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Text File | 1991-09-04 | 25.5 KB | 780 lines

/* * CPP main program. * * Edit history * 21-May-84 MM "Field test" release * 23-May-84 MM Some minor hacks. * 30-May-84 ARF Didn't get enough memory for __DATE__ * Added code to read stdin if no input * files are provided. * 29-Jun-84 MM Added ARF's suggestions, Unixifying cpp. * 11-Jul-84 MM "Official" first release (that's what I thought!) * 22-Jul-84 MM/ARF/SCK Fixed line number bugs, added cpp recognition * of #line, fixed problems with #include. * 23-Jul-84 MM More (minor) include hacking, some documentation. * Also, redid cpp's #include files * 25-Jul-84 MM #line filename isn't used for #include searchlist * #line format is <number> <optional name> * 25-Jul-84 ARF/MM Various bugs, mostly serious. Removed homemade doprint * 01-Aug-84 MM Fixed recursion bug, remove extra newlines and * leading whitespace from cpp output. * 02-Aug-84 MM Hacked (i.e. optimized) out blank lines and unneeded * whitespace in general. Cleaned up unget()'s. * 03-Aug-84 Keie Several bug fixes from Ed Keizer, Vrije Universitet. * -- corrected arg. count in -D and pre-defined * macros. Also, allow \n inside macro actual parameter * lists. * 06-Aug-84 MM If debugging, dump the preset vector at startup. * 12-Aug-84 MM/SCK Some small changes from Sam Kendall * 15-Aug-84 Keie/MM cerror, cwarn, etc. take a single string arg. * cierror, etc. take a single int. arg. * changed LINE_PREFIX slightly so it can be * changed in the makefile. * 31-Aug-84 MM USENET net.sources release. * 7-Sep-84 SCH/ado Lint complaints * 10-Sep-84 Keie Char's can't be signed in some implementations * 11-Sep-84 ado Added -C flag, pathological line number fix * 13-Sep-84 ado Added -E flag (does nothing) and "-" file for stdin. * 14-Sep-84 MM Allow # 123 as a synonym for #line 123 * 19-Sep-84 MM scanid always reads to token, make sure #line is * written to a new line, even if -C switch given. * Also, cpp - - reads stdin, writes stdout. * 03-Oct-84 ado/MM Several changes to line counting and keepcomments * stuff. Also a rewritten control() hasher -- much * simpler and no less "perfect". Note also changes * in cpp3.c to fix numeric scanning. * 04-Oct-84 MM Added recognition of macro formal parameters if * they are the only thing in a string, per the * draft standard. * 08-Oct-84 MM One more attack on scannumber * 15-Oct-84 MM/ado Added -N to disable predefined symbols. Fixed * linecount if COMMENT_INVISIBLE enabled. * 22-Oct-84 MM Don't evaluate the #if/#ifdef argument if * compilation is supressed. This prevents * unnecessary error messages in sequences such as * #ifdef FOO -- undefined * #if FOO == 10 -- shouldn't print warning * 25-Oct-84 MM Fixed bug in false ifdef supression. On vms, * #include <foo> should open foo.h -- this duplicates * the behavior of Vax-C * 31-Oct-84 ado/MM Parametized $ in indentifiers. Added a better * token concatenator and took out the trial * concatenation code. Also improved #ifdef code * and cleaned up the macro recursion tester. * 2-Nov-84 MM/ado Some bug fixes in token concatenation, also * a variety of minor (uninteresting) hacks. * 6-Nov-84 MM Happy Birthday. Broke into 4 files and added * #if sizeof (basic_types) * 9-Nov-84 MM Added -S* for pointer type sizes * 13-Nov-84 MM Split cpp1.c, added vms defaulting * 23-Nov-84 MM/ado -E supresses error exit, added CPP_INCLUDE, * fixed strncpy bug. * 3-Dec-84 ado/MM Added OLD_PREPROCESSOR * 7-Dec-84 MM Stuff in Nov 12 Draft Standard * 17-Dec-84 george Fixed problems with recursive macros * 17-Dec-84 MM Yet another attack on #if's (f/t)level removed. * 07-Jan-85 ado Init defines before doing command line options * so -Uunix works. * 21-Oct-85 RMS Rename `token' to `tokenbuf'. * Allocate it dynamically, with size in `tokenbsize'. * 23-Oct-85 RMS Do not print message about number of errors. * * 19-Jan-90 DKM Support for MVS. * 04-May-90 MJF Added predefined constant for target_arch. * 18-May-90 MBN Conditional compilation on COOL to get "clean" cpp */ /*)BUILD $(PROGRAM) = cpp $(FILES) = { cpp1 cpp2 cpp3 cpp4 cpp5 cpp6 } $(INCLUDE) = { cppdef.h cpp.h } $(STACK) = 2000 $(TKBOPTIONS) = { STACK = 2000 } */ /* DOCUMENTATION title cpp C Pre-Processor index C pre-processor synopsis cpp [-options] [infile [outfile]] description CPP reads a C source file, expands macros and include files, and writes an input file for the C compiler. If no file arguments are given, CPP reads from stdin and writes to stdout. If one file argument is given, it will define the input file, while two file arguments define both input and output files. The file name "-" is a synonym for stdin or stdout as appropriate. The following options are supported. Options may be given in either case. -C If set, source-file comments are written to the output file. This allows the output of CPP to be used as the input to a program, such as lint, that expects commands embedded in specially-formatted comments. -Dname=value Define the name as if the programmer wrote #define name value at the start of the first file. If "=value" is not given, a value of "1" will be used. On non-unix systems, all alphabetic text will be forced to upper-case. -E Always return "success" to the operating system, even if errors were detected. Note that some fatal errors, such as a missing #include file, will terminate CPP, returning "failure" even if the -E option is given. -Idirectory Add this directory to the list of directories searched for #include "..." and #include <...> commands. Note that there is no space between the "-I" and the directory string. More than one -I command is permitted. On non-Unix systems "directory" is forced to upper-case. -N CPP normally predefines some symbols defining the target computer and operating system. If -N is specified, no symbols will be predefined. If -N -N is specified, the "always present" symbols, __LINE__, __FILE__, and __DATE__ are not defined. -Stext CPP normally assumes that the size of the target computer's basic variable types is the same as the size of these types of the host computer. (This can be overridden when CPP is compiled, however.) The -S option allows dynamic respecification of these values. "text" is a string of numbers, separated by commas, that specifies correct sizes. The sizes must be specified in the exact order: char short int long float double If you specify the option as "-S*text", pointers to these types will be specified. -S* takes one additional argument for pointer to function (e.g. int (*)()) For example, to specify sizes appropriate for a PDP-11, you would write: c s i l f d func -S1,2,2,2,4,8, -S*2,2,2,2,2,2,2 Note that all values must be specified. -Uname Undefine the name as if #undef name were given. On non-Unix systems, "name" will be forced to upper-case. -Xnumber Enable debugging code. If no value is given, a value of 1 will be used. -X1 debug print of files #included -X2 debug inserts #control as comments in output -X3 debug does both -X1 and -X2 Pre-Defined Variables When CPP begins processing, the following variables will have been defined (unless the -N option is specified): Target computer (as appropriate): pdp11, vax, M68000 m68000 m68k Target operating system (as appropriate): rsx, rt11, vms, unix Target compiler (as appropriate): decus, vax11c The implementor may add definitions to this list. The default definitions match the definition of the host computer, operating system, and C compiler. The following are always available unless undefined (or -N was specified twice): __FILE__ The input (or #include) file being compiled (as a quoted string). __LINE__ The line number being compiled. __DATE__ The date of compilation as "Mmm dd yy" __TIME__ The time of compilation as "hh:mm:ss" __STDC__ The constant 1. Thus, printf("Bug at line %s,", __LINE__); printf(" source file %s", __FILE__); printf(" compiled on %s", __DATE__); Draft Proposed Ansi Standard Considerations When CPP is itself compiled, many features of the Draft Proposed Standard that are incompatible with existing preprocessors may be disabled. See the comments in CPP's source for details. Comments are removed from the input text. The comment is replaced by a single space character. The -C option preserves comments, writing them to the output file. The '$' character is considered to be a letter. This is a permitted extension. The following new features of C are processed by CPP: #elif expression (_#else _#if) '\xNNN' (Hexadecimal constant) '\a' (Ascii BELL) '\v' (Ascii Vertical Tab) #if defined NAME 1 if defined, 0 if not #if defined (NAME) 1 if defined, 0 if not #if sizeof (basic type) unary + U, 123LU Unsigned ints and longs. 12.3L Long double numbers token_#token Token concatenation #include token Expands to filename #error tokens Flags an error The Draft Proposed Standard has extended C, adding a constant string concatenation operator, where "foo" "bar" is regarded as the single string "foobar". (This does not affect CPP's processing but does permit a limited form of macro argument substitution into strings as will be discussed.) The Standard Committee plans to add token concatenation to #define command lines as follows: The sequence "Token1 ## Token2" is treated as if the programmer wrote "Token1Token2". This could be used as follows: #line 123 #define ATLINE foo ## __LINE__ ATLINE would be defined as foo123. If the tokens T1 and T2 are concatenated into T3, this implementation operates as follows: 1. Expand T1 if it is a macro. 2. Expand T2 if it is a macro. 3. Join the tokens, forming T3. 4. Expand T3 if it is a macro. If a macro parameter is immediately proceeded by a #, string quotes (") are placed around the substituted parameter and a \ character is inserted before each " or \ character that appears surrounding,or inside a string literal or character constant in the argument. Example: #define vprint(name, size) \ printf(#name "[" "size" "] = {\n") ... vprint(vector, 123); expands (effectively) to vprint("vector[123] = {\n"); Note that this will be useful if your C compiler supports the new string concatenation operation noted above. EXTENSIONS An extended macro facility is provided which allows and arbitrary unix process to act as a macro expander. To define a macro do one of the following: #pragma defmacro name <file> options #pragma defmacro name "file" options #pragma defmacro name program options This provides a mapping between macro names and the file to be executed, which is on the include search path. "options" is zero or more of the following: recursive - when present, the macro may be recursively expanded. expanding - when present, input to the macro is macro-expanded. delimiter=? - the default delimiter of ; is replaced with ? condition=? - expand only if this char found after name other - unknown options are passed as arguments to the macro expander. When a "defmacro" style macro's name is found, the name and everything until the delimiter (includling all matching {} [] () <> "" '' and comments found along the way) is piped into the macro procedure's standard-input. The procedure's standard output is scanned by CPP for further processing. The expansion replaces the macro call. number. error messages Many. CPP prints warning or error messages if you try to use multiple-byte character constants (non-transportable) if you #undef a symbol that was not defined, or if your program has potentially nested comments. authors Martin Minow (Origional version) LaMott Oren (Macro extensions and ANSI compatability) bugs The #if expression processor uses signed integers only. I.e, #if 0xFFFFu < 0 may be TRUE. This program differs from tha ANSI specification as follows: Trigraph sequences aren't implemented. */ #include <stdio.h> #include <ctype.h> #include "cppdef.h" #include "cpp.h" #if HOST == SYS_MVS extern char *_stdiamp = "prompt="; /* no prompting from sysin */ extern char *_stdoamp = "print=no"; /* stdout doesn't need page fmt attr. */ extern char *_stdeamp = "print=no"; /* stderr doesn't need page fmt attr. */ #endif #ifdef COOL /* * Table of internal macros * (Alternating strings and function pointers, termnated with NULL) */ extern int parmtype(); /* Make names for parameterized types */ extern int define_symbol(); /* Define a symbol in a package */ extern int define_macro(); /* Define a fancy macro */ extern int member(); /* Symbolic equality test */ extern int class_macro(); /* C++ class processing */ extern int classmac(); /* C++ class processing */ extern int template(); /* Paramertized type definition */ extern int declare(); /* Paramertized type declaration */ extern int implement(); /* Paramertized type code generation */ extern int implement_n(); /* Paramertized type code generation */ extern int exception(); /* Error recovery code generation */ extern int generate(); /* macro looping mechanism */ extern int compress(); /* compress out white space */ struct expander_pair internal_macros[] = { {"parmtype", parmtype}, {"define_symbol", define_symbol}, {"macro", define_macro}, {"member", member}, {"class", class_macro}, {"classmac", classmac}, {"template", template}, {"declare", declare}, {"implement", implement}, {"implement_n", implement_n}, {"exception", exception}, {"generate", generate}, {"compress", compress}, {NULL, NULL}}; #endif /* * Commonly used global variables: * line is the current input line number. * wrongline is set in many places when the actual output * line is out of sync with the numbering, e.g, * when expanding a macro with an embedded newline. * * tokenbuf holds the last identifier scanned (which might * be a candidate for macro expansion). * errors is the running cpp error counter. * infile is the head of a linked list of input files (extended by * #include and macros being expanded). infile always points * to the current file/macro. infile->parent to the includer, * etc. infile->fd is NULL if this input stream is a macro. */ int line; /* Current line number */ int wrongline; /* Force #line to compiler */ char *tokenbuf; /* Buffer for current input token */ int tokenbsize; /* Allocated size of tokenbuf, */ /* not counting zero at end. */ int errors; /* cpp error counter */ FILEINFO *infile = NULL; /* Current input file */ int debug; /* TRUE if debugging now */ /* * This counter is incremented when a macro expansion is initiated. * If it exceeds a built-in value, the expansion stops -- this tests * for a runaway condition: * #define X Y * #define Y X * X * This can be disabled by falsifying rec_recover. (Nothing does this * currently: it is a hook for an eventual invocation flag.) */ int recursion; /* Infinite recursion counter */ int rec_recover = TRUE; /* Unwind recursive macros */ DEFBUF *macro; /* Catches start of infinite macro */ /* * instring is set TRUE when a string is scanned. It modifies the * behavior of the "get next character" routine, causing all characters * to be passed to the caller (except <DEF_MAGIC>). Note especially that * comments and \<newline> are not removed from the source. (This * prevents cpp output lines from being arbitrarily long). * * inmacro is set by #define -- it absorbs comments and converts * form-feed and vertical-tab to space, but returns \<newline> * to the caller. Strictly speaking, this is a bug as \<newline> * shouldn't delimit tokens, but we'll worry about that some other * time -- it is more important to prevent infinitly long output lines. * * instring and inmarcor are parameters to the get() routine which * were made global for speed. */ int instring = FALSE; /* TRUE if scanning string */ int inmacro = FALSE; /* TRUE if #defining a macro */ /* * work[] and workp are used to store one piece of text in a temporay * buffer. To initialize storage, set workp = work. To store one * character, call save(c); (This will fatally exit if there isn't * room.) To terminate the string, call save(EOS). Note that * the work buffer is used by several subroutines -- be sure your * data won't be overwritten. The extra byte in the allocation is * needed for string formal replacement. */ char work[NWORK + 1]; /* Work buffer */ char *workp; /* Work buffer pointer */ /* * keepcomments is set TRUE by the -C option. If TRUE, comments * are written directly to the output stream. This is needed if * the output from cpp is to be passed to lint (which uses commands * embedded in comments). cflag contains the permanent state of the * -C flag. keepcomments is always falsified when processing #control * commands and when compilation is supressed by a false #if * * If eflag is set, CPP returns "success" even if non-fatal errors * were detected. * * If nflag is non-zero, no symbols are predefined except __LINE__. * __FILE__, and __DATE__. If nflag > 1, absolutely no symbols * are predefined. */ int keepcomments = FALSE; /* Write out comments flag */ int cflag = FALSE; /* -C option (keep comments) */ int eflag = FALSE; /* -E option (never fail) */ int nflag = 0; /* -N option (no predefines) */ /* * ifstack[] holds information about nested #if's. It is always * accessed via *ifptr. The information is as follows: * WAS_COMPILING state of compiling flag at outer level. * ELSE_SEEN set TRUE when #else seen to prevent 2nd #else. * TRUE_SEEN set TRUE when #if or #elif succeeds * ifstack[0] holds the compiling flag. It is TRUE if compilation * is currently enabled. Note that this must be initialized TRUE. */ char ifstack[BLK_NEST] = { TRUE }; /* #if information */ char *ifptr = ifstack; /* -> current ifstack[] */ /* * incdir[] stores the -i directories (and the system-specific * #include <...> directories. */ char *incdir[NINCLUDE]; /* -i directories */ char **incend = incdir; /* -> free space in incdir[] */ /* * This is the table used to predefine target machine and operating * system designators. It may need hacking for specific circumstances. * Note: it is not clear that this is part of the Ansi Standard. * The -N option supresses preset definitions. */ char *preset[] = { /* names defined at cpp start */ #ifdef MACHINE MACHINE, #endif #ifdef SYSTEM SYSTEM, #endif #ifdef TARGET_ARCH TARGET_ARCH, #endif #ifdef COMPILER COMPILER, #endif #ifdef CH_SET CH_SET, #endif #if DEBUG "decus_cpp", /* Ourselves! */ #endif NULL /* Must be last */ }; main(argc, argv) int argc; char *argv[]; { register int i; #if HOST == SYS_VMS argc = getredirection(argc, argv); /* vms >file and <file */ #endif initdefines(); /* O.S. specific def's */ i = dooptions(argc, argv); /* Command line -flags */ switch (i) { case 3: /* * Get output file, "-" means use stdout. */ if (!streq(argv[2], "-")) { #if HOST == SYS_VMS /* * On vms, reopen stdout with "vanilla rms" attributes. */ if ((i = creat(argv[2], 0, "rat=cr", "rfm=var")) == -1 || dup2(i, fileno(stdout)) == -1) { #else if (freopen(argv[2], "w", stdout) == NULL) { #endif perror(argv[2]); cerror("Can't open output file \"%s\"", argv[2]); exit(IO_ERROR); } } /* Continue by opening input */ case 2: /* One file -> stdin */ /* * Open input file, "-" means use stdin. */ if (!streq(argv[1], "-")) { if (freopen(argv[1], "r", stdin) == NULL) { perror(argv[1]); cerror("Can't open input file \"%s\"", argv[1]); exit(IO_ERROR); } strcpy(work, argv[1]); /* Remember input filename */ break; } /* Else, just get stdin */ case 0: /* No args? */ case 1: /* No files, stdin -> stdout */ #if (HOST == SYS_UNIX || HOST == SYS_OS2 || HOST == SYS_XENIX || HOST == SYS_MVS) work[0] = EOS; /* Unix can't find stdin name */ #else fgetname(stdin, work); /* Vax-11C, Decus C know name */ #endif break; default: exit(IO_ERROR); /* Can't happen */ } setincdirs(); /* Setup -I include directories */ addfile(stdin, work); /* "open" main input file */ #if DEBUG if (debug > 0) dumpdef("preset #define symbols"); #endif cppmain(); /* Process main file */ if ((i = (ifptr - &ifstack[0])) != 0) { #if OLD_PREPROCESSOR ciwarn("Inside #ifdef block at end of input, depth = %d", i); #else cierror("Inside #ifdef block at end of input, depth = %d", i); #endif } fclose(stdout); if (errors > 0 && !eflag) exit(IO_ERROR); #ifdef COOL finish_symbols(); #endif exit(IO_NORMAL); /* No errors or -E option set */ } FILE_LOCAL cppmain() /* * Main process for cpp -- copies tokens from the current input * stream (main file, include file, or a macro) to the output * file. */ { register int c; /* Current character */ register int counter; /* newlines and spaces */ extern int output(); /* Output one character */ /* Initialize for reading tokens */ tokenbsize = 50; tokenbuf = getmem (tokenbsize + 1); /* * Explicitly output a #line at the start of cpp output so * that lint (etc.) knows the name of the original source * file. If we don't do this explicitly, we may get * the name of the first #include file instead. */ sharp(); /* * This loop is started "from the top" at the beginning of each line * wrongline is set TRUE in many places if it is necessary to write * a #line record. (But we don't write them when expanding macros.) * * The counter variable has two different uses: at * the start of a line, it counts the number of blank lines that * have been skipped over. These are then either output via * #line records or by outputting explicit blank lines. * When expanding tokens within a line, the counter remembers * whether a blank/tab has been output. These are dropped * at the end of the line, and replaced by a single blank * within lines. */ for (;;) { counter = 0; /* Count empty lines */ for (;;) { /* For each line, ... */ while (type[(c = get())] == SPA) /* Skip leading blanks */ if (keepcomments) /* in this line. */ putchar(c); if (c == '\n') /* If line's all blank, */ if(keepcomments) putchar('\n'); else ++counter; /* Do nothing now */ else if (c == '#') { /* Is 1st non-space '#' */ keepcomments = FALSE; /* Don't pass comments */ counter = control(counter); /* Yes, do a #command */ keepcomments = (cflag && compiling); } else if (c == EOF_CHAR) /* At end of file? */ break; else if (!compiling) { /* #ifdef false? */ skipnl(); /* Skip to newline */ if(keepcomments) putchar('\n'); else counter++; /* Count it, too. */ } else { break; /* Actual token */ } } if (c == EOF_CHAR) /* Exit process at */ break; /* End of file */ /* * If the loop didn't terminate because of end of file, we * know there is a token to compile. First, clean up after * absorbing newlines. counter has the number we skipped. */ if (wrongline && infile->fp != NULL) sharp(); /* Output # line number */ else { /* If just a few, stuff */ while (--counter >= 0) /* them out ourselves */ putchar('\n'); } /* * Process each token on this line. */ unget(); /* Reread the char. */ for (;;) { /* For the whole line, */ for (counter = 0; (type[(c = get())] == SPA);) { if(keepcomments) putchar(c); else { #if COMMENT_INVISIBLE if (c != COM_SEP) counter++; #else counter++; /* Skip over blanks */ #endif } } if (c == EOF_CHAR || c == '\n') goto end_line; /* Exit line loop */ else if (counter > 0) /* If we got any spaces */ putchar(' '); /* Output one space */ c = macroid(c); /* Grab the token */ if (c == EOF_CHAR || c == '\n') /* From macro exp error */ goto end_line; /* Exit line loop */ switch (type[c]) { case LET: fputs(tokenbuf, stdout); /* Quite ordinary token */ break; case DIG: /* Output a number */ case DOT: /* Dot may begin floats */ scannumber(c, output); break; case QUO: /* char or string const */ scanstring(c, output); /* Copy it to output */ break; default: /* Some other character */ cput(c); /* Just output it */ break; } /* Switch ends */ } /* Line for loop */ end_line: if (c == '\n') { /* Compiling at EOL? */ putchar('\n'); /* Output newline, if */ if (infile->fp == NULL) /* Expanding a macro, */ wrongline = TRUE; /* Output # line later */ } } /* Continue until EOF */ } output(c) int c; /* * Output one character to stdout -- output() is passed as an * argument to scanstring() */ { #if COMMENT_INVISIBLE if (c != TOK_SEP && c != COM_SEP) #else if (c != TOK_SEP) #endif putchar(c); } FILE_LOCAL sharp() /* * Output a line number line. */ { register char *name; if (keepcomments) /* Make sure # comes on */ putchar('\n'); /* a fresh, new line. */ printf("#%s %d", LINE_PREFIX, line); if (infile->fp != NULL) { name = (infile->progname != NULL) ? infile->progname : infile->filename; printf(" \"%s\"", name); } putchar('\n'); wrongline = FALSE; }