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BIAS.ANA
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1986-07-01
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9KB
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313 lines
..comment
: BIAS Proto-Version 1.01 Copyright (c) 1985 Clarkson Software - WDH
..WORD
: Biased Language
Sometimes biased language will slip into your text inadvertently. This
program allerts you such language and suggests possible where you may wish to
avoid giving offense.
.she .her 1
:.
..calc
.#A = #COUNT + 1
..word
:.
.he .him .his 1
:.
..calc
.#B = #COUNT +1
.#TOTAL = #A + #B
.#G = #TOTAL / #A
.#A = #A - 1
.#B = #B - 1
..CASE
:
feminine pronouns #A
masculine pronouns #B
.#G
.0 1
:You use more female than male pronouns. Is you subject female? Are you
making a statement?
.2 2
:You use the same number of male and female pronouns.
.3 1000
:You use more male then female pronouns. Check your text to see if some of
your antecedents might be female just the same as male. See if you can use
pronouns that are not gender related (e.g. they, them, one).
..word
:.
.Authoress 1
:You use the word "authoress." Avoid female-gender word forms. You might
simply say "author," as in "Virginia Wolf was a modern author."
.Black 1
:You use the word "black." If you are referring to people, check to see
whether the racial or ethnic reference is appropriate and necessary.
.Blacks 1
:You use the word "blacks." If you are referring to people, check to see
whether the racial or ethnic reference is appropriate and necessary.
.Businessman 1
:You say "businessman." Try "business executive," or "manager."
.Businesswoman 1
:You say "businesswoman." Try "executive," "manager," or other gender free
term.
.Busboy 1
:You say "busboy." This may be offensive to both women and older people. The
Labor Department has renamed this job "dining room attendant."
.Cameraman 1
:You say "cameraman." Try "camera operator."
.Chairman 1
:You say "chairman." Does this imply that only men can hold a chair? Try
chair person, or chair.
.Chairwoman 1
:You say "chairwoman." Try "chair," or "moderator."
.Chinaman 1
:You say "Chinaman." This can be doubly offensive. A slight revision could
allow you to use the adjective Chinese.
.Coed 1
:You say "Coed." If you are referring to a student, try "student," or "woman."
.Congressman 1
:You say "congressman." Try "Member of Congress."
.Craftsmanship 1
:You say "craftsmanship." Try "expertise."
.Fireman 1
:You say "fireman." Try "firefighter."
.Firemen 1
:You say "firemen." Try "firefighters."
.Foreman 1
:You say "foreman." Try "supervisor."
.Forewoman 1
:You say "forewoman." Try "supervisor."
.Housewife 1
:You say "housewife." Try "homemaker."
.Lady 1
:You say "lady." This term is sometimes used as a form of mild ridicule.
Check your text to see how you are using it.
.Layman 1
:You say "layman." Try: "lay," "common," "ordinary," or "lay person."
.Mailman 1
:You say "mailman." "Mail carrier," or "letter carrier are more neutral
terms.
.Maid 1
:You use the word "maid." Try a nonsexist job title such as "house cleaner."
.Man 1
:Consider your use of the word "man." Can you substitute a word that has
fewer sexist overtones?
.Manhood 1
:You say "manhood." Try "adulthood."
.Mans 1
:Consider your use of the word "man's." Can you substitute a word that has
fewer sexist overtones?
.Men 1
:Consider your use of the word "men." Can you substitute a word that has
fewer sexist overtones?
.Mens 1
:You use the word "men's." Unless you are saying "men's room, check to see
whether your text has blatant sexist overtones?
.Mankind 1
:You use "mankind." Try "people," "humanity," "human beings," "human race,"
or "human kind."
.Manpower 1
:You use the term "
manpower." Try "human resources," "workers," or "workforce."
.Mexican-American 1
:You use the term "Mexican-American." Many people object to being referred to
as "hyphenated Americans."
.Middleman 1
:You say "middleman." Try "intermediary."
.Minority 1
:You use "minority." Remember, while caucasians are a majority in North
America, they are a minority in the world.
Miss 1
:You say "Miss." Now commonly accepted is "Ms."
Mrs 1
:You say "Mrs." Now commonly accepted is "Ms."
.Negress 1
:You use the word "negress." This can be doubly offensive. Avoid unnecessary
reference to race and gender.
Newsboy 1
:You say "newsboy." Try "newspaper carrier."
.Nonwhite 1
:You use "nonwhite." The word implies that white is a standard. Try
revising to omit this word.
.Policeman 1
:You use "policeman." You can avoid the male orientation with the phrase
"police officer."
.Policewoman 1
:You say "policewoman." Try "police officer."
.Poetess 1
:You use the word "poetess." Avoid gender related word forms. You might
simply say "poet," as in "Sapho was a lyric poet."
.Postman 1
:You say "postman." Try "mail carrier," or "postal clerk.
.Salesman 1
:You say "salesman." Try "salesperson," "sales representative," or "sales
clerk."
.Saleswoman 1
:You say "saleswoman." Try "salesperson," "sales representative," or "sales
clerk."
.Spinster 1
:You say "spinster." Try "single person."
.Spokesman 1
:You say "spokesman." Try "spokesperson."
.Statesman 1
:You say "statesman." Try "leader," "diplomat," or "public servant."
.Wives 1
:You use "wives." Try "spouses." It is less gender specific.
.Wife 1
:You use "wife." Try "spouse." It is less gender specific.
.Woman 1
:You use the word "woman." Be sure that it is appropriate and necessary to
indicate the gender in each use of this word.
.Women 1
:You use the word "women." Be sure that it is appropriate and necessary to
indicate the gender in each use of this word.
.Womans 1
:You use the word "woman's." Be sure that it is appropriate and necessary to
indicate the gender in each use of this word.
.Womens 1
:You say "women's." Be sure that it is appropriate and necessary to indicate
the gender in each use of this word.
.Workman 1
:You say "workman." Try using the gender free term "worker."
..allphrase
:.
.'s wife
:In the following phrase, do you refer to a woman as someone's wife? If so,
can you refer to her more specifically by using her first name?
.Career woman
:You say "career woman." Just say "professional," or better yet, "doctor,"
"lawyer," or whatever.
.Cleaning woman
:You say "cleaning woman." Try "housekeeper," or "office cleaner."
.Culturally deprived
:Be aware that references to "clutural deprevation" can imply that one
culture is superior to another. Consider your use of the phrase in the
following.
.Culturally disadvantage
:Be aware that references to "cultural disadvantages" can imply that one
culture is superior to another.
.Dear Sir
:You say "Dear Sir." Try using a more specific, gender-free term, such as:
Dear Customer, Dear Colleague, Dear Subcriber, Dear Editor, Dear Recipient,
or Dear Reader. Best yet, discover the correspondent's name.
.House boy
:You use the phrase "house boy." Try a nonsexist job title such as "house
cleaner."
.Him or her
:You say "him or her." Do you sometimes put females first? Try alternating
this phrase with "her or him."
.He or she
:You say "he or she." Do you sometimes put females first? Try alternating this
phrase with "she or he."
.Insurance man
:You say "insurance man." Try "insurance agent."
.Male nurse
:You say "male nurse." When possible just say "nurse."
.Man and wife
:You say "man and wife." Try "husband and wife."
.Man on the street
:Instead of "man on the street" try: everyone, average person.
.Man hours
:You say "man hours." Try: hours, total hours, staff-hours, working hours.
.Man's work
:You say "man's work." If you mean heavy labor say "heavy labor." If you wish
to imply that the work is important, try "important work."
.Man-sized
:You say "man-sized." Try "large," or "sizable."
.Man-made
:You use the term "man-made." Instead try "synthetic," "artificial,"
"constructed," "manufactured," or "of human origin."
.Primitive man
:You say "primitive man." Try "primitive people."
.Red Man
:You say "red man." "Indian" is probably better; "Native American" better yet;
but it would be best to refer to a particular people or tribe.
.Woman's work
:You say "woman's work." Usually you can simply say "work."
.Yellow Man
:You say "yellow man." It is probably better to refer to people from the
Orient as "Orientals" (reflecting a European perspective), or as East Asians;
or better yet refer to people by their nationality.
..end