Education Sampler 1992 [NeXTSTEP]

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NeXT TypedStream Data | 1992-08-14 | 34KB | 319 lines

typedstream StreamTable HashTable Object [20c] typedstream [770c] typedstream HashTable Object FirstResponder HeaderClass %%%%i@@ firstnib checkSpelling: alignSelCenter: unscript: pasteFont: runPageLayout: superscript: copyRuler: copyFont: selectAll: pasteRuler: toggleRuler: showGuessPanel: alignSelLeft: paste: performClose: arrangeInFront: subscript: copy: alignSelRight: delete: orderFrontColorPanel: underline: performMiniaturize: /usr/include/sys/message.h genericobject_nib aButton forward theory blank reverse infoView legal info: theory: legal: help: windowButtonClicked: [32704c] typedstream HashTable Object Sound collsound [1564c].snd $ M M boundsound [15132c].snd < Q Q " w w P ' ' \ ] ] Bitmap arrowsshadedbetter2 iii00 [576c] *jjfff jjfff jjfffff arrowsshadedbetter credits jjjjjjjj`*jj ffffffd ffffffD"ffff efefed VVVVV@PVVVVV UUUUUQ UUUUU PUUUUUU UUUTPUUUUUUUYYP@ YYYYYYYUU@ UUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUQA@UYUYUYUYU@ QUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUP UUUUUUUUU@ EEEEEEEEEU@ UUUUUUUUUTT TTTTTTTTTUUUUUUUUUUUUEEEEEEEEEEEEUUUUUUUUUUUUDDDDDDDDDDDDUUUUUUUUUUUUDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD QDDDDDDDDDDDD FischerMailHead [1024c] DDUTD UUUUP EUUTD UUUUU UeUUP eUVeQUR fVUeUUUW DDEY[ zjfUUUUU UUUUUUUW UEUDDU[ eUUUP UTDDD @&UUUU TTDD@DE @%UUUQP TDTDDDDF UUUUU DTTTTDDK P)QUUUUUQ_ DDEUDDDo DDDDDE YTDDDDDJ UTDD@@DN DDDDDD_ NXImage Williams NXBitmapImageRep NXImageRep iissss@@ DDDDF DDDDD DDD@DDE DDDDDDD[ DDDDDDDDF UDDDD UVjfUQ QUefe iUaUP NibData @@@@s Storage {*@@} [17{*@@}] File's Owner CustomObject InfoPanel WindowTemplate iiii***@s@ Panel Responder TextField Control TextFieldCell ActionCell Version 002 Helvetica ICopyright 1992, Rose Hulman Institue Of Technology. All Rights Reserved. Button ButtonCell CustomView David Fischer Times-Roman and James Williams VersionNumber Field Field3 Button2 Button1 Help ScrollView ClipView ciifffcfffs [2687c]{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fnil Times-Roman;\f1\ftech Symbol;\f2\fswiss Helvetica;} \margl40 \margr40 {\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;} \pard\tx960\tx1920\tx2880\tx3840\tx4800\tx5760\tx6720\tx7680\tx8640\tx9600\f0\b0\i0\ul0\fs36 \i\fs116 Rate Law \i0\fs28 \ Rate Law demonstrates the elementary reaction rates, system equilibrium and reaction completion both graphically and numerically for the generic equation\ aA + bB = cC + dD and its variations.\ \i\fs36 The Windows: \i0\fs28 \ When RateLaw launches, the \b Component Parameters \b0 window, \b Reaction \b0 window, and a control window will appear. The \b Component Parameters \b0 window is where the data about the chemical equation to be simulated is set. By means of the slider or the text fields, the coefficients and initial moles of the chemicals may be set. By using the fields that contain the component names, the names of the chemicals may be set. The \b Reaction \b0 window is where the reaction takes place. There are fields for the maximum amount of moles possible, the percent present of this maximum, the current amout of moles, and the current value of the mass-action ratio, Q. The control window is where the reaction is controlled, and represents the document window for a reaction. By selecting the \b Tools \b0 option from the main menu, you can also open the \b Constant Parameters \b0 window where the rate constants of the reaction may be set.\ \i\fs36 Running a Simulation:\ \i0\fs28 To run a simulation of a reaction, first enter the data for the reaction then click the \b Init \b0 button on the control window. This will initialize the reaction you have entered, or warn you that the reaction is invalid. After the \b Init \b0 button has been pressed, use the \b Start \b0 , \b Stop \b0 , and \b Step \b0 buttons to control the reaction. Use the slider, text field, pull-down menu, or the \pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f1\fs26\fc0 \pard\tx960\tx1920\tx2880\tx3840\tx4800\tx5760\tx6720\tx7680\tx8640\tx9600\f0\b 10 \b0\fs28 and \pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f1\fs20\fc0 \pard\tx960\tx1920\tx2880\tx3840\tx4800\tx5760\tx6720\tx7680\tx8640\tx9600\f0\b\fs26 10 \b0\fs28 buttons to control the speed of the reaction and the number of data points recorded. Click the \b Plot Data \b0 button at any time during the reaction to display a plot of the recorded data.\ \i\fs36 \ Opening or Saving a Reaction:\ \i0\fs28 To open or save a file, simply choose from the \b Document \b0 option in the main menu. From there you may load, save, NXCursor NXibeam Scroller _doScroller: @@@ffs ScrollingText Legal [1302c]{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f2\fswiss Helvetica;\f0\fnil Times-Roman;} \margl40 \margr40 \pard\tx960\tx1920\tx2880\tx3840\tx4800\tx5760\tx6720\tx7680\tx8640\tx9600\f2\b0\i0\ul0\fs30 This application was developed in support of the Integrated First-Year Curriculum in Science, Engineering, and Mathematics at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology.\ This curriculum project is supported by the National Science Foundation, the General Electric Foundation, and Lilly Endowment, Inc.\ If you are interested in this or any other program written by the developers of IFYC, please feel free to contact any of the following people:\ \fs26 \ \i Dr. Jerry Fine, Mechanical Engineering\ Campus Box 140\ ext. 353\ fine@sem.rose-hulman.edu\ Dr. Jeffrey Froyd, Electrical Engineering\ Campus Box 111\ ext. 340\ froyd@sem.rose-hulman.edu\ Dr. Mike Moloney, Physics\ Campus Box 161\ ext. 302\ moloney@sem.rose-hulman.edu\ Dr. Edward Mottel, Chemistry\ Campus Box 71\ ext. 315\ mottel@sem.rose-hulman.edu\ Dr. Brian Winkel, Mathematics\ Campus Box 132\ ext. 412\ winkel@sem.rose-hulman.edu\ \b\i0\fs34 \ \f0\fs28 c/o Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology\ 5500 Wabash Avenue\ Terre Haute, Indiana, USA 47803\ phone 812-877-1511\ or\ 812-877-8 + ext.\ Theory [2343c]{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fnil Times-Roman;\f2\fswiss Helvetica;} \margl40 \margr40 \pard\tx960\tx1920\tx2880\tx3840\tx4800\tx5760\tx6720\tx7680\tx8640\tx9600\f0\b0\i\ul0\fs36 The Inner Workings: \i0\fs28 \ Every chemical reaction has a rate of reaction. The reaction we study is:\ aA + bB = cC + dD.\ The rate of this reaction is:\ kf [A] \up10 m \up0 [B] \up10 n \up0 = -kr [C] \up10 q \up0 [D] \up10 p \up0 \ where:\ kf is the forward reaction rate constant.\ kr is the reverse reaction rate constant.\ [A] is the concentration of A at time t.\ [B] is the concentration of B at time t.\ [C] is the concentration of C at time t.\ [D] is the concentration of D at time t.\ m, n, q, and p are constants that change from one \ reaction to another and are not necessarily \ related to the coefficients, a, b, c, and d.\ The rate of change can also be specified with respect to each participant in the reaction:\ -1 d[A] -1 d[B] 1 d[C] 1 d[D]\ ---- ----- = ---- ------ = --- ------ = --- ------ = \ a dt b dt c dt d dt\ kf * [A]^m * [B]^n = -kr * [C]^q * [D]^n\ Therefore:\ - d[A]\ ----- = a *kf * [A]^m * [B]^n\ dt\ and :\ d[A] = - a *kf * [A]^m * [B]^n * dt = change in [A]\ So at any time t, dt after the the last time checked:\ concentration of A at time t equals previous concentration of A plus the change in \ concentration of A = \ [A](at t) = [A](prior t) + d[A] = \ [A](prior t) - a * kf * [A]^m * [B]^n * dt\ In an equilbrium reaction, A + B = C + D, where both forward and reverse reactions are present:\ concentration of A equals previous concentration of A plus the change in concentration of A plus the change in concentration of C =\ [A](prior t) - a * kf * [A]^m * [B]^n * dt + a * kf * [C]^q * [D]^p * dt\ likewise:\ concentration of C equals previous concentration of C plus the change in concentration of C plus the change in concentration of A =\ [C](prior t) - c * kf * [C]^q * [B]^p * dt + c * kf * [A]^m * [B]^n * dt\ Finally, equilibrium is reached when the rate of change of the reactants and products reaches zero, or for our purposes, is very close to zero.\ {i*@@@} [9{i*@@@}] infoView legal theory performClick: aButton windowButtonClicked: