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- .RM 68
- .NO NUMBER
- .NO PAGING
- .STHL 5,1,1
- .lm 0
- 1 DVIPS
- .lm 2
- The dvips program converts a TEX dvi file into a PostScript file for
- printing or distribution. Seldom has such a seemingly easy programming task
- required so much effort. The dvips program has a number of features that set
- it apart from other PostScript drivers for TEX. The dvips driver generates
- excellent, standard PostScript, that can be included in other documents as
- figures or printed through a variety of spoolers. The generated PostScript
- requires very little printer memory, so very complex documents with a lot of
- fonts can easily be printed even on PostScript printers without much memory,
- such as the original Apple LaserWriter. The PostScript output is also
- compact, requiring less disk space to store and making it feasible as a
- transfer format.
- .skip 1
- Missing fonts can be automatically generated if METAFONT exists on the
- system, or fonts can be converted from gf to pk format on demand. If a
- font cannot be generated, a scaled version of the same font at a different
- size can be used instead, although dvips will complain loudly about the
- poor aesthetics of the resulting output.
- .skip 1
- .literal
- usage:
- DVIPS filename[.dvi]
- .end literal
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- 2 Parameters
- .s
- .lm 2
- Filename
- .s
- Specifies the name of the .DVI file that is to be processed.
- .lm 0
- 2 Command__Qualifiers
- .skip 1
- /COPIES
- .lm 6
- .skip 1
- /COPIES=num
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Generate num copies of every page. Default is 1.
- (For collated copies, see the /COLLATE option.)
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /DEBUG
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /DEBUG=num
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Set the debug flags. This is intended only for
- emergencies or for unusual fact-finding expeditions; it
- will work only if dvips has been compiled with the
- DEBUG option. Use
- .skip 1
- .literal
- num=1 for special
-
- num=2 for paths
-
- num=4 for fonts
-
- num=8 for pages
-
- num=16 for headers
-
- num=32 for font compression
-
- num=64 for files
-
- num=128 for memory allocation
- .end literal
- .skip 1
- Use a value of -1 for maximum output.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /MAXDRIFT
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /MAXDRIFT=num
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Make sure that each character is placed at most this many pixels
- from its `true' resolution-independent position on the page. The
- default value of this parameter is resolution dependent (it is the
- number of entries in the list [100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 800,
- 1000, 1200, 1600, 2000, 2400, 2800, 3200, : : :] that are less
- than or equal to the resolution in dots per inch). Allowing
- individual characters to `drift' from their correctly rounded
- positions by a few pixels, while regaining the true position at
- the beginning of each new word, improves the spacing of letters in
- words.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /FILTER
- .skip 1
- .lm 2
- Run as a filter. Read the dvi file from standard input and write
- the PostScript to standard output. The standard input must be seekable, so
- it cannot be a pipe. If you must use a pipe, write a shell script that copies
- the pipe output to a temporary file and then points dvips at this file. i-h
- name: Prepend file name as an additional header file. (However, if the name
- is simply `- ', suppress all header files from the output.) This header file
- gets added to the PostScript userdict.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /LAST
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /LAST=num
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- The last page printed will be the first one numbered num. Default
- is the last page in the document.
- .skip 1
- If the /ABSOLUTE qualifier has been used then it (and any argument to the
- /START qualifier) is treated as a sequence number, rather than a value to
- compare with \count0 values. Thus, using /LAST=9/ABSOLUTE will end with
- the ninth page of the document, no matter what the pages are actually
- numbered.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /MANUAL
- .skip 1
- .lm 2
- Specify manual feed for printer.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /NUMBER
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /NUMBER=num
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- At most num pages will be printed. Default is 100000.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /OUTPUT
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /OUTPUT=filename.ext
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- The output will be sent to file name. If no file name is given,
- the default name is file.ps where the dvi file was called
- file.dvi .
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /START
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /START=num
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- The first page printed will be the first one numbered
- num. Default is the first page in the document.
- .skip 1
- If the /ABSOLUTE qualifier has been used then it (and any argument to the
- /LAST qualifier) is treated as a sequence number, rather than a value to
- compare with \count0 values. Thus, using /START=3/ABSOLUTE will start with
- the third page of the document, no matter what the pages are actually
- numbered.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /QUIET
- .skip 1
- .lm 2
- Run in quiet mode. Don't chatter about pages converted,
- etc.; report nothing but errors to standard error.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /REVERSE
- .skip 1
- .lm 2
- Stack pages in reverse order. Normally, page 1 will be printed
- first.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /SAV__RES
- .skip 1
- .lm 2
- Causes the entire global output to be enclosed in a save/restore
- pair. This causes the file to not be truly conformant, and is
- thus not recommended, but is useful if you are driving the printer
- directly and don't care too much about the portability of the
- output.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /MODE
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /MODE=modename
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- This sets the paper mode to modename. Currently, the only modes
- allowable are
- .skip 1
- .literal
- "letter", which selects an 8.5 by 11 inch page,
- "a3", which selects an a3 sized page,
- "a4" , which selects an a4 sized page,
- "legal", which selects an 8.5 by 14 inch page,
- "ledger", which selects an 11 by 17 inch page, and
- "landscape", which rotates a letter size document by 90 degrees.
- .end literal
- .skip 1
- WARNING: always include paper format between quotation marks!
- .skip 1
- The default mode is "letter". The upper left corner of each page in
- the dvi file is placed one inch from the left and one inch from the top.
- .skip 1
- If you want to specify a paper format (e.g. a4) AND landscape
- mode, you must use something like
- .literal
- /MODE=("landscape","a4")
- .end literal
- putting "landscape" as the first value.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /MAGNIFICATION
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /MAGNIFICATION=num
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Set the magnification ratio to num/1000. Overrides the
- magnification specified in the dvi file. Must be between 10 and
- 100000.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /COLLATE
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /COLLATE=num
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Create num copies, but collated (by replicating the data in the
- PostScript file). Slower than the /COPIES option, but easier on
- the hands, and faster than resubmitting the same PostScript file
- multiple times.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /DPI
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /DPI=num
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Set the resolution in dpi (dots per inch) to num. This
- affects the choice of bitmap fonts that are loaded and also the
- positioning of letters in resident PostScript fonts. Must be
- between 10 and 10000. This affects both the horizontal and
- vertical resolution. If a high resolution (something greater than
- 400 dpi, say) is selected, the /COMPRESS flag should probably also
- be used.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /CTRL__D
- .skip 1
- .lm 2
- Causes Control-D (ASCII code 4) to be appended as the
- very last character of the PostScript file. This is useful
- when dvips is driving the printer directly instead of working
- through a spooler, as is common on extremely small systems.
- Otherwise, it is not recommended.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /INC__COM
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /INC__COM (default)
- .break
- /NOINC__COM
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- /NOINC__COM option causes comments in included PostScript graphics,
- font files, and headers to be removed. This is sometimes
- necessary to get around bugs in spoolers or PostScript
- post-processing programs. Specifically, the %%Page comments,
- when left in, often cause difficulties. Use of this flag can
- cause some included graphics to fail, since the PostScript header
- macros from some software packages read portions of the
- input stream line by line, searching for a particular comment.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /COMMENT
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /COMMENT (default)
- .break
- /NOCOMMENT
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- /NOCOMMENT turns off structured comments; this might be necessary
- on some systems that try to interpret PostScript comments in weird
- ways, or on some PostScript printers. Old versions of Transcript
- in particular cannot handle modern Encapsulated PostScript.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /PRINTER
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /PRINTER=printername
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Sets up the output for the appropriate printer. This is
- implemented by reading in config.printername , which can set
- various parameters such as the font paths and any other defaults
- for that printer only. It is recommended that all standard
- defaults go in the one master config.ps file and only things that
- vary printer to printer go in the config.printername files. Note
- that config.ps is read before config.printername. In
- addition, another file called "/.dvipsrc is searched for
- immediately after config.ps; this file is intended for user
- defaults. If no /PRINTER command is given, the environment
- variable PRINTER is checked. If that variable exists, and a
- corresponding configuration file exists, that configuration file
- is read in.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /VM__SAVE
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /VM__SAVE (default)
- .break
- /NOVM__SAVE
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- /NOVM__SAVE disables a PostScript virtual memory saving optimization that
- stores the character metric information in the same string that is used to
- store the bitmap information. This is only necessary when driving the Xerox
- 4045 PostScript interpreter, and it is caused by a bug in that interpreter that
- results in `garbage' on the bottom of each character. Not recommended unless
- you must drive this printer.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /H__DPI
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /H__DPI=num
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Set the horizontal resolution in dots per inch to num.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /V__DPI
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /V__DPI=num
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Set the vertical resolution in dots per inch to num.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /COMPRESS
- .skip 1
- .lm 2
- Causes bitmapped fonts to be compressed before they are downloaded, thereby
- reducing the size of the PostScript font-downloading information. Especially
- useful at high resolutions or when very large fonts are used. Will slow down
- printing somewhat, especially on early 68000-based PostScript printers.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- .!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
- .! New stuff for version 5.497
- .!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
- /HEADER
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /HEADER=file-spec
- .break
- /NOHEADER
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Prepend file "file-spec" as an additional header file. However, if the name
- is simply `-', suppress all header files from the output. Similarly,
- /NOHEADER suppress all header files from the output. This header file gets
- added to the PostScript userdict. (Corresponds to the -h option)
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /ABSOLUTE
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- If the /ABSOLUTE qualifier has been used then any argument to the /START
- and/or /LAST qualifiers are treated as sequence numbers, rather than a
- value to compare with \count0 values. Thus, using /START=3/ABSOLUTE will
- start with the third page of the document, no matter what the pages are
- actually numbered.
- (Corresponds to the -p and -l options)
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /EPSF
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Makes `dvips' attempt to generate an EPSF file with a tight bounding box.
- This only works on one-page files, and it only looks at marks made by
- characters and rules, not by any included graphics. In addition, it gets
- the glyph metrics from the `tfm' file, so characters that lie outside their
- enclosing `tfm' box may confuse it. In addition, the bounding box might be
- a bit too loose if the character glyph has significant left or right side
- bearings. Nonetheless, this option works well for creating small EPSF files
- for equations or tables or the like. (Note, of course, that `dvips' output
- is resolution dependent and thus does not make very good EPSF files,
- especially if the images are to be scaled; use these EPSF files with a great
- deal of care.)
- (Corresponds to the -E option)
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /PRESCAN
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Conserve memory by making three passes over the `dvi' file instead of two
- and only loading those characters actually used. Generally only useful on
- machines with a very limited amount of memory, like some PCs.
- (Corresponds to the -a option)
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /PAGECOPIES
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /PAGECOPIES=num
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Generate `num' copies of each page, but duplicating the page body rather
- than using the `#numcopies' option. This can be useful in conjunction with
- a header file setting \bop-hook to do color separations or other neat
- tricks. (Corresponds to the -b option)
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /SEPARATE
- .skip 1
- .lm 2
- Make each section be a separate file. Under certain circumstances,
- `dvips' will split the document up into `sections' to be processed
- independently; this is most often done for memory reasons. Using this
- option tells `dvips' to place each section into a separate file; the
- new file names are created replacing the suffix of the supplied output
- file name by a three-digit sequence number.
- .break
- This option is most often used in conjunction with the /SEC_SIZE qualifier
- which sets the maximum section length in pages. For instance, some
- phototypesetters cannot print more than ten or so consecutive pages before
- running out of steam; these options can be used to automatically split a
- book into ten-page sections, each to its own file. (Corresponds to the -i
- option)
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /CROPMARKS
- .skip 1
- .lm 2
- Print crop marks. This option increases the paper size (which should be
- specified, either with a paper size special or with the /PSIZE qualifier) by
- a half inch in each dimension. It translates each page by a quarter inch
- and draws cross-style crop marks. It is mostly useful with typesetters that
- can set the page size automatically. (Corresponds to the -k option)
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /SEC_SIZE
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /SEC_SIZE=num
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Set the maximum number of pages in each `section'. This option is most
- commonly used with the /SEPARATE qualifier; see that documentation above for
- more information. (Corresponds to the -S option)
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /HELP
- .skip 1
- .lm 2
- Displays a summary of the comand line options for the DVIPS program, but it
- show the UNIX version. Not much use to the VMS people, maybe one day we can
- set it to read this help library through the LBR$ utility routines.
- (Corresponds to the -? option)
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /MAKEFONT
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /MAKEFONT (default)
- /NOMAKEFONT
- .lm 2
- By default an attempt is made to make missing fonts. Use of /NOMAKEFONT
- turns off the automatic font generation facility. If any fonts are missing,
- commands to generate the fonts are appended to the file `missfont.log' in
- the current directory; this file can then be executed and deleted to create
- the missing fonts.
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /PSIZE
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /PSIZE="xsize,ysize"
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Set the paper size to the given pair of dimensions. This option takes
- its arguments in the same style as /POFFSET. It overrides any paper
- size special in the `dvi' file.
- .skip 1
- Example : /PSIZE="6in,8in"
- .skip 1
- .lm 0
- /POFFSET
- .skip 1
- .lm 6
- /POFFSET="xoffset,yoffset"
- .lm 2
- .skip 1
- Move the origin by a certain amount. The `offset' is a comma-separated
- pair of dimensions, such as ".1in,-.3cm" (in the same syntax used in
- the /PSIZE qualifier). The origin of the page is shifted from the
- default position (of one inch down, one inch to the right from the upper
- left corner of the paper) by this amount.
- .skip 1
- Example : /POFFSET=".1in,-.3cm"
- .skip 1
- .!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
- .lm 0
- 2 Specials
- .skip 1
- .lm 2
- For a description of the special features of dvips see the dvips manual a LaTeX
- version of which may be copied using the command
- .skip 1
- copy tex$postscript:dvips.tex dvips.tex
-