him out of the crowd, which was already going back to its interest
in the grey old priest and the mystic fountain.
  "Good Malluch," he said, stopping, "may a man forget his mother?"
  The question was abrupt and without direction, and therefore of
the kind which leaves the person addressed in a state of confusion.
Malluch looked into Ben-Hur's face for a hint of meaning, but saw,
instead, two bright-red spots, one on each cheek, and in his eyes
traces of what might have been repressed tears; then he answered,
mechanically, "No!" adding, with fervour, "never;" and a moment after,
when he began to recover himself, "If he is an Israelite, never!"
And when at length he was completely recovered- "My first lesson in
the synagogue was the Shema; my next was the saying of the son of
Sirach, 'Honour thy father with thy whole soul, and forget not the
sorrows of thy mother.'"
  The red spots on Ben-Hur's face deepened.
  "The words bring my childhood back again; and, Malluch, they prove
you a genuine Jew. I believe I can trust you."
  Ben-Hur let go the arm he was holding, and caught the folds of the
gown covering his own breast, and pressed them close, as if to smother
a pain, or a feeling there as sharp as a pain.
  "My father," he said, "bore a good name, and was not without
honour in Jerusalem, where he dwelt. My mother, at his death, was in
the prime of womanhood; and it is not enough to say of her she was
good and beautiful: in her tongue was the law of kindness, and her
works were the praise of all in the gates, and she smiled at days to
come. I had a little sister, and she and I were the family, and we
were so happy that I, at least, have never seen harm in the saying
of the old rabbi, 'God could not be everywhere, and, therefore, he
made mothers.' One day an accident happened to a Roman in authority as
he was riding past our house at the head of a cohort; the
legionaries burst the gate and rushed in and seized us. I have not
seen my mother or sister since. I cannot say they are dead or
living. I do not know what became of them. But, Malluch, the man in
the chariot yonder was present at the separation; he gave us over to
the captors; he heard my mother's prayer for her children, and he
laughed when they dragged her away. Hardly may one say which graves
deepest in memory, love or hate. To-day I knew him afar- and, Malluch-
"
  He caught the listener's arm again.
  "And, Malluch, he knows and takes with him now the secret I would
give my life for: he could tell if she lives, and where she is, and
her condition; if she- no, they- much sorrow has made the two as
one- if they are dead, he could tell where they died, and of what, and
where their bones await my finding."
  "And will he not?"
  "No."
  "Why?"
  "I am a Jew, and he is a Roman."
  "But Romans have tongues, and Jews, though ever so despised, have
methods to beguile them."
  "For such as he? No; and, besides, the secret is one of state. All
my father's property was confiscated and divided."
  Malluch nodded his head slowly, much as to admit the argument;
then he asked anew, "Did he not recognize you?"
  "He could not. I was sent to death in life, and have been long since
accounted of the dead."
  "I wonder you did not strike him," said Malluch, yielding to a touch
of passion.
  "That would have been to put him past serving me forever. I would
have had to kill him, and Death, you know, keeps secrets better even
than a guilty Roman."
  The man who, with so much to avenge, could so calmly put such an
opportunity aside must be confident of his future or have ready some
better design, and Malluch's interest changed with the thought; it
ceased to be that of an emissary in duty bound to another. Ben-Hur was
actually asserting a claim upon him for his own sake. In other
words, Malluch was preparing to serve him with good heart and from
downright admiration.
  After brief pause, Ben-Hur resumed speaking.
  "I would not take his life, good Malluch; against that extreme the
possession of the secret is for the present, at least, his
safeguard; yet I may punish him, and so you give me help, I will try."
  "He is a Roman," said Malluch, without hesitation; "and I am of
the tribe of Judah. I will help you. If you choose, put me under oath-
under the most solemn oath."
  "Give me your hand, that will suffice."
  As their hands fell apart, Ben-Hur said, with lightened feeling,
"That I would charge you with is not difficult, good friend; neither
is it dreadful to conscience. Let us move on."
  They took the road which led to the right across the meadow spoken
of in the description of the coming to the fountain. Ben-Hur was first
to break the silence.
  "Do you know Sheik Ilderim the Generous?"
  "Yes."
  "Where is his Orchard of Palms? or, rather, Malluch, how far is it
beyond the village of Daphne?"
  Malluch was touched by a doubt; he recalled the prettiness of the
favour shown him by the woman at the fountain, and wondered if he
who had the sorrows of a mother in mind was about to forget them for a
lure of love; yet he replied, "The Orchard of Palms lies beyond the
village two hours by horse, and one by a swift camel."
  "Thank you; and to your knowledge once more. Have the games of which
you told me been widely published? and when will they take place?"
  The questions were suggestive; and if they did not restore Malluch
his confidence, they at least stimulated his curiosity.
  "Oh yes, they will be of ample splendour. The prefect is rich, and
could afford to lose his place; yet, as is the way with successful
men, his love of riches is nowise diminished; and to gain a friend
at court, if nothing more, he must make ado for the Consul
Maxentius, who is coming hither to make final preparations for a
campaign against the Parthians. The money there is in the preparations
the citizens of Antioch know from experience; so they have had
permission to join the prefect in the honours intended for the great
man. A month ago heralds went to the four quarters to proclaim the
opening of the Circus for the celebration. The name of the prefect
would be of itself good guarantee of variety and magnificence,
particularly throughout the East; but when to his promises Antioch
joins hers, all the islands and the cities by the sea stand assured of
the extraordinary, and will be here in person or by their most
famous professionals. The fees offered are royal."
  "And the Circus- I have heard it is second only to the Maximus."
  "At Rome, you mean. Well, ours seats two hundred thousand people,
yours seats seventy-five thousand more; yours is of marble, so is
ours; in arrangement they are exactly the same."
  "Are the rules the same?"
  Malluch smiled.
  "If Antioch dared be original, son of Arrius, Rome would not be
the mistress she is. The laws of the Circus Maximus govern except in
one particular: there but four chariots may start at once, here all
start without reference to number."
  "That is the practice of the Greeks," said Ben-Hur.
  "Yes, Antioch is more Greek than Roman."
  "So then, Malluch, I may choose my own chariot?"
  "Your own chariot and horses. There is no restriction upon either."
  While replying, Malluch observed the thoughtful look on Ben-Hur's
face give place to one of satisfaction.
  "One thing more now, O Malluch. When will the celebration be?"
  "Ah! your pardon," the other answered. "To-morrow- and the next
day," he said, counting aloud, "then, to speak in the Roman style,
if the sea-gods be propitious, the consul arrives. Yes, the sixth
day from this we have the games."
  "The time is short, Malluch, but it is enough." The last words
were spoken decisively. "By the prophets of our old Israel! I will
take to the reins again. Stay! a condition; is there assurance that
Messala will be a competitor?"
  Malluch saw now the plan, and all its opportunities for the
humiliation of the Roman; and he had not been true descendant of Jacob
if, with all his interest wakened, he had not rushed to a
consideration of the chances. His voice actually trembled as he
said, "Have you the practice?"
  "Fear not, my friend. The winners in the Circus Maximus have held
their crowns these three years at my will. Ask them- ask the best of
them, and they will tell you so. In the last great games the emperor
himself offered me his patronage if I would take his horses in hand
and run them against the entries of the world."
  "But you did not?"
  Malluch spoke eagerly.
  "I- I am a Jew"- Ben-Hur seemed shrinking within himself as he
spoke- "and, though I wear a Roman name, I dared not do professionally
a thing to sully my father's name in the cloisters and courts of the
Temple. In the palaestrae I could indulge practice which, if
followed into the circus, would become an abomination; and if I take
to the course here, Malluch, I swear it will not be for the prize or
the winner's fee."
  "Hold- swear not so!" cried Malluch. "The fee is ten thousand
sestertii- a fortune for life!"
  "Not for me, though the prefect trebled it fifty times. Better
than that, better than all the imperial revenues from the first year
of the first Caesar- I will make this race to humble my enemy.
Vengeance is permitted by the law."
  Malluch smiled and nodded as if saying, "Right, right- trust me a
Jew to understand a Jew."
  "The Messala will drive," he said, directly. "He is committed to the
race in many ways- by publication in the streets, and in the baths and
theatres, the palace and barracks; and, to fix him past retreat, his
name is on the tablets of every young spendthrift in Antioch."
  "In wager, Malluch?"
  "Yes, in wager; and every day he comes ostentatiously to practise,
as you saw him."
  "Ah! and that is the chariot, and those the horses, with which he
will make the race? Thank you, thank you, Malluch! You have served
me well already. I am satisfied. Now be my guide to the Orchard of
Palms, and give me introduction to Sheik Ilderim the Generous."
  "When?"
  "To-day. His horses may be engaged to-morrow."
  "You like them, then?"
  Ben-Hur answered with animation-
  "I saw them from the stand an instant only, for Messala then drove
up, and I might not look at anything else; yet I recognized them as of
the blood which is the wonder as well as the glory of the deserts. I
never saw the kind before, except in the stables of Caesar; but once
seen they are always to be known. To-morrow, upon meeting, I will know
you, Malluch, though you do not so much as salute me; I will know
you by your face, by your form, by your manner; and by the same
signs I will know them, and with the same certainty. If all that is
said of them be true, and I can bring their spirit under control of
mine, I can- "
  "Win the sestertii!" said Malluch, laughing.
  "No," answered Ben-Hur, as quickly. "I will do what better becomes a
man born to the heritage of Jacob- I will humble mine enemy in a
most public place. But," he added, impatiently, "we are losing time.
How can we most quickly reach the tents of the sheik?"
  Malluch took a moment for reflection.
  "It is best we go straight to the village, which is fortunately near
by; if two swift camels are to be had for hire there, we will be on
the road but an hour."
  "Let us about it, then."
  The village was an assemblage of palaces in beautiful gardens,
interspersed with khans of princely sort. Dromedaries were happily
secured, and upon them the journey to the famous Orchard of Palms
was begun.
                        CHAPTER X.
                 BEN-HUR HEARS OF CHRIST.

  BEYOND the village the country was undulating and cultivated; in
fact, it was the garden-land of Antioch, with not a foot lost to
labour. The steep faces of the hills were terraced; even the hedges
were brighter of the trailing vines which, besides the lure of
shade, offered passers-by sweet promises of wine to come, and grapes
in clustered purple ripeness. Over melon-patches, and through
apricot and fig-tree groves, and groves of oranges and limes, the
white-washed houses of the farmers were seen; and everywhere Plenty,
the smiling daughter of Peace, gave notice by her thousand signs
that she was at home, making the generous traveller merry at heart,
until he was even disposed to give Rome her dues. Occasionally,
also, views were had of Taurus and Lebanon, between which, a
separating line of silver, the Orontes placidly pursued its way.
  In course of their journey the friends came to the river, which they
followed with the windings of the road, now over bold bluffs, and then
into vales, all alike allotted for country-seats; and if the land
was in full foliage of oak and sycamore and myrtle, and bay and
arbutus, and perfuming jasmine, the river was bright with slanted
sunlight, which would have slept where it fell but for ships in
endless procession, gliding with the current, tacking for the wind, or
bounding under the impulse of oars- some coming, some going, and all
suggestive of the sea, and distant peoples, and famous places, and
things coveted on account of their rarity. To the fancy there is
nothing so winsome as a white sail seaward blown, unless it be a white
sail homeward bound, its voyage happily done. And down the shore the
friends went continuously till they came to a lake fed by
black-water from the river, clear, deep, and without current. An old
palm-tree dominated the angle of the inlet; turning to the left at the
foot of the tree, Malluch clapped his hands and shouted-
  "Look, look! The Orchard of Palms!"
  The scene was nowhere else to be found unless in the favoured
oases of Arabia or the Ptolemaean farms along the Nile; and to sustain
a sensation new as it was delightful, Ben-Hur was admitted into a
tract of land apparently without limit and level as a floor. All under
foot was fresh grass, in Syria the rarest and most beautiful
production of the soil; if he looked up, it was to see the sky
palely blue through the groinery of countless date-bearers, very
patriarchs of their kind, so numerous and old, and of such mighty
girth, so tall, so serried, so wide of branch, each branch so
perfect with fronds, plumy and wax-like and brilliant, they seemed
enchanters enchanted. Here was the grass colouring the very
atmosphere; there the lake, cool and clear, rippling but a few feet
under the surface, and helping the trees to their long life in old
age. Did the Grove of Daphne excel this one? And the palms, as if they
knew Ben-Hur's thought, and would win him after a way of their own,
seemed, as he passed under their arches, to stir and sprinkle him with
dewy coolness.
  The road wound in close parallelism with the shore of the lake;
and when it carried the travellers down to the water's edge, there was
always on that side a shining expanse limited not far off by the
opposite shore, on which, as on this one, no tree but the palm was
permitted.
  "See that," said Malluch, pointing to a giant of the place. "Each
ring upon its trunk marks a year of its life. Count them from root
to branch, and if the sheik tells you the grove was planted before the
Seleucidae were heard of in Antioch, do not doubt him."
  One may not look at a perfect palm-tree but that, with a subtlety
all its own, it assumes a presence for itself, and makes a poet of the
beholder. This is the explanation of the honours it has received,
beginning with the artists of the first kings, who could find no
form in all the earth to serve them so well as a model for the pillars
of their palaces and temples; and for the same reason Ben-Hur was
moved to say-
  "As I saw him at the stand to-day, good Malluch, Sheik Ilderim
appeared to be a very common man. The rabbis in Jerusalem would look
down upon him, I fear, as a son of a dog of Edom. How came he in
possession of the Orchard? And how has he been able to hold it against
the greed of Roman governors?"
  "If blood derives excellence from time, son of Arrius, then is old
Ilderim a man, though he be an uncircumcised Edomite."
  Mulluch spoke warmly.
  "All his fathers before him were sheiks. One of them- I shall not
say when he lived or did the good deed- once helped a king who was
being hunted with swords. The story says he loaned him a thousand
horsemen, who knew the paths of the wilderness and its hiding-places
as shepherds know the scant hills they inhabit with their flocks;
and they carried him here and there until the opportunity came, and
then with their spears they slew the enemy, and set him upon his
throne again. And the king, it is said, remembered the service, and
brought the son of the desert to this place, and bade him set up his
tent and bring his family and his herds, for the lake and trees, and
all the land from the river to the nearest mountains, were his and his
children's forever. And they have never been disturbed in the
possession. The rulers succeeding have found it policy to keep good
terms with the tribe, to whom the Lord has given increase of men and
horses, and camels and riches, making them masters of many highways
between cities; so that it is with them any time they please to say to
commerce, 'Go in peace,' or 'Stop,' and what they say shall be done.
Even the prefect in the citadel overlooking Antioch thinks it happy
day with him when Ilderim, surnamed the Generous on account of good
deeds done unto all manner of men, with his wives and children, and
his trains of camels and horses, and his belongings of sheik, moving
as our fathers Abraham and Jacob moved, comes up to exchange briefly
his bitter wells for the pleasantness you see about us."
  "How is it, then?" said Ben-Hur, who had been listening unmindful of
the slow gait of the dromedaries. "I saw the sheik tear his beard
while he cursed himself that he had put trust in a Roman. Caesar,
had he heard him, might have said, 'I like not such a friend as
this; put him away.'"
  "It would be but shrewd judgment," Malluch replied, smiling.
"Ilderim is not a lover of Rome; he has a grievance. Three years ago
the Parthians rode across the road from Bozra to Damascus, and fell
upon a caravan laden, among other things, with the incoming
tax-returns of a district over that way. They slew every creature
taken, which the censors in Rome could have forgiven if the imperial
treasure had been spared and forwarded. The farmers of the taxes,
being chargeable with the loss, complained to Caesar, and Caesar
held Herod to payment, and Herod, on his part, seized property of
Ilderim, whom he charged with treasonable neglect of duty. The sheik
appealed to Caesar, and Caesar has made him such answer as might be
looked for from the unwinking sphinx. The old man's heart has been
aching sore ever since, and he nurses his wrath, and takes pleasure in
its daily growth."
  "He can do nothing, Malluch."
  "Well," said Malluch, "that involves another explanation, which I
will give you, if we can draw nearer. But see!- the hospitality of the
sheik begins early- the children are speaking to you."
  The dromedaries stopped, and Ben-Hur looked down upon some little
girls of the Syrian peasant class, who were offering him their baskets
filled with dates. The fruit was freshly gathered, and not to be
refused; he stooped and took it, and as he did so a man in the tree by
which they were halted cried, "Peace to you, and welcome!"
  Their thanks said to the children, the friends moved on at such gait
as the animals chose.
  "You must know," Malluch continued, pausing now and then to
dispose of a date, "that the merchant Simonides gives me his
confidence, and sometimes flatters me by taking me into council; and
as I attend him at his house, I have made acquaintance with many of
his friends, who, knowing my footing with the host, talk to him freely
in my presence. In that way I became somewhat intimate with Sheik
Ilderim."
  For a moment Ben-Hur's attention wandered. Before his mind's eye
there arose the image, pure, gentle, and appealing, of Esther, the
merchant's daughter. Her dark eyes bright with the peculiar Jewish
lustre met his in modest gaze; he heard her step as when she
approached him with the wine, and her voice as she tendered him the
cup; and he acknowledged to himself again all the sympathy she
manifested for him, and manifested so plainly that words were
unnecessary, and so sweetly that words would have been but a
detraction. The vision was exceeding pleasant, but upon his turning to
Malluch, it flew away.
  "A few weeks ago," said Malluch, continuing, "the old Arab called on
Simonides, and found me present. I observed he seemed much moved about
something, and, in deference, offered to withdraw, but he himself
forbade me. 'As you are an Israelite,' he said, 'stay, for I have a
strange story to tell.' The emphasis on the word Israelite excited
my curiosity. I remained, and this is in substance his story- I cut it
short because we are drawing nigh the tent, and I leave the details to
the good man himself. A good many years ago, three men called at
Ilderim's tent out in the wilderness. They were all foreigners, a
Hindoo, a Greek, and an Egyptian; and they had come on camels, the
largest he had ever seen, and all white. He welcomed them, and gave
them rest. Next morning they arose and prayed a prayer new to the
sheik- a prayer addressed to God and his son- this with much mystery
besides. After breaking fast with him, the Egyptian told who they
were, and whence they had come. Each had seen a star, out of which a
voice had bidden them go to Jerusalem and ask, 'Where is he that is
born King of the Jews?' They obeyed. From Jerusalem they were led by a
star to Bethlehem, where, in a cave, they found a child newly born,
which they fell down and worshipped; and after worshipping it, and
giving it costly presents, and bearing witness of what it was, they
took to their camels, and fled without pause to the sheik, because
if Herod- meaning him surnamed the Great- could lay hands upon them,
he would certainly kill them. And, faithful to his habit, the sheik
took care of them, and kept them concealed for a year, when they
departed, leaving with him gifts of great value, and each going a
separate way."
  "It is, indeed, a most wonderful story," Ben-Hur exclaimed at its
conclusion. "What did you say they were to ask at Jerusalem?"
  "They were to ask, 'Where is he that is born King of the Jews?'"
  "Was that all?"
  "There was more to the question, but I cannot recall it."
  "And they found the child?"
  "Yes, and worshipped him."
  "It is a miracle, Malluch."
  "Ilderim is a grave man, though excitable as all Arabs are. A lie on
his tongue is impossible."
  Malluch spoke positively. Thereupon the dromedaries were
forgotten, and, quite as unmindful of their riders, they turned off
the road to the growing grass.
  "Has Ilderim heard nothing more of the three men?" asked Ben-Hur.
"What became of them?"
  "Ah, yes, that was the cause of his coming to Simonides the day of
which I was speaking. Only the night before that day the Egyptian
reappeared to him."
  "Where?"
  "Here at the door of the tent to which we are coming."
  "How knew he the man?"
  "As you knew the horses to-day- by face and manner."
  "By nothing else?"
  "He rode the same great white camel, and gave him the same name-
Balthasar, the Egyptian."
  "It is a wonder of the Lord's!"
  Ben-Hur spoke with excitement.
  And Malluch, wondering, asked, "Why so?"
  "Balthasar, you said?"
  "Yes, Balthasar, the Egyptian."
  "That was the name the old man gave us at the fountain to-day."
  Then, at the reminder, Malluch became excited.
  "It is true," he said; "and the camel was the same- and you saved
the man's life."
  "And the woman," said Ben-Hur, like one speaking to himself- "the
woman was his daughter."
  He fell to thinking; and even the reader will say he was having a
vision of the woman, and that it was more welcome than that of Esther,
if only because it stayed longer with him; but no-
  "Tell me again," he said, presently. "Were the three to ask,
'Where is he that is to be King of the Jews?'"
  "Not exactly. The words were born to be King of the Jews. Those were
the words as the old sheik caught them first in the desert, and he has
ever since been waiting the coming of the king; nor can any one
shake his faith that he will come."
  "How- as king?"
  "Yes, and bringing the doom of Rome- so says the sheik."
  Ben-Hur kept silent awhile, thinking and trying to control his
feelings.
  "The old man is one of many millions," he said, slowly- "one of many
millions each with a wrong to avenge; and this strange faith, Malluch,
is bread and wine to his hope; for who but a Herod may be King of
the Jews while Rome endures? But, following the story, did you hear
what Simonides said to him?"
  "If Ilderim is a grave man, Simonides is a wise one," Malluch
Replied. "I listened, and he said- But hark! Some one comes overtaking
us."
  The noise grew louder, until presently they heard the rumble of
wheels mixed with the beating of horse-hoofs- a moment later Sheik
Ilderim himself appeared on horseback, followed by a train, among
which were the four wine-red Arabs drawing the chariot. The sheik's
chin, in its muffling of long white beard, was drooped upon his
breast. Our friends had out-travelled him; but at sight of them, he
raised his head, and spoke kindly.
  "Peace to you!- Ah, my friend Malluch! Welcome! And tell me you
are not going, but just come; that you have something for me from
the good Simonides- may the Lord of his fathers keep him in life for
many years to come! Aye, take up the straps, both of you, and follow
me. I have bread and leben, or, if you prefer it, arrack and the flesh
of young kid. Come!"
  They followed after him to the door of the tent, in which, when they
were dismounted, he stood to receive them, holding a platter with
three cups filled with creamy liquor just drawn from a great
smoke-stained skin bottle, pendent from the central post.
  "Drink," he said, heartily, "drink, for this is the fear-naught of
the tentmen."
  They each took a cup, and drank till but the foam remained.
  "Enter now, in God's name."
  And when they were gone in, Malluch took the sheik aside, and
spoke to him privately; after which he went to Ben-Hur and excused
himself.
  "I have told the sheik about you, and he will give you the trial
of his horses in the morning. He is your friend. Having done for you
all I can, you must do the rest, and let me return to Antioch. There
is one there who has my promise to meet him to-night. I have no choice
but to go. I will come back to-morrow; prepared, if all goes well in
the meantime, to stay with you until the games are over."
  With blessings given and received, Malluch set out in return.
                        CHAPTER XI.
              THE WISE SERVANT AND HIS DAUGHTER.

  WHAT time the lower horn of a new moon touched the castellated piles
on Mount Sulpius, and two-thirds of the people of Antioch were out
on their house-tops comforting themselves with the night breeze when
it blew, and with fans when it failed, Simonides sat in the chair
which had come to be a part of him, and from the terrace looked down
over the river, and his ships a-swing at their moorings. The wall at
his back cast its shadow broadly over the water to the opposite shore.
Above him the endless tramp upon the bridge went on. Esther was
holding a plate for him containing his frugal supper- some wheaten
cakes light as wafers, some honey, and a bowl of milk, into which he
now and then dipped the wafers after dipping them into the honey.
  "Malluch is a laggard to-night," he said, showing where his thoughts
were.
  "Do you believe he will come?" Esther asked.
  "Unless he has taken to the sea or the desert, and is yet
following on, he will come."
  Simonides spoke with quiet confidence.
  "He may write," she said.
  "Not so, Esther. He would have despatched a letter when he found
he could not return, and told me so; because I have not received
such a letter, I know he can come, and will."
  "I hope so," she said, very softly.
  Something in the utterance attracted his attention; it might have
been the tone, it might have been the wish. The smallest bird cannot
light upon the greatest tree without sending a shock to its most
distant fibre; every mind is at times no less sensitive to the most
trifling words.
  "You wish him to come, Esther?" he asked.
  "Yes," she said, lifting her eyes to his.
  "Why? Can you tell me?" he persisted.
  "Because"- she hesitated, then began again- "because the young man
is- " The stop was full.
  "Our master. Is that the word?"
  "Yes."
  "And you still think I should not suffer him to go away without
telling him to come, if he chooses, and take us- and all we have- all,
Esther- the goods, the shekels, the ships, the slaves, and the
mighty credit, which is a mantle of cloth of gold and finest silver
spun for me by the greatest of the angels of men- Success."
  She made no answer.
  "Does that move you nothing? No?" he said, with the slightest
taint of bitterness. "Well, well, I have found, Esther, the worst
reality is never unendurable when it comes out from behind the
clouds through which we at first see it darkly- never- not even the
rack. I suppose it will be so with death. And by that philosophy the
slavery to which we are going must afterwhile become sweet. It pleases
me even now to think what a favoured man our master is. The fortune
cost him nothing- not an anxiety, not a drop of sweat not so much as a
thought; it attaches to him undreamed of, and in his youth. And,
Esther, let me waste a little vanity with the reflection; he gets what
he could not go into the market and buy with all the pelf in a sum-
thee, my child, my darling; thou blossom from the tomb of my lost
Rachel!"
  He drew her to him, and kissed her twice- once for herself, once for
her mother.
  "Say not so," she said, when his hand fell from her neck. "Let us
think better of him; he knows what sorrow is, and will set us free."
  "Ah, thy instincts are fine, Esther; and thou knowest I lean upon
them in doubtful cases where good or bad is to be pronounced of a
person standing before thee as he stood this morning. But- but"- his
voice rose and hardened- "these limbs upon which I cannot stand-
this body drawn and beaten out of human shape- they are not all I
bring him of myself. Oh no, no! I bring him a soul which has triumphed
over torture and Roman malice keener than any torture- I bring him a
mind which has eyes to see gold at a distance farther than the ships
of Solomon sailed, and power to bring it to hand- aye, Esther, into my
palm here for the fingers to grip and keep lest it take wings at
some other's word- a mind skilled at scheming"- he stopped and
laughed.- "Why, Esther, before the new moon, which in the courts of
the Temple on the Holy Hill they are this moment celebrating, passes
into its next quartering I could ring the world so as to startle
even Caesar; for know you, child, I have that faculty which is
better than any one sense, better than a perfect body, better than
courage and will, better than experience, ordinarily the best
product of the longest lives- the faculty divinest of men, but which"-
he stopped, and laughed again, not bitterly, but with real zest-
"but which even the great do not sufficiently account, while with
the herd it is a non-existent- the faculty of drawing men to my
purpose and holding them faithfully to its achievement, by which, as
against things to be done, I multiply myself into hundreds and
thousands. So the captains of my ships plough the seas, and bring me
honest returns; so Malluch follows the youth, our master, and will"-
just then a footstep was heard upon the terrace- "Ha, Esther! said I
not so?- He is here- and we will have tidings. For my sake, sweet
child- my lily just budded- I pray the Lord God, who has not forgotten
his wandering sheep of Israel, that they be good and comforting. Now
we will know if he will let thee go with all thy beauty, and me with
all my faculties."
  Malluch came to the chair.
  "Peace to you, good master," he said, with a low obeisance- "and
to you, Esther, most excellent of daughters."
  He stood before them deferentially, and the attitude and the address
left it difficult to define his relation to them; the one was that
of a servant, the other indicated the familiar and friend. On the
other side, Simonides, as was his habit in business, after answering
the salutation, went straight to the subject.
  "What of the young man, Malluch?"
  The events of the day were told quietly and in the simplest words,
and until he was through there was no interruption; nor did the
listener in the chair so much as move a hand during the narration; but
for his eyes, wide open and bright, and an occasional long-drawn
breath, he might have been accounted an effigy.
  "Thank you, thank you, Malluch," he said, heartily, at the
conclusion; "you have done well- no one could have done better. Now
what say you of the young man's nationality?"
  "He is an Israelite, good master, and of the tribe of Judah."
  "You are positive?"
  "Very positive."
  "He appears to have told you but little of his life."
  "He has somewhere learned to be prudent. I might call him
distrustful. He baffled all my attempts upon his confidence until we
started from the Castalian fount going to the village of Daphne."
  "A place of abomination! Why went he there?"
  "I would say from curiosity, the first motive of the many who go;
but, very strangely, he took no interest in the things he saw. Of
the Temple, he merely asked if it were Grecian. Good master, the young
man has a trouble of mind from which he would hide, and he went to the
Grove, I think, as we go to sepulchres with our dead- he went to
bury it."
  "That were well, if so," Simonides said, in a low voice; then
louder, "Malluch, the curse of the time is prodigality. The poor
make themselves poorer as apes of the rich, and the merely rich
carry themselves like princes. Saw you signs of the weakness in the
youth? Did he display moneys- coin of Rome or Israel?"
  "None, none, good master."
  "Surely, Malluch, where there are so many inducements to folly- so
much, I mean, to eat and drink- surely he made you generous offer of
some sort. His age, if nothing more, would warrant that much."
  "He neither ate nor drank in my company."
  "In what he said or did, Malluch, could you in anywise detect his
master-idea? You know they peep through cracks close enough to stop
the wind."
  "Give me to understand you," said Malluch, in doubt.
  "Well, you know we nor speak nor act, much less decide grave
questions concerning ourselves, except we be driven by a motive. In
that respect, what make you of him?"
  "As to that, Master Simonides, I can answer with much assurance.
He is devoted to finding his mother and sister- that first. Then he
has a grievance against Rome; and as the Messala of whom I told you
had something to do with the wrong, the great present object is to
humiliate him. The meeting at the fountain furnished an opportunity,
but it was put aside as not sufficiently public."
  "The Messala is influential," said Simonides, thoughtfully.
  "Yes; but the next meeting will be in the Circus."
  "Well- and then?"
  "The son of Arrius will win."
  "How know you?"
  Malluch smiled.
  "I am judging by what he says."
  "Is that all?"
  "No; there is a much better sign- his spirit."
  "Aye; but, Malluch, his idea of vengeance- what is its scope? Does
he limit it to the few who did him the wrong, or does he take in the
many? And more- is his feeling but the vagary of a sensitive boy, or
has it the seasoning of suffering manhood to give it endurance? You
know, Malluch, the vengeful thought that has root merely in the mind
is but a dream of idlest sort which one clear day will dissipate;
while revenge the passion is a disease of the heart which climbs up,
up to the brain, and feeds itself on both alike."
  In this question, Simonides for the first time showed signs of
feeling; he spoke with rapid utterance, and with clenched hands and
the eagerness of a man illustrating the disease he described.
  "Good, my master," Malluch replied, "one of my reasons for believing
the young man a Jew is the intensity of his hate. It was plain to me
that he had himself under watch, as was natural, seeing how long he
has lived in an atmosphere of Roman jealousy; yet I saw it blaze- once
when he wanted to know Ilderim's feeling towards Rome, and again
when I told him the story of the sheik and the wise man, and spoke
of the question, 'Where is he that is born King of the Jews?'"
  Simonides leaned forward quickly.
  "Ah, Malluch, his words- give me his words; let me judge the
impression the mystery made upon him."
  "He wanted to know the exact words. Were they to be or born to be?
It appeared he was struck by a seeming difference in the effect of the
two phrases."
  Simonides settled back into his pose of listening judge.
  "Then," said Malluch, "I told him Ilderim's view of the mystery-
that the king would come with the doom of Rome. The young man's
blood rose over his cheeks and forehead, and he said earnestly, 'Who
but a Herod can be king while Rome endures?'"
  "Meaning what?"
  "That the empire must be destroyed before there could be another
rule."
  Simonides gazed for a time at the ships and their shadows slowly
swinging together in the river; when he looked up, it was to end the
interview.
  "Enough, Malluch," he said. "Get you to eat, and make ready to
return to the Orchard of Palms; you must help the young man in his
coming trial. Come to me in the morning. I will send a letter to
Ilderim." Then in an undertone, as if to himself, he added, "I may
attend the Circus myself."
  When Malluch, after the customary benediction given and received,
was gone, Simonides took a deep draught of milk, and seemed
refreshed and easy of mind.
  "Put the meal down, Esther," he said; "it is over."
  She obeyed.
  "Here now."
  She resumed her place upon the arm of the chair close to him.
  "God is good to me, very good," he said, fervently. "His habit is to
move in mystery, yet sometimes he permits us to think we see and
understand him. I am old, dear, and must go; but now, in this eleventh
hour, when my hope was beginning to die, he sends me this one with a
promise, and I am lifted up. I see the way to a great part in a
circumstance itself so great that it shall be as a new birth to the
whole world. And I see a reason for the gift of my great riches, and
the end for which they were designed. Verily, my child, I take hold on
life anew."
  Esther nestled closer to him, as if to bring his thoughts from their
far-flying.
  "The king has been born," he continued, imagining he was still
speaking to her, "and he must be near the half of common life.
Balthasar says he was a child on his mother's lap when he saw him, and
gave him presents and worship; and Ilderim holds it was twenty-seven
years ago last December when Balthasar and his companions came to
his tent asking a hiding-place from Herod. Wherefore the coming cannot
now be long delayed. To-night- to-morrow it may be. Holy fathers of
Israel, what happiness in the thought! I seem to hear the crash of the
falling of old walls and the clamour of a universal change- aye, and
for the uttermost joy of men, the earth opens to take Rome in, and
they look up and laugh and sing that she is not, while we are;" then
he laughed at himself. "Why, Esther, heard you ever the like?
Surely, I have on me the passion of a singer, the heat of blood and
the thrill of Miriam and David. In my thoughts, which should be
those of a plain worker in figures and facts, there is a confusion
of cymbals clashing and harp-strings loud beaten, and the voices of
a multitude standing around a new-risen throne. I will put the
thinking by for the present; only, dear, when the king comes he will
need money and men, for as he was a child born of woman he will be but
a man after all, bound to human ways as you and I are. And for the
money he will have need of getters and keepers, and for the men
leaders. There, there! See you not a broad road for my walking, and
the running of the youth, our master?- and at the end of it glory
and revenge for us both?- and- and"- he paused, struck with the
selfishness of a scheme in which she had no part or good result;
then added, kissing her, "And happiness for thy mother's child."
  She sat still, saying nothing. Then he remembered the difference
in natures, and the law by which we are not permitted always to take
delight in the same cause or be equally afraid of the same thing. He
remembered she was but a girl.
  "Of what are you thinking, Esther?" he said, in his common,
home-like way. "If the thought have the form of a wish, give it me,
little one, while the power remains mine. For power, you know, is a
fretful thing, and hath its wings always spread for flight."
  She answered with a simplicity almost childish-
  "Send for him, father. Send for him to-night, and do not let him
go into the Circus."
  "Ah!" he said, prolonging the exclamation; and again his eyes fell
upon the river, where the shadows were more shadowy than ever, since
the moon had sunk far down behind Sulpius, leaving the city to the
ineffectual stars. Shall we say it, reader? He was touched by a twinge
of jealousy. If she should really love the young master! Oh no! That
could not be; she was too young. But the idea had fast grip, and
directly held him still and cold. She was sixteen. He knew it well. On
the last natal day he had gone with her to the shipyard where there
was a launch, and the yellow flag which the galley bore to its
bridal with the waves had on it "Esther;" so they celebrated the day
together. Yet the fact struck him now with the force of a surprise.
There are realizations which come to us all painfully; mostly,
however, such as pertain to ourselves; that we are growing old, for
instance, and, more terrible, that we must die. Such a one crept
into his heart, shadowy as the shadows, yet substantial enough to
wring from him a sigh which was almost a groan. It was not
sufficient that she should enter upon her young womanhood a servant,
but she must carry to her master her affections, the truth and
tenderness and delicacy of which he the father so well knew, because
to this time they had all been his own undividedly. The fiend whose
task it is to torture us with fears and bitter thoughts seldom does
his work by halves. In the pang of the moment, the brave old man
lost sight of his new scheme, and of the miraculous king its
subject. By a mighty effort, however, he controlled himself, and
asked, calmly, "Not go into the Circus, Esther? Why, child?"
  "It is not a place for a son of Israel, father."
  "Rabbinical, rabbinical, Esther! Is that all?"
  The tone of the inquiry was searching, and went to her heart,
which began to beat loudly- so loudly she could not answer. A
confusion new and strangely pleasant fell upon her.
  "The young man is to have the fortune," he said, taking her hand,
and speaking more tenderly; "he is to have the ships and the
shekels- all, Esther, all. Yet I did not feel poor, for thou wert left
me, and thy love so like the dead Rachel's. Tell me, is he to have
that too?"
  She bent over him, and laid her cheek against his head.
  "Speak, Esther. I will be the stronger of the knowledge. In
warning there is strength."
  She sat up then, and spoke as if she were Truth's holy self.
  "Comfort thee, father. I will never leave thee; though he take my
love, I will be thy handmaid ever as now."
  And, stooping, she kissed him.
  "And more," she said, continuing; "he is comely in my sight, and the
pleading of his voice drew me to him, and I shudder to think of him in
danger. Yes, father, I would be more than glad to see him again.
Still, the love that is unrequited cannot be perfect love, wherefore I
will wait a time, remembering I am thy daughter and my mother's."
  "A very blessing of the Lord art thou, Esther! A blessing to keep me
rich, though all else be lost. And by his holy name and everlasting
life, I swear thou shalt not suffer."
  At his request, a little later, the servant came and rolled the
chair into the room, where he sat for a time thinking of the coming of
the king, while she went off and slept the sleep of the innocent.
                        CHAPTER XII.
                       A ROMAN ORGIE.

  THE palace across the river nearly opposite Simonides' place is said
to have been completed by the famous Epiphanes, and was all such a
habitation can be imagined; though he was a builder whose taste ran to
the immense rather than the classical, now so called- an architectural
imitator, in other words, of the Persians instead of the Greeks.
  The wall enclosing the whole island to the water's edge, and built
for the double purpose of bulwark against the river and defence
against the mob, was said to have rendered the palace unfit for
constant occupancy, insomuch that the legates abandoned it and moved
to another residence erected for them on the western ridge of Mount
Sulpius, under the Temple of Jupiter. Persons were not wanting,
however, who flatly denied the bill against the ancient abode. They
said, with shrewdness at least, that the real object of the removal of
the legates was not a more healthful locality, but the assurance
afforded them by the huge barracks, named, according to the
prevalent style, citadel, situated just over the way on the eastern
ridge of the mount. And the opinion had plausible showing. Among other
pertinent things, it was remarked that the palace was kept in
perpetual readiness for use; and when a consul, general of the army,
king, or visiting potentate of any kind arrived at Antioch, quarters
were at once assigned him on the island.
  As we have to do with but one apartment in the old pile, the residue
of it is left to the reader's fancy; and as pleases him, he may go
through its gardens, baths, halls, and labyrinth of rooms to the
pavilions on the roof, all furnished as became a house of fame in a
city which was more nearly Milton's "gorgeous East" than any other
in the world.
  At this age the apartment alluded to would be termed a saloon. It
was quite spacious, floored with polished marble slabs, and lighted in
the day by skylights in which coloured mica served as glass. The walls
were broken by Atlantes, no two of which were alike, but all
supporting a cornice wrought with arabesques exceedingly intricate
in form, and more elegant on account of superadditions of colour-
blue, green, Tyrian purple, and gold. Around the room ran a continuous
divan of Indian silks and wool of Cashmere. The furniture consisted of
tables and stools of Egyptian patterns grotesquely carved. We have
left Simonides in his chair perfecting his scheme in aid of the
miraculous king, whose coming he has decided is so close at hand.
Esther is asleep; and now, having crossed the river by the bridge, and
made way through the lion-guarded gate and a number of Babylonian
halls and courts, let us enter the gilded saloon.
  There are five chandeliers hanging by sliding bronze chains from the
ceiling- one in each corner, and in the centre one- enormous
pyramids of lighted lamps, illuminating even the demoniac faces of the
Atlantes and the complex tracery of the cornice. About the tables,
seated or standing, or moving restlessly from one to another, there
are probably a hundred persons, whom we must study at least for a
moment.
  They are all young, some of them little more than boys. That they
are Italians and mostly Romans is past doubt. They all speak Latin
in purity, while each one appears in the indoor dress of the great
capital on the Tiber; that is, in tunics short of sleeve and skirt,
a style of vesture well adapted to the climate of Antioch, and
especially comfortable in the too close atmosphere of the saloon. On
the divan here and there togas and lacernae lie where they have been
carelessly tossed, some of them significantly bordered with purple. On
the divan also lie sleepers stretched at ease; whether they were
overcome by the heat and fatigue of the sultry day or by Bacchus we
will not pause to inquire.
  The hum of voices is loud and incessant. Sometimes there is an
explosion of laughter, sometimes a burst of rage or exultation; but
over all prevails a sharp prolonged rattle, at first somewhat
confusing to the non-familiar. If we approach the tables, however, the
mystery solves itself. The company is at the favourite games, draughts
and dice, singly or together, and the rattle is merely of the
tesserae, or ivory cubes, loudly shaken, and the moving of the
hostes on the checkered boards.
  Who are the company?
  "Good Flavius," said a player, holding his piece in suspended
movement, "thou seest yon lacerna; that one in front of us on the
divan. It is fresh from the shop, and hath a shoulder-buckle of gold
broad as a palm."
  "Well," said Flavius, intent upon his game, "I have seen such
before; wherefore thine may not be old, yet, by the girdle of Venus,
it is not new! What of it?"
  "Nothing. only I would give it to find a man who knows everything."
  "Ha, ha! For something cheaper, I will find thee here several with
purple who will take thy offer. But play."
  "There- check!"
  "So, by all the Jupiters! Now, what sayest thou? Again?"
  "Be it so."
  "And the wager?"
  "A sestertium."
  Then each drew his tablets and stilus and made a memorandum; and,
while they were resetting the pieces, Flavius returned to his friend's
remark.
  "A man who knows everything! Hercle! the oracles would die. What
would thou with such a monster?"
  "Answer to one question, my Flavius; then perpol! I would cut his
throat."
  "And the question?"
  "I would have him tell me the hour- Hour, said I?- nay, the
minute- Maxentius will arrive to-morrow."
  "Good play, good play! I have you! And why the minute?"
  "Hast thou ever stood uncovered in the Syrian sun on the quay at
which he will land? The fires of the Vesta are not so hot; and, by the
Stator of our father Romulus, I would die, if die I must, in Rome.
Avernus is here; there, in the square before the Forum, I could stand,
and, with my hand raised thus, touch the floor of the gods. Ha, by
Venus, my Flavius, thou didst beguile me! I have lost. O Fortune!"
  "Again?"
  "I must have back my sestertium."
  "Be it so."
  And they played again and again; and when day, stealing through
the skylights, began to dim the lamps, it found the two in the same
places at the same table, still at the game. Like most of the company,
they were military attaches of the consul, awaiting his arrival and
amusing themselves meantime.
  During this conversation a party entered the room, and, unnoticed at
first, proceeded to the central table. The signs were that they had
come from a revel just dismissed. Some of them kept their feet with
difficulty. Around the leader's brow was a chaplet which marked him
master of the feast, if not the giver. The wine had made no impression
upon him unless to heighten his beauty, which was of the most manly
Roman style; he carried his head high raised; the blood flushed his
lips and cheeks brightly; his eyes glittered; though the manner in
which, shrouded in a toga spotless white and of ample folds, he walked
was too nearly imperial for one sober and not a Caesar. In going to
the table, he made room for himself and his followers with little
ceremony and no apologies; and when at length he stopped, and looked
over it and at the players, they all turned to him, with a shout
like a cheer.
  "Messala! Messala!" they cried.
  Those in distant quarters hearing the cry, re-echoed it where they
were. Instantly there were dissolution of groups, and breaking-up of
games, and a general rush towards the centre.
  Messala took the demonstration indifferently, and proceeded
presently to show the ground of his popularity.
  "A health to thee, Drusus, my friend," he said to the player next at
his right; "a health- and thy tablets a moment."
  He raised the waxen boards, glanced at the memoranda of wagers,
and tossed them down.
  "Denarii, only denarii- coin of cartmen and butchers!" he said, with
a scornful laugh. "By the drunken Semele, to what is Rome coming, when
a Caesar sits o' nights waiting a turn of fortune to bring him but a
beggarly denarius!"
  The scion of the Drusi reddened to his brows, but the bystanders
broke in upon his reply by surging closer around the table, and
shouting, "The Messala! the Messala!"
  "Men of the Tiber," Messala continued, wresting a box with the
dice in it from a hand near by, "who is he most favoured of the
gods? A Roman. Who is he lawgiver of the nations? A Roman. Who is
he, by sword right, the universal master?"
  The company were of the easily inspired, and the thought was one
to which they were born; in a twinkling they snatched the answer
from him.
  "A Roman, a Roman!" they shouted.
  "Yet- yet"- he lingered to catch their ears- "yet there is a
better than the best of Rome."
  He tossed his patrician head and paused, as if to sting them with
his sneer.
  "Hear ye?" he asked. "There is a better than the best of Rome."
  "Ay- Hercules!" cried one.
  "Bacchus!" yelled a satirist.
  "Jove- Jove!" thundered the crowd.
  "No," Messala answered, "among men."
  "Name him, name him!" they demanded.
  "I will," he said, the next lull. "He who to the perfection of
Rome hath added the perfection of the East; who to the arm of
conquest, which is Western, hath also the art needful to the enjoyment
of dominion, which is Eastern."
  "Perpol! His best is a Roman, after all," some one shouted; and
there was a great laugh, and long clapping of hands- an admission that
Messala had the advantage.
  "In the East," he continued, "we have no gods, only Wine, Women, and
Fortune, and the greatest of them is Fortune; wherefore our motto,
'Who dareth what I dare?'- fit for the senate, fit for battle, fittest
for him who, seeking the best, challenges the worst."
  His voice dropped into an easy, familiar tone, but without
relaxing the ascendency he had gained.
  "In the great chest up in the citadel I have five talents coin
current in the markets, and here are the receipts for them."
  From his tunic he drew a roll of paper, and flinging it on the
table, continued, amidst breathless silence, every eye having him in
view fixed on his, every ear listening-
  "The sum lies there the measure of what I dare. Who of you dares
so much? You are silent. Is it too great? I will strike off one
talent. What! still silent? Come, then, throw me once for these
three talents- only three; for two; for one- one at least- one for the
honour of the river by which you were born- Rome East against Rome
West!- Orontes the barbarous against Tiber the sacred!"
  He rattled the dice overhead while waiting.
  "The Orontes against the Tiber!" he repeated, with an increase of
scornful emphasis.
  Not a man moved; then he flung the box upon the table, and,
laughing, took up the receipts.
  "Ha, ha, ha! By the Olympian Jove, I know now we have fortunes to
make or to mend; therefore are ye come to Antioch. Ho, Cecilius!"
  "Here, Messala!" cried a man behind him; "here am I, perishing in
the mob, and begging a drachma to settle with the ragged ferryman.
But, Pluto take me! these new ones have not so much as an obolus among
them."
  The sally provoked a burst of laughter, under which the saloon
rang and rang again, Messala alone kept his gravity.
  "Go, thou," he said to, Cecilius, "to the chamber whence we came,
and bid the servants bring the amphorae here, and the cups and
goblets. If these our countrymen, looking for fortune, have not
purses, by the Syrian Bacchus, I will see if they are not better
blessed with stomachs! Haste thee!"
  Then he turned to Drusus, with a laugh heard throughout the
apartment.
  "Ha, ha, my friend! Be thou not offended because I levelled the
Caesar in thee down to the denarii. Thou seest I did but use the
name to try these fine fledglings of our old Rome. Come, my Drusus,
come!" He took up the box again and rattled the dice merrily. "Here,
for what sum thou wilt, let us measure fortunes."
  The manner was frank, cordial, winsome. Drusus melted in a moment.
  "By the Nymphae, yes!" he said laughing. "I will throw with thee,
Messala- for a denarius."
  A very boyish person was looking over the table, watching the scene.
Suddenly Messala turned to him.
  "Who art thou?" he asked.
  The lad drew back.
  "Nay, by Castor I and his brother too! I mean not offence. It is a
rule among men, in matters other than dice, to keep the record closest
when the deal is least. I have need of a clerk. Wilt thou serve me?"
  The young fellow drew his tablets ready to keep the score; the
manner was irresistible.
  "Hold, Messala, hold!" cried Drusus. "I know not if it be ominous to
stay the poised dice with a question; but one occurs to me, and I must
ask it though Venus slap me with her girdle."
  "Nay, my Drusus, Venus with her girdle off is Venus in love. To
thy question- I will make the throw and hold it against mischance.
Thus- "
  He turned the box upon the table, and held it firmly over the dice.
  And Drusus asked. "Did you ever see one Quintus Arrius?"
  "The duumvir?"
  "No- his son?"
  "I knew not he had a son."
  "Well, it is nothing," Drusus added, indifferently; "only, my
Messala, Pollux was not more like Castor than Arrius is like thee."
  The remark had the effect of a signal: twenty voices took it up.
  "True, true! His eyes- his face," they cried.
  "What!" answered one, disgusted. "Messala is a Roman; Arrius is a
Jew."
  "Thou sayest right," a third exclaimed. "He is a Jew, or Momus
lent his mother the wrong mask."
  There was a promise of a dispute; seeing which, Messala
interposed. "The wine is not come, my Drusus; and, as thou seest, I
have the freckled Pythias as they were dogs in leash. As to Arrius,
I will accept thy opinion of him, so thou tell me more about him."
  "Well, be he Jew or Roman- and, by the great god Pan, I say it not
in disrespect of thy feelings, my Messala!- this Arrius is handsome,
and brave, and shrewd. The emperor offered him favour and patronage,
which he refused. He came up through mystery, and keepeth distance
as if he felt himself better or knew himself worse than the rest of
us. In the palaestrae he was unmatched; he played with the blue-eyed
giants from the Rhine and the hornless bulls of Sarmatia as they
were willow wisps. The duumvir left him vastly rich. He has a
passion for arms, and thinks of nothing but war. Maxentius admitted
him into his family, and he was to have taken ship with us, but we
lost him at Ravenna. Nevertheless he arrived safely. We heard of him
this morning. Perpol! Instead of coming to the palace or going to
the citadel, he dropped his baggage at the khan, and hath
disappeared again."
  At the beginning of the speech Messala listened with polite
indifference; as it proceeded he became more attentive; at the
conclusion he took his hand from the dice-box, and called out, "Ho, my
Caius! Dost thou hear?"
  A youth at his elbow- his Myrtilus, or comrade, in the day's chariot
practice- answered, much pleased with the attention, "Did I not, my
Messala, I were not thy friend."
  "Dost thou remember the man who gave thee the fall to-day?"
  "By the love-locks of Bacchus, have I not a bruised shoulder to help
me keep it in mind?" and he seconded the words with a shrug that
submerged his ears.
  "Well, be thou grateful to the Fates- I have found thy enemy.
Listen."
  Thereupon Messala turned to Drusus.
  "Tell us more of him- perpol!- of him who is both Jew and Roman-
by Phoebus, a combination to make a Centaur lovely! What garments doth
he affect, my Drusus?"
  "Those of the Jews."
  "Hearest thou, Caius?" said Messala. "The fellow is young- one; he
hath the visage of a Roman- two; he loveth best the garb of a Jew-
three; and in the palaestrae fame and fortune come of arms to throw
a horse or tilt a chariot, as the necessity may order- four. And,
Drusus, help thou my friend again. Doubtless this Arrius hath tricks
of language, otherwise he could not so confound himself- to-day a Jew,
to-morrow a Roman; but of the rich tongue of Athene- discourseth he in
that as well?"
  "With such purity, Messala, he might have been a contestant in the
Isthmia."
  "Art thou listening, Caius?" said Messala. "The fellow is
qualified to salute a woman- for that matter, Aristomache herself-
in the Greek; and as I keep the count, that is five. What sayest
thou?"
  "Thou hast found him, my Messala," Caius answered; "or I am not
myself."
  "Thy pardon, Drusus- and pardon of all- for speaking in riddles
thus," Messala said, in his winsome way. "By all the decent gods, I
would not strain thy courtesy to the point of breaking, but now help
thou me. See!"- he put his hand on the dice-box again, laughing-
"see how close I hold the Pythias and their secret! Thou didst
speak, I think, of mystery in connection with the coming of the son of
Arrius. Tell me of that."
  "'Tis nothing, Messala, nothing," Drusus replied, "a child's
story. When Arrius, the father, sailed in pursuit of the pirates, he
was without wife or family; he returned with a boy- him of whom we
speak- and next day adopted him."
  "Adopted him?" Messala repeated. "By the gods, Drusus, thou dost,
indeed, interest me! Where did the duumvir find the boy? And who was
he?"
  "Who shall answer thee that, Messala? who but the young Arrius
himself? Perpol! in the fight the duumvir- then but a tribune- lost
his galley. A returning vessel found him and one other- all of the
crew who survived- afloat upon the same plank. I give you now the
story of the rescuers, which hath this excellence at least- it hath
never been contradicted. They say, the duumvir's companion on the
plank was a Jew- "
  "A Jew!" echoed Messala.
  "And a slave."
  "How, Drusus? A slave?"
  "When the two were lifted to the deck, the duumvir was in his
tribune's armour, and the other in the vesture of a rower."
  Messala arose from leaning against the table.
  "A galley"- he checked the debasing word, and looked around, for
once in his life at loss. Just then a procession of slaves filed
into the room, some with great jars of wine, others with baskets of
fruit and confections, others again with cups and flagons, mostly
silver. There was inspiration in the sight. Instantly Messala
climbed upon a stool.
  "Men of the Tiber," he said, in a clear voice, "Let us turn this
waiting for our chief into a feast of Bacchus. Whom choose ye for
master?"
  Drusus arose.
  "Who shall be master but the giver of the feast?" he said.
"Answer, Romans."
  They gave their reply in a shout.
  Messala took the chaplet from his head, gave it to Drusus, who
climbed upon the table, and, in the view of all, solemnly replaced it,
making Messala master of the night.
  "There came with me into the room," he said, "some friends just
risen from table. That our feast may have the approval of sacred
custom, bring hither that one of them most overcome by wine."
  A din of voices answered, "Here he is, here he is!"
  And from the floor where he had fallen a youth was brought
forward, so effeminately beautiful he might have passed for the
drinking-god himself- only the crown would have dropped from his head,
and the thyrsus from his hand.
  "Lift him upon the table," the master said.
  It was found he could not sit.
  "Help him, Drusus, as the fair Nyone may yet help thee."
  Drusus took the inebriate in his arms.
  Then addressing the limp figure, Messala said, amidst profound
silence, "O Bacchus I greatest of the gods, be thou propitious
to-night. And for myself, and these thy votaries, I vow this chaplet"-
and from his head he raised it reverently- "I vow this chaplet to
thy altar in the Grove of Daphne."
  He bowed, replaced the crown upon his locks, then stooped and
uncovered the dice, saying, with a laugh, "See, my Drusus, by the
ass of Silenus, the denarius is mine!"
  There was a shout that set the floor to quaking, and the grim
Atlantes to dancing, and the orgies began.
                        CHAPTER XIII.
                 A DRIVER FOR ILDERIM'S ARABS.

  SHEIK ILDERIM was a man of too much importance to go about with a
small establishment. He had a reputation to keep with his tribe,
such as became a prince and patriarch of the greatest following in all
the desert east of Syria; with the people of the cities he had another
reputation, which was that of one of the richest personages not a king
in all the East; and, being rich in fact- in money as well as in
servants, camels, horses, and flocks of all kinds- he took pleasure in
a certain state, which, besides magnifying his dignity with strangers,
contributed to his personal pride and comfort. Wherefore the reader
must not be misled by the frequent reference to his tent in the
Orchard of Palms. He had there really a respectable dowar; that is
to say, he had there three large tents- one for himself, one for
visitors, one for his favourite wife and her women; and six or eight
lesser ones, occupied by his servants and such tribal retainers as
he had chosen to bring with him as a body-guard- strong men of
approved courage, and skilful with bow, spear, and horses.
  To be sure, his property of whatever kind was in no danger at the
Orchard; yet as the habits of a man go with him to town not less
than the country, and as it is never wise to slip the bands of
discipline, the interior of the dowar was devoted to his cows, camels,
goats, and such property in general as might tempt a lion or a thief.
  To do him full justice, Ilderim kept well all the customs of his
people, abating none, not even the smallest; in consequence his life
at the Orchard was a continuation of his life in the desert; nor
that alone, it was a fair reproduction of the old patriarchal modes-
the genuine pastoral life of primitive Israel.
  Recurring to the morning the caravan arrived at the Orchard-
"Here, plant it here," he said, stopping his horse, and thrusting a
spear into the ground. "Door to the south; the lake before it thus;
and these, the children of the desert, to sit under at the
going-down of the sun."
  At the last words he went to a group of three great palm-trees,
and patted one of them as he would have patted his horse's neck, or
the cheek of the child of his love.
  Who but the sheik could of right say to the caravan, Halt! or of the
tent, Here be it pitched? The spear was wrested from the ground, and
over the wound it had riven in the sod the base of the first pillar of
the' tent was planted, marking the centre of the front door. Then
eight others were planted- in all, three rows of pillars, three in a
row. Then, at call, the women and children came, and unfolded the
canvas from its packing on the camels. Who might do this but the
women? Had they not sheared the hair from the brown goats of the
flock? and twisted it into thread? and woven the thread into cloth?
and stitched the cloth together, making the perfect roof, dark-brown
in fact, though in the distance black as the tents of Kedar? And,
finally, with what jests and laughter, and pulls altogether, the
united following of the sheik stretched the canvas from pillar to
pillar, driving the stakes and fastening the cords as they went? And
when the walls of open reed matting were put in place- the
finishing-touch to the building after the style of the desert- with
what hush of anxiety they waited the good man's judgment? When he
walked in and out, looking at the house in connection with the sun,
the trees, and the lake, and said, rubbing his hands with might of
heartiness, "Well done! Make the dowar now as ye well know, and
to-night we will sweeten the bread with arrack, and the milk with
honey, and at every fire there shall be a kid. God with ye! Want of
sweet water there shall not be, for the take is our well; neither
shall the bearers of burden hunger, or the least of the flock, for
here is green pasture also. God with you all, my children! Go."
  And, shouting, the many happy went their ways then to pitch their
own habitations. A few remained to arrange the interior for the sheik;
and of these the men-servants hung a curtain to the central row of
pillars, making two apartments; the one on the right sacred to Ilderim
himself, the other sacred to his horses- his jewels of Solomon-
which they led in, and with kisses and love-taps set at liberty.
Against the middle pillar they then erected the arms-rack, and
filled it with javelins and spears, and bows, arrows, and shields;
outside of them hanging the master's sword, modelled after the new
moon; and the glitter of its blade rivalled the glitter of the
jewels bedded in its grip. Upon one end of the rack they hung the
housings of the horses, gay some of them as the livery of a king's
servant, while on the other end they displayed the great man's
wearing-apparel- his robes woollen and robes linen, his tunics and
trousers, and many coloured kerchiefs for the head. Nor did they
give over the work until he pronounced it well.
  Meantime the women drew out and set up the divan, more indispensable
to him than the beard down-flowing over his breast, white as
Aaron's. They put a frame together in shape of three sides of a
square, the opening to the door, and covered it with cushions and base
curtains, and the cushions with a changeable spread striped brown
and yellow; at the corners they placed pillows and bolsters sacked
in cloth blue and crimson; then around the divan they laid a margin of
carpet, and the inner space they carpeted as well; and when the carpet
was carried from the opening of the divan to the door of the tent,
their work was done; whereupon they again waited until the master said
it was good. Nothing remained then but to bring and fill the jars with
water, and hang the skin bottles of arrack ready for the hand-
to-morrow the leben. Nor might an Arab see why Ilderim should not be
both happy and generous- in his tent by the lake of sweet waters,
under the palms of the Orchard of Palms.
  Such was the tent at the door of which we left Ben-Hur.
  Servants were already waiting the master's direction. One of them
took off his sandals; another unlatched Ben-Hur's Roman shoes; then
the two exchanged their dusty outer garments for fresh ones of white
linen.
  "Enter- in God's name, enter, and take thy rest," said the host,
heartily, in the dialect of the Market-place of Jerusalem; forthwith
he led the way to the divan.
  "I will sit here," he said next, pointing; "and there the stranger."
  A woman- in the old time she would have been called a handmaid-
answered, and dexterously piled the pillows and bolsters as rests
for the back; after which they sat upon the side of the divan, while
water was brought fresh from the lake, and their feet bathed and dried
with napkins.
  "We have a saying in the desert," Ilderim began, gathering his
beard, and combing it with his slender fingers, "that a good
appetite is the promise of a long life. Hast thou such?"
  "By that rule, good sheik, I will live a hundred years. I am a
hungry wolf at thy door," Ben-Hur replied.
  "Well, thou shalt not be sent away like a wolf. I will give thee the
best of the flocks."
  Ilderim clapped his hands.
  "Seek the stranger in the guest-tent, and say I, Ilderim, send him a
prayer that his peace may be as incessant as the flowing of waters."
  The man in waiting bowed.
  "Say, also," Ilderim continued, "that I have returned with another
for breaking of bread; and, if Balthasar the wise careth to share
the loaf, three may partake of it, and the portion of the birds be
none the less."
  The second servant went away.
  "Let us take our rest now."
  Thereupon Ilderim settled himself upon the divan, as at this day
merchants sit on their rugs in the bazaars of Damascus; and when
fairly at rest, he stopped combing his beard, and said, gravely, "That
thou art my guest, and hast drunk my leben, and art about to taste
my salt, ought not to forbid a question: Who art thou?"
  "Sheik Ilderim," said Ben-Hur, calmly enduring his gaze, "I pray
thee not to think me trifling with thy just demand; but was there
never a time in thy life when to answer such a question would have
been a crime to thyself?"
  "By the splendour of Solomon, yes!" Ilderim answered. "Betrayal of
self is at times as base as the betrayal of a tribe."
  "Thanks, thanks, good sheik!" Ben-Hur exclaimed. "Never answer
became thee better. Now I know thou dost but seek assurance to justify
the trust I have come to ask, and that such assurance is of more
interest to thee than the affairs of my poor life."
  The sheik in his turn bowed, and Ben-Hur hastened to pursue his
advantage.
  "So it please thee then," he said, "first, I am not a Roman, as
the name given thee as mine implieth."
  Ilderim clasped the beard overflowing his breast, and gazed at the
speaker with eyes faintly twinkling through the shade of the heavy
close-drawn brows.
  "In the next place," Ben-Hur continued, "I am an Israelite of the
tribe of Judah."
  The sheik raised his brows a little.
  "Nor that merely. Sheik, I am a Jew with a grievance against Rome
compared with which thine is not more than a child's trouble."
  The old man combed his beard with nervous haste, and let fall his
brows until even the twinkle of the eyes went out.
  "Still further: I swear to thee, Sheik Ilderim- I swear by the
covenant the Lord made with my fathers- so thou but give me the
revenge I seek, the money and the glory of the race shall be thine."
  Ilderim's brows relaxed; his head arose; his face began to beam; and
it was almost possible to see the satisfaction taking possession of
him.
  "Enough!" he said. "If at the roots of thy tongue there is a lie
in coil, Solomon himself had not been safe against thee. That thou art
not a Roman- that as a Jew thou hast a grievance against Rome, and
revenge to compass, I believe; and on that score enough. But as to thy
skill. What experience hast thou in racing with chariots? And the
horses- canst thou make them creatures of thy will?- to know thee?
to come at call? to go, if thou sayest it, to the last extreme of
breath and strength? and then, in the perishing moment, out of the
depths of thy life thrill them to one exertion the mightiest of all?
The gift, my son, is not to every one. Ah, by the splendour of God!
I knew a king who governed millions of men, their perfect master,
but could not win the respect of a horse. Mark! I speak not of the
dull brutes whose round it is to slave for slaves- the debased in
blood and image- the dead in spirit; but of such as mine here- the
kings of their kind; of a lineage reaching back to the broods of the
first Pharaoh; my comrades and friends, dwellers in tents, whom long
association with me has brought up to my plane; who to their instincts
have added our wits, and. to their senses joined our souls, until they
feel all we know of ambition, love, hate, and contempt; in war,
heroes; in trust, faithful as women. Ho, there!"
  A servant came forward.
  "Let my Arabs come!"
  The man drew aside part of the division curtain of the tent,
exposing to view a group of horses, who lingered a moment where they
were as if to make certain of the invitation.
  "Come!" Ilderim said to them. "Why stand ye there? What have I
that is not yours? Come, I say!"
  They stalked slowly in.
  "Son of Israel," the master said, "thy Moses was a mighty man,
but- ha, ha, ha!- I must laugh when I think of his allowing thy
fathers the plodding ox and the dull, slow-natured ass, and forbidding
them property in horses. Ha, ha, ha! Thinkest thou he would have
done so had he seen that one- and that- and this?" At the word he laid
his hand upon the face of the first to reach him, and patted it with
infinite pride and tenderness.
  "It is a misjudgment, sheik, a misjudgment," Ben-Hur said, warmly.
"Moses was a warrior as well as a lawgiver beloved by God; and to
follow war- ah, what is it but to love all its creatures- these
among the rest?"
  A head of exquisite turn- with large eyes, soft as a deer's, and
half hidden by the dense forelock, and small ears, sharp-pointed and
sloped well forward- approached then quite to his breast, the nostrils
open, and the upper lip in motion. "Who are you?" it asked, plainly as
ever man spoke. Ben-Hur recognized one of the four racers he had
seen on the course, and gave his open hand to the beautiful brute.
  "They will tell you, the blasphemers!- may their days shorten as
they grow fewer!"- the sheik spoke with the feeling of a man repelling
a personal defamation- "they will tell you, I say, that our horses
of the best blood are derived from the Nesaean pastures of Persia. God
gave the first Arab a measureless waste of sand, with some treeless
mountains, and here and there a well of bitter waters; and said to
him, 'Behold thy country!' And when the poor man complained, the
Mighty One pitied him, and said again, 'Be of cheer for I will twice
bless thee above other men.' The Arab heard, and gave thanks, and with
faith set out to find the blessings. He travelled all the boundaries
first, and failed; then he made a path into the desert, and went on
and on- and in the heart of the waste there was an island of green
very beautiful to see; and in the heart of the island, lo! a herd of
camels, and another of horses! He took them joyfully and kept them
with care for what they were- best gifts of God. And from that green
isle went forth all the horses of the earth; even to the pastures of
Nesaea they went; and northward to the dreadful vales perpetually
threshed by blasts from the Sea of Chill Winds. Doubt not the story;
or if thou dost, may never amulet have charm for an Arab again. Nay, I
will give thee proof."
  He clapped his hands.
  "Bring me the records of the tribe," he said to the servant who
responded.
  While waiting, the sheik played with the horses, patting their
cheeks, combing their forelocks with his fingers, giving each one a
token of remembrance. Presently six men appeared with chests of
cedar reinforced by bands of brass, and hinged and bolted with brass.
  "Nay," said Ilderim, when they were all set down by the divan, "I
meant not all of them; only the records of the horses- that one.
Open it and take back the others."
  The chest was opened, disclosing a mass of ivory tablets strung on
rings of silver wire; and as the tablets were scarcely thicker than
wafers, each ring held several hundreds of them.
  "I know," said Ilderim, taking some of the rings in his hand- "I
know with what care and zeal, my son, the scribes of the Temple in the
Holy City keep the names of the newly born, that every son of Israel
may trace his line of ancestry to its beginning, though it antedate
the patriarchs. My fathers- may the recollection of them be green
forever!- did not think it sinful to borrow the idea, and apply it
to their dumb servants. See these tablets!"
  Ben-Hur took the rings, and separating the tablets saw they bore
rude hieroglyphs in Arabic, burned on the smooth surface by a sharp
point of heated metal.
  "Canst thou read them, O son of Israel?"
  "No. Thou must tell me their meaning."
  "Know thou, then, each tablet records the name of a foal of the pure
blood born to my fathers through the hundreds of years passed; and
also the names of sire and dam. Take them, and note their age, that
thou mayst the more readily believe."
  Some of the tablets were nearly worn away. All were yellow with age.
  "In the chest there, I can tell thee now, I have the perfect
history; perfect because certified as history seldom is- showing of
what stock all these are sprung- this one, and that now supplicating
thy notice and caress; and as they come to us here, their sires,
even the furthest removed in time, came to my sires, under a tent-roof
like this of mine, to eat their measure of barley from the open
hand, and be talked to as children; and as children kiss the thanks
they have not speech to express. And now, O son of Israel, thou
mayst believe my declaration- if I am a lord of the desert, behold
my ministers! Take them from me, and I become as a sick man left by
the caravan to die. Thanks to them, age hath not diminished the terror
of me on the highways between cities; and it will not while I have
strength to go with them. Ha, ha, ha! I could tell thee marvels done
by their ancestors. In a favouring time I may do so; for the
present, enough that they were never overtaken in retreat; nor, by the
sword of Solomon, did they ever fail in pursuit! That, mark you, on
the sands and under saddle; but now- I do not know- I am afraid, for
they are under yoke the first time, and the conditions of success
are so many. They have the pride and the speed and the endurance. If I
find them a master, they will win. Son of Israel! so thou art the man,
I swear it shall be a happy day that brought thee hither. Of thyself
now speak."
  "I know now," said Ben-Hur, "why it is that in the love of an Arab
his horse is next to his children; and I know, also, why the Arab
horses are the best in the world; but, good sheik, I would not have
you judge me by words alone; for, as you know, all promises of men
sometimes fail. Give me the trial first on some plain hereabout, and
put the four into my hand to-morrow."
  Ilderim's face beamed again, and he would have spoken.
  "A moment, good sheik, a moment!" said Ben-Hur. "Let me say further.
From the masters in Rome I learned many lessons, little thinking
they would serve me in a time like this. I tell thee these thy sons of
the desert, though they have separately the speed of eagles and the
endurance of lions, will fail if they are not trained to run
together under the yoke. For bethink thee, sheik, in every four
there is one the slowest and one the swiftest; and while the race is
always to the slowest, the trouble is always with the swiftest. It was
so to-day; the driver could not reduce the best to harmonious action
with the poorest. My trial may have no better result; but if so, I
will tell thee of it: that I swear. Wherefore, in the same spirit I
say, can I get them to run together, moved by my will, the four as
one, thou shalt have the sistertii and the crown, and I my revenge.
What sayest thou?"
  Ilderim listened, combing his beard the while. At the end he said,
with a laugh, "I think better of thee, son of Israel. We have a saying
in the desert, 'If you will cook the meal with words, I will promise
an ocean of butter.' Thou shalt have the horses in the morning."
  At that moment there was a stir at the rear entrance to the tent.
  "The supper- it is here! and yonder my friend Balthasar, whom thou
shalt know. He hath a story to tell which an Israelite should never
tire of hearing."
  And to the servants he added,
  "Take the records away, and return my jewels to their apartment."
  And they did as he ordered.
                        CHAPTER XIV.
              THE DOWAR IN THE ORCHARD OF PALMS.

  IF the reader will return now to the repast of the wise men at their
meeting in the desert, he will understand the preparations for the
supper in Ilderim's tent. The differences were chiefly such as were
incident to ampler means and better service.
  Three rugs were spread on the carpet within the space so nearly
enclosed by the divan; a table not more than a foot in height was
brought and set within the same place, and covered with a cloth. Off
to one side a portable earthenware oven was established under the
presidency of a woman whose duty it was to keep the company in
bread, or, more precisely, in hot cakes of flour from the hand-mills
grinding with constant sound in a neighbouring tent.
  Meanwhile, Balthasar was conducted to the divan, where Ilderim and
Ben-Hur received him standing. A loose black gown covered his
person; his step was feeble, and his whole movement slow and cautious,
apparently dependent upon a long staff and the arm of a servant.
  "Peace to you, my friend," said Ilderim, respectfully. "Peace and
welcome."
  The Egyptian raised his head and replied, "And to thee, good
sheik- to thee and thine, peace and the blessing of the One God-
God, the true and loving."
  The manner was gentle and devout, and impressed Ben-Hur with a
feeling of awe; besides which the blessing included in the answering
salutation had been partly addressed to him, and while that part was
being spoken, the eyes of the aged guest, hollow yet luminous,
rested upon his face long enough to stir an emotion new and
mysterious, and so strong that he again and again during the repast
scanned the much wrinkled and bloodless face for its meaning; but
always there was the expression bland, placid, and trustful as a
child's. A little later he found that expression habitual.
  "This is he, O Balthasar," said the sheik, laying his hand on
Ben-Hur's arm, "who will break bread with us this evening."
  The Egyptian glanced at the young man, and looked again, surprised
and doubting; seeing which the sheik continued, "I have promised him
my horses for trial to-morrow; and if all goes well, he will drive
them in the Circus."
  Balthasar continued his gaze.
  "He came well recommended," Ilderim pursued, much puzzled. "You
may know him as the son of Arrius, who was a noble Roman sailor,
though"- the sheik hesitated, then resumed, with a laugh- "though he
declares himself an Israelite of the tribe of Judah; and, by the
splendour of God, I believe that he tells me!"
  Balthasar could no longer withhold explanation.
  "To-day, O most generous sheik, my life was in peril, and would have
been lost had not a youth, the counterpart of this one- if, indeed, he
be not the very same- intervened when all others fled, and saved
me." Then he addressed Ben-Hur directly, "Art thou not he?"
  "I cannot answer so far," Ben-Hur replied, with modest deference. "I
am he who stopped the horses of the insolent Roman when they were
rushing upon thy camel at the Fountain of Castalia. Thy daughter
left a cup with me."
  From the bosom of his tunic he produced the cup, and gave it to
Balthasar.
  A glow lighted the faded countenance of the Egyptian.
  "The Lord sent thee to me at the Fountain to-day," he said, in a
tremulous voice, stretching his hand towards Ben-Hur; "and he sends
thee to me now. I give him thanks; and praise him thou, for of his
favour I have wherewith to give thee great reward, and I will. The cup
is thine; keep it."
  Ben-Hur took back the gift, and Balthasar, seeing the inquiry upon
Ilderim's face, related the occurrence at the Fountain.
  "What!" said the sheik to Ben-Hur. "Thou saidst nothing of this to
me, when better recommendation thou couldst not have brought. Am I not
an Arab, and sheik of my tribe of tens of thousands? And is not he
my guest? And is it not in my guest-bond that the good or evil thou
dost him is good or evil done to me? Whither shouldst thou go for
reward but here? And whose the hand to give it but mine?"
  His voice at the end of the speech rose to cutting shrillness.
  "Good sheik, spare me, I pray. I came not for reward, great or
small; and that I may be acquitted of the thought, I say the help I
gave this excellent man would have been given as well to thy
humblest servant."
  "But he is my friend, my guest- not my servant; and seest thou not
in the difference the favour of Fortune?" Then to Balthasar the
sheik subjoined, "Ah, by the splendour of God! I tell thee again he is
not a Roman."
  With that he turned away, and gave attention to the servants,
whose preparations for the supper were about complete.
  The reader who recollects the history of Balthasar as given by
himself at the meeting in the desert, will understand the effect of
Ben-Hur's assertion of disinterestedness upon that worthy. In his
devotion to men there had been, it will be remembered, no
distinctions; while the redemption which had been promised him in
the way of reward- the redemption for which he was waiting- was
universal. To him, therefore, the assertion sounded somewhat like an
echo of himself. He took a step nearer Ben-Hur, and spoke to him in
the childlike way.
  "How did the sheik say I should call you? It was a Roman name, I
think."
  "Arrius, the son of Arrius."
  "Yet thou art not a Roman?"
  "All my people were Jews."
  "Were, saidst thou? Are they not living?"
  The question was subtle as well as simple; but Ilderim saved Ben-Hur
from reply.
  "Come," he said to them, "the meal is ready."
  Ben-Hur gave his arm to Balthasar, and conducted him to the table,
where shortly they were all seated on their rugs, Eastern fashion. The
lavers were brought them, and they washed and dried their hands;
then the sheik made a sign, the servants stopped, and the voice of the
Egyptian arose, tremulous with holy feeling-
  "Father of All- God! What we have is of thee; take our thanks, and
bless us, that we may continue to do thy will."
  It was the grace the good man had said simultaneously with his
brethren Gaspar the Greek and Melchior the Hindoo, the utterance in
diverse tongues out of which had come the miracle attesting the Divine
Presence at the meal in the desert years before.
  The table to which they immediately addressed themselves was, as may
be thought, rich in the substantials and delicacies favourite in the
East- in cakes hot from the oven, vegetables from the gardens, meats
singly, compounds of meats and vegetables, milk of kine, and honey and
butter- all eaten or drunk, it should be remarked, without any of
the modern accessories- knives, forks, spoons, cups, or plates; and in
this part of the repast but little was said, for they were hungry. But
when the dessert was in course it was otherwise. They laved their
hands again, had the lap-cloths shaken out, and with a renewed table
and the sharp edge of their appetites gone, they were disposed to talk
and listen.
  With such a company- an Arab, a Jew, and an Egyptian, all
believers alike in one God- there could be at that age but one subject
of conversation; and of the three, which should be speaker but he to
whom the Deity had been so nearly a personal appearance, who had
seen him in a star, had heard his voice in direction, had been led
so far and so miraculously by his Spirit? And of what should he talk
but that of which he had been called to testify?
                        CHAPTER XV.
                BALTHASAR IMPRESSES BEN-HUR.

  THE shadows cast over the Orchard of Palms by the mountains at set
of sun left no sweet margin time of violet sky and drowsing earth
between the day and night. The latter came early and swift; and
against its glooming in the tent this evening the servants brought
four candlesticks of brass, and set them by the corners of the
table. To each candlestick there were four branches, and on each
branch a lighted silver lamp and a supply cup of olive-oil. In light
ample, even brilliant, the group at dessert continued their
conversation, speaking in the Syriac dialect, familiar to all
peoples in that part of the world.
  The Egyptian told his story of the meeting of the three in the
desert, and agreed with the sheik that it was in December,
twenty-seven years before, when he and his companions fleeing from
Herod arrived at the tent praying shelter. The narrative was heard
with intense interest; even the servants lingering when they could
to catch its details. Ben-Hur received it as became a man listening to
a revelation of deep concern to all humanity, and to none of more
concern than the people of Israel. In his mind, as we shall
presently see, there was crystalizing an idea which was to change
his course of life, if not absorb it absolutely.
  As the recital proceeded, the impression made by Balthasar upon
the young Jew increased; at its conclusion, his feeling was too
profound to permit a doubt of its truth; indeed, there was nothing
left him desirable in the connection but assurances, if such were to
be had, pertaining exclusively to the consequences of the amazing
event.
  And now there is wanting an explanation which the very discerning
may have heretofore demanded; certainly it can be no longer delayed.
Our tale begins, in point of date not less than fact, to trench
close upon the opening of the ministry of the Son of Mary, whom we
have seen but once since this same Balthasar left him worshipfully
in his mother's lap in the cave by Bethlehem. Henceforth to the end
the mysterious Child will be a subject of continual reference; and
slowly though surely the current of events with which we are dealing
will bring us nearer and nearer to him, until finally we see him a
man- we would like, if armed contrariety of opinion would permit it,
to add- A MAN WHOM THE WORLD COULD NOT DO WITHOUT. Of this
declaration, apparently so simple, a shrewd mind inspired by faith
will make much- and in welcome. Before his time, and since, there have
been men indispensable to particular people and periods; but his
indispensability was to the whole race, and for all time- a respect in
which it is unique, solitary, divine.
  To Sheik Ilderim the story was not new. He had heard it from the
three wise men together under circumstances which left no room for
doubt; he had acted upon it seriously, for the helping a fugitive
escape from the anger of the first Herod was dangerous. Now one of the
three sat at his table again, a welcome guest and revered friend.
Sheik Ilderim certainly believed the story; yet, in the nature of
things, its mighty central fact could not come home to him with the
force and absorbing effect it came to Ben-Hur. He was an Arab, whose
interest in the consequences was but general; on the other hand,
Ben-Hur was an Israelite and a Jew, with more than a special
interest in- if the solecism can be pardoned- the truth of the fact.
He laid hold of the circumstance with a purely Jewish mind.
  From his cradle, let it be remembered, he had heard of the
Messiah; at the colleges he had been made familiar with all that was
known of that Being at once the hope, the fear, and the peculiar glory
of the chosen people; the prophets from the first to the last of the
heroic line foretold him; and the coming had been, and yet was, the
theme of endless exposition with the rabbis- in the synagogues, in the
schools, in the Temple, of fast-days and feast-days, in public and
in private, the national teachers expounded and kept expounding
until all the children of Abraham wherever their lots were cast bore
the Messiah in expectation, and by it literally, and with iron
severity, ruled and moulded their lives.
  Doubtless, it will be understood from this that there was much
argument among the Jews themselves about the Messiah, and so there
was; but the disputation was all limited to one point, and one only-
when would he come?
  Disquisition is for the preacher; whereas the writer is but
telling a tale, and that he may not lose his character, the
explanation he is making requires notice merely of a point connected
with the Messiah about which the unanimity among the chosen people was
matter of marvellous astonishment: he was to be, when come, the KING
OF THE JEWS- their political King, their Caesar. By their
instrumentality he was to make armed conquest of the earth, and
then, for their profit and in the name of God, hold it down forever.
On this faith, dear reader, the Pharisees or Separatists- the latter
being rather a political term- in the cloisters and around the
altars of the Temple, built an edifice of hope far overtopping the
dream of the Macedonian. His but covered the earth; theirs covered the
earth and filled the skies; that is to say, in their bold boundless
fantasy of blasphemous egotism, God the Almighty was in effect to
suffer them for their uses to nail him by the ear to a door in sign of
eternal servitude.
  Returning directly to Ben-Hur, it is to be observed now that there
were two circumstances in his life the result of which had been to
keep him in a state comparatively free from the influence and hard
effects of the audacious faith of his Separatist countrymen.
  In the first place, his father followed the faith of the
Sadducees. who may, in a general way, be termed the Liberals of
their time. They had some loose opinions in denial of the soul. They
were strict constructionists and rigorous observers of the Law as
found in the books of Moses; but they held the vast mass of Rabbinical
addenda to those books in derisive contempt. They were
unquestionably a sect, yet their religion was more a philosophy than a
creed; they did not deny themselves the enjoyments of life, and saw
many admirable methods and productions among the Gentile divisions
of the race. In politics they were the active opposition of the
Separatists. In the natural order of things, these circumstances and
conditions, opinions and peculiarities, would have descended to the
son as certainly and really as any portion of his father's estate;
and, as we have seen, he was actually in course of acquiring them,
when the second saving event overtook him.
  Upon a youth of Ben-Hur's mind and temperament the influence of five
years of affluent life in Rome can be appreciated best by recalling
that the great city was then, in fact, the meeting-place of the
nations- their meeting-place politically and commercially, as well
as for the indulgence of pleasure without restraint. Round and round
the golden mile-stone in front of the Forum- now in gloom of
eclipse, now in unapproachable splendour- flowed all the active
currents of humanity. If excellence of manner, refinements of society,
attainments of intellect, and glory of achievement made no
impression upon him, how could he, as the son of Arrius, pass day
after day, through a period so long, from the beautiful villa near
Misenum into the receptions of Caesar, and be wholly uninfluenced by
what he saw there of kings, princes, ambassadors, hostages, and
delegates, suitors all of them from every known land, waiting humbly
the yes or no which was to make or unmake them? As mere assemblages,
to be sure, there was nothing to compare with the gatherings at
Jerusalem in celebration of the Passover; yet when he sat, under the
purple velaria of the Circus Maximus, one of three hundred and fifty
thousand spectators, he must have been visited by the thought that
possibly there might be some branches of the family of man worthy
divine consideration, if not mercy, though they were of the
uncircumcised- some, by their sorrows, and, yet worse, by their
hopelessness in the midst of sorrows, fitted for brotherhood in the
promises to his countrymen.
  That he should have had such a thought under such circumstances
was but natural; we think so much, at least, will be admitted: but
when the reflection came to him, and he gave himself up to it, he
could not have been blind to a certain distinction. The wretchedness
of the masses, and their hopeless condition, had no relation
whatever to religion; their murmurs and groans were not against
their gods or for want of gods. In the oak-woods of Britain the Druids
held their followers; Odin and Freya maintained their godships in Gaul
and Germany and among the Hyperboreans; Egypt was satisfied with her
crocodiles and Anubis; the Persians were yet devoted to Ormuzd and
Ahriman, holding them in equal honour; in hope of the Nirvana, the
Hindoos moved on patient as ever in the rayless paths of Brahm; the
beautiful Greek mind, in pauses of philosophy, still sang the heroic
gods of Homer; while in Rome nothing was so common and cheap as
gods. According to whim, the masters of the world, because they were
masters, carried their worship and offerings indifferently from
altar to altar, delighted in the pandemonium they had erected. Their
discontent, if they were discontented, was with the number of gods;
for, after borrowing all the divinities of the earth, they proceeded
to deify their Caesars, and vote them altars and holy service. No, the
unhappy condition was not from religion, but misgovernment and
usurpations and countless tyrannies. The Avernus men had been
tumbled into, and were praying to be relieved from, was terribly but
essentially political. The supplication- everywhere alike, in Lodinum,
Alexandria, Athens, Jerusalem- was for a king to conquer with, not a
god to worship.
  Studying the situation after two thousand years, we can see and
say that religiously there was no relief from the universal
confusion except some God could prove himself a true God, and a
masterful one, and come to the rescue; but the people of the time,
even the discerning and philosophical, discovered no hope except in
crushing Rome; that done, the relief would follow in restorations
and reorganizations; therefore they prayed, conspired, rebelled,
fought, and died, drenching the soil to-day with blood, to-morrow with
tears- and always with the same result.
  It remains to be said now that Ben-Hur was in agreement with the
mass of men of his time not Romans. The five years' residence in the
capital served him with opportunity to see and study the miseries of
the subjugated world; and in full belief that the evils which
afflicted it were political, and to be cured only by the sword, he was
going forth to fit himself for a part in the day of resort to the
heroic remedy. By practice of arms he was a perfect soldier; but war
has its higher fields, and he who would move successfully in them must
know more than to defend with shield and thrust with spear. In those
fields the general finds his tasks, the greatest of which is the
reduction of the many into one, and that one himself; the consummate
captain is a fighting man armed with an army. This conception
entered into the scheme of life to which he was further swayed by
the reflection that the vengeance he dreamed of, in connection with
his individual wrongs, would be more surely found in some of the
ways of war than in any pursuit of peace.
  The feelings with which he listened to Balthasar can be now
understood. The story touched two of the most sensitive points of
his being so they rang within him. His heart beat fast- and faster
still when, searching himself, he found not a doubt either that the
recital was true in every particular, or that the Child so
miraculously found was the Messiah. Marvelling much that Israel rested
so dead to the revelation, and that he had never heard of it before
that day, two questions presented themselves to him as centring all it
was at that moment further desirable to know-
  Where was the Child then?
  And what was his mission?
  With apologies for the interruptions, he proceeded to draw out the
opinions of Balthasar, who was in nowise loath to speak.
                        CHAPTER XVI.
                 CHRIST IS COMING- BALTHASAR.

  "IF I could answer you," Balthasar said, in his simple, earnest,
devout way- "oh, if I knew where he is, how quickly I would go to him!
The seas should not stay me, nor the mountains."
  "You have tried to find him, then?" asked Ben-Hur.
  A smile flitted across the face of the Egyptian.
  "The first task I charged myself with after leaving the shelter
given me in the desert!"- Balthasar cast a grateful look at Ilderim-
"was to learn what became of the Child. But a year had passed, and I
dared not go up to Judea in person, for Herod still held the throne
bloody-minded as ever. In Egypt, upon my return, there were a few
friends to believe the wonderful things I told them of what I had seen
and heard- a few who rejoiced with me that a Redeemer was born- a
few who never tired of the story. Some of them came up for me
looking after the Child. They went first to Bethlehem, and found there
the khan and the cave; but the steward- he who sat at the gate the
night of the birth, and the night we came following the star- was
gone. The king had taken him away, and he was no more seen."
  "But they found some proofs, surely," said Ben-Hur, eagerly.
  "Yes, proofs written in blood- a village in mourning; mothers yet
crying for their little ones. You must know, when Herod heard of our
flight, he sent down and slew the youngest-born of the children of
Bethlehem. Not one escaped. The faith of my messengers was
confirmed; but they came to me saying the Child was dead, slain with
the other innocents."
  "Dead!" exclaimed Ben-Hur, aghast. "Dead, sayest thou?"
  "Nay, my son, I did not say so. I said they, my messengers told me
the Child was dead. I did not believe the report then; I do not
believe it now."
  "I see- thou hast some special knowledge."
  "Not so, not so," said Balthasar, dropping his gaze. "The Spirit was
to go with us no farther than to the Child. When we came out of the
cave, after our presents were given and we had seen the babe, we
looked first thing for the star; but it was gone, and we knew we
were left to ourselves. The last inspiration of the Holy One- the last
I can recall- was that which sent us to Ilderim for safety."
  "Yes," said the sheik, fingering his beard nervously. "You told me
you were sent to me by a Spirit- I remember it."
  "I have no special knowledge," Balthasar continued, observing the
dejection which had fallen upon Ben-Hur; "but, my son, I have given
the matter much thought- thought continuing through years, inspired by
faith, which, I assure you, calling God for witness, is as strong.
in me now as in the hour I heard the Spirit calling me by the shore of
the lake. If you will listen to me, I will tell you why I believe
the Child is living."
  Both Ilderim and Ben-Hur looked assent, and appeared to summon their
faculties that they might understand as well as hear. The interest
reached the servants, who drew near to the divan, and stood listening.
Throughout the tent there was the profoundest silence.
  "We three believe in God."
  Balthasar bowed his head as he spoke.
  "And he is the Truth," he resumed. "His word is God. The hills may
turn to dust, and the seas be drunk dry by south winds, but his word
shall stand, because it is the Truth."
  The utterance was in a manner inexpressibly solemn.
  "The voice, which was his, speaking to me by the lake, said,
'Blessed art thou, O son of Mizraim! The Redemption cometh. With two
others from the remoteness of the earth thou shalt see the Saviour.' I
have seen the Saviour- blessed be his name!- but the Redemption, which
was the second part of the promise, is yet to come. Seest thou now? If
the Child be dead, there is no agent to bring the Redemption about,
and the word is naught, and God- nay, I dare not say it!"
  He threw up both hands in horror.
  "The Redemption was the work for which the Child was born; and so
long as the promise abides, not even death can separate him from his
work until it is fulfilled, or at least in the way of fulfillment.
Take you that now as one reason for my belief; then give me further
attention."
  The good man paused.
  "Wilt thou not taste the wine? It is at thy hand- see," said
Ilderim, respectfully.
  Balthasar drank, and, seeming refreshed, continued-
  "The Saviour I saw was born of woman, in nature like us, and subject
to all our ills- even death. Let that stand as the first
proposition. Consider next the work set apart to him. Was it not a
performance for which only a man is fitted?- a man wise, firm,
discreet- a man, not a child? To become such he had to grow as we
grow. Bethink you now of the dangers his life was subject to in the
interval- the long interval between childhood and maturity. The
existing powers were his enemies; Herod was his enemy; and what
would Rome have been? And as for Israel- that he should not be
accepted by Israel was the motive for cutting him off. See you now?
What better way was there to take care of his life in the helpless
growing time than by passing him into obscurity? Wherefore I say to
myself, and to my listening faith, which is never moved except by
yearning of love- I say he is not dead, but lost; and, his work
remaining undone, he will come again. There you have the reasons for
my belief. Are they not good?"
  Ilderim's small Arab eyes were bright with understanding, and
Ben-Hur, lifted from his dejection, said heartily, "I, at least, may
not gainsay them. What further, pray?"
  "Hast thou not enough, my son? Well," he began, in calmer tone,
"seeing that the reasons were good- more plainly, seeing it was
God's will that the Child should not be found- I settled my faith into
the keeping of patience, and took to waiting." He raised his eyes,
full of holy trust, and broke off abstractedly- "I am waiting now.
He lives, keeping well his mighty secret. What though I cannot go to
him, or name the hill or the vale of his abiding-place? He lives- it
may be as the fruit in blossom, it may be as the fruit just
ripening; but by the certainty there is in the promise and reason of
God, I know he lives."
  A thrill of awe struck Ben-Hur- a thrill which was but the dying
of his half-formed doubt.
  "Where thinkest thou he is?" he asked in a low voice, and
hesitating, like one who feels upon his lips the pressure of a
sacred silence.
  Balthasar looked at him kindly, and replied, his mind not entirely
freed from its abstraction-
  "In my house on the Nile, so close to the river that the
passers-by in boats see it and its reflection in the water at the same
time- in my house, a few weeks ago, I sat thinking. A man thirty years
old, I said to myself, should have his fields of life all ploughed,
and his planting well done; for after that it is summer-time, with
space scarce enough to ripen his sowing. The Child, I said further, is
now twenty-seven- his time to plant must be at hand. I asked myself,
as you here asked me, my son, and answered by coming hither, as to a
good resting-place close by the land they fathers had from God.
Where else should he appear, if not in Judea? In what city should he
begin his work, if not in Jerusalem? Who should be first to receive
the blessings he is to bring, if not the children of Abraham, Isaac,
and Jacob; in love, at least, the children of the Lord? If I were
bidden go seek him, I would search well the hamlets and villages on
the slopes of the mountains of Judea and Galilee falling eastwardly
into the valley of the Jordan. He is there now. Standing in a door
or on a hill-top, only this evening he saw the sun set one day
nearer the time when he himself shall become the light of the world."
  Balthasar ceased, with his hand raised and finger pointing as if
at Judea. All the listeners, even the dull servants outside the divan,
affected by his fervour, were startled as if by a majestic presence
suddenly apparent within the tent. Nor did the sensation die away at
once: of those at the table, each sat awhile thinking. The spell was
finally broken by Ben-Hur.
  "I see, good Balthasar," he said, "that thou hast been much and
strangely favoured. I see, also, that thou art a wise man indeed. It
is not in my power to tell how grateful I am for the things thou
hast told me. I am warned of the coming of great events, and borrow
somewhat from thy faith. Complete the obligation, I pray thee, by
telling further of the mission of him for whom thou art waiting, and
for whom from this night I too shall wait as becomes a believing son
of Judah. He is to be a Saviour, thou saidst; is he not to be King
of the Jews also?"
  "My son," said Balthasar, in his benignant way, "the mission is
yet a purpose in the bosom of God. All I think about it is wrung
from the words of the Voice in connection with the prayer to which
they were in answer. Shall we refer to them again?"
  "Thou art the teacher."
  "The cause of my disquiet," Balthasar began, calmly- "that which
made me a preacher in Alexandria and in the villages of the Nile; that
which drove me at last into the solitude where the Spirit found me-
was the fallen condition of men, occasioned, as I believed, by loss of
the knowledge of God. I sorrowed for the sorrows of my kind- not of
one class, but all of them. So utterly were they fallen it seemed to
me there could be no Redemption unless God himself would make it his
work; and I prayed him to come, and that I might see him. 'Thy good
works have conquered. The Redemption cometh; thou shalt see the
Saviour'- thus the Voice spake; and with the answer I went up to
Jerusalem rejoicing. Now, to whom is the Redemption? To all the world.
And how shall it be? Strengthen thy faith, my son! Men say, I know,
that there will be no happiness until Rome is razed from her hills.
That is to say, the ills of the time are not, as I thought them,
from ignorance of God, but from the misgovernment of rulers. Do we
need to be told that human governments are never for the sake of
religion? How many kings have you heard of who were better than
their subjects? Oh no, no! The Redemption cannot be for a political
purpose- to pull down rulers and powers, and vacate their places
merely that others may take and enjoy them. If that were all of it,
the wisdom of God would cease to be surpassing. I tell you, though
it be but the saying of blind to blind, he that comes is to be a
Saviour of souls; and the Redemption means God once more on earth, and
righteousness, that his stay here may be tolerable to himself."
  Disappointment showed plainly on Ben-Hur's face- his head drooped;
and if he was not convinced, he yet felt himself incapable that moment
of disputing the opinion of the Egyptian. Not so Ilderim.
  "By the splendour of God!" he cried, impulsively, "the judgment does
away with all custom. The ways of the world are fixed, and cannot be
changed. There must be a leader in every community clothed with power,
else there is no reform."
  Balthasar received the burst gravely.
  "Thy wisdom, good sheik, is of the world; and thou dost forget
that it is from the ways of the world we are to be redeemed. Man as
a subject is the ambition of a king; the soul of a man for its
salvation is the desire of a God."
  Ilderim, though silenced, shook his head, unwilling to believe.
Ben-Hur took up the argument for him.
  "Father- I call thee such by permission," he said- "for whom wert
thou required to ask at the gates of Jerusalem?"
  The sheik threw him a grateful look.
  "I was to ask of the people," said Balthasar, quietly, "Where is
he that is born King of the Jews?"
  "And you saw him in the cave by Bethlehem?"
  "We saw and worshipped him, and gave him presents- Melchoir, gold;
Gaspar, frankincense; and I, myrrh."
  "When thou dost speak of fact, O father, to hear thee is to
believe," said Ben-Hur; "but in the matter of opinion, I cannot
understand the kind of king thou wouldst make of the Child- I cannot
separate the ruler from his powers and duties."
  "Son," said Balthasar, "we have the habit of studying closely the
things which chance to lie at our feet, giving but a look at the
greater objects in the distance. Thou seest now but the title- King of
the Jews; wilt thou lift thine eyes to the mystery beyond it, the
stumbling-block will disappear. Of the title, a word. Thy Israel
hath seen better days- days in which God called they people
endearingly his people, and dealt with them through prophets. Now,
if in those days he promised them the Saviour I saw- promised him as
King of the Jews- the appearance must be according to the promise,
if only for the word's sake. Ah, thou seest the reason of my
question at the gate!- thou seest, and I will no more of it, but
pass on. It may be, next, thou art regarding the dignity of the Child;
if so, bethink thee- what is it to be a successor of Herod?- by the
world's standard of honour, what? Could not God better by his beloved?
If thou canst think of the Almighty Father in want of a title, and
stooping to borrow the inventions of men, why was I not bidden ask for
a Caesar at once? Oh, for the substance of that whereof we speak, look
higher, I pray thee! Ask rather of what he whom we await shall be
king; for I do tell, my son, that is the key to the mystery, which
no man shall understand without the key."
  Balthasar raised his eyes devoutly.
  "There is a kingdom on the earth, though it is not of it- a
kingdom of wider bounds than the earth- wider than the sea and the
earth, though they are rolled together as finest gold and spread by
the beating of hammers. Its existence is a fact as our hearts are
facts, and we journey through it from birth to death without seeing
it; nor shall any man see it until he hath first known his own soul;
for the kingdom is not for him, but for his soul. And in its
dominion there is glory such as hath not entered imagination-
original, incomparable, impossible of increase."
  "What thou sayest, father, is a riddle to me," said Ben-Hur. "I
never heard of such a kingdom."
  "Nor did I," said Ilderim.
  "And I may not tell more of it," Balthasar added, humbly dropping
his eye's. "What it is, what it is for, how it may be reached, none
can know until the Child comes to take possession of it as his own. He
brings the key of the viewless gate, which he will open for his
beloved, among whom will be all who love him, for of such only the
redeemed will be."
  After that there was a long silence, which Balthasar accepted as the
end of the conversation.
  "Good sheik," he said, in his placid way, "to-morrow or the next day
I will go up to the city for a time. My daughter wishes to see the
preparations for the games. I will speak further about the time of our
going. And, my son, I will see you again. To you both, peace, and good
night."
  They all arose from the table. The sheik and Ben-Hur remained
looking after the Egyptian until he was conducted out of the tent.
  "Sheik Ilderim," said Ben-Hur then, "I have heard strange things
to-night. I pray to walk by the lake that I may think of them."
  "Go; and I will come after you."
  They washed their hands again; after which, at a sign from the
master, a servant brought Ben-Hur his shoes, and directly he went out.
                        CHAPTER XVII.
             THE KINGDOM- SPIRITUAL OR POLITICAL?

  UP a little way from the dowar there was a cluster of palms, which
threw its shades half in the water, half on the land. A bulbul sang
from the branches a song of invitation. Ben-Hur stopped beneath to
listen. At any other time the notes of the bird would have driven
thought away; but the story of the Egyptian was a burden of wonder and
he was a labourer carrying it, and like other labourers, there was
to him no music in the sweetest music until mind and body were happily
attuned at rest.
  The night was quiet. Not a ripple broke upon the shore. The old
stars of the old East were all out, each in its accustomed place;
and there was summer everywhere- on land, on lake, in the sky.
  Ben-Hur's imagination was heated, his feelings aroused, his will all
unsettled.
  So the palms, the sky, the air, seemed to him of the far south
zone into which Balthasar had been driven by despair for men; the
lake, with its motionless surface, was a suggestion of the Nilotic
mother by which the good man stood praying when the Spirit made its
radiant appearance. Had all these accessories of the miracle come to
Ben-Hur? or had he been transferred to them? And what if the miracle
should be repeated- and to him? He feared, yet wished, and even waited
for the vision. When at last his feverish mood was cooled,
permitting him to become himself, he was able to think.
  His scheme of life has been explained. In all reflection about it
heretofore there had been one hiatus which he had not been able to
bridge or fill up- one so broad he could see but vaguely to the
other side of it. When, finally, he was graduated a captain as well as
a soldier, to what object should he address his efforts? Revolution he
contemplated, of course; but the processes of revolution have always
been the same, and to lead men into them there have always been
required, first, a cause or pretence to enlist adherents; second, an
end, or something as a practical achievement. As a rule he fights well
who has wrongs to redress; but vastly better fights he who, with
wrongs as a spur, has also steadily before him a glorious result in
prospect- a result in which he can discern balm for wounds,
compensation for valour, remembrance and gratitude in the event of
death.
  To determine the sufficiency of either the cause or the end, it
was needful that Ben-Hur should study the adherents to whom he
looked when all was ready for action. Very naturally, they were his
countrymen. The wrongs of Israel were to every son of Abraham, and
each one was a cause vastly holy, vastly inspiring.
  Aye, the cause was there; but the end- what should it be?
  The hours and days he had given this branch of his scheme were
past calculation- all with the same conclusion- a dim, uncertain
general idea of national liberty. Was it sufficient? He could not
say no, for that would have been the death of his hope; he shrank from
saying yes, because his judgment taught him better. He could not
assure himself even that Israel was able single-handed to successfully
combat Rome. He knew the resources of that great enemy; he knew her
art was superior to her resources. A universal alliance might suffice,
but, alas! that was impossible, except- and upon the exception how
long and earnestly he had dwelt!- except a hero would come from one of
the suffering nations, and by martial successes accomplish a renown to
fill the whole earth. What glory to Judea could she prove the
Macedonia of the new Alexander! Alas, again! Under the rabbis valour
was possible, but not discipline. And then the taunt of Messala in the
garden of Herod- "All you conquer in the six days, you lose on the
seventh."
  So it happened he never approached the chasm thinking to surmount
it, but he was beaten back; and so incessantly had he failed in the
object that he had about given it over, except as a thing of chance.
The hero might be discovered in his day, or he might not. God only
knew. Such his state of mind, there need be no lingering upon the
effect of Malluch's skeleton recital of the story of Balthasar. He
heard it with a bewildering satisfaction- a feeling that here was
the solution of the trouble- here was the requisite hero found at
last; and he a son of the Lion tribe, and King of the Jews! Behind the
hero, lo! the world in arms.
  The king implied a kingdom; he was to be a warrior glorious as
David, a ruler wise and magnificent as Solomon; the kingdom was to
be a power against which Rome was to dash itself to pieces. There
would be colossal war, and the agonies of death and birth- then peace,
meaning, of course, Judean dominion forever.
  Ben-Hur's heart beat hard as for an instant he had a vision of
Jerusalem the capital of the world, and Zion, the site of the throne
of the Universal Master.
  It seemed to the enthusiast rare fortune that the man who had seen
the king was at the tent to which he was going. He could see him
there, and hear him, and learn of him what all he knew of the coming
change, especially all he knew of the time of its happening. If it
were at hand, the campaign with Maxentius should be abandoned; and
he would go and set about organizing and arming the tribes, that
Israel might be ready when the great day of the restoration began to
break.
  Now, as we have seen, from Balthasar himself Ben-Hur had the
marvellous story. Was he satisfied?
  There was a shadow upon him deeper than that of the cluster of
palms- the shadow of a great uncertainty, which- take note, O reader I
which pertained more to the kingdom than the king.
  "What of this kingdom? And what is it to be?" Ben-Hur asked
himself in thought.
  Thus early arose the questions which were to follow the Child to his
end, and survive him on earth- incomprehensible in his day, a
dispute in this- an enigma to all who do not or cannot understand that
every man is two in one- a deathless Soul and a mortal Body.
  "What is it to be?" he asked.
  For us, O reader, the Child himself has answered; but for Ben-Hur
there were only the words of Balthasar, "On the earth, yet not of
it- not for men, but for their souls- a dominion, nevertheless, of
unimaginable glory."
  What wonder the hapless youth found the phrases but the darkening of
a riddle?
  "The hand of man is not in it," he said, despairingly. "Nor has
the king of such a kingdom use for men; neither toilers, nor
councillors, nor soldiers. The earth must die or be made anew, and for
government new principles must be discovered- something besides
armed hands- something in place of Force. But what?"
  Again, O reader!
  That which we will not see, he could not. The power there is in Love
had not yet occurred to any man; much less had one come saying
directly that for government and its objects- peace and order- Love is
better and mightier than Force.
  In the midst of his reverie a hand was laid upon his shoulder.
  "I have a word to say, O son of Arrius," said Ilderim, stopping by
his side- "a word, and then I must return, for the night is going."
  "I give you welcome, sheik."
  "As to the things you have heard but now," said Ilderim, almost
without pause, "take in belief all save that relating to the kind of
kingdom the Child will set up when he comes; as to so much keep virgin
mind until you hear Simonides the merchant- a good man here in
Antioch, to whom I will make you known. The Egyptian gives you coinage
of his dreams which are too good for the earth; Simonides is wiser; he
will ring you the sayings of your prophets, giving book and page, so
you cannot deny that the Child will be King of the Jews in fact-
aye, by the splendour of God I a king as Herod was, only better and
far more magnificent. And then, see you, we will taste the sweetness
of vengeance. I have said. Peace to you!"
  "Stay- sheik!"
  If Ilderim heard his call, he did not stay.
  "Simonides again!" said Ben-Hur, bitterly. "Simonides here,
Simonides there; from this one now, then from that! I am like to be
well ridden by my father's servant, who knows at least to hold fast
that which is mine; wherefore he is richer, if indeed he be not wiser,
than the Egyptian. By the covenant! it is not to the faithless a man
should go to find a faith to keep- and I will not. But, hark! singing-
and the voice a woman's- or an angel's! It comes this way."
  Down the lake towards the dowar came a woman singing. Her voice
floated along the hushed water melodious as a flute, and louder
growing each instant. Directly the dipping of oars was heard in slow
measure; a little later the words were distinguishable- words in
purest Greek, best fitted of all the tongues of the day for the
expression of passionate grief.

                      THE LAMENT.
                      (Egyptian.)

           "I sigh as I sing for the story land
               Across the Syrian sea.
           The odorous winds from the musky sand
               Were breaths of life to me.
           They play with the plumes of the whispering palm
               For me, alas! no more;
           Nor more does the Nile in the moonlit calm
               Moan past the Memphian shore.

           O Nilus! thou god of my fainting soul!
               In dreams thou comest to me;
           And, dreaming, I play with the lotus bowl,
               And sing old songs to thee;
           And hear from afar the Memnonian strain,
               And calls from dear Simbel;
           And wake to a passion of grief and pain
               That e'er I said- Farewell!"

  At the conclusion of the song the singer was past the cluster of
palms. The last word- farewell- floated past Ben-Hur weighted with all
the sweet sorrow of parting. The passing of the boat was as the
passing of a deeper shadow into the deeper night.
  Ben-Hur drew a long breath hardly distinguishable from a sigh.
  "I know her by the song- the daughter of Balthasar. How beautiful it
was! And how beautiful is she!"
  He recalled her large eyes curtained slightly by the drooping
lids, the cheeks oval and rosy rich, the lips full and deep with
dimpling in the corners, and all the grace of the tall lithe figure.
  "How beautiful she is!" he repeated.
  And his heart made answer by a quickening of its movement.
  Then, almost the same instant, another face, younger and quite as
beautiful- more childlike and tender, if not so passionate- appeared
as if held up to him out of the lake.
  "Esther!" he said, smiling. "As I wished, a star has been sent to
me."
  He turned, and passed slowly back to the tent.
  His life had been crowded with griefs and with vengeful
preparations- too much crowded for love. Was this the beginning of a
happy change?
  And if the influence went with him into the tent, whose was it?
  Esther had given him a cup.
  So had the Egyptian.
  And both had come to him at the same time under the palms.
  Which?
                       BOOK FIFTH.

         "Only the actions of the just
          Smell sweet and blossom in the dust."
                                         -SHIRLEY.

         "And, through the heat of conflict, keeps the law,
          In calmness made, and sees what he foresaw."
                                               -WORDSWORTH.

                        CHAPTER I.
                MESSALA DOFFS HIS CHAPLET.

  THE morning after the bacchanalia in the saloon of the palace, the
divan was covered with young patricians. Maxentius might come, and the
city throng to receive him; the legion might descend from Mount
Sulpius in glory of arms and armour; from Nymphaeum to Omphalus
there might be ceremonial splendours to shame the most notable ever
before seen or heard of in the gorgeous East; yet would the many
continue to sleep ignominiously on the divan where they had fallen
or been carelessly tumbled by the indifferent slaves; that they
would be able to take part in the reception that day was about as
possible as for the lay-figures in the studio of a modern artist to
rise and go bonneted and plumed through the one, two, three of a
waltz.
  Not all, however, who participated in the orgie were in the shameful
condition. When dawn began to peer through the skylights of the
saloon, Messala arose, and took the chaplet from his head, in sign
that the revel was at end; then he gathered his robe about him, gave a
last look at the scene, and, without a word, departed for his
quarters. Cicero could not have retired with more gravity from a
night-long senatorial debate.
  Three hours afterwards two couriers entered his room, and from his
own hand received each a despatch, sealed and in duplicate, and
consisting chiefly of a letter to Valerius Gratus, the procurator,
still resident in Caesarea. The importance attached to the speedy
and certain delivery of the paper may be inferred. One courier was
to proceed overland, the other by sea; both were to make the utmost
haste.
  It is of great concern now that the reader should be fully
informed of the contents of the letter thus forwarded, and it is
accordingly given:-

                                           "ANTIOCH, XII. Kal. Jul.
                   "Messala to Gratus.

  "O my Midas!
  "I pray thou take no offence at the address, seeing it is one of
love and gratitude, and an admission that thou art most fortunate
among men; seeing, also, that thy ears are as they were derived from
thy mother, only proportionate to thy matured condition.
  "O my Midas!
  "I have to relate to thee an astonishing event, which, though as yet
somewhat in the field of conjecture, will, I doubt not, justify thy
instant consideration.
  "Allow me first to revive thy recollection. Remember, a good many
years ago, a family of a prince of Jerusalem, incredibly ancient and
vastly rich- by name Ben-Hur. If thy memory have a limp or ailment
of any kind, there is, if I mistake not, a wound on thy head which may
help thee to a revival of the circumstance.
  "Next, to arouse thy interest. In punishment of the attempt upon thy
life- for dear repose of conscience, may all the gods forbid it should
ever prove to have been an accident!- the family were seized and
summarily disposed of, and their property confiscated. And inasmuch, O
my Midas! as the action had the approval of our Caesar, who was as
just as he was wise- be there flowers upon his altars forever!-
there should be no shame in referring to the sums which were
realized to us respectively from that source, for which it is not
possible I can ever cease to be grateful to thee, certainly not
while I continue, as at present, in the uninterrupted enjoyment of the
part which fell to me.
  "In vindication of thy wisdom- a quality for which, as I am now
advised, the son of Gordius, to whom I have boldly likened thee, was
never distinguished among men or gods- I recall further that thou
didst make disposition of the family of Hur, both of us at the time
supposing the plan hit upon to be the most effective possible for
the purposes in view, which were silence and delivery over to
inevitable but natural death. Thou wilt remember what thou didst
with the mother and sister of the malefactor; yet, if now I yield to a
desire to learn whether they be living or dead, I know, from knowing
the amiability of thy nature, O my Gratus, that thou wilt pardon me as
one scarcely less amiable than thyself.
  "As more immediately essential to the present business, however, I
take the liberty of inviting to thy remembrance that the actual
criminal was sent to the galleys a slave for life- so the precept ran;
and it may serve to make the event which I am about to relate the more
astonishing by saying here that I saw and read the receipt for his
body delivered in course to the tribune commanding a galley.
  "Thou mayst begin now to give me more especial heed, O my most
excellent Phrygian!
  "Referring to the limit of life at the oar, the outlaw thus justly
disposed of should be dead, or, better speaking, some one of the three
thousand Oceanides should have. taken him to husband at least five
years ago. And if thou wilt excuse a momentary weakness, O most
virtuous and tender of men! inasmuch as I loved him in childhood,
and also because he was very handsome- I used in much admiration to
call him my Ganymede- he ought in right to have fallen into the arms
of the most beautiful daughter of the family. Of opinion, however,
that he was certainly dead, I have lived quite five years in calm
and innocent enjoyment of the fortune for which I am in a degree
indebted to him. I make the admission of indebtedness without
intending it to diminish my obligation to thee.
  "Now I am at the very point of interest.
  "Last night, while acting as master of the feast for a party just
from Rome- their extreme youth and inexperience appealed to my
compassion- I heard a singular story. Maxentius, the consul, as you
know, comes to-day to conduct a campaign against the Parthians. Of the
ambitious who are to accompany him there is one, a son of the late
duumvir Quintus Arrius. I had occasion to inquire about him
particularly. When Arrius set out in pursuit of the pirates, whose
defeat gained him his final honours, he had no family; when he
returned from the expedition, he brought back with him an heir. Now be
thou composed as becomes the owner of so many talents in ready
sestertia! The son and heir of whom I speak is he whom thou didst send
to the galleys- the very Ben-Hur who should have died at his oar
five years ago- returned now with fortune and rank, and possibly as
a Roman citizen, too.- Well, thou art too firmly seated to be alarmed,
but I, O my Midas! I am in danger- no need to tell thee of what. Who
should know, if thou dost not?
  "Sayst thou to all this, tut-tut?
  "When Arrius, the father, by adoption, of this apparition from the
arms of the most beautiful of the Oceanides (see above my opinion of
what she should be), joined battle with the pirates, his vessel was
sunk, and but two of all her crew escaped drowning- Arrius himself,
and this one, his heir.
  "The officers who took them from the plank on which they were
floating say the associate of the unfortunate tribune was a young
man who, when lifted to the deck, was in the dress of a galley slave.
  "This should be convincing, to say least; but lest thou say
tut-tut again, I tell thee. O my Midas! that yesterday, by good
chance- I have a vow to Fortune in consequence- I met the mysterious
son of Arrius face to face; and I declare now that, though I did not
then recognize him, he is the very Ben-Hur who was for years my
playmate; the very Ben-Hur who, if he be a man, though of the
commonest grade, must this very moment of my writing be thinking of
vengeance- for so would I were I he- vengeance not to be satisfied
short of life; vengeance for country, mother, sister, self, and- I say
it last, though thou mayst think it should be first- for fortune lost.
  "By this time, O good my benefactor and friend! my Gratus! in
consideration of thy sesteria in peril, their loss being the worst
which could befall one of thy high estate- I quit calling thee after
the foolish old King of Phrygia- by this time, I say (meaning after
having read me so far), I have faith to believe thou hast ceased
saying tut-tut, and art ready to think what ought to be done in such
emergency.
  "It were vulgar to ask thee now what shall be done. Rather let me
say I am thy client; or, better yet, thou art my Ulysses whose part it
is to give me sound direction.
  "And I please myself thinking I see thee when this letter is put
into thy hand. I see thee read it once, thy countenance all gravity,
and then again with a smile; then, hesitation ended, and thy
judgment formed, it is this, or it is that; wisdom like Mercury's,
promptitude like Caesar's.
  "The sun is now fairly risen. An hour hence two messengers will
depart from my door, each with a sealed copy hereof; one of them
will go by land, the other by sea, so important do I regard it that
thou shouldst be early and particularly informed of the appearance
of our enemy in this part of our Roman world.
  "I will await thy answer here.
  "Ben-Hur's going and coming will of course be regulated by his
master, the consul, who, though he exert himself without rest day
and night, cannot get away under a month. Thou knowest what work it is
to assemble and provide for an army destined to operate in a desolate,
townless country.
  "I saw the Jew yesterday in the Grove of Daphne; and if he be not
there now, he is certainly in the neighbourhood, making it easy for me
to keep him in eye. Indeed, wert thou to ask me where he is now, I
should say, with the most positive assurance, he is to be found at the
Orchard of Palms, under the tent of the traitor Sheik Ilderim, who
cannot long escape our strong hand. Be not surprised if Maxentius,
as his first measure, places the Arab on ship for forwarding to Rome.
  "I am so particular about the whereabouts of the Jew because it will
be important to thee, O illustrious! when thou comest to consider what
is to be done; for already I know, and by the knowledge I flatter
myself I am growing in wisdom, that in every scheme involving human
action there are three elements always to be taken into account- time,
place, and agency.
  "If thou sayest this is the place, have thou then no hesitancy in
trusting the business to thy most loving friend, who would be thy
aptest scholar as well.
                                                         "MESSALA."
                        CHAPTER II.
              ILDERIM'S ARABS UNDER THE YOKE.

  ABOUT the time the couriers departed from Messala's door with the
despatches (it being yet the early morning hour), Ben-Hur entered
Ilderim's tent. He had taken a plunge into the lake, and
breakfasted, and appeared now in an under-tunic, sleeveless, and
with skirt scarcely reaching to the knee.
  The sheik saluted him from the divan.
  "I give thee peace, son of Arrius," he said, with admiration, for,
in truth, he had never seen a more perfect illustration of glowing,
powerful, confident manhood. "I give thee peace and good-will. The
horses are ready, I am ready. And thou?"
  "The peace thou givest me, good sheik, I give thee in return. I
thank thee for so much good-will. I am ready."
  Ilderim clapped his hands.
  "I will have the horses brought. Be seated."
  "Are they yoked?"
  "No."
  "Then suffer me to serve myself," said Ben-Hur. "It is needful
that I make the acquaintance of thy Arabs. I must know them by name, O
sheik, that I may speak to them singly; nor less must I know their
temper, for they are like men: if bold, the better of scolding; if
timid, the better of praise and flattery. Let the servants bring me
the harness."
  "And the chariot?" asked the sheik.
  "I will let the chariot alone to-day. In its place, let them bring
me a fifth horse, if thou hast it; he should be barebacked, and
fleet as the others."
  Ilderim's wonder was aroused, and he summoned a servant immediately.
  "Bid them bring the harness for the four," he said; "the harness for
the four, and the bridle for Sirius."
  Ilderim then arose.
  "Sirius is my love, and I am his, O son of Arrius. We have been
comrades for twenty years- in tent, in battle, in all stages of the
desert we have been comrades. I will show him to you."
  Going to the division curtain, he held it, while Ben-Hur passed
under. The horses came to him in a body. One with a small head,
luminous eyes, neck like the segment of a bended bow, and mighty
chest, curtained thickly by a profusion of mane soft and wavy as a
damsel's locks, nickered low and gladly at sight of him.
  "Good horse," said the sheik, patting the dark-brown cheek. "Good
horse, good-morning." Turning then to Ben-Hur, he added, "This is
Sirius, father of the four here. Mira, the mother, awaits our
return, being too precious to be hazarded in a region where there is a
stronger hand than mine. And much I doubt," he laughed as he spoke-
"much I doubt, O son of Arrius, if the tribe could endure her absence.
She is their glory; they worship her; did she gallop over them, they
would laugh. Ten thousand horsemen, sons of the desert, will ask
to-day, 'Have you heard of Mira?' And to the answer, 'She is well,'
they will say, 'God is good! blessed be God!'"
  "Mira- Sirius- names of stars, are they not, O sheik?" asked
Ben-Hur, going to each of the four, and to the sire, offering his
hand.
  "And why not?" replied Ilderim "Wert thou ever abroad on the
desert at night?"
  "No."
  "Then thou canst not know how much we Arabs depend upon the stars.
We borrow their names in gratitude, and give them in love. My
fathers all had their Miras, as I have mine; and these children are
stars no less. There, see thou, is Rigel, and there Antares; that
one is Atair, and he whom thou goest to now is Aldebaran, the youngest
of the brood, but none the worse of that- no, not he! Against the wind
he will carry thee till it roar in thy ears like Akaba; and he will go
where thou sayest, son of Arrius- aye, by the glory of Solomon! he
will take thee to the lion's jaws, if thou darest so much."
  The harness was brought. With his own hands Ben-Hur equipped the
horses; with his own hands he led them out of the tent, and there
attached the reins.
  "Bring me Sirius," he said.
  An Arab could not have better sprung to seat on the courser's back.
  "And now the reins."
  They were given him, and carefully separated.
  "Good sheik," he said, "I am ready. Let a guide go before me to
the field, and send some of thy men with water."
  There was no trouble at starting. The horses were not afraid.
Already there seemed a tacit understanding between them and the new
driver, who had performed his part calmly, and with the confidence
which always begets confidence. The order of going was precisely
that of driving, except that Ben-Hur sat upon Sirius instead of
standing in the chariot. Ilderim's spirit arose. He combed his
beard, and smiled with satisfaction as he muttered, "He is not a
Roman, no, by the splendour of God!" He followed on foot, the entire
tenantry of the dowar- men, women, and children- pouring after him,
participants all in his solicitude, if not in his confidence.
  The field, when reached, proved ample and well fitted for the
training, which Ben-Hur began immediately by driving the four at first
slowly, and in perpendicular lines, and then in wide circles.
Advancing a step in the course, he put them next into a trot; again
progressing, he pushed into a gallop; at length he contracted the
circles, and yet later drove eccentrically here and there, right,
left, forward, and without a break. An hour was thus occupied. Slowing
the gait to a walk, he drove up to Ilderim.
  "The work is done, nothing now but practice," he said. "I give you
joy, Sheik Ilderim, than you have such servants as these. See," he
continued, dismounting and going to the horses, "see, the gloss of
their red coats is without spot; they breathe lightly as when I began.
I give thee great joy, and it will go hard if"- he turned his flashing
eyes upon the old man's face- "if we have not the victory and our- "
  He stopped, coloured, bowed. At the sheik's side he observed, for
the first time, Balthasar, leaning upon his staff, and two women
closely veiled. At one of the latter he looked a second time, saying
to himself, with a flutter about his heart, "'Tis she- 'tis the
Egyptian!" Ilderim picked up his broken sentence-
  "The victory, and our revenge!" Then he said aloud, "I am not
afraid; I am glad. Son of Arrius, thou art the man. Be the end like
the beginning, and thou shalt see of what stuff is the lining of the
hand of an Arab who is able to give."
  "I thank thee, good sheik," Ben-Hur returned, modestly. "Let the
servants bring drink for the horses."
  With his own hands he gave the water.
  Remounting Sirius, he renewed the training, going as before from
walk to trot, from trot to gallop; finally, he pushed the steady
racers into the run, gradually quickening it to full speed. The
performance then became exciting; and there were applause for the
dainty handling of the reins, and admiration for the four, which
were the same, whether they flew forward or wheeled in varying
curvature. In their action there were unity, power, grace, pleasure,
all without effort or sign of labour. The admiration was unmixed
with pity or reproach, which would have been as well bestowed upon
swallows in their evening flight.
  In the midst of the exercises, and the attention they received
from all the bystanders, Malluch came upon the ground, seeking the
sheik.
  "I have a message for you, O sheik," he said, availing himself of
a moment he supposed favourable for the speech- "a message from
Simonides, the merchant."
  "Simonides!" ejaculated the Arab. "'Ah! 'tis well. May Abaddon
take all his enemies."
  "He bade me give thee first the holy peace of God," Malluch
continued; "and then this despatch, with prayer that thou read it
the instant of receipt."
  Ilderim standing in his place, broke the sealing of the package
delivered to him, and from a wrapping of fine linen took two
letters, which he proceeded to read.

                        [No. 1.]

               "Simonides to Sheik Ilderim.

  "O friend!
  "Assure thyself first of a place in my inner heart.
  "Then-
  "There is in thy dowar a youth of fair presence, calling himself the
son of Arrius; and such he is by adoption.
  "He is very dear to me.
  "He hath a wonderful history, which I will tell thee; come thou
to-day or to-morrow, that I may tell thee the history, and have thy
counsel.
  "Meantime, favour all his requests, so they be not against honour.
Should there be need of reparation, I am bound to thee for it.
  "That I have interest in this youth, keep thou private.
  "Remember me to thy other guest. He, his daughter, thyself, and
all whom thou mayst choose to be of thy company, must depend upon me
at the Circus the day of the games. I have seats already engaged.
  "To thee and all thine. peace.
  "What should I be, O friend, but thy friend?
                                                       "SIMONIDES."

                        [No. 2.]

               "Simonides to Sheik Ilderim.

  "O friend!
  "Out of the abundance of my experience, I send you a word.
  "There is a sign which all persons not Romans, and who have moneys
or goods subject to despoilment, accept as warning- that is, the
arrival at a seat of power of some high Roman official charged with
authority.
  "To-day comes the Consul Maxentius.
  "Be thou warned!
  "Another word of advice.
  "A conspiracy, to be of effect against thee, O friend, must
include the Herods as parties; thou hast great properties in their
dominions.
  "Wherefore keep thou watch.
  "Send this morning to thy trusty keepers of the roads leading
south from Antioch, and bid them search every courier going and
coming; if they find private despatches relating to thee or thy
affairs, thou shouldst see them.
  "You should have received this yesterday, though it is not too late,
if you act promptly.
  "If couriers left Antioch this morning, your messengers know the
byways, and can get before them with your orders.
  "Do not hesitate.
  "Burn this after reading.
  "O my friend! thy friend.
                                                       "SIMONIDES."

  Ilderim read the letters a second time, and refolded them in the
linen wrap, and put the package under his girdle.
  The exercises in the field continued but a little longer- in all
about two hours. At their conclusion, Ben-Hur brought the four to a
walk, and drove to Ilderim.
  "With leave, O sheik," he said, "I will return thy Arabs to the
tent, and bring them out again this afternoon."
  Ilderim walked to him as he sat on Sirius, and said, "I give them to
you, son of Arrius, to do with as you will until after the games.
You have done with them in two hours what the Roman- may jackals
gnaw his bones fleshless!- could not in as many weeks. We will win- by
the splendour of God, we will win."
  At the tent Ben-Hur remained with the horses while they were being
cared for; then, after a plunge in the lake and a cup of arrack with
the sheik, whose flow of spirits was royally exuberant, he dressed
himself in his Jewish garb again, and walked with Malluch on into
the Orchard.
  There was much conversation between the two, not all of it
important. One part, however, must not be overlooked. Ben-Hur was
speaking.
  "I will give you," he said, "an order for my property stored in
the khan this side the river by the Seleucian Bridge. Bring it to me
to-day, if you can. And, good Malluch- if I do not overtask you- "
  Malluch protested heartily his willingness to be of service.
  "Thank you, Malluch, thank you," said Ben-Hur. "I will take you at
your word, remembering that we are brethren of the old tribe, and that
the enemy is a Roman. First, then- as you are a man of business, which
I much fear Sheik Ilderim is not- "
  "Arabs seldom are," said Malluch, gravely.
  "Nay, I do not impeach their shrewdness, Malluch. It is well,
however, to look after them. To save all forfeit or hindrance in
connection with the race, you would put me perfectly at rest by
going to the office of the Circus, and seeing that he has complied
with every preliminary rule; and if you can get a copy of the rules,
the service may be of great avail to me. I would like to know the
colours I am to wear, and particularly the number of the crypt I am to
occupy at the starting; if it be next Messala's on the right or
left, it is well; if not, and you can have it changed so as to bring
me next the Roman, do so. Have you good memory, Malluch?"
  "It has failed me but never, son of Arrius, where the heart helped
it as now."
  "I will venture, then, to charge you with one further service. I saw
yesterday that Messala was proud of his chariot, as he might be, for
the best of Caesar's scarcely surpass it. Can you not make its display
an excuse which will enable you to find if it be light or heavy? I
would like to have its exact weight and measurements- and, Malluch,
though you fail in all else, bring me exactly the height his axle
stands above the ground. You understand, Malluch? I do not wish him to
have any actual advantage of me. I do not care for his splendour; if I
beat him, it will make his fall the harder, and my triumph the more
complete. If there are advantages really important, I want them."
  "I see, I see!" said Malluch. "A line dropped from the centre of the
axle is what you want."
  "Thou hast it; and be glad, Malluch- it is the last of my
commissions. Let us return to the dowar."
  At the door of the tent they found a servant replenishing the
smoke-stained bottles of leben freshly made, and stopped to refresh
themselves. Shortly afterwards Malluch returned to the city.
  During their absence a messenger well-mounted had been despatched
with orders as suggested by Simonides. He was an Arab, and carried
nothing written.
                        CHAPTER III.
                   THE ARTS OF CLEOPATRA.

  "IRAS, the daughter of Balthasar, sends me with salutation and a
message," said a servant to Ben-Hur, who was taking his ease in the
tent.
  "Give me the message."
  "Would it please you to accompany her upon the lake?"
  "I will carry the answer myself. Tell her so."
  His shoes were brought him, and in a few minutes Ben-Hur sallied out
to find the fair Egyptian. The shadow of the mountains was creeping
over the Orchard of Palms in advance of night. Afar through the
trees came the tinkling of sheep-bells, the lowing of cattle, and
the voices of the herdsmen bringing their charges home. Life at the
Orchard, it should be remembered, was in all respects as pastoral as
life on the scantier meadows of the desert.
  Sheik Ilderim had witnessed the exercises of the afternoon, being
a repetition of those of the morning; after which he had gone to the
city in answer to the invitation of Simonides; he might return in
the night; but, considering the immensity of the field to be talked
over with his friend, it was hardly possible. Ben-Hur, thus left
alone, had seen his horses cared for; cooled and purified himself in
the lake; exchanged the field garb for his customary vestments, all
white, as became a Sadducean of the pure blood; supped early; and,
thanks to the strength of youth, was well recovered from the violent
exertion he had undergone.
  It is neither wise nor honest to detract from beauty as a quality.
There cannot be a refined soul insensible to its influence. The
story of Pygmalion and his statue is as natural as it is poetical.
Beauty is of itself a power; and it was now drawing Ben-Hur.
  The Egyptian was to him a wonderfully beautiful woman- beautiful
of face, beautiful of form. In his thought she always appeared to
him as he saw her at the fountain; and he felt the influence of her
voice, sweeter because in tearful expression of gratitude to him,
and of her eyes- the large, soft, black, almond-shaped eyes
declarative of her race- eyes which looked more than lies in the
supremest wealth of words to utter; and recurrences of the thought
of her were returns just so frequent of a figure tall, slender,
graceful, refined, wrapped in rich and floating drapery, wanting
nothing but a fitting mind to make her, like the Shulamite, and in the
same sense, terrible as an army with banners. In other words, as she
returned to his fancy, the whole passionate Song of Solomon came
with her, inspired by her presence. With this sentiment and that
feeling, he was going to see if she actually justified them. It was
not love that was taking him, but admiration and curiosity, which
might be the heralds of love.
  The landing was a simple affair, consisting of a short stairway, and
a platform garnished by some lamp-posts; yet at the top of the steps
he paused, arrested by what he beheld.
  There was a shallop resting upon the clear water lightly as an
egg-shell. An Ethiop- the camel-driver at the Castalian fount-
occupied the rower's place, his blackness intensified by a livery of
shining white. All the boat aft was cushioned and carpeted with stuffs
brilliant with Tyrian red. On the rudder seat sat the Egyptian
herself, sunk in Indian shawls and a very vapour of most delicate
veils and scarfs. Her arms were bare to the shoulders; and, not merely
faultless in shape, they had the effect of compelling attention to
them- their pose, their action, their expression; the hands, the
fingers even, seemed endowed with graces and meaning; each was an
object of beauty. The shoulders and neck were protected from the
evening air by an ample scarf, which yet did not hide them.
  In the glance he gave her, Ben-Hur paid no attention to these
details. There was simply an impression made upon him; and, like
strong light, it was a sensation, not a thing of sight or enumeration.
Thy lips are like a thread of scarlet; thy temples are like a piece of
pomegranate within thy locks. Rise up, my love, my fair one, and
come away; for, lo! the winter is past, the rain is over and gone; the
flowers appear on the earth; the time of the singing of birds is come,
and the voice of the turtle is heard in the land- such was the
impression she made upon him translated into words.
  "Come," she said, observing him stop, "come, or I shall think you
a poor sailor."
  The red of his cheek deepened. Did she know anything of his life
upon the sea? He descended to the platform at once.
  "I was afraid," he said, as he took the vacant seat before her.
  "Of what?"
  "Of sinking the boat," he replied, smiling.
  "Wait until we are in deeper water," she said, giving a signal to
the black, who dipped the oars, and they were off.
  If love and Ben-Hur were enemies, the latter was never more at
mercy. The Egyptian sat where he could not but see her; she, whom he
had already engrossed in memory as his ideal of the Shulamite. With
her eyes giving light to his, the stars might come out, and he not see
them; and so they did. The night might fall with unrelieved darkness
everywhere else; her look would make illumination for him. And then,
as everybody knows, given youth and such companionship, there is no
situation in which the fancy takes such complete control as upon
tranquil waters under a calm night sky, warm with summer. It is so
easy at such time to glide imperceptibly out of the commonplace into
the ideal.
  "Give me the rudder," he said.
  "No," she replied, "that were to reverse the relation. Did I not ask
you to ride with me? I am indebted to you, and would begin payment.
You may talk and I will listen, or I will talk and you will listen:
that choice is yours; but it shall be mine to choose where we go,
and the way thither."
  "And where may that be?"
  "You are alarmed again."
  "O fair Egyptian, I but asked you the first question of every
captive."
  "Call me Egypt."
  "I would rather call you Iras."
  "You may think of me by that name, but call me Egypt."
  "Egypt is a country, and means many people."
  "Yes, yes! And such a country!"
  "I see; it is to Egypt we are going."
  "Would we were! I would be so glad."
  She sighed as she spoke.
  "You have no care for me, then," he said.
  "Ah, by that I know you were never there."
  "I never was."
  "Oh, it is the land where there are no unhappy people, the desired
of all the rest of the earth, the mother of all the gods, and
therefore supremely blest. There, O son of Arrius, there the happy
find increase of happiness, and the wretched, going, drink once of the
sweet water of the sacred river, and laugh and sing, rejoicing like
children."
  "Are not the very poor with you there as elsewhere?"
  "The very poor in Egypt are the very simple in wants and ways,"
she replied. "They have no wish beyond enough, and how little that is,
a Greek or a Roman cannot know."
  "But I am neither Greek nor Roman."
  She laughed.
  "I have a garden of roses, and in the midst of it is a tree, and its
bloom is the richest of all. Whence came it, think you?"
  "From Persia, the home of the rose."
  "No."
  "From India, then."
  "No."
  "Ah! one of the isles of Greece."
  "I will tell you," she said; "a traveller found it perishing by
the roadside on the plain of Rephaim."
  "Oh, in Judea!"
  "I put it in the earth left bare by the receding Nile, and the
soft south wind blew over the desert and nursed it, and the sun kissed
it in pity; after which it could not else than grow and flourish. I
stand in its shade now, and it thanks me with much perfume. As with
the roses, so with the men of Israel. Where shall they reach
perfection but in Egypt?"
  "Moses was but one of millions."
  "Nay, there was a reader of dreams. Will you forget him?"
  "The friendly Pharaohs are dead."
  "Ah, yes! The river by which they dwelt sings to them in their
tombs; yet the same sun tempers the same air to the same people."
  "Alexandria is but a Roman town."
  "She has but exchanged sceptres. Caesar took from her that of the
sword, and in its place left that of learning. Go with me to the
Brucheium, and I will show you the college of nations; to the
Serapeion, and see the perfection of architecture; to the Library, and
read the immortals; to the theatre, and hear the heroics of the Greeks
and Hindoos; to the quay, and count the triumphs of commerce;
descend with me into the streets, O son of Arrius, and, when the
philosophers have dispersed, and taken with them the masters of all
the arts, and all the gods have home their votaries, and nothing
remains of the day but its pleasures, you shall hear the stories
that have amused men from the beginning, and the songs which will
never, never die."
  As he listened, Ben-Hur was carried back to the night when, in the
summer-house in Jerusalem, his mother, in much the same poetry of
patriotism, declaimed the departed glories of Israel.
  "I see now why you wish to be called Egypt. Will you sing me a
song if I call you by that name? I heard you last night."
  "That was a hymn of the Nile," she answered, "a lament which I
sing when I would fancy I smell the breath of the desert, and hear the
surge of the dear old river; let me rather give you a piece of the
Indian mind. When we get to Alexandria, I will take you to the
corner of the street where you can hear it from the daughter of the
Ganga, who taught it to me. Kapila, you should know, was one of the
most revered of the Hindoo sages."
  Then, as if it were a natural mode of expression, she began the
song.

                       KAPILA.

                         I.

          "Kapila, Kapila, so young and true,
            I yearn for a glory like thine,
          And hail thee from battle to ask anew
            Can ever thy Valour be mine?

          "Kapila sat on his charger dun,
            A hero never so grave:
          'Who loveth all things hath fear of none,
            'Tis love that maketh me brave.
          A woman gave me her soul one day,
          The soul of my soul to be alway;
            Thence came my Valour to me,
            Go try it- try it- and see.'

                        II.

          "Kapila, Kapila, so old and grey,
            The queen is calling for me;
          But ere I go hence, I wish thou wouldst say,
            How Wisdom first came to thee.
          "Kapila stood in his temple door,
            A priest in eremite guise:
          'It did not come as men get their lore,
            'Tis faith that maketh me wise.
          A woman gave me her heart one day,
          The heart of my heart to be alway;
            Thence came my Wisdom to me,
            Go try it- try it- and see.'"

  Ben-Hur had not time to express his thanks for the song before the
keel of the boat grated upon the underlying sand, and, next moment,
the bow ran upon the shore.
  "A quick voyage, O Egypt!" he cried.
  "And a briefer stay!" she replied, as, with a strong push, the black
sent them shooting into the open water again.
  "You will give me the rudder now."
  "Oh no," said she, laughing. "To you, the chariot; to me, the
boat. We are merely at the lake's end, and the lesson is that I must
not sing any more. Having been to Egypt, let us now go to the Grove of
Daphne."
  "Without a song on the way?" he said, in deprecation.
  "Tell me something of the Roman from whom you saved us yesterday,"
she asked.
  The request struck Ben-Hur unpleasantly.
  "I wish this were the Nile," he said, evasively. "The kings and
queens, having slept so long, might come down from their tombs, and
ride with us."
  "They were of the colossi, and would sink our boat. The pygmies
would be preferable. But tell me of the Roman. He is very wicked, is
he not?"
  "I cannot say."
  "Is he of noble family, and rich?"
  "I cannot speak of his riches."
  "How beautiful his horses were! and the bed of his chariot was gold,
and the wheels ivory. And his audacity! The bystanders laughed as he
rode away; they, who were so nearly under his wheels!"
  She laughed at the recollection.
  "They were rabble," said Ben-Hur, bitterly.
  "He must be one of the monsters who are said to be growing up in
Rome- Apollos ravenous as Cerberus. Does he reside in Antioch?"
  "He is of the East somewhere."
  "Egypt would suit him better than Syria."
  "Hardly," Ben-Hur replied. "Cleopatra is dead."
  That instant the lamps burning before the door of the tent came into
view.
  "The dowar!" she cried.
  "Ah, then, we have not been to Egypt. I have not seen Karnak or
Philae or Abydos. This is not the Nile. I have but heard a song of
India, and been boating in a dream."
  "Philae- Karnak. Mourn rather that you have not seen the Rameses
at Aboo Simbul, looking at which makes it so easy to think of God, the
maker of the heavens and earth. Or why should you mourn at all? Let us
go on to the river; and if I cannot sing"- she laughed- "because I
have said I would not, yet I can tell you stories of Egypt."
  "Go on! Aye, till morning comes, and the evening, and the next
morning!" he said, vehemently.
  "Of what shall my stories be? Of the mathematicians?"
  "Oh no."
  "Of the philosophers?"
  "No, no."
  "Of the magicians and genii?"
  "If you will."
  "Of war?"
  "Yes."
  "Of love?"
  "Yes."
  "I will tell you a cure for love. It is the story of a queen. Listen
reverently. The papyrus from which it was taken by the priests of
Philae was wrested from the hand of the heroine herself. It is correct
in form, and must be true:

                   NE-NE-HOFRA.

                        I.

  "There is no parallelism in human lives.
  "No life runs a straight line.
  "The most perfect life develops as a circle, and terminates in its
beginning, making it impossible to say, This is the commencement, that
the end.
  "Perfect lives are the treasures of God; of great days he wears them
on the ring-finger of his heart hand."

                        II.

  "Ne-ne-hofra dwelt in a house close by Essouan, yet closer to the
first cataract- so close, indeed, that the sound of the eternal battle
waged there between river and rocks was of the place a part.
  "She grew in beauty day by day, so that it was said of her, as of
the poppies in her father's garden, What will she not be in the time
of blooming?
  "Each year of her life was the beginning of a new song more
delightful than any of those which went before.
  "Child was she of a marriage between the North, bounded by the
sea, and the South, bounded by the desert beyond the Luna mountains;
and one gave her its passion, the other its genius; so when they
beheld her, both laughed, saying, not meanly, 'She is mine,' but
generously, 'Ha, ha! she is ours.'
  "All excellences in nature contributed to her perfection and
rejoiced in her presence. Did she come or go, the birds ruffled
their wings in greeting; the unruly winds sank to cooling zephyrs; the
white lotus rose from the water's depth to look at her; the solemn
river loitered on its way; the palm-trees, nodding, shook all their
plumes; and they seemed to say, this one, I gave her of my grace;
that, I gave her of my brightness; the other, I gave her of my purity:
and so each as it had a virtue to give.
  "At twelve, Ne-ne-hofra was the delight of Essouan; at sixteen,
the fame of her beauty was universal; at twenty, there was never a day
which did not bring to her door princes of the desert on swift camels,
and lords of Egypt in gilded barges; and, going away disconsolate,
they reported everywhere, 'I have seen her, and she is not a woman,
but Athor herself.'"

                       III.

  "Now of the three hundred and thirty successors of good King
Menes, eighteen were Ethiopians, of whom Oraetes was one hundred and
ten years old. He had reigned seventy-six years. Under him the
people thrived, and the land groaned with fatness of plenty. He
practised wisdom because, having seen so much, he knew what it was. He
dwelt in Memphis, having there his principal palace, his arsenals, and
his treasure-house. Frequently he went down to Butos to talk with
Latona.
  "The wife of the good king died. Too old was she for perfect
embalmment; yet he loved her, and mourned as the inconsolable;
seeing which, a colchyte presumed one day to speak to him.
  "'O Oraetes, I am astonished that one so wise and great should not
know how to cure a sorrow like this.'
  "'Tell me a cure,' said the king.
  "Three times the colchyte kissed the floor. and then he replied,
knowing the dead could not hear him. 'At Essouan lives Ne-ne-hofra,
beautiful as Athor the beautiful. Send for her. She has refused all
the lords and princes, and I know not how many kings; but who can
say no to Oraetes?'"

                        IV.

  "Ne-ne-hofra descended the Nile in a barge richer than any ever
before seen, attended by an army in barges each but a little less
fine. All Nubia and Egypt, and a myriad from Libya, and a host of
Troglodytes, and not a few Macrobii from beyond the Mountains of the
Moon, lined the tented shores to see the cortege pass, wafted by
perfumed winds and golden oars.
  "Through a dromos of sphinxes and couchant double-winged lions she
was borne, and set down before Oraetes sitting on a throne specially
erected at the sculptured pylon of the palace. He raised her up,
gave her place by his side, clasped the uraeus upon her arm, kissed
her, and Ne-ne-hofra was queen of all queens.
  "That was not enough for the wise Oraetes; he wanted love, and a
queen happy in his love. So he dealt with her tenderly, showing her
his possessions, cities, places, people; his armies, his ships: and
with his own hand he led her through his treasure-house, saying, 'O,
Ne-ne-hofra! but kiss me in love, and they are all thine.'
  "And, thinking she could be happy, if she was not then, she kissed
him once, twice, thrice- kissed him thrice, his hundred and ten
years notwithstanding.
  "The first year she was happy, and it was very short; the third year
she was wretched, and it was very long; then she was enlightened: that
which she thought love of Oraetes was only daze of his power. Well for
her had the daze endured! Her spirits deserted her; she had long
spells of tears, and her women could not remember when they heard
her laugh; of the roses on her cheeks only ashes remained; she
languished and faded gradually, but certainly. Some said she was
haunted by the Erinnyes for cruelty to a lover; others, that she was
stricken, by some god envious of Oraetes. Whatever the cause of her
decline, the charms of the magicians availed not to restore her, and
the prescript of the doctor was equally without virtue. Ne-ne-hofra
was given over to die.
  "Oraetes chose a crypt for her up in the tombs of the queens; and,
calling the master-sculptors and painters to Memphis, he set them to
work upon designs more elaborate than any even in the great
galleries of the dead kings.
  "'O thou beautiful as Athor herself, my queen!' said the king, whose
hundred and thirteen years did not lessen his ardour as a lover, 'tell
me, I pray, the ailment of which, alas! thou art so certainly
perishing before my eyes.'
  "'You will not love me any more if I tell you,' she said, in doubt
and fear.
  "'Not love you! I will love you the more. I swear it, by the genii
of Amente! by the eye of Osiris, I swear it! Speak!' he cried,
passionate as a lover, authoritative as a king.
  "'Hear then,' she said. 'There is an anchorite, the oldest and
holiest of his class, in a cave near Essouan. His name is Menopha.
He was my teacher and guardian. Send for him, O Oraetes, and he will
tell you that you seek to know; he will also help you find the cure
for my affliction.'
  "Oraetes arose rejoicing. He went away in spirit a hundred years
younger than when he came."

                        V.

  "'Speak!' said Oraetes to Menopha, in the palace at Memphis.
  "And Menopha replied, 'Most mighty king, if you were young, I should
not answer, because I am yet pleased with life; as it is, I will say
the queen like any other mortal, is paying the penalty of a crime.'
  "'A crime!' exclaimed Oraetes, angrily.
  "Menopha bowed very low.
  "'Yes; to herself.'
  "'I am not in mood for riddles,' said the king.
  "'What I say is not a riddle, as you shall hear. Ne-ne-hofra grew up
under my eyes, and confided every incident of her life to me; among
others, that she loved the son of her father's gardener, Barbec by
name.'
  "Oraetes' frown, strangely enough, began to dissipate.
  "'With that love in her heart, O king, she came to you; of that love
she is dying.'
  "'Where is the gardener's son now?' asked Oraetes.
  "'In Essouan.'
  "The king went out and gave two orders. To one oeris he said, 'Go to
Essouan and bring hither a youth named Barbec. You will find him in
the garden of the queen's father;' to another, 'Assemble workmen and
cattle and tools, and construct for me in Lake Chemmis an island,
which, though laden with a temple, a palace, and a garden, and all
manner of trees bearing fruit, and all manner of vines, shall
nevertheless float about as the winds may blow it. Make the island,
and let it be fully furnished by the time the moon begins to wane.'
  "Then to the queen he said,
  "'Be of cheer. I know all, and have sent for Barbec.'
  "Ne-ne-hofra kissed his hands.
  "'You shall have him to yourself, and he you to himself; nor shall
any disturb your loves for a year.'
  "She kissed his feet; he raised her, and kissed her in return; and
the rose came back to her cheek, the scarlet to her lips, and the
laugh to her heart."

                        VI.

  "For one year Ne-ne-hofra and Barbec the gardener floated as the
winds blew on the island of Chemmis, which became one of the wonders
of the world; never a home of love more beautiful; one year, seeing no
one and existing for no one but themselves. Then she returned in state
to the palace in Memphis.
  "'Now whom lovest thou best?' asked the king.
  "She kissed his cheek and said, 'Take me back, O good king, for I am
cured.'
  "Oraetes laughed, none the worse, that moment, of his hundred and
fourteen years.
  "'Then it is true, as Menopha said: ha, ha, ha! it is true, the cure
of love is love.'
  "'Even so,' she replied.
  "Suddenly his manner changed, and his look became terrible.
  "'I did not find it so,' he said.
  "She shrank affrighted.
  "'Thou guilty!' he continued. 'Thy offence to Oraetes the man he
forgives; but thy offence to Oraetes the king remains to be punished.'
  "She cast herself at his feet.
  "'Hush!' he cried. 'Thou art dead!'
  "He clapped his hands, and a terrible procession came in- a
procession of parachistes, or embalmers, each with some implement or
material of his loathsome art.
  "The king pointed to Ne-ne-hofra.
  "'She is dead. Do thy work well.'

                       VII.

  "Ne-ne-hofra the beautiful, after seventy-two days, was carried to
the crypt chosen for her the year before, and laid with her queenly
predecessors; yet there was no funeral procession in her honour across
the sacred lake."

  At the conclusion of the story, Ben-Hur was sitting at the
Egyptian's feet, and her hand upon the tiller was covered by his hand.
  "Menopha was wrong," he said.
  "How?"
  "Love lives by loving."
  "Then there is no cure for it?"
  "Yes. Oraetes found the cure."
  "What was it?"
  "Death."
  "You are a good listener, O son of Arrius."
  And so with conversation and stories, they whiled the hours away. As
they stepped ashore, she said,
  "To-morrow we go to the city."
  "But you will be at the games?" he asked.
  "Oh yes."
  "I will send you my colours."
  With that they separated.
                        CHAPTER IV.
                     MESSALA ON GUARD.

  ILDERIM returned to the dowar next day about the third hour. As he
dismounted, a man whom he recognized as of his own tribe came to him
and said, "O sheik, I was bidden give thee this package, with
request that thou read it at once. If there be answer, I was to wait
thy pleasure."
  Ilderim gave the package immediate attention. The seal was already
broken. The address ran, To Valerius Gratus at Caesarea.
  "Abaddon take him!" growled the sheik, at discovering a letter in
Latin.
  Had the missive been in Greek or Arabic, he could have read it; as
it was, the utmost he could make out was the signature in bold Roman
letters- MESSALA- whereat his eyes twinkled.
  "Where is the young Jew?" he asked.
  "In the field with the horses," a servant replied.
  The sheik replaced the papyrus in its envelopes, and, tucking the
package under his girdle, remounted the horse. That moment a
stranger made his appearance, coming, apparently, from the city.
  "I am looking for Sheik Ilderim, surnamed the Generous," the
stranger said.
  His language and attire bespoke him a Roman.
  What he could not read, he yet could speak; so the old Arab
answered, with dignity, "I am Sheik Ilderim."
  The man's eyes fell; he raised them again, and said, with forced
composure, "I heard you had need of a driver for the games."
  Ilderim's lip under the white moustache curled contemptuously.
  "Go thy way," he said. "I have a driver."
  He turned to ride away, but the man, lingering, spoke again.
  "Sheik, I am a lover of horses, and they say you have the most
beautiful in the world."
  The old man was touched; he drew rein, as if on the point of
yielding to the flattery, but finally replied, "Not to-day, not
to-day; some other time I will show them to you. I am too busy just
now."
  He rode to the field, while the stranger betook himself to town
again, with a smiling countenance. He had accomplished his mission.
  And every day thereafter, down to the great day of the games, a man-
sometimes two or three men- came to the sheik at the Orchard,
pretending to seek an engagement as driver.
  In such manner Messala kept watch over Ben-Hur.
                        CHAPTER V.
              ILDERIM AND BEN-HUR DELIBERATE.

  THE sheik waited, well satisfied, until Ben-Hur drew his horses
off the field for the forenoon- well satisfied, for he had seen
them, after being put through all the other paces, run full speed in
such manner that it did not seem there were one the slowest and
another the fastest- run, in other words, as the four were one.
  "This afternoon, O sheik, I will give Sirius back to you." Ben-Hur
patted the neck of the old horse as he spoke. "I will give him back,
and take to the chariot."
  "So soon?" Ilderim asked.
  "With such as these, good sheik, one day suffices. They are not
afraid; they have a man's intelligence, and they love the exercise.
This one," he shook a rein over the back of the youngest of the
four- "you called him Aldebaran, I believe- is the swiftest; in once
round a stadium he would lead the others thrice his length."
  Ilderim pulled his beard, and said, with twinkling eyes,
"Aldebaran is the swiftest; but what of the slowest?"
  "This is he." Ben-Hur shook the rein over Antares. "This is he:
but he will win, for, look you, sheik, he will run his utmost all day-
all day; and, as the sun goes down, he will reach his swiftest."
  "Right again," said Ilderim.
  "I have but one fear, O sheik."
  The sheik became doubly serious.
  "In his greed of triumph, a Roman cannot keep honour pure. In the
games- all of them, mark you- their tricks are infinite; in
chariot-racing their knavery extends to everything- from horse to
driver, from driver to master. Wherefore, good sheik, look well to all
thou hast; from this till the trial is over, let no stranger so much
as see the horses. Would you be perfectly safe, do more- keep watch
over them with armed hand as well as sleepless eye; then I will have
no fear of the end."
  At the door of the tent they dismounted.
  "What you say shall be attended to. By the splendour of God, no hand
shall come near them except it belong to one of the faithful. To-night
I will set watches. But, son of Arrius"- Ilderim drew forth the
package, and opened it slowly, while they walked to the divan and
seated themselves- "son of Arrius, see thou here, and help me with thy
Latin."
  He passed the despatch to Ben-Hur.
  "There; read- and read aloud, rendering what thou findest into the
tongue of thy fathers. Latin is an abomination."
  Ben-Hur was in good spirits, and began the reading carelessly.
"'Messala to Gratus!'" He paused. A premonition drove the blood to his
heart. Ilderim observed his agitation.
  "Well; I am waiting."
  Ben-Hur prayed pardon, and recommenced the paper, which, it is
sufficient to say, was one of the duplicates of the letter
despatched so carefully to Gratus by Messala the morning after the
revel in the palace.
  The paragraphs in the beginning were remarkable only as proof that
the writer had not outgrown his habit of mockery; when they were
passed, and the reader came to the parts intended to refresh the
memory of Gratus, his voice trembled, and twice he stopped to regain
his self-control. By a strong effort he continued. "'I recall
further'" he read, "'that thou didst make disposition of the family of
Hur'"- there the reader again paused and drew a long breath- "'both of
us at the time supposing the plan hit upon to be the most effective
possible for the purposes in view, which were silence and delivery
over to inevitable but natural death.'"
  Here Ben-Hur broke down utterly. The paper fell from his hands,
and he covered his face.
  "They are dead- dead. I alone am left."
  The sheik had been a silent, but not unsympathetic, witness of the
young man's suffering; now he arose and said, "Son of Arrius, it is
for me to beg thy pardon. Read the paper by thyself. When thou art
strong enough to give the rest of it to me, send word, and I will
return."
  He went out of the tent, and nothing in all his life became him
better.
  Ben-Hur flung himself on the divan and gave way to his feelings.
When somewhat recovered, he recollected that a portion of the letter
remained unread, and, taking it up, he resumed the reading. "Thou wilt
remember," the missive ran, "what thou didst with the mother and
sister of the malefactor; yet, if now I yield to a desire to learn
if they be living or dead"- Ben-Hur started, and read again, and
then again, and at last broke into exclamation. "He does not know they
are dead; he does not know it! Blessed be the name of the Lord!
there is yet hope." He finished the sentence, and was strengthened
by it, and went on bravely to the end of the letter.
  "They are not dead," he said, after reflection; "they are not
dead, or he would have heard of it."
  A second reading, more careful than the first, confirmed him in
the opinion. Then he sent for the sheik.
  "In coming to your hospitable tent, O sheik," he said, calmly,
when the Arab was seated and they were alone, "it was not in my mind
to speak of myself further than to assure you I had sufficient
training to be intrusted with your horses. I declined to tell you my
history. But the chances which have sent this paper to my hand and
given it to me to be read are so strange that I feel bidden to trust
you with everything. And I am the more inclined to do so by
knowledge here conveyed that we are both of us threatened by the
same enemy, against whom it is needful that we make common cause. I
will read the letter and give you explanation; after which you will
not wonder I was so moved. If you thought me weak or childish, you
will then excuse me."
  The sheik held his peace, listening closely, until Ben-Hur came to
the paragraph in which he was particularly mentioned- "'I saw the
Jew yesterday in the Grove of Daphne;'" so ran the part, "'and if he
be not there now, he is certainly in the neighbourhood, making it easy
for me to keep him in eye. Indeed, were thou to ask me where he is
now, I should say, with the most positive assurance, he is to be found
at the old Orchard of Palms.'"
  "A- h!" exclaimed Ilderim, in such a tone one might hardly say he
was more surprised than angry; at the same time, he clutched his
beard.
  "'At the old Orchard of Palms,'" Ben-Hur repeated, "'under the
tent of the traitor Sheik Ilderim.'"
  "Traitor!- I?" the old man cried, in his shrillest tone, while lip
and beard curled with ire, and on his forehead and neck the veins
swelled and beat as they would burst.
  "Yet a moment, sheik," said Ben-Hur, with a deprecatory gesture.
"Such is Messala's opinion of you. Hear his threat." And he read on-
"'under the tent of the traitor Sheik Ilderim, who cannot long
escape our strong hand. Be not surprised if Maxentius, as his first
measure, places the Arab on ship for forwarding to Rome.'"
  "To Rome! Me- Ilderim- sheik of ten thousand horsemen with spears-
me to Rome!"
  He leaped rather than rose to his feet, his arms outstretched, his
fingers spread and curved like claws, his eyes glittering like a
serpent's.
  "O God!- nay, by all the gods except of Rome!- when shall this
insolence end? A freeman am I; free are my people. Must we die slaves?
Or, worse, must I live a dog, crawling to a master's feet? Must I lick
his hand lest he lash me? What is mine is not mine; I am not my own;
for breath of body I must be beholden to a Roman. Oh, if I were
young again! Oh, could I shake off twenty years- or ten- or five!"
  He ground his teeth and shook his hands overhead; then, under the
impulse of another idea, he walked away and back again to Ben-Hur
swiftly, and caught his shoulder with a strong grasp.
  "If I were as thou, son of Arrius- as young, as strong, as practised
in arms; if I had a motive hissing me to revenge- a motive, like
thine, great enough to make hate holy.- Away with disguise on thy part
and on mine! Son of Hur, son of Hur, I say- "
  At that name all the currents of Ben-Hur's blood stopped; surprised,
bewildered, he gazed into the Arab's eyes, now close to his, and
fiercely bright.
  "Son of Hur, I say, were I as thou, with half thy wrongs, bearing
about with me memories like thine, I would not, I could not, rest."
Never pausing, his words following each other torrent-like, the old
man swept on. "To all my grievances, I would add those of the world,
and devote myself to vengeance. From land to land I would go firing
all mankind. No war for freedom but should find me engaged; no
battle against Rome in which I would not bear a part. I would turn
Parthian, if I could not better. If men failed me, still I would not
give over the effort- ha, ha, ha! By the splendour of God! I would
herd with wolves, and make friends of lions and tigers, in hope of
marshalling them against the common enemy. I would use every weapon.
So my victims were Romans, I would rejoice in slaughter. Quarter I
would not ask; quarter I would not give. To the flames everything
Roman; to the sword every Roman born. Of nights I would pray the gods,
the good and the bad alike, to lend me their special terrors-
tempests, drought, heat, cold, and all the nameless poisons they let
loose in air, all the thousand things of which men die on sea and on
land. Oh, I could not sleep. I- I- "
  The sheik stopped for want of breath, panting, wringing his hands.
And, sooth to say, of all the passionate burst Ben-Hur retained but
a vague impression wrought by fiery eyes, a piercing voice, and a rage
too intense for coherent expression.
  For the first time in years, the desolate youth heard himself
addressed by his proper name. One man at least knew him, and
acknowledged it without demand of identity; and he an Arab fresh
from the desert!
  How came the man by his knowledge? The letter? No. It told the
cruelties from which his family had suffered; it told the story of his
own misfortunes, but it did not say he was the very victim whose
escape from doom was the theme of the heartless narrative. That was
the point of explanation he had notified the sheik would follow the
reading of the letter. He was pleased, and thrilled with hope
restored, yet kept an air of calmness.
  "Good sheik, tell me how you came by this letter."
  "My people keep the roads between cities," Ilderim answered,
bluntly. "They took it from a courier."
  "Are they known to be thy people?"
  "No. To the world they are robbers, whom it is mine to catch and
slay."
  "Again, sheik. You call me son of Hur- my father's name. I did not
think myself known to a person on earth. How came you by the
knowledge?"
  Ilderim hesitated; but, rallying, he answered, "I know you, yet I am
not free to tell you more."
  "Some one holds you in restraint?"
  The sheik closed his mouth, and walked away; but, observing
Ben-Hur's disappointment, he came back, and said, "Let us say no
more about the matter now. I will go to town; when I return, I may
talk to you fully. Give me the letter."
  Ilderim rolled the papyrus carefully, restored it to its envelope,
and became once more all energy.
  "What sayest thou?" he asked, while waiting for his horse and
retinue. "I told what I would do, were I thou, and thou hast made no
answer.
  "I intended to answer, sheik, and I will." Ben-Hur's countenance and
voice changed with the feeling invoked. "All thou hast said, I will
do- all at least in the power of a man. I devoted myself to
vengeance long ago. Every hour of the five years passed, I have
lived with no other thought. I have taken no respite. I have had no
pleasures of youth. The blandishments of Rome were not for me. I
wanted her to educate me for revenge. I resorted to her most famous
masters and professors- not those of rhetoric or philosophy: alas! I
had no time for them. The arts essential to a fighting-man were my
desire. I associated with gladiators, and with winners of prizes in
the circus; and they were my teachers. The drill-masters in the
great camp accepted me as a scholar, and were proud of my
attainments in their line. O sheik, I am a soldier; but the things
of which I dream require me to be a captain. With that thought, I have
taken part in the campaign against the Parthians; when it is over,
then, if the Lord spare my life and strength- then"- he raised his
clenched hands, and spoke vehemently- "then I will be an enemy
Roman-taught in all things; then Rome shall account to me in Roman
lives for her ills. You have my answer, sheik."
  Ilderim put an arm over his shoulder, and kissed him, saying,
passionately, "If thy God favour thee not, son of Hur, it is because
he is dead. Take thou this from me- sworn to, if so thy preference
run: thou shalt have my hands, and their fulness- men, horses, camels,
and the desert for preparation. I swear it! For the present, enough.
Thou shalt see or hear from me before night."
  Turning abruptly off, the sheik was speedily on the road to the
city.
                        CHAPTER VI.
                     TRAINING THE FOUR.

  THE intercepted letter was conclusive upon a number of points of
great interest to Ben-Hur. It had all the effect of a confession
that the writer was a party to the putting-away of the family with
murderous intent; that he had sanctioned the plan adopted for the
purpose; that he had received a portion of the proceeds of the
confiscation and was yet in enjoyment of his part; that he dreaded the
unexpected appearance of what he was pleased to call the chief
malefactor, and accepted it as a menace; that he contemplated such
further action as would secure him in the future, and was ready to
do whatever his accomplice in Caesarea might advise.
  And, now that the letter had reached the hand of him really its
subject, it was notice of danger to come, as well as a confession of
guilt. So when Ilderim left the tent, Ben-Hur had much to think about,
requiring immediate action. His enemies were as adroit and powerful as
any in the East. If they were afraid of him, he had greater reason
to be afraid of them. He strove earnestly to reflect upon the
situation, but could not; his feelings constantly overwhelmed him.
There was a certain qualified pleasure in the assurance that his
mother and sister were alive; and it mattered little that the
foundation of the assurance was a mere inference. That there was one
person who could tell him where they were seemed to his hope so long
deferred as if discovery were now close at hand. These were mere
causes of feeling; underlying them, it must be confessed he had a
superstitious fancy that God was about to make ordination in his
behalf, in which event faith whispered him to stand still.
  Occasionally, referring to the words of Ilderim, he wondered
whence the Arab derived his information about him; not from Malluch
certainly; nor from Simonides, whose interests, all adverse, would
hold him dumb. Could Messala have been the informant? No, no:
disclosure might be dangerous in that quarter. Conjecture was vain; at
the same time, often as Ben-Hur was beaten back from the solution,
he was consoled with the thought that whoever the person with the
knowledge might be, he was a friend, and, being such, would reveal
himself in good time. A little more waiting- a little more patience.
Possibly the errand of the sheik was to see the worthy; possibly the
letter might precipitate a full disclosure.
  And patient he would have been if only he could have believed Tirzah
and his mother were waiting for him under circumstances permitting
hope on their part strong as his; if, in other words, conscience had
not stung him with accusations respecting them.
  To escape such accusations, he wandered far through the Orchard,
pausing now where the date-gatherers were busy, yet not too busy to
offer him of their fruit and talk with him; then, under the great
trees, to watch the nesting birds, or hear the bees swarming about the
berries bursting with honeyed sweetness, and filling all the green and
golden spaces with the music of their beating wings.
  By the lake, however, he lingered longest. He might not look upon
the water and its sparkling ripples, so like sensuous life, without
thinking of the Egyptian and her marvellous beauty, and of floating
with her here and there through the night, made brilliant by her songs
and stories; he might not forget the charm of her manner, the
lightness of her laugh, the flattery of her attention, the warmth of
her little hand under his upon the tiller of the boat From her it
was for his thought but a short way to Balthasar, and the strange
things of which he had been witness, unaccountable by any law of
nature; and from him, again, to the King of the Jews, whom the good
man, with such pathos of patience, was holding in holy promise, the
distance was even nearer. And there his mind stayed, finding in the
mysteries of that personage a satisfaction answering well for the rest
he was seeking. Because, it may have been, nothing is so easy as
denial of an idea not agreeable to our wishes, he rejected the
definition given by Balthasar of the kingdom the king was coming to
establish. A kingdom of souls, if not intolerable to the Sadducean
faith, seemed to him but an abstraction drawn from the depths of a
devotion too fond and dreamy. A kingdom of Judea, on the other hand,
was more than comprehensible: such had been, and, if only for that
reason, might be again. And it suited his pride to think of a new
kingdom broader of domain, richer in power, and of a more
unapproachable splendour than the old one; of a new king wiser and
mightier than Solomon- a new king under whom, especially, he could
find both service and revenge. In that mood he returned to the dowar.
  The mid-day meal disposed of, still further to occupy himself,
Ben-Hur had the chariot rolled out into the sunlight for inspection.
The word but poorly conveys the careful study the vehicle underwent.
No point or part of it escaped him. With a pleasure which will be
better understood hereafter, he saw the pattern was Greek, in his
judgment preferable to the Roman in many respects; it was wider
between the wheels, and lower and stronger, and the disadvantage of
greater weight would be more than compensated by the greater endurance
of his Arabs. Speaking generally, the carriage-makers of Rome built
for the games almost solely, sacrificing safety to beauty, and
durability to grace; while the chariots of Achilles and "the king of
men," designed for war and all its extreme tests, still ruled the
tastes of those who met and struggled for the crowns Isthmian and
Olympic.
  Next he brought the horses, and, hitching them to the chariot, drove
to the field of exercise, where, hour after hour, he practised them in
movement under the yoke. When he came away in the evening, it was with
restored spirit, and a fixed purpose to defer action in the matter
of Messala until the race was won or lost. He could not forego the
pleasure of meeting his adversary under the eyes of the East; that
there might be other competitors seemed not to enter his thought.
His confidence in the result was absolute; no doubt of his own
skill; and as to the four, they were his full partners in the glorious
game.
  "Let him look to it, let him look to it! Ha, Antares- Aldebaran!
Shall he not, O honest Rigel? and thou, Atair, king among coursers,
shall he not beware of us? Ha, ha! good hearts!"
  So in rests he passed from horse to horse, speaking, not as a
master, but the senior of as many brethren.
  After nightfall, Ben-Hur sat by the door of the tent waiting for
Ilderim, not yet returned from the city. He was not impatient, or
vexed, or doubtful. The sheik would be heard from, at least. Indeed,
whether it was from satisfaction with the performance of the four,
or the refreshment there is in cold water succeeding bodily
exercise, or supper partaken with royal appetite, or the reaction
which, as a kindly provision of nature, always follows depression, the
young man was in good-humour verging upon elation. He felt himself
in the hands of Providence no longer his enemy. At last there was a
sound of horse's feet coming rapidly, and Malluch rode up.
  "Son of Arrius," he said, cheerily, after salutation, "I salute
you for Sheik Ilderim, who requests you to mount and go to the city.
He is waiting for you."
  Ben-Hur asked no questions, but went in where the horses were
feeding. Aldebaran came to him, as if offering his service. He
played with him lovingly, but passed on, and chose another, not of the
four- they were sacred to the race. Very shortly the two were on the
road, going swiftly and in silence.
  Some distance below the Seleucian Bridge, they crossed the river
by a ferry, and, riding far round on the right bank, and recrossing by
another ferry, entered the city from the west. The detour was long,
but Ben-Hur accepted it as a precaution for which there was good
reason.
  Down to Simonides' landing they rode, and in front of the great
warehouse, under the bridge, Malluch drew rein.
  "We are come," he said. "Dismount."
  Ben-Hur recognised the place.
  "Where is the sheik?" he asked.
  "Come with me. I will show you."
  A watchman took the horses, and almost before he realised it Ben-Hur
stood once more at the door of the house up on the greater one,
listening to the response from within- "In God's name, enter."
                        CHAPTER VII.
                  SIMONIDES RENDERS ACCOUNT.

  MALLUCH stopped at the door; Ben-Hur entered alone.
  The room was the same in which he had formerly interviewed
Simonides, and it had been in nowise changed, except now, close by the
arm-chair, a polished brazen rod, set on a broad wooden pedestal,
arose higher than a tall man, holding lamps of silver on sliding arms,
half-a-dozen or more in number, and all burning. The light was
clear, bringing into view the panelling on the walls, the cornice with
its row of gilded balls, and the dome dully tinted with violet mica.
  Within, a few steps, Ben-Hur stopped.
  Three persons were present, looking at him- Simonides, Ilderim,
and Esther.
  He glanced hurriedly from one to another, as if to find answer to
the question half formed in his mind, What business can these have
with me? He became calm, with every sense on the alert, for the
question was succeeded by another, Are they friends or enemies?
  At length, his eyes rested upon Esther.
  The men returned his look kindly; in her face there was something
more than kindness- something too spirituel for definition, which
yet went to his inner consciousness without definition.
  Shall it be said, good reader? Back of his gaze there was a
comparison in which the Egyptian arose and set herself over against
the gentle Jewess; but it lived an instant, and, as is the habit of
such comparisons, passed away without a conclusion.
  "Son of Hur- "
  The guest turned to the speaker.
  "Son of Hur," said Simonides, repeating the address slowly, and with
distinct emphasis, as if to impress all its meaning upon him most
interested in understanding it, "take thou the peace of the Lord God
of our fathers- take it from me." He paused, then added, "From me
and mine."
  The speaker sat in his chair; there were the royal head, the
bloodless face, the masterful air, under the influence of which
visitors forgot the broken limbs and distorted body of the man. The
full black eyes gazed out under the white brows steadily, but not
sternly. A moment thus, then he crossed his hands upon his breast.
  The action, taken with the salutation, could not be misunderstood,
and was not.
  "Simonides," Ben-Hur answered, much moved, "the holy peace you
tender is accepted. As son to father, I return it to you. Only let
there be perfect understanding between us."
  Thus delicately he sought to put aside the submission of the
merchant, and, in place of the relation of master and servant,
substitute one higher and holier.
  Simonides let fall his hands, and, turning to Esther, said, "A
seat for the master, daughter."
  She hastened, and brought a stool, and stood, with suffused face,
looking from one to the other- from Ben-Hur to Simonides, from
Simonides to Ben-Hur; and they waited, each declining the
superiority direction would imply. When at length the pause began to
be embarrassing, Ben-Hur advanced, and gently took the stool from her,
and, going to the chair, placed it at the merchant's feet.
  "I will sit here," he said.
  His eyes met hers- an instant only; but both were better of the
look. He recognised her gratitude, she his generosity and forbearance.
  Simonides bowed his acknowledgment.
  "Esther, child, bring me the paper," he said, with a breath of
relief.
  She went to a panel in the wall, opened it, took out a roll of
papyri, and brought and gave it to him.
  "Thou saidst well, son of Hur," Simonides began, while unrolling the
sheets. "Let us understand each other. In anticipation of the
demand- which I would have made hadst thou waived it- I have here a
statement covering everything necessary to the understanding required.
I could see but two points involved- the property first, and then
our relation. The statement is explicit as to both. Will it please
thee to read it now?"
  Ben-Hur received the papers, but glanced at Ilderim.
  "Nay," said Simonides, "the sheik shall not deter thee from reading.
The account- such thou wilt find it- is of a nature requiring a
witness. In the attesting place at the end thou wilt find, when thou
comest to it, the name- Ilderim, Sheik. He knows all. He is thy
friend. All he has been to me, that will he be to thee also."
  Simonides looked at the Arab, nodding pleasantly, and the latter
gravely returned the nod, saying, "Thou hast said."
  Ben-Hur replied, "I know already the excellence of his friendship,
and have yet to prove myself worthy of it." Immediately he
continued, "Later, O Simonides, I will read the papers carefully;
for the present, do thou take them, and if thou be not too weary, give
me their substance."
  Simonides took back the roll.
  "Here, Esther, stand by me and receive the sheets, lest they fall
into confusion."
  She took place by his chair, letting her right arm fall lightly
across his shoulder, so, when he spoke, the account seemed to have
rendition from both of them jointly.
  "This," said Simonides, drawing out the first leaf, "shows the money
I had of thy father's, being the amount saved from the Romans; there
was no property saved, only money, and that the robbers would have
secured but for our Jewish custom of bills of exchange. The amount
saved, being sums I drew from Rome, Alexandria, Damascus, Carthage,
Valentia, and elsewhere within the circle of trade, was one hundred
and twenty talents Jewish money."
  He gave the sheet to Esther, and took the next one.
  "With that amount- one hundred and twenty talents- I charged myself.
Hear now my credits. I use the word, as thou wilt see, with
reference rather to the proceeds gained from the use of the money."
  From separate sheets he then read footings, which, fractions
omitted, were as follows:-

             CR.
    By ships.................................  60 talents
     " goods in store........................ 110   "
     " cargoes in transit....................  75   "
     " camels, horses, etc...................  20   "
     " warehouses............................  10   "
     " bills due.............................  54   "
     " money on hand and subject to draft.... 224   "

                Total........................ 553   "

  "To these now, to the five hundred and fifty-three talents gained,
add the original capital I had from thy father, and thou hast SIX
HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-THREE TALENTS!- and all thine- making thee, O
son of Hur, the richest subject in the world."
  He took the papyri from Esther, and, reserving one, rolled them
and offered them to Ben-Hur. The pride perceptible in his manner was
not offensive; it might have been from a sense of duty well done; it
might have been for Ben-Hur without reference to himself.
  "And there is nothing," he added, dropping his voice, but not his
eyes- "there is nothing now thou mayst not do."
  The moment was one of absorbing interest to all present. Simonides
crossed his hands upon his breast again; Esther was anxious; Ilderim
nervous. A man is never so on trial as in the moment of excessive
good-fortune.
  Taking the roll, Ben-Hur arose, struggling with emotion.
  "All this is to me as a light from heaven, sent to drive away a
night which has been so long I feared it would never end, and so
dark I had lost the hope of seeing," he said, with a husky voice. "I
give first thanks to the Lord, who has not abandoned me, and my next
to thee, O Simonides. Thy faithfulness outweighs the cruelty of
others, and redeems our human nature. 'There is nothing I cannot
do:' be it so. Shall any man in this my hour of such mighty
privilege be more generous than I? Serve me as a witness now, Sheik
Ilderim. Hear thou my words as I shall speak them- hear and
remember. And thou, Esther, good angel of this good man! hear thou
also."
  He stretched his hand with the roll to Simonides.
  "The things these papers take into account- all of them: ships,
houses, goods, camels, horses, money; the least as well as the
greatest- give I back to thee, O Simonides, making them all thine, and
sealing them to thee and thine forever."
  Esther smiled through her tears; Ilderim pulled his beard with rapid
motion, his eyes glistening like beads of jet. Simonides alone was
calm.
  "Sealing them to thee and thine forever," Ben-Hur continued, with
better control of himself, "with one exception, and upon one
condition."
  The breath of the listeners waited upon his words.
  "The hundred and twenty talents which were my father's thou shalt
return to me."
  Ilderim's countenance brightened.
  "And thou shalt join me in search of my mother and sister, holding
all thine subject to the expense of discovery, even as I will hold
mine."
  Simonides was much affected. Stretching out his hand, he said, "I
see thy spirit, son of Hur, and I am grateful to the Lord that he hath
sent thee to me such as thou art. If I served well thy father in life,
and his memory afterwards, be not afraid of default to thee; yet
must I say the exception cannot stand."
  Exhibiting, then, the reserved sheet, he continued.
  "Thou hast not all the account. Take this and read- read aloud."
  Ben-Hur took the supplement, and read it.

  "Statement of the servants of Hur, rendered by Simonides, steward of
the estate.
  1. Amrah, Egyptian, keeping the palace in Jerusalem.
  2. Simonides, the steward, in Antioch.
  3. Esther, daughter of Simonides."

  Now, in all his thoughts of Simonides, not once had it entered
Ben-Hur's mind that, by the law, a daughter followed the parent's
condition. In all his visions of her, the sweet-faced Esther had
figured as the rival of the Egyptian, and an object of possible
love. He shrank from the revelation so suddenly brought him, and
looked at her blushing; and, blushing, she dropped her eyes before
him. Then he said, while the papyrus rolled itself together-
  "A man with six hundred talents is indeed rich, and may do what he
pleases; but, rarer than the money, more priceless than the
property, is the mind which amassed the wealth, and the heart it could
not corrupt when amassed. O Simonides- and thou- fair Esther- fear
not. Sheik Ilderim here shall be witness that in the same moment ye
were declared my servants, that moment I declared ye free; and what
I declare, that will I put in writing. Is it not enough? Can I do
more?"
  "Son of Hur," said Simonides, "verily thou dost make servitude
lightsome. I was wrong; there are some things thou canst not do;
thou canst not make us free in law. I am thy servant forever,
because I went to the door with thy father one day, and in my ear
the awl-marks yet abide."
  "Did my father that?"
  "Judge him not," cried Simonides, quickly. "He accepted me a servant
of that class because I prayed him to do so. I never repented the
step. It was the price I paid for Rachel, the mother of my child here;
for Rachel, who would not be my wife unless I became what she was."
  "Was she a servant forever?"
  "Even so."
  Ben-Hur walked the floor in pain of impotent wish.
  "I was rich before," he said, stopping suddenly. "I was rich with
the gifts of the generous Arrius; now comes this greater fortune,
and the mind which achieved it. Is there not a purpose of God in it
all? Counsel me, O Simonides! Help me to see the right and do it. Help
me to be worthy my name, and what thou art in law to me, that will I
be to thee in fact and deed. I will be thy servant forever."
  Simonides' face actually glowed.
  "O son of my dead master! I will do better than help; I will serve
thee with all my might of mind and heart. Body, I have not; it
perished in thy cause; but with mind and heart I will serve thee. I
swear it, by the altar of our God, and the gifts upon the altar!
Only make me formally what I have assumed to be."
  "Name it," said Ben-Hur, eagerly.
  "As steward the care of the property will be mine."
  "Count thyself steward now; or wilt thou have it in writing?"
  "Thy word simply is enough; it was so with the father, and I will
not more from the son. And now, if the understanding be perfect"-
Simonides paused.
  "It is with me," said Ben-Hur.
  "And thou, daughter of Rachel, speak!" said Simonides, lifting her
arm from his shoulder.
  Esther, left thus alone, stood a moment abashed, her colour coming
and going; then she went to Ben-Hur, and said, with a womanliness
singularly sweet, "I am not better than my mother was; and, as she
is gone, I pray you, O my master, let me care for my father."
  Ben-Hur took her hand, and led her back to the chair, saying,
"Thou art a good child. Have thy will."
  Simonides replaced her arm upon his neck, and there was silence
for a time in the room.
                        CHAPTER VIII.
           SPIRITUAL OR POLITICAL?- SIMONIDES ARGUES.

  SIMONIDES looked up, none the less a master.
  "Esther," he said, quietly, "the night is going fast; and, lest we
become too weary for that which is before us, let the refreshments
be brought."
  She rang a bell. A servant answered with wine and bread, which she
bore round.
  "The understanding, good my master," continued Simonides, when all
were served, "is not perfect in my sight. Henceforth our lives will
run on together like rivers which have met and joined their waters.
I think their flowing will be better if every cloud is blown from
the sky above them. You left my door the other day with what seemed
a denial of the claims which I have just allowed in the broadest
terms; but it was not so, indeed it was not. Esther is witness that
I recognised you; and that I did not abandon you, let Malluch say."
  "Malluch!" exclaimed Ben-Hur.
  "One bound to a chair, like me, must have many hands far-reaching,
if he would move the world from which he is so cruelly barred. I
have many such, and Malluch is one of the best of them. And,
sometimes"- he cast a grateful glance at the sheik- "sometimes I
borrow from others good of heart, like Ilderim the Generous- good
and brave. Let him say if I either denied or forgot you."
  Ben-Hur looked at the Arab.
  "This is he, good Ilderim, this is he who told you of me?"
  Ilderim's eyes twinkled as he nodded his answer.
  "How, O my master," said Simonides, "may we without trial tell
what a man is? I knew you; I saw your father in you; but the kind of
man you were I did not know. There are people to whom fortune is a
curse in disguise. Were you of them? I sent Malluch to find out for
me, and in the service he was my eyes and ears. Do not blame him. He
brought me report of you which was all good."
  "I do not," said Ben-Hur, heartily. "There was wisdom in your
goodness."
  "The words are very pleasant to me," said the merchant, with
feeling, "very pleasant. My fear of misunderstanding is laid. Let
the rivers run on now as God may give them direction."
  After an interval he continued-
  "I am compelled now by truth. The weaver sits weaving, and, as the
shuttle flies, the cloth increases, and the figures grow, and he
dreams dreams meanwhile; so to my hands the fortune grew, and I
wondered at the increase, and asked myself about it many times. I
could see a care not my own went with the enterprises I set going. The
simooms which smote others on the desert pumped over the things
which were mine. The storms which heaped the seashore with wrecks
did but blow my ships the sooner into port. Strangest of all, I, so
dependent upon others, fixed to a place like a dead thing, had never a
loss by an agent- never. The elements stooped to serve me, and all
my servants, in fact, were faithful."
  "It is very strange," said Ben-Hur.
  "So I said, and kept saying. Finally, O my master, finally I came to
be of your opinion- God was in it- and, like you, I asked, What can
his purpose be? Intelligence is never wasted; intelligence like
God's never stirs except with design. I have held the question in
heart, lo! these many years, watching for an answer. I felt sure, if
God were in it, some day, in his own good time, in his own way, he
would show me his purpose, making it clear as a whited house upon a
hill. And I believe he has done so."
  Ben-Hur listened with every faculty intent.
  "Many years ago, with my people- thy mother was with me, Esther,
beautiful as morning over old Olivet- I sat by the wayside out north
of Jerusalem, near the Tombs of the Kings, when three men passed by
riding great white camels, such as had never been seen in the Holy
City. The men were strangers, and from far countries. The first one
stopped and asked me a question, 'Where is he that is born King of the
Jews?' As if to allay my wonder, he went on to say, 'We have seen
his star in the east, and have come to worship him.' I could not
understand, but followed them to the Damascus Gate; and of every
person they met on the way- of the guard at the Gate, even- they asked
the question. All who heard it were amazed like me. In time I forgot
the circumstance, though there was much talk of it as a presage of the
Messiah. Alas, alas! What children we are, even the wisest! When God
walks the earth, his steps are often centuries apart. You have seen
Balthasar?"
  "And heard him tell his story," said Ben-Hur.
  "A miracle!- a very miracle!" cried Simonides. "As he told it to me,
good my master, I seemed to hear the answer I had so long waited;
God's purpose burst upon me. Poor will the King be when he comes- poor
and friendless; without following, without armies, without cities or
castles; a kingdom to be set up, and Rome reduced and blotted out.
See, see, O my master! thou flushed with strength, thou trained to
arms, thou burdened with riches; behold the opportunity the Lord
hath sent thee! Shall not his purpose be thine? Could a man be born to
a more perfect glory?"
  Simonides put his whole force in the appeal.
  "But the kingdom, the kingdom!" Ben-Hur answered, eagerly.
"Balthasar says it is to be of souls."
  The pride of the Jew was strong in Simonides, and therefore the
slightly contemptuous curl of the lip with which he began his reply-
  "Balthasar has been a witness of wonderful things- of miracles, O my
master; and when he speaks of them, I bow with belief, for they are of
sight and sound personal to him. But he is a son of Mizraim, and not
even a proselyte. Hardly may he be supposed to have special
knowledge by virtue of which we must bow to him in a matter of God's
dealing with our Israel. The prophets had their light from Heaven
directly, even as he had his- many to one, and Jehovah the same
forever. I must believe the prophets.- Bring me the Torah, Esther."
  He proceeded without waiting for her.
  "May the testimony of a whole people be slighted, my master?
Though you travel from Tyre, which is by the sea in the north, to
the capital of Edom, which is in the desert south, you will not find a
lisper of the Shema, an alms-giver in the Temple, or any one who has
ever eaten of the lamb of the Passover, to tell you the kingdom the
King is coming to build for us, the children of the covenant, is other
than of this world, like our father David's. Now, where got they the
faith, ask you? We will see presently."
  Esther here returned, bringing a number of rolls carefully enveloped
in dark-brown linen lettered quaintly in gold.
  "Keep them, daughter, to give to me as I call for them," the
father said, in the tender voice he always used in speaking to her,
and continued his argument-
  "It were long, good my master- too long, indeed- for me to repeat to
you the names of the holy men who, in the providence of God, succeeded
the prophets, only a little less favoured than they- the seers who
have written and the preachers who have taught since the Captivity;
the very wise who borrowed their lights from the lamp of Malachi,
the last of his line, and whose great names Hillel and Shammai never
tired of repeating in the colleges. Will you ask them of the
kingdom? Thus, the Lord of the sheep in the Book of Enoch- who is
he? Who but the King of whom we are speaking? A throne is set up for
him; he smites the earth, and the other kings are shaken from their
thrones, and the scourges of Israel flung into a cavern of fire
flaming with pillars of fire. So also the singer of the Psalms of
Solomon- 'Behold, O Lord, and raise up to Israel their king, the son
of David, at the time thou knowest, O God, to rule Israel, thy
children.... And he will bring the peoples of the heathen under his
yoke to serve him.... And he shall be a righteous king taught of
God,.... for he shall rule all the earth by the word of his mouth
forever.' And last, though not least, hear Ezra, the second Moses,
in his visions of the night, and ask him who is the lion with human
voice that says to the eagle- which is Rome- 'Thou hast loved liars,
and overthrown the cities of the industrious, and razed their walls,
though they did thee no harm. Therefore, begone, that the earth may be
refreshed, and recover itself, and hope in the justice and piety of
him who made her.' Whereat the eagle was seen no more. Surely, O my
master, the testimony of these should be enough! But the way to the
fountain's head is open. Let us go up to it at once.- Some wine,
Esther, and then the Torah."
  "Dost thou believe the prophets, master?" he asked, after
drinking. "I know thou dost, for of such was the faith of all thy
kindred.- Give me, Esther, the book which hath in it the visions of
Isaiah."
  He took one of the rolls which she had unwrapped for him, and
read, "'The people that walked in darkness have seen a great light:
they that dwell in the land of the shadow of death, upon them hath the
light shined.... For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is
given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder.... Of the
increase of his government and peace there shall be no end, upon the
throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it, and to establish
it with judgment and with justice from henceforth even forever.'-
Believest thou the prophets, O my master?- Now, Esther, the word of
the Lord that came to Micah."
  She gave him the roll he asked.
  "'But thou,'" he began reading- "'but thou, Bethlehem Ephrath,
though thou be little among the thousands of Judah, yet out of thee
shall he come forth unto me that is to be ruler in Israel.'- This
was he, the very child Balthasar saw and worshipped in the cave.
Believest thou the prophets, O my master?- Give me, Esther, the
words of Jeremiah."
  Receiving that roll, he read as before, "'Behold, the days come,
saith the Lord, that I will raise unto David a righteous branch, and a
king shall reign and prosper, and shall execute judgment and justice
in the earth. In his days Judah shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell
safely.' As a king he shall reign- as a king, O my master! Believest
thou the prophets?- Now, daughter, the roll of the sayings of that son
of Judah in whom there was no blemish."
  She gave him the Book of Daniel.
  "Hear, my master," he said: "'I saw in the night visions, and
behold, one like the Son of man came with the clouds of heaven.... And
there was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all
people, nations, and languages should serve him; his dominion is an
everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom
that which shall not be destroyed.'- Believest thou the prophets, O my
master?"
  "It is enough. I believe," cried Ben-Hur.
  "What then?" asked Simonides. "If the King come poor, will not my
master, of his abundance, give him help?"
  "Help him? To the last shekel and the last breath. But why speak
of his coming poor?"
  "Give me, Esther, the word of the Lord as it came to Zechariah,"
said Simonides.
  She gave him one of the rolls.
  "Hear how the King will enter Jerusalem." Then he read, "'Rejoice
greatly, O daughter of Zion.... Behold, thy King cometh unto thee with
justice and salvation; lowly, and riding upon an ass, and upon a colt,
the foal of an ass.'
  Ben-Hur looked away.
  "What see you, O my master?"
  "Rome!" he answered, gloomily- "Rome, and her legions. I have
dwelt with them in their camps. I know them."
  "Ah!" said Simonides. "Thou shalt be a master of legions for the
King, with millions to choose from."
  "Millions!" cried Ben-Hur.
  Simonides sat a moment thinking.
  "The question of power should not trouble you," he next said.
  Ben-Hur looked at him inquiringly.
  "You were seeing the lowly King in the act of coming to his own,"
Simonides answered- "seeing him on the right hand, as it were, and
on the left the brassy legions of Caesar, and you were asking, What
can he do?"
  "It was my very thought."
  "Oh my master!" Simonides continued, "you do not know how strong our
Israel is. You think of him as a sorrowful old man weeping by the
rivers of Babylon. But go up to Jerusalem next Passover, and stand
on the Xystus, or in the Street of Barter, and see him as he is. The
promise of the Lord to father Jacob coming out of Padan-Aram was a law
under which our people have not ceased multiplying- not even in
captivity; they grew under foot of the Egyptian; the clench of the
Roman has been but wholesome nurture to them; now they are indeed 'a
nation, and a company of nations.' Nor that only, my master; in
fact, to measure the strength of Israel- which is, in fact,
measuring what the King can do- you shall not bide solely by the
rule of natural increase, but add thereto the other- I mean the spread
of the faith, which will carry you to the far and near of the whole
known earth. Further, the habit is, I know, to think and speak of
Jerusalem as Israel, which may be likened to our finding an
embroidered shred, and holding it up as a magisterial robe of
Caesar's. Jerusalem is but a stone of the Temple, or the heart in
the body. Turn from beholding the legions, strong though they be,
and count the hosts of the faithful waiting the old alarm, 'To your
tents, O Israel!- count the many in Persia, children of those who
chose not to return with the returning; count the brethren who swarm
the marts of Egypt and Farther Africa; count the Hebrew colonists
eking profit in the West- in Lodinum and the trade-courts of Spain;
count the pure of blood and the proselytes in Greece and in the
isles of the sea, and over in Pontus, and here in Antioch, and, for
that matter, those of that city lying accursed in the shadow of the
unclean walls of Rome herself; count the worshippers of the Lord
dwelling in tents along the deserts next us, as well as in the deserts
beyond the Nile; and in the regions across the Caspian, and up in
the old lands of Gog and Magog even, separate those who annually
send gifts to the Holy Temple in acknowledgment of God- separate them,
that they may be counted also. And when you have done counting, lo! my
master, a census of the sword hands that await you; lo! a kingdom
ready fashioned for him who is to do 'judgment and justice in the
whole earth'- in Rome not less than in Zion. Have then the answer,
What Israel can do, that can the King."
  The picture was fervently given.
  Upon Ilderim it operated like the blowing of a trumpet. "Oh that I
had back my youth!" he cried, starting to his feet.
  Ben-Hur sat still. The speech, he saw, was an invitation to devote
his life and fortune to the mysterious Being who was palpably as
much the centre of a great hope with Simonides as with the devout
Egyptian. The idea, as we have seen, was not a new one, but had come
to him repeatedly- once while listening to Malluch in the Grove of
Daphne; afterwards more distinctly while Balthasar was giving his
conception of what the kingdom was to be; still later, in the walk
through the old Orchard, it had risen almost, if not quite, into a
resolve. At such times it had come and gone only an idea, attended
with feelings more or less acute. Not so now. A master had it in
charge, a master was working it up; already he had exalted it into a
cause brilliant with possibilities and infinitely holy. The effect was
as if a door theretofore unseen had suddenly opened flooding Ben-Hur
with light, and admitting him to a service which had been his one
perfect dream- a service reaching far into the future, and rich with
the rewards of duty done, and prizes to sweeten and soothe his
ambition. One touch more was needed.
  "Let us concede all you say, O Simonides," said Ben-Hur- "that the
King will come, and his kingdom be as Solomon's; say also I am ready
to give myself and all I have to him and his cause; yet more, say that
I should do as was God's purpose in the ordering of my life and in
your quick amassment of astonishing fortune; then what? Shall we
proceed like blind men building? Shall we wait till the King comes? Or
until he sends for me? You have age and experience on your side.
Answer."
  Simonides answered at once.
  "We have no choice; none. This letter"- he produced Messala's
despatch as he spoke- "this letter is the signal for action. The
alliance proposed between Messala and Gratus we are not strong
enough to resist; we have not the influence at Rome nor the force
here. They will kill you if we wait. How merciful they are, look at me
and judge."
  He shuddered at the terrible recollection.
  "O good my master," he continued, recovering himself; "how-strong
are you- in purpose, I mean?"
  Ben-Hur did not understand him.
  "I remember how pleasant the world was to me in my youth," Simonides
proceeded.
  "Yet," said Ben-Hur, "you were capable of a great sacrifice."
  "Yes; for love."
  "Has not life other motives as strong?"
  Simonides shook his head.
  "There is ambition."
  "Ambition is forbidden a son of Israel."
  "What, then, of revenge?"
  The spark dropped upon the inflammable passion; the man's eyes
gleamed; his hands shook; he answered, quickly, "Revenge is a Jew's of
right; it is the law."
  "A camel, even a dog, will remember a wrong," cried Ilderim.
  Directly Simonides picked up the broken thread of his thought.
  "There is a work, a work for the King, which should be done in
advance of his coming. We may not doubt that Israel is to be his right
hand; but, alas! it is a hand of peace, without cunning in war. Of the
millions, there is not one trained band, not a captain. The
mercenaries of the Herods I do not count, for they are kept to crush
us. The condition is as the Roman would have it; his policy has
fruited well for his tyranny; but the time of change is at hand,
when the shepherd shall put on armour, and take to spear and sword,
and the feeding flocks be turned to fighting lions. Some one, my
son, must have place next the King at his right hand. Who shall it
be if not he who does this work well?"
  Ben-Hur's face flushed at the prospect, though he said, "I see but
speak plainly. A deed to be done is one thing; how to do it is
another."
  Simonides sipped the wine Esther brought him, and replied,
  "The sheik, and thou, my master, shall be principals, each with a
part. I will remain here, carrying on as now, and watchful that the
spring go not dry. Thou shalt betake thee to Jerusalem, and thence
to the wilderness, and begin numbering the fighting-men of Israel, and
telling them into tens and hundreds, and choosing captains and
training them, and in secret places hoarding arms, for which I shall
keep thee supplied. Commencing over in Perea, thou shalt go then to
Galilee, whence it is but a step to Jerusalem. In Perea, the desert
will be at thy back, and Ilderim in reach of thy hand. He will keep
the roads, so that nothing shall pass without thy knowledge. He will
help thee in many ways. Until the ripening time no one shall know what
is here contracted. Mine is but a servant's part. I have spoken to
Ilderim. What sayest thou?"
  Ben-Hur looked at the sheik.
  "It is as he says, son of Hur," the Arab responded. "I have given my
word, and he is content with it; but thou shalt have my oath,
binding me, and the ready hands of my tribe, and whatever
serviceable thing I have."
  The three- Simonides, Ilderim, Esther- gazed at Ben-Hur fixedly.
  "Every man," he answered, at first sadly, "has a cup of pleasure
poured for him, and soon or late it comes to his hand, and he tastes
and drinks- every man but me. I see, Simonides, and thou, O generous
sheik!- I see whither the proposal tends. If I accept, and enter
upon the course, farewell peace, and the hopes which cluster around
it. The doors I might enter and the gates of quiet life will shut
behind me, never to open again, for Rome keeps them all; and her
outlawry will follow me, and her hunters; and in the tombs near cities
and the dismal caverns of remotest hills, I must eat my crust and take
my rest."
  The speech was broken by a sob. All turned to Esther, who hid her
face upon her father's shoulder.
  "I did not think of you, Esther," said Simonides, gently, for he was
himself deeply moved.
  "It is well enough, Simonides," said Ben-Hur. "A man bears a hard
doom better, knowing there is pity for him. Let me go on."
  They gave him ear again.
  "I was about to say," he continued, "I have no choice, but take
the part you assign me; and as remaining here is to met an ignoble
death, I will to the work at once."
  "Shall we have writings?" asked Simonides, moved by his habit of
business.
  "I rest upon your word," said Ben-Hur.
  "And I," Ilderim answered.
  Thus simply was effected the treaty which was to alter Ben-Hur's
life. And almost immediately the latter added-
  "It is done, then."
  "May the God of Abraham help us!" Simonides exclaimed.
  "One word now, my friends," Ben-Hur said, more cheerfully. "By
your leave, I will be my own until after the games. It is not probable
Messala will set peril on foot for me until he has given the
procurator time to answer him; and that cannot be in less than seven
days from the despatch of his letter. The meeting him in the Circus is
a pleasure I would buy at whatever risk."
  Ilderim, well pleased, assented readily, and Simonides, intent on
business, added, "It is well; for look you, my master, the delay
will give me time to do you a good part. I understood you to speak
of an inheritance derived from Arrius. Is it in property?"
  "A villa near Misenum, and houses in Rome."
  "I suggest, then, the sale of the property, and safe deposit of
the proceeds. Give me an account of it, and I will have authorities
drawn, and despatch an agent on the mission forthwith. We will
forestall the imperial robbers at least this once."
  "You shall have the account to-morrow."
  "Then, if there be nothing more, the work of the night is done,"
said Simonides.
  Ilderim combed his beard complacently, saying, "And well done."
  "The bread and wine again, Esther. Sheik Ilderim will make us
happy by staying with us till to-morrow, or at his pleasure; and thou,
my master- "
  "Let the horses be brought," said Ben-Hur. "I will return to the
Orchard. The enemy will not discover me if I go now, and"- he
glanced at Ilderim- "the four will be glad to see me."
  As the day dawned, he and Malluch dismounted at the door of the
tent.
                        CHAPTER IX.
                     ESTHER AND BEN-HUR.

  NEXT night, about the fourth hour, Ben-Hur stood on the terrace of
the great warehouse with Esther. Below them, on the landing, there was
much running about, and shifting of packages and boxes, and shouting
of men, whose figures, stooping, heaving, hauling, looked, in the
light of the crackling torches kindled in their aid, like the
labouring genii of the fantastic Eastern tales. A galley was being
laden for instant departure. Simonides had not yet come from his
office, in which, at the last moment, he would deliver to the
captain of the vessel instructions to proceed without stop to Ostia,
the seaport of Rome, and, after landing a passenger there, continue
more leisurely to Valentia, on the coast of Spain.
  The passenger is the agent going to dispose of the estate derived
from Arrius the duumvir. When the lines of the vessel are cast off,
and she is put about, and her voyage begun, Ben-Hur will be
committed irrevocably to the work undertaken the night before. If he
is disposed to repent the agreement with Ilderim, a little time is
allowed him to give notice and break it off. He is master, and has
only to say the word.
  Such may have been the thought at the moment in his mind. He was
standing with folded arms, looking upon the scene in the manner of a
man debating with himself. Young, handsome, rich, but recently from
the patrician circles of Roman society, it is easy to think of the
world besetting him with appeals not to give more to onerous duty or
ambition attended with outlawry and danger. We can even imagine the
arguments with which he was pressed; the hopelessness of contention
with Caesar; the uncertainty veiling everything connected with the
King and his coming; the ease, honours, state, purchaseable like goods
in market; and strongest of all, the sense newly acquired of home,
with friends to make it delightful. Only those who have been wanderers
long desolate can know the power there was in the latter appeal.
  Let us add, now, the world- always cunning enough of itself;
always whispering to the weak, Stay, take thine ease; always
presenting the sunny side of life- the world was in this instance
helped by Ben-Hur's companion.
  "Were you ever at Rome?" he asked.
  "No," Esther replied.
  "Would you like to go?"
  "I think not."
  "Why?"
  "I am afraid of Rome," she answered, with a perceptible tremor of
the voice.
  He looked at her then- or rather down upon her, for at his side
she appeared little more than a child. In the dim light he could not
see her face distinctly; even the form was shadowy. But again he was
reminded of Tirzah, and a sudden tenderness fell upon him- just so the
lost sister stood with him on the house-top the calamitous morning
of the accident to Gratus. Poor Tirzah! Where was she now? Esther
had the benefit of the feeling evoked. If not his sister, he could
never look upon her as his servant; and that she was his servant in
fact would make him always the more considerate and gentle towards
her.
  "I cannot think of Rome," she continued, recovering her voice, and
speaking in her quiet, womanly way- "I cannot think of Rome as a
city of palaces and temples, and crowded with people; she is to me a
monster which has possession of one of the beautiful lands, and lies
there luring men to ruin and death- a monster which it is not possible
to resist- a ravenous beast gorging with blood. Why- "
  She faltered, looked down, stopped.
  "Go on," said Ben-Hur, reassuringly.
  She drew closer to him, looked up again, and said- "Why trust you
make her your enemy? Why not rather make peace with her, and be at
rest? You have had many ills, and borne them; you have survived the
snares laid for you by foes. Sorrow has consumed your youth; is it
well to give it the remainder of your days?"
  The girlish face under his eyes seemed to come nearer and get whiter
as the pleading went on; he stooped towards it, and asked, softly,
"What would you have me do, Esther?"
  She hesitated a moment, then asked, in return, "Is the property near
Rome a residence?"
  "Yes."
  "And pretty?"
  "It is beautiful- a palace in the midst of gardens and
shell-strewn walks; fountains without and within; statuary in the
shady nooks; hills around covered with vines, and so high that
Neapolis and Vesuvius are in sight, and the sea an expanse of purpling
blue dotted with restless sails. Caesar has a country-seat near-by,
but in Rome they say the old Arrian villa is the prettiest."
  "And the life there, is it quiet?"
  "There was never a summer day, never a moonlit night, more quiet,
save when visitors come. Now that the old owner is gone, and I am
here, there is nothing to break its silence- nothing, unless it be the
whispering of servants, or the whistling of happy birds, or the
noise of fountains at play; it is changeless, except as day by day old
flowers fade and fall, and new ones bud and bloom, and the sunlight
gives place to the shadow of a passing cloud. The life, Esther, was
all too quiet for me. It made me restless by keeping always present
a feeling that I, who have so much to do, was dropping into idle
habits, and tying myself with silken chains, and after a while- and
not a long while either- would end with nothing done."
  She looked off over the river.
  "Why did you ask?" he said.
  "Good, my master- "
  "No, no, Esther- not that. Call me friend- brother, if you will; I
am not your master, and will not be. Call me brother."
  He could not see the flush of pleasure which reddened her face,
and the glow of the eyes that went out lost in the void above the
river.
  "I cannot understand," she said, "the nature which prefers the
life you are going to- a life of- "
  "Of violence, and it may be of blood," he said, completing the
sentence.
  "Yes," she added, "the nature which could prefer that life to such
as might be in the beautiful villa."
  "Esther, you mistake. There is no preference. Alas! the Roman is not
so kind. I am going of necessity. To stay here is to die; and if I
go there, the end will be the same- a poisoned cup, a bravo's blow, or
a Judge's sentence obtained by perjury. Messala and the procurator
Gratus are rich with plunder of my father's estate, and it is more
important to them to keep their gains now than was their getting in
the first instance. A peaceable settlement is out of reach, because of
the confession it would imply. And then- then- Ah, Esther, if I
could buy them, I do not know that I would. I do not believe peace
possible to me; no, not even in the sleepy shade and sweet air of
the marble porches of the old villa- no matter who might be there to
help me bear the burden of the days nor by what patience of love she
made the effort. Peace is not possible to me while my people are lost,
for I must be watchful to find them. If I find them, and they have
suffered wrong, shall not the guilty suffer for it? If they are dead
by violence, shall the murderers escape? Oh, I could not sleep for
dreams! Nor could the holiest love, by any stratagem, lull me to a
rest which conscience would not strangle."
  "Is it so bad then?" she asked, her voice tremulous with feeling.
"Can nothing, nothing be done?"
  Ben-Hur took her hand.
  "Do you care so much for me?"
  "Yes," she answered, simply.
  The hand was warm, and in the palm of his it was lost. He felt it
tremble. Then the Egyptian came, so the opposite of this little one;
so tall, so audacious, with a flattery so cunning, a wit so ready, a
beauty so wonderful, a manner so bewitching. He carried the hand to
his lips, and gave it back.
  "You shall be another Tirzah to me, Esther."
  "Who is Tirzah."
  "The little sister the Roman stole from me, and whom I must find
before I can rest or be happy."
  Just then a gleam of light flashed athwart the terrace and fell upon
the two; and, looking round, they saw a servant roll Simonides in
his chair out of the door. They went to the merchant, and in the
after-talk he was principal.
  Immediately the lines of the galley were cast off, and she swung
round, and, midst the flashing of torches and the shouting of joyous
sailors, hurried off to the sea- leaving Ben-Hur committed to the
cause of the KING WHO WAS TO COME.
                        CHAPTER X.
                    POSTED FOR THE RACE.

  THE day before the games, in the afternoon, all Ilderim's racing
property was taken to the city, and put in quarters adjoining the
Circus. Along with it the good man carried a great deal of property
not of that class; so with servants, retainers mounted and armed,
horses in leading, cattle driven, camels laden with baggage, his
outgoing from the Orchard was not unlike a tribal migration. The
people along the road failed not to laugh at his motley procession; on
the other side, it was observed that, with all his irascibility, he
was not in the least offended by their rudeness. If he was under
surveillance, as he had reason to believe, the informer would describe
the semi-barbarous show with which he came up to the races. The Romans
would laugh; the city would be amused; but what cared he? Next morning
the pageant would be far on the road to the desert, and going with
it would be every movable thing of value belonging to the Orchard-
everything save such as were essential to the success of his four.
He was, in fact, started home; his tents were all folded; the dowar
was no more; in twelve hours all would be out of reach, pursue who
might. A man is never safer than when he is under the laugh; and the
shrewd old Arab knew it.
  Neither he nor Ben-Hur over-estimated the influence of Messala; it
was their opinion, however, that he would not begin active measures
against them until after the meeting in the Circus; if defeated there,
especially if defeated by Ben-Hur, they might instantly look for the
worst he could do; he might not even wait for advices from Gratus.
With this view, they shaped their course, and were prepared to
betake themselves out of harm's way. They rode together now in good
spirits, calmly confident of success on the morrow.
  On the way, they came upon Malluch in waiting for them. The faithful
fellow gave no sign by which it was possible to infer any knowledge on
his part of the relationship so recently admitted between Ben-Hur
and Simonides, or of the treaty between them and Ilderim. He exchanged
salutations as usual, and produced a paper, saying to the sheik, "I
have here the notice of the editor of the games, just issued, in which
you will find your horses published for the race. You will find in
it also the order of exercises. Without waiting, good sheik, I
congratulate you upon your victory."
  He gave the paper over, and, leaving the worthy to master it, turned
to Ben-Hur.
  "To you also, son of Arrius, my congratulations. There is nothing
now to prevent your meeting Messala. Every condition preliminary to
the race is complied with. I have the assurance from the editor
himself."
  "I thank you, Malluch," said Ben-Hur.
  Malluch proceeded-
  "Your colour is white, and Messala's mixed scarlet and gold. The
good effects of the choice are visible already. Boys are now hawking
white ribbons along the streets; to-morrow every Arab and Jew in the
city will wear them. In the circus you will see the white fairly
divide the galleries with the red."
  "The galleries- but not the tribunal over the Porta Pompae."
  "No; the scarlet and gold will rule there. But if we win"- Malluch
chuckled with the pleasure of the thought- "if we win, how the
dignitaries will tremble! They will bet, of course, according to their
scorn of everything not Roman- two, three, five to one on Messala,
because he is Roman." Dropping his voice yet lower, he added, "it
ill becomes a Jew of good standing in the Temple to put his money at
such a hazard; yet, in confidence, I will have a friend next behind
the consul's seat to accept offers of three to one, or five, or ten-
the madness may go to such height. I have put to his order six
thousand shekels for the purpose."
  "Nay, Malluch," said Ben-Hur, "a Roman will wager only in his
Roman coin. Suppose you find your friend to-night, and place to his
order sestertii in such amount as you choose. And look you, Malluch-
let him be instructed to seek wagers with Messala and his
supporters; Ilderim's four against Messala's."
  Malluch reflected a moment.
  "The effect will be to centre interest upon your contest."
  "The very thing I seek, Malluch."
  "I see, I see."
  "Ay, Malluch; would you serve me perfectly, help me to fix the
public eye upon our race- Messala's and mine."
  Malluch spoke quickly- "It can be done."
  "Then let it be done," said Ben-Hur.
  "Enormous wagers offered will answer; if the offers are accepted,
all the better."
  Malluch turned his eyes watchfully upon Ben-Hur.
  "Shall I not have back the equivalent of his robbery?" said Ben-Hur,
partly to himself. "Another opportunity may not come. And if I could
break him in fortune as well as in pride! Our father Jacob could
take no offence."
  A look of determined will knit his handsome face, giving emphasis to
his further speech.
  "Yes, it shall be. Hark, Malluch! Stop not in thy offer of
sestertii. Advance them to talents, if any there be who dare so
high. Five, ten, twenty talents; ay, fifty, so the wager be with
Messala himself."
  "It is a mighty sum," said Malluch. "I must have security."
  "So thou shalt. Go to Simonides, and tell him I wish the matter
arranged. Tell him my heart is set on the ruin of my enemy and that
the opportunity hath such excellent promise that I choose such
hazards. On our side be the God of our fathers! Go, good Malluch.
Let this not slip."
  And Malluch, greatly delighted, gave him parting salutation, and
started to ride away, but returned presently.
  "Your pardon," he said to Ben-Hur. "There was another matter. I
could not get near Messala's chariot myself, but I had another measure
it; and, from his report, its hub stands quite a palm higher from
the ground than yours."
  "A palm! So much?" cried Ben-Hur, joyfully.
  Then he leaned over to Malluch.
  "As thou art a son of Judah, Malluch, and faithful to thy kin, get
thee a seat in the gallery over the Gate of Triumph, down close to the
balcony in front of the pillars, and watch well when we make the turns
there; watch well, for if I have favour at all, I will- Nay,
Malluch, let it go unsaid! Only get thee there, and watch well.
  At that moment a cry burst from Ilderim.
  "Ha! By the splendour of God! what is this?"
  He drew near Ben-Hur with a finger pointing on the face of the
notice.
  "Read," said Ben-Hur.
  "No; better thou."
  Ben-Hur took the paper, which, signed by the prefect of the province
as editor, performed the office of a modern programme, giving
particularly the several divertisements provided for the occasion.
It informed the public that there would be first a procession of
extraordinary splendour; that the procession would be succeeded by the
customary honours to the god Consus whereupon the games would begin;
running, leaping, wrestling, boxing, each in the order stated. The
names of the competitors were given, with their several
nationalities and schools of training, the trials in which they had
been engaged, the prizes won, and the prizes now offered; under the
latter head the sums of money were stated in illuminated letters,
telling of the departure of the day when the simple chaplet of pine or
laurel was fully enough for the victor, hungering for glory as
something better than riches, and content with it.
  Over these parts of the programme Ben-Hur sped with rapid eyes. At
last he came to the announcement of the race. He read it slowly.
Attending lovers of the heroic sports were assured they would
certainly be gratified by an Orestean struggle unparalleled in
Antioch. The city offered the spectacle in honour of the consul. One
hundred thousand sestertii and a crown of laurel were the prizes. Then
followed the particulars. The entries were six in all- fours only
permitted; and, to further interest in the performance, the
competitors would be turned into the course together. Each four then
received description.

  "I. A four of Lysippus the Corinthian- two greys, a bay, and a
black; entered at Alexandria last year, and again at Corinth, where
they were winners. Lysippus, driver. Colour, yellow.
  "II. A four of Messala of Rome- two white, two black; victors of the
Circensian as exhibited in the Circus Maximus last year. Messala,
driver. Colours, scarlet and gold.
  "III. A four of Cleanthes the Athenian- three grey, one bay; winners
at the Isthmian last year. Cleanthes, driver. Colour, green.
  "IV. A four of Dicaeus the Byzantine- two black, one grey, one
bay; winners this year at Byzantium. Dicaeus, driver. Colour, black.
  "V. A four of Admetus the Sidonian- all greys. Thrice entered at
Caesarea, and thrice victors. Admetus, driver. Colour, blue.
  "VI. A four of Ilderim, sheik of the Desert. All bays; first race.
Ben-Hur, a Jew, driver. Colour, white.

  Ben-Hur, a Jew, driver!
  Why that name instead of Arrius?
  Ben-Hur raised his eyes to Ilderim. He had found the cause of the
Arab's outcry. Both rushed to the same conclusion.
  The hand was the hand of Messala!
                        CHAPTER XI.
                     MAKING THE WAGERS.

  EVENING was hardly come upon Antioch, when the Omphalus, nearly in
the centre of the city, became a troubled fountain from which in every
direction, but chiefly down to the Nymphaeum and east and west along
the Colonnade of Herod, flowed currents of people, for the time
given up to Bacchus and Apollo.
  For such indulgence anything more fitting cannot be imagined than
the great roofed streets, which were literally miles on miles of
porticos wrought of marble, polished to the last degree of finish, and
all gifts to the voluptuous city by princes careless of expenditure
where, as in this instance, they thought they were eternising
themselves. Darkness was not permitted anywhere; and the singing,
the laughter, the shouting, were incessant, and in compound like the
roar of waters dashing through hollow grots, confused by a multitude
of echoes.
  The many nationalities represented, though they might have amazed
a stranger, were not peculiar to Antioch. Of the various missions of
the great empire, one seems to have been the fusion of men and the
introduction of strangers to each other; accordingly, whole peoples
rose up and went at pleasure, taking with them their costumes,
customs, speech, and gods; and where they chose, they stopped, engaged
in business, built houses, erected altars, and were what they had been
at home.
  There was a peculiarity, however, which could not have failed the
notice of a looker-on this night in Antioch. Nearly everybody wore the
colours of one or other of the charioteers announced for the
morrow's race. Sometimes it was in form of a scarf, sometimes a badge;
often a ribbon or a feather. Whatever the form, it signified merely
the wearer's partiality; thus, green published a friend of Cleanthes
the Athenian, and black an adherent of the Byzantine. This was
according to a custom, old probably as the day of the race of Orestes-
a custom, by-the-way, worthy of study as a marvel of history,
illustrative of the absurd yet appalling extremities to which men
frequently suffer their follies to drag them.
  The observer abroad on this occasion, once attracted to the
wearing of colours, would have very shortly decided that there were
three in predominance- green, white, and the mixed scarlet and gold.
  But let us from the streets to the palace on the island.
  The five great chandeliers in the saloon are freshly lighted. The
assemblage is much the same as that already noticed in connection with
the place. The divan has its corps of sleepers and burden of garments,
and the tables yet resound with the rattle and clash of dice. Yet
the greater part of the company are not doing anything. They walk
about, or yawn tremendously, or pause as they pass each other to
exchange idle nothings. Will the weather be fair to-morrow? Are the
preparations for the games complete? Do the laws of the Circus in
Antioch differ from the laws of the Circus in Rome? Truth is, the
young fellows are suffering ennui. Their heavy work is done; that
is, we would find their tablets, could we look at them, covered with
memoranda of wagers- wagers on every contest; on the running, the
wrestling, the boxing; on everything but the chariot-race.
  And why not on that?
  Good reader, they cannot find anybody who will hazard so much as a
denarius with them against Messala.
  There are no colours in the saloon but his.
  No one thinks of his defeat.
  Why, they say, is he not perfect in his training? Did he not
graduate from an imperial lanista? Were not his horses winners at
the Circensian in the Circus Maximus? And then- ah, yes! he is a
Roman!
  In a corner, at ease on the divan, Messala himself may be seen.
Around him, sitting or standing, are his courtierly admirers, plying
him with questions. There is, of course, but one topic.
  Enter Drusus and Cecilius.
  "Ah!" cries the young prince, throwing himself on the divan at
Messala's feet, "ah, by Bacchus, I am tired!"
  "Whither away?" asks Messala.
  "Up the street; up to the Omphalus, and beyond- who shall say how
far? Rivers of people; never so many in the city before. They say we
will see the whole world at the Circus to-morrow."
  Messala laughed scornfully.
  "The idiots! Perpol! They never beheld a Circensian with Caesar
for editor. But, my Drusus, what found you?"
  "Nothing."
  "Oh- ah! You forget," said Cecilius.
  "What?" asked Drusus.
  "The procession of whites."
  "Mirabile!" cried Drusus, half rising. "We met a faction of
whites, and they had a banner. But- ha, ha, ha!"
  He fell back indolently.
  "Cruel Drusus- not to go on," said Messala.
  "Scum of the desert were they, my Messala, and garbage-eaters from
the Jacob's Temple in Jerusalem. What had I to do with them?"
  "Nay," said Cecilius, "Drusus is afraid of a laugh, but I am not, my
Messala."
  "Speak thou, then."
  "Well, we stopped the faction, and- "
  "Offered them a wager," said Drusus, relenting, and taking the
word from the shadow's mouth. "And- ha, ha, ha!- one fellow with not
enough skin on his face to make a worm for a carp stepped forth,
and- ha, ha, ha!- said yes. I drew my tablets. 'Who is your man?' I
asked. 'Ben-Hur, the Jew,' said he. Then I: 'What shall it be? How
much?' He answered, 'A- a-' Excuse me, Messala. By Jove's thunder, I
cannot go on for laughter! Ha, ha, ha!"
  The listeners leaned forward.
  Messala looked to Cecilius.
  "A shekel," said the latter.
  "A shekel! A shekel!"
  A burst of scornful laughter ran fast upon the repetition.
  "And what did Drusus?" asked Messala.
  An outcry over about the door just then occasioned a rush to that
quarter; and, as the noise there continued, and grew louder, even
Cecilius betook himself off, pausing only to say, "The noble Drusus,
my Messala, put up his tablets and- lost the shekel."
  "A white! A white!"
  "Let him come!"
  "This way, this way!"
  These and like exclamations filled the saloon, to the stoppage of
other speech. The dice-players quit their games; the sleepers awoke,
rubbed their eyes, drew their tablets, and hurried to the common
centre.
  "I offer you- "
  "And I- "
  "I- "
  The person so warmly received was the respectable Jew, Ben-Hur's
fellow-voyager from Cyprus. He entered, grave, quiet, observant. His
robe was spotlessly white; so was the cloth of his turban. Bowing
and smiling at the welcome, he moved slowly towards the central table.
Arrived there, he drew his robe about him in a stately manner, took
seat, and waved his hand. The gleam of a jewel on a finger helped
him not a little to the silence which ensued.
  "Romans- most noble Romans- I salute you!" he said.
  "Easy, by Jupiter! Who is he?" asked Drusus.
  "A dog of Israel- Sanballat by name- purveyor for the army;
residence, Rome; vastly rich; grown so as a contractor of furnishments
which he never furnishes. He spins mischief, nevertheless, finer
than spiders spin their webs. Come- by the girdle of Venus! let us
catch him!"
  Messala arose as he spoke, and, with Drusus, joined the mass crowded
about the purveyor.
  "It came to me on the street," said that person, producing his
tablets, and opening them on the table with an impressive air of
business, "that there was great discomfort in the palace because
offers on Messala were going without takers. The gods, you know,
must have sacrifices; and here I am. You see my colour; let us to
the matter. Odds first, amounts next. What will you give me?"
  The audacity seemed to stun his hearers.
  "Haste!" he said. "I have an engagement with the consul."
  The spur was effective.
  "Two to one," cried half-a-dozen in a voice.
  "What!" exclaimed the purveyor, astonished. "Only two to one, and
yours a Roman!"
  "Take three, then."
  "Three say you- only three- and mine but a dog of a Jew! Give me
four."
  "Four it is," said a boy, stung by the taunt.
  "Five- give me five," cried the purveyor, instantly.
  A profound stillness fell upon the assemblage.
  "The consul- your master and mine- is waiting for me."
  The inaction became awkward to the many.
  "Give me five- for the honour of Rome, five."
  "Five let it be," said one in answer.
  There was a sharp cheer- a commotion- and Messala himself appeared.
  "Five let it be," he said.
  And Sanballat smiled, and made ready to write.
  "If Caesar die to-morrow," he said, "Rome will not be all bereft.
There is at least one other with spirit to take his place. Give me
six."
  "Six be it," answered Messala.
  There was another shout louder than the first.
  "Six be it," repeated Messala. "Six to one- the difference between a
Roman and a Jew. And, having found it, now, O redemptor of the flesh
of swine, let us on. The amount- and quickly. The consul may send
for thee, and I will then be bereft."
  Sanballat took the laugh against him coolly, and wrote, and
offered the writing to Messala.
  "Read, read!" everybody demanded.
  And Messala read-

  "Mem- Chariot-race. Messala of Rome, in wager with Sanballat, also
of Rome, says he will beat Ben-Hur, the Jew. Amount of wager, twenty
talents. Odds to Sanballat, six to one.
      "Witnesses:                                      "SANBALLAT."

  There was no noise, no motion. Each person seemed held in the pose
the reading found him. Messala stared at the memorandum, while the
eyes which had him in view opened wide, and stared at him. He felt the
gaze, and thought rapidly. So lately he stood in the same place, and
in the same way hectored the countrymen around him. They would
remember it. If he refused to sign, his heroship was lost. And sign he
could not; he was not worth one hundred talents, nor the fifth part of
the sum. Suddenly his mind became a blank; he stood speechless; the
colour fled his face. An idea at last came to his relief.
  "Thou Jew!" he said, "where hast thou twenty talents? Show me."
  Sanballat's provoking smile deepened.
  "There," he replied, offering Messala a paper.
  "Read, read!" arose all round.
  Again Messala read-

                                      "AT ANTIOCH, Tammuz 16th day.
  "The bearer, Sanballat of Rome, hath now to his order with me
fifty talents, coin of Caesar.
                                                       "SIMONIDES."

  "Fifty talents, fifty talents!" echoed the throng, in amazement.
  Then Drusus came to the rescue.
  "By Hercules!" he shouted, "the paper lies, and the Jew is a liar.
Who but Caesar hath fifty talents at order? Down with the insolent
white!"
  The cry was angry, and it was angrily repeated; yet Sanballat kept
his seat, and his smile grew more exasperating the longer he waited.
At length Messala spoke.
  "Hush! One to one, my countrymen- one to one, for love of our
ancient Roman name."
  The timely action recovered him his ascendancy.
  "O thou circumcised dog!" he continued, to Sanballat, "I gave thee
six to one, did I not?"
  "Yes," said the Jew, quietly.
  "Well, give me now the fixing of the amount."
  "With reserve, if the amount be trifling, have thy will," answered
Sanballat.
  "Write, then, five in place of twenty."
  "Hast thou so much?"
  "By the mother of the gods, I will show you receipts."
  "Nay, the word of so brave a Roman must pass. Only make the sum
even- six make it, and I will write."
  "Write it so."
  And forthwith they exchanged writings.
  Sanballat immediately arose and looked around him, a sneer in
place of his smile. No man better than he knew those with whom he
was dealing.
  "Romans," he said, "another wager, if you dare! Five talents against
five talents that the white will win. I challenge you collectively."
  They were again surprised.
  "What!" he cried louder. "Shall it be said in the Circus to-morrow
that a dog of Israel went into the saloon of the palace full of
Roman nobles- among them the scion of a Caesar- and laid five
talents before them in challenge, and they had not the courage to take
it up?"
  The sting was unendurable.
  "Have done, O insolent!" said Drusus; "write the challenge, and
leave it on the table; and to-morrow, if we find thou hast indeed so
much money to put at such hopeless hazard, I, Drusus, promise it shall
be taken."
  Sanballat wrote again, and, rising, said, unmoved as ever, "See,
Drusus, I leave the offer with you. When it is signed, send it to me
any time before the race begins. I will be found with the consul in
a seat over the Porta Pompae. Peace to you; peace to all."
  He bowed, and departed, careless of the shout of derision with which
they pursued him out of the door.
  In the night the story of the prodigious wager flew along the
streets and over the city; and Ben-Hur, lying with his four, was
told of it, and also that Messala's whole fortune was on the hazard.
  And he slept never so soundly.
                        CHAPTER XII.
                        THE CIRCUS.

  THE Circus at Antioch stood on the south bank of the river, nearly
opposite the island, differing in no respect from the plan of such
buildings in general.
  In the purest sense, the games were a gift to the public;
consequently, everybody was free to attend; and, vast as the holding
capacity of the structure was, so fearful were the people, on this
occasion, lest there should not be room for them, that, early the
day before the opening of the exhibition, they took up all the
vacant spaces in the vicinity, where their temporary shelter suggested
an army in waiting.
  At midnight the entrances were thrown wide, and the rabble,
surging in, occupied the quarters assigned to them, from which nothing
less than an earthquake or an army with spears could have dislodged
them. They dozed the night away on the benches, and breakfasted there;
and there the close of the exercises found them, patient and
sight-hungry as in the beginning.
  The better people, their seats secured, began moving towards the
Circus about the first hour of the morning, the noble and very rich
among them distinguished by litters and retinues of liveried servants.
  By the second hour, the efflux from the city was a stream unbroken
and innumerable.
  Exactly as the gnomon of the official dial up in the citadel pointed
the second hour half gone, the legion, in full panoply, and with an
its standards on exhibit, descended from Mount Sulpius; and when the
rear of the last cohort disappeared in the bridge, Antioch was
literally abandoned- not that the Circus could hold the multitude, but
that the multitude was gone out to it, nevertheless.
  A great concourse on the river shore witnessed the consul come
over from the island in a barge of state. As the great man landed, and
was received by the legion, the martial show for one brief moment
transcended the attraction of the Circus.
  At the third hour, the audience, if such it may be termed, was
assembled; at last, a flourish of trumpets called for silence, and
instantly the gaze of over a hundred thousand persons was directed
towards a pile forming the eastern section of the building.
  There was a basement first, broken in the middle by a broad arched
passage, called the Porta Pompae, over which, on an elevated
tribunal magnificently decorated with insignia and legionary
standards, the consul sat in the place of honour. On both sides of the
passage the basement was divided into stalls termed carceres, each
protected in front by massive gates swung to statuesque pilasters.
Over the stalls next was a cornice crowned by a low balustrade; back
of which the seats arose in theatre arrangement, all occupied by a
throng of dignitaries superbly attired. The pile extended the width of
the Circus, and was flanked on both sides by towers which, besides
helping the architects give grace to their work, served the velaria,
or purple awnings, stretched between them so as to throw the whole
quarter in a shade that became exceedingly grateful as the day
advanced.
  This structure, it is now thought, can be made useful in helping the
reader to a sufficient understanding of the arrangement of the rest of
the interior of the Circus. He has only to fancy himself seated on the
tribunal with the consul, facing to the west, where everything is
under his eye.
  On the right and left, if he will look, he will see the main
entrances, very ample, and guarded by gates hinged to the towers.
  Directly below him is the arena- a level plane of considerable
extent, covered with fine white sand. There all the trials will take
place except the running.
  Looking across this sanded arena westwardly still, there is a
pedestal of marble supporting three low conical pillars of grey stone,
much carven. Many an eye will hunt for those pillars before the day is
done, for they are the first goal, and mark the beginning and end of
the race-course. Behind the pedestal, leaving a passage-way and
space for an altar, commences a wall ten or twelve feet in breadth and
five or six in height, extending thence exactly two hundred yards,
or one Olympic stadium. At the farther, or westward, extremity of
the wall there is another pedestal, surmounted with pillars which mark
the second goal.
  The racers will enter the course on the right of the first goal, and
keep the wall all the time to their left. The beginning and ending
points of the contest lie, consequently, directly in front of the
consul across the arena; and for that reason his seat was admittedly
the most desirable in the Circus.
  Now if the reader, who is still supposed to be seated on the
consular tribunal over the Porta Pompae, will look up from the
ground arrangement of the interior, the first point to attract his
notice will be the marking of the outer boundary-line of the course-
that is, a plain-faced, solid wall, fifteen or twenty feet in
height, with a balustrade on its cope, like that over the carceres, or
stall, in the east. This balcony, if followed round the course, will
be found broken in three places to allow passages of exit and
entrance, two in the north and one in the west; the latter very
ornate, and called the Gate of Triumph, because, when all is over, the
victors will pass out that way, crowned, and with triumphal escort and
ceremonies.
  At the west end the balcony encloses the course in the form of a
half-circle, and is made to uphold two great galleries.
  Directly behind the balustrade on the coping of the balcony is the
first seat, from which ascend the succeeding benches, each higher than
the one in front of it; giving to view a spectacle of surpassing
interest- the spectacle of a vast space ruddy and glistening with
human faces, and rich with vari-coloured costumes.
  The commonalty occupy quarters over in the west, beginning at the
point of termination of an awning, stretched, it would seem, for the
accommodation of the better classes exclusively.
  Having thus the whole interior of the Circus under view at the
moment of the sounding of the trumpets, let the reader next imagine
the multitude seated and sunk to sudden silence, and motionless in its
intensity of interest.
  Out of the Porta Pompae over in the east rises a sound mixed of
voices and instruments harmonized. Presently, forth issues the
chorus of the procession with which the celebration begins; the editor
and civic authorities of the city, givers of the games, follow in
robes and garlands; then the gods, some on platforms borne by men,
others in great four-wheel carriages gorgeously decorated; next
them, again, the contestants of the day, each in costume exactly as he
will run, wrestle, leap, box, or drive.
  Slowly crossing the arena, the procession proceeds to make circuit
of the course. The display is beautiful and imposing. Approval runs
before it in a shout, as the water rises and swells in front of a boat
in motion. If the dumb, figured gods make no sign of appreciation of
the welcome, the editor and his associates are not so backward.
  The reception of the athletes is even more demonstrative, for
there is not a man in the assemblage who has not something in wager
upon them, though but a mite or farthing. And it is noticeable, as the
classes move by, that the favourites among them are speedily singled
out: either their names are loudest in the uproar, or they are more
profusely showered with wreaths and garlands tossed to them from the
balcony.
  If there is a question as to the popularity with the public of the
several games, it is now put to rest. To the splendour of the chariots
and the superexcellent beauty of the horses, the charioteers add the
personality necessary to perfect the charm of their display. Their
tunics, short, sleeveless, and of the finest woollen texture, are of
the assigned colours. A horseman accompanies each one of them except
Ben-Hur, who, for some reason- possibly distrust- has chosen to go
alone; so, too, they are all helmeted but him. As they approach, the
spectators stand upon the benches, and there is a sensible deepening
of the clamour, in which a sharp listener may detect the shrill piping
of women and children; at the same time, the things roseate flying
from the balcony thicken into a storm, and, striking the men, drop
into the chariot-beds, which are threatened with filling to the
tops. Even the horses have a share in the ovation; nor may it be
said they are less conscious than their masters of the honours they
receive.
  Very soon, as with the other contestants, it is made apparent that
some of the drivers are more in favour than others; and then the
discovery follows that nearly every individual on the benches, women
and children as well as men, wears a colour, most frequently a
ribbon upon the breast or in the hair: now it is green, now yellow,
now blue; but, searching the great body carefully, it is manifest that
there is a preponderance of white, and scarlet and gold.
  In a modern assemblage called together as this one is,
particularly where there are sums at hazard upon the race, a
preference would be decided by the qualities or performance of the
horses; here, however, nationality was the rule. If the Byzantine
and Sidonian found small support, it was because their cities were
scarcely represented on the benches. On their side, the Greeks, though
very numerous, were divided between the Corinthian and the Athenian,
leaving but a scant showing of green and yellow. Messala's scarlet and
gold would have been but little better had not the citizens of
Antioch, proverbially a race of courtiers, joined the Romans by
adopting the colour of their favourite. There were left then the
country people, or Syrians, the Jews, and the Arabs; and they, from
faith in the blood of the sheik's four, blent largely with hate of the
Romans, whom they desired, above all things, to see beaten and
humbled, mounted the white, making the most noisy, and probably the
most numerous, faction of all.
  As the charioteers move on in the circuit, the excitement increases;
at the second goal, where, especially in the galleries, the white is
the ruling colour, the people exhaust their flowers and rive the air
with screams.
  "Messala! Messala!"
  "Ben-Hur! Ben-Hur!"
  Such are the cries.
  Upon the passage of the procession, the factionists take their seats
and resume conversation.
  "Ah, by Bacchus! was he not handsome?" exclaims a woman. whose
Romanism is betrayed by the colours flying in her hair.
  "And how splendid his chariot!" replies a neighbour, of the same
proclivities. "It is all ivory and gold. Jupiter grant he wins!"
  The notes on the bench behind them were entirely different.
  "A hundred shekels on the Jew!"
  The voice is high and shrill.
  "Nay, be thou not rash," whispers a moderating friend to the
speaker. "The children of Jacob are not much given to Gentile
sports, which are too often accursed in the sight of the Lord."
  "True, but saw you ever one more cool and assured? And what an arm
he has!"
  "And what horses!" says a third.
  "And for that," a fourth one adds, "they say he has all the tricks
of the Romans."
  A woman completes the eulogium.
  "Yes, and he is even handsomer than the Roman."
  Thus encouraged, the enthusiast shrieks again, "A hundred shekels on
the Jew!"
  "Thou fool!" answers an Antiochian, from a bench well forward on the
balcony. "Knowest thou not there are fifty talents laid against him,
six to one, on Messala? Put up thy shekels, lest Abraham rise and
smite thee."
  "Ha, ha! thou ass of Antioch! Cease thy bray. Knowest thou not it
was Messala betting on himself?"
  Such the reply.
  And so ran the controversy, not always good-natured.
  When at length the march was ended and the Porta Pompae received
back the procession, Ben-Hur knew he had his prayer.
  The eyes of the East were upon his contest with Messala.
                        CHAPTER XIII.
                         THE START.

  ABOUT three o'clock, speaking in modern style, the programme was
concluded except the chariot-race. The editor, wisely considerate of
the comfort of the people, chose that time for a recess. At once the
vomitoria were thrown open, and all who could hastened to the
portico outside where the restaurateurs had their quarters. Those
who remained yawned, talked, gossiped, consulted their tablets, and,
all distinctions else forgotten, merged into but two classes- the
winners, who were happy, and the losers, who were grim and captious.
  Now, however, a third class of spectators, composed of citizens
who desired only to witness the chariot-race, availed themselves of
the recess to come in and take their reserved seats; by so doing
they thought to attract the least attention and give the least
offence. Among these were Simonides and his party, whose places were
in the vicinity of the main entrance on the north side, opposite the
consul.
  As the four stout servants carried the merchant in his chair up
the aisle, curiosity was much excited. Presently some one called his
name. Those about caught it and passed it on along the benches to
the west; and there was hurried climbing on seats to get sight of
the man about whom common report had coined and put in circulation a
romance so mixed of good fortune and bad that the like had never
been known or heard of before.
  Ilderim was also recognized and warmly greeted; but nobody knew
Balthasar or the two women who followed him closely veiled.
  The people made way for the party respectfully, and the ushers
seated them in easy speaking distance of each other down by the
balustrade overlooking the arena. In providence of comfort, they sat
upon cushions and had stools for foot-rests.
  The women were Iras and Esther.
  Upon being seated, the latter cast a frightened look over the
Circus, and drew the veil closer about her face; while the Egyptian,
letting her veil fall upon her shoulders, gave herself to view, and
gazed at the scene with the seeming unconsciousness of being stared
at, which, in a woman, is usually the result of long social habitude.
  The new-comers generally were yet making their first examination
of the great spectacle, beginning with the consul and his
attendants, when some workmen ran in and commenced to stretch a
chalked rope across the arena from balcony to balcony in front of
the pillars of the first goal.
  About the same time, also, six men came in through the Porta
Pompae and took post, one in front of each occupied stall; whereat
there was a prolonged hum of voices in every quarter.
  "See, see! The green goes to number four on the right; the
Athenian is there."
  "And Messala- yes, he is number two."
  "The Corinthian- "
  "Watch the white! See, he crosses over- he stops; number one it
is- number one on the left."
  "No, the black stops there, and the white at number two."
  "So it is."
  These gate-keepers, it should be understood, were dressed in
tunics coloured like those of the competing charioteers; so, when they
took their stations, everybody knew the particular stall in which
his favourite was that moment waiting.
  "Did you ever see Messala?" the Egyptian asked Esther.
  The Jewess shuddered as she answered no. If not her father's
enemy, the Roman was Ben-Hur's.
  "He is beautiful as Apollo."
  As Iras spoke, her large eyes brightened and she shook her
jewelled fan. Esther looked at her with the thought, "Is he, then,
so much handsomer than Ben-Hur?" Next moment she heard Ilderim say
to her father, "Yes, his stall is number two on the left of the
Porta Pompae;" and, thinking it was of Ben-Hur he spoke, her eyes
turned that way. Taking but the briefest glance at the wattled face of
the gate, she drew the veil close and muttered a little prayer.
  Presently Sanballat came to the party.
  "I am just from the stalls, O sheik," he said, bowing gravely to
Ilderim, who began combing his beard, while his eyes glittered with
eager inquiry. "The horses are in perfect condition."
  Ilderim replied simply, "If they are beaten, I pray it be by some
other than Messala."
  Turning then to Simonides, Sanballat drew out a tablet, saying, "I
bring you also something of interest. I reported, you will remember,
the wager concluded with Messala last night, and stated that I left
another which, if taken, was to be delivered to me in writing to-day
before the race began. Here it is."
  Simonides took the tablet and read the memorandum carefully.
  "Yes," he said, "their emissary came to ask me if you had so much
money with me. Keep the tablet close. If you lose, you know where to
come; if you win"- his face knit hard- "if you win- ah, friend, see to
it! See the signers escape not; hold them to the last shekel. That
is what they would with us."
  "Trust me," replied the purveyor.
  "Will you not sit with us?" asked Simonides.
  "You are very good," the other returned; "but if I leave the consul,
young Rome yonder will boil over. Peace to you; peace to all."
  At length the recess came to an end.
  The trumpeters blew a call at which the absentees rushed back to
their places. At the same time, some attendants appeared in the arena,
and, climbing upon the division wall, went to an entablature near
the second goal at the west end, and placed upon it seven wooden
balls; then returning to the first goal, upon an entablature there
they set up seven other pieces of wood hewn to represent dolphins.
  "What shall they do with the balls and fishes, O sheik?" asked
Balthasar.
  "Hast thou never attended a race?"
  "Never before; and hardly know I why I am here."
  "Well, they are to keep the count. At the end of each round run thou
shalt see one ball and one fish taken down."
  The preparations were now complete, and presently a trumpeter in
gaudy uniform arose by the editor, ready to blow the signal of
commencement promptly at his order. Straightway the stir of the people
and the hum of their conversation died away. Every face near-by, and
every face in the lessening perspective, turned to the east, as all
eyes settled upon the gates of the six stalls which shut in the
competitors.
  The unusual flush upon his face gave proof that even Simonides had
caught the universal excitement. Ilderim pulled his beard fast and
furious.
  "Look now for the Roman," said the fair Egyptian to Esther, who
did not hear her, for, with close-drawn veil and beating heart, she
sat watching for Ben-Hur.
  The structure containing the stalls, it should be observed, was in
form of the segment of a circle, retired on the right so that its
central point was projected forward, and midway the course, on the
starting side of the first goal. Every stall, consequently, was
equally distant from the starting-line or chalked rope above
mentioned.
  The trumpet sounded short and sharp; whereupon the starters, one for
each chariot, leaped down from behind the pillars of the goal, ready
to give assistance if any of the fours proved unmanageable.
  Again the trumpet blew, and simultaneously the gate-keepers threw
the stalls open.
  First appeared the mounted attendants of the charioteers, five in
all, Ben-Hur having rejected the service. The chalked line was lowered
to let them pass, then raised again. They were beautifully mounted,
yet scarcely observed as they rode forward; for all the time the
trampling of eager horses, and the voices of drivers scarcely less
eager, were heard behind in the stalls, so that one might not look
away an instant from the gaping doors.
  The chalked line up again, the gate-keepers called their men;
instantly the ushers on the balcony waved their hands, and shouted
with all their strength, "Down! down!"
  As well have whistled to stay a storm.
  Forth from each stall, like missiles in a volley from so many
great guns, rushed the six fours; and up the vast assemblage arose,
electrified and irrepressible, and, leaping upon the benches, filled
the Circus and the air above it with yells and screams. This was the
time for which they had so patiently waited!- this the moment of
supreme interest treasured up in talk and dreams since the
proclamation of the games!
  "He is come- there- look!" cried Iras, pointing to Messala.
  "I see him," answered Esther, looking at Ben-Hur.
  The veil was withdrawn. For an instant the little Jewess was
brave. An idea of the joy there is in doing an heroic deed under the
eyes of a multitude came to her, and she understood ever after how, at
such times, the souls of men, in the frenzy of performance, laugh at
death or forget it utterly.
  The competitors were now under view from nearly every part of the
Circus, yet the race was not begun; they had first to make the chalked
line successfully.
  The line was stretched for the purpose of equalizing the start. If
it were dashed upon, discomfiture of man and horses might be
apprehended; on the other hand, to approach it timidly was to incur
the hazard of being thrown behind in the beginning of the race; and
that was certain forfeit of the great advantage always striven for-
the position next the division wall on the inner line of the course.
  This trial, its perils and consequences, the spectators knew
thoroughly; and if the opinion of old Nestor, uttered what time he
handed the reins to his son, were true-

       "It is not strength, but art, obtained the prize,
        And to be swift is less than to be wise,"

all on the benches might well look for warning of the winner to be now
given, justifying the interest with which they breathlessly watched
for the result.
  The arena swam in a dazzle of light; yet each driver looked first
thing for the rope, then for the coveted inner line. So, all six
aiming at the same point and speeding furiously, a collision seemed
inevitable; nor that merely. What if the editor, at the last moment,
dissatisfied with the start, should withhold the signal to drop the
rope? Or if he should not give it in time?
  The crossing was about two hundred and fifty feet in width. Quick
the eye, steady the hand, unerring the judgment required. If now one
look away! or his mind wander! or a rein slip! And what attraction
in the ensemble of the thousands over the spreading balcony!
Calculating upon the natural impulse to give one glance- just one-
in sooth of curiosity or vanity, malice might be there with an
artifice; while friendship and love, did they serve the same result,
might be as deadly as malice.
  The divine last touch in perfecting the beautiful is animation.
Can we accept the saying, then these latter days, so tame in pastime
and dull in sports, have scarcely anything to compare to the spectacle
offered by the six contestants. Let the reader try to fancy it; let
him first look down upon the arena, and see it glistening in its frame
of dull-grey granite walls; let him then, in this perfect field, see
the chariots, light of wheel, very graceful, and ornate as paint and
burnishing can make them- Messala's rich with ivory and gold; let
him see the drivers, erect and statuesque, undisturbed by the motion
of the cars, their limbs naked, and fresh and ruddy with the healthful
polish of the baths- in their right hands goads, suggestive of torture
dreadful to the thought- in their left hands, held in careful
separation, and high, that they may not interfere with view of the
steeds, the reins passing taut from the fore ends of the
carriage-poles; let him see the fours, chosen for beauty as well as
speed; let him see them in magnificent action, their masters not
more conscious of the situation and all that is asked and hoped from
them- their heads tossing, nostrils in play, now distent, now
contracted- limbs too dainty for the sand which they touch but to
spurn- limbs slender, yet with impact crushing as hammers- every
muscle of the rounded bodies instinct with glorious life, swelling,
diminishing, justifying the world in taking from them its ultimate
measure of force; finally, along with chariots, drivers, horses, let
the reader see the accompanying shadows fly; and, with such
distinctness as the picture comes, he may share the satisfaction and
deeper pleasure of those to whom it was a thrilling fact, not a feeble
fancy. Every age has its plenty of sorrows; heaven help where there
are no pleasures!
  The competitors having started each on the shortest line for the
position next the wall, yielding would be like giving up the race; and
who dared yield? It is not in common nature to change a purpose in
mid-career; and the cries of encouragement from the balcony were
indistinguishable and indescribable: a roar which had the same
effect upon all the drivers.
  The fours neared the rope together. Then the trumpeter by the
editor's side blew a signal vigorously. Twenty feet away it was not
heard. Seeing the action, however, the judges dropped the rope, and
not an instant too soon, for the hoof of one of Messala's horses
struck it as it fell. Nothing daunted, the Roman shook out his long
lash, loosed the reins, leaned forward, and, with a triumphant
shout, took the wall.
  "Jove with us! Jove with us!" yelled all the Roman faction, in a
frenzy of delight.
  As Messala turned in, the bronze lion's head at the end of his
axle caught the fore-leg of the Athenian's right-hand trace-mate,
flinging the brute over against its yoke-fellow. Both staggered,
struggled, and lost their headway. The ushers had their will, at least
in part. The thousands held their breath with horror; only up where
the consul sat was there shouting.
  "Jove with us!" screamed Drusus, frantically.
  "He wins! Jove with us!" answered his associates, seeing Messala
speed on.
  Tablet in hand, Sanballat turned to them; a crash from the course
below stopped his speech, and he could not but look that way.
  Messala having passed, the Corinthian was the only contestant on the
Athenian's right, and to that side the latter tried to turn his broken
four; and then, as ill-fortune would have it, the wheel of the
Byzantine, who was next on the left, struck the tail-piece of his
chariot, knocking his feet from under him. There was a crash, a scream
of rage and fear, and the unfortunate Cleanthes fell under the hoofs
of his own steeds: a terrible sight, against which Esther covered
her eyes.
  On swept the Corinthian, on the Byzantine, on the Sidonian.
  Sanballat looked for Ben-Hur, and turned again to Drusus and his
coterie.
  "A hundred sestertii on the Jew!" he cried.
  "Taken!" answered Drusus.
  "Another hundred on the Jew!" shouted Sanballat.
  Nobody appeared to hear him. He called again; the situation below
was too absorbing, and they were too busy shouting, "Messala! Messala!
Jove with us!"
  When the Jewess ventured to look again, a party of workmen were
removing the horses and broken car; another party were taking off
the man himself; and every bench upon which there was a Greek was
vocal with execrations and prayers for vengeance. Suddenly she dropped
her hands; Ben-Hur, unhurt, was to the front, coursing freely
forward along with the Roman! Behind them, in a group, followed the
Sidonian, the Corinthian, and the Byzantine.
  The race was on; the souls of the racers were in it; over them
bent the myriads.
                        CHAPTER XIV.
                         THE RACE.

  WHEN the dash for position began, Ben-Hur, as we have seen, was on
the extreme left of the six. For a moment, like the others, he was
half-blinded by the light in the arena; yet he managed to catch
sight of his antagonists and divine their purpose. At Messala, who was
more than an antagonist to him, he gave one searching look. The air of
passionless hauteur characteristic of the fine patrician face was
there as of old, and so was the Italian beauty, which the helmet
rather increased; but more- it may have been a jealous fancy, or the
effect of the brassy shadow in which the features were at the moment
cast, still the Israelite thought he saw the soul of the man as
through a glass, darkly: cruel, cunning, desperate; not so excited
as determined- a soul in a tension of watchfulness and fierce resolve.
  In a time not longer than was required to turn to his four again,
Ben-Hur felt his own resolution harden to a like temper. At whatever
cost, at all hazards, he would humble this enemy! Prize, friends,
wagers, honour- everything that can be thought of as a possible
interest in the race was lost in the one deliberate purpose. Regard
for life even should not hold him back. Yet there was no passion on
his part; no blinding rush of heated blood from heart to brain, and
back again; no impulse to fling himself upon Fortune: he did not
believe in Fortune; far otherwise. He had his plan, and, confiding
in himself, he settled to the task never more observant, never more
capable. The air about him seemed aglow with a renewed and perfect
transparency.
  When not half-way across the arena, he saw that Messala's rush
would, if there was no collision, and the rope fell, give him the
wall; that the rope would fall, he ceased as soon to doubt; and,
further, it came to him, a sudden flash-like insight, that Messala
knew it was to be let drop at the last moment (pre-arrangement with
the editor could safely reach that point in the contest); and it
suggested, what more Roman-like than for the official to lend
himself to a countryman who, besides being so popular, had also so
much at stake? There could be no other accounting for the confidence
with which Messala pushed his four forward the instant his competitors
were prudentially checking their fours in front of the obstruction- no
other except madness.
  It is one thing to see a necessity and another to act upon it.
Ben-Hur yielded the wall for the time.
  The rope fell, and all the four but his sprang into the course under
urgency of voice and lash. He drew head to the right, and, with all
the speed of his Arabs, darted across the trails of his opponents, the
angle of movement being such as to lose the least time and gain the
greatest possible advance. So, while the spectators were shivering
at the Athenian's mishap, and the Sidonian, Byzantine, and
Corinthian were striving, with such skill as they possessed, to
avoid involvement in the ruin, Ben-Hur swept around and took the
course neck and neck with Messala, though on the outside. The
marvellous skill shown in making the change thus from the extreme left
across to the right without appreciable loss did not fail the sharp
eyes upon the benches: the Circus seemed to rock and rock again with
prolonged applause. Then Esther clasped her hands in glad surprise;
then Sanballat, smiling, offered his hundred sestertii a second time
without a taker; and then the Romans began to doubt, thinking
Messala might have found an equal, if not a master, and that in an
Israelite!
  And now, racing together side by side, a narrow interval between
them, the two neared the second goal.
  The pedestal of the three pillars there, viewed from the west, was a
stone wall in the form of a half-circle, around which the course and
opposite balcony were bent in exact parallelism. Making this turn
was considered in all respects the most telling test of a
charioteer; it was, in fact, the very feat in which Orestes failed. As
an involuntary admission of interest on the part of the spectators,
a hush fell over all the Circus, so that for the first time in the
race the rattle and clang of the cars plunging after the tugging
steeds were distinctly heard. Then, it would seem, Messala observed
Ben-Hur, and recognized him; and at once the audacity of the man
flamed out in an astonishing manner.
  "Down Eros, up Mars!" he shouted, whirling his lash with practised
hand- "Down Eros, up Mars!" he repeated, and caught the well-doing
Arabs of Ben-Hur a cut the like of which they had never known.
  The blow was seen in every quarter, and the amazement was universal.
The silence deepened; up on the benches behind the consul the
boldest held his breath, waiting for the outcome. Only a moment
thus: then, involuntarily, down from the balcony, as thunder falls,
burst the indignant cry of the people.
  The four sprang forward affrighted. No hand had ever been laid
upon them except in love; they had been nurtured ever so tenderly; and
as they grew, their confidence in man became a lesson to men beautiful
to see. What should such dainty natures do under such indignity but
leap as from death?
  Forward they sprang as with one impulse, and forward leaped the car.
Past question, every experience is serviceable to us. Where got
Ben-Hur the large hand and mighty grip which helped him now so well?
Where but from the oar with which so long he fought the sea? And
what was this spring of the floor under his feet to the dizzy
eccentric lurch with which in the old time the trembling ship
yielded to the beat of staggering billows, drunk with their power?
So he kept his place, and gave the four free rein, and called to
them in soothing voice, trying merely to guide them round the
dangerous turn; and before the fever of the people began to abate,
he had back the mastery. Nor that only: on approaching the first goal,
he was again side by side with Messala, bearing with him the
sympathy and admiration of every one not a Roman. So clearly was the
feeling shown, so vigorous its manifestation, that Messala, with all
his boldness, felt it unsafe to trifle further.
  As the cars whirled round the goal, Esther caught sight of Ben-Hur's
face- a little pale, a little higher raised, otherwise calm, even
placid.
  Immediately a man climbed on the entablature at the west end of
the division wall, and took down one of the conical wooden balls. A
dolphin on the east entablature was taken down at the same time.
  In like manner, the second ball and second dolphin disappeared.
  And then the third ball and third dolphin.
  Three rounds concluded: still Messala held the inside position;
still Ben-Hur moved with him side by side; still the other competitors
followed as before. The contest began to have the appearance of one of
the double races which became so popular in Rome during the later
Caesarean period- Messala and Ben-Hur in the first, the Corinthian,
Sidonian, and Byzantine in the second. Meantime the ushers succeeded
in returning the multitude to their seats, though the clamour
continued to run the rounds, keeping, as it were, even pace with the
rivals in the course below.
  In the fifth round the Sidonian succeeded in getting a place outside
Ben-Hur, but lost it directly.
  The sixth round was entered upon without change of relative
position.
  Gradually the speed had been quickened- gradually the blood of the
competitors warmed with the work. Men and beasts seemed to know
alike that the final crisis was near, bringing the time for the winner
to assert himself.
  The interest which from the beginning had centred chiefly in the
struggle between the Roman and the Jew, with an intense and general
sympathy for the latter, was fast changing to anxiety on his
account. On all the benches the spectators bent forward motionless,
except as their faces turned following the contestants. Ilderim
quitted combing his beard, and Esther forgot her fears.
  "A hundred sestertii on the Jew!" cried Sanballat to the Romans
under the consul's awning.
  There was no reply.
  "A talent- or five talents, or ten; choose ye!"
  He shook his tablets at them defiantly.
  "I will take thy sestertii," answered a Roman youth, preparing to
write.
  "Do not so," interposed a friend.
  "Why?"
  "Messala hath reached his utmost speed. See him lean over his
chariot-rim, the reins loose as flying-ribbons. Look then at the Jew."
  The first one looked.
  "By Hercules!" he replied, his countenance falling. "The dog
throws all his weight on the bits. I see, I see! If the gods help
not our friend, he will be run away with by the Israelite. No, not
yet. Look! Jove with us, Jove with us!"
  The cry, swelled by every Latin tongue, shook the velaria over the
consul's head.
  If it were true that Messala had attained his utmost speed, the
effort was with effect; slowly but certainly he was beginning to forge
ahead. His horses were running with their heads low down; from the
balcony their bodies appeared actually to skim the earth; their
nostrils showed blood-red in expansion; their eyes seemed straining in
their sockets. Certainly the good steeds were doing their best! How
long could they keep the pace? It was but the commencement of the
sixth round. On they dashed. As they neared the second goal, Ben-Hur
turned in behind the Roman's car.
  The joy of the Messala faction reached its bound: they screamed
and howled, and tossed their colours; and Sanballat filled his tablets
with wagers of their tendering.
  Malluch, in the lower gallery over the Gate of Triumph, found it
hard to keep his cheer. He had cherished the vague hint dropped to him
by Ben-Hur of something to happen in the turning of the western
pillars. It was the fifth round, yet the something had not come; and
he had said to himself, the sixth will bring it; but, lo! Ben-Hur
was hardly holding a place at the tail of his enemy's car.
  Over in the east end, Simonides' party held their peace. The
merchant's head was bent low. Ilderim tugged at his beard, and dropped
his brows till there was nothing of his eyes but an occasional sparkle
of light. Esther scarcely breathed. Iras alone appeared glad.
  Along the home-stretch- sixth round- Messala leading, next him
Ben-Hur, and so close, it was the old story-

         "First flew Eumelus on Pheretian steeds;
          With those of Tros bold Diomed succeeds:
          Close on Eumelus' back they puff the wind,
          And seem just mounting on his car behind;
          Full on his neck he feels the sultry breeze,
          And, hovering o'er, their stretching shadow sees."

  Thus to the first goal, and round it. Messala, fearful of losing his
place, hugged the stony wall with perilous clasp; a foot to the
left, and he had been dashed to pieces; yet, when the turn was
finished, no man, looking at the wheel-tracks of the two cars, could
have said, here went Messala, there the Jew. They left but one trace
behind them.
  As they whirled by, Esther saw Ben-Hur's face again, and it was
whiter than before.
  Simonides, shrewder than Esther, said to Ilderim, the moment the
rivals turned into the course, "I am no judge, good sheik, if
Ben-Hur be not about to execute some design. His face hath that look."
  To which Ilderim answered, "Saw you how clean they were and fresh?
By the splendour of God, friend, they have not been running! But now
watch!"
  One ball and one dolphin remained on the entablatures; and all the
people drew a long breath, for the beginning of the end was at hand.
  First, the Sidonian gave the scourge to his four, and, smarting with
fear and pain, they dashed desperately forward, promising for a
brief time to go to the front. The effort ended in promise. Next,
the Byzantine and Corinthian each made the trial with like result,
after which they were practically out of the race. Thereupon, with a
readiness perfectly explicable, all the factions except the Romans
joined hope in Ben-Hur, and openly indulged their feeling.
  "Ben-Hur! Ben-Hur!" they shouted, and the blent voices of the many
rolled overwhelmingly against the consular stand.
  From the benches above him as he passed the favour descended in
fierce injunctions.
  "Speed thee, Jew!"
  "Take the wall now!"
  "On! loose the Arabs! Give them rein and scourge!"
  "Let them not have the turn on thee again. Now or never!"
  Over the balustrade they stooped low, stretching their hands
imploringly to him.
  Either he did not hear, or could not do better, for half-way round
the course, and he was still following; at the second goal even
still no change?
  And now, to make the turn, Messala began to draw in his left-hand
steeds, an act which necessarily slackened their speed. His spirit was
high; more than one altar was richer of his vows; the Roman genius was
still president. On the three pillars only six hundred feet away
were fame, increase of fortune, promotions, and a triumph, ineffably
sweetened by hate, all in store for him! That moment Malluch, in the
gallery, saw Ben-Hur lean forward over his Arabs, and give them the
reins. Out flew the many-folded lash in his hand; over the backs of
the startled steeds it writhed and hissed, and hissed and writhed
again and again; and though it fell not, there were both sting and
menace in its quick report; and as the man passed thus from quiet to
resistless action, his face suffused, his eyes gleaming, along the
reins he seemed to flash his will; and instantly not one, but the four
as one, answered with a leap that landed them alongside the Roman's
car. Messala, on the perilous edge of the goal, heard, but dared not
look to see what the awakening portended. From the people he
received no sign. Above the noises of the race there was but one
voice, and that was Ben-Hur's. In the old Aramaic, as the sheik
himself, he called to the Arabs-
  "On, Atair! On, Rigel! What, Antares! dost thou linger now? Good
horse- oho, Aldebaran! I hear them singing in the tents. I hear the
children singing and the women- singing of the stars, of Atair,
Antares, Rigel, Aldebaran, victory!- and the song will never end. Well
done! Home to-morrow, under the black tent- home!- On, Antares! The
tribe is waiting for us, and the master is waiting! 'Tis done! 'tis
done! Ha, ha! We have overthrown the proud. The hand that smote us
in the dust. Ours the glory! Ha, ha!- steady! The work is done-
soho! Rest!"
  There had never been anything of the kind more simple; seldom
anything so instantaneous.
  At the moment chosen for the dash, Messala was moving in a circle
round the goal. To pass him, Ben-Hur had to cross the track, and
good strategy required the movement to be in a forward direction; that
is, on a like circle limited to the least possible increase. The
thousands on the benches understood it all: they saw the signal given-
the magnificent response; the four close outside Messala's outer
wheel; Ben-Hur's inner wheel behind the other's car- all this they
saw. Then they heard a crash loud enough to send a thrill through
the Circus, and, quicker than thought, out over the course a spray
of shining white and yellow flinders flew. Down on its right side
toppled the bed of the Roman's chariot. There was a rebound as of
the axle hitting the hard earth; another and another; then the car
went to pieces; and Messala, entangled in the reins, pitched forward
headlong.
  To increase the horror of the sight by making death certain, the
Sidonian, who had the wall next behind, could not stop or turn out.
Into the wreck full speed he drove; then over the Roman, and into
the latter's four, all mad with fear. Presently, out of the turmoil,
the fighting of horses, the resound of blows, the murky cloud of
dust and sand, he crawled, in time to see the Corinthian and Byzantine
go on down the course after Ben-Hur, who had not been an instant
delayed.
  The people arose, and leaped upon the benches, and shouted and
screamed. Those who looked that way caught glimpses of Messala, now
under the trampling of the fours, now under the abandoned cars. He was
still; they thought him dead; but far the greater number followed
Ben-Hur in his career. They had not seen the cunning touch of the
reins by which, turning a little to the left, he caught Messala's
wheel with the iron-shod point of his axle, and crushed it; but they
had seen the transformation of the man, and themselves felt the heat
and glow of his spirit, the heroic resolution, the maddening energy of
action with which, by look, word, and gesture, he so suddenly inspired
his Arabs. And such running! It was rather the long leaping of lions
in harness; but for the lumbering chariot, it seemed the four were
flying. When the Byzantine and Corinthian were half-way down the
course, Ben-Hur turned the first goal.
  And the race was WON!
  The consul arose; the people shouted themselves hoarse; the editor
came down from his seat, and crowned the victors.
  The fortunate man among the boxers was a low-browed, yellow-haired
Saxon, of such brutalized face as to attract a second look from
Ben-Hur, who recognized a teacher with whom he himself had been a
favourite at Rome. From him the young Jew looked up and beheld
Simonides and his party on the balcony. They waved their hands to him.
Esther kept her seat; but Iras arose, and gave him a smile and a
wave of her fan- favours not the less intoxicating to him because we
know, O reader, they would have fallen to Messala had he been the
victor.
  The procession was then formed, and, midst the shouting of the
multitude which had had its will, passed out of the Gate of Triumph.
  And the day was over.
                        CHAPTER XV.
                  THE INVITATION OF IRAS.

  BEN-HUR tarried across the river with Ilderim; for at midnight, as
previously determined, they would take the road which the caravan,
then thirty hours out, had pursued.
  The sheik was happy; his offers of gifts had been royal; but Ben-Hur
had refused everything, insisting that he was satisfied with the
humiliation of his enemy. The generous dispute was long continued.
  "Think," the sheik would say, "what thou hast done for me. In
every black tent down to the Akaba and to the ocean, and across to the
Euphrates, and beyond to the sea of the Scythians, the renown of my
Mira and her children will go; and they who sing of them will
magnify me, and forget that I am in the wane of life; and all the
spears now masterless will come to me, and my sword-hands multiply
past counting. Thou dost not know what it is to have sway of the
desert such as will now be mine. I tell thee it will bring tribute
incalculable from commerce, and immunity from kings. Ay, by the
sword of Solomon! doth my messenger seek favour for me of Caesar, that
will he get. Yet nothing- nothing?"
  And Ben-Hur would answer-
  "Nay, sheik, have I not thy hand and heart? Let thy increase of
power and influence inure to the King who comes. Who shall say it
was not allowed thee for him? In the work I am going to, I may have
great need. Saying no now will leave me to ask of thee with better
grace hereafter."
  In the midst of a controversy of the kind, two messengers arrived-
Malluch and one unknown. The former was admitted first.
  The good fellow did not attempt to hide his joy over the event of
the day.
  "But, coming to that with which I am charged," he said, "the
master Simonides sends me to say that, upon the adjournment of the
games, some of the Roman faction made haste to protest against payment
of the money prize."
  Ilderim started up, crying, in his shrillest tones-
  "By the splendour of God! the East shall decide whether the race was
fairly won."
  "Nay, good sheik," said Malluch, "the editor has paid the money."
  "Tis well."
  "When they said Ben-Hur struck Messala's wheel, the editor
laughed, and reminded them of the blow the Arabs had at the turn of
the goal."
  "And what of the Athenian?"
  "He is dead."
  "Dead!" cried Ben-Hur.
  "Dead!" echoed Ilderim. "What fortune these Roman monsters have!
Messala escaped?"
  "Escaped- yes, O sheik, with life; but it shall be a burden to
him. The physicians say he will live, but never walk again."
  Ben-Hur looked silently up to heaven. He had a vision of Messala,
chair-bound like Simonides, and, like him, going abroad on the
shoulders of servants. The good man had abode well; but what would
this one with his pride and ambition?
  "Simonides bade me say, further," Malluch continued, "Sanballat is
having trouble. Drusus, and those who signed with him, referred the
question of paying the five talents they lost to the Consul Maxentius,
and he has referred it to Caesar. Messala also refused his losses, and
Sanballat, in imitation of Drusus, went to the consul, where the
matter is still in advisement. The better Romans say the protestants
shall not be excused; and all the adverse factions join with them. The
city rings with the scandal."
  "What says Simonides?" asked Ben-Hur.
  "The master laughs, and is well pleased. If the Roman pays, he is
ruined; if he refuses to pay, he is dishonoured. The imperial policy
will decide the matter. To offend the East would be a bad beginning
with the Parthians; to offend Sheik Ilderim would be to antagonize the
desert, over which lie all Maxentius's lines of operation. Wherefore
Simonides bade me tell you to have no disquiet; Messala will pay."
  Ilderim was at once restored to his good-humour.
  "Let us be off now," he said, rubbing his hands. "The business
will do well with Simonides. The glory is ours. I will order the
horses."
  "Stay," said Malluch. "I left a messenger outside. Will you see
him?"
  "By the splendour of God! I forgot him."
  Malluch retired, and was succeeded by a lad of gentle manners and
delicate appearance, who knelt upon one knee, and said, winningly,
"Iras, the daughter of Balthasar, well known to good Sheik Ilderim,
hath intrusted me with a message to the sheik, who, she saith, will do
her great favour so he receive her congratulations on account of the
victory of his four."
  "The daughter of my friend is kind," said Ilderim, with sparkling
eyes. "Do thou give her this jewel, in sign of the pleasure I have
from her message."
  He took a ring from his finger as he spoke.
  "I will as thou sayest, O sheik," the lad replied, and continued,
"The daughter of the Egyptian charged me further. She prays the good
Sheik Ilderim to send word to the youth Ben-Hur that her father hath
taken residence for a time in the palace of Idernee, where she will
receive the youth after the fourth hour to-morrow. And if, with her
congratulations, Sheik Ilderim will accept her gratitude for this
other favour done, she will be ever so pleased."
  The sheik looked at Ben-Hur, whose face was suffused with pleasure.
  "What will you?" he asked.
  "By your leave, O sheik, I will see the fair Egyptian."
  Ilderim laughed, and said, "Shall not a man enjoy his youth?"
  Then Ben-Hur answered the messenger-
  "Say to her who sent you that I, Ben-Hur, will see her at the palace
of Idernee, wherever that may be, to-morrow at noon."
  The lad arose, and, with silent salute, departed.
  At midnight Ilderim took the road, having arranged to leave a
horse and a guide for Ben-Hur, who was to follow him.
                        CHAPTER XVI.
                  IN THE PALACE OF IDERNEE.

  GOING next day to fill his appointment with Iras, Ben-Hur turned
from the Omphalus, which was in the heart of the city, into the
Colonnade of Herod, and came shortly to the palace of Idernee.
  From the street he passed first into a vestibule, on the sides of
which were stairways under cover, leading up to a portico. Winged
lions sat by the stairs; in the middle there was a gigantic ibis
spouting water over the floor; the lions, ibis, walls, and floor
were reminders of the Egyptians: everything, even the balustrading
of the stairs, was of massive grey stone.
  Above the vestibule, and covering the landing of the steps, arose
the portico, a pillared grace, so light, so exquisitely
proportioned, it was at that period hardly possible of conception
except by a Greek. Of marble snowy white, its effect was that of a
lily dropped carelessly upon a great bare rock.
  Ben-Hur paused in the shade of the portico to admire its tracery and
finish, and the purity of its marble; then he passed on into the
palace. Ample folding-doors stood open to receive him. The passage
into which he first entered was high, but somewhat narrow; red
tiling formed the floor, and the walls were tinted to correspond.
Yet this plainness was a warning of something beautiful to come.
  He moved on slowly, all his faculties in repose. Presently he
would be in the presence of Iras; she was waiting for him; waiting
with song and story and badinage, sparkling, fanciful, capricious-
with smiles which glorified her glance, and glances which lent
voluptuous suggestion to her whisper. She had sent for him the evening
of the boat-ride on the lake in the Orchard of Palms; she had sent for
him now; and he was going to her in the beautiful palace of Idernee.
He was happy and dreamful rather than thoughtless.
  The passage brought him to a closed door, in front of which he
paused; and, as he did so, the broad leaves began to open of
themselves, without creak or sound of lock or latch, or touch of
foot or finger. The singularity was lost in the view that broke upon
him.
  Standing in the shade of the dull passage, and looking through the
doorway, he beheld the atrium of a Roman house, roomy and rich to a
fabulous degree of magnificence.
  How large the chamber was cannot be stated, because of the deceit
there is in exact proportions; its depth was vista-like, something
never to be said of an equal interior. When he stopped to make survey,
and looked down upon the floor, he was standing upon the breast of a
Leda, represented as caressing a swan; and, looking farther, he saw
the whole floor was similarly laid in mosaic pictures of
mythological subjects. And there were stools and chairs, each a
separate design, and a work of art exquisitely composed, and tables
much carven, and here and there couches which were invitations of
themselves. The articles of furniture, which stood out from the walls,
were duplicated on the floor distinctly as if they floated upon
unrippled water; even the panelling of the, walls, the figures upon
them in painting and bas-relief, and the fresco of the ceiling were
reflected on the floor. The ceiling curved up towards the centre,
where there was an opening through which the sunlight poured without
hindrance, and the sky, ever so blue, seemed in hand-reach; the
impluvium under the opening was guarded by bronzed rails; the gilded
pillars supporting the roof at the edges of the opening shone like
flame where the sun struck them, and their reflections beneath
seemed to stretch to infinite depth. And there were candelabra
quaint and curious, and statuary and vases; the whole making an
interior that would have befitted well the house on the Palatine
Hill which Cicero bought of Crassus, or that other, yet more famous
for extravagance, the Tusculan villa of Scaurus.
  Still in his dreamful mood, Ben-Hur sauntered about, charmed by
all he beheld, and waiting. He did not mind a little delay; when
Iras was ready, she would come or send a servant. In every
well-regulated Roman house the atrium was the reception chamber for
visitors.
  Twice, thrice, he made the round. As often he stood under the
opening in the roof, and pondered the sky and its azure depth; then,
leaning against a pillar, he studied the distribution of light and
shade, and its effects; here a veil diminishing objects, there a
brilliance exaggerating others; yet nobody came. Time, or rather the
passage of time, began at length to impress itself upon him, and he
wondered why Iras stayed so long. Again he traced out the figures upon
the floor, but not with the satisfaction that the first inspection
gave him. He paused often to listen: directly impatience blew a little
fevered breath upon his spirit; next time it blew stronger and hotter;
and at last he woke to a consciousness of the silence which held the
house in thrall, and the thought of it made him uneasy and
distrustful. Still he put the feeling off with a smile and a
promise. "Oh, she is giving the last touch to her eyelids, or she is
arranging a chaplet for me; she will come presently, more beautiful of
the delay!" He sat down then to admire a candelabrum- a bronze
plinth on rollers, filigree on the sides and edges; the post at one
end, and on the end opposite it an altar and a female celebrant; the
lamp-rests swinging by delicate chains from the extremities of
drooping palm-branches; altogether a wonder in its way. But the
silence would obtrude itself: he listened even as he looked at the
pretty object- he listened, but there was not a sound; the palace
was still as a tomb.
  There might be a mistake. No, the messenger had come from the
Egyptian, and this was the palace of Idernee. Then he remembered how
mysteriously the door had opened, so soundlessly, so of itself. He
would see!
  He went to the same door. Though he walked ever so lightly, the
sound of his stepping was loud and harsh, and he shrank from it. He
was getting nervous. The cumbrous Roman lock resisted his first effort
to raise it; and the second- the blood chilled in his cheek- he
wrenched with all his might: in vain- the door was not even shaken.
A sense of danger seized him, and for a moment he stood irresolute.
  Who in Antioch had the motive to do him harm?
  Messala!
  And this palace of Idernee? He had seen Egypt in the vestibule,
Athens in the snowy portico; but here, in the atrium, was Rome;
everything about him betrayed Roman ownership. True, the site was on
the great thoroughfare of the city, a very public place in which to do
him violence; but for that reason it was more accordant with the
audacious genius of his enemy. The atrium underwent a change; with all
its elegance and beauty, it was no more than a trap. Apprehension
always paints in black.
  The idea irritated Ben-Hur.
  There were many doors on the right and left of the atrium,
leading, doubtless, to sleeping-chambers; he tried them, but they were
all firmly fastened. Knocking might bring response. Ashamed to make
outcry, he betook himself to a couch, and, lying down, tried to
reflect.
  All too plainly he was a prisoner; but for what purpose? and by
whom?
  If the work were Messala's! He sat up, looked about, and smiled
defiantly. There were weapons in every table. But birds had been
starved in golden cages; not so would he- the couches would serve
him as battering-rams; and he was strong, and there was such
increase of might in rage and despair!
  Messala himself could not come. He would never walk again; he was
a cripple like Simonides; still he could move others. And where were
there not others to be moved by him? Ben-Hur arose, and tried the
doors again. Once be called out; the room echoed so that he was
startled. With such calmness as he could assume, he made up his mind
to wait a time before attempting to break a way out.
  In such a situation the mind has its ebb and flow of disquiet,
with intervals of peace between. At length- how long, though, he could
not have said- he came to the conclusion that the affair was an
accident or mistake. The palace certainly belonged to somebody; it
must have care and keeping; and the keeper would come; the evening
or the night would bring him. Patience! I
  So concluding, he waited.
  Half an hour passed- a much longer period to Ben-Hur- when the
door which had admitted him opened and closed noiselessly as before,
and without attracting his attention.
  The moment of the occurrence he was sitting at the farther end of
the room. A footstep startled him.
  "At last she has come!" he thought, with a throb of relief and
pleasure, and arose.
  The step was heavy, and accompanied with the gride and clang of
coarse sandals. The gilded pillars were between him and the door; he
advanced quietly, and leaned against one of them. Presently he heard
voices- the voices of men- one of them rough and guttural. What was
said he could not understand, as the language was not of the East or
South of Europe.
  After a general survey of the room, the strangers crossed to their
left, and were brought into Ben-Hur's view- two men, one very stout,
both tall, and both in short tunics. They had not the air of masters
of the house or domestics. Everything they saw appeared wonderful to
them; everything they stopped to examine they touched. They were
vulgarians. The atrium seemed profaned by their presence. At the
same time, their leisurely manner and the assurance with which they
proceeded pointed to some right or business; if business, with whom?
  With much jargon they sauntered this way and that, all the time
gradually approaching the pillar by which Ben-Hur was standing. Off
a little way, where a slanted gleam of the sun fell with a glare
upon the mosaic of the floor, there was a statue which attracted their
notice. In examining it, they stopped in the light.
  The mystery surrounding his own presence in the palace tended, as we
have seen, to make Ben-Hur nervous; so now, when in the tall stout
stranger he recognized the Northman whom he had known in Rome, and
seen crowned only the day before in the Circus as the winning
pugilist; when he saw the man's face, scarred with the wounds of
many battles, and imbruted by ferocious passions; when he surveyed the
fellow's naked limbs, very marvels of exercise and training, and his
shoulders of Herculean breadth, a thought of personal danger started a
chill along every vein. A sure instinct warned him that the
opportunity for murder was too perfect to have come by chance; and
here now were the myrmidons, and their business was with him. He
turned an anxious eye upon the Northman's comrade- young,
black-eyed, black-haired, and altogether Jewish in appearance; he
observed, also, that both the men were in costume exactly such as
professionals of their class were in the habit of wearing in the
arena. Putting the several circumstances together, Ben-Hur could not
be longer in doubt: he had been lured into the palace with design. Out
of reach of aid, in this splendid privacy, he was to die!
  At a loss what to do, he gazed from man to man, while there was
enacted within him that miracle of mind by which life is passed before
us in awful detail, to be looked at by ourselves as if it were
another's; and from the evolvement, from a hidden depth, cast up as it
were, by a hidden hand, he was given to see that he had entered upon a
new life, different from the old one in this: whereas, in that, he had
been the victim of violences done to him, henceforth he was to be
the aggressor. Only yesterday he had found his first victim! To the
purely Christian nature the presentation would have brought the
weakness of remorse. Not so with Ben-Hur; his spirit had its
emotions from the teachings of the first law-giver, not the last and
greatest one. He had dealt punishment, not wrong, to Messala. By
permission of the Lord, he had triumphed; and he derived faith from
the circumstance- faith, the source of all rational strength,
especially strength in peril.
  Nor did the influence stop there. The new life was made appear to
him a mission just begun, and holy as the King to come was holy, and
certain as the coming of the King was certain- a mission in which
force was lawful if only because it was unavoidable. Should he, on the
very threshold of such an errand, be afraid?
  He undid the sash around his waist, and, baring his head and casting
off his white Jewish gown, stood forth in an under-tunic not unlike
those of the enemy, and was ready, body and mind. Folding his arms, he
placed his back against the pillar, and calmly waited.
  The examination of the statue was brief. Directly the Northman
turned, and said something in the unknown tongue; then both looked
at Ben-Hur. A few more words, and they advanced towards him.
  "Who are you?" he asked, in Latin.
  The Northman fetched a smile which did not relieve his face of its
brutalism, and answered-
  "Barbarians."
  "This is the palace of Idernee. Whom seek you? Stand and answer."
  The words were spoken with earnestness. The strangers stopped, and
in his turn the Northman asked, "Who are you?"
  "A Roman."
  The giant laid his head back upon his shoulders.
  "Ha, ha, ha! I have heard how a god once came from a cow licking a
salted stone; but not even a god can make a Roman of a Jew."
  The laugh over, he spoke to his companion again, and they moved
nearer.
  "Hold!" said Ben-Hur, quitting the pillar. "One word."
  They stopped again.
  "A word!" replied the Saxon, folding his immense arms across his
breast, and relaxing the menace beginning to blacken his face. "A
word! Speak."
  "You are Thord the Northman."
  The giant opened his blue eyes.
  "You were lanista in Rome."
  Thord nodded.
  "I was your scholar."
  "No," said Thord, shaking his head. "By the beard of Irmin, I had
never a Jew to make a fighting-man of."
  "But I will prove my saying."
  "How?"
  "You came here to kill me."
  "That is true."
  "Then let this man fight me singly, and I will make the proof on his
body."
  A gleam of humour shone in the Northman's face. He spoke to his
companion, who made answer; then he replied with the naivete of a
diverted child-
  "Wait till I say begin."
  By repeated touches of his foot, he pushed a couch out on the floor,
and proceeded leisurely to stretch his burly form upon it; when
perfectly at ease, he said, simply, "Now begin."
  Without ado, Ben-Hur walked to his antagonist.
  "Defend thyself," he said.
  The man, nothing loath, put up his hands.
  As the two thus confronted each other in approved position, there
was no discernible inequality between them; on the contrary, they were
as like as brothers. To the stranger's confident smile Ben-Hur opposed
an earnestness which, had his skill been known, would have been
accepted fair warning of danger. Both knew the combat was to be
mortal.
  Ben-Hur feinted with his right hand. The stranger warded, slightly
advancing his left arm! Ere he could return to guard, Ben-Hur caught
him by the wrist in a grip which years at the oar had made terrible as
a vise. The surprise was complete, and no time given. To throw himself
forward; to push the arm across the man's throat and over his right
shoulder, and turn him left side front; to strike surely with the
ready left hand; to strike the bare neck under the ear- were but petty
divisions of the same act. No need of a second blow. The myrmidon fell
heavily, and without a cry, and lay still.
  Ben-Hur turned to Thord.
  "Ha! What! By the beard of Irmin!" the latter cried, in
astonishment, rising to a sitting posture. Then he laughed.
  "Ha, ha, ha! I could not have done it better myself."
  He viewed Ben-Hur coolly from head to foot, and, rising, faced him
with undisguised admiration.
  "It was my trick- the trick I have practised for ten years in the
schools of Rome. You are not a Jew. Who are you?"
  "You knew Arrius the duumvir."
  "Quintus Arrius? Yes, he was my patron."
  "He had a son."
  "Yes," said Thord, his battered features lighting dully, "I knew the
boy; he would have made a king gladiator. Caesar offered him his
patronage. I taught him the very trick you played on this one here-
a trick impossible except to a hand and arm like mine. It has won me
many a crown."
  "I am that son of Arrius."
  Thord drew nearer, and viewed him carefully; then his eyes
brightened with genuine pleasure, and, laughing, he held out his hand.
  "Ha, ha, ha! He told me I would find a Jew here- a Jew- a dog of a
Jew- killing whom was serving the gods."
  "Who told you so?" asked Ben-Hur, taking the hand.
  "He- Messala- ha, ha, ha!"
  "When, Thord?"
  "Last night."
  "I thought he was hurt."
  "He will never walk again. On his bed he told me between groans."
  A very vivid portrayal of hate in a few words; and Ben-Hur saw
that the Roman, if he lived, would still be capable and dangerous, and
follow him unrelentingly. Revenge remained to sweeten the ruined life;
therefore the clinging to fortune lost in the wager with Sanballat.
Ben-Hur ran the ground over, with a distinct foresight of the many
ways in which it would be possible for his enemy to interfere with him
in the work he had undertaken for the King who was coming. Why not
he resort to the Roman's methods? The man hired to kill him could be
hired to strike back. It was in his power to offer higher wages. The
temptation was strong; and, half yielding, he chanced to look down
at his late antagonist lying still, with white upturned face, so
like himself. A light came to him, and he asked, "Thord, what was
Messala to give you for killing me?"
  "A thousand sestertii."
  "You shall have them yet; and so you do now what I tell you, I
will add three thousand more to the sum."
  The giant reflected aloud-
  "I won five thousand yesterday; from the Roman one- six. Give me
four, good Arrius- four more- and I will stand firm for you, though
old Thor, my namesake, strike me with his hammer. Make it four, and
I will kill the lying patrician, if you say so. I have only to cover
his mouth with my hand- thus."
  He illustrated the process by clapping his hand over his own mouth.
  "I see," said Ben-Hur; "ten thousand sestertii is a fortune. It will
enable you to return to Rome, and open a wine-shop near the Great
Circus, and live as becomes the first of the lanistae."
  The very scars on the giant's face glowed afresh with the pleasure
the picture gave him.
  "I will make it four thousand," Ben-Hur continued; "and in what
you shall do for the money there will be no blood on your hands,
Thord. Hear me now. Did not your friend here look like me?"
  "I would have said he was an apple from the same tree."
  "Well, if I put on his tunic, and dress him in these clothes of
mine, and you and I go away together, leaving him here, can you not
get your sestertii from Messala all the same? You have only to make
him believe it me that is dead."
  Thord laughed till the tears ran into his mouth.
  "Ha, ha, ha! Ten thousand sestertii were never won so easily. And
a wine-shop by the Great Circus!- all for a lie without blood in it!
Ha, ha, ha! Give me thy hand, O son of Arrius. Get on now, and- ha,
ha, ha!- if ever you come to Rome, fail not to ask for the wine-shop
of Thord the Northman. By the beard of Irmin, I will give you the
best, though I borrow it from Caesar!"
  They shook hands again; after which the exchange of clothes was
effected. It was arranged then that a messenger should go at night
to Thord's lodging-place with the four thousand sestertii. When they
were done, the giant knocked at the front door; it opened to him; and,
passing out of the atrium, he led Ben-Hur into a room adjoining, where
the latter completed his attire from the coarse garments of the dead
pugilist. They separated directly in the Omphalus.
  "Fail not, O son of Arrius, fail not the wine-shop near the Great
Circus! Ha, ha, ha! By the beard of Irmin, there never was fortune
gained so cheap. The gods keep you."
  Upon leaving the atrium, Ben-Hur gave a last look at the myrmidon as
he lay in the Jewish vestments, and was satisfied. The likeness was
striking. If Thord kept faith, the cheat was a secret to endure
forever.
                         *   *   *   *   *
  At night, in the house of Simonides, Ben-Hur told the good man all
that had taken place in the palace of Idernee; and it was agreed that,
after a few days, public inquiry should be set afloat for the
discovery of the whereabouts of the son of Arrius. Eventually the
matter was to be carried boldly to Maxentius; then, if the mystery
came not out, it was concluded that Messala and Gratus would be at
rest and happy, and Ben-Hur free to betake himself to Jerusalem, to
make search for his lost people.
  At the leave-taking, Simonides sat in his chair out on the terrace
overlooking the river, and gave his farewell and the peace of the Lord
with the impressment of a father. Esther went with the young man to
the head of the steps.
  "If I find my mother, Esther, thou shalt go to her at Jerusalem, and
be a sister to Tirzah."
  And with the words he kissed her.
  Was it only a kiss of peace?
  He crossed the river next to the late quarters of Ilderim, where
he found the Arab who was to serve him as guide. The horses were
brought out.
  "This one is thine," said the Arab.
  Ben-Hur looked, and, lo! it was Aldebaran, the swiftest and
brightest of the sons of Mira, and, next to Sirius, the beloved of the
sheik; and he knew the old man's heart came to him along with the
gift.
  The corpse in the atrium was taken up and buried by night; and, as
part of Messala's plan, a courier was sent off to Gratus to make him
at rest by the announcement of Ben-Hur's death- this time past
question.
  Ere long a wine-shop was opened near the Circus Maximus, with
inscription over the door-
                         THORD THE NORTHMAN.
                       BOOK SIXTH.

             "Is that a Death? and are there two?
              Is Death that woman's mate?

              Her skin was as white as leprosy,
              The Nightmare Life-in-Death was she,
              Who thicks man's blood with cold."
                                             -COLERIDGE.

                        CHAPTER I.
            THE TOWER OF ANTONIA- CELL No. VI.

  OUR story moves forward now thirty days from the night Ben-Hur
left Antioch to go out with Sheik Ilderim into the desert.
  A great change has befallen- great at least as respects the fortunes
of our hero. Valerius Gratus has been succeeded by Pontius Pilate!
  The removal, it may be remarked, cost Simonides exactly five talents
Roman money in hand paid to Sejanus, who was then in height of power
as imperial favourite; the object being to help Ben-Hur, by
lessening his exposure while in and about Jerusalem attempting
discovery of his people. To such pious use the faithful servant put
the winnings from Drusus and his associates; all of whom, having
paid their wagers, became at once and naturally the enemies of
Messala, whose repudiation was yet an unsettled question in Rome.
  Brief as the time was, already the Jews knew the change of rulers
was not for the better.
  The cohorts sent to relieve the garrison of Antonia made their entry
into the city by night; next morning the first sight that greeted
the people resident in the neighbourhood was the walls of the old
Tower decorated with military ensigns, which unfortunately consisted
of busts of the emperor mixed with eagles and globes. A multitude,
in passion, marched to Caesarea, where Pilate was lingering, and
implored him to remove the detested images. Five days and nights
they beset his palace gates; at last he appointed a meeting with
them in the Circus. When they were assembled, he encircled them with
soldiers; instead of resisting, they offered him their lives, and
conquered. He recalled the images and ensigns to Caesarea, where
Gratus, with more consideration, had kept such abominations housed
during the eleven years of his reign.
  The worst of men do once in a while vary their wickednesses by
good acts; so with Pilate. He ordered an inspection of all the prisons
in Judea, and a return of the names of the persons in custody, with
a statement of the crimes for which they had been committed.
Doubtless, the motive was the one so common with officials just
installed- dread of entailed responsibility; the people, however, in
thought of the good which might come of the measure, gave him
credit, and, for a period, were comforted. The revelations were
astonishing. Hundreds of persons were released against whom there were
no accusations; many others came to light who had long been
accounted dead; yet more amazing, there was opening of dungeons not
merely unknown at the time by the people, but actually forgotten by
the prison authorities. With one instance of the latter kind we have
now to deal; and, strange to say, it occurred in Jerusalem.
  The Tower of Antonia, which will be remembered as occupying
two-thirds of the sacred area on Mount Moriah, was originally a castle
built by the Macedonians. Afterwards, John Hyrcanus erected the castle
into a fortress for the defence of the Temple, and in his day it was
considered impregnable to assault; but when Herod came with his bolder
genius, he strengthened its walls and extended them, leaving a vast
pile which included every appurtenance necessary for the stronghold he
intended it to be forever; such as offices, barracks, armories,
magazines, cisterns, and last, though not least, prisons of all
grades. He levelled the solid rock, and tapped it with deep
excavations, and built over them; connecting the whole great mass with
the Temple by a beautiful colonnade, from the roof of which one
could look down over the courts of the sacred structure. In such
condition the Tower fell at last out of his hands into those of the
Romans, who were quick to see its strength and advantages, and convert
it to uses becoming such masters. All through the administration of
Gratus it had been a garrisoned citadel and underground prison
terrible to revolutionists. Woe when the cohorts poured from its gates
to suppress disorder! Woe not less when a Jew passed the same gates
going in under arrest!
  With this explanation, we hasten to our story.
                      *   *   *   *   *
  The order of the new procurator requiring a report of the persons in
custody was received at the Tower of Antonia, and promptly executed;
and two days have gone since the last unfortunate was brought up for
examination. The tabulated statement, ready for forwarding, lies on
the table of the tribune in command; in five minutes more it will be
on the way to Pilate, sojourning in the palace up on Mount Zion.
  The tribune's office is spacious and cool, and furnished in a
style suitable to the dignity of the commandant of a post in every
respect so important. Looking in upon him about the seventh hour of
the day, the officer appears weary and impatient; when the report is
despatched, he will to the roof of the colonnade for air and exercise,
and the amusement to be had watching the Jews over in the courts of
the Temple. His subordinates and clerks share his impatience.
  In the spell of waiting a man appeared in a doorway leading to an
adjoining apartment. He rattled a bunch of keys, each heavy as a
hammer, and at once attracted the chief's attention.
  "Ah, Gesius! come in," the tribune said.
  As the new-comer approached the table behind which the chief sat
in an easy-chair, everybody present looked at him, and, observing a
certain expression of alarm and mortification on his face, became
silent that they might hear what he had to say.
  "O tribune!" he began, bending low, "I fear to tell what now I bring
you."
  "Another mistake- ha, Gesius?"
  "If I could persuade myself it is but a mistake, I would not be
afraid."
  "A crime then- or, worse, a breach of duty. Thou mayst laugh at
Caesar, or curse the gods, and live; but if the offence be to the
eagles- ah, thou knowest, Gesius- go on!"
  "It is now about eight years since Valerius Gratus selected me to be
keeper of prisoners here in the Tower," said the man, deliberately. "I
remember the morning I entered upon the duties of my office. There had
been a riot the day before, and fighting in the streets. We slew
many Jews, and suffered on our side. The affair came, it was said,
of an attempt to assassinate Gratus, who had been knocked from his
horse by a tile thrown from a roof. I found him sitting where you
now sit, O tribune, his head swathed in bandages. He told me of my
selection, and gave me these keys, numbered to correspond with the
numbers of the cells; they were the badges of my office, he said,
and not to be parted with. There was a roll of parchment on the table.
Calling me to him, he opened the roll. 'Here are maps of the cells,'
said he. There were three of them. 'This one,' he went on, 'shows
the arrangement of the upper floor; this second one gives you the
second floor; and this last is of the lower floor. I give them to
you in trust.' I took them from his hand, and he said, further, 'Now
you have the keys and the maps; go immediately, and acquaint
yourself with the whole arrangement; visit each cell, and see to its
condition. When anything is needed for the security of a prisoner,
order it according to your judgment, for you are the master under
me, and no other."
  "I saluted him, and turned to go away; he called me back. 'Ah, I
forgot,' he said. 'Give me the map of the third floor.' I gave it to
him, and he spread it upon the table. 'Here, Gesius,' he said, 'see
this cell.' He laid his finger on the one numbered V. 'There are three
men confined in that cell, desperate characters, who by some means got
hold of a state secret, and suffer for their curiosity, which'- he
looked at me severely- 'in such matters is worse than a crime.
Accordingly, they are blind and tongueless, and are placed there for
life. They shall have nothing but food and drink, to be given them
through a hole, which you will find in the wall covered by a slide. Do
you hear, Gesius?' I made him answer. 'It is well,' he continued. 'One
thing more which you shall not forget, or'- he looked at me
threateningly- 'The door of their cell- cell number V. on the same
floor- this one, Gesius'- he put his finger on the particular cell
to impress my memory- 'shall never be opened for any purpose,
neither to let one in nor out, not even yourself.' 'But if they
die?' I asked. 'If they die,' he said, 'the cell shall be their
tomb. They were put there to die, and be lost. The cell is leprous. Do
you understand?' With that he let me go."
  Gesius stopped, and from the breast of his tunic drew three
parchments, all much yellowed by time and use; selecting one of
them, he spread it upon the table before the tribune, saying,
simply, "This is the lower floor."
  The whole company looked at-

                       THE MAP
         |              PASSAGE            |
         |                                 |
         |--||----||------||-----||----||--|
         |     |      |       |      |     |
         |  V  |  IV  |  III  |  II  |  I  |

  "This is exactly, O tribune, as I had it from Gratus. See, there
is cell number V.," said Gesius.
  "I see," the tribune replied. "Go on now. The cell was leprous, he
said."
  "I would like to ask you a question," remarked the keeper, modestly.
  The tribune assented.
  "Had I not a right, under the circumstances, to believe the map a
true one?"
  "What else couldst thou?"
  "Well, it is not a true one."
  The chief looked up surprised.
  "It is not a true one," the keeper repeated. "It shows but five
cells upon that floor, while there are six."
  "Six sayest thou?"
  "I will show you the floor as it is- or as I believe it to be."
  Upon a page of his tablets, Gesius drew the following diagram, and
gave it to the tribune:-

         |                                 |
         |--||-----||-----||-----||----||--|
         |     |      |       |      |     |
         |  V  |  IV  |  III  |  II  |  I  |
         |--||-----------------------------|
         |                VI               |

  "Thou hast done well," said the tribune, examining the drawing,
and thinking the narrative at an end. "I will have the map
corrected, or, better, I will have a new one made, and given thee.
Come for it in the morning."
  So saying, he arose.
  "But hear me further, O tribune."
  "To-morrow, Gesius, to-morrow."
  "That which I have yet to tell will not wait."
  The tribune good-naturedly resumed his chair.
  "I will hurry," said the keeper, humbly, "only let me ask another
question. Had I not a right to believe Gratus in what he further
told me as to the prisoners in cell number V.?"
  "Yes, it was thy duty to believe there were three prisoners in the
cell- prisoners of state- blind and without tongues."
  "Well," said the keeper, "that was not true either."
  "No!" said the tribune, with returning interest.
  "Hear, and judge for yourself, O tribune. As required I visited
all the cells, beginning with those on the first floor, and ending
with those on the lower. The order that the door of number V. should
not be opened had been respected; through all the eight years food and
drink for three men had been passed through a hole in the wall. I went
to the door yesterday, curious to see the wretches who, against all
expectation, had lived so long. The locks refused the key. We pulled a
little, and the door fell down, rusted from its hinges. Going in, I
found but one man, old, blind, tongueless, and naked. His hair dropped
in stiffen'd mats below his waist. His skin was like the parchment
there. He held his hands out, and the finger-nails curled and
twisted like the claws of a bird. I asked him where his companions
were. He shook his head in denial. Thinking to find the others, we
searched the cell. The floor was dry; so were the walls. If three
men had been shut in there, and two of them had died, at least their
bones would have endured."
  "Wherefore thou thinkest- "
  "I think, O tribune, there has been but one prisoner there in the
eight years."
  The chief regarded the keeper sharply, and said, "Have a care;
thou art more than saying Valerius lied."
  Gesius bowed, but said, "He might have been mistaken."
  "No, he was right," said the tribune, warmly. "By thine own
statement he was right. Didst thou not say but now that for eight
years food and drink had been furnished three men?"
  The bystanders approved the shrewdness of their chief; yet Gesius
did not seem discomfited.
  "You have but half the story, O tribune. When you have it all, you
will agree with me. You know what I did with the man: that I sent
him to the bath, and had him shorn and clothed, and then took him to
the gate of the Tower, and bade him go free. I washed my hands of him.
To-day he came back, and was brought to me. By signs and tears he at
last made me understand he wished to return to his cell, and I so
ordered. As they were leading him off, he broke away and kissed my
feet, and, by piteous dumb imploration, insisted I should go with him;
and I went. The mystery of the three men stayed in my mind. I was
not satisfied about it. Now I am glad I yielded to his entreaty."
  The whole company at this point became very still.
  "When we were in the cell again, and the prisoner knew it, he caught
my hand eagerly, and led me to a hole like that through which we
were accustomed to pass him his food. Though large enough to push your
helmet through, it escaped me yesterday. Still holding my hand, he put
his face to the hole and gave a beastlike cry. A sound came faintly
back. I was astonished, and drew him away, and called out, 'Ho, here!'
At first there was no answer. I called again, and received back
these words, 'Be thou praised, O Lord!' Yet more astonishing, O
tribune, the voice was a woman's. And I asked 'Who are you?' and had
reply 'A woman of Israel, entombed here with her daughter. Help us
quickly, or we die.' I told them to be of cheer, and hurried here to
know your will."
  The tribune arose hastily.
  "Thou wert right, Gesius," he said, "and I see now. The map was a
lie, and so was the tale of the three men. There have been better
Romans than Valerius Gratus."
  "Yes," said the keeper. "I gleaned from the prisoner that he had
regularly given the women of the food and drink he had received."
  "It is accounted for," replied the tribune; and observing the
countenances of his friends, and reflecting how well it would be to
have witnesses, he added, "Let us rescue the women. Come all."
  Gesius was pleased.
  "We will have to pierce the wall," he said. "I found where a door
had been, but it was filled solidly with stones and mortar."
  The tribune stayed to say to a clerk, "Send workmen after me with
tools. Make haste; but hold the report, for I see it will have to be
corrected."
  In a short time they were gone.
                        CHAPTER II.
                        THE LEPERS.

  "A WOMAN of Israel, entombed here with her daughter. Help us
quickly, or we die."
  Such was the reply Gesius, the keeper, had from the cell which
appears on his amended map as VI. The reader, when he observed the
answer, knew who the unfortunates were, and, doubtless, said to
himself, "At last the mother of Ben-Hur, and Tirzah, his sister!"
  And so it was.
  The morning of their seizure, eight years before, they had been
carried to the Tower, where Gratus proposed to put them out of the
way. He had chosen the Tower for the purpose as more immediately in
his own keeping, and cell VI. because, first, it could be better
lost than any other; and, secondly, it was infected with leprosy;
for these prisoners were not merely to be put in a safe place, but
in a place to die. They were, accordingly, taken down by slaves in the
night-time when there were no witnesses of the deed; then, in
completion of the savage task, the same slaves walled up the door,
after which they were themselves separated, and sent away never to
be heard of more. To save accusation, and, in the event of
discovery, to leave himself such justification as might be allowed
in a distinction between the infliction of a punishment and the
commission of a double murder, Gratus preferred sinking his victims
where natural death was certain, though slow. That they might linger
along, he selected a convict who had been made blind and tongueless,
and sank him in the only connecting cell, there to serve them with
food and drink. Under no circumstances could the poor wretch tell
the tale or identify either the prisoners or their doomsman. So,
with a cunning partly due to Messala, the Roman, under colour of
punishing a brood of assassins, smoothed a path to confiscation of the
estate of the Hurs, of which no portion ever reached the imperial
coffers.
  As the last step in the scheme, Gratus summarily removed the old
keeper of the prisons, not because he knew what had been done- for
he did not- but because, knowing the underground floors as he did,
it would be next to impossible to keep the transaction from him. Then,
with masterly ingenuity, the procurator had new maps drawn for
delivery to a new keeper, with the omission, as we have seen, of
cell VI. The instructions given the latter, taken with the omission on
the map, accomplished the design- the cell and its unhappy tenants
were all alike lost.
  What may be thought of the life of the mother and daughter during
the eight years must have relation to their culture and previous
habits. Conditions are pleasant or grievous to us according to our
sensibilities. It is not extreme to say, if there was a sudden exit of
all men from the world, heaven, as prefigured in the Christian idea,
would not be a heaven to the majority; on the other hand, neither
would all suffer equally in the so-called Tophet. Cultivation has
its balances. As the mind is made intelligent, the capacity of the
soul for pure enjoyment is proportionally increased. Well,
therefore, if it be saved! If lost, however, alas that it ever had
cultivation! its capacity for enjoyment in the one case is the measure
of its capacity to suffer in the other. Wherefore repentance must be
something more than mere remorse for sins; it comprehends a change
of nature befitting heaven.
  We repeat, to form an adequate idea of the suffering endured by
the mother of Ben-Hur, the reader must think of her spirit and its
sensibilities as much as, if not more than, of the conditions of the
immurement; the question being, not what the conditions were, but
how she was affected by them. And now we may be permitted to say it
was in anticipation of this thought that the scene in the summer-house
on the roof of the family palace was given so fully in the beginning
of the Second Book of our story. So, too, to be helpful when the
inquiry should come up, we ventured the elaborate description of the
palace of the Hurs.
  In other words, let the serene, happy, luxurious life in the
princely house be recalled and contrasted with this existence in the
lower dungeon of the Tower of Antonia; then if the reader, in his
effort to realize the misery of the woman, persists in mere
reference to conditions physical, he cannot go amiss: as he is a lover
of his kind, tender of heart, he will be melted with much sympathy.
But will he go further; will he more than sympathize with her; will he
share her agony of mind and spirit; will he at least try to measure
it- let him recall her as she discoursed to her son of God, and
nations, and heroes; one moment a philosopher, the next a teacher, and
all the time a mother.
  Would you hurt a man keenest, strike at his self-love; would you
hurt a woman worst, aim at her affections.
  With quickened remembrance of these unfortunates- remembrance of
them as they were- let us go down and see them as they are.
  The cell VI. was in form as Gesius drew it on his map. Of its
dimensions but little idea can be had; enough that it was a roomy,
roughened interior, with ledged and broken walls and floors.
  In the beginning, the site of the Macedonian Castle was separated
from the site of the Temple by a narrow but deep cliff somewhat in
shape of a wedge. The workmen, wishing to hew out a series of
chambers, made their entry in the north face of the cleft, and
worked in, leaving a ceiling of the natural stone; delving farther,
they executed the cells V., IV., III., II., I., with no connection
with number VI. except through number V. In like manner, they
constructed the passage and stairs to the floor above. The process
of the work was precisely that resorted to in carving out the Tombs of
the Kings, yet to be seen a short distance north of Jerusalem; only
when the cutting was done, cell VI. was enclosed on its outer side
by a wall of prodigious stones, in which, for ventilation, narrow
apertures were left bevelled like modern portholes. Herod, when he
took hold of the Temple and Tower, put a facing yet more massive
upon this outer wall, and shut up all the apertures but one, which yet
admitted a little vitalizing air, and a ray of light not nearly strong
enough to redeem the room from darkness.
  Such was cell VI.
  Startle not now!
  The description of the blind and tongueless wretch just liberated
from cell V. may be accepted to break the horror of what is coming.
  The two women are grouped close by the aperture; one is seated,
the other is half reclining against her; there is nothing between them
and the bare rock. The light, slanting upwards, strikes them with
ghastly effect, and we cannot avoid seeing they are without vesture or
covering. At the same time we are helped to the knowledge that love is
there yet, for the two are in each other's arms. Riches take wings,
comforts vanish, hope withers away, but love stays with us. Love is
God.
  Where the two are thus grouped the stony floor is polished
shining-smooth. Who shall say how much of the eight years they have
spent in that space there in front of the aperture, nursing their hope
of rescue by that timid yet friendly ray of light? When the brightness
came creeping in, they knew it was dawn; when it began to fade, they
knew the world was hushing for the night, which could not be
anywhere so long and utterly dark as with them. The world! Through
that crevice, as if it were broad and high as a king's gate, they went
to the world in thought, and passed the weary time going up and down
as spirits go, looking and asking, the one for her son, the other
for her brother. On the seas they sought him, and on the islands of
the seas; to-day he was in this city, to-morrow in that other; and
everywhere, and at all times, he was a flitting sojourner; for, as
they lived waiting for him, he lived looking for them. How often their
thoughts passed each other in the endless search, his coming, theirs
going! It was such sweet flattery for them to say to each other,
"While he lives, we shall not be forgotten; as long as he remembers
us, there is hope!" The strength one can eke from little, who knows
till he has been subjected to the trial?
  Our recollections of them in former days enjoin us to be respectful;
their sorrows clothe them with sanctity. Without going too near,
across the dungeon, we see they have undergone a change of
appearance not to be accounted for by time or long confinement. The
mother was beautiful as a woman, the daughter beautiful as a child;
not even love could say so much now. Their hair is long, unkempt,
and strangely white; they make us shrink and shudder with an
indefinable repulsion, though the effect may be from an illusory
glozing of the light, glimmering dismally through the unhealthy
murk; or they may be enduring the tortures of hunger and thirst, not
having had to eat or drink since their servant, the convict, was taken
away- that is, since yesterday.
  Tirzah, reclining against her mother in half-embrace, moans
piteously.
  "Be quiet, Tirzah. They will come. God is good. We have been mindful
of him, and forgotten not to pray at every sounding of the trumpets
over in the Temple. The light, you see, is still bright; the sun is
standing in the south sky yet, and it is hardly more than the
seventh hour. Somebody will come to us. Let us have faith. God is
good."
  Thus the mother. The words were simple and effective, although,
eight years being now to be added to the thirteen she had attained
when last we saw her, Tirzah was no longer a child.
  "I will try and be strong, mother," she said. "Your suffering must
be great as mine; and I do so want to live for you and my brother! But
my tongue burns, my lips scorch. I wonder where he is, and if he
will ever, ever find us!"
  There is something in the voices that strikes us singularly- an
unexpected tone, sharp, dry, metallic, unnatural.
  The mother draws the daughter closer to her breast, and says, "I
dreamed about him last night, and saw him as plainly, Tirzah, as I see
you. We must believe in dreams, you know, because our fathers did. The
Lord spoke to them so often. in that way. I thought we were in the
Women's Court just before the Gate Beautiful; there were many women
with us; and he came and stood in the shade of the Gate, and looked
here and there, at this one and that. My heart beat strong. I knew
he was looking for us, and stretched my arms to him, and ran,
calling him. He heard me and saw me, but he did not know me. In a
moment he was gone."
  "Would it not be so, mother, if we were to meet him in fact? We
are so changed."
  "It might be so; but- " The mother's head droops, and her face knits
as with a wrench of pain; recovering, however, she goes on- "but we
could make ourselves known to him."
  Tirzah tossed her arms, and moaned again.
  "Water, mother, water, though but a drop."
  The mother stares around in blank helplessness. She has named God so
often, and so often promised in his name, the repetition is
beginning to have a mocking effect upon herself. A shadow passes
before her dimming the dim light, and she is brought down to think
of death as very near, waiting to come in as her faith goes out.
Hardly knowing what she does, speaking aimlessly, because speak she
must, she says again-
  "Patience, Tirzah; they are coming- they are almost here."
  She thought she heard a sound over by the little trap in the
partition-wall through which they held all their actual
communication with the world. And she was not mistaken. A moment,
and the cry of the convict rang through the cell. Tirzah heard it
also; and they both arose, still keeping hold of each other.
  "Praised be the Lord forever!" exclaimed the mother, with the
fervour of restored faith and hope.
  "Ho, there!" they heard next; and then, "Who are you?"
  The voice was strange. What matter? Except from Tirzah, they were
the first and only words the mother had heard in eight years. The
revulsion was mighty- from death to life- and so instantly!
  "A woman of Israel, entombed here with her daughter. Help us
quickly, or we die."
  "Be of cheer. I will return."
  The women sobbed aloud. They were found; help was coming. From
wish to wish hope flew as the twittering swallows fly. They were
found; they would be released. And restoration would follow-
restoration to all they had lost- home, society, property, son and
brother! The scanty light glozed them with the glory of day, and,
forgetful of pain, and thirst, and hunger, and of the menace of death,
they sank upon the floor and cried, keeping fast hold of each other
the while.
  And this time they had not long to wait. Gesius, the keeper, told
his tale methodically, but finished it at last. The tribune was
prompt.
  "Within there!" he shouted through the trap.
  "Here!" said the mother, rising.
  Directly she heard another sound in another place, as of blows on
the wall- blows quick, ringing, and delivered with iron tools. She did
not speak, nor did Tirzah, but they listened, well knowing the meaning
of it all- that a way to liberty was being made for them. So men a
long time buried in deep mines hear the coming of rescuers, heralded
by thrust of bar and beat of pick, answer gratefully with
heart-throbs, their eyes fixed upon the spot whence the sounds
proceed; and they cannot look away, lest the work should cease, and
they be returned to despair.
  The arms outside were strong, the hands skilful, the will good. Each
instant the blows sounded more plainly; now and then a piece fell with
a crash; and liberty came nearer and nearer. Presently the workmen
could be heard speaking. Then- O happiness! through a crevice
flashed a red ray of torches. Into the darkness it cut incisive as
diamond brilliance, beautiful as if from a spear of the morning.
  "It is he, mother, it is he! He has found us at last!" cried Tirzah,
with the quickened fancy of youth.
  But the mother answered meekly, "God is good!"
  A block fell inside, and another- then a great mass, and the door
was open. A man grimed with mortar and stone-dust stepped in, and
stopped, holding a torch over his head. Two or three others followed
with torches, and stood aside for the tribune to enter.
  Respect for women is not all a conventionality, for it is the best
proof of their proper nature. The tribune stopped, because they fled
from him- not with fear, be it said, but shame; nor yet, O reader,
from shame alone! From the obscurity of their partial hiding he
heard these words, the saddest, most dreadful, most utterly despairing
of the human tongue-
  "Come not near us- unclean, unclean!"
  The men flared their torches while they stared at each other.
  "Unclean, unclean!" came from the corner again, a slow tremulous
wail, exceedingly sorrowful. With such a cry we can imagine a spirit
vanishing from the gates of Paradise, looking back the while.
  So the widow and mother performed her duty, and in the moment
realized that the freedom she had prayed for and dreamed of, fruit
of scarlet and gold seen afar, was but an apple of Sodom in the hand.
  She and Tirzah were- LEPERS!
  Possibly the reader does not know all the word means. Let him be
told it with reference to the Law of that time, only a little modified
in this.
  "These four are accounted as dead- the blind, the leper, the poor,
and the childless." Thus the Talmud.
  That is, to be a leper was to be treated as dead- to be excluded
from the city as a corpse; to be spoken to by the best beloved and
most loving only at a distance; to dwell with none but lepers; to be
utterly unprivileged; to be denied the rites of the Temple and the
synagogue; to go about in rent garments and with covered mouth, except
when crying, "Unclean, unclean!" to find home in the wilderness or
in abandoned tombs; to become a materialized spectre of Hinnom and
Gehenna; to be at all times less a living offence to others than a
breathing torment to self; afraid to die, yet without hope except in
death.
  Once- she might not tell the day or the year, for down in the
haunted hell even time was lost- once the mother felt a dry scurf in
the palm of her right hand, a trifle which she tried to wash, away. It
clung to the member pertinaciously; yet she thought but little of
the sign till Tirzah complained that she, too, was attacked in the
same way. The supply of water was scant, and they denied themselves
drink that they might use it as a curative. At length the whole hand
was attacked; the skin cracked open, the finger-nails loosened from
the flesh. There was not much pain withal, chiefly a steadily
increasing discomfort. Later their lips began to parch and seam. One
day the mother, who was cleanly to godliness, and struggled against
the impurities of the dungeon with all ingenuity, thinking the enemy
was taking hold on Tirzah's face, led her to the light, and, looking
with the inspiration of a terrible dread, lo! the young girl's
eyebrows were white as snow.
  Oh, the anguish of that assurance!
  The mother sat awhile speechless, motionless, paralyzed of soul, and
capable of but one thought- leprosy, leprosy!
  When she began to think, mother-like, it was not of herself, but her
child, and, mother-like, her natural tenderness turned to courage, and
she made ready for the last sacrifice of perfect heroism. She buried
her knowledge in her heart; hopeless herself, she redoubled her
devotion to Tirzah, and with wonderful ingenuity- wonderful chiefly in
its very inexhaustibility- continued to keep the daughter ignorant
of what they were beset with, and even hopeful that it was nothing.
She repeated her little games, and retold her stories, and invented
new ones, and listened with ever so much pleasure to the songs she
would have from Tirzah, while on her wasting lips the psalms of the
singing king of their race served to bring soothing of
forgetfulness, and keep alive in them both the recollection of the God
who would seem to have abandoned them- the world not more lightly or
utterly.
  Slowly, steadily, with horrible certainty, the disease spread, after
a while bleaching their heads white, eating holes in their lips and
eyelids, and covering their bodies with scales; then it fell to
their throats, shrilling their voices, and to their joints,
hardening the tissues and cartileges- slowly, and, as the mother
well knew, past remedy, it was affecting their lungs and arteries
and bones, at each advance making the sufferers more and more
loathsome; and so it would continue till death, which might be years
before them.
  Another day of dread at length came- the day the mother, under the
impulsion of duty, at last told Tirzah the name of their ailment;
and the two, in agony of despair, prayed that the end might come
quickly.
  Still, as is the force of habit, these so afflicted grew in time not
merely to speak composedly of their disease; they beheld the hideous
transformation of their persons as of course, and in despite clung
to existence. One tie to earth remained to them; unmindful of their
own loneliness, they kept up a certain spirit by talking and
dreaming of Ben-Hur. The mother promised reunion with him to the
sister, and she to the mother, not doubting, either of them, that he
was equally faithful to them, and would be equally happy of the
meeting. And with the spinning and respinning of this slender thread
they found pleasure, and excused their not dying. In such manner as we
have seen, they were solacing themselves the moment Gesius called
them, at the end of twelve hours' fasting and thirst.
  The torches flashed redly through the dungeon, and liberty was come.
"God is good," the widow cried- not for what had been, O reader, but
for what was. In thankfulness for present mercy, nothing so becomes us
as losing sight of past ills.
  The tribune came directly; then in the corner to which she had fled,
suddenly a sense of duty smote the elder of the women, and straightway
the awful warning-
  "Unclean, unclean!"
  Ah, the pang the effort to acquit herself of that duty cost the
mother! Not all the selfishness of joy over the prospect could keep
her blind to the consequences of release, now that it was at hand. The
old happy life could never be again. If she went near the house called
home, it would be to stop at the gate and cry, "Unclean, unclean!" She
must go about with the yearnings of love alive in her breast strong as
ever, and more sensitive even, because return in kind could not be.
The boy of whom she had so constantly thought, and with all sweet
promises such as mothers find their purest delight in, must, at
meeting her, stand afar off. If he held out his hands to her, and
called "Mother, mother," for very love of him she must answer,
"Unclean, unclean!" And this other child, before whom, in want of
other covering, she was spreading her long tangled locks, bleached
unnaturally white- ah! that she was she must continue, sole partner of
her blasted remainder of life. Yet, O reader, the brave woman accepted
the lot, and took up the cry which had been its sign immemorially, and
which thenceforward was to be her salutation without change- "Unclean,
unclean!"
  The tribune heard it with a tremor, but kept his place.
  "Who are you?" he asked.
  "Two women dying of hunger and thirst. Yet"- the mother did not
falter- "come not near us, nor touch the floor or the wall. Unclean,
unclean!"
  "Give me thy story, woman- thy name, and when thou wert put here,
and by whom, and for what."
  "There was once in this City of Jerusalem a Prince Ben-Hur, the
friend of all generous Romans, and who had Caesar for his friend. I am
his widow, and this one with me is his child. How may I tell you for
what we were sunk here, when I do not know, unless it was because we
were rich? Valerius Gratus can tell you who our enemy was, and when
our imprisonment began. I cannot. See to what we have been reduced-
oh, see, and have pity!"
  The air was heavy with the pest and the smoke of the torches, yet
the Roman called one of the torch-bearers to his side, and wrote the
answer nearly word for word. It was terse and comprehensive,
containing at once a history, an accusation, and a prayer. No common
person could have made it, and he could not but pity and believe.
  "Thou shalt have relief, woman," he said, closing the tablets. "I
will send thee food and drink."
  "And raiment, and purifying water, we pray you, O generous Roman!"
  "As thou wilt," he replied.
  "God is good," said the widow, sobbing. "May his peace abide with
you!"
  "And, further," he added, "I cannot see thee again. Make
preparation, and to-night I will have thee taken to the gate of the
Tower, and set free. Thou knowest the law. Farewell."
  He spoke to the men, and went out the door.
  Very shortly some slaves came to the cell with a large gurglet of
water, a basin and napkins, a platter with bread and meat, and some
garments of women's wear; and, setting them down within reach of the
prisoners, they ran away.
  About the middle of the first watch, the two were conducted to the
gate, and turned into the street. So the Roman quit himself of them,
and in the city of their fathers they were once more free.
  Up to the stars, twinkling merrily as of old, they looked; then they
asked themselves-
  "What next? and where to?"
                        CHAPTER III.
                      JERUSALEM AGAIN.

  ABOUT the hour Gesius, the keeper, made his appearance before the
tribune in the Tower of Antonia, a footman was climbing the eastern
face of Mount Olivet. The road was rough and dusty, and vegetation
on that side burned brown, for it was the dry season in Judea. Well
for the traveller that he had youth and strength, not to speak of
the cool flowing garments with which he was clothed.
  He proceeded slowly, looking often to his right and left; not with
the vexed anxious expression which marks a man going forward uncertain
of the way, but rather the air with which one approaches an old
acquaintance after a long separation- half of pleasure, half of
inquiry; as if he were saying, "I am glad to be with you again; let me
see in what you are changed."
  As he arose higher, he sometimes paused to look behind him over
the gradually widening view terminating in the mountains of Moab;
but when at length he drew near the summit, he quickened his step,
unmindful of fatigue, and hurried on without pause or turning of the
face. On the summit- to reach which he bent his steps somewhat right
of the beaten path- he came to a dead stop, arrested as if by a strong
hand. Then one might have seen his eyes dilate, his cheeks flush,
his breath quicken, effects all of one bright sweeping glance at
what lay before him.
  The traveller, good reader, was no other than Ben-Hur; the
spectacle, Jerusalem.
  Not the Holy City of today, but the Holy City as left by Herod-
the Holy City of the Christ. Beautiful yet, as seen from old Olivet,
what must it have been then?
  Ben-Hur betook him to a stone and sat down, and, stripping his
head of the close white handkerchief which served it for covering,
made the survey at leisure.
  The same has been done often since by a great variety of persons,
under circumstances surpassingly singular- by the son of Vespasian, by
the Islamite, by the Crusader, conquerors all of them; by many a
pilgrim from the great New World, which waited discovery nearly
fifteen hundred years after the time of our story; but of the
multitude probably not one has taken that view with sensations more
keenly poignant, more sadly sweet, more proudly bitter, than
Ben-Hur. He was stirred by recollections of his countrymen, their
triumphs and vicissitudes, their history the history of God. The
city was of their building, at once a lasting testimony of their
crimes and devotion, their weakness and genius, their religion and
their irreligion. Though he had seen Rome to familiarity, he was
gratified. The sight filled a measure of pride which would have made
him drunk with vain-glory but for the thought, princely as the
property was, it did not any longer belong to his countrymen; the
worship in the Temple was by permission of strangers; the hill where
David dwelt was a marbled cheat- an office in which the chosen of
the Lord were wrung and wrung for taxes, and scourged for very
deathlessness of faith. These, however, were pleasures and griefs of
patriotism common to every Jew of the period; in addition, Ben-Hur
brought with him a personal history which would not out of mind for
other consideration whatever, which the spectacle served only to
freshen and vivify.
  A country of hills changes but little; where the hills are of
rock, it changes not at all. The scene Ben-Hur beheld is the same now,
except as respects the city. The failure is in the handiwork of man
alone.
  The sun dealt more kindly by the west side of Olivet than by the
east, and men were certainly more loving towards it. The vines with
which it was partially dad, and the sprinkling of trees, chiefly
figs and old wild olives, were comparatively green. Down to the dry
bed of the Cedron the verdure extended, a refreshment to the vision;
there Olivet ceased and Moriah began- a wall of bluff boldness,
white as snow, founded by Solomon, completed by Herod. Up, up the wall
the eye climbed course by course of the ponderous rocks composing
it- up to Solomon's Porch, which was as the pedestal of the
monument, the hill being the plinth. Lingering there a moment, the eye
resumed its climbing, going next to the Gentiles' Court, then to the
Israelites' Court, then to the Women's Court, then to the Court of the
Priests, each a pillared tier of white marble, one above the other
in terraced retrocession; over them all a crown of crowns infinitely
sacred, infinitely beautiful, majestic in proportions, effulgent
with beaten gold- lo! the Tent, the Tabernacle, the Holy of Holies.
The Ark was not there, but Jehovah was- in the faith of every child of
Israel he was there a personal Presence. As a temple, as a monument,
there was nowhere anything of man's building to approach that
superlative apparition. Now, not a stone of it remains above
another. Who shall rebuild that building? When shall the rebuilding be
begun? So asks every pilgrim who has stood where Ben-Hur was- he asks,
knowing the answer is in the bosom of God, whose secrets are not least
marvellous in their well-keeping. And then the third question, What of
him who foretold the ruin which has so certainly befallen? God? Or man
of God? Or- enough that the question is for us to answer.
  And still Ben-Hur's eyes climbed on and up- up over the roof of
the Temple, to the hill of Zion, consecrated to sacred memories,
inseparable from the anointed kings. He knew the Cheesemonger's Valley
dipped deep down between Moriah and Zion; that it was spanned by the
Xystus; that there were gardens and palaces in its depths; but over
them all his thoughts soared with his vision to the great grouping
on the royal hill- the house of Caiaphas, the Central Synagogue, the
Roman Praetorium, Hippicus the eternal, and the sad but mighty
cenotaphs Phasaelus and Mariamne- all relieved against Gareb,
purpling, in the distance. And when midst them he singled out the
palace of Herod, what could he but think of the King Who Was Coming,
to whom he was himself devoted, whose path he had undertaken to
smooth, whose empty hands he dreamed of filling? And forward ran his
fancy to the day the new King should come to claim his own and take
possession of it- of Moriah and its Temple; of Zion and its towers and
palaces; of Antonia, frowning darkly there just to the right of the
Temple; of the new unwalled city of Bezetha; of the millions of Israel
to assemble with palm-branches and banners, to sing rejoicing
because the Lord had conquered and given them the world.
  Men speak of dreaming as if it were a phenomenon of night and sleep.
They should know better. All results achieved by us are self-promised,
and all self-promises are made in dreams awake. Dreaming is the relief
of labour, the wine that sustains us in act. We learn to love
labour, not for itself, but for the opportunity it furnishes for
dreaming, which is the great under-monotone of real life, unheard,
unnoticed, because of its constancy' Living is dreaming. Only in the
grave are there no dreams. Let no one smile at Ben-Hur for doing
that which he himself would have done at that time and place under the
same circumstances.
  The sun stooped low in its course. Awhile the flaring disc seemed to
perch itself on the far summit of the mountains in the west, brazening
all the sky above the city, and rimming the walls and towers with
the brightness of gold. Then it disappeared as with a plunge. The
quiet turned Ben-Hur's thought homeward. There was a point in the
sky a little north of the peerless front of the Holy of Holies upon
which he fixed his gaze: under it, straight as a lead-line would
have dropped, lay his father's house, if yet the house endured.
  The mellowing influences of the evening mellowed his feelings,
and, putting his ambitions aside, he thought of the duty that was
bringing him to Jerusalem.
  Out in the desert while with Ilderim, looking for strong places
and acquainting himself with it generally, as a soldier studies a
country in which he has projected a campaign, a messenger came one
evening with the news that Gratus was removed, and Pontius Pilate sent
to take his place.
  Messala was disabled and believed him dead; Gratus was powerless and
gone; why should Ben-Hur longer defer the search for his mother and
sister? There was nothing to fear now. If he could not himself see
into the prisons of Judea, he could examine them with the eyes of
others. If the lost were found, Pilate could have no motive in holding
them in custody- none, at least, which could not be overcome by
purchase. If found, he would carry them to a place of safety, and
then, in calmer mind, his conscience at rest, this one first duty
done, he could give himself more entirely to the King Who Was
Coming. He resolved at once. That night he counselled with Ilderim,
and obtained his assent. Three Arabs came with him to Jericho, where
he left them and the horses, and proceeded alone and on foot.
Malluch was to meet him in Jerusalem.
  Ben-Hur's scheme, be it observed, was as yet a generality.
  In view of the future, it was advisable to keep himself in hiding
from the authorities, particularly the Romans. Malluch was shrewd
and trusty: the very man to charge with the conduct of the
investigation.
  Where to begin was the first point. He had no clear idea about it.
His wish was to commence with the Tower of Antonia. Tradition not of
long standing planted the gloomy pile over a labyrinth of
prison-cells, which, more even than the strong garrison, kept it a
terror to the Jewish fancy. A burial, such as his people had been
subjected to, might be possible there. Besides, in such a strait,
the natural inclination is to start search at the place where the loss
occurred and he could not forget that his last sight of the loved ones
was as the guard pushed them along the street in the direction to
the Tower. If they were not there now, but had been, some record of
the fact must remain, a clue which had only to be followed
faithfully to the end.
  Under this inclination, moreover, there was a hope which he could
not forgo. From Simonides, he knew Amrah, the Egyptian nurse, was
living. It will be remembered, doubtless, that the faithful
creature, the morning the calamity overtook the Hurs, broke from the
guard and ran back into the palace, where, along with other
chattels, she had been sealed up. During the years following,
Simonides kept her supplied; so she was there now, sole occupant of
the great house, which, with all his offers, Gratus had not been
able to sell. The story of its rightful owners sufficed to secure
the property from strangers, whether purchasers or mere occupants.
People going to and fro passed it with whispers. Its reputation was
that of a haunted house, derived probably from the infrequent glimpses
of poor old Amrah, sometimes on the roof, sometimes in a latticed
window. Certainly no more constant spirit ever abided than she; nor
was there ever a tenement so shunned and fitted for ghostly
habitation. Now, if he could get to her, Ben-Hur fancied she could
help him to knowledge which, though faint, might yet be serviceable.
Anyhow, sight of her in that place, so endeared by recollection, would
be to him a pleasure next to finding the objects of his solicitude.
  So, first of all things, he would go to the old house, and look
for Amrah.
  Thus resolved, he arose shortly after the going-down of the sun, and
began descent of the Mount by the road which, from the summit, bends a
little north of east. Down nearly at the foot, close by the bed of the
Cedron, he came to the intersection with the road leading south to the
village of Siloam and the pool of that name. There he fell in with a
herdsman driving some sheep to market. He spoke to the man, and joined
him, and in his company passed by Gethsemane on into the city
through the Fish Gate.
                        CHAPTER IV.
                BEN-HUR AT HIS FATHER'S GATE.

  IT was dark when, parting with the drover inside the gate, Ben-Hur
turned into a narrow lane leading to the south. A few of the people
whom he met saluted him. The bouldering of the pavement was rough. The
houses on both sides were low, dark, and cheerless; the doors all
closed: from the roofs, occasionally, he heard women crooning to
children. The loneliness of his situation, the night, the
uncertainty cloaking the object of his coming, all affected him
cheerlessly. With feelings sinking lower and lower, he came directly
to the deep reservoir now known as the Pool of Bethesda, in which
the water reflected the overpending sky. Looking up, he beheld the
northern wall of the Tower of Antonia, a black frowning heap reared
into the dim steel-grey sky. He halted as if challenged by a
threatening sentinel.
  The Tower stood up so high, and seemed so vast, resting apparently
upon foundations so sure, that he was constrained to acknowledge its
strength. If his mother were there in living burial, what could he
do for her? By the strong hand, nothing. An army might beat the
stony face with ballista and ram, and be laughed at. Against him
alone, the gigantic south-east turret looked down in the
self-containment of a hill. And he thought, cunning is so easily
baffled; and God, always the last resort of the helpless- God is
sometimes so slow to act!
  In doubt and misgiving, he turned into the street in front of the
Tower, and followed it slowly on the west.
  Over in Bezetha he knew there was a khan, where it was his intention
to seek lodgings while in the city; but just now he could not resist
the impulse to go home. His heart drew him that way.
  The old formal salutation which he received from the few people
who passed him had never sounded so pleasantly. Presently, all the
eastern sky began to silver and shine, and objects before invisible in
the west- chiefly the tall towers on Mount Zion- emerged as from a
shadowy depth, and put on spectral distinctness, floating, as it were,
above the yawning blackness of the valley below, very castles in the
air.
  He came, at length, to his father's house.
  Of those who read this page, some there will be to divine his
feelings without prompting. They are such as had happy homes in
their youth, no matter how far that may have been back in time-
homes which are now the starting-points of all recollection; paradises
from which they went forth in tears, and which they would now return
to, if they could, as little children; places of laughter and singing,
and associations dearer than any or all the triumphs of after-life.
  At the gate on the north side of the old house Ben-Hur stopped. In
the corners the wax used in the sealing-up was still plainly seen, and
across the valves was the board with the inscription-

                 "THIS IS THE PROPERTY OF.
                       THE EMPEROR."

  Nobody had gone in or out of the gate since the dreadful day of
the separation. Should he knock as of old? It was useless, he knew;
yet he could not resist the temptation. Amrah might hear, and look out
of one of the windows on that side. Taking a stone, he mounted the
broad stone step, and tapped three times. A dull echo replied. He
tried again, louder than before; and again, pausing each time to
listen. The silence was mocking. Retiring into the street, he
watched the windows; but they, too, were lifeless. The parapet on
the roof was defined sharply against the brightening sky; nothing
could have stirred upon it unseen by him, and nothing did stir.
  From the north side he passed to the west, where there were four
windows which he watched long and anxiously, but with little effect.
At times his heart swelled with impotent wishes; at others, he
trembled at the deceptions of his own fancy. Amrah made no sign- not
even a ghost stirred.
  Silently, then, he stole round to the south. There, too, the gate
was sealed and inscribed. The mellow splendour of the August moon,
pouring over the crest of Olivet, since termed the Mount of Offence,
brought the lettering boldly out; and he read, and was filled with
rage. All he could do was to wrench the board from its nailing, and
hurl it into the ditch. Then he sat upon the step, and prayed for
the New King, and that his coming might be hastened. As his blood
cooled, insensibly he yielded to the fatigue of long travel in the
summer heat, and sank down lower, and, at last, slept.
  About that time two women came down the street from the direction of
the Tower of Antonia, approaching the palace of the Hurs. They
advanced stealthily, with timid steps, pausing often to listen. At the
corner of the rugged pile, one said to the other, in a low voice-
  "This is it, Tirzah!"
  And Tirzah, after a look, caught her mother's hand, and leaned
upon her heavily, sobbing, but silent.
  "Let us go on, my child, because"- the mother hesitated and
trembled; then, with an effort to be calm, continued- "because when
morning comes they will put us out of the gate of the city to-
return no more."
  Tirzah sank almost to the stones.
  "Ah, yes!" she said, between sobs; "I forgot. I had the feeling of
going home. But we are lepers, and have no homes; we belong to the
dead!"
  The mother stooped and raised her tenderly, saying, "We have nothing
to fear. Let us go on."
  Indeed, lifting their empty hands, they could have run upon a legion
and put it to flight.
  And, creeping in close to the rough wall, they glided on, like two
ghosts, till they came to the gate, before which they also paused.
Seeing the board, they stepped upon the stone in the scarce cold
tracks of Ben-Hur, and read the inscription- "This is the property
of the Emperor."
  Then the mother clasped her hands, and, with upraised eyes, moaned
in unutterable anguish.
  "What now, mother? You scare me!"
  And the answer was, presently, "Oh, Tirzah, the poor are dead! He is
dead!"
  "Who, mother?"
 "Your brother! They took everything from him- everything- even this
house!"
  "Poor!" said Tirzah, vacantly.
  "He will never be able to help us."
  "And then, mother?"
  "To-morrow, to-morrow, my child, we must find a seat by the wayside,
and beg alms as the lepers do; beg, or- "
  Tirzah leaned upon her again, and said, whispering, "Let us- let
us die!"
  "No!" the mother said, firmly. "The Lord has appointed our times,
and we are believers in the Lord. We will wait on him even in this.
Come away!"
  She caught Tirzah's hand as, she spoke, and hastened to the west
corner of the house, keeping close to the wall. No one being in
sight there, they kept on to the next corner, and shrank from the
moonlight, which lay exceedingly bright over the whole south front,
and along a part of the street. The mother's will was strong.
Casting one look back and up to the windows on the west side, she
stepped out into the light, drawing Tirzah after her; and the extent
of their affliction was then to be seen- on their lips and cheeks,
in their bleared eyes, in their cracked hands; especially in the long,
snaky locks, stiff with loathsome ichor, and, like their eyebrows,
ghastly white. Nor was it possible to have told which was mother which
daughter; both alike seemed witch-like old.
  "Hist!" said the mother. "There is someone lying upon the step- a
man. Let us go round him."
  They crossed to the opposite side of the street quickly, and, in the
shade there, moved on till before the gate, where they stopped.
  "He is asleep, Tirzah!" The man was very still.
  The man was very still.
  "Stay here, and I will try the gate."
  So saying, the mother stole noiselessly across, and ventured to
touch the wicket; she never knew if it yielded, for that moment the
man sighed, and, turning restlessly, shifted the handkerchief on his
head in such a manner that the face was left upturned and fair in
the broad moonlight. She looked down at it and started; then looked
again, stooping a little, and arose and clasped her hands and raised
her eyes to heaven in mute appeal. An instant so, and she ran back
to Tirzah.
  "As the Lord liveth, the man is my son- thy brother!" she said, in
an awe-inspiring whisper.
  "My brother?- Judah?"
  The mother caught her hand eagerly.
  "Come!" she said, in the same enforced whisper, "let us look at
him together- once more- only once- then help thou thy servants,
Lord!"
  They crossed the street hand in hand, ghostly-quick,
ghostly-still. When their shadows fell upon him, they stopped. One
of his hands was lying out upon the step palm up. Tirzah fell upon her
knees, and would have kissed it; but the mother drew her back.
  "Not for thy life; not for thy life! Unclean, unclean!" she
whispered.
  Tirzah shrank from him, as if he were the leprous one.
  Ben-Hur was handsome as the manly are. His cheeks and forehead
were swarthy from exposure to the desert sun and air; yet under the
light moustache the lips were red, and the teeth shone white, and
the soft beard did not hide the full roundness of chin and throat. How
beautiful he appeared to the mother's eyes! How mightily she yearned
to put her arms about him, and take his head upon her bosom and kiss
him, as had been her wont in his happy childhood! Where got she the
strength to resist the impulse? From her love, O reader!- her
mother-love, which, if thou wilt observe well, hath this unlikeness to
any other love: tender to the object, it can be infinitely
tyrannical to itself, and thence all its power of self-sacrifice.
Not for restoration to health and fortune, not for any blessing of
life, not for life itself, would she have left her leprous kiss upon
his cheek! Yet touch him she must; in that instant of finding him
she must renounce him for ever! How bitter, bitter hard it was, let
some other mother say! She knelt down, and, crawling to his feet,
touched the sole of one of his sandals with her lips, yellow though it
was with the dust of the street- and touched it again and again; and
her very soul was in the kisses.
  He stirred, and tossed his hand. They moved back, but heard him
mutter in his dream-
  "Mother! Amrah! Where- "
  He fell off into the deep sleep.
  Tirzah stirred wistfully. The mother put her face in the dust,
struggling to suppress a sob so deep and strong it seemed her heart
was bursting. Almost she wished he might waken.
  He had asked for her; she was not forgotten; in his sleep he was
thinking of her. Was it not enough?
  Presently the mother beckoned to Tirzah, and they arose, and
taking one more look, as if to print his image past fading, hand in
hand they recrossed the street. Back in the shade of the wall there,
they retired and knelt, looking at him, waiting for him to wake-
waiting some revelation, they knew not what. Nobody has yet given us a
measure for the patience of a love like theirs.
  By-and-by, the sleep being yet upon him, another woman appeared at
the corner of the palace. The two in the shade saw her plainly in
the light; a small figure, much-bent, dark-skinned, grey-haired,
dressed neatly in servant's garb, and carrying a basket full of
vegetables.
  At sight of the man upon the step the new-comer stopped; then, as if
decided, she walked on- very lightly as she drew near the sleeper.
Passing round him, she went to the gate, slid the wicket latch
easily to one side, and put her hand in the opening. One of the
broad boards in the left valve swung ajar without noise. She put the
basket through, and was about to follow, when, yielding to
curiosity, she lingered to have one look at the stranger whose face
was below her in open view.
  The spectators across the street heard a low exclamation, and saw
the woman rub her eyes as if to renew their power, bend closer down,
clasp her hands, gaze wildly around, look at the sleeper, stoop and
raise the outlying hand, and kiss it fondly- that which they wished so
mightily to do, but dared not.
  Awakened by the action, Ben-Hur instinctively withdrew the hand;
as he did so, his eyes met the woman's.
  "Amrah! O Amrah, is it thou?" he said.
  The good heart made no answer in words, but fell upon his neck,
crying for joy.
  Gently he put her arms away, and lifting the dark face wet with
tears, kissed it, his joy only a little less than hers. Then those
across the way heard him say-
  "Mother- Tirzah- O Amrah, tell me of them! Speak, speak, I pray
thee!"
  Amrah only cried afresh.
  "Thou hast seen them, Amrah. Thou knowest where they are; tell me
they are at home."
  Tirzah moved, but the mother, divining her purpose, caught her and
whispered, "Do not go- not for life. Unclean, unclean!"
  Her love was in a tyrannical mood. Though both their hearts broke,
he should not become what they were; and she conquered.
  Meantime Amrah, so entreated, only wept the more.
  "Wert thou going in?" he asked, presently, seeing the board swung
back. "Come, then. I will go with thee." He arose as he spoke. "The
Romans- be the curse of the Lord upon them!- the Romans lied. The
house is mine. Rise, Amrah, and let us go in."
  A moment and they were gone, leaving the two in the shade to
behold the gate staring blankly at them- the gate which they might not
ever enter more. They nestled together in the dust.
  They had done their duty.
  Their love was proven.
  Next morning they were found, and driven out the city with stones.
  "Begone! Ye are of the dead; go to the dead!"
  With the doom ringing in their ears, they went forth.
                        CHAPTER V.
              THE TOMB ABOVE THE KING'S GARDEN.

  NOWADAYS travellers in the Holy Land looking for the famous place
with the beautiful name, the King's Garden, descend the bed of the
Cedron or the curve of Gihon and Hinnom as far as the old well
En-rogel, take a drink of the sweet living water, and stop, having
reached the limit of the interesting in that direction. They look at
the great stones with which the well is curbed, ask its depth, smile
at the primitive mode of drawing the purling treasure, and waste
some pity on the ragged wretch who presides over it; then, facing
about, they are enraptured with the mounts Moriah and Zion, both of
which slope towards them from the north, one terminating in Ophel, the
other in what used to be the site of the city of David. In the
background, up far in the sky, the garniture of the sacred places is
visible: here the Haram, with its graceful dome; yonder the stalwart
remains of Hippicus defiant even in ruins. When that view has been
enjoyed, and is sufficiently impressed upon the memory, the travellers
glance at the Mount of Offence standing in rugged stateliness at their
right hand, arid then at the Hill of Evil Counsel over on the left, in
which, if they be well up in Scriptural history and in the
traditions rabbinical and monkish, they will find a certain interest
not to be overcome by superstitious horror.
  It were long to tell all the points of interest grouped round that
hill; for the present purpose, enough that its feet are planted in the
veritable orthodox Hell of the moderns- the Hell of brimstone and
fire- in the old nomenclature Gehenna; and that now, as in the days of
Christ, its bluff face opposite the city on the south and south-east
is seamed and pitted with tombs which have been immemorially the
dwelling-places of lepers, not singly, but collectively. There they
set up their government and established their society; there they
founded a city and dwelt by themselves, avoided as the accursed of
God.
  The second morning after the incidents of the preceding chapter,
Amrah drew near the well En-rogel, and seated herself upon a stone.
One familiar with Jerusalem, looking at her, would have said she was
the favourite servant of some well-to-do family. She brought with
her a water-jar and a basket, the contents of the latter covered
with a snow-white napkin. Placing them on the ground at her side,
she loosened the shawl which fell from her head, knit her fingers
together in her lap, and gazed demurely up to where the hill drops
steeply down into the Aceldama and the Potter's Field.
  It was very early, and she was the first to arrive at the well.
Soon, however, a man came bringing a rope and a leathern bucket.
Saluting the little dark-faced woman, he undid the rope, fixed it to
the bucket, and waited customers. Others who chose to do so might draw
water for themselves; he was a professional in the business, and would
fill the largest jar the stoutest woman could carry for a gerah.
  Amrah sat still, and had nothing to say. Seeing the jar, the man
asked after a while if she wished it filled; she answered him civilly,
"Not now;" whereupon he gave her no more attention. When the dawn
was fairly defined over Olivet, his patrons began to arrive, and he
had all he could do to attend to them. All the time she kept her seat,
looking intently up at the hill.
  The sun made its appearance, yet she sat watching and waiting; and
while she thus waits, let us see what her purpose is.
  Her custom had been to go to market after nightfall. Stealing out
unobserved, she would seek the shops in the Tyropoeon, or those over
by the Fish Gate in the east, make her purchases of meat and
vegetables, and return and shut herself up again.
  The pleasure she derived from the presence of Ben-Hur in the old
house once more may be imagined. She had nothing to tell him of her
mistress or Tirzah- nothing. He would have had her move to a place not
so lonesome; she refused. She would have had him take his own room
again, which was just as he had left it; but the danger of discovery
was too great, and he wished above all things to avoid inquiry. He
would come and see her often as possible. Coming in the night, he
would also go away in the night. She was compelled to be satisfied,
and at once occupied herself contriving ways to make him happy. That
he was a man now did not occur to her; nor did it enter her mind
that he might have put by or lost his boyish tastes; to please him,
she thought to go on her old round of services. He used to be fond
of confections; she remembered the things in that line which delighted
him most, and resolved to make them, and have a supply always ready
when he came. Could anything be happier? So next night, earlier than
usual, she stole out with her basket, and went over to the Fish Gate
Market. Wandering about, seeking the best honey, she chanced to hear a
man telling a story.
  What the story was the reader can arrive at with sufficient
certainty when told that the narrator was one of the men who had
held torches for the commandant of the Tower of Antonia when, down
in cell VI., the Hurs were found. The particulars of the finding
were all told, and she heard them, with the names of the prisoners,
and the widow's account of herself.
  The feelings with which Amrah listened to the recital were such as
became the devoted creature she was. She made her purchases, and
returned home in a dream. What a happiness she had in store for her
boy! She had found his mother!
  She put the basket away, now laughing, now crying. Suddenly she
stopped and thought. It would kill him to be told that his mother
and Tirzah were lepers. He would go through the awful city over on the
Hill of Evil Counsel- into each infected tomb he would go without
rest, asking for them, and the disease would catch him, and their fate
would be his. She wrung her hands. What should she do?
  Like many a one before her, and many a once since, she derived
inspiration, if not wisdom, from her affection, and came to a singular
conclusion.
  The lepers, she knew, were accustomed of mornings to come down
from their sepulchral abodes in the hill, and take a supply of water
for the day from the well En-rogel. Bringing their jars, they would
set them on the ground and wait, standing afar until they were filled.
To that the mistress and Tirzah must come; for the law was inexorable,
and admitted no distinction. A rich leper was no better than a poor
one.
  So Amrah decided not to speak to Ben-Hur of the story she had heard,
but go alone to the well and wait. Hunger and thirst would drive the
unfortunates thither, and she believed she could recognize them at
sight; if not, they might recognize her.
  Meantime Ben-Hur came, and they talked much. To-morrow Malluch would
arrive; then the search should be immediately begun. He was
impatient to be about it. To amuse himself he would visit the sacred
places in the vicinity. The secret, we may be sure, weighed heavily on
the woman, but she held her peace.
  When he was gone she busied herself in the preparation of things
good to eat, applying her utmost skill to the work. At the approach of
day, as signalled by the stars, she filled the basket, selected a jar,
and took the road to En-rogel, going out by the Fish Gate, which was
earliest open, and arriving as we have seen.
  Shortly after sunrise, when business at the well was most
pressing, and the drawer of water most hurried; when, in fact,
half-a-dozen buckets were in use at the same time, everybody making
haste to get away before the cool of the morning melted into the
heat of the day, the tenantry of the hill began to appear and move
about the doors of their tombs. Somewhat later they were discernible
in groups, of which not a few were children so young that they
suggested the holiest relation. Numbers came momentarily around the
turn of the bluff- women with jars upon their shoulders, old and
very feeble men hobbling along on staffs and crutches. Some leaned
upon the shoulders of others; a few- the utterly helpless- lay, like
heaps of rags, upon litters. Even that community of superlative sorrow
had its love-light to make life endurable and attractive. Distance
softened without entirely veiling the misery of the outcasts.
  From her seat by the well Amrah kept watch upon the spectral groups.
She scarcely moved. More than once she imagined she saw those she
sought. That they were there upon the hill she had no doubt; that they
must come down and near she knew; when the people at the well were all
served they would come.
  Now, quite at the base of the bluff there was a tomb which had
more than once attracted Amrah by its wide gaping. A stone of large
dimensions stood near its mouth. The sun looked into it through the
hottest hours of the day, and altogether it seemed uninhabitable by
anything living, unless, perchance by some wild dogs returning from
scavenger duty down in Gehenna. Thence, however, and greatly to her
surprise, the patient Egyptian beheld two women come, one
half-supporting, half-leading the other. They were both
white-haired; both looked old; but their garments were not rent, and
they gazed about them as if the locality were new. The witness below
thought she even saw them shrink terrified at the spectacle offered by
the hideous assemblage of which they found themselves part. Slight
reasons, certainly, to make her heart beat faster, and draw her
attention to them exclusively; but so they did.
  The two remained by the stone awhile; then they moved slowly,
painfully, and with much fear towards the well, whereat several voices
were raised to stop them; yet they kept on. The drawer of water picked
up some pebbles, and made ready to drive them back. The company cursed
them. The greater company on the hill shouted shrilly, "Unclean,
unclean!"
  "Surely," thought Amrah of the two, as they kept coming- "surely,
they are strangers to the usage of lepers."
  She arose, and went to meet them, taking the basket and jar. The
alarm at the well immediately subsided.
  "What a fool," said one, laughing- "what a fool to give good bread
to the dead in that way!"
  "And to think of her coming so far!" said another. "I would at least
make them meet me at the gate."
  Amrah, with better impulse, proceeded. If she should be mistaken!
Her heart arose into her throat. And the farther she went the more
doubtful and confused she became. Four or five yards from where they
stood waiting for her she stopped.
  That the mistress she loved! whose hand she had so often kissed in
gratitude! whose image of matronly loveliness she had treasured in
memory so faithfully! And that the Tirzah she had nursed through
babyhood! whose pains she had soothed, whose sports she had shared!
that the smiling, sweet-faced, songful Tirzah, the light of the
great house, the promised blessing of her old age! Her mistress, her
darling- they? The soul of the woman sickened at the sight.
  "These are old women," she said to herself. "I never saw them
before. I will go back."
  She turned away.
  "Amrah," said one of the lepers.
  The Egyptian dropped the jar, and looked back, trembling.
  "Who called me?" she asked.
  "Amrah."
  The servant's wondering eyes settled upon the speaker's face.
  "Who are you?" she cried.
  "We are they you are seeking."
  Amrah fell upon her knees.
  "O my mistress, my mistress! As I have made your God my God, be he
praised that he has led me to you!"
  And upon her knees the poor overwhelmed creature began moving
forward.
  "Stay, Amrah! Come not nearer. Unclean, unclean!"
  The words sufficed. Amrah fell upon her face, sobbing so loud the
people at the well heard her. Suddenly she arose upon her knees again.
  "O my mistress, where is Tirzah!"
  "Here I am, Amrah, here! Will you bring me a little water?"
  The habit of the servant renewed itself. Putting back the coarse
hair fallen over her face, Amrah arose and went to the basket and
uncovered it.
  "See," she said, "here are bread and meat."
  She would have spread the napkin upon the ground, but the mistress
spoke again-
  "Do not so, Amrah. Those yonder may stone you, and refuse us
drink. Leave the basket with me. Take up the jar and fill it, and
bring it here. We will carry them to the tomb with us. For this day
you will then have rendered all the service that is lawful. Haste,
Amrah."
  The people under whose eyes all this had passed made way for the
servant, and even helped her fill the jar, so piteous was the grief
her countenance showed.
  "Who are they?" a woman asked.
  Amrah meekly answered, "They used to be good to me."
  Raising the jar upon her shoulder, she hurried back. In
forgetfulness she would have gone to them, but the cry "Unclean,
unclean! Beware!" arrested her. Placing the water by the basket, she
stepped back, and stood off a little way.
  "Thank you, Amrah," said the mistress, taking the articles into
possession. "This is very good of you."
  "Is there nothing more I can do?" asked Amrah.
  The mother's hand was upon the jar, and she was fevered with thirst;
yet she paused, and, rising, said firmly, "Yes, I know that Judah
has come home. I saw him at the gate the night before last, asleep
on the step. I saw you wake him."
  Amrah clasped her hands.
  "O my mistress! You saw it, and did not come!"
  "That would have been to kill him. I can never take him in my arms
again. I can never kiss him more. O Amrah, Amrah, you love him, I
know!"
  "Yes," said the true heart, bursting into tears again, and kneeling.
"I would die for him."
  "Prove to me what you say, Amrah."
  "I am ready."
  "Then you shall not tell him where we are or that you have seen
us- only that, Amrah."
  "But he is looking for you. He has come from afar to find you."
  "He must not find us. He shall become what we are. Hear, Amrah.
You shall serve us as you have this day. You shall bring us the little
we need- not long now- not long. You shall come every morning and
evening thus, and- and"- the voice trembled, the strong will almost
broke down- "and you shall tell us of him, Amrah; but to him you shall
say nothing of us. Hear you?"
  "Oh, it will be so hard to hear him speak of you, and see him
going about looking for you- to see all his love, and not tell him
so much as that you are alive!"
  "Can you tell him we are well, Amrah?"
  The servant bowed her head in her arms.
  "No," the mistress continued; "wherefore be silent altogether. Go
now, and come this evening. We will look for you. Till then,
farewell."
  "The burden will be heavy, O my mistress, and hard to bear," said
Amrah, falling upon her face.
  "How much harder would it be to see him as we are," the mother
answered as she gave the basket to Tirzah. "Come again this
evening," she repeated, taking up the water, and starting for the
tomb.
  Amrah waited kneeling until they had disappeared; then she took
the road sorrowfully home.
  In the evening she returned and thereafter it became her custom to
serve them in the morning and evening, so that they wanted for nothing
needful. The tomb, though ever so stony and desolate, was less
cheerless than the cell in the Tower had been. Daylight gilded its
door, and it was in the beautiful world. Then, one can wait death with
so much more faith out under the open sky.
                        CHAPTER VI.
              A TRICK OF PILATE'S- THE COMBAT.

  THE morning of the first day of the seventh month- Tishri in the
Hebrew, October in English- Ben-Hur arose from his couch in the khan
ill-satisfied with the whole world.
  Little time had been lost in consultation upon the arrival of
Malluch. The latter began the search at the Tower of Antonia, and
began it boldly, by a direct inquiry of the tribune commanding. He
gave the officer a history of the Hurs, and all the particulars of the
accident to Gratus, describing the affair as wholly without
criminality. The object of the quest now, he said, was if any of the
unhappy family were discovered alive to carry a petition to the feet
of Caesar, praying restitution of the estate and return to their civil
rights. Such a petition, he had no doubt, would result in an
investigation by the imperial order, a proceeding of which the friends
of the family had no fear.
  In reply the tribune stated circumstantially the discovery of the
women in the Tower, and permitted a reading of the memorandum he had
taken of their account of themselves; when leave to copy it was
prayed, he even permitted that.
  Malluch thereupon hurried to Ben-Hur.
  It were useless to attempt description of the effect the terrible
story had upon the young man. The pain was not relieved by tears or
passionate outcries! it was too deep for any expression. He sat
still a long time, with pallid face and labouring heart. Now and then,
as if to show the thoughts which were most poignant, he muttered-
  "Lepers, lepers! They- my mother and Tirzah- they lepers! How
long, how long, O Lord!"
  One moment he was torn by a virtuous rage of sorrow, next by a
longing for vengeance, which, it must be admitted, was scarcely less
virtuous.
  At length he arose.
  "I must look for them. They may be dying."
  "Where will you look?" asked Malluch.
  "There is but one place for them to go."
  Malluch interposed, and finally prevailed so far as to have the
management of the further attempt intrusted to him. Together they went
to the gate over on the side opposite the Hill of Evil Counsel,
immemorially the lepers' begging-ground. There they stayed all day,
giving alms, asking for the two women, and offering rich rewards for
their discovery. So they did in repetition day after day through the
remainder of the fifth month, and all the sixth. There was diligent
scouring of the dread city on the hill by lepers to whom the rewards
offered were mighty incentives, for they were only dead in law. Over
and over again the gaping tomb down by the well was invaded, and its
tenants subjected to inquiry; but they kept their secret fast. The
result was failure. And now, the morning of the first day of the
seventh month, the extent of the additional information gained was
that not long before two leprous women had been stoned from the Fish
Gate by the authorities. A little pressing of the clue, together
with some shrewd comparison of dates, led to the sad assurance that
the sufferers were the Hurs, and left the old questions darker than
ever. Where were they? And what had become of them?
  "It was not enough that my people should be made lepers," said the
son, over and over again, with what intensity of bitterness the reader
may imagine; "that was not enough. Oh no! They must be stoned from
their native city! My mother is dead! she has wandered to the
wilderness! she is dead! Tirzah is dead! I alone am left. And for
what? How long, O God, thou Lord God of my fathers, how long shall
this Rome endure?"
  Angry, hopeless, vengeful, he entered the court of the khan, and
found it crowded with people come in during the night. While he ate
his breakfast, he listened to some of them. To one party he was
specially attracted. They were mostly young, stout, active, hardy men,
in manner and speech provincial. In their look, the certain
indefinable air, the pose of the head, glance of the eye, there was
a spirit which did not, as a rule, belong to the outward seeming of
the lower orders of Jerusalem; the spirit thought by some to be a
peculiarity of life in mountainous districts, but which may be more
surely traced to a life of healthful freedom. In a short time he
ascertained they were Galileans, in the city for various purposes, but
chiefly to take part in the Feast of Trumpets, set for that day.
They became to him at once objects of interest, as hailing from the
region in which he hoped to find readiest support in the work he was
shortly to set about.
  While observing them, his mind running ahead in thought of
achievements possible to a legion of such spirits disciplined after
the severe Roman style, a man came into the court, his face much
flushed, his eyes bright with excitement.
  "Why are you here?" he said to the Galileans. "The rabbis and elders
are going from the Temple to see Pilate. Come, make haste, and let
us go with them.
  They surrounded him in a moment.
  "To see Pilate! For what?"
  "They have discovered a conspiracy. Pilate's new aqueduct is to be
paid for with money of the Temple."
  "What, with the sacred treasure?"
  They repeated the question to each other with flashing eyes.
  "It is Corban- money of God. Let him touch a shekel of it if he
dare!"
  "Come," cried the messenger. "The procession is by this time
across the bridge. The whole city is pouring after. We may be
needed. Make haste!"
  As if the thought and the act were one, there was quick putting-away
of useless garments, and the party stood forth bareheaded, and in
the short sleeveless under-tunics they were used to wearing as reapers
in the field and boatmen on the lake- the garb in which they climbed
the hills following the herds, and plucked the ripened vintage,
careless of the sun. Lingering only to tighten their girdles, they
said, "We are ready."
  Then Ben-Hur spoke to them.
  "Men of Galilee," he said, "I am a son of Judah. Will you take me in
your company?"
  "We may have to fight," they replied.
  "Oh, then, I will not be first to run away!"
  They took the retort in good-humour, and the messenger said-
  "You seem stout enough. Come along."
  Ben-Hur put off his outer garments.
  "You think there may be fighting?" he asked, quietly, as he
tightened his girdle.
  "Yes."
  "With whom?"
  "The guard."
  "Legionaries?"
  "Whom else can a Roman trust?"
  "What have you to fight with?"
  They looked at him silently.
  "Well," he continued, "we will have to do the best we can; but had
we not better choose a leader? The legionaries always have one, and so
are able to act with one mind."
  The Galileans stared more curiously, as if the idea were new to
them.
  "Let us at least agree to stay together," he said. "Now I am
ready, if you are."
  "Yes, let us go."
  The khan, it should not be forgotten, was in Bezetha, the new
town; and to get to the Praetorium, as the Romans resonantly styled
the palace of Herod on Mount Zion, the party had to cross the lowlands
north and west of the Temple. By streets- if they may be so called-
trending north and south, with intersections hardly up to the
dignity of alleys, they passed rapidly round the Akra district to
the Tower of Mariamne, from which the way was short to the grand
gate of the walled heights. In going, they overtook, or were overtaken
by, people like themselves stirred to wrath by news of the proposed
desecration. When, at length, they reached the gate of the Praetorium,
the procession of elders and rabbis had passed in with a great
following, leaving a greater crowd clamouring outside.
  A centurion kept the entrance with the guard drawn up full armed
under the beautiful marble battlements. The sun struck the soldiers
fervidly on helm and shield; but they kept their ranks indifferent
alike to its dazzle and to the mouthings of the rabble. Through the
open bronze gates a current of citizens poured in, while a much lesser
one poured out.
  "What is going on?" one of the Galileans asked an outcomer.
  "Nothing," was the reply. "The rabbis are before the door of the
palace asking to see Pilate. He has refused to come out. They have
sent one to tell him they will not go away till he has heard them.
They are waiting."
  "Let us go in," said Ben-Hur, in his quiet way, seeing what his
companions probably did not, that there was not only a disagreement
between the suitors and the governor, but an issue joined, and a
serious question as to who should have his will.
  Inside the gate there was a row of trees in leaf, with seats under
them. The people, whether going or coming, carefully avoided the shade
cast gratefully upon the white, clean-swept pavement; for, strange
as it may seem, a rabbinical ordinance, alleged to have been derived
from the law, permitted no green thing to be grown within the walls of
Jerusalem. Even the wise king, it was said, wanting a garden for his
Egyptian bride, was constrained to found it down in the
meeting-place of the valleys above En-rogel.
  Through the tree-tops shone the outer fronts of the palace.
Turning to the right, the party proceeded a short distance to a
spacious square, on the west side of which stood the residence of
the governor. An excited multitude filled the square. Every face was
directed towards a portico built over a broad doorway which was
closed. Under the portico there was another array of legionaries.
  The throng was so close the friends could not well have advanced
if such had been their desire; they remained therefore in the rear,
observers of what was going on. About the portico they could see the
high turbans of the rabbis, whose impatience communicated at times
to the mass behind them; a cry was frequent to the effect, "Pilate, if
thou be a governor, come forth, come forth!"
  Once a man coming out pushed through the crowd, his face red with
anger.
  "Israel is of no account here," he said, in a loud voice. "On this
holy ground we are no better than dogs of Rome."
  "Will he not come out, think you?"
  "Come? Has he not thrice refused?"
  "What will the rabbis do?"
  "As at Caesarea- camp here till he gives them ear."
  "He will not dare touch the treasure, will he?" asked one of the
Galileans.
  "Who can say? Did not a Roman profane the Holy of Holies? Is there
anything sacred from Romans?"
  An hour passed, and though Pilate deigned them no answer, the rabbis
and crowd remained. Noon came, bringing a shower from the west, but no
change in the situation, except that the multitude was larger and much
noisier, and the feeling more decidedly angry. The shouting was almost
continuous, Come forth, come forth! The cry was sometimes with
disrespectful variations. Meanwhile Ben-Hur held his Galilean
friends together. He judged the pride of the Roman would eventually
get the better of his discretion, and that the end could not be far
off. Pilate was but waiting for the people to furnish him an excuse
for resort to violence.
  And at last the end came. In the midst of the assemblage there was
heard the sound of blows, succeeded instantly by yells of pain and
rage, and a most furious commotion. The venerable men in front of
the portico faced about aghast. The common people in the rear at first
pushed forward; in the centre, the effort was to get out; and for a
short time the pressure of opposing forces was terrible. A thousand
voices made inquiry, raised all at once; as no one had time to answer,
the surprise speedily became a panic.
  Ben-Hur kept his senses.
  "You cannot see," he said to one of the Galileans.
  "No."
  "I will raise you up."
  He caught the man about the middle, and lifted him bodily.
  "What is it?"
  "I see now," said the man. "There are some armed with dubs, and they
are beating the people. They are dressed like Jews."
  "Who are they?"
  "Romans, as the Lord liveth! Romans in disguise. Their clubs fly
like flails! There, I saw a rabbi struck down- an old man! They
spare nobody!"
  Ben-Hur let the man down.
  "Men of Galilee," he said, "it is a trick of Pilate's. Now, will you
do what I say, we will get even with the club-men."
  The Galilean spirit arose.
  "Yes, yes!" they answered.
  "Let us go back to the trees by the gate, and we may find the
planting of Herod, though unlawful, has some good in it after all.
Come!"
  They ran back all of them fast as they could; and, by throwing their
united weight upon the limbs, tore them from the trunks. In a brief
time they, too, were armed. Returning, at the corner of the square
they met the crowd rushing madly for the gate. Behind, the clamour
continued- a medley of shrieks, groans, and execrations.
  "To the wall!" Ben-Hur shouted. "To the wall!- and let the herd go
by!"
  So, clinging to the masonry at their right hand, they escaped the
might of the rush, and little by little made headway until, at last,
the square was reached.
  "Keep together now, and follow me!"
  By this time Ben-Hur's leadership was perfect; and as he pushed into
the seething mob his party closed after him in a body. And when the
Romans, clubbing the people and making merry as they struck them down,
came hand to hand with the Galileans, lithe of limb, eager for the
fray, and equally armed, they were in turn surprised. Then the
shouting was close and fierce; the crash of sticks rapid and deadly;
the advance furious as hate could make it. No one performed his part
as well as Ben-Hur, whose training served him admirably; for, not
merely he knew to strike and guard; his long arm, perfect action,
and incomparable strength helped him, also, to success in every
encounter. He was at the same time fighting-man and leader. The club
he wielded was of goodly length and weighty, so had need to strike a
man but once. He seemed, moreover, to have eyes for each combat of his
friends, and the faculty of being at the right moment exactly where he
was most needed. In his fighting cry there were inspiration for his
party and alarm for his enemies. Thus surprised and equally matched,
the Romans at first retired, but finally turned their backs and fled
to the portico. The impetuous Galileans would have pursued them to the
steps, but Ben-Hur wisely restrained them.
  "Stay, my men!" he said. "The centurion yonder is coming with the
guard. They have swords and shields; we cannot fight them. We have
done well; let us get back and out of the gate while we may."
  They obeyed him, though slowly; for they had frequently to step over
their countrymen lying where they had been felled; some writhing and
groaning, some praying help, others mute as the dead. But the fallen
were not all Jews. In that there was consolation.
  The centurion shouted to them as they went off; Ben-Hur laughed at
him, and replied in his own tongue, "If we are dogs of Israel, you are
Jackals of Rome. Remain here and we will come again."
  The Galileans cheered, and, laughing, went on.
  Outside the gate there was a multitude the like of which Ben-Hur had
never seen, not even in the circus at Antioch. The house-tops, the
streets, the slope of the hill, appeared densely covered with people
wailing and praying. The air was filled with their cries and
imprecations.
  The party were permitted to pass without challenge by the outer
guard. But hardly were they out before the centurion in charge at
the portico appeared, and in the gateway called to Ben-Hur-
  "Ho, insolent! Art thou a Roman or a Jew?"
  Ben-Hur answered, "I am a son of Judah, born here. What wouldst thou
with me?"
  "Stay and fight."
  "Singly?"
  "As thou wilt!"
  Ben-Hur laughed derisively.
  "O brave Roman! Worthy son of the bastard Roman Jove! I have no
arms."
  "Thou shalt have mine," the centurion answered. "I will borrow of
the guard here."
  The people in hearing of the colloquy became silent; and from them
the hush spread afar. But lately Ben-Hur had beaten a Roman under
the eyes of Antioch and the Farther East; now, could he beat another
one under the eyes of Jerusalem, the honour might be vastly profitable
to the cause of the New King. He did not hesitate. Going frankly to
the centurion, he said, "I am. willing. Lend me thy sword and shield."
  "And the helm and breastplate?" asked the Roman.
  "Keep them. They might not fit me."
  The arms were as frankly delivered, and directly the centurion was
ready. All this time the soldiers in rank close by the gate never
moved; they simply listened. As to the multitude, only when the
combatants advanced to begin the fight the question sped from mouth to
mouth, "Who is he?" And no one knew.
  Now the Roman supremacy in arms lay in three things- submission to
discipline, the legionary formation of battle, and a peculiar use of
the short sword. In combat, they never struck, or cut; from first to
last they thrust- they advanced thrusting, they retired thrusting; and
generally their aim was at the foeman's face. All this was well
known to Ben-Hur. As they were about to engage he said-
  "I told thee I was a son of Judah; but I did not tell that I am
lanista-taught. Defend thyself!"
  At the last word Ben-Hur closed with his antagonist. A moment,
standing foot to foot, they glared at each other over the rims of
their embossed shields; then the Roman pushed forward and feinted an
under-thrust. The Jew laughed at him. A thrust at the face followed.
The Jew stepped lightly to the left; quick as the thrust was, the step
was quicker. Under the lifted arm of the foe he slid his shield,
advancing it until the sword and sword-arm were both caught on its
upper surface; another step, this time forward and left, and the man's
whole right side was offered to the point. The centurion fell
heavily on his breast, clanging the pavement, and Ben-Hur had won.
With his foot upon his enemy's back, he raised his shield overhead
after a gladiatorial custom, and saluted the imperturbable soldiers by
the gate.
  When the people realized the victory they behaved like mad. On the
houses far as the Xystus, fast as the word could fly, they waved their
shawls and handkerchiefs and shouted; and if he had consented, the
Galileans would have carried Ben-Hur off upon their shoulders.
  To a petty officer who then advanced from the gate he said, "Thy
comrade died like a soldier. I leave him undespoiled. Only his sword
and shield are mine."
  With that he walked away. Off a little he spoke to the Galileans-
  "Brethren, you have behaved well. Let us now separate, lest we be
pursued. Meet me to-night at the khan in Bethany. I have something
to propose to you of great interest to Israel."
  "Who are you?" they asked him.
  "A son of Judah," he answered, simply.
  A throng eager to see him surged around the party.
  "Will you come to Bethany?" he asked. "Yes, we will come." "Then
bring with you this sword and shield, that I may know you."
  Pushing brusquely through the increasing crowd, he speedily
disappeared.
  At the instance of Pilate, the people went up from the city and
carried off their dead and wounded, and there was much mourning for
them; but the grief was greatly lightened by the victory of the
unknown champion, who was everywhere sought, and by every one
extolled. The fainting spirit of the nation was revived by the brave
deed; insomuch that in the streets and up in the Temple even, amidst
the solemnities of the feast, old tales of the Maccabees were told
again, and thousands shook their heads, whispering wisely-
  "A little longer, only a little longer, brethren, and Israel will
come to her own. Let there be faith in the Lord, and patience."
  In such manner Ben-Hur obtained hold on Galilee, and paved the way
to greater services in the cause of the King Who Was Coming.
  And with what result we shall see.
                       BOOK SEVENTH.

             "And, waking, I beheld her there
              Sea-dreaming in the moted air,
              A siren lithe and debonair,
              With wristlets woven of scarlet weeds,
              And oblong lucent amber beads
              Of sea-kelp shining in her hair."
                                        -THOMAS BAILEY ALDRICH.

                        CHAPTER I.
              JERUSALEM GOES OUT TO A PROPHET.

  THE meeting took place in the khan of Bethany as appointed. Thence
Ben-Hur went with the Galileans into their country, where his exploits
up in the old Market-place gave him fame and influence. Before the
winter was gone he raised three legions, and organized them after
the Roman pattern. He could have had as many more, for the martial
spirit of that gallant people never slept. The proceeding, however,
required careful guarding as against both Rome and Herod Antipas.
Contenting himself for the present with the three, he strove to
train and educate them for systematic action. For that purpose he
carried the officers over into the lava-beds of Trachonitis, and
taught them the use of arms, particularly the javelin and sword, and
the manoeuvring peculiar to the legionary formation; after which he
sent them home as teachers. And soon the training became a pastime
of the people.
  As may be thought, the task called for patience, skill, zeal, faith,
and devotion on his part- qualities into which the power of
inspiring others in matters of difficulty is always resolvable; and
never man possessed them in greater degree or used them to better
effect. How he laboured! And with utter denial of self! Yet withal
he would have failed but for the support he had from Simonides, who
furnished him arms and money, and from Ilderim, who kept watch and
brought him supplies. And still he would have failed but for the
genius of the Galileans.
  Under that name were comprehended the four tribes- Asher, Zebulon,
Issachar, and Naphthali- and the districts originally set apart to
them. The Jew born in sight of the Temple despised these brethren of
the north; but the Talmud itself has said, "The Galilean loves honour,
and the Jew money."
  Hating Rome fervidly as they loved their own country, in every
revolt they were first in the field and last to leave it. One
hundred and fifty thousand Galilean youths perished in the final war
with Rome. For the great festal days they went up to Jerusalem
marching and camping like armies; yet they were liberal in
sentiment, and even tolerant to heathenism. In Herod's beautiful
cities, which were Roman in all things, in Sepphoris and Tiberias
especially, they took pride, and in the building them gave loyal
support. They had for fellow-citizens men from the outside world
everywhere, and lived in peace with them. To the glory of the Hebrew
name they contributed poets like the singer of the Song of Songs,
and prophets like Hosea.
  Upon such a people- so quick, so proud, so brave, so devoted, so
imaginative- a tale like that of the coming of the King was
all-powerful. That he was coming to put Rome down would have been
sufficient to enlist them in the scheme proposed by Ben-Hur; but when,
besides, they were assured he was to rule the world, more mighty
than Caesar, more magnificent than Solomon, and that the rule was to
last forever, the appeal was irresistible, and they vowed themselves
to the cause, body and soul. They asked Ben-Hur his authority for
the sayings, and he quoted the prophets, and told them of Balthasar in
waiting over in Antioch; and they were satisfied, for it was the old
much-loved legend of the Messiah, familiar to them almost as the
name of the Lord; the long-cherished dream with a time fixed for its
realization. The King was not merely coming now; he was at hand.
  So with Ben-Hur the winter months rolled by, and spring came, with
gladdening showers blown over from the summering sea in the west;
and by that time so earnestly and successfully had he toiled that he
could say to himself and his followers, "Let the good King come. He
has only to tell us where he will have his throne set up. We have
the sword-hands to keep it for him."
  And in all his dealings with the many men they knew him only as a
son of Judah, and by that name.
                     *   *   *   *   *
  One evening, over in Trachonitis, Ben-Hur was sitting with some of
his Galileans at the mouth of the cave in which he quartered, when
an Arab courier rode to him, and delivered a letter. Breaking the
package, he read-

                                         "JERUSALEM, Nisan IV.
  "A prophet has appeared who men say is Elias. He has been in the
wilderness for years, and to our eyes he is a prophet; and such also
is his speech, the burden of which is of one much greater than
himself, who, he says, is to come presently, and for whom he is now
waiting on the eastern shore of the River Jordan. I have been to see
and hear him, and the one he is waiting for is certainly the King
you are awaiting. Come and Judge for yourself.
  "All Jerusalem is going out to the prophet, and with many people
else the shore on which he abides is like Mount Olivet in the last
days of the Passover.
                                                       "MALLUCH."

  Ben-Hur's face flushed with joy.
  "By this word, O my friends," he said- "by this word, our waiting is
at end. The herald of the King has appeared and announced him."
  Upon hearing the letter read, they also rejoiced at the promise it
held out.
  "Get ready now," he added, "and in the morning set your faces
homeward; when arrived there, send word to those under you, and bid
them be ready to assemble as I may direct. For myself and you, I
will go see if the King be indeed at hand, and send you report. Let
us, in the meantime, live in the pleasure of the promise."
  Going into the cave, he addressed a letter to Ilderim, and another
to Simonides, giving notice of the news received, and of his purpose
to go up immediately to Jerusalem. The letters he despatched by
swift messengers. When night fell, and the stars of direction came
out, he mounted, and with an Arab guide set out for the Jordan,
intending to strike the track of the caravans between Rabbath-Ammon
and Damascus.
  The guide was sure, and Aldebaran swift; so by midnight the two were
out of the lava fastness speeding southward.
                        CHAPTER II.
                 NOONING BY THE POOL- IRAS.

  IT was Ben-Hur's purpose to turn aside at the break of day, and find
a safe place in which to rest; but the dawn overtook him while out
in the desert, and he kept on, the guide promising to bring him
afterwhile to a vale shut in by great rocks, where there were a
spring, some mulberry-trees, and herbage in plenty for the horses.
  As he rode, thinking of the wondrous events so soon to happen, and
of the changes they were to bring about in the affairs of men and
nations, the guide, ever on the alert, called attention to the
appearance of strangers behind them. Everywhere around the desert
stretched away in waves of sand, slowly yellowing in the growing
light, and without any green thing visible. Over on the left, but
still far off, a range of low mountains extended, apparently
interminable. In the vacancy of such a waste an object in motion could
not long continue a mystery.
  "It is a camel with riders," the guide said, directly.
  "Are there others behind?" said Ben-Hur.
  "It is alone. No, there is a man on horseback- the driver,
probably."
  A little later Ben-Hur himself could see the camel was white and
unusually large, reminding him of the wonderful animal he had seen
bring Balthasar and Iras to the fountain in the Grove of Daphne. There
could be no other like it. Thinking then of the fair Egyptian,
insensibly his gait became slower, and at length fell into the
merest loiter, until finally he could discern a curtained houdah,
and two persons seated within it. If they were Balthasar and Iras!
Should he make himself known to them? But it could not be: this was
the desert- and they were alone. But while he debated the question the
long swinging stride of the camel brought its riders up to him. He
heard the ringing of the tiny bells and beheld the rich housings which
had been so attractive to the crowd at the Castalian fount. He
beheld also the Ethiopian, always attendant upon the Egyptians. The
tall brute stopped close by his horse, and Ben-Hur, looking up, lo!
Iras herself under the raised curtain looking down at him, her great
swimming eyes bright with astonishment and inquiry!
  "The blessing of the true God upon you!" said Balthasar, in his
tremulous voice.
  "And to thee and thine be the peace of the Lord," Ben-Hur replied.
  "My eyes are weak with years," said Balthasar; "but they approve you
that son of Hur whom lately I knew an honoured guest in the tent of
Ilderim the Generous."
  "And thou art that Balthasar, the wise Egyptian, whose speech
concerning certain holy things in expectation is having so much to
do with the finding me in this waste place. What dost thou here?"
  "He is never alone who is where God is- and God is everywhere,"
Balthasar answered, gravely; "but in the sense of your asking, there
is a caravan a short way behind us going to Alexandria; and as it is
to pass through Jerusalem, I thought best to avail myself of its
company as far as the Holy City, whither I am journeying. This
morning, however, in discontent with its slow movement- slower because
of a Roman cohort in attendance upon it- we rose early, and ventured
thus far in advance. As to robbers along the way, we are not afraid,
for I have here a signet of Sheik Ilderim; against beasts of prey, God
is our sufficient trust."
  Ben-Hur bowed and said, "The good sheik's signet is a safe-guard
wherever the wilderness extends, and the lion shall be swift that
overtakes this king of his kind."
  He patted the neck of the camel as he spoke.
  "Yet," said Iras, with a smile which was not lost upon the youth,
whose eyes, it must be admitted, had several times turned to her
during the interchange of speeches with the elder.- "Yet even he would
be better if his fast were broken. Kings have hunger and headaches. If
you be, indeed, the Ben-Hur of whom my father has spoken, and whom
it was my pleasure to have known as well, you will be happy, I am
sure, to show us some near path to living water, that with its sparkle
we may grace a morning's meal in the desert."
  Ben-Hur, nothing loath, hastened to answer.
  "Fair Egyptian, I give you sympathy. Can you bear suffering a little
longer, we will find the spring you ask for, and I promise that its
draught shall be as sweet and cooling as that of the more famous
Castalia. With leave, we will make haste."
  "I give you the blessing of the thirsty," she replied; "and offer
you in return a bit of bread from the city ovens, dipped in fresh
butter from the dewy meadows of Damascus."
  "A most rare favour. Let us go on."
  So saying, Ben-Hur rode forward with his guide, one of the
inconveniences of travelling with camels being, that it is necessarily
an interdiction of polite conversation.
  Afterwhile the party came to a shallow wady, down which, turning
to the right hand, the guide led them. The bed of the cut was somewhat
soft from recent rains, and quite bold in its descent. Momentarily,
however, it widened; and erelong the sides became bluffs ribbed with
rocks much scarred by floods rushing to lower depths ahead. Finally,
from a narrow passage, the travellers entered a spreading vale which
was very delightful; but come upon suddenly from the yellow,
unrelieved, verdureless plain, it had the effect of a
freshly-discovered Paradise. The water-channels winding here and
there, definable by crisp white shingling, appeared like threads
tangled among islands green with grasses and fringed with reeds. Up
from the final depths of the valley of the Jordan some venturous
oleanders had crept, and with their large bloom now starred the sunken
place. One palm-tree arose in royal assertion. The bases of the
boundary-walls were cloaked with clambering vines, and under a leaning
cliff over on the left the mulberry grove had planted itself,
proclaiming the spring which the party were seeking. And thither the
guide conducted them, careless of whistling partridges and lesser
birds of brighter hues roused whirring from the reedy coverts.
  The water started from a crack in the cliff which some loving hand
had enlarged into an arched cavity. Graven over it in bold Hebraic
letters was the word GOD. The graver had no doubt drunk there, and
tarried many days, and given thanks in that durable form. From the
arch the stream ran merrily over a flag spotted with bright moss,
and leaped into a pool glassy clear; thence it stole away between
grassy banks, nursing the trees before it vanished in the thirsty
sand. A few narrow paths were noticeable about the margin of the pool;
otherwise the space around was untrodden turf, at sight of which the
guide was assured of rest free from intrusion by men. The horses
were presently turned loose, and from the kneeling camel the Ethiopian
assisted Balthasar and Iras; whereupon the old man, turning his face
to the east, crossed his hands reverently upon his breast and prayed.
  "Bring me a cup," Iras said, with some impatience.
  From the houdah the slave brought her a crystal goblet; then she
said to Ben-Hur-
  "I will be your servant at the fountain."
  They walked to the pool together. He would have dipped the water for
her, but she refused his offer, and kneeling, held the cup to be
filled by the stream itself; nor yet content, when it was cooled and
overrunning, she tendered him the first draught.
  "No," he said, putting the graceful hand aside, and seeing only
the large eyes half hidden beneath the arches of the upraised brows,
"be the service mine, I pray." She persisted in having her way.
  "In my country, O son of Hur, we have a saying, 'Better a
cupbearer to the fortunate than minister to a king.'"
  "Fortunate!" he said.
  There were both surprise and inquiry in the tone of his voice and in
his look, and she said quickly-
  "The gods give us success as a sign by which we may know them on our
side. Were you not winner in the Circus?"
  His cheeks began to flush.
  "That was one sign. There is another. In a combat with swords you
slew a Roman."
  The flush deepened- not so much for the triumphs themselves as the
flattery there was in the thought that she had followed his career
with interest. A moment, and the pleasure was succeeded by a
reflection. The combat, he knew, was matter of report throughout the
East; but the name of the victor had been committed to a very few-
Malluch, Ilderim, and Simonides. Could they have made a confidante
of the woman? So with wonder and gratification he was confused; and
seeing it, she arose and said, holding the cup over the pool-
  "O gods of Egypt! I give thanks for a hero discovered- thanks that
the victim in the Palace of Idernee was not my king of men. And so,
O holy gods, I pour and drink."
  Part of the contents of the cup she returned to the stream, the rest
she drank. When she took the crystal from her lips, she laughed at
him.
  "O son of Hur, is it a fashion of the very brave to be so easily
overcome by a woman? Take the cup now, and see if you cannot find a
happy word in it for me!"
  He took the cup, and stooped to refill it.
  "A son of Israel has no gods whom he can libate," he said, playing
with the water to hide his amazement, now greater than before. What
more did the Egyptian know about him? Had she been told of his
relations with Simonides? And there was the treaty with Ilderim- had
she knowledge of that also? He was struck with mistrust. Somebody
had betrayed his secrets, and they were serious. And, besides, he
was going to Jerusalem, just then of all the world the place where
such intelligence possessed by an enemy might be most dangerous to
him, his associates, and the cause. But was she an enemy? It is well
for us that, while writing is slow, thought is instantaneous. When the
cup was fairly cooled, he filled it and arose, saying, with
indifference well affected-
  "Most fair, were I an Egyptian or a Greek or a Roman, I would
say"- he raised the goblet overhead as he spoke- "O ye better gods!
I give thanks that there are yet left to the world, despite its wrongs
and sufferings, the charm of beauty and the solace of love, and I
drink to her who best represents them- to Iras, loveliest of the
daughters of the Nile!"
  She laid her hand softly upon his shoulder.
  "You have offended against the law. The gods you have drunk to are
false gods. Why shall I not tell the rabbis on you?"
  "Oh!" he replied, laughing, "that is very little to tell for one who
knows so much else that is really important."
  "I will go further- I will go to the little Jewess who makes the
roses grow and the shadows flame in the house of the great merchant
over in Antioch. To the rabbis I will accuse you of impenitence; to
her- "
  "Well, to her?"
  "I will repeat what you have said to me under the lifted cup, with
the gods for witnesses."
  He was still a moment, as if waiting for the Egyptian to go on. With
quickened fancy he saw Esther at her father's side listening to the
despatches he had forwarded- sometimes reading them. In her presence
he had told Simonides the story of the affair in the Palace of
Idernee. She and Iras were acquainted; this one was shrewd and
worldly; the other was simple and affectionate, and therefore easily
won. Simonides could not have broken faith- nor Ilderim- for if not
held by honour, there was no one, unless it might be himself, to
whom the consequences of exposure were more serious and certain. Could
Esther have been the Egyptian's informant? He did not accuse her;
yet a suspicion was sown with the thought, and suspicions, as we all
know, are weeds of the mind which grow of themselves, and most rapidly
when least wanted. Before he could answer the allusion to the little
Jewess, Balthasar came to the pool.
  "We are greatly indebted to you, son of Hur," he said, in his
grave manner. "This vale is very beautiful; the grass, the trees,
the shade, invite us to stay and rest, and the spring here has the
sparkle of diamonds in motion, and sings to me of a loving God. It
is not enough to thank you for the enjoyment we find; come sit with
us, and taste our bread."
  "Suffer me first to serve you."
  With that Ben-Hur filled the goblet, and gave it to Balthasar, who
lifted his eyes in thanksgiving.
  Immediately the slave brought napkins; and after laving their
hands and drying them, the three seated themselves in Eastern style
under the tent which years before had served the Wise Men at the
meeting in the desert. And they ate heartily of the good things
taken from the camel's pack.
                        CHAPTER III.
                     THE LIFE OF A SOUL.

  THE tent was cosily pitched beneath a tree where the gurgle of the
stream was constantly in ear. Overhead the broad leaves hung
motionless on their stems; the delicate reed-stalks off in the
pearly haze stood up arrowy-straight; occasionally a home-returning
bee shot humming athwart the shade, and a partridge, creeping from the
sedge, drank, whistled to his mate, and ran away. The restfulness of
the vale, the freshness of the air, the garden beauty, the Sabbath
stillness, seemed to have affected the spirits of the elder
Egyptian; his voice, gestures, and whole manner were unusually gentle;
and often as he bent his eyes upon Ben-Hur conversing with Iras,
they softened with pity.
  "When we overtook you, son of Hur," he said, at the conclusion of
the repast, "it seemed your face was also turned towards Jerusalem.
May I ask, without offence, if you are going so far?"
  "I am going to the Holy City."
  "For the great need I have to spare myself prolonged toil, I will
further ask you, Is there a shorter road than that by Rabbath-Ammon?"
  "A rougher route, but shorter, lies by Geresa and Rabbath-Gilead. It
is the one I design taking."
  "I am impatient," said Balthasar. "Latterly my sleep has been
visited by dreams- or rather by the same dream in repetition. A voice-
it is nothing more- comes and tells me, 'Haste- arise! He whom thou
hast so long awaited is at hand.'"
  "You mean he that is to be King of the Jews?" Ben-Hur asked,
gazing at the Egyptian in wonder.
  "Even so."
  "Then you have heard nothing of him?"
  "Nothing, except the words of the voice in the dream."
  "Here, then, are tidings to make you glad as they made me."
  From his gown Ben-Hur drew the letter received from Malluch. The
hand the Egyptian held out trembled violently. He read aloud, and as
he read his feelings increased; the limp veins in his neck swelled and
throbbed. At the conclusion he raised his suffused eyes in
thanksgiving and prayer. He asked no questions, yet had no doubts.
  "Thou hast been very good to me, O God," he said. "Give me, I pray
thee, to see the Saviour again, and worship him, and thy servant
will be ready to go in peace."
  The words, the manner, the singular personality of the simple
prayer, touched Ben-Hur with a sensation new and abiding. God never
seemed so actual and so near by it was as if he were there bending
over them or sitting at their side- a Friend whose favours were to
be had by the most unceremonious asking- a Father to whom all his
children were alike in love- Father, not more of the Jew than of the
Gentile- the universal Father, who needed no intermediates, no rabbis,
no priests, no teachers. The idea that such a God might send mankind a
Saviour instead of a king appeared to Ben-Hur in a light not merely
new, but so plain that he could almost discern both the greater want
of such a gift and its greater consistency with the nature of such a
Deity. So he could not resist asking-
  "Now that he has come, O Balthasar, you still think he is to be a
Saviour, and not a king?"
  Balthasar gave him a look thoughtful as it was tender.
  "How shall I understand you?" he asked, in return. "The Spirit,
which was the Star that was my guide of old, has not appeared to me
since I met you in the tent of the good sheik; that is to say, I
have not seen or heard it as formerly. I believe the voice that
spoke to me in my dreams was it; but other than that I have no
revelation."
  "I will recall the difference between us," said Ben-Hur, with
deference. "You were of opinion that he would be a king, but not as
Caesar is; you thought his sovereignty would be spiritual, not of
the world."
  "Oh yes," the Egyptian answered; "and I am of the same opinion
now. I see the divergence in our faith. You are going to meet a king
of men, I a Saviour of Souls."
  He paused with the look often seen when people are struggling,
with introverted effort, to disentangle a thought which is either
too high for quick discernment or too subtle for simple expression.
  "Let me try, O son of Hur," he said, directly, "and help you to a
clear understanding of my belief; then it may be, seeing how the
spiritual kingdom I expect him to set up can be more excellent in
every sense than anything of mere Caesarean splendour, you will better
understand the reason of the interest I take in the mysterious
person we are going to welcome.
  "I cannot tell you when the idea of a Soul in every man had its
origin. Most likely the first parents brought it with them out of
the garden in which they had their first dwelling. We all do know,
however, that it has never perished entirely out of mind. By some
peoples it was lost, but not by all; in some ages it dulled and faded;
in others it was overwhelmed with doubts; but, in great goodness,
God kept sending us at intervals mighty intellects to argue it back to
faith and hope.
  "Why should there be a Soul in every man? Look, O son of Hur- for
one moment look at the necessity of such a device. To lie down and
die, and be no more- no more forever- time never was when man wished
for such an end; nor has the man ever been who did not in his heart
promise himself something better. The monuments of the nations are all
protests against nothingness after death; so are statues and
inscriptions; so is history. The greatest of our Egyptian kings had
his effigy cut out of a hill of solid rock. Day after day he went with
a host in chariots to see the work; at last it was finished, never
effigy so grand, so enduring: it looked like him- the features were
his, faithful even in expression. Now may we not think of him saying
in that moment of pride, 'Let Death come; there is an after-life for
me!' He had his wish. The statue is there yet.
  "But what is the after-life he thus secured? Only a recollection
by men- a glory unsubstantial as moonshine on the brow of the great
bust: a story in stone- nothing more. Meantime, what has become of the
king? There is an embalmed body up in the royal tombs which once was
his- an effigy not so fair to look at as the other out in the
desert. But where, O son of Hur, where is the king himself? Is he
fallen into nothingness? Two thousand years have gone since he was a
man alive as you and I are. Was his last breath the end of him?
  "To say yes would be to accuse God; let us rather accept his
better plan of attaining life after death for us- actual life, I mean-
the something more than a place in mortal memory; life with going
and coming, with sensation, with knowledge, with power, and all
appreciation; life eternal in term, though it may be with changes of
condition.
  "Ask you what God's plan is? The gift of a Soul to each of us at
birth, with this simple law- there shall be no immortality except
through the Soul. In that law see the necessity of which I spoke.
  "Let us turn from the necessity now. A word as to the pleasure there
is in the thought of a Soul in each of us. In the first place, it robs
death of its terrors by making dying a change for the better, and
burial but the planting of a seed from which there will spring a new
life. In the next place, behold me as I am- weak, weary, old, shrunken
in body, and graceless; look at my wrinkled face, think of my
failing senses, listen to my shrilled voice. Ah! what happiness to
me in the promise that when the tomb opens, as soon it will, to
receive the worn-out husk I call myself, the now viewless doors of the
universe, which is but the palace of God, will swing wide ajar to
receive me, a liberated immortal Soul!
  "I would I could tell the ecstasy there must be in that life to
come! Do not say I know nothing about it. This much I know, and it
is enough for me- the being a Soul implies conditions of divine
superiority. In such a being there is no dust, nor any gross thing; it
must be finer than air, more impalpable than light, purer than
essence- it is life in absolute purity.
  "What now, O son of Hur? Knowing so much, shall I dispute with
myself or you about the unnecessaries- about the form of my Soul? Or
where it is to abide? Or whether it eats or drinks? Or is winged, or
wears this or that? No. It is more becoming to trust in God. The
beautiful in this world is all from his hand, declaring the perfection
of taste; he is the author of all form; he clothes the lily, he
colours the rose, he distils the dewdrop, he makes the music of
nature; in a word, he organized us for this life, and imposed its
conditions; and they are such guaranty to me that, trustful as a
little child, I leave to him the organization of my Soul, and every
arrangement for the life after death. I know he loves me."
  The good man stopped and drank, and the hand carrying the cup to his
lips trembled; and both Iras and Ben-Hur shared his emotion and
remained silent. Upon the latter a light was breaking. He was
beginning to see, as never before, that there might be a spiritual
kingdom of more import to men than any earthly empire; and that
after all a Saviour would indeed be a more godly gift than the
greatest king.
  "I might ask you now," said Balthasar, continuing, "whether this
human life, so troubled and brief, is preferable to the perfect and
everlasting life designed for the Soul? But take the question, and
think of it for yourself, formulating thus: Supposing both to be
equally happy, is one hour more desirable than one year? From that
then advance to the final inquiry, what are threescore and ten years
on earth to all eternity with God? By-and-by, son of Hur, thinking
in such manner, you will be filled with the meaning of the fact I
present you next, to me the most amazing of all events, and in its
effects the most sorrowful; it is, that the very idea of life as a
Soul is a light almost gone out in the world. Here and there, to be
sure, a philosopher may be found who will talk to you of a Soul,
likening it to a principle; but because philosophers take nothing upon
faith, they will not go the length of admitting a Soul to be a
being, and on that account its purpose is compressed darkness to them.
  "Everything animate has a mind measurable by its wants. Is there
to you no meaning in the singularity that power in full degree to
speculate upon the future was given to man alone? By the sign as I see
it, God meant to make us know ourselves created for another and a
better life, such being in fact the greatest need of our nature.
But, alas! into what a habit the nations have fallen! They live for
the day, as if the present were the all in all, and go about saying,
'There is no to-morrow after death; or if there be, since we know
nothing about it, be it a care unto itself.' So when Death calls them,
'Come,' they may not enter into enjoyment of the glorious after-life
because of their unfitness. That is to say, the ultimate happiness
of man was everlasting life in the society of God. Alas, O son of Hur,
that I should say it! but as well yon sleeping camel constant in
such society as the holiest priests this day serving the highest
altars in the most renowned temples. So much men are given to this
lower earthly life! So nearly have they forgotten that other which
is to come!
  "See now, I pray you, that which is to be saved to us.
  "For my part, speaking with the holiness of truth, I would not
give one hour of life as a Soul for a thousand years of life as a
man."
  Here the Egyptian seemed to become unconscious of companionship
and fall away into abstraction.
  "This life has its problems," he said, "and there are men who
spend their days trying to solve them; but what are they to the
problems of the hereafter? What is there like knowing God? Not a
scroll of the mysteries, but the mysteries themselves would for that
hour at least lie before me revealed; even the innermost and most
awful- the power which now we shrink from thought of- which rimmed the
void with shores, and lighted the darkness, and out of nothing
appointed the universe. All places would be opened. I would be
filled with divine knowledge; I would see all glories, taste all
delights; I would revel in being. And, if at the end of the hour, it
should please God to tell me, 'I take thee into my service forever,'
the furthest limit of desire would be passed; after which the
attainable ambitions of this life, and its joys of whatever kind,
would not be so much as the tinkling of little bells."
  Balthasar paused as if to recover from very ecstasy of feeling;
and to Ben-Hur it seemed the speech had been the delivery of a Soul
speaking for itself.
  "I pray pardon, son of Hur," the good man continued, with a bow, the
gravity of which was relieved by the tender look that followed it.
"I meant to leave the life of a Soul, its conditions, pleasures,
superiority, to your own reflection and finding out. The joy of the
thought has betrayed me into much speech. I set out to show, though
ever so faintly, the reason of my faith. It grieves me that words
are so weak. But help yourself to truth. Consider first the excellence
of the existence which was reserved for us after death, and give
heed to the feelings and impulses the thought is sure to awaken in
you- heed them, I say, because they are your own Soul astir, doing
what it can to urge you in the right way. Consider next that the
after-life has become so obscured as to justify calling it a lost
light. If you find it, rejoice, O Son of Hur- rejoice as I do,
though in beggary of words. For then, besides the great gift which
is to be saved to us, you will have found the need of a Saviour so
infinitely greater than the need of a king; and he we are going to
meet will not longer hold place in your hope a warrior with a sword or
a monarch with a crown.
  "A practical question presents itself- How shall we know him at
sight? If you continue in your belief as to his character- that he
is to be a king as Herod was- of course you will keep on until you
meet a man clothed in purple and with a sceptre. On the other hand, he
I look for will be one poor, humble, undistinguished- a man in
appearance as other men; and the sign by which I will know him will be
never so simple. He will offer to slow me and all mankind the way to
the eternal life; the beautiful pure Life of the Soul."
  The company sat a moment in silence, which was broken by Balthasar.
  "Let us arise now," he said- "let us arise and set forward again.
What I have said has caused a return of impatience to see him who is
ever in my thought; and if I seem to hurry you, O son of Hur- and you,
my daughter- be that my excuse."
  At his signal the slave brought them wine in a skin bottle; and they
poured and drank, and shaking the lap-cloths out, arose.
  While the slave restored the tent and wares to the box under the
houdah, and the Arab brought up the horses, the three principals laved
themselves in the pool.
  In a little while they were retracing their steps back through the
wady, intending to overtake the caravan if it had passed them by.
                        CHAPTER IV.
               BEN-HUR KEEPS WATCH WITH IRAS.

  THE caravan, stretched out upon the desert, was very picturesque; in
motion, however, it was like a lazy serpent. By-and-by its stubborn
dragging became intolerably irksome to Balthasar, patient as he was;
so, at his suggestion, the party determined to go on by themselves.
  If the reader be young, or if he yet has a sympathetic
recollection of the romanticisms of his youth, he will relish the
pleasure with which Ben-Hur, riding near the camel of the Egyptians,
gave a last look at the head of the straggling column almost out of
sight on the shimmering plain.
  To be definite as may be, and perfectly confidential, Ben-Hur
found a certain charm in Iras's presence. If she looked down upon
him from her high place, he made haste to get near her; if she spoke
to him, his heart beat out of its usual time. The desire to be
agreeable to her was a constant impulse. Objects on the way though
ever so common, became interesting the moment she called attention
to them; a black swallow in the air pursued by her pointing finger
went off in a halo; if a bit of quartz or a flake of mica was seen
to sparkle in the drab sand under kissing of the sun, at a word he
turned aside and brought it to her; and if she threw it away in
disappointment, far from thinking of the trouble he had been put to,
he was sorry it proved so worthless, and kept a look-out for something
better- a ruby, perchance a diamond. So the purple of the far
mountains became intensely deep and rich if she distinguished it
with an exclamation of praise; and when, now and then, the curtain
of the houdah fell down, it seemed a sudden dullness had dropped
from the sky, bedraggling all the landscape. Thus disposed, yielding
to the sweet influence, what shall save him from the dangers there are
in days of the close companionship with the fair Egyptian incident
to the solitary journey they were entered upon?
  For that there is no logic in love, nor the least mathematical
element, it is simply natural that she shall fashion the result who
has the wielding of the influence.
  To quicken the conclusion, there were signs, too, that she well knew
the influence she was exercising over him. From some place under
hand she had since morning drawn a caul of golden coins, and
adjusted it so the gleaming strings fell over her forehead and upon
her cheeks, blending lustrously with the flowing of her blue-black
hair. From the same safe deposit she had also produced articles of
jewelry- rings for finger and ear, bracelets, a necklace of pearls-
also, a shawl embroidered with threads of fine gold- the effect of all
which she softened with a scarf of Indian lace skilfully folded
about her throat and shoulders. And so arrayed, she plied Ben-Hur with
countless coquetries of speech and manner; showering him with
smiles; laughing in flute-like tremolo- and all the while following
him with glances, now melting-tender, now sparkling-bright. By such
play Antony was weaned from his glory; yet she who wrought his ruin
was really not half so beautiful as this her countrywoman.
  And so to them the nooning came, and the evening.
  The sun, at his going down behind a spur of the old Bashan, left the
party halted by a pool of clear water of the rains out in the
Abilene Desert. There the tent was pitched, the supper eaten, and
preparations made for the night.
  The second watch was Ben-Hur's; and he was standing spear in hand,
within arm-reach of the dozing camel, looking awhile at the stars,
then over the veiled land. The stillness was intense; only after
long spells a warm breath of wind would sough past, but without
disturbing him, for yet in thought he entertained the Egyptian,
recounting her charms, and sometimes debating how she came by his
secrets, the uses she might make of them, and the course he should
pursue with her. And through all the debate Love stood off but a
little way- a strong temptation, the stronger of a gleam of policy
behind. At the very moment he was most inclined to yield to the
allurement, a hand very fair even in the moonless gloaming was laid
softly upon his shoulder. The touch thrilled him; he started,
turned- and she was there.
  "I thought you asleep," he said, presently.
  "Sleep is for old people and little children, and I came out to look
at my friends, the stars of the south- those now holding the
curtains of midnight over the Nile. But confess yourself surprised!"
  He took the hand which had fallen from his shoulder, and said,
"Well, was it by an enemy?"
  "Oh no! To be an enemy is to hate, and hating is a sickness which
Isis will not suffer to come near me. She kissed me, you should
know, on the heart when I was a child."
  "Your speech does not sound in the least like your father's. Are you
not of his faith?"
  "I might have been"- and she laughed low- "I might have been had I
seen what he has. I may be when I get old like him. There should be no
religion for youth, only poetry and philosophy; and no poetry except
such as is the inspiration of wine and mirth and love, and no
philosophy that does not nod excuse for follies which cannot outlive a
season. My father's God is too awful for me. I failed to find him in
the Grove of Daphne. He was never heard of as present in the atria
of Rome. But, son of Hur, I have a wish."
  "A wish! Where is he who could say it no?"
  "I will try you."
  "Tell it then."
  "It is very simple. I wish to help you."
  She drew closer as she spoke.
  He laughed, and replied, lightly, "O Egypt!- I came near saying dear
Egypt!- does not the sphinx abide in your country?"
  "Well?"
  "You are one of its riddles. Be merciful, and give me a little
clue to help me understand you. In what do I need help? And how can
you help me?"
  She took her hand from him, and, turning to the camel, spoke to it
endearingly, and patted its monstrous head as it were a thing of
beauty.
  "O thou last and swiftest and stateliest of the herds of Job!
Sometimes thou, too, goest stumbling, because the way is rough and
stony and the burden grievous. How is it thou knowest the kind
intent by a word, and always makest answer gratefully, though the help
offered is from a woman? I will kiss thee, thou royal brute!"- she
stooped and touched its broad forehead with her lips, saying
immediately, "because in thy intelligence there is no suspicion!"
  And Ben-Hur, restraining himself, said calmly, "The reproach has not
failed its mark, O Egypt! I seem to say thee no; may it not be because
I am under seal of honour, and by my silence cover the lives and
fortunes of others?"
  "May be!" she said, quickly. "It is so."
  He shrank a step, and asked, his voice sharp with amazement, "What
all knowest thou?"
  She answered, after a laugh-
  "Why do men deny that the senses of women are sharper than theirs?
Your face has been under my eyes all day. I had but to look at it to
see you bore some weight in mind; and to find the weight, what had I
to do more than recall your debates with my father? Son of Hur!"-
she lowered her voice with singular dexterity, and, going nearer,
spoke so her breath was warm upon his cheek- "son of Hur! he thou
art going to find is to be King of the Jews, is he not?"
  His heart beat fast and hard.
  "A King of the Jews like Herod, only greater," she continued.
  He looked away- into the night, up to the stars; then his eyes met
hers, and lingered there; and her breath was on his lips, so near
was she.
  "Since morning," she said, further, "we have been having visions.
Now if I tell you mine, will you serve me as well? What! silent
still?"
  She pushed his hand away, and turned as if to go; but he caught her,
and said eagerly, "Stay- stay and speak!"
  She went back, and with her hand upon his shoulder, leaned against
him; and he put his arm around her, and drew her close, very close;
and in the caress was the promise she asked.
  "Speak, and tell me thy visions, O Egypt, dear Egypt! A prophet-
nay, not the Tishbite, not even the Lawgiver- could have refused an
asking of thine. I am at thy will. Be merciful- merciful, I pray."
  The entreaty passed apparently unheard, for looking up and
nestling in his embrace, she said, slowly, "The vision which
followed me was of magnificent war- war on land and sea- with clashing
of arms and rush of armies, as if Caesar and Pompey were come again,
and Octavius and Antony. A cloud of dust and ashes arose and covered
the world, and Rome was not any more; all dominion returned to the
East; out of the cloud issued another race of heroes; and there were
vaster satrapies and brighter crowns for giving away than were ever
known. And, son of Hur, while the vision was passing, and after it was
gone, I kept asking myself, 'What shall he not have who served the
King earliest and best?'"
  Again Ben-Hur recoiled. The question was the very question which had
been with him all day. Presently he fancied he had the clue he wanted.
  "So," he said, "I have you now. The satrapies and crowns are the
things to which you would help me. I see, I see! And there never was
such queen as you would be, so shrewd, so beautiful, so royal-
never! But, alas, dear Egypt! by the vision as you show it me the
prizes are all of war, and you are but a woman, though Isis did kiss
you on the heart. And crowns are starry gifts beyond your power of
help, unless, indeed, you have a way to them more certain than that of
the sword. If so, O Egypt, Egypt, show it me, and I will walk in it,
if only for your sake."
  She removed his arm, and said, "Spread your cloak upon the sand-
here, so I can rest against the camel. I will sit, and tell you a
story which came down the Nile to Alexandria, where I had it."
  He did as she said, first planting the spear in the ground near by.
  "And what shall I do?" he said, ruefully, when she was seated. "In
Alexandria is it customary for the listeners to sit or stand?"
  From the comfortable place against the old domestic she answered,
laughing, "The audiences of story-tellers are willful, and sometimes
they do as they please."
  Without more ado he stretched himself upon the sand, and put her arm
about his neck.
  "I am ready," he said.
  And directly she began-

           HOW THE BEAUTIFUL CAME TO THE EARTH.

  "You must know, in the first place, that Isis was- and, for that
matter, she may yet be- the most beautiful of deities; and, Osiris,
her husband, though wise and powerful, was sometimes stung with
jealousy of her, for only in their loves are the gods like mortals.
  "The palace of the Divine Wife was of silver, crowning the tallest
mountain in the moon, and thence she passed often to the sun, in the
heart of which, a source of eternal light, Osiris kept his palace of
gold too shining for man to look at.
  "One time- there are no days with the gods- while she was full
pleasantly with him on the roof of the golden palace, she chanced to
look, and afar, just on the line of the universe, saw Indra passing
with an army of simians, all borne upon the backs of flying eagles.
He, the Friend of Living Things- so much love is Indra called- was
returning from his final war with the hideous Rakshakas- returning
victorious; and in his suite were Rama, the hero, and Sita, his bride,
who, next to Isis herself, was the very most beautiful. And Isis
arose, and took off her girdle of stars, and waved it to Sita- to
Sita, mind you- waved it in glad salute. And instantly, between the
marching host and the two on the golden roof, a something of night
fell, and shut out the view; but it was not night- only the frown of
Osiris.
  "It happened the subject of his speech that moment was such as
none else than they could think of; and he arose, and said,
majestically, 'Get thee home. I will do the work myself. To make a
perfectly happy being I do not need thy help. Get thee gone.'
  "Now Isis had eyes large as those of the white cow which in the
temple eats sweet grasses from the hands of the faithful even while
they say their prayers; and her eyes were the colour of the cow's, and
quite as tender. And she too arose and said, smiling as she spoke,
so her look was little more than the glow of the moon in the hazy
harvest-month, 'Farewell, good my lord. You will call me presently,
I know; for without me you cannot make the perfectly happy creature of
which you were thinking, any more'- and she stopped to laugh,
knowing well the truth of the saying- 'any more, my lord, than you
yourself can be perfectly happy without me.'
  "'We will see,' he said.
  "And she went her way, and took her needles and her chair, and on
the roof of the silver palace sat watching and knitting.
  "And the will of Osiris, at labour in his mighty breast, was as
the sound of the mills of all the other gods grinding at once, so loud
that the near stars rattled like seeds in a parched pod; and some
dropped out and were lost. And while the sound kept on she waited
and knit; nor lost she ever a stitch the while.
  "Soon a spot appeared in the space over towards the sun; and it grew
until it was as great as the moon, and then she knew a world was
intended; but when, growing and growing, at last it cast her planet in
the shade, all save the little point lighted by her presence, she knew
how very angry he was; yet she knit away, assured that the end would
be as she had said.
  And so came the earth, at first but a cold grey mass hanging
listless in the hollow void. Later she saw it separate into divisions;
here a plain, there a mountain, yonder a sea, all as yet without a
sparkle. And then, by a river-bank, something moved; and she stopped
her knitting for wonder. The something arose, and lifted its hands
to the sun in sign of knowledge whence it had its being. And this
First Man was beautiful to see. And about him were the creations we
call nature- the grass, the trees, birds, beasts, even the insects and
reptiles.
  "And for a time the man went about happy in his life: it was easy to
see how happy he was. And in the lull of the sound of the labouring
will Isis heard a scornful laugh, and presently the words, blown
across from the sun:-
  "'Thy help, indeed! Behold a creature perfectly happy!'
  "And Isis fell to knitting again, for she was patient as Osiris
was strong; and if he could work, she could wait; and wait she did,
knowing that mere life is not enough to keep anything content.
  "And sure enough. Not long until the Divine Wife could see a
change in the man. He grew listless, and kept to one place prone by
the river, and looked up but seldom, and then always with a moody
face. Interest was dying in him. And when she made sure of it, even
while she was saying to herself, 'The creature is sick of his
being,' there was a roar of the creative will at work again, and in
a twinkling the earth, theretofore all a thing of coldest grey, flamed
with colours; the mountains swam in purple, the plains bearing grass
and trees turned green, the sea blue, and the clouds varied
infinitely. And the man sprang up and clapped his hands, for he was
cured and happy again.
  "And Isis smiled, and knit away, saying to herself, 'It was well
thought, and will do a little while; but mere beauty in a world is not
enough for such a being. My lord must try again.'
  "With the last word, the thunder of the will at work shook the moon,
and, looking, Isis dropped her knitting and clapped her hands; for
theretofore everything on the earth but the man bad been fixed to a
given place; now all living, and much that was not living, received
the gift of Motion. The birds took to wing joyously; beasts great
and small went about, each in its way; the trees shook their verdurous
branches, nodding to the enamoured winds; the rivers ran to the
seas, and the seas tossed in their beds and rolled in crested waves,
and with surging and ebbing painted the shores with glistening foam;
and over all the clouds floated like sailed ships unanchored.
  "And the man rose up happy as a child; whereat Osiris was pleased,
so that he shouted, Ha, ha! See how well I am doing without thee!'
  "The good wife took up her work, and answered ever so quietly, 'It
was well thought, my lord- ever so well thought- and will serve
awhile.'
  "And as before, so again. The sight of things in motion became to
the man as of course. The birds in flight, the rivers running, the
seas in tumult of action, ceased to amuse him, and he pined again even
worse.
  "And Isis waited, saying to herself, 'Poor creature! He is more
wretched than ever.'
  "And, as if he heard the thought, Osiris stirred, and the noise of
his will shook the universe; the sun in its central seat alone stood
firm. And Isis looked, but saw no change; then, while she was smiling,
assured that her lord's last invention was sped, suddenly the creature
arose, and seemed to listen; and his face brightened, and he clapped
his hands for joy, for Sounds were heard the first time on earth-
sounds dissonant, sounds harmonious. The winds murmured in the
trees; the birds sang, each kind a song of its own, or chattered in
speech; the rivulets running to the rivers became so many harpers with
harps of silver strings all tinkling together; and the rivers
running to the seas surged on in solemn accord, while the seas beat
the land to a tune of thunder. There was music, music everywhere,
and all the time; so the man could not but be happy.
  "Then Isis mused, thinking how well, how wondrous well, her lord was
doing; but presently she shook her head: Colour, Motion, Sound- and
she repeated them slowly- there was no element else of beauty except
Form and Light, and to them the earth had been born. Now, indeed,
Osiris was done; and if the creature should again fall off into
wretchedness, her help must be asked; and her fingers flew- two,
three, five, even ten stitches she took at once.
  "And the man was happy a long time- longer than ever before; it
seemed, indeed, he would never tire again. But Isis knew better; and
she waited and waited, nor minded the many laughs flung at her from
the sun; she waited and waited, and at last saw signs of the end.
Sounds became familiar to him, and in their range, from the chirruping
of the cricket under the roses to the roar of the seas and the
bellow of the clouds in storm, there was not anything unusual. And
he pined and sickened, and sought his place of moping by the river,
and at last fell down motionless.
  "Then Isis in pity spoke.
  "'My lord,' she said, 'the creature is dying.'
  "But Osiris, though seeing it all, held his peace; he could do no
more.
  "'Shall I help him?' she asked.
  "Osiris was too proud to speak.
  "Then Isis took the last stitch in her knitting, and gathering her
work in a roll of brilliance flung it off- flung it so it fell close
to the man. And he, hearing the sound of the fall so near by, looked
up, and lo! a Woman- the First Woman- was stooping to help him! She
reached a hand to him; he caught it and arose: and nevermore was
miserable, but evermore happy."

  "Such, O son of Hur! is the genesis of the beautiful, as they tell
it on the Nile."
  She paused.
  "A pretty invention, and cunning," he said, directly; "but it is
imperfect. What did Osiris afterwards?"
  "Oh yes," she replied. "He called the Divine Wife back to the sun,
and they went on all pleasantly together, each helping the other."
  "And shall I not do as the first man?"
  He carried the hand resting upon his neck to his lips. "In love-
in love!" he said.
  His head dropped softly into her lap.
  "You will find the King," she said, placing her other hand
caressingly upon his head. "You will go on and find the King and serve
him. With your sword you will earn his richest gifts; and his best
soldier will be my hero."
  He turned his face, and saw hers close above. In all the sky there
was that moment nothing so bright to him as her eyes, enshadowed
though they were. Presently he sat up, and put his arms about her, and
kissed her passionately, saying, "O Egypt, Egypt! If the King has
crowns in gift, one shall be mine; and I will bring it and put it here
over the place my lips have marked. You shall be a queen- my queen- no
one more beautiful! And we will be ever, ever so happy!"
  "And you will tell me everything, and let me help you in all?" she
said, kissing him in return.
  The question chilled his fervour.
  "Is it not enough that I love you?" he asked.
  "Perfect love means perfect faith," she replied. "But never mind-
you will know me better."
  She took her hand from him and arose.
  "You are cruel," he said.
  Moving away, she stopped by the camel, and touched its front face
with her lips.
  "O thou noblest of thy kind!- that, because there is no suspicion in
thy love."
  An instant, and she was gone.
                        CHAPTER V.
                      AT BETHABARA.

  THE third day of the journey the party nooned by the river Jabbok,
where there were a hundred or more men, mostly of Peraea, resting
themselves and their beasts. Hardly had they dismounted, before a
man came to them with a pitcher of water and a bowl, and offered
them drink; as they received the attention with much courtesy, he
said, looking at the camel, "I am returning from the Jordan, where
just now there are many people from distant parts, travelling as you
are, illustrious friend; but they had none of them the equal of your
servant here. A very noble animal. May I ask of what breed he is
sprung?"
  Balthasar answered, and sought his rest; but Ben-Hur, more
curious, took up the remark.
  "At what place on the river are the people?" he asked.
  "At Bethabara."
  "It used to be a lonesome ford," said Ben-Hur. "I cannot
understand how it can have become of such interest."
  "I see," the stranger replied; "you, too, are from abroad, and
have not heard the good tidings."
  "What tidings?"
  "Well, a man has appeared out of the wilderness- a very holy man-
with his mouth full of strange words, which take hold of all who
hear them. He calls himself John the Nazarite, son of Zacharias, and
says he is the messenger sent before the Messiah."
  Even Iras listened closely while the man continued-
  "They say of this John that he has spent his life from childhood
in a cave down by En-gedi, praying and living more strictly than the
Essenes. Crowds go to hear him preach. I went to hear him with the
rest."
  "Have all these, your friends, been there?"
  "Most of them are going; a few are coming away."
  "What does he preach?"
  "A new doctrine- one never before taught in Israel, as all say. He
calls it repentance and baptism. The rabbis do not know what to make
of him; nor do we. Some have asked him if he is the Christ, others
if he is Elias; but to them all he has the answer, 'I am the voice
of one crying in the wilderness, Make straight the way of the Lord!'"
  At this point the man was called away by his friends; as he was
going, Balthasar spoke.
  "Good stranger!" he said, tremulously, "tell us if we shall find the
preacher at the place you left him."
  "Yes, at Bethabara."
  "Who should this Nazarite be?" said Ben-Hur to Iras, "if not the
herald of our King?"
  In so short a time he had come to regard the daughter as more
interested in the mysterious personage he was looking for than the
aged father! Nevertheless, the latter with a positive glow in his
sunken eyes half arose, and said-
  "Let us make haste. I am not tired."
  They turned away to help the slave.
  There was little conversation between the three at the
stopping-place for the night west of Ramoth-Gilead.
  "Let us arise early, son of Hur," said the old man. "The Saviour may
come, and we not there."
  "The King cannot be far behind his herald," Iras whispered, as she
prepared to take her place on the camel.
  "To-morrow we will see!" Ben-Hur replied, kissing her hand.
  Next day about the third hour, out of the pass through which,
skirting the base of Mount Gilead, they had journeyed since leaving
Ramoth, the party came upon the barren steppe east of the sacred
river. Opposite them they saw the upper limit of the old palm lands of
Jericho, stretching off to the hill-country of Judea. Ben-Hur's
blood ran quickly, for he knew the ford was close at hand.
  "Content you, good Balthasar," he said; "we are almost there."
  The driver quickened the camel's pace. Soon they caught sight of
booths and tents and tethered animals; and then of the river, and a
multitude collected down close by the bank, and yet another
multitude on the western shore. Knowing that the preacher was
preaching, they made greater haste; yet, as they were drawing near,
suddenly there was a commotion in the mass, and it began to break up
and disperse.
  They were too late!
  "Let us stay here," said Ben-Hur to Balthasar, who was wringing
his hands. "The Nazarite may come this way."
  The people were too intent upon what they had heard, and too busy in
discussion, to notice the new-comers. When some hundreds were gone by,
and it seemed the opportunity to so much as see the Nazarite was
lost to the latter, up the river not far away they beheld a person
coming towards them of such singular appearance they forgot all else.
  Outwardly the man was rude and uncouth, even savage. Over a thin,
gaunt visage of the hue of brown parchment, over his shoulders and
down his back below the middle, in witch-like locks, fell a covering
of sun-scorched hair. His eyes were burning-bright. All his right side
was naked, and of the colour of his face, and quite as meagre; a shirt
of the coarsest camel's hair- coarse as Bedouin tent-cloth- clothed
the rest of his person to the knees, being gathered at the waist by
a broad girdle of untanned leather. His feet were bare. A scrip,
also of untanned leather, was fastened to the girdle. He used a
knotted staff to help him forward. His movement was quick, decided,
and strangely watchful. Every little while he tossed the unruly hair
from his eyes, and peered round as if searching for somebody.
  The fair Egyptian surveyed the son of the desert with surprise,
not to say disgust. Presently, raising the curtain of the houdah,
she spoke to Ben-Hur, who sat his horse near by.
  "Is that the herald of thy King?"
  "It is the Nazarite," he replied, without looking up.
  In truth, he was himself more than disappointed. Despite his
familiarity with the ascetic colonists in En-gedi- their dress,
their indifference to all worldly opinion, their constancy to vows
which gave them over to every imaginable suffering of body, and
separated them from others of their kind as absolutely as if they
had not been born like them- and notwithstanding he had been
notified on the way to look for a Nazarite whose simple description of
himself was a Voice from the Wilderness- still Ben-Hur's dream of
the King who was to be so great and do so much had coloured all his
thought of him, so that he never doubted to find in the forerunner
some sign or token of the goodliness and royalty he was announcing.
Gazing at the savage figure before him, the long trains of courtiers
whom he had been used to see in the thermae and imperial corridors
at Rome arose before him, forcing a comparison. Shocked, shamed,
bewildered, he could only answer-
  "It is the Nazarite."
  With Balthasar it was very different. The ways of God, he knew, were
not as men would have them. He had seen the Saviour a child in a
manger, and was prepared by his faith for the rude and simple in
connection with the Divine reappearance. So he kept his seat, his
hands crossed upon his breast, his lips moving in prayer. He was not
expecting a king.
  In this time of such interest to the new-comers, and in which they
were so differently moved, another man had been sitting by himself
on a stone at the edge of the river, thinking yet, probably, of the
sermon he had been hearing. Now, however, he arose, and walked
slowly up from the shore, in a course to take him across the line
the Nazarite was pursuing and bring him near the camel.
  And the two- the preacher and the stranger- kept on until they came,
the former within twenty yards of the animal, the latter within ten
feet. Then the preacher stopped, and flung the hair from his eyes,
looked at the stranger, threw his hands up as a signal to all the
people in sight; and they also stopped, each in the pose of a
listener; and when the hush was perfect, slowly the staff in the
Nazarite's right hand came down pointed at the stranger.
  All those who before were but listeners became watchers also.
  At the same instant, under the same impulse, Balthasar and Ben-Hur
fixed their gaze upon the man pointed out, and both took the same
impression, only in different degree. He was moving slowly towards
them in a clear space a little to their front, a form slightly above
the average in stature, and slender, even delicate. His action was
calm and deliberate, like that habitual to men much given to serious
thought upon grave subjects; and it well became his costume, which was
an under-garment full-sleeved and reaching to the ankles, and an outer
robe called the talith; on his left arm he carried the usual
handkerchief for the head, the red fillet swinging loose down his
side. Except the fillet and a narrow border of blue at the lower
edge of the talith his attire was of linen yellowed with dust and
road-stains. Possibly the exception should be extended to the tassels,
which were blue and white, as prescribed by law for rabbis. His
sandals were of the simplest kind. He was without scrip or girdle or
staff.
  These points of appearance, however, the three beholders observed
briefly, and rather as accessories to the head and face of the man,
which- especially the latter- were the real sources of the spell
they caught in common with all who stood looking at him.
  The head was open to the cloudless light, except as it was draped
with hair long and slightly waved, and parted in the middle, and
auburn in tint, with a tendency to reddish golden where most
strongly touched by the sun. Under a broad, low forehead, under
black well-arched brows, beamed eyes dark-blue and large, and softened
to exceeding tenderness by lashes of the great length sometimes seen
on children, but seldom, if ever, on men. As to the other features, it
would have been difficult to decide whether they were Greek or Jewish.
The delicacy of the nostrils and mouth was unusual to the latter type;
and when it was taken into account with the gentleness of the eyes,
the pallor of the complexion, the fine texture of the hair, and the
softness of the beard, which fell in waves over his throat to his
breast, never a soldier but would have laughed at him in encounter,
never a woman who would not have confided in him at sight, never a
child that would not, with quick instinct, have given him its hand and
whole artless trust; nor might any one have said it was not beautiful.
  The features, it should be further said, were ruled by a certain
expression which, as the viewer chose, might with equal correctness
have been called the effect of intelligence, love, pity, or sorrow;
though, in better speech, it was a blending of them all- a look easy
to fancy as the mark of a sinless soul doomed to the sight and
understanding of the utter sinfulness of those among whom it was
passing; yet withal no one could have observed the face with a thought
of weakness in the man; so, at least, would not they who know that the
qualities mentioned- love, sorrow, pity- are the results of a
consciousness of strength to bear suffering oftener than strength to
do: such has been the might of martyrs and devotees and the myriads
written down in saintly calendars. And such, indeed, was the air of
this one.
  Slowly he drew near- nearer the three.
  Now Ben-Hur, mounted and spear in hand, was an object to claim the
glance of a king; yet the eyes of the man approaching were all the
time raised above him- and not to Iras, whose loveliness has been so
often remarked, but to Balthasar, the old and unserviceable.
  The hush was profound.
  Presently the Nazarite, still pointing with his staff, cried, in a
loud voice-
  "Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world!"
  The many standing still, arrested by the action of the speaker,
and listening for what might follow, were struck with awe by words
so strange and past their understanding; upon Balthasar they were
overpowering. He was there to see once more the Redeemer of men. The
faith which had brought him the singular privileges of the time long
gone abode yet in his heart; and if now it gave him a power of
vision above that of his fellows- a power to see and know him for whom
he was looking- better than calling the power a miracle, let it be
thought of as the faculty of a soul not yet entirely released from the
divine relations to which it had been formerly admitted, or as the
fitting reward of a life in that age so without examples of holiness-
a life itself a miracle. The ideal of his faith was before him,
perfect in face, form, dress, action, age; and he was in its view, and
the view was recognition. Ah, now if something should happen to
identify the stranger beyond all doubt!
  And that was what did happen.
  Exactly at the fitting moment, as if to assure the trembling
Egyptian, the Nazarite repeated the outcry-
  "Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world!"
  Balthasar fell upon his knees. For him there was no need of
explanation; and as if the Nazarite knew it, he turned to those more
immediately about him staring in wonder, and continued-
  "This is he of whom I said, After me cometh a man which is preferred
before me; for he was before me. And I knew him not: but that he
should be manifest to Israel, therefore am I come baptizing with
water. I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and it,
abode upon him. And I knew him not: but he that sent me to baptize
with water, the same said unto me, Upon whom thou shalt see the Spirit
descending and remaining on him, the same is he which batizeth with
the Holy Ghost. And I saw and bare record, that this"- he paused,
his staff still pointing at the stranger in the white garments, as
if to give a more absolute certainty to both his words and the
conclusions intended- "I bare record, that this is the SON OF GOD!"
  "It is he, it is he!" Balthasar cried, with upraised tearful eyes.
Next moment he sank down insensible.
  In this time it should be remembered, Ben-Hur was studying the
face of the stranger, though with an interest entirely different. He
was not insensible to its purity of feature, and its thoughtfulness,
tenderness, humility, and holiness; but just then there was room in
his mind for but one thought- Who is this man? And what? Messiah or
king? Never was apparition more unroyal. Nay, looking at that calm,
benignant countenance, the very idea of war and conquest, and lust
of dominion, smote him like a profanation. He said, as if speaking
to his own heart, Balthasar must be right and Simonides wrong. This
man has not come to rebuild the throne of Solomon; he has neither
the nature nor the genius of Herod; king he may be, but not of another
and greater than Rome.
  It should be understood now that this was not a conclusion with
Ben-Hur, but an impression merely; and while it was forming, while yet
he gazed at the wonderful countenance, his memory began to throe and
struggle. "Surely," he said to himself, "I have seen the man; but
where and when?" That the look, so calm, so pitiful, so loving, had
somewhere in a past time beamed upon him as that moment it was beaming
upon Balthasar became an assurance. Faintly at first, at last a
clear light, a burst of sunshine, the scene by the well at Nazareth
that time the Roman guard was dragging him to the galleys returned,
and all his being thrilled. Those hands had helped him when he was
perishing. The face was one of the pictures he had carried in mind
ever since. In the effusion of feeling excited, the explanation of the
preacher was lost by him, all but the last words- words so
marvellous that the world yet rings with them-
  " -this is the SON OF GOD!"
  Ben-Hur leaped from his horse to render homage to his benefactor;
but Iras cried to him, "Help, son of Hur, help, or my father will
die!"
  He stopped, looked back, then hurried to her assistance. She gave
him a cup; and leaving the slave to bring the camel to its knees, he
ran to the river for water. The stranger was gone when he came back.
  At last Balthasar was restored to consciousness. Stretching forth
his hands, he asked, feebly, "Where is he?"
  "Who?" asked Iras.
  An intense instant interest shone upon the good man's face, as if
a last wish had been gratified, and he answered-
  "He- the Redeemer- the Son of God, whom I have seen again."
  "Believest thou so?" Iras asked, in a low voice, of Ben-Hur.
  "The time is full of wonders; let us wait," was all he said.
  And next day, while the three were listening to him, the Nazarite
broke off in mid-speech, saying reverently, "Behold the Lamb of God!"
  Looking to where he pointed, they beheld the stranger again. As
Ben-Hur surveyed the slender figure, and holy, beautiful countenance
compassionate to sadness, a new idea broke upon him.
  "Balthasar is right- so is Simonides. May not the Redeemer be a king
also?"
  And he asked one at his side, "Who is the man walking yonder?"
  The other laughed mockingly, and replied-
  "He is the son of a carpenter over in Nazareth."
                       BOOK EIGHTH.

          "Who could resist? Who in this universe?
           She did so breathe ambrosia, so immerse
           My fine existence in a golden clime.
           She took me like a child of suckling-time,
           And cradled me in roses. Thus condemn'd,
           The current of my former life was stemm'd,
           And to this arbitrary queen of sense
           I bow'd a tranced vassal."       -KEATS, Endymion.

            "I am the resurrection and the life."

                        CHAPTER I.
                GUESTS IN THE HOUSE OF HUR.

  ESTHER- Esther! Speak to the servant below that he may bring me a
cup of water."
  "Would you not rather have wine, father?"
  "Let him bring both."
  This was in the summer-house upon the roof of the old palace of
the Hurs in Jerusalem. From the parapet overlooking the courtyard
Esther called to a man in waiting there; at the same moment another
man-servant came up the steps and saluted respectfully.
  "A package for the master," he said, giving her a letter enclosed in
linen cloth, tied and sealed.
  For the satisfaction of the reader, we stop to say that it is the
twenty-first day of March, nearly three years after the annunciation
of the Christ at Bethabara.
  In the meanwhile, Malluch, acting for Ben-Hur, who could not
longer endure the emptiness and decay of his father's house, had
bought it from Pontius Pilate; and, in process of repair, gates,
courts, lewens, stairways, terraces, rooms, and roof had been cleansed
and thoroughly restored; not only was there no reminder left of the
tragic circumstances so ruinous to the family, but the refurnishment
was in a style richer than before. At every point, indeed, a visitor
was met by evidences of the higher tastes acquired by the young
proprietor during his years of residence in the villa by Misenum and
in the Roman capital.
  Now it should not be inferred from this explanation that Ben-Hur had
publicly assumed ownership of the property. In his opinion, the hour
for that was not yet come. Neither had he yet taken his proper name.
Passing the time in the labours of preparation in Galilee, he waited
patiently the action of the Nazarene, who became daily more and more a
mystery to him, and by prodigies done, often before his eyes, kept him
in a state of anxious doubt both as to his character and mission.
Occasionally he came up to the Holy City, stopping at the paternal
house; always, however, as a stranger and a guest.
  The visits of Ben-Hur, it should also be observed, were for more
than mere rest from labour. Balthasar and Iras made their home in
the palace; and the charm of the daughter was still upon him with
all its original freshness, while the father, though feebler in
body, held him an unflagging listener to speeches of astonishing
power, urging the divinity of the wandering miracle-worker of whom
they were all so expectant.
  As to Simonides and Esther, they had arrived from Antioch, only a
few days before this their reappearance- a wearisome journey to the
merchant, borne, as he had been, in a palanquin swung between two
camels, which, in their careening, did not always keep the same
step. But now that he was come, the good man, it seemed, could not see
enough of his native land. He delighted in the perch upon the roof,
and spent most of his day hours there seated in an arm-chair, the
duplicate of that one kept for him in the cabinet over the store-house
by the Orontes. In the shade of the summer-house he could drink
fully of the inspiring air lying lightly upon the familiar hills; he
could better watch the sun rise, run its course, and set as it, used
to in the far-gone, not a habit lost; and with Esther by him it was so
much easier, up there close to the sky, to bring back the other
Esther, his love in youth, his wife, dearer growing with the passage
of years. And yet he was not unmindful of business. Every day a
messenger brought him a despatch from Sanballat, in charge of the
big commerce behind; and every day a despatch left him for Sanballat
with directions of such minuteness of detail as to exclude all
judgment save his own, and all chances except those the Almighty has
refused to submit to the most mindful of men.
  As Esther started in return to the summer-house, the sunlight fell
softly upon the dustless roof, showing her a woman now- small,
graceful in form, of regular features, rosy with youth and health,
bright with intelligence, beautiful with the outshining of a devoted
nature- a woman to be loved because loving was a habit of life
irrepressible with her.
  She looked at the package as she turned, paused, looked at it a
second time more closely than at first; and the blood rose reddening
her cheeks- the seal was Ben-Hur's. With quickened steps she
hastened on.
  Simonides held the package a moment while he also inspected the
seal. Breaking it open, he gave her the roll it contained.
  "Read," he said.
  His eyes were upon her as he spoke, and instantly a troubled
expression fell upon his own face.
  "You know who it is from, I see, Esther."
  "Yes- from- our master."
  Though the manner was halting, she met his gaze with modest
sincerity. Slowly his chin sank into the roll of flesh puffed out
under it like a cushion.
  "You love him, Esther?" he said, quietly.
  "Yes," she answered.
  "Have you thought well of what you do?"
  "I have tried not to think of him, father, except as the master to
whom I am dutifully bound. The effort has not helped me to strength."
  "A good girl, a good girl, even as thy mother was," he said,
dropping into reverie, from which she roused him by unrolling the
paper.
  "The Lord forgive me, but- but thy love might not have been vainly
given had I kept fast hold of all I had, as I might have done- such
power is there in money!"
  "It would have been worse for me had you done so, father; for then I
had been unworthy a look from him, and without pride in you. Shall I
not read now?"
  "In a moment," he said. "Let me, for your sake, my child, show you
the worst. Seeing it with me may make it less terrible to you. His
love, Esther, is all bestowed."
  "I know it," she said, calmly.
  "The Egyptian has him in her net," he continued. "She has the
cunning of her race, with beauty to help her- much beauty, great
cunning; but, like her race again, no heart. The daughter who despises
her father will bring her husband to grief."
  "Does she that?"
  Simonides went on-
  "Balthasar is a wise man who has been wonderfully favoured for a
Gentile, and his faith becomes him; yet she makes a jest of it. I
heard her say, speaking of him yesterday, 'The follies of youth are
excusable; nothing is admirable in the aged except wisdom, and when
that goes from them, they should die.' A cruel speech, fit for a
Roman. I applied it to myself, knowing a feebleness like her
father's will come to me also- nay, it is not far off. But you,
Esther, will never say of me- no, never- 'It were better he were
dead.' No, your mother was a daughter of Judah."
  With half-formed tears she kissed him, and said, "I am my mother's
child."
  "Yes, and my daughter- my daughter, who is to me all the Temple
was to Solomon."
  After a silence, he laid his hand upon her shoulder, and resumed-
"When he has taken the Egyptian to wife, Esther, he will think of
you with repentance and much calling of the spirit; for at last he
will awake to find himself but the minister of her bad ambition.
Rome is the centre of all her dreams. To her he is the son of Arrius
the duumvir, not the son of Hur, Prince of Jerusalem."
  Esther made no attempt to conceal the effect of these words.
  "Save him, father! It is not too late!" she said, entreatingly.
  He answered, with a dubious smile, "A man drowning may be saved; not
so a man in love."
  "But you have influence with him. He is alone in the world. Show him
his danger. Tell him what a woman she is."
  "That might save him from her. Would it give him to you, Esther?
No," and his brows fell darkly over his eyes. "I am a servant, as my
fathers were for generations; yet I could not say to him, 'Lo, master,
my daughter! She is fairer than the Egyptian, and loves thee
better.' I have caught too much from years of liberty and direction.
The words would blister my tongue. The stones upon the old hills
yonder would turn in their beds for shame when I go out to them. No,
by the patriarchs, Esther, I would rather lay us both with your mother
to sleep as she sleeps!"
  A blush burned Esther's whole face.
  "I did not mean you to tell him so, father. I was concerned for
him alone- for his happiness, not mine. Because I have dared love him,
I shall keep myself worthy his respect; so only can I excuse my folly.
Let me read his letter now."
  "Yes, read it."
  She began at once, in haste to conclude the distasteful subject.

                                                    "Nisan 8th day.
  "On the road from Galilee to Jerusalem.
  "The Nazarene is on the way also. With him, though without his
knowledge, I am bringing a full legion of mine. A second legion
follows. The Passover will excuse the multitude. He said upon
setting out, 'We will go up to Jerusalem, and all things that are
written by the prophets concerning me shall be accomplished.'
  "Our waiting draws to an end.
  "In haste.
  "Peace to thee, Simonides. "BEN-HUR."

  Esther returned the letter to her father, while a choking
sensation gathered in her throat. There was not a word in the
missive for her- not even in the salutation had she a share- and it
would have been so easy to have written "and to thine, peace." For the
first time in her life she felt the smart of a jealous sting.
  "The eighth day," said Simonides, "the eighth day; and this, Esther,
this is the- "
  "The ninth," she replied.
  "Ah, then, they may be in Bethany now."
  "And possibly we may see him to-night," she added, pleased into
momentary forgetfulness.
  "It may be, it may be! To-morrow is the Feast of Unleavened Bread,
and he may wish to celebrate it; so may the Nazarene; and we may see
him- we may see both of them, Esther."
  At this point the servant appeared with the wine and water. Esther
helped her father, and in the midst of the service Iras came upon
the roof.
  To the Jewess the Egyptian never appeared so very, very beautiful as
at that moment. Her gauzy garments fluttered about her like a little
cloud of mist; her forehead, neck, and arms glittered with the massive
jewelry so affected by her people. Her countenance was suffused with
pleasure. She moved with buoyant steps, and self-conscious, though
without affectation. Esther at the sight shrank within herself, and
nestled closer to her father.
  "Peace to you, Simonides, and to the pretty Esther peace," said
Iras, inclining her head to the latter. "You remind me, good master-
if I may say it without offence- you remind me of the priests in
Persia who climb their temples at the decline of day to send prayers
after the departing sun. Is there anything in the worship you do not
know, let me call my father. He is Magian-bred."
  "Fair Egyptian," the merchant replied, nodding with grave
politeness, "your father is a good man who would not be offended if he
knew I told you his Persian lore is the least part of his wisdom."
  Iras's lip curled slightly.
  "To speak like a philosopher, as you invite me," she said, "the
least part always implies a greater. Let me ask what you esteem the
greater part of the rare quality you are pleased to attribute to him."
  Simonides turned upon her somewhat sternly.
  "Pure wisdom always directs itself towards God; the purest wisdom is
knowledge of God; and no man of my acquaintance has it in higher
degree, or makes it more manifest in speech and act, than the good
Balthasar."
  To end the parley, he raised the cup and drank.
  The Egyptian turned to Esther a little testily.
  "A man who has millions in store, and fleets of ships at sea, cannot
discern in what simple women like us find amusement. Let us leave him.
By the wall yonder we can talk."
  They went to the parapet then, stopping at the place where, years
before, Ben-Hur loosed the broken tile upon the head of Gratus.
  "You have not been to Rome?" Iras began, toying the while with one
of her unclasped bracelets.
  "No," said Esther, demurely.
  "Have you not wished to go?"
  "No."
  "Ah, how little there has been of your life!"
  The sigh that succeeded the exclamation could not have been more
piteously expressive had the loss been the Egyptian's own. Next moment
her laugh might have been heard in the street below; and she said,
"Oh, oh, my pretty simpleton! The half-fledged birds nested in the ear
of the great bust on the Memphian sands know nearly as much as you."
  Then, seeing Esther's confusion, she changed her manner, and said,
in a confiding tone, "You must not take offence. Oh, no! I was
playing. Let me kiss the hurt, and tell you what I would not to any
other- not if Simbel himself asked it of me, offering a lotus-cup of
the spray of the Nile!"
  Another laugh, masking excellently the look she turned sharply
upon the Jewess, and she said, "The King is coming."
  Esther gazed at her in innocent surprise.
  "The Nazarene," Iras continued- "he whom our fathers have been
talking about so much, whom Ben-Hur has been serving and toiling for
so long"- her voice dropped several tones lower- "the Nazarene will be
here to-morrow, and Ben-Hur to-night."
  Esther struggled to maintain her composure, but failed; her eyes
fell, the tale-tell blood surged to her cheek and forehead, and she
was saved sight of the triumphant smile that passed, like a gleam,
over the face of the Egyptian.
  "See, here is his promise."
  And from her girdle she took a roll.
  "Rejoice with me, O my friend! He will be here to-night! On the
Tiber there is a house, a royal property, which he has pledged to
me; and to be its mistress is to be- "
  A sound of someone walking swiftly along the street below
interrupted the speech, and she leaned over the parapet to see. Then
she drew back, and cried, with hands-clasped above her head, "Now
blessed be Isis! 'Tis he- Ben-Hur himself! That he should appear while
I had such thought of him! There are no gods if it be not a good omen.
Put your arms about me, Esther- and a kiss!"
  The Jewess looked up. Upon each cheek there was a glow; her eyes
sparkled with a light more nearly of anger than ever her nature
emitted before. Her gentleness had been too roughly overridden. It was
not enough for her to be forbidden more than fugitive dreams of the
man she loved; a boastful rival must tell her in confidence of her
better success, and of the brilliant promises which were its
rewards. Of her, the servant of a servant, there had been no hint of
remembrance; this other could show his letter, leaving her to
imagine all it breathed. So she said-
  "Dost thou love him so much then, or Rome so much better?"
  The Egyptian drew back a step; then she bent her haughty head
quite near her questioner.
  "What is he to thee, daughter of Simonides?"
  Esther, all thrilling, began, "He is my- "
  A thought blasting as lightning stayed the words: she paled,
trembled, recovered, and answered-
  "He is my father's friend."
  Her tongue had refused to admit her servile condition.
  Iras laughed more lightly than before.
  "Not more than that?" she said. "Ah, by the lover-gods of Egypt,
thou mayst keep thy kisses- keep them. Thou hast taught me but now
that there are others vastly more estimable waiting me here in
Judea; and"- she turned away, looking back over her shoulder- "I
will go get them. Peace to thee."
  Esther saw her disappear down the steps, when, putting her hands
over her face, she burst into tears so they ran scalding through her
fingers- tears of shame and choking passion. And, to deepen the
paroxysm to her even temper so strange, up with a new meaning of
withering force rose her father's words- "Thy love might not have been
vainly given had I kept fast hold of all I had, as I might have done."
  And all the stars were out, burning low above the city and the
dark wall of mountains about it, before she recovered enough to go
back to the summer-house, and in silence take her accustomed place
at her father's side, humbly waiting his pleasure. To such duty it
seemed her youth, if not her life, must be given. And, let the truth
be said, now that the pang was spent, she went not unwillingly back to
the duty.
                        CHAPTER II.
               BEN-HUR TELLS OF THE NAZARENE.

  AN hour or thereabouts after the scene upon the roof, Balthasar
and Simonides, the latter attended by Esther, met in the great chamber
of the palace; and while they were talking, Ben-Hur and Iras came in
together.
  The young Jew, advancing in front of his companion, walked first
to Balthasar, and saluted him, and received his reply; then he
turned to Simonides, but paused at sight of Esther.
  It is not often we have hearts roomy enough for more than one of the
absorbing passions at the same time; in its blaze the others may
continue to live, but only as lesser lights. So with Ben-Hur, much
study of possibilities, indulgence of hopes and dreams, influences
born of the condition of his country, influences more direct- that
of Iras for example- had made him in the broadest worldly sense
ambitious; and as he had given the passion place, allowing it to
become a rule, and finally an imperious governor, the resolves and
impulses of former days faded imperceptibly out of being, and at
last almost out of recollection. It is at best so easy to forget our
youth; in his case it was but natural that his own sufferings and
the mystery darkening the fate of his family should move him less
and less as, in hope at least, he approached nearer and nearer the
goals which occupied all his visions. Only let us not judge him too
harshly.
  He paused in surprise at seeing Esther a woman now, and so
beautiful; and as he stood looking at her a still voice reminded him
of broken vows and duties undone: almost his old self returned.
  For an instant he was startled; but recovering, he went to Esther,
and said, "Peace to thee, sweet Esther- peace; and thou, Simonides"-
he looked to the merchant as he spoke- "the blessing of the Lord be
thine, if only because thou hast been a good father to the
fatherless."
  Esther heard him with downcast face; Simonides answered-
  "I repeat the welcome of the good Balthasar, son of Hur- welcome
to thy father's house; and sit, and tell us of thy travels, and of thy
work, and of the wonderful Nazarene- who he is, and what. If thou
art not at ease here, who shall be? Sit, I pray- there, between us,
that we may all hear."
  Esther stepped out quickly and brought a covered stool, and set it
for him.
  "Thanks," he said to her, gratefully.
  When seated, after some other conversation he addressed himself to
the men.
  "I have come to tell you of the Nazarene."
  The two became instantly attentive.
  "For many days now I have followed him with such watchfulness as one
may give another upon whom he is waiting so anxiously. I have seen him
under all circumstances said to be trials and tests of men; and
while I am certain he is a man as I am, not less certain am I that
he is something more."
  "What more?" asked Simonides.
  "I will tell you- "
  Some one coming into the room interrupted him; he turned, and
arose with extended hands.
  "Amrah! Dear old Amrah!" he cried.
  She came forward; and they, seeing the joy in her face, thought
not once how wrinkled and tawny it was. She knelt at his feet, clasped
his knees, and kissed his hands over and over; and when he could he
put the lank grey hair from her cheeks, and kissed them, saying, "Good
Amrah, have you nothing, nothing of them- not a word- not one little
sign?"
  Then she broke into sobbing which made him answer plainer ever
than the spoken word.
  "God's will has been done," he next said, solemnly, in a tone to
make each listener know he had no hope more of finding his people.
In his eyes there were tears which he would not have them see, because
he was a man.
  When he could again, he took seat, and said, "Come, sit by me,
Amrah- here. No? then at my feet; for I have much to say to these good
friends of a wonderful man come into the world."
  But she went off, and stooping with her back to the wall, joined her
hands before her knees, content, they all thought, with seeing him.
Then Ben-Hur, bowing to the old men, began again-
  "I fear to answer the question asked me about the Nazarene without
first telling you some of the things I have seen him do; and to that I
am the more inclined, my friends, because to-morrow he will come to
the city, and go up into the Temple, which he calls his father's
house, where, it is further said, he will proclaim himself. So,
whether you are right, O Balthasar, or you, Simonides, we and Israel
shall know to-morrow."
  Balthasar rubbed his hands tremulously together, and asked, "Where
shall I go to see him?"
  "The pressure of the crowd will be very great. Better, I think, that
you all go upon the roof above the cloisters- say upon the Porch of
Solomon."
  "Can you be with us?"
  "No," said Ben-Hur, "my friends will require me, perhaps, in the
procession."
  "Procession!" exclaimed Simonides. "Does he travel in state?"
  Ben-Hur saw the argument in mind.
  "He brings twelve men with him, fishermen, tillers of the soil,
one a publican, all of the humbler class; and he and they make their
journeys on foot, careless of wind, cold, rain, or sun. Seeing them
stop by the wayside at nightfall to break bread or lie down to
sleep, I have been reminded of a party of shepherds going back to
their flocks from market, not of nobles and kings. Only when he
lifts the corners of his handkerchief to look at some' one or shake
the dust from his head, I am made known he is their teacher as well as
their companion- their superior not less than their friend.
  "You are shrewd men," Ben-Hur resumed, after a pause. "You know what
creatures of certain master motives we are, and that it has become
little less than a law of our nature to spend life in eager pursuit of
certain objects; now appealing to that law as something by which we
may know ourselves, what would you say of a man who could be rich by
making gold of the stones under his feet, yet is poor of choice?"
  "The Greeks would call him a philosopher," said Iras.
  "Nay, daughter," said Balthasar, "the philosophers had never the
power to do such thing."
  "How know you this man has?"
  Ben-Hur answered quickly, "I saw him turn water into wine."
  "Very strange, very strange," said Simonides; "but it is not so
strange to me as that he should prefer to live poor when he could be
so rich. Is he poor?"
 "He owns nothing, and envies nobody his owning. He pities the rich.
But passing that, what would you say to see a man multiply seven
loaves and two fishes, all his store, into enough to feed five
thousand people, and have full baskets over? That I saw the Nazarene
do."
  "You saw it?" exclaimed Simonides.
  "Ay, and ate of the bread and fish."
  "More marvellous still," Ben-Hur continued, "what would you say of a
man in whom there is such healing virtue that the sick have but to
touch the hem of his garment to be cured, or cry to him afar? That,
too, I witnessed, not once, but many times. As we came out of
Jericho two blind men by the wayside called to the Nazarene, and he
touched their eyes, and they saw. So they brought a palsied man to
him, and he said merely, 'Go unto thy house,' and the man went away
well. What say you to these things?"
  The merchant had no answer.
  "Think you now, as I have heard others argue, that what I have
told you are tricks of jugglery? Let me answer by recalling greater
things which I have seen him do. Look first to that curse of God-
comfortless, as you all know, except by death- leprosy."
  At these words Amrah dropped her hands to the floor, and in her
eagerness to hear him half arose.
  "What would you say," said Ben-Hur, with increased earnestness-
"what would you say to have seen that I now tell you? A leper came
to the Nazarene while I was with him down in Galilee, and said, 'Lord,
if thou wilt, thou canst make me clean.' He heard the cry, and touched
the outcast with his hand, saying, 'Be thou clean;' and forthwith
the man was himself again, healthful as any of us who beheld the cure,
and we were a multitude."
  Here Amrah arose, and with her gaunt fingers held the wiry locks
from her eyes. The brain of the poor creature had long since gone to
heart, and she was troubled to follow the speech.
  "Then, again," said Ben-Hur, without stop, "ten lepers came to him
one day in a body, and falling at his feet, called out- I saw and
heard it all- called out, 'Master, Master, have mercy upon us!' He
told them, 'Go, show yourselves to the priest, as the law requires;
and before you are come there ye shall be healed.'"
  "And were they?"
  "Yes. On the road going their infirmity left them, so that there was
nothing to remind us of it except their polluted clothes."
  "Such thing was never heard before- never in all Israel!" said
Simonides, in undertone.
  And then, while he was speaking, Amrah turned away, and walked
noiselessly to the door, and went out; and none of the company saw her
go.
  "The thoughts stirred by such things done under my eyes I leave
you to imagine," said Ben-Hur, continuing; "but my doubts, my
misgivings, my amazement, were not yet at the full. The people of
Galilee are, as you know, impetuous and rash; after years of waiting
their swords burned their hands; nothing would do them but action. 'He
is slow to declare himself; let us force him,' they cried to me. And I
too became impatient. If he is to be king, why not now? The legions
are ready. So as he was once teaching by the seaside we would have
crowned him whether or not; but he disappeared, and was next seen on a
ship departing from the shore. Good Simonides, the desires that make
other men mad- riches, power, even kingships offered out of great love
by a great people- move this one not at all. What say you?"
  The merchant's chin was low upon his breast; raising his head, he
replied, resolutely, "The Lord liveth, and so do the words of the
prophets. Time is in the green yet; let to-morrow answer."
  "Be it so," said Balthasar, smiling.
  And Ben-Hur said, "Be it so." Then he went on- "But I have not yet
done. From these things, not too great to be above suspicion by such
as did not see them in performance as I did, let me carry you now to
others infinitely greater, acknowledged since the world began to be
past the power of man. Tell me, has any one to your knowledge ever
reached out and taken from Death what Death has made his own? Who ever
gave again the breath of a life lost? Who but- "
  "God!" said Balthasar, reverently.
  Ben-Hur bowed.
  "O wise Egyptian! I may not refuse the name you lend me. What
would you- or you, Simonides- what would you either or both have
said had you seen as I did, a man, with few words and no ceremony,
without effort more than a mother's when she speaks to wake her
child asleep, undo the work of Death? It was down at Nain. We were
about going into the gate, when a company came out bearing a dead man.
The Nazarene stopped to let the train pass. There was a woman among
them crying. I saw his face soften with pity. He spoke to her, then
went and touched the bier, and said to him who lay upon it dressed for
burial, 'Young man, I say unto thee, Arise!' And instantly the dead
sat up and talked."
  "God only is so great," said Balthasar to Simonides.
  "Mark you," Ben-Hur proceeded, "I do but tell you things of which
I was a witness, together with a cloud of other men. On the way hither
I saw another act still more mighty. In Bethany there was a man
named Lazarus, who died and was buried; and after he had lain four
days in a tomb, shut in by a great stone, the Nazarene was shown to
the place. Upon rolling the stone away, we beheld the man lying inside
bound and rotting. There were many people standing by, and we all
heard what the Nazarene said, for he spoke in a loud voice,
'Lazarus, come forth!' I cannot tell you my feelings when in answer,
as it were, the man arose and came out to us with all his cerements
about him. 'Loose him,' said the Nazarene next, 'loose him, and let
him go.' And when the napkin was taken from the face of the
resurrected, lo, my friends! the blood ran anew through the wasted
body, and he was exactly as he had been in life before the sickness
that took him off. He lives yet, and is hourly seen and spoken to. You
may go see him to-morrow. And now, as nothing more is needed for the
purpose, I ask you that which I came to ask, it being but a repetition
of what you asked me O Simonides, What more than a man is this
Nazarene?"
  The question was put solemnly, and long after midnight the company
sat and debated it; Simonides being yet unwilling to give up his
understanding of the sayings of the prophets, and Ben-Hur contending
that the elder disputants were both right- that the Nazarene was the
Redeemer, as claimed by Balthasar, and also the destined king the
merchant would have.
  "To-morrow we will see. Peace to you all."
  So saying, Ben-Hur took his leave, intending to return to Bethany.
                        CHAPTER III.
               THE LEPERS LEAVE THEIR TOMB.

  THE first person to go out of the city upon the opening of the
Sheep's Gate next morning was Amrah, basket on arm. No questions
were asked her by the keepers, since the morning itself had not been
more regular in coming than she; they knew her somebody's faithful
servant, and that was enough for them.
  Down the eastern valley she took her way. The side of Olivet, darkly
green, was spotted with white tents recently put up by people
attending the feasts; the hour, however, was too early for the
strangers to be abroad; still, had it not been so, no one would have
troubled her. Past Gethsemane; past the tombs at the meeting of the
Bethany roads; past the sepuchral village of Siloam she went.
Occasionally the decrepit little body staggered; once she sat down
to get her breath; rising shortly, she struggled on with renewed
haste. The great rocks on either hand, if they had had ears, might
have heard her mutter to herself; could they have seen, it would
have been to observe how frequently she looked up over the Mount,
reproving the dawn for its promptness; if it had been possible for
them to gossip, not improbably they would have said to each other,
"Our friend is in a hurry this morning; the mouths she goes to feed
must be very hungry."
  When at last she reached the King's Garden she slackened her gait;
for then the grim city of the lepers was in view, extending far
round the pitted south hill of Hinnom.
  As the reader must by this time have surmised, she was going to
her mistress, whose tomb, it will be remembered, overlooked the well
En-rogel.
  Early as it was, the unhappy woman was up and sitting outside,
leaving Tirzah asleep within. The course of the malady had been
terribly swift in the three years. Conscious of her appearance, with
the refined instincts of her nature, she kept her whole person
habitually covered. Seldom as possible she permitted even Tirzah to
see her.
  This morning she was taking the air with bared head, knowing there
was no one to be shocked by the exposure. The light was not full,
but enough to show the ravages to which she had been subject. Her hair
was snow-white and unmanageably coarse, falling over her back and
shoulders like so much silver wire. The eyelids, the lips, the
nostrils, the flesh of the cheeks, were either gone or reduced to
fetid rawness. The neck was a mass of ash-coloured scales. One hand
lay outside the folds of her habit rigid as that of a skeleton; the
nails had been eaten away; the joints of the fingers, if not bare to
the bone, were swollen knots crusted with red secretion. Head, face,
neck, and hand indicated all too plainly the condition of the whole
body. Seeing her thus, it was easy to understand how the once fair
widow of the princely Hur had been able to maintain her incognito so
well through such a period of years.
  When the sun would gild the crest of Olivet and the Mount of Offence
with light sharper and more brilliant in that old land than in the
West, she knew Amrah would come, first to the well, then to a stone
midway the well and the foot of the hill on which she had her abode,
and that the good servant would there deposit the food she carried
in the basket, and fill the water-jar afresh for the day. Of her
former plentitude of happiness, that brief visit was all that remained
to the unfortunate. She could then ask about her son, and be told of
his welfare, with such bits of news concerning him as the messenger
could glean. Usually the information was meagre enough, yet
comforting; at times she heard he was at home; then she would issue
from her dreary cell at break of day, and sit till noon, and from noon
to set of sun, a motionless figure draped in white, looking,
statue-like, invariably to one point- over the Temple to the spot
under the rounded sky where the old house stood, dear in memory, and
dearer because he was there. Nothing else was left her. Tirzah she
counted of the dead; and as for herself, she simply waited the end,
knowing every hour of life was an hour of dying- happily, of
painless dying.
  The things of nature about the hill to keep her sensitive to the
world's attractions were wretchedly scant; beasts and birds avoided
the place as if they knew its history and present use; every green
thing perished in its first season; the winds warred upon the shrubs
and venturous grasses, leaving to drought such as they could not
uproot. Look where she would, the view was made depressingly
suggestive by tombs- tombs above her, tombs below, tombs opposite
her own tomb- all now freshly whitened in warning to visiting
pilgrims. In the sky- clear, fair, inviting- one would think she might
have found some relief to her ache of mind; but, alas! in making the
beautiful elsewhere the sun served her never so unfriendly- it did but
disclose her growing hideousness. But for the sun she would not have
been the horror she was to herself, nor been waked so cruelly from
dreams of Tirzah as she used to be. The gift of seeing can be
sometimes a dreadful curse.
  Does one ask why she did not make an end to her sufferings?
  The Law forbade her!
  A Gentile may smile at the answer; but so will not a son of Israel.
  While she sat there peopling the dusky solitude with thoughts even
more cheerless, suddenly a woman came up the hill staggering and spent
with exertion.
  The widow arose hastily, and covering her head, cried, in a voice
unnaturally harsh, "Unclean, unclean!"
  In a moment, heedless of the notice, Amrah was at her feet. All
the long-pent love of the simple creature burst forth: with tears
and passionate exclamations she kissed her mistress's garments, and
for a while the latter strove to escape from her; then, seeing she
could not, she waited till the violence of the paroxysm was over.
  "What have you done, Amrah?" she said. "Is it by such disobedience
you prove your love for us? Wicked woman! You are lost; and he- your
master- you can never, never go back to him."
  Amrah grovelled sobbing in the dust.
  "The ban of the Law is upon you, too; you cannot return to
Jerusalem. What will become of us? Who will bring us bread? O
wicked, wicked Amrah! We are all, all undone alike!"
  "Mercy, mercy!" Amrah answered from the ground.
  "You should have been merciful to yourself, and by so doing been
most merciful to us. Now where can we fly? There is no one to help us.
O false servant! The wrath of the Lord was already too heavy upon us."
  Here Tirzah, awakened by the noise, appeared at the door of the
tomb. The pen shrinks from the picture she presented. In the half-clad
apparition, patched with scales, lividly seamed, nearly blind, its
limbs and extremities swollen to grotesque largeness, familiar eyes
however sharpened by love could not have recognized the creature of
grace and purity we first beheld her.
  "Is it Amrah, mother?"
  The servant tried to crawl to her also.
  "Stay, Amrah!' the widow cried, imperiously. "I forbid you
touching her. Rise, and get you gone before any at the well see you
here. Nay, I forgot- it is too late! You must remain now and share our
doom. Rise, I say!"
  Amrah rose to her knees, and said, brokenly and with clasped
hands, "O good mistress! I am not false- I am not wicked. I bring
you good tidings."
  "Of Judah?" and as she spoke, the widow half withdrew the cloth from
her head.
  "There is a wonderful man," Amrah continued, "who has power to
cure you. He speaks a word, and the sick are made well, and even the
dead come to life. I have come to take you to him."
  "Poor Amrah!" said Tirzah, compassionately.
  "No," cried Amrah, detecting the doubt underlying the expression-
"no, as the Lord lives, even the Lord of Israel, my God as well as
yours, I speak the truth. Go with me, I pray, and lose no time. This
morning he will pass by on his way to the city. See! the day is at
hand. Take the food here- eat, and let us go."
  The mother listened eagerly. Not unlikely she had heard of the
wonderful man, for by this time his fame had penetrated every nook
in the land.
  "Who is he?" she asked.
  "A Nazarene."
  "Who told you about him?"
  "Judah."
  "Judah told you? Is he at home?"
  "He came last night."
  The widow, trying to still the beating of her heart, was silent
awhile.
  "Did Judah send you to tell us this?" she next asked.
  "No. He believes you dead."
  "There was a prophet once who cured a leper," the mother said
thoughtfully to Tirzah; "but he had his power from God." Then
addressing Amrah, she asked, "How does my son know this man so
possessed?"
  "He was travelling with him, and heard the lepers call, and saw them
go away well. First there was one man; then there were ten; and they
were all made whole."
  The elder listener was silent again. The skeleton hand shook. We may
believe she was struggling to give the story the sanction of faith,
which is always an absolutist in demand, and that it was with her as
with the men of the day, eye-witnesses of what was done by the Christ,
as well as the myriads who have succeeded them. She did not question
the performance, for her own son was the witness testifying through
the servant; but she strove to comprehend the power by which work so
astonishing could be done by a man. Well enough to make inquiry as
to the fact; to comprehend the power, on the other hand, it is first
necessary to comprehend God; and he who waits for that will die
waiting. With her, however, the hesitation was brief. To Tirzah she
said-
  "This must be the Messiah!"
  She spoke not coldly, like one reasoning a doubt away, but as a
woman of Israel familiar with the promises of God to her race- a woman
of understanding, ready to be glad over the least sign of the
realization of the promises.
  "There was a time when Jerusalem and all Judea were filled with a
story that he was born. I remember it. By this time he should be a
man. It must be- it is he. Yes," she said to Amrah, "we will go with
you. Bring the water which you will find in the tomb in a jar, and set
the food for us. We will eat and be gone."
  The breakfast, partaken under excitement, was soon despatched, and
the three women set out on their extraordinary journey. As Tirzah
had caught the confident spirit of the others, there was but one
fear that troubled the party. Bethany, Amrah said, was the town the
man was coming from; now from that to Jerusalem there were three
roads, or rather paths- one over the first summit of Olivet, a
second at its base, a third between the second summit and the Mount of
Offence. The three were not far apart; far enough, however, to make it
possible for the unfortunates to miss the Nazarene if they failed
the one he chose to come by.
  A little questioning satisfied the mother that Amrah knew nothing of
the country beyond the Cedron, and even less of the intentions of
the man they were going to see, if they could. She discerned, also,
that both Amrah and Tirzah- the one from confirmed habits of
servitude, the other from natural dependence- looked to her for
guidance; and she accepted the charge.
  "We will go first to Bethphage," she said to them. "There, if the
Lord favour us, we may learn what else to do."
  They descended the hill to Tophet and the King's Garden, and
paused in the deep trail furrowed through them by centuries of
wayfaring.
  "I am afraid of the road," the matron said. "Better that we keep
to the country among the rocks and trees. This is feast-day, and on
the hill-sides yonder I see signs of a great multitude in
attendance. By going across the Mount of Offence here we may avoid
them."
  Tirzah had been walking with great difficulty; upon hearing this her
heart began to fail her.
  "The mount is steep, mother! I cannot climb it."
  "Remember, we are going to find health and life. See, my child,
how the day brightens around us! And yonder are women coming this
way to the well. They will stone us if we stay here. Come, be strong
this once."
  Thus the mother, not less tortured herself, sought to inspire the
daughter; and Amrah came to her aid. To this time the latter had not
touched the persons of the afflicted, nor they her; now, in
disregard of consequences as well as of command, the faithful creature
went to Tirzah, and put her arm over her shoulder, and whispered,
"Lean on me. I am strong, though I am old; and it is but a little
way off. There- now we can go."
  The face of the hill they essayed to cross was somewhat broken
with pits, and ruins of old structures; but when at last they stood
upon the top to rest, and looked at the spectacle presented them
over in the north-west- at the Temple and its courtly terraces, at
Zion, at the enduring towers white beetling into the sky beyond- the
mother was strengthened with a love of life for life's sake.
  "Look, Tirzah," she said- "look at the plates of gold on the Gate
Beautiful. How they give back the flames of the sun, brightness for
brightness! Do you remember we used to go up there? Will it not be
pleasant to do so again? And think- home is but a little way off. I
can almost see it over the roof of the Holy of Holies; and Judah
will be there to receive us!"
  From the side of the middle summit, garnished green with myrtle
and olive trees, they saw, upon looking that way next, thin columns of
smoke rising lightly and straight up into the pulseless morning,
each a warning of restless pilgrims astir, and of the flight of the
pitiless hours, and the need of haste.
  Though the good servant toiled faithfully to lighten the labour in
descending the hill-side, not sparing herself in the least, the girl
moaned at every step; sometimes in extremity of anguish she cried out.
Upon reaching the road- that is, the road between the Mount of Offence
and the middle or second summit of Olivet- she fell down exhausted.
  "Go on with Amrah, mother, and leave me here," she said, faintly.
  "No, no, Tirzah. What would the gain be to me if I were healed and
you not? When Judah asks for you, as he will, what would I have to say
to him were I to leave you?"
  "Tell him I loved him."
  The elder leper arose from bending over the fainting sufferer, and
gazed about her with that sensation of hope perishing which is more
nearly like annihilation of the soul than anything else. The supremest
joy of the thought of cure was inseparable from Tirzah, who was not
too old to forget, in the happiness of healthful life to come, the
years of misery by which she had been so reduced in body and broken in
spirit. Even as the brave woman was about leaving the venture they
were engaged in to the determination of God, she saw a man on foot
coming rapidly up the road from the east.
  "Courage, Tirzah! Be of cheer," she said. "Yonder I know is one to
tell us of the Nazarene."
  Amrah helped the girl to a sitting posture, and supported her
while the man advanced.
  "In your goodness, mother, you forget what we are. The stranger will
go around us; his best gift to us will be a curse, if not a stone."
  "We will see."
  There was no other answer to be given, since the mother was too well
and sadly acquainted with the treatment outcasts of the class to which
she belonged were accustomed to at the hands of her countrymen.
  As has been said, the road at the edge of which the group was posted
was little more than a worn path or trail, winding crookedly through
tumuli of limestone. If the stranger kept it, he must meet them face
to face; and he did so, until near enough to hear the cry she was
bound to give. Then, uncovering her head, a further demand of the law,
she shouted shrilly-
  "Unclean! unclean!"
  To her surprise, the man came steadily on.
  "What would you have?" he asked, stopping opposite them not four
yards off.
  "Thou seest us. Have a care," the mother said, with dignity.
  "Woman, I am the courier of him who speaketh but once to such as
thou and they are healed. I am not afraid."
  "The Nazarene?"
  "The Messiah," he said.
  "Is it true that he cometh to the city to-day?"
  "He is now at Bethphage."
  "On what road, master?"
  "This one."
  She clasped her hands, and looked up thankfully.
  "For whom takest thou him?" the man asked, with pity.
  "The Son of God," she replied.
  "Stay thou here then; or, as there is a multitude with him, take thy
stand by the rock yonder, the white one under the tree; and as he
goeth by fail not to call to him; call, and fear not. If thy faith but
equal thy knowledge, he will hear thee though all the heavens thunder.
I go to tell Israel, assembled in and about the city, that he is at
hand, and to make ready to receive him. Peace to thee and thine,
woman."
  The stranger moved on.
  "Did you hear, Tirzah? Did you hear? The Nazarene is on the road, on
this one, and he will hear us. Once more, my child- oh, only once! and
let us to the rock. It is but a step."
  Thus encouraged, Tirzah took Amrah's hand and arose; but as they
were going, Amrah said, "Stay; the man is returning." And they
waited for him.
  "I pray your grace, woman," he said, upon overtaking them.
"Remembering that the sun will be hot before the Nazarene arrives, and
that the city is near by to give me refreshment should I need it, I
thought this water would do thee better than it will me. Take it and
be of good cheer. Call to him as he passes."
  He followed the words by offering her a gourd full of water, such as
foot-travellers sometimes carried with them in their journeys across
the hills; and instead of placing the gift on the ground for her to
take up when he was at a safe distance, he gave it into her hand.
  "Art thou a Jew?" she asked, surprised.
  "I am that, and better; I am a disciple of the Christ who teacheth
daily by word and example this thing which I have done unto you. The
world hath long known the word charity without understanding it. Again
I say, peace and good cheer to thee and thine."
  He went on, and they went slowly to the rock he had pointed out to
them, high as their heads, and scarcely thirty yards from the road
on the right. Standing in front of it, the mother satisfied herself
they could be seen and heard plainly by passers-by whose notice they
desired to attract. There they cast themselves under the tree in its
shade, and drank of the gourd, and rested refreshed. Ere long Tirzah
slept, and fearing to disturb her, the others held their peace.
                        CHAPTER IV.
                        THE MIRACLE.

  DURING the third hour the road in front of the resting-place of
the lepers became gradually more and more frequented by people going
in the direction of Bethphage and Bethany; now, however, about the
commencement of the fourth hour, a great crowd appeared over the crest
of Olivet, and as it defiled down the road thousands in number, the
two watchers noticed with wonder that every one in it carried a
palm-branch freshly cut. As they sat absorbed by the novelty, the
noise of another multitude approaching from the east drew their eyes
that way. Then the mother awoke Tirzah.
  "What is the meaning of it all?" the latter asked.
  "He is coming," answered the mother. "These we see are from the city
going to meet him; those we hear in the east are his friends bearing
him company; and it will not be strange if the processions meet here
before us."
  "I fear, if they do, we cannot be heard."
  The same thought was in the elder's mind.
  "Amrah," she asked, "when Judah spoke of the healing of the ten,
in what words did he say they called to the Nazarene?"
  "Either they said, 'Lord, have mercy upon us,' or 'Master, have
mercy.'"
  "Only that"
  "No more that I heard."
  "Yet it was enough," the mother added, to herself.
  "Yes," said Amrah, "Judah said he saw them go away well."
  Meantime the people in the east came up slowly. When at length the
foremost of them were in sight, the gaze of the lepers fixed upon a
man riding in the midst of what seemed a chosen company which sang and
danced about him in extravagance of joy. The rider was bareheaded
and clad all in white. When he was in distance to be more clearly
observed, these, looking anxiously, saw an olive-hued face shaded by
long chestnut hair slightly sunburned and parted in the middle. He
looked neither to the right nor left. In the noisy abandon of his
followers he appeared to have no part; nor did their favour disturb
him in the least, or raise him out of the profound melancholy into
which, as his countenance showed, he was plunged. The sun beat upon
the back of his head, and lighting up the floating hair gave it a
delicate likeness to a golden nimbus. Behind him the irregular
procession, pouring forward with continuous singing and shouting,
extended out of view. There was no need of any one to tell the
lepers that this was he- the wonderful Nazarene!
  "He is here, Tirzah," the mother said; "he is here. Come, my child."
  As she spoke she glided in front of the white rock and fell upon her
knees.
  Directly the daughter and servant were by her side. Then at sight of
the procession in the east, the thousands from the city halted, and
began to wave their green branches, shouting, or rather chanting
(for it was all in one voice)-
  "Blessed is the King of Israel that cometh in the name of the Lord!"
  And all the thousands who were of the rider's company, both those
near and those afar, replied so the air shook with the sound, which
was as a great wind threshing the side of the hill. Amidst the din,
the cries of the poor lepers were not more than the twittering of
dazed sparrows.
  The moment of the meeting of the hosts was come, and with it the
opportunity the sufferers were seeking; if not taken, it would be lost
for ever, and they would be lost as well.
  "Nearer, my child- let us get nearer. He cannot hear us," said the
mother.
  She arose, and staggered forward. Her ghastly hands were up, and she
screamed with horrible shrillness. The people saw her- saw her hideous
face, and stopped awe-struck- an effect for which extreme human
misery, visible as in this instance, is as potent as majesty in purple
and gold. Tirzah, behind her a little way, fell down too faint and
frightened to follow farther.
  "The lepers! the lepers!"
  "Stone them!"
  "The accursed of God! Kill them!"
  These, with other yells of like import, broke in upon the hosannas
of the part of the multitude too far removed to see and understand the
cause of the interruption. Some there were, however, near by
familiar with the nature of the man to whom the unfortunates were
appealing- some who, by long intercourse with him, had caught somewhat
of his divine compassion: they gazed at him, and were silent while, in
fair view, he rode up and stopped in front of the woman. She also
beheld his face- calm, pitiful, and of exceeding beauty, the large
eyes tender with benignant purpose.
  And this was the colloquy that ensued-
  "O Master, Master! Thou seest our need; thou canst make us clean.
Have mercy upon us- mercy!"
  "Believest thou I am able to do this?" he asked.
  "Thou art he of whom the prophets spake- thou art the Messiah!"
she replied.
  His eyes grew radiant, his manner confident.
  "Woman," he said, "great is thy faith; be it unto thee even as
thou wilt."
  He lingered an instant after, apparently unconscious of the presence
of the throng- an instant- then he rode away.
  To the heart divinely original, yet so human in all the better
elements of humanity, going with sure prevision to a death of all
the inventions of men the foulest and most cruel, breathing even
then in the forecast shadow of the awful event, and still as hungry
and thirsty for love and faith as in the beginning, how precious and
ineffably soothing the farewell exclamation of the grateful woman-
  "To God in the highest, glory! Blessed, thrice blessed, the Son whom
he hath given us!"
  Immediately both the hosts, that from the city and that from
Bethphage, closed around him with their joyous demonstrations, with
hosannas and waving of palms, and so he passed from the lepers
forever. Covering her head, the elder hastened to Tirzah, and folded
her in her arms, crying, "Daughter, look up! I have his promise; he is
indeed the Messiah. We are saved- saved!" And the two remained
kneeling while the procession, slowly going, disappeared over the
mount. When the noise of its singing afar was a sound scarcely heard
the miracle began.
  There was first in the hearts of the lepers a freshening of the
blood; then it flowed faster and stronger, thrilling their wasted
bodies with an infinitely sweet sense of painless healing. Each felt
the scourge going from her; their strength revived; they were
returning to be themselves. Directly, as if to make the purification
complete, from body to spirit the quickening ran, exalting them to a
very fervour of ecstasy. The power possessing them to this good end
was most nearly that of a draught of swift and happy effect; yet it
was unlike and superior in that its healing and cleansing were
absolute, and not merely a delicious consciousness while in
progress, but the planting, growing, and maturing all at once of a
recollection so singular and so holy that the simple thought of it
should be of itself ever after a formless yet perfect thanksgiving.
  To this transformation- for such it may be called quite as
properly as a cure- there was a witness other than Amrah. The reader
will remember the constancy with which Ben-Hur had followed the
Nazarene throughout his wanderings; and now, recalling the
conversation of the night before, there will be little surprise at
learning that the young Jew was present when the leprous woman
appeared in the path of the pilgrims. He heard her prayer, and saw her
disfigured face; he heard the answer also, and was not so accustomed
to incidents of the kind, frequent as they had been, as to have lost
interest in them. Had such thing been possible with him, still the
bitter disputation always excited by the simplest display of the
Master's curative gift would have sufficed to keep his curiosity
alive. Besides that, if not above it as an incentive, his hope to
satisfy himself upon the vexed question of the mission of the
mysterious man was still upon him strong as in the beginning; we might
indeed say even stronger, because of a belief that now quickly, before
the sun went down, the man himself would make all known by public
proclamation. At the close of the scene, consequently, Ben-Hur had
withdrawn from the procession, and seated himself upon a stone to wait
its passage.
  From his place he nodded recognition to many of the people-
Galileans in his league, carrying short swords under their long abbas.
After a little a swarthy Arab came up leading two horses; at a sign
from Ben-Hur he also drew out.
  "Stay here," the young master said, when all were gone by, even
the laggards. "I wish to be at the city early, and Aldebaran must do
me service."
  He stroked the broad forehead of the horse, now in his prime of
strength and beauty, then crossed the road towards the two women.
  They were to him, it should be borne in mind, strangers in whom he
felt interest only as they were subjects of a superhuman experiment,
the result of which might possibly help him to solution of the mystery
that had so long engaged him. As he proceeded, he glanced casually
at the figure of the little woman over by the white rock, standing
there, her face hidden in her hands.
  "As the Lord liveth, it is Amrah!" he said to himself.
  He hurried on, and passing by the mother and daughter, still without
recognizing them, he stopped before the servant.
  "Amrah," he said to her, "Amrah, what do you here?"
  She rushed forward, and fell upon her knees before him, blinded by
her tears, nigh speechless with contending joy and fear.
  "O master, master! Thy God and mine, how good he is!"
  The knowledge we gain from much sympathy with others passing through
trials is but vaguely understood; strangely enough, it enables us,
among other things, to merge our identity into theirs often so
completely that their sorrows and their delights become our own. So
poor Amrah, aloof and hiding her face, knew the transformation the
lepers were undergoing without a word spoken to her- knew it, and
shared all their feeling to the full. Her countenance, her words,
her whole manner, betrayed her condition; and with swift
presentiment he connected it with the women he had just passed: he
felt her presence there at that time was in some way associated with
them, and turned hastily as they arose to their feet. His heart
stood still; he became rooted in his tracks- dumb past outcry-
awe-struck.
  The woman he had seen before the Nazarene was standing with her
hands clasped and eyes streaming, looking towards heaven. The mere
transformation would have been a sufficient surprise; but it was the
least of the causes of his emotion. Could he be mistaken? Never was
there in life a stranger so like his mother; and like her as she was
the day the Roman snatched her from him. There was but one
difference to mar the identity- the hair of this person was a little
streaked with grey; yet that was not impossible of reconcilement,
since the intelligence which had directed the miracle might have taken
into consideration the natural effects of the passage of years. And
who was it by her side, if not Tirzah?- fair, beautiful, perfect, more
mature, but in all other respects exactly the same in appearance as
when she looked with him over the parapet the morning of the
accident to Gratus. He had given them over as dead, and time had
accustomed him to the bereavement; he had not ceased mourning for
them, yet, as something distinguishable, they had simply dropped out
of his plans and dreams. Scarcely believing his senses, he laid his
hand upon the servant's head, and asked, tremulously-
  "Amrah, Amrah- my mother! Tirzah! tell me if I see aright."
  "Speak to them, O master, speak to them!" she said.
  He waited no longer, but ran, with outstretched arms, crying,
"Mother! mother! Tirzah! Here I am!"
  They heard his call, and with a cry as loving started to meet him.
Suddenly the mother stopped, drew back, and uttered the old alarm-
  "Stay, Judah, my son; come not nearer. Unclean, unclean!"
  The utterance was not from habit, grown since the dread disease
struck her, as much as fear; and the fear was but another form of
the ever-thoughtful maternal love. Though they were healed in
person, the taint of the scourge might be in their garments ready
for communication. He had no such thought. They were before him; he
had called them, they had answered. Who or what should keep them
from him now? Next moment the three, so long separated, were
mingling their tears in each other's arms.
  The first ecstasy over, the mother said, "In this happiness, O my
children, let us not be ungrateful. Let us begin life anew by
acknowledgment of him to whom we are all so indebted."
  They fell upon their knees, Amrah with the rest; and the prayer of
the elder outspoken was as a psalm.
  Tirzah repeated it word for word; so did Ben-Hur, but not with the
same clear mind and questionless faith; for when they were risen, he
asked-
  "In Nazareth, where the man was born, mother, they call him the
son of a carpenter. What is he?"
  Her eyes rested upon him with all their old tenderness, and she
answered as she had answered the Nazarene himself-
  "He is the Messiah."
  "And whence has he his power?"
  "We may know by the use he makes of it. Can you tell me any he has
done?"
  "No."
  "By that sign then I answer. He has his power from God."
  It is not an easy thing to shake off in a moment the expectations
nurtured through years until they have become essentially a part of
us; and though Ben-Hur asked himself what the vanities of the world
were to such a one, his ambition was obdurate and would not down. He
persisted as men do yet every day in measuring the Christ by
himself. How much better if we measured ourselves by the Christ!
  Naturally, the mother was the first to think of the cares of life.
  "What shall we do now, my son? Where shall we go?"
  Then Ben-Hur, recalled to duty, observed how completely every
trace of the scourge had disappeared from his restored people; that
each had back her perfection of person; that, as with Naaman when he
came up out of the water, their flesh had come again like unto the
flesh of a little child; and he took off his cloak, and threw it
over Tirzah.
  "Take it," he said, smiling; "the eye of the stranger would have
shunned you before; now it shall not offend you."
  The act exposed a sword belted to his side.
  "Is it a time of war?" asked the mother, anxiously.
  "No."
  "Why, then, are you armed?"
  "It may be necessary to defend the Nazarene."
  Thus Ben-Hur evaded the whole truth.
  "Has he enemies? Who are they?"
  "Alas, mother, they are not all Romans!"
  "Is he not of Israel, and a man of peace?"
  "There was never one more so; but in the opinion of the rabbis and
teachers he is guilty of a great crime."
  "What crime?"
  "In his eyes the uncircumcised Gentile is as worthy favour as a
Jew of the strictest habit. He preaches a new dispensation."
  The mother was silent, and they moved to the shade of the tree by
the rock. Calming his impatience to have them home again and hear
their story, he showed them the necessity of obedience to the law
governing in cases like theirs, and in conclusion called the Arab,
bidding him take the horses to the gate by Bethesda and await him
there; whereupon they set out by the way of the Mount of Offence.
The return was very different from the coming; they walked rapidly and
with ease, and in good time reached a tomb newly made near that of
Absalom, overlooking the depths of Cedron. Finding it unoccupied,
the women took possession, while he went on hastily to make the
preparations required for their new condition.
                        CHAPTER V.
                PILGRIMS TO THE PASSOVER.

  BEN-HUR pitched two tents out on the Upper Cedron east a short space
of the Tombs of the Kings, and furnished them with every comfort at
his command; and thither, without loss of time, he conducted his
mother and sister, to remain until the examining priest could
certify their perfect cleansing.
  In course of the duty, the young man had subjected himself to such
serious defilement as to debar him from participation in the
ceremonies of the great feast, then near at hand. He could not enter
the least sacred of the courts of the Temple. Of necessity, not less
than choice, therefore, he stayed at the tents with his beloved
people. There was a great deal to hear from them, and a great deal
to tell them of himself.
  Stories such as theirs- sad experiences extending through a lapse of
years, sufferings of body, acuter sufferings of mind- are usually long
in the telling, the incidents seldom following each other in
threaded connection. He listened to the narrative and all they told
him, with outward patience masking inward feelings. In fact, his
hatred of Rome and Romans reached a higher mark than ever; his
desire for vengeance became a thirst which attempts at reflection only
intensified. In the almost savage bitterness of his humour many mad
impulses took hold of him. The opportunities of the highways presented
themselves with singular force of temptation; he thought seriously
of insurrection in Galilee; even the sea, ordinarily a retrospective
horror to him, stretched itself map-like before his fancy, laced and
interlaced with lines of passage crowded with imperial plunder and
imperial travellers; but the better judgment matured in calmer hours
was happily too firmly fixed to be supplanted by present passion
however strong. Each mental venture in reach of new expedients brought
him back to the old conclusion- that there could be no sound success
except in a war involving all Israel in solid union; and all musing
upon the subject, all inquiry, all hope, ended where they began- in
the Nazarene and his purposes.
  At odd moments the excited schemer found a pleasure in fashioning
a speech for that person-
  "Hear, O Israel! I am he, the promised of God, born King of the
Jews- come to you with the dominion spoken of by the prophets. Rise
now, and lay hold on the world!"
  Would the Nazarene but speak these few words, what a tumult would
follow! How many mouths performing the office of trumpets would take
them up and blow them abroad for the massing of armies!
  Would he speak them?
  And eager to begin the work, and answering in the worldly way,
Ben-Hur lost sight of the double nature of the man, and of the other
possibility, that the divine in him might transcend the human. In
the miracle of which Tirzah and his mother were the witnesses even
more nearly than himself, he saw and set apart and dwelt upon a
power ample enough to raise and support a Jewish crown over the wrecks
of the Italian, and more than ample to remodel society, and convert
mankind into one purified happy family; and when that work was done,
could any one say the peace which might then be ordered without
hindrance was not a mission worthy a son of God? Could any one then
deny the Redeemership of the Christ? And discarding all
consideration of political consequences, what unspeakable personal
glory there would then be to him as a man? It was not in the nature of
any mere mortal to refuse such a career.
  Meantime down the Cedron, and in towards Bezetha, especially on
the roadsides quite up to the Damascus Gate, the country filled
rapidly with all kinds of temporary shelters for pilgrims to the
Passover. Ben-Hur visited the strangers and talked with them; and
returning to his tents, he was each time more and more astonished at
the vastness of their numbers. And when he further discovered that
every part of the world was represented among them- cities upon both
shores of the Mediterranean far off as the Pillars of the West,
river-towns in distant India, provinces in northernmost Europe; and
that, though they frequently saluted him with tongues unacquainted
with a syllable of the old Hebrew of the fathers, these
representatives had all the same object- celebration of the notable
feast- an idea tinged mistily with superstitious fancy forced itself
upon him. Might he not after all have misunderstood the Nazarene?
Might not that person by patient waiting be covering silent
preparation, and proving his fitness for the glorious task before him?
How much better this time for the movement than that other when, by
Gennesaret, the Galileans would have forced assumption of the crown?
Then the support would have been limited to a few thousands; now his
proclamation would be responded to by millions- who could say how
many? Pursuing this theory to its conclusions, Ben-Hur moved amidst
brilliant promises, and glowed with the thought that the melancholy
man, under gentle seeming and wondrous self-denial, was in fact
carrying in disguise the subtlety of a politician and the genius of
a soldier.
  Several times also, in the meanwhile, low-set, brawny men,
bare-headed and black-bearded, came and asked for Ben-Hur at the tent:
his interviews with them were always apart; and to his mother's
questions who they were he answered-
  "Some good friends of mine from Galilee."
  Through them he kept informed of the movements of the Nazarene,
and of the schemes of the Nazarene's enemies, Rabbinical and Roman.
That the good man's life was in danger he knew; but that there were
any bold enough to attempt to take it at that time he could not
believe. It seemed too securely intrenched in a great fame and an
assured popularity. The very vastness of the attendance in and about
the city brought with it a seeming guaranty of safety. And yet, to say
truth, Ben-Hur's confidence rested most certainly upon the
miraculous power of the Christ. Pondering the subject in the purely
human view, that the master of such authority over life and death,
used so frequently for the good of others, would not exert it in
care of himself, was simply as much past belief as it was past
understanding.
  Nor should it be forgotten that all these were incidents of
occurrence between the twenty-first day of March- counting by the
modern calendar- and the twenty-fifth. The evening of the latter day
Ben-Hur yielded to his impatience, and rode to the city, leaving
behind him a promise to return in the night.
  The horse was fresh, and choosing his own gait, sped swiftly. The
eyes of the clambering vines winked at the rider from the garden
fences on the way; there was nothing else to see him, nor child nor
woman nor man. Through the rocky float in the hollows of the road
the agate hoofs drummed, ringing like cups of steel; but without
notice from any stranger. In the houses passed there were no
tenants; the fires by the tent-doors were out; the road was
deserted; for this was the first Passover eve, and the hour "between
the evenings" when the visiting millions crowded the city, and the
slaughter of lambs in offering reeked the fore-courts of the Temple,
and the priests in ordered lines caught the flowing blood and
carried it swiftly to the dripping altars- when all was haste and
hurry, racing with the stars fast coming with the signal after which
the roasting and the eating and the singing might go on, but not the
preparation more.
  Through the great northern gate the rider rode, and lo! Jerusalem
before the fall, in ripeness of glory, illuminated for the Lord.
                        CHAPTER VI.
                    A SERPENT OF THE NILE.

  BEN-HUR alighted at the gate of the khan from which the three Wise
Men more than thirty years before departed, going down to Bethlehem.
There, in keeping of his Arab followers, he left the horse, and
shortly after was at the wicket of his father's house, and in a yet
briefer space in the great chamber. He called for Malluch first;
that worthy being out, he sent a salutation to his friends, the
merchant and the Egyptian. They were being carried abroad to see the
celebration. The latter, he was informed, was very feeble, and in a
state of deep dejection.
  Young people of that time who were supposed hardly to know their own
hearts indulged the habit of politic indirection quite as much as
young people in the same condition indulge it in this time; so when
Ben-Hur inquired for the good Balthasar, and with grave courtesy
desired to know if he would be pleased to see him, he really addressed
the daughter a notice of his arrival. While the servant was
answering for the elder, the curtain of the doorway was drawn aside,
and the younger Egyptian came in, and walked- or floated, upborne in a
white cloud of the gauzy raiment she so loved and lived in- to the
centre of the chamber, where the light cast by lamps from the
seven-armed brazen stick planted upon the floor was the strongest.
With her there was no fear of light.
  The servant left the two alone.
  In the excitement occasioned by the events of the few days past
Ben-Hur had scarcely given a thought to the fair Egyptian. If she came
to his mind at all, it was merely as a briefest pleasure, a suggestion
of a delight which could wait for him, and was waiting.
  But now the influence of the woman revived with all its force the
instant Ben-Hur beheld her. He advanced to her eagerly, but stopped
and gazed. Such a change he had never seen!
  Theretofore she had been a lover studious to win him- in manner
all warmth, each glance an admission, each action an avowal. She had
showered him with incense of flattery. While he was present, she had
impressed him with her admiration; going away, he carried the
impression with him to remain a delicious expectancy hastening his
return. It was for him the painted eyelids drooped lowest over the
lustrous almond eyes; for him the love-stories caught from the
professionals abounding in the streets of Alexandria were repeated
with emphasis and lavishment of poetry; for him endless exclamations
of sympathy, and smiles, and little privileges with hand and hair
and cheek and lips, and songs of the Nile, and displays of jewelry,
and subtleties of lace in veils and scarfs, and other subtleties not
less exquisite in flosses of Indian silk. The idea, old as the
oldest of peoples, that beauty is the reward of the hero had never
such realism as she contrived for his pleasure; insomuch that he could
not doubt he was her hero; she avouched it in a thousand artful ways
as natural with her as her beauty- winsome ways reserved, it would
seem, by the passionate genius of old Egypt for its daughters.
  Such the Egyptian had been to Ben-Hur from the night of the
boat-ride on the lake in the Orchard of Palms. But now!
  Elsewhere in this volume the reader may have observed a term of
somewhat indefinite meaning used reverently in a sacred connection; we
repeat it now with a general application. There are few persons who
have not a double nature, the real and the acquired, the latter a kind
of addendum resulting from education, which in time often perfects
it into a part of the being as unquestionable as the first. Leaving
the thought to the thoughtful, we proceed to say that now the real
nature of the Egyptian made itself manifest.
  It was not possible for her to have received a stranger with
repulsion more incisive; yet she was apparently as passionless as a
statue, only the small head was a little tilted, the nostrils a little
drawn, and the sensuous lower lip pushed the upper the least bit out
of its natural curvature. She was the first to speak.
  "Your coming is timely, O son of Hur," she said, in a voice
sharply distinct. "I wish to thank you for hospitality; after
to-morrow I may not have the opportunity to do so."
  Ben-Hur bowed slightly without taking his eyes from her.
  "I have heard of a custom which the dice-players observe with good
result among themselves," she continued. "When the game is over,
they refer to their tablets and cast up their accounts; then they
libate the gods and put a crown upon the happy winner. We have had a
game- it has lasted through many days and nights. Why, now that it
is at an end, shall not we see to which the chaplet belongs?"
  Yet very watchful, Ben-Hur answered, lightly, "A man may not balk
a woman bent on having her way."
  "Tell me," she continued, inclining her head, and permitting the
sneer to become positive- "tell me, O prince of Jerusalem, where is
he, that son of the carpenter of Nazareth, and son not less of God,
from whom so lately such mighty things were expected?"
  He waved his hand impatiently, and replied, "I am not his keeper."
  The beautiful head sank forward yet lower.
  "Has he broken Rome to pieces?"
  Again, but with anger, Ben-Hur raised his hand in deprecation.
  "Where has he seated his capital?" she proceeded. "Cannot I go see
his throne and its lions of bronze? And his palace- he raised the
dead; and to such a one, what is it to raise a golden house? He has
but to stamp his foot and say the word, and the house is, pillared
like Karnak, and wanting nothing."
  There was by this time slight ground left to believe her playing;
the questions were offensive, and her manner pointed with
unfriendliness; seeing which, he on his side became more wary, and
said, with good-humour, "O Egypt, let us wait another day, even
another week, for him, the lions, and the palace."
  She went on without noticing the suggestion.
  "And how is it I see you in that garb? Such is not the habit of
governors in India or vice-kings elsewhere. I saw the satrap of
Teheran once, and he wore a turban of silk and a cloak of cloth of
gold, and the hilt and scabbard of his sword made me dizzy with
their splendour of precious stones. I thought Osiris had lent him a
glory from the sun. I fear you have not entered upon your kingdom- the
kingdom I was to share with you."
  "The daughter of my wise guest is kinder than she imagines
herself; she is teaching me that Isis may kiss a heart without
making it better."
  Ben-Hur spoke with cold courtesy, and Iras, after playing with the
pendent solitaire of her necklace of coins, rejoined, "For a Jew,
the son of Hur is clever. I saw your dreaming Caesar make his entry
into Jerusalem. You told us he would that day proclaim himself King of
the Jews from the steps of the Temple. I beheld the procession descend
the mountain bringing him. I heard their singing. They were
beautiful with palms in motion. I looked everywhere among them for a
figure with a promise of royalty- a horseman in purple, a chariot with
a driver in shining brass, a stately warrior behind an orbed shield,
rivalling his spear in stature. I looked for his guard. It would
have been pleasant to have seen a prince of Jerusalem and a cohort
of the legions of Galilee."
  She flung her listener a glance of provoking disdain, then laughed
heartily, as if the ludicrousness of the picture in her mind were
too strong for contempt.
  "Instead of a Sesostris returning in triumph or a Caesar helmed
and sworded- ha, ha, ha!- I saw a man with a woman's face and hair,
riding an ass's colt, and in tears. The King! the son of God! the
Redeemer of the world! Ha, ha, ha!"
  In spite of himself, Ben-Hur winced.
  "I did not quit my place, O prince of Jerusalem," she said, before
he could recover. "I did not laugh. I said to myself, 'Wait. In the
Temple he will glorify himself as becomes a hero about to take
possession of the world.' I saw him enter the Gate of Shushan and
the Court of the Women. I saw him stop and stand before the Gate
Beautiful. There were people with me on the porch and in the courts,
and on the cloisters and on the steps of the three sides of the Temple
there were other people- I will say a million of people, all waiting
breathlessly to hear his proclamation. The pillars were not more still
than we. Ha, ha, ha! I fancied I heard the axles of the mighty Roman
machine begin to crack. Ha, ha, ha! O prince, by the soul of
Solomon, your King of the World drew his gown about him and walked
away, and out by the farthest gate, nor opened his mouth to say a
word; and- the Roman machine is running yet!"
  In simple homage to a hope that instant lost- a hope which, as it
began to fall and while it was falling, he unconsciously followed with
a parting look down to its disappearance- Ben-Hur lowered his eyes.
  At no previous time, whether when Balthasar was plying him with
arguments, or when miracles were being done before his face, had the
disputed nature of the Nazarene been so plainly set before him. The
best way, after all, to reach an understanding of the divine is by
study of the human. In the things superior to men we may always look
to find God. So with the picture given by the Egyptian of the scene
when the Nazarene turned from the Gate Beautiful; its central theme
was an act utterly beyond performance by a man under control of merely
human inspirations. A parable to a parable-loving people, it taught
what the Christ had so often asserted- that his mission was not
political. There was not much more time for thought of all this than
that allowed for a common respiration; yet the idea took fast hold
of Ben-Hur, and in the same instant he followed his hope of
vengeance out of sight, and the man with the woman's face and hair,
and in tears, came near to him- near enough to leave something of
his spirit behind.
  "Daughter of Balthasar," he said, with dignity, "if this be the game
of which you spoke to me, take the chaplet- I accord it yours. Only
let us make an end of words. That you have a purpose I am sure. To it,
I pray, and I will answer you; then let us go our several ways, and
forget we ever met. Say on; I will listen, but not to more of that
which you have given me."
  She regarded him intently a moment, as if determining what to do-
possibly she might have been measuring his will- then she said,
coldly, "You have my leave- go."
  "Peace to you," he responded, and walked away.
  As he was about passing out of the door, she called to him.
  "A word."
  He stopped where he was, and looked back.
  "Consider all I know about you."
  "O most fair Egyptian," he said, returning, "what all do you know
about me?"
  She looked at him absently.
  "You are more of a Roman, son of Hur, than any of your Hebrew
brethren."
  "Am I so unlike my countrymen?" he asked, indifferently.
  "The demi-gods are all Roman now," she rejoined.
  "And therefore you will tell me what more you know about me?"
  "The likeness is not lost upon me. It might induce me to save you."
  "Save me!"
  The pink-stained fingers toyed daintily with the lustrous pendent at
the throat, and her voice was exceeding low and soft; only a tapping
on the floor with her silken sandal admonished him to have a care.
  "There was a Jew, an escaped galley-slave, who killed a man in the
Palace of Idernee," she began, slowly.
  Ben-Hur was startled.
  "The same Jew slew a Roman soldier before the Market-place here in
Jerusalem; the same Jew has three trained legions from Galilee to
seize the Roman governor to-night; the same Jew has alliances
perfected for war upon Rome, and Ilderim the Sheik is one of his
partners."
  Drawing nearer him, she almost whispered-
  "You have lived in Rome. Suppose these things repeated in ears we
know of. Ah! you change colour."
  He drew back from her with somewhat of the look which may be
imagined upon the face of a man who, thinking to play with a kitten,
has run upon a tiger; and she proceeded-
  "You are acquainted in the antechamber, and know the Lord Sejanus.
Suppose it were told him with the proofs in hand- or without the
proofs- that the same Jew is the richest man in the East- nay, in
all the empire. The fishes of the Tiber would have fattening other
than that they dig out of its ooze, would they not? And while they
were feeding- ha! son of Hur!- what splendour there would be on
exhibition in the Circus! Amusing the Roman people is a fine art;
getting the money to keep them amused is another art even finer; and
was there ever an artist the equal of the Lord Sejanus?"
  Ben-Hur was not too much stirred by the evident baseness of the
woman for recollection. Not infrequently, when all the other faculties
are numb and failing, memory does its offices with the greatest
fidelity. The scene at the spring on the way to the Jordan
reproduced itself; and he remembered thinking then that Esther had
betrayed him, and thinking so now, he said, calmly as he could-
  "To give you pleasure, daughter of Egypt, I acknowledge your
cunning, and that I am at your mercy. It may also please you to hear
me acknowledge I have no hope of your favour. I could kill you, but
you are a woman. The desert is open to receive me; and though Rome
is a good hunter of men, there she would follow long and far before
she caught me, for in its heart there are wildernesses of spears as
well as wildernesses of sand, and it is not unlovely to the
unconquered Parthian. In the toils as I am- dupe that I have been- yet
there is one thing my due: who told you all you know about me? In
flight or captivity, dying even, there will be consolation in
leaving the traitor the curse of a man who has lived knowing nothing
but wretchedness. Who told you all you know about me?"
  It might have been a touch of art, or might have been sincere-
that as it may- the expression of the Egyptian's face became
sympathetic.
  "There are in my country, O son of Hur," she said, presently,
"workmen who make pictures by gathering vari-coloured shells here
and there on the sea-shore after storms, and cutting them up, and
patching the pieces as inlaying on marble slabs. Can you not see the
hint there is in the practice to such as go gathering for secrets?
Enough that from this person I gathered a handful of little
circumstances, and from that other yet another handful, and that
afterwhile I put them together, and was happy as a woman can be who
has at disposal the fortune and life of a man whom"- she stopped and
beat the floor with her foot, and looked away as if to hide a sudden
emotion from him; with an air of even painful resolution she presently
finished the sentence- "whom she is at loss what to do with."
  "No, it is not enough," Ben-Hur said, unmoved by the play- "it is
not enough. To-morrow you will determine what to do with me. I may
die."
  "True," she rejoined quickly and with emphasis, "I had something
from Sheik Ilderim as he lay with my father in a grove out in the
desert. The night was still, very still, and the walls of the tent,
sooth to say, were poor ward against ears outside listening to-
birds and beetles flying through the air."
  She smiled at the conceit, but proceeded:-
  "Some other things- bits of shell for the picture- I had from- "
  "Whom?"
  "The son of Hur himself."
  "Was there no other who contributed?"
  "No, not one."
  Hur drew a breath of relief, and said, lightly, "Thanks. It were not
well to keep the Lord Sejanus waiting for you. The desert is not so
sensitive. Again, O Egypt, peace!"
  To this time he had been standing uncovered; now he took the
handkerchief from his arm where it had been hanging, and adjusting
it upon his head, turned to depart. But she arrested him; in her
eagerness, she even reached a hand to him.
  "Stay," she said.
  He looked back at her, but without taking the hand, though it was
very noticeable for its sparkling of jewels; and he knew by her manner
that the reserved point of the scene which was so surprising to him
was now to come.
  "Stay, and do not distrust me, O son of Hur, if I declare I know why
the noble Arrius took you for his heir. And, by Iris! by all the
gods of Egypt! I swear I tremble to think of you, so brave and
generous, under the hand of the remorseless minister. You have left
a portion of your youth in the atria of the great capital; consider,
as I do, what the desert will be to you in contrast of life. Oh, I
give you pity- pity! And if you but do what I say, I will save you.
That, also, I swear, by our holy Isis!"
  Words of entreaty and prayer these, poured forth volubly and with
earnestness and the mighty sanction of beauty.
  "Almost- almost I believe you," Ben-Hur said, yet hesitatingly,
and in a voice low and indistinct; for a doubt remained with him
grumbling against the yielding tendency of the man- a good sturdy
doubt, such a one as has saved many a life and fortune.
  "The perfect life for a woman is to live in love; the greatest
happiness for a man is the conquest of himself; and that, O prince, is
what I have to ask of you."
  She spoke rapidly, and with animation; indeed, she had never
appeared to him so fascinating.
  "You had once a friend," she continued. "It was in your boyhood.
There was a quarrel, and you and he became enemies. He did you
wrong. After many years you met him again in the Circus at Antioch."
  "Messala!"
  "Yes, Messala. You are his creditor. Forgive the past; admit him
to friendship again; restore the fortune he lost in the great wager;
rescue him. The six talents are as nothing to you; not so much as a
bud lost upon a tree already in full leaf; but to him- Ah, he must
go about with a broken body; wherever you meet him he must look up
to you from the ground. O Ben-Hur, noble prince! to a Roman
descended as he is beggary is the other most odious name for death.
Save him from beggary!"
  If the rapidity with which she spoke was a cunning invention to keep
him from thinking, either she never knew or else had forgotten that
there are convictions which derive nothing from thought, but drop into
place without leave or notice. It seemed to him, when at last she
paused to have his answer, that he could see Messala himself peering
at him over her shoulder; and in its expression the countenance of the
Roman was not that of a mendicant or a friend; the sneer was as
patrician as ever, and the fine edge of the hauteur as flawless and
irritating.
  "The appeal has been decided then, and for once a Messala takes
nothing. I must go and write it in my book of great occurrences- a
judgment by a Roman against a Roman! But did he- did Messala send
you to me with this request, O Egypt?"
  "He has a noble nature, and judged you by it."
  Ben-Hur took the hand upon his arm.
  "As you know him in such friendly way, fair Egyptian, tell me, would
he do for me, there being a reversal of the conditions, that he asks
of me? Answer, by Isis! Answer, for the truth's sake!"
  There was insistence in the touch of his hand, and in his look also.
  "Oh!" she began, "he is- "
  "A Roman, you were about to say; meaning that I, a Jew, must not
determine dues from me to him by any measure of dues from him to me;
being a Jew, I must forgive him my winnings because he is a Roman.
If you have more to tell me, daughter of Balthasar, speak quickly,
quickly; for by the Lord God of Israel, when this heat of blood,
hotter waxing, attains its highest, I may not be able longer to see
that you are a woman, and beautiful! I may see but the spy of a master
the more hateful because the master is a Roman. Say on, and quickly."
  She threw his hand off and stepped back into the full light, with
all the evil of her nature collected in her eyes and voice.
  "Thou drinker of lees, feeder upon husks! To think I could love
thee, having seen Messala! Such as thou were born to serve him. He
would have been satisfied with release of the six talents; but I say
to the six thou shalt add twenty- twenty, dost thou hear? The kissings
of my little finger which thou hast taken from him, though with my
consent, shall be paid for; and that I have followed thee with
affectation of sympathy, and endured thee so long, enter into the
account not less because I was serving him. The merchant here is thy
keeper of moneys. If by to-morrow at noon he has not thy order acted
upon in favour of my Messala for six-and-twenty talents- mark the
sum!- thou shalt settle with the Lord Sejanus. Be wise and- farewell."
  As she was going to the door, he put himself in her way.
  "The old Egypt lives in you," he said. "Whether you see Messala
to-morrow or the next day, here or in Rome, give him this message.
Tell him I have back the money, even the six talents, he robbed me
of by robbing my father's estate; tell him I survived the galleys to
which he had me sent, and in my strength rejoice in his beggary and
dishonour; tell him I think the affliction of body which he has from
my hand is the curse of our Lord God of Israel upon him, more fit than
death for his crimes against the helpless; tell him my mother and
sister whom he had sent to a cell in Antonia that they might die of
leprosy, are alive and well, thanks to the power of the Nazarene
whom you so despise; tell him that, to fill my measure of happiness,
they are restored to me, and that I will go hence to their love, and
find in it more than compensation for the impure passions which you
leave me to take to him; tell him- this for your comfort, O cunning
incarnate, as much as his- tell him that when the Lord Sejanus comes
to despoil me he will find nothing; for the inheritance I had from the
duumvir, including the villa by Misenum, has been sold, and the
money from the sale is out of reach, afloat in the marts of the
world as bills of exchange; and that this house and the goods and
merchandise, and the ships and caravans with which Simonides plies his
commerces with such princely profits, are covered by imperial
safeguards- a wise head having found the price of the favour, and
the Lord Sejanus preferring a reasonable gain in the way of gift to
much gain fished from pools of blood and wrong; tell him if all this
were not so, if the money and property were all mine, yet should he
not have the least part of it, for when he finds our Jewish bills, and
forces them to give up their values, there is yet another resort
left me- a deed of gift to Caesar- so much, O Egypt, I found out in
the atria of the great capital; tell him that along with my defiance I
do not send him a curse in words, but, as a better expression of my
undying hate, I send him one who will prove to him the sum of all
curses; and when he looks at you repeating this my message, daughter
of Balthasar, his Roman shrewdness will tell him all I mean. Go now-
and I will go."
  He conducted her to the door, and, with ceremonious politeness, held
back the curtain while she passed out.
  "Peace to you," he said, as she disappeared.
                        CHAPTER VII.
                 BEN-HUR RETURNS TO ESTHER.

  WHEN Ben-Hur left the guest-chamber, there was not nearly so much
life in his action as when he entered it; his steps were slower, and
he went along with his head quite upon his breast. Having made
discovery that a man with a broken back may yet have a sound brain, he
was reflecting upon the discovery.
  Forasmuch as it is easy after a calamity has befallen to look back
and see the proofs of its coming strewn along the way, the thought
that he had not even suspected the Egyptian as in Messala's
interest, but had gone blindly on through whole years putting
himself and his friends more and more at her mercy, was a sore wound
to the young man's vanity. "I remember," he said to himself, "she
had no word of indignation for the perfidious Roman at the Fountain of
Castalia! I remember she extolled him at the boat-ride on the lake
in the Orchard of Palms! And, ah!"- he stopped, and beat his left hand
violently with his right- "ah! that mystery about the appointment
she made with me at the Palace of Idernee is no mystery now!"
  The wound, it should be observed, was to his vanity; and fortunately
it is not often that people die of such hurts, or even continue a long
time sick. In Ben-Hur's case, moreover, there was a compensation;
for presently he exclaimed aloud, "Praised be the Lord God that the
woman took not a more lasting hold of me! I see I did not love her."
  Then, as if he had already parted with not a little of the weight on
his mind, he stepped forward more lightly; and, coming to the place on
the terrace where one stairway led down to the court-yard below, and
another ascended to the roof, he took the latter and began to climb.
As he made the last step in the flight he stopped again.
  "Can Balthasar have been her partner in the long mask she has been
playing? No, no. Hypocrisy seldom goes with wrinkled age like that.
Balthasar is a good man."
  With this decided opinion he stepped upon the roof. There was a full
moon overhead, yet the vault of the sky at the moment was lurid with
light cast up from the fires burning in the streets and open places of
the city, and the chanting and chorusing of the old psalmody of Israel
filled it with plaintive harmonies to which he could not but listen.
The countless voices bearing the burden seemed to say, "Thus, O Son of
Judah, we prove our worshipfulness of the Lord God, and our loyalty to
the land he gave us. Let a Gideon appear, or a David, or a Maccabaeus,
and we are ready."
  That seemed an introduction; for next he saw the man of Nazareth.
  In certain moods the mind is disposed to mock itself with inapposite
fancies.
  The tearful woman-like face of the Christ stayed with him while he
crossed the roof to the parapet above the street on the north side
of the house, and there was in it no sign of war; but rather as the
heavens of the calm evenings look peace upon everything, so it looked,
provoking the old question, What manner of man is he?
  Ben-Hur permitted himself one glance over the parapet, then turned
and walked mechanically towards the summer-house.
  "Let them do their worst," he said, as he went slowly on. "I will
not forgive the Roman. I will not divide my fortune with him, nor will
I fly from this city of my fathers; I will call on Galilee first,
and here make the fight. By brave deeds I will bring the tribes to our
side. He who raised up Moses will find us a leader, if I fail. If
not the Nazarene, then some one of the many ready to die for freedom."
  The interior of the summer-house, when Ben-Hur, slow sauntering,
came to it, was murkily lighted. The faintest of shadows lay along the
floor from the pillars on the north and west sides. Looking in, he saw
the arm-chair usually occupied by Simonides drawn to a spot from which
a view of the city over towards the Market-place could be best had.
  "The good man is returned. I will speak with him, unless he be
asleep."
  He walked in, and with a quiet step approached the chair. Peering
over the high back, he beheld Esther nestled in the seat asleep- a
small figure snugged away under her father's lap-robe. The hair
dishevelled fell over her face. Her breathing was low and irregular.
Once it was broken by a long sigh, ending in a sob. Something- it
might have been the sigh or the loneliness in which he found her-
imparted to him the idea that the sleep was a rest from sorrow
rather than fatigue. Nature kindly sends such relief to children,
and he was used to thinking Esther scarcely more than a child. He
put his arms upon the back of the chair, and thought.
  "I will not wake her. I have nothing to tell her- nothing unless-
unless it be my love.... She is a daughter of Judah, and beautiful,
and so unlike the Egyptian; for there it is all vanity, here all
truth; there ambition, here duty; there selfishness, here
self-sacrifice.... Nay, the question is not do I love her, but does
she love me? She was my friend from the beginning. The night on the
terrace at Antioch, how childlike she begged me not to make Rome my
enemy, and had me tell her of the villa by Misenum, and of the life
there! That she should not see I saw her cunning drift I kissed her.
Can she have forgotten the kiss? I have not. I love her.... They do
not know in the city that I have back my people. I shrank from telling
it to the Egyptian; but this little one will rejoice with me over
their restoration, and welcome them with love and sweet services of
hand and heart. She will be to my mother another daughter; in Tirzah
she will find her other self. I would wake her and tell her these
things, but- out on the sorceress of Egypt! Of that folly I could
not command myself to speak. I will go away, and wait another and a
better time. I will wait. Fair Esther, dutiful child, daughter of
Judah!"
  He retired silently as he came.
                        CHAPTER VIII.
                 GETHSEMANE- "WHOM SEEK YE?"

  THE streets were full of people going and coming, or grouped about
the fires roasting meat, and feasting and singing, and happy. The
odour of scorching flesh mixed with the odour of cedar-wood aflame and
smoking loaded the air; and as this was the occasion when every son of
Israel was full brother to every other son of Israel, and
hospitality was without bounds, Ben-Hur was saluted at every step,
while the groups by the fires insisted, "Stay and partake with us.
We are brethren in the love of the Lord." But with thanks to them he
hurried on, intending to take horse at the khan and return to the
tents on the Cedron.
  To make the place, it was necessary for him to cross the
thoroughfare so soon to receive sorrowful Christian perpetuation.
There also the pious celebration was at its height. Looking up the
street, he noticed the flames of torches in motion streaming out
like pennons; then he observed that the singing ceased where the
torches came. His wonder rose to its highest, however, when he
became certain that amidst the smoke and dancing sparks he saw the
keener sparkling of burnished spear-tips, arguing the presence of
Roman soldiers. What were they, the scoffing legionaries, doing in a
Jewish religious procession? The circumstance was unheard of, and he
stayed to see the meaning of it.
  The moon was shining its best; yet, as if the moon and the
torches, and the fires in the street, and the rays streaming from
windows and open doors were not enough to make the way clear, some
of the processionists carried lighted lanterns; and fancying he
discovered a special purpose in the use of such equipments, Ben-Hur
stepped into the street, so close to the line of march as to bring
every one of the company under view while passing. The torches and the
lanterns were being borne by servants, each of whom was armed with a
bludgeon or a sharpened stave. Their present duty seemed to be to pick
out the smoothest paths among the rocks in the street for certain
dignitaries among them- elders and priests; rabbis with long beards,
heavy brows, and beaked noses; men of the class potential in the
councils of Caiaphas and Hannas. Where could they be going? Not to the
Temple, certainly, for the route to the sacred house from Zion, whence
these appeared to be coming, was by the Xystus. And their business- if
peaceful, why the soldiers?
  As the procession began to go by Ben-Hur, his attention was
particularly called to three persons walking together. They were
well towards the front, and the servants who went before them with
lanterns appeared unusually careful in the service. In the person
moving on the left of this group he recognized a chief policeman of
the Temple; the one on the right was a priest; the middle man was
not at first so easily placed, as he walked leaning heavily upon the
arms of the others, and carried his head so low upon his breast as
to hide his face. His appearance was that of a prisoner not yet
recovered from the fright of arrest, or being taken to something
dreadful- to torture or death. The dignitaries helping him on the
right and left, and the attention they gave him, made it clear that if
he were not himself the object moving the party, he was at least in
some way connected with the object- a witness or a guide, possibly
an informer. So if it could be found who he was the business in hand
might be shrewdly guessed. With great assurance, Ben-Hur fell in on
the right of the priest, and walked along with him. Now if the man
would lift his head! And presently he did so, letting the light of the
lanterns strike full in his face- pale, dazed, pinched with dread; the
beard roughed; the eyes filmy, sunken, and despairing. In much going
about following the Nazarene, Ben-Hur had come to know his disciples
as well as the Master; and now, at sight of the dismal countenance, he
cried out- "The 'Scariot!"
  Slowly the head of the man turned until his eyes settled upon
Ben-Hur, and his lips moved as if he were about to speak; but the
priest interfered.
  "Who art thou? Begone!" he said to Ben-Hur, pushing him away.
  The young man took the push good-naturedly, and, waiting an
opportunity, fell into the procession again. Thus he was carried
passively along down the street, through the crowded lowlands
between the hill Bezetha and the Castle of Antonia, and on by the
Bethesda reservoir to the Sheep Gate. There were people everywhere,
and everywhere the people were engaged in sacred observances.
  It being Passover night, the valves of the Gate stood open. The
keepers were off somewhere feasting. In front of the procession as
it passed out unchallenged was the deep gorge of the Cedron, with
Olivet beyond, its dressing of cedar and olive trees darker of the
moonlight silvering all the heavens. Two roads met and merged into the
street at the gate- one from the north-east, the other from Bethany.
Ere Ben-Hur could finish wondering whether he were to go farther,
and if so, which road was to be taken, he was led off down into the
gorge. And still no hint of the purpose of the midnight march.
  Down the gorge and over the bridge at the bottom of it. There was
a great clatter on the floor as the crowd, now a struggling rabble,
passed over, beating and pounding with their clubs and staves. A
little farther, and they turned off to the left in the direction of an
olive orchard enclosed by a stone wall in view from the road.
Ben-Hur knew there was nothing in the place but old gnarled trees, the
grass, and a trough hewn out of a rock for the treading of oil after
the fashion of the country. While, yet more wonder-struck, he was
thinking what could bring such a company at such an hour to a
quarter so lonesome, they were all brought to a stand-still. Voices
called out excitedly in front; a chill sensation ran from man to
man; there was a rapid falling-back, and a blind stumbling over each
other. The soldiers alone kept their order.
  It took Ben-Hur but a moment to disengage himself from the mob and
run forward. There he found a gateway without a gate admitting to
the orchard, and he halted to take in the scene.
  A man in white clothes, and bareheaded, was standing outside the
entrance, his hands crossed before him- a slender, stooping figure,
with long hair and thin face- in an attitude of resignation and
waiting.
  It was the Nazarene!
  Behind him, next the gateway, were the disciples in a group; they
were excited, but no man was ever calmer than he. The torch-light beat
redly upon him, giving his hair a tint ruddier than was natural to it;
yet the expression of the countenance was as usual, all gentleness and
pity.
  Opposite this most unmartial figure stood the rabble, gaping,
silent, awed, cowering- ready at a sign of anger from him to break and
run. And from him to them- then at Judas, conspicuous in their
midst- Ben-Hur looked- one quick glance, and the object of the visit
lay open to his understanding. Here was the betrayer, there the
betrayed; and these with clubs and staves, and the legionaries, were
brought to take him.
  A man may not always tell what he will do until the trial is upon
him. This was the emergency for which Ben-Hur had been for years
preparing. The man to whose security he had devoted himself, and
upon whose life he had been building so largely, was in personal
peril; yet he stood still. Such contradictions are there in human
nature! To say truth, O reader, he was not entirely recovered from the
picture of the Christ before the Gate Beautiful as it had been given
by the Egyptian; and, besides that, the very calmness with which the
mysterious person confronted the mob held him in restraint by
suggesting the possession of a power in reserve more than sufficient
for the peril. Peace and good-will, and love and nonresistance, had
been the burden of the Nazarene's teaching; would he put his preaching
into practice? He was master of life; he could restore it when lost;
he could take it at pleasure. What use would he make of the power now?
Defend himself? And how? A word- a breath- a thought were
sufficient. That there would be some signal exhibition of
astonishing force beyond the natural Ben-Hur believed, and in that
faith waited. And in all this he was still measuring the Nazarene by
himself- by the human standard.
  Presently the clear voice of the Christ arose.
  "Whom seek ye?"
  "Jesus of Nazareth," the priest replied.
  "I am he."
  At these simplest of words, spoken without passion or alarm, the
assailants fell back several steps, the timid among them cowering to
the ground; and they might have let him alone and gone away had not
Judas walked over to him.
  "Hail, master!"
  With this friendly speech he kissed him.
  "Judas," said the Nazarene, mildly, "betrayest thou the Son of man
with a kiss? Wherefore art thou come?"
  Receiving no reply, the Master spoke to the crowd again.
  "Whom seek ye?"
  "Jesus of Nazareth."
  "I have told you that I am he. If, therefore, you seek me, let these
go their way."
  At these words of entreaty the rabbis advanced upon him; and, seeing
their intent, some of the disciples for whom he interceded drew
nearer; one of them cut off a man's ear, but without saving the Master
from being taken. And yet Ben-Hur stood still! Nay, while the officers
were making ready with their ropes the Nazarene was doing his greatest
charity- not the greatest in deed, but the very greatest in
illustration of his forbearance, so far surpassing that of men.
  "Suffer ye thus far," he said to the wounded man, and healed him
with a touch.
  Both friends and enemies were confounded- one side that he could
do such a thing, the other that he would do it under the
circumstances.
  "Surely he will not allow them to bind him!"
  Thus thought Ben-Hur.
  "Put up thy sword into the sheath; the cup which my Father hath
given me, shall I not drink it?" From the offending follower, the
Nazarene turned to his captors. "Are you come out as against a
thief, with swords and staves to take me? I was daily with you in
the Temple, and you took me not; but this is your hour, and the
power of darkness."
  The posse plucked up courage and closed about him; and when
Ben-Hur looked for the faithful they were gone- not one of them
remained.
  The crowd about the deserted man seemed very busy with tongue, hand,
and foot. Over their heads, between the torch-sticks, through the
smoke, sometimes in openings between the restless men, Ben-Hur
caught momentary glimpses of the prisoner. Never had anything struck
him as so piteous, so unfriended, so forsaken! Yet, he thought, the
man could have defended himself- he could have slain his enemies
with a breath, but he would not. What was the cup his father had given
him to drink? And who was the father to be so obeyed? Mystery upon
mystery- not one, but many.
  Directly the mob started in return to the city, the soldiers in
the lead. Ben-Hur became anxious; he was not satisfied with himself.
Where the torches were in the midst of the rabble he knew the Nazarene
was to be found. Suddenly he resolved to see him again. He would ask
him one question.
  Taking off his long outer garment and the handkerchief from his
head, he threw them upon the orchard wall, and started after the
posse, which he boldly joined. Through the stragglers he made way, and
by littles at length reached the man who carried the ends of the
rope with which the prisoner was bound.
  The Nazarene was walking slowly, his head down, his hands bound
behind him; the hair fell thickly over his face, and he stooped more
than usual; apparently he was oblivious to all going on around him. In
advance a few steps were priests and elders talking and occasionally
looking back. When, at length, they were all near the bridge in the
gorge, Ben-Hur took the rope from the servant who had it, and
stepped past him.
  "Master, master!" he said, hurriedly, speaking close to the
Nazarene's ear. "Dost thou hear, master? A word- one word. Tell me- "
  The fellow from whom he had taken the rope now claimed it.
  "Tell me," Ben-Hur continued, "goest thou with these of thine own
accord?"
  The people were come up now, and in his own ears asking angrily,
"Who art thou, man?"
  "O master," Ben-Hur made haste to say, his voice sharp with anxiety,
"I am thy friend and lover. Tell me, I pray thee, if I bring rescue,
wilt thou accept it?"
  The Nazarene never so much as looked up or allowed the slightest
sign of recognition; yet the something which when we are suffering
is always telling it to such as look at us, though they be
strangers, failed not now. "Let him alone," it seemed to say; "he
has been abandoned by his friends; the world has denied him; in
bitterness of spirit he has taken farewell of men; he is going he
knows not where, and he cares not. Let him alone."
  And to that Ben-Hur was now driven. A dozen hands were upon him, and
from all sides there was shouting, "He is one of them. Bring him
along; club him- kill him!"
  With a gust of passion which gave him many times his ordinary force,
Ben-Hur raised himself, turned once about with his arms
outstretched, shook the hands off, and rushed through the circle which
was fast hemming him in. The hands snatching at him as he passed
tore his garments from his back, so he ran off the road naked; and the
gorge, in keeping of the friendly darkness, darker there than
elsewhere, received him safe.
  Reclaiming his handkerchief and outer garments from the orchard
wall, he followed back to the city gate; thence he went to the khan,
and on the good horse rode to the tents of his people out by the Tombs
of the Kings.
  As he rode, he promised himself to see the Nazarene on the morrow-
promised it, not knowing that the unfriended man was taken straightway
to the house of Hannas to be tried that night.
  The heart the young man carried to his couch beat so heavily he
could not sleep; for now clearly his renewed Judean kingdom resolved
itself into what it was- only a dream. It is bad enough to see our
castles overthrown one after another with an interval between in which
to recover from the shock, or at least let the echoes of the fall
die away; but when they go altogether- go as ships sink, as houses
tumble in earthquakes- the spirits which endure it calmly are made
of stuffs sterner than common, and Ben-Hur's was not of them.
Through vistas in the future he began to catch glimpses of a life
serenely beautiful, with a home instead of a palace of state, and
Esther its mistress. Again and again through the leaden-footed hours
of the night he saw the villa by Misenum, and with his little
countrywoman strolled through the garden, and rested in the panelled
atrium; overhead the Neapolitan sky, at their feet the sunniest of
sun-lands and the bluest of bays.
  In plainest speech, he was entering upon a crisis with which
to-morrow and the Nazarene will have everything to do.
                        CHAPTER IX.
                     THE GOING TO CALVARY.

  NEXT morning, about the second hour, two men rode full speed to
the doors of Ben-Hur's tents, and dismounting, asked to see him. He
was not yet risen, but gave directions for their admission.
  "Peace to you, brethren," he said, for they were of his Galileans,
and trusted officers. "Will you be seated?"
  "Nay," the senior replied, bluntly, "to sit and be at ease is to let
the Nazarene die. Rise, son of Judah, and go with us. The judgment has
been given. The tree of the cross is already at Golgotha."
  Ben-Hur stared at them.
  "The cross!" was all he could for the moment say.
  "They took him last night, and tried him," the man continued. "At
dawn they led him before Pilate. Twice the Roman denied his guilt;
twice he refused to give him over. At last he washed his hands, and
said, 'Be it upon you then;' and they answered- "
  "Who answered?"
  "They- the priests and people- 'His blood be upon us and our
children.'"
  "Holy father Abraham!" cried Ben-Hur; "a Roman kinder to an
Israelite than his own kin! And if- ah, if he should indeed be the son
of God, what shall ever wash his blood from their children? It must
not be- 'tis time to fight!"
  His face brightened with resolution, and he clapped his hands.
  "The horses- and quickly!" he said to the Arab who answered the
signal. "And bid Amrah send me fresh garments, and bring my sword!
It is time to die for Israel, my friends. Tarry without till I come."
  He ate a crust, drank a cup of wine, and was soon upon the road.
  "Whither would you go first?" asked the Galilean.
  "To collect the legions."
  "Alas!" the man replied, throwing up his hands.
  "Why alas?"
  "Master"- the man spoke with shame- "master, I and my friend here
are all that are faithful. The rest do follow the priests."
  "Seeking what?" and Ben-Hur drew rein.
  "To kill him."
  "Not the Nazarene?"
  "You have said it."
  Ben-Hur looked slowly from one man to the other. He was hearing
again the question of the night before- "The cup my Father hath
given me, shall I not drink it?" In the ear of the Nazarene he was
putting his own question, "If I bring thee rescue, wilt thou accept
it?" He was saying to himself, "This death may not be averted. The man
has been travelling towards it with full knowledge from the day he
began his mission: it is imposed by a will higher than his; whose
but the Lord's! If he is consenting, if he goes to it voluntarily,
what shall another do?" Nor less did Ben-Hur see the failure of the
scheme he had built upon the fidelity of the Galileans; their
desertion, in fact, left nothing more of it. But how singular it
should happen that morning of all others! A dread seized him. It was
possible his scheming, and labour, and expenditure of treasure might
have been but blasphemous contention with God. When he picked up the
reins and said, "Let us go, brethren," all before him was uncertainty.
The faculty of resolving quickly, without which one cannot be a hero
in the midst of stirring scenes, was numb within him.
  "Let us go, brethren; let us to Golgotha."
  They passed through excited crowds of people going south, like
themselves. All the country north of the city seemed aroused and in
motion.
  Hearing that the procession with the condemned might be met with
somewhere near the great white towers left by Herod, the three friends
rode thither, passing round south-east of Akra. In the valley below
the Pool of Hezekiah, passage-way against the multitude became
impossible, and they were compelled to dismount, and take shelter
behind the corner of a house and wait.
  The waiting was as if they were on a river bank, watching a flood go
by, for such the people seemed.
  There are certain chapters in the First Book of this story which
were written to give the reader an idea of the composition of the
Jewish nationality as it was in the time of Christ. They were also
written in anticipation of this hour and scene; so that he who has
read them with attention can now see all Ben-Hur saw of the going to
the crucifixion- a rare and wonderful sight!
  Half-an-hour- an hour- the flood surged by Ben-Hur and his
companions, within arm's reach, incessant, undiminished. At the end of
that time he could have said, "I have seen all the castes of
Jerusalem, all the sects of Judea, all the tribes of Israel, and all
the nationalities of earth represented by them." The Libyan Jew went
by, and the Jew of Egypt, and the Jew from the Rhine; in short, Jews
from all East countries and all West countries, and all islands within
commercial connection; they went by on foot, on horseback, on
camels, in litters and chariots, and with an infinite variety of
costumes, yet with the same marvellous similitude of features which
to-day particularizes the children of Israel, tried as they have
been by climates and modes of life; they went by speaking all known
tongues, for by that means only were they distinguishable group for
group; they went by in haste- eager, anxious, crowding- all to
behold one poor Nazarene die, a felon between felons.
  These were the many, but they were not all.
  Borne along with the stream were thousands not Jews- thousands
hating and despising them- Greeks, Romans, Arabs, Syrians, Africans,
Egyptians, Easterns. So that, studying the mass, it seemed the whole
world was to be represented, and, in that sense, present at the
crucifixion.
  The going was singularly quiet. A hoof-stroke upon a rock, the glide
and rattle of revolving wheels, voices in conversation, and now and
then a calling voice, were all the sounds heard above the rustle of
the mighty movement. Yet was there upon every countenance the look
with which men make haste to see some dreadful sight, some sudden
wreck, or ruin, or calamity of war. And by such signs Ben-Hur judged
that these were the strangers in the city come up to the Passover, who
had had no part in the trial of the Nazarene, and might be his
friends.
  At length, from the direction of the great towers, Ben-Hur heard, at
first faint in the distance, a shouting of many men.
  "Hark! they are coming now," said one of his friends.
  The people in the street halted to hear; but as the cry rang on over
their heads, they looked at each other, and in shuddering silence
moved along.
  The shouting drew nearer each moment; and the air was already full
of it and trembling, when Ben-Hur saw the servants of Simonides coming
with their master in his chair, and Esther walking by his side; a
covered litter was next behind them.
  "Peace to you, O Simonides- and to you, Esther," said Ben-Hur,
meeting them. "If you are for Golgotha, stay until the procession
passes; I will then go with you. There is room to turn in by the house
here."
  The merchant's large head rested heavily upon his breast; rousing
himself, he answered, "Speak to Balthasar; his pleasure will be
mine. He is in the litter."
  Ben-Hur hastened to draw aside the curtain. The Egyptian was lying
within, his wan face so pinched as to appear like a dead man's. The
proposal was submitted to him.
  "Can we see him?" he inquired, faintly.
  "The Nazarene? yes; he must pass within a few feet of us."
  "Dear Lord!" the old man cried, fervently. "Once more, once more!
Oh, it is a dreadful day for the world!"
  Shortly the whole party were in waiting under shelter of the
house. They said but little, afraid, probably, to trust their thoughts
to each other; everything was uncertain, and nothing so much so as
opinions. Balthasar drew himself feebly from the litter, and stood
supported by a servant; Esther and Ben-Hur kept Simonides company.
  Meantime the flood poured along, if anything, more densely than
before; and the shouting came nearer, shrill up in the air, hoarse
along the earth, and cruel. At last the procession was up.
  "See!" said Ben-Hur, bitterly; "that which cometh now is Jerusalem."
  The advance was in possession of an army of boys, hooting and
screaming, "The King of the Jews! Room, room for the King of the
Jews!"
  Simonides watched them as they whirled and danced along, like a
cloud of summer insects, and said, gravely, "When these come to
their inheritance, son of Hur, alas for the city of Solomon!"
  A band of legionaries fully armed followed next, marching in
sturdy indifference, the glory of burnished brass about them the
while.
  Then came the NAZARENE.
  He was nearly dead. Every few steps he staggered as if he would
fall. A stained gown badly torn hung from his shoulders over a
seamless under-tunic. His bare feet left red splotches upon the
stones. An inscription on a board was tied to his neck. A crown of
thorns had been crushed hard down upon his head, making cruel wounds
from which streams of blood, now dry and blackened, had run over his
face and neck. The long hair, tangled in the thorns, was clotted
thick. The skin, where it could be seen, was ghastly white. His
hands were tied before him. Back somewhere in the city he had fallen
exhausted under the transverse beam of his cross, which, as a
condemned person, custom required him to bear to the place of
execution; now a countryman carried the burden in his stead. Four
soldiers went with him as a guard against the mob, who sometimes,
nevertheless, broke through, and struck him with sticks, and spit upon
him. Yet no sound escaped him, neither remonstrance nor groan; nor did
he look up until he was nearly in front of the house sheltering
Ben-Hur and his friends, all of whom were moved with quick compassion.
Esther clung to her father; and he, strong of will as he was,
trembled. Balthasar fell down speechless. Even Ben-Hur cried out, "O
my God! my God!" Then, as if he divined their feelings or heard the
exclamation, the Nazarene turned his wan face towards the party, and
looked at them each one, so they carried the look in memory through
life. They could see he was thinking of them, not himself, and the
dying eyes gave them the blessing he was not permitted to speak.
  "Where are thy legions, son of Hur?" asked Simonides, aroused.
  "Hannas can tell thee better than I."
  "What, faithless?"
  "All but these two."
  "Then all is lost, and this good man must die!"
  The face of the merchant knit convulsively as he spoke, and his head
sank upon his breast. He had borne his part in Ben-Hur's labours well,
and he had been inspired by the same hopes, now blown out never to
be rekindled.
  Two other men succeeded the Nazarene, bearing cross-beams.
  "Who are these?" Ben-Hur asked of the Galileans.
  "Thieves appointed to die with the Nazarene," they replied.
  Next in the procession stalked a mitred figure clad all in the
golden vestments of the high-priest. Policemen from the Temple
curtained him round about; and after him, in order, strode the
sanhedrim, and a long array of priests, the latter in their plain
white garments overwrapped by abnets of many folds and gorgeous
colours.
  "The son-in-law of Hannas," said Ben-Hur, in a low voice.
  "Caiaphas! I have seen him," Simonides replied, adding, after a
pause during which he thoughtfully watched the haughty pontiff, "and
now am I convinced. With such assurance as proceeds from clear
enlightenment of the spirit- with absolute assurance- now know I
that he who first goes yonder with the inscription about his neck is
what the inscription proclaims him- KING OF THE JEWS. A common man, an
impostor, a felon was never thus waited upon. For look! Here are the
nations- Jerusalem, Israel. Here is the ephod, here the blue robe with
its fringe, and purple pomegranates, and golden bells, not seen in the
street since the day Jaddua went out to meet the Macedonian- proofs
all that this Nazarene is King. Would I could rise and go after him!"
  Ben-Hur listened surprised; and directly, as if himself awakening to
his unusual display of feeling, Simonides said, impatiently-
  "Speak to Balthasar, I pray you, and let us begone. The vomit of
Jerusalem is coming."
  Then Esther spoke.
  "I see some women there, and they are weeping. Who are they?"
  Following the pointing of her hand, the party beheld four women in
tears; one of them leaned upon the arm of a man of aspect not unlike
the Nazarene's. Presently Ben-Hur answered-
  "The man is the disciple whom the Nazarene loves the best of all;
she who leans upon his arm is Mary, the Master's mother; the others
are friendly women of Galilee."
  Esther pursued the mourners with glistening eyes, until the
multitude received them out of sight.
  It may be the reader will fancy the foregoing snatches of
conversation were had in quiet; but it was not so. The talking was,
for the most part, like that indulged by people at the seaside under
the sound of the surf; for to nothing else can the clamour of this
division of the mob be so well likened.
  The demonstration was the forerunner of those in which, scarce
thirty years later, under rule of the factions, the Holy City was torn
to pieces; it was quite as great in numbers, as fanatical and
bloodthirsty; boiled and raved, and had in it exactly the same
elements- servants, camel-drivers, marketmen, gate-keepers, gardeners,
dealers in fruits and wines, proselytes, and foreigners not
proselytes, watchmen and menials from the Temple, thieves, robbers,
and the myriad not assignable to any class, but who, on such occasions
as this, appeared no one could say whence, hungry and smelling of
caves and old tombs- bareheaded wretches with naked arms and legs,
hair and beard in uncombed mats, and each with one garment the
colour of clay; beasts with abysmal mouths, in outcry effective as
lions calling each other across desert spaces. Some of them had
swords; a greater number flourished spears and javelins; though the
weapons of the many were staves and knotted clubs, and slings, for
which latter selected stones were stored in scrips, and sometimes in
sacks improvised from the foreskirt of their dirty tunics. Among the
mass here and there appeared persons of high degree- scribes,
elders, rabbis, Pharisees with broad fringing, Sadducees in fine
cloaks- serving for the time as prompters and directors. If a throat
tired of one cry, they invented another for it; if brassy lungs showed
signs of collapse, they set them going again; and yet the clamour,
loud and continuous as it was, could have been reduced to a few
syllables- King of the Jews!- Room for the King of the Jews!-
Defiler of the Temple!- Blasphemer of God!- Crucify him, crucify
him! And of these cries the last one seemed in greatest favour,
because, doubtless, it was more directly expressive of the wish of the
mob, and helped to better articulate its hatred of the Nazarene.
  "Come," said Simonides, when Balthasar was ready to proceed-
"come, let us forward."
  Ben-Hur did not hear the call. The appearance of the part of the
procession then passing, its brutality and hunger for life, were
reminding him of the Nazarene- his gentleness, and the many
charities he had seen him do for suffering men. Suggestions beget
suggestions, so he remembered suddenly his own great indebtedness to
the man; the time he himself was in the hands of a Roman guard
going, as was supposed, to a death as certain and almost as terrible
as this one of the cross; the cooling drink he had at the well by
Nazareth, and the divine expression of the face of him who gave it;
the later goodness, the miracle of Palm-Sunday; and with these
recollections, the thought of his present powerlessness to give back
help for help or make return in kind stung him keenly, and he
accused himself. He had not done all he might; he could have watched
with the Galileans, and kept them true and ready; and this- ah! this
was the moment to strike! A blow well given now would not merely
disperse the mob and set the Nazarene free; it would be a trumpet-call
to Israel, and precipitate the long-dreamt-of war for freedom. The
opportunity was going; the minutes were bearing it away; and if
lost! God of Abraham! Was there nothing to be done- nothing?
  That instant a party of Galileans caught his eye. He rushed
through the press and overtook them.
  "Follow me," he said. "I would have speech with you."
  The men obeyed him, and when they were under shelter of the house,
he spoke again-
  "You are of those who took my swords, and agreed with me to strike
for freedom and the King who was coming. You have the swords now,
and now is the time to strike with them. Go, look everywhere, and find
our brethren, and tell them to meet me at the tree of the cross making
ready for the Nazarene. Haste all of you! Nay, stand not so! The
Nazarene is the King, and freedom dies with him."
  They looked at him respectfully, but did not move.
  "Hear you?" he asked.
  Then one of them replied-
  "Son of Judah"- by that name they knew him- "son of Judah, it is you
who are deceived, not we or our brethren who have your swords. The
Nazarene is not the King; neither has he the spirit of a king. We were
with him when he came into Jerusalem; we saw him in the Temple; he
failed himself, and us, and Israel; at the Gate Beautiful he turned
his back upon God and refused the throne of David. He is not King, and
Galilee is not with him. He shall die the death. But hear you, son
of Judah. We have your swords, and we are ready now to draw them and
strike for freedom; and so is Galilee. Be it for freedom, O son of
Judah, for freedom! and we will meet you at the tree of the cross."
  The sovereign moment of his life was upon Ben-Hur. Could he have
taken the offer and said the word, history might have been other
than it is; but then it would have been history ordered by men, not
God- something that never was, and never will be. A confusion fell
upon him; he knew not how, though afterwards he attributed it to the
Nazarene; for when the Nazarene was risen, he understood the death was
necessary to faith in the resurrection, without which Christianity
would be an empty husk. The confusion, as has been said, left him
without the faculty of decision; he stood, helpless- wordless even.
Covering his face with his hand, he shook with the conflict between
his wish, which was what he would have ordered, and the power that was
upon him.
  "Come; we are waiting for you," said Simonides, the fourth time.
  Thereupon he walked mechanically after the chair and the litter.
Esther walked with him. Like Balthasar and his friends, the Wise
Men, the day they went to the meeting in the desert, he was being
led along the way.
                        CHAPTER X.
                    THE CRUCIFIXION.

  WHEN the party- Balthasar, Simonides, Ben-Hur, Esther, and the two
faithful Galileans- reached the place of crucifixion, Ben-Hur was in
advance leading them. How they had been able to make way through the
great press of excited people, he never knew; no more did he know
the road by which they came or the time it took them to come. He had
walked in total unconsciousness, neither hearing nor seeing anybody or
anything, and without a thought of where he was going, or the
ghostliest semblance of a purpose in his mind. In such condition a
little child could have done as much as he to prevent the awful
crime he was about to witness. The intentions of God are always
strange to us; but not more so than the means by which they are
wrought out, and at last made plain to our belief.
  Ben-Hur came to a stop; those following him also stopped. As a
curtain rises before an audience, the spell holding him in its
sleep- awake rose, and he saw with a clear understanding.
  There was a space upon the top of a low knoll rounded like a
skull, and dry, dusty, and without vegetation, except some scrubby
hyssop. The boundary of the space was a living wall of men, with men
behind struggling, some to look over, others to look through it. An
inner wall of Roman soldiery held the dense outer wall rigidly to
its place. A centurion kept eye upon the soldiers. Up to the very line
so vigilantly guarded Ben-Hur had been led; at the line he now
stood, his face to the north-west. The knoll was the old Aramaic
Golgotha- in Latin, Calvaria; anglicized, Calvary; translated, The
Skull.
  On its slopes, in the low places, on the swells and higher hills,
the earth sparkled with a strange enamelling. Look where he would
outside the walled space, he saw no patch of brown soil, no rock, no
green thing; he saw only thousands of eyes in ruddy faces; off a
little way in the perspective only ruddy faced without eyes; off a
little farther only a broad, broad circle, which the nearer view
instructed him was also of faces. And this was the ensemble of three
millions of people; under it three millions of hearts throbbing with
passionate interest in what was taking place upon the knoll;
indifferent as to the thieves, caring only for the Nazarene, and for
him only as he was an object of hate or fear or curiosity- he who
loved them all, and was about to die for them.
  In the spectacle of a great assemblage of people there are always
the bewilderment and fascination one feels while looking over a
stretch of sea in agitation, and never had this one been exceeded; yet
Ben-Hur gave it but a passing glance, for that which was going on in
the space described would permit no division of his interest.
  Up on the knoll so high as to be above the living wall, and
visible over the heads of an attending company of notables,
conspicuous because of his mitre and vestments and his haughty air,
stood the high-priest. Up the knoll still higher, up quite to the
round summit, so as to be seen far and near, was the Nazarene, stooped
and suffering, but silent. The wit among the guard had complemented
the crown upon his head by putting a reed in his hand for a sceptre.
Clamours blew upon him like blasts- laughter- execrations- sometimes
both together indistinguishably. A man- only a man, O reader, would
have charged the blasts with the remainder of his love for the race,
and let it go forever.
  All the eyes then looking were fixed upon the Nazarene. It may
have been pity with which he was moved; whatever the cause, Ben-Hur
was conscious of a change in his feelings. A conception of something
better than the best of this life- something so much better that it
could serve a weak man with strength to endure agonies of spirit as
well as of body; something to make death welcome- perhaps another life
purer than this one- perhaps the spirit-life which Balthasar held to
so fast, began to dawn upon his mind clearer and clearer, bringing
to him a certain sense that, after all, the mission of the Nazarene
was that of guide across the boundary for such as loved him; across
the boundary to where his kingdom was set up and waiting for him.
Then, as something borne through the air out of the almost
forgotten, he heard again, or seemed to hear, the saying of the
Nazarene-

           "I AM THE RESURRECTION AND THE LIFE."

And the words repeated themselves over and over, and took form, and
the dawn touched them with its light, and filled them with a new
meaning. And as men repeat a question to grasp and fix the meaning, he
asked, gazing at the figure on the hill fainting under its crown,
Who the Resurrection? and who the Life?

                        "I AM,"

the figure seemed to say- and say it for him; for instantly he was
sensible of a peace such as he had never known- the peace which is the
end of doubt and mystery, and the beginning of faith and love and
clear understanding.
  From this dreamy state Ben-Hur was aroused by the sound of
hammering. On the summit of the knoll he observed then what had
escaped him before- some soldiers and workmen preparing the crosses.
The holes for planting the trees were ready, and now the transverse
beams were being fitted to their places.
  "Bid the men make haste," said the high-priest to the centurion.
"These"- and he pointed to the Nazarene- "must be dead by the
going-down of the sun, and buried, that the land may not be defiled.
Such is the Law."
  With a better mind, a soldier went to the Nazarene and offered him
something to drink, but he refused the cup. Then another went to him
and took from his neck the board with the inscription upon it, which
he nailed to the tree of the cross- and the preparation was complete.
  "The crosses are ready," said the centurion to the pontiff, who
received the report with a wave of the hand and the reply-
  "Let the blasphemer go first. The Son of God should be able to
save himself. We will see."
  The people to whom the preparation in its several stages was
visible, and who to this time had assailed the hill with incessant
cries of impatience, permitted a lull which directly became a
universal hush. The part of the infliction most shocking, at least
to the thought, was reached- the men were to be nailed to their
crosses. When for that purpose the soldiers laid their hands upon
the Nazarene first, a shudder passed through the great concourse;
the most brutalized shrank with dread. Afterwards there were those who
said the air suddenly chilled and made them shiver.
  "How very still it is!" Esther said, as she put her arm about her
father's neck.
  And remembering the torture he himself had suffered, he drew her
face down upon his breast, and sat trembling.
  "Avoid it, Esther, avoid it!" he said, "I know not but all who stand
and see it- the innocent as well as the guilty- may be cursed from
this hour."
  Balthasar sank upon his knees.
  "Son of Hur," said Simonides, with increasing excitement- "son of
Hur, if Jehovah stretch not forth his hand, and quickly, Israel is
lost- and we are lost."
  Ben-Hur answered, calmly, "I have been in a dream, Simonides, and
heard in it why all this should be, and why it should go on. It is the
will of the Nazarene- it is God's will. Let us do as the Egyptian
here- let us hold our peace and pray."
  As he looked up on the knoll again, the words were wafted to him
through the awful stillness-

           "I AM THE RESURRECTION AND THE LIFE."

He bowed reverently as to a person speaking.
  Up on the summit meantime the work went on. The guard took the
Nazarene's clothes from him; so that he stood before the millions
naked. The stripes of the scourging he had received in the early
morning were still bloody upon his back; yet he was laid pitilessly
down, and stretched upon the cross- first, the arms upon the
transverse beam; the spikes were sharp- a few blows, and they were
driven through the tender palms; next, they drew his knees up until
the soles of the feet rested flat upon the tree; then they placed
one foot upon the other, and one spike fixed both of them fast. The
dulled sound of the hammering was heard outside the guarded space; and
such as could not hear, yet saw the hammer as it fell, shivered with
fear. And withal not a groan, or cry, or word of remonstrance from the
sufferer: nothing at which an enemy could laugh; nothing a lover could
regret.
  "Which way wilt thou have him faced?" asked a soldier, bluntly.
  "Towards the Temple," the pontiff replied. "In dying I would have
him see the holy house hath not suffered by him."
  The workmen put their hands to the cross, and carried it, burden and
all, to the place of planting. At a word they dropped the tree, into
the hole; and the body of the Nazarene also dropped heavily and hung
by the bleeding hands. Still no cry of pain- only the exclamation
divinest of all recorded exclamations-
  "Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do."
  The cross, reared now above all other objects, and standing singly
out against the sky, was greeted with a burst of delight; and all
who could see and read the writing upon the board over the
Nazarene's head made haste to decipher it. Soon as read, the legend
was adopted by them and communicated, and presently the whole mighty
concourse was ringing the salutation from side to side, and
repeating it with laughter and groans-
  "King of the Jews! Hail, King of the Jews!"
  The pontiff, with a clearer idea of the import of the inscription,
protested against it, but in vain; so the titled King, looking from
the knoll with dying eyes, must have had the city of his fathers at
rest below him- she who had so ignominiously cast him out.
  The sun was rising rapidly to noon; the hills bared their brown
breasts lovingly to it; the more distant mountains rejoiced in the
purple with which it so regally dressed them. In the city, the
temples, palaces, towers, pinnacles, and all points of beauty and
prominence, seemed to lift themselves into the unrivalled
brilliance, as if they knew the pride they were giving the many who
from time to time turned to look at them. Suddenly a dimness began
to fill the sky and cover the earth- at first no more than a scarce
perceptible fading of the day; a twilight out of time; an evening
gliding in upon the splendours of noon. But it deepened, and
directly drew attention; whereat the noise of the shouting and
laughter fell off, and men, doubting their senses, gazed at each other
curiously: then they looked to the sun again; then at the mountains,
getting farther away; at the sky and the near landscape, sinking in
shadow; at the hill upon which the tragedy was enacting; and from
all these they gazed at each other again, and turned pale, and held
their peace.
  "It is only a mist or passing cloud," Simonides said soothingly to
Esther, who was alarmed. "It will brighten presently."
  Ben-Hur did not think so.
  "It is not a mist or a cloud," he said. "The spirits who live in the
air- the prophets and saints- are at work in mercy to themselves and
nature. I say to you, O Simonides, truly as God lives, he who hangs
yonder is the Son of God."
  And leaving Simonides lost in wonder at such a speech from him, he
went where Balthasar was kneeling near by, and laid his hand upon
the good man's shoulder.
  "O wise Egyptian, hearken! Thou alone wert right- the Nazarene is
indeed the Son of God."
  Balthasar drew him down to him, and replied, feebly "I saw him a
child in the manger where he was first laid; it is not strange that
I knew him sooner than thou; but oh that I should live to see this
day! Would I had died with my brethren! Happy Melchior! Happy, happy
Gaspar!"
  "Comfort thee!" said Ben-Hur. "Doubtless they too are here."
  The dimness went on deepening into obscurity, and that into positive
darkness, but without deterring the bolder spirits upon the knoll. One
after the other the thieves were raised on their crosses, and the
crosses planted. The guard was then withdrawn, and the people set free
closed in upon the height, and surged up it, like a converging wave. A
man might take a look, when a new-comer would push him on, and take
his place, to be in turn pushed on- and there were laughter and
ribaldry and revilements, all for the Nazarene.
  "Ha, ha! If thou be King of the Jews, save thyself," a soldier
shouted.
  "Ay," said a priest, "if he will come down to us now, we will
believe in him."
  Others wagged their heads wisely saying, "He would destroy the
Temple, and rebuild it in three days, but cannot save himself."
  Others still- "He called himself the Son of God; let us see if God
will have him."
  What all there is in prejudice no one has ever said. The Nazarene
had never harmed the people; far the greater part of them had never
seen him except in this his hour of calamity; yet- singular
contrariety!- they loaded him with their curses, and gave their
sympathy to the thieves.
  The supernatural night, dropped thus from the heavens, affected
Esther as it began to affect thousands of others braver and stronger.
  "Let us go home," she prayed- twice, three times- saying, "it is the
frown of God, father. What other dreadful things may happen, who can
tell? I am afraid."
  Simonides was obstinate. He said little, but was plainly under great
excitement. Observing, about the end of the first hour, that the
violence of the crowding up on the knoll was somewhat abated, at his
suggestion the party advanced to take position nearer the crosses.
Ben-Hur gave his arm to Balthasar; yet the Egyptian made the ascent
with difficulty. From their new stand the Nazarene was imperfectly
visible, appearing to them not more than a dark suspended figure. They
could hear him, however- hear his sighing, which showed an endurance
or exhaustion greater than that of his fellow-sufferers; for they
filled every lull in the noises with their groans and entreaties.
  The second hour after the suspension passed like the first one. To
the Nazarene they were hours of insult, provocation, and slow dying.
He spoke but once in the time. Some women came and knelt at the foot
of his cross. Among them he recognized his mother with the beloved
disciple.
  "Woman," he said, raising his voice, "behold thy son!" And to the
disciple, "Behold thy mother!"
  The third hour came, and still the people surged round the hill,
held to it by some strange attraction, with which, in probability, the
night in midday had much to do. They were quieter than in the
preceding hour; yet at intervals they could be heard off in the
darkness shouting to each other, multitude calling unto multitude.
It was noticeable, also, that coming now to the Nazarene, they
approached his cross in silence, took the look in silence, and so
departed. This change extended even to the guard, who so shortly
before had cast lots for the clothes of the crucified; they stood with
their officers a little apart, more watchful of the one convict than
of the throngs coming and going. If he but breathed heavily, or tossed
his head in a paroxysm of pain, they were instantly on the alert. Most
marvellous of all, however, was the altered behaviour of the
high-priest and his following, the wise men who had assisted him in
the trial in the night, and, in the victim's face, kept place by him
with zealous approval. When the darkness began to fall, they began
to lose their confidence. There were among them many learned in
astronomy, and familiar with the apparitions so terrible in those days
to the masses; much of the knowledge was descended to them from
their fathers far back; some of it had been brought away at the end of
the Captivity; and the necessities of the Temple service kept it all
bright. These closed together when the sun commenced to fade before
their eyes, and the mountains and hills to recede; they drew
together in a group around their pontiff, and debated what they saw.
"The moon is at its full," they said, with truth, "and this cannot
be an eclipse." Then, as no one could answer the question common
with them all- as no one could account for the darkness, or for its
occurrence at that particular time- in their secret hearts they
associated it with the Nazarene, and yielded to an alarm which the
long continuance of the phenomenon steadily increased. In their
place behind the soldiers they noted every word and motion of the
Nazarene, and hung with fear upon his sighs, and talked in whispers.
The man might be the Messiah, and then- But they would wait and see!
  In the meantime Ben-Hur was not once visited by the old spirit.
The perfect peace abode with him. He prayed simply that the end
might be hastened. He knew the condition of Simonides' mind- that he
was hesitating on the verge of belief. He could see the massive face
weighed down by solemn reflection. He noticed him casting inquiring
glances at the sun, as seeking the cause of the darkness. Nor did he
fail to notice the solicitude with which Esther clung to him,
smothering her fears to accommodate his wishes.
  "Be not afraid," he heard him say to her; "but stay and watch with
me. Thou mayst live twice the span of my life, and see nothing of
human interest equal to this; and there may be revelations more. Let
us stay to the close."
  When the third hour was about half gone, some men of the rudest
class- wretches from the tombs about the city- came and stopped in
front of the centre cross.
  "This is he, the new King of the Jews," said one of them.
  The others cried, with laughter, "Hail, all hail, King of the Jews!"
  Receiving no reply, they went closer.
  "If thou be King of the Jews, or Son of God, come down," they
said, loudly.
  At this, one of the thieves quit groaning, and called to the
Nazarene, "Yes, if thou be Christ, save thyself and us."
  The people laughed and applauded; then, while they were listening
for a reply, the other felon was heard to say to the first one,
"Dost thou not fear God? We receive the due rewards of our deeds;
but this man hath done nothing amiss."
  The bystanders were astonished; in the midst of the hush which
ensued, the second felon spoke again, but this time to the Nazarene-
  "Lord," he said, "remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom."
  Simonides gave a great start. "When thou comest into thy kingdom!"
It was the very point of doubt in his mind; the point he had so
often debated with Balthasar.
  "Didst thou hear?" said Ben-Hur to him. "The kingdom cannot be of
this world. Yon witness saith the King is but going to his kingdom;
and, in effect, I heard the same in my dream."
  "Hush!" said Simonides, more imperiously than ever before in
speech to Ben-Hur. "Hush, I pray thee. If the Nazarene should
answer- "
  And as he spoke the Nazarene did answer, in a clear voice, full of
confidence-
  "Verily I say unto thee, To-day shalt thou be with me in Paradise!"
  Simonides waited to hear if that were all; then he folded his
hands and said, "No more, no more, Lord! The darkness is gone; I see
with other eyes- even as Balthasar, I see with eyes of perfect faith."
  The faithful servant had at last his fitting reward. His broken body
might never be restored; nor was there riddance of the recollection of
his sufferings, or recall of the years imbittered by them; but
suddenly a new life was shown him, with assurance that it was for him-
a new life lying just beyond this one- and its name was Paradise.
There he would find the Kingdom of which he had been dreaming, and the
King. A perfect peace fell upon him.
  Over the way, in front of the cross, however, there were surprise
and consternation. The cunning casuists there put the assumption
underlying the question and the admission underlying the answer
together. For saying through the land that he was the Messiah, they
had brought the Nazarene to the cross; and, lo! on the cross, more
confidently than ever, he had not only reasserted himself, but
promised enjoyment of his Paradise to a malefactor. They trembled at
what they were doing. The pontiff, with all his pride, was afraid.
Where got the man his confidence except from Truth? And what should
the Truth be but God? A very little now would put them all to flight.
  The breathing of the Nazarene grew harder; his sighs became great
gasps. Only three hours upon the cross, and he was dying!
  The intelligence was carried from man to man, until every one knew
it; and then everything hushed; the breeze faltered and died; a
stifling vapour loaded the air; heat was superadded to darkness; nor
might any one unknowing the fact have thought that off the hill, out
under the overhanging pall, there were three millions of people
waiting awe-struck what should happen next- they were so still!
  Then there went out through the gloom, over the heads of such as
were on the hill within hearing of the dying man, a cry of despair, if
not reproach-
  "My God! my God! why hast thou forsaken me?"
  The voice startled all who heard it. One it touched uncontrollably.
  The soldiers in coming had brought with them a vessel of wine and
water, and set it down a little way from Ben-Hur. With a sponge dipped
into the liquor, and put on the end of a stick, they could moisten the
tongue of a sufferer at their pleasure. Ben-Hur thought of the draught
he had had at the well near Nazareth; an impulse seized him;
catching up the sponge, he dipped it into the vessel, and started
for the cross.
  "Let him be!" the people in the way shouted, angrily. "Let him be!"
  Without minding them, he ran on, and put the sponge to the
Nazarene's lips. Too late, too late!
  The face then plainly seen by Ben-Hur, bruised and black with
blood and dust as it was, lighted nevertheless with a sudden glow; the
eyes opened wide, and fixed upon some one visible to them alone in the
far heavens; and there were content and relief, even triumph, in the
shout the victim gave-
  "It is finished! It is finished!"
  So a hero, dying in the doing a great deed, celebrates his success
with a last cheer.
  The light in the eyes went out; slowly the crowned head sank upon
the labouring breast. Ben-Hur thought the struggle over; but the
fainting soul recollected itself, so that he and those around him
caught the other and last words, spoken in a low voice, as if to one
listening close by-
  "Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit."
  A tremor shook the tortured body; there was a scream of fiercest
anguish, and the mission and the earthly life were over at once. The
heart, with all its love, was broken; for of that, O reader, the man
died!
  Ben-Hur went back to his friends, saying, simply, "It is over; he is
dead."
  In a space incredibly short the multitude was informed of the
circumstance. No one repeated it aloud; there was a murmur which
spread from the knoll in every direction; a murmur that was little
more than a whispering, "He is dead! he is dead!" and that was all.
The people had their wish; the Nazarene was dead; yet they stared at
each other aghast. His blood was upon them! And while they stood
staring at each other, the ground commenced to shake; each man took
hold of his neighbour to support himself; in a twinkling the
darkness disappeared, and the sun came out; and everybody, as with the
same glance, beheld the crosses upon the hill all reeling drunken-like
in the earthquake. They beheld all three of them; but the one in the
centre was arbitrary; it alone would be seen; and for that it seemed
to extend itself upwards, and lift its burden, and swing it to and fro
higher and higher in the blue of the sky. And every man among them who
had jeered at the Nazarene; every one who had struck him; every one
who had voted to crucify him; every one who had marched in the
procession from the city; every one who had in his heart wished him
dead, and they were as ten to one, felt that he was in some way
individually singled out from the many, and that if he would live he
must get away quickly as possible from that menace in the sky. They
started to run; they ran with all their might; on horseback, and
camels, and in chariots they ran, as well as on foot; but then, as
if it were mad at them for what they had done, and had taken up the
cause of the unoffending and friendless dead, the earthquake pursued
them, and tossed them about, and flung them down, and terrified them
yet more by the horrible noise of great rocks grinding and rending
beneath them. They beat their breasts and shrieked with fear. His
blood was upon them! The home-bred and the foreign, priest and layman,
beggar, Sadducee, Pharisee, were overtaken in the race, and tumbled
about indiscriminately. If they called on the Lord, the outraged earth
answered for him in fury, and dealt them all alike. It did not even
know wherein the high-priest was better than his guilty brethren;
overtaking him, it tripped him up also, and smirched the fringing of
his robe, and filled the golden bells with sand, and his mouth with
dust. He and his people were alike in the one thing at least- the
blood of the Nazarene was upon them all!
  When the sunlight broke upon the crucifixion, the mother of the
Nazarene, the disciple, and the faithful women of Galilee, the
centurion and his soldiers, and Ben-Hur and his party, were all who
remained upon the hill. These had not time to observe the flight of
the multitude; they were too loudly called upon to take care of
themselves.
  "Seat thyself here," said Ben-Hur to Esther, making a place for
her at her father's feet. "Now cover thine eyes, and look not up;
but put thy trust in God, and the spirit of yon just man so foully
slain."
  "Nay," said Simonides, reverently, "Let us henceforth speak of him
as the Christ."
  "Be it so," said Ben-Hur.
  Presently a wave of the earthquake struck the hill. The shrieks of
the thieves upon the reeling crosses were terrible to hear. Though
giddy with the movements of the ground, Ben-Hur had time to look at
Balthasar, and beheld him prostrate and still. He ran to him and
called- there was no reply. The good man was dead! Then Ben-Hur
remembered to have heard a cry in answer, as it were, to the scream of
the Nazarene in his last moment; but he had not looked to see from
whom it had proceeded; and ever after he believed the spirit of the
Egyptian accompanied that of his Master over the boundary into the
kingdom of Paradise. The idea rested not only upon the cry heard,
but upon the exceeding fitness of the distinction. If faith were
worthy reward in the person of Gaspar, and love in that of Melchior,
surely he should have some special meed who through a long life had so
excellently illustrated the three virtues in combination- Faith, Love,
and Good Works.
  The servants of Balthasar had deserted their master; but when all
was over, the two Galileans bore the old man in his litter back to the
city.
  It was a sorrowful procession that entered the south gate of the
palace of the Hurs about the set of sun that memorable day. About
the same hour the body of the Christ was taken down from the cross.
  The remains of Balthasar were carried to the guest-chamber. All
the servants hastened weeping to see him; for he had the love of every
living thing with which he had in anywise to do; but when they
beheld his face, and the smile upon it, they dried their tears,
saying, "It is well. He is happier this evening than when he went
out in the morning."
  Ben-Hur would not trust a servant to inform Iras what had befallen
her father. He went himself to see her and bring her to the body. He
imagined her grief; she would now be alone in the world; it was a time
to forgive and pity her. He remembered he had not asked why she was
not of the party in the morning, or where she was; he remembered he
had not thought of her; and, from shame, he was ready to make any
amends, the more so as he was about to plunge her into such acute
grief.
  He shook the curtains of her door; and though he heard the ringing
of the little bells echoing within, he had no response; he called
her name, and again he called- still no answer. He drew the curtain
aside and went into the room; she was not there. He ascended hastily
to the roof in search of her; nor was she there. He questioned the
servants; none of them had seen her during the day. After a long quest
everywhere through the house, Ben-Hur returned to the guest-chamber,
and took the place by the dead which should have been hers; and he
bethought him there how merciful the Christ had been to his aged
servant. At the gate of the kingdom of Paradise happily the
afflictions of this life, even its desertions, are left behind and
forgotten by those who go in and rest.
  When the gloom of the burial was nigh gone, on the ninth day after
the healing, the law being fulfilled, Ben-Hur brought his mother and
Tirzah home; and from that day, in that house the most sacred names
possible of utterance by men were always coupled worshipfully
together-

           GOD THE FATHER AND CHRIST THE SON.

  About five years after the crucifixion, Esther, the wife of Ben-Hur,
sat in her room in the beautiful villa by Misenum. It was noon, with a
warm Italian sun making summer for the roses and vines outside.
Everything in the apartment was Roman, except that Esther wore the
garments of a Jewish matron. Tirzah and two children at play upon a
lion's skin on the floor were her companions; and one had only to
observe how carefully she watched them to know that the little ones
were hers.
  Time had treated her generously. She was more than ever beautiful,
and in becoming mistress of the villa, she had realized one of her
cherished dreams.
  In the midst of this simple, home-like scene, a servant appeared
in the doorway, and spoke to her.
  "A woman in the atrium to speak with the mistress."
  "Let her come. I will receive her here."
  Presently the stranger entered. At sight of her the Jewess arose,
and was about to speak; then she hesitated, changed colour, and
finally drew back, saying, "I have known you, good woman. You are- "
  "I was Iras, the daughter of Balthasar."
  Esther conquered her surprise, and bade the servant bring the
Egyptian a seat.
  "No," said Iras, coldly. "I will retire directly."
  The two gazed at each other. We know what Esther presented- a
beautiful woman, a happy mother, a contented wife. On the other
side, it was very plain that fortune had not dealt so gently with
her former rival. The tall figure remained, with some of its grace;
but an evil life had tainted the whole person. The face was coarse;
the large eyes were red and pursed beneath the lower lids; there was
no colour in her cheeks. The lips were cynical and hard, and general
neglect was leading rapidly to premature old age. Her attire was ill
chosen and draggled. The mud of the road clung to her sandals. Iras
broke the painful silence.
  "These are thy children?"
  Esther looked at them, and smiled.
  "Yes. Will you not speak to them?"
  "I would scare them," Iras replied. Then she drew closer to
Esther, and seeing her shrink, said, "Be not afraid. Give thy
husband a message for me. Tell him his enemy is dead, and that for the
much misery he brought me I slew him."
  "His enemy!"
  "The Messala. Further, tell thy husband that for the harm I sought
to do him I have been punished until even he would pity me."
  Tears arose in Esther's eyes, and she was about to speak.
  "Nay," said Iras, "I do not want pity or tears. Tell him, finally, I
have found that to be a Roman is to be a brute. Farewell."
  She moved to go. Esther followed her.
  "Stay, and see my husband. He has no feeling against you. He
sought for you everywhere. He will be your friend. I will be your
friend. We are Christians."
  The other was firm.
  "No; I am what I am of choice. It will be over shortly."
  "But"- Esther hesitated- "have we nothing you would wish; nothing
to- to- "
  The countenance of the Egyptian softened; something like a smile
played about her lips. She looked at the children upon the floor.
  "There is something," she said.
  Esther followed her eyes, and with quick perception answered, "It is
yours."
  Iras went to them, and knelt on the lion's skin, and kissed them
both. Rising slowly, she looked at them; then passed to the door and
out of it without a parting word. She walked rapidly, and was gone
before Esther could decide what to do.
  Ben-Hur, when he was told of the visit, knew certainly what he had
long surmised- that on the day of the crucifixion Iras had deserted
her father for Messala. Nevertheless, he set out immediately and
hunted for her vainly; they never saw her more, or heard of her. The
blue bay, with all its laughing under the sun, has yet its dark
secrets. Had it a tongue, it might tell us of the Egyptian.
  Simonides lived to be a very old man. In the tenth year of Nero's
reign he gave up the business so long centred in the warehouse at
Antioch. To the last he kept a clear head and a good heart, and was
successful.
  One evening, in the year named, he sat in his arm-chair on the
terrace of the warehouse. Ben-Hur and Esther, and their three
children, were with him. The last of the ships swung at mooring in the
current of the river; all the rest had been sold. In the long interval
between this and the day of the crucifixion but one sorrow had
befallen them; that was when the mother of Ben-Hur died; and then
and now their grief would have been greater but for their Christian
faith.
  The ship spoken of had arrived only the day before, bringing
intelligence of the persecution of Christians begun by Nero in Rome,
and the party on the terrace were talking of the news when Malluch,
who was still in their service, approached and delivered a package
to Ben-Hur.
  "Who brings this?" the latter asked, after reading.
  "An Arab."
  "Where is he?"
  "He left immediately."
  "Listen," said Ben-Hur to Simonides.
  He read then the following letter:-

  "I, Ilderim the Generous, and sheik of the tribe of Ilderim, to
Judah, son of Hur.
  "Know, O friend of my father's, how my father loved you. Read what
is herewith sent, and you will know. His will is my will; therefore
what he gave is thine.
  "All the Parthians took from him in the great battle in which they
slew him I have retaken- this writing, with other things, and
vengeance, and all the brood of that Mira who in his time was mother
of so many stars.
  "Peace be to you and all yours."
  "This voice out of the desert is the voice of "ILDERIM, Sheik."

  Ben-Hur next unrolled a scrap of papyrus yellow as the withered
mulberry leaf. It required the daintiest handling. Proceeding, he
read-

  "Ilderim, surnamed the Generous, sheik of the tribe of Ilderim, to
the son who succeeds me.
  "All I have, O son, shall be thine in the day of thy succession,
except that property by Antioch known as the Orchard of Palms; and
it shall be to the son of Hur who brought us such glory in the Circus-
to him and his forever.
  "Dishonour not thy father. "ILDERIM THE GENEROUS, Sheik."

  "What say you?" asked Ben-Hur, of Simonides.
  Esther took the papers pleased, and read them to herself.
Simonides remained silent. His eyes were upon the ship; but he was
thinking. At length he spoke.
  "Son of Hur," he said, gravely, "the Lord has been good to you in
these later years. You have much to be thankful for. Is it not time to
decide finally the meaning of the gift of the great fortune now all in
your hand, and growing?"
  "I decided that long ago. The fortune was meant for the service of
the giver; not a part, Simonides, but all of it. The question with
me has been, How can I make it most useful in his cause? And of that
tell me, I pray you."
  Simonides answered-
  "The great sums you have given to the Church here in Antioch, I am
witness to. Now, instantly almost with this gift of the generous
sheik's, comes the news of the persecution of the brethren in Rome. It
is the opening of a new field. The light must not go out in the
capital."
  "Tell me how I can keep it alive."
  "I will tell you. The Romans, even this Nero, hold two things
sacred- I know of no others they so hold- they are the ashes of the
dead and all places of burial. If you cannot build temples for the
worship of the Lord above ground, then build them below the ground;
and to keep them from profanation, carry to them the bodies of all who
die in the faith."
  Ben-Hur arose excitedly.
  "It is a great idea," he said. "I will not wait to begin it. Time
forbids waiting. The ship that brought the news of the suffering of
our brethren shall take me to Rome. I will sail to-morrow."
  He turned to Malluch.
  "Get the ship ready, Malluch, and be thou ready to go with me."
  "It is well," said Simonides.
  "And thou, Esther, what sayest thou?" asked Ben-Hur.
  Esther came to his side, and put her hand on his arm, and answered-
  "So wilt thou best serve the Christ. O my husband, let me not
hinder, but go with thee and help."
                        *   *   *   *   *
  If any of my readers visiting Rome, will make the short journey to
the Catacomb of San Calixto, which is more ancient than that of San
Sebastiano, he will see what became of the fortune of Ben-Hur, and
give him thanks. Out of that vast tomb Christianity issued to
supersede the Caesars.

                        THE END