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OS/2 Help File
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1991-12-07
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22KB
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826 lines
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 1. About the SourceCalc Calculator ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The SourceCalc Calculator is a general purpose, PM screen, calculator with
capabilities for Decimal, Hexadecimal, Binary, and Octal intermix calculations
and presentation.
SourceCalc provides memory register storage, along with serial and constant
calculations. Both binary, boolean and unitary (reciprocal and square root)
operations are available.
Hexadecimal and binary calculations are performed on 32 bit unsigned
integers. Decimal numbers are limited to 12 digits. Decimal calculations are
limited to 8 decimal places.
Hexadecimal, binary and octal calculations are limited to +429,467,294
(decimal) and -2,147,483,646 (decimal). Fractional decimal numbers cannot be
converted to binary, hexadecimal, or octal presentations.
For additional information select one of the following topics:
* Keyboard and Mouse Input
* Serial Calculations
* Constant Calculations
* Numeric Base Mode
* Memory
* Boolean Operations
* Clearing Accumulators
* Keys
SourceCalcisaproductof
SourceLine Software, Inc.
7770 Regents Rd. #113-502
San Diego, California
(619) 597-4713
Version 1.0
(C) 1991 SourceLine Software, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2. SourceCalc Keys and Buttons ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The following keys define the keyboard operation of SourceCalc.
Standard Keyboard:
Numeric 0-9
Hexadecimal A(a)-F(f)
Esc Equivalent to "C/E"
Enter Equivalent to "="
SHIFT + Plus Operator
- Minus Operator
SHIFT * Multiply Operator
Ў Divide Operator
. (Period) Decimal Point
Keypad: (Not necessary to set 'Num Lock')
Numeric 0-9
Enter Equivalent to "="
. (Period) Decimal Point
+,-,*,Ў Operators
Function Keys + (Combination of pressing Function Key and then a command key.
F1 (General Help - No additional key required)
F3 + (Numeric Base Mode)
D(d) - Decimal
H(h) - Hexadecimal
B(b) - Binary
O(o) - Octal
F4 + (Memory)
S(s) - Store in Memory
R(r) - Recall Memory Value
A(a) - Add to Memory
D(d) - Display Memory
F5 + (Other Functions and Operators)
&(7) - Boolean AND
|(\) - Boolean OR
X(x) - Boolean XOR
N(n) - Boolean NOT
Q(q) - Square Root
R(r) - Reciprocal
C(c) - C/E Clear
A(a) - All Clear
>(.) - Shift Right
<(,) - Shift Left
S(s) - Change Sign (ё)
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3. Boolean AND Operator ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The boolean AND operator is a binary operator requiring two arguments. The
result is a bitwise AND of up to 32 bits. Fractional decimal numbers cannot be
used in this operation and will produce an error.
Example (binary)
1101011AND
0011001
=========
0001001 Result
See Also: OR, XOR, NOT.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4. Boolean OR Operator ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The boolean OR operator is a binary operator requiring two arguments. The
result is a bitwise OR of up to 32 bits. Fractional decimal numbers cannot be
used in this operation and will produce an error.
Example (binary)
1101011OR
0011001
=========
1111011 Result
See Also: AND, XOR, NOT.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 5. Boolean XOR Operator ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The boolean XOR operator is a binary operator requiring two arguments. The
result is a bitwise exclusive OR of up to 32 bits. Fractional decimal numbers
cannot be used in this operation and will produce an error.
Example (binary)
1101011XOR
0011001
=========
1110110 Result
The Exclusive OR results in a bit set true if either argument bit is set, but
not both. The unique characteristic of this operator is that either argument
XOR with the result will yield the other argument in a this reversal process.
See Also: OR, AND, NOT.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 6. Boolean NOT Operator ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The boolean NOT operator is a unitary operator inverting each of the 32 bits
of an argument. Fractional decimal numbers will be truncated to a whole number
prior to executing this function.
Example (binary)
1101011NOT
=========
11111111111111111111111110010100 Result
See Also: OR, AND, XOR.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 7. Reciprocal Function (1/x) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The Reciprocal Function (1/x) is unitary operator and is equivalent to
dividing the argument into 1 (one). Reciprocating a Hexadecimal, binary or
Octal number will be performed, however the fractional result cannot be
displayed except in the "Decimal Mode".
Example (decimal)
100 1 / x
=========
.001 Result
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 8. Square Root Function (Sqrt) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The Square Root Function is unitary operator and calculates the square root
of the displayed argument. If the result of this function is fractional, a
"Display Error" will be indicated in the Hexadecimal, Binary, or Octal Mode.
Displaying the fractional value of the square root of a hexadecimal number is
achieved by switching the result to "Decimal".
Example (decimal)
64( Sqrt )
=========
8 Result
═══ 9. Change Sign (ё) ═══
Pressing this button will reverse the sign of the numeric value shown in the
display panel. This button can be pressed a second time to restore the sign
of the number.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 10. Equals button (=) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Pressing this button will complete a calculation and displays the result in
the display panel.
Additional calculations can be performed with this result as the first
argument by entering an operator (+,-,*,/, etc) and another argument value.
Constant calculations can be continued after the equal button is pressed by
entering an argument and again pressing the equal button.
All accumulators can be cleared to zero by pressing 'C/E' or the 'Esc' button
after pressing the '=' button.
The 'Enter' key is equivalent to the '=' button.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 11. Clear Argument/Error (C/E) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Pressing this button will clear the currently displayed argument and return
to the previous calculation step if the calculation is not completed.
As an example:
Enter '12'.
Enter '+'.
Enter '5'.
Press 'C/E'. Note that '12' is displayed and the operator '+' has been
removed from the screen, and the last argument '5' has been cleared from the
calculator.
To continue, enter an operator (+,-,*,/) and the second argument to complete
the calculation.
Enter '+'.
Enter '8'.
Press '='. The result '20' will be displayed.
This operator will clear all accumulators following an '=' or 'Enter' button.
If the 'error' sign is displayed, this operator will clear all accumulators
to terminate the current calculation.
The 'Esc' button is equivalent to the 'C/E' button.
In order to clear all accumulators in mid-process of a calculation, this
button have to be pressed twice. The numeric display will indicate the state
of the accumulators. When the display shows '0', the accumulators have been
cleared.
This operator does not clear memory.
See also: All Clear.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 12. ALL Clear (A/C) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Pressing this button will clear all accumulators and memory from the
calculator. This button effectively resets the calculator to its initialized
state.
See also: Clear Accumulator.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 13. Mode Decimal (Dec) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Pressing this button will set the calculator into the Decimal display mode.
Input and display is limited to 9 (nine) decimal places, and 12 total numeric
digits.
The input keys A through F are disabled in this mode.
See Also: Mode Hexadecimal, Mode Binary, Mode Octal.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 14. Mode Binary (Bin) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Pressing this button will set the calculator into the Binary display mode.
Input and display is limited to 32 (thirty-two) binary digits. Fractional,
numbers cannot be displayed and will show 'Display Error'. Press 'Dec' to
display the decimal equivalent of the fractional number.
The Binary display contains single quote marks every four bits, and a double
quote mark at sixteen bits.
Binary input and display is limited to +429,467,294 (decimal) and
-2,147,483,646 (decimal).
The input keys 2 through F are disabled in this mode along with the decimal
point.
See Also: Mode Decimal, Mode Hexadecimal, Mode Octal.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 15. Mode Hexadecimal (Hex) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Pressing this button will set the calculator into the Hexadecimal display
mode.
Input and display is limited to 8 (eight) hexadecimal digits. Fractional,
numbers cannot be displayed and will show 'Display Error'. Press 'Dec' to
display the decimal equivalent of the fractional number.
The Hexadecimal display contains single quote mark after four digits.
Hex input and display is limited to +429,467,294 (decimal) and -2,147,483,646
(decimal).
The decimal point is disabled in this mode.
See Also: Mode Decimal, Mode Binary, Mode Octal.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 16. Mode Octal (Oct) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Pressing this button will set the calculator into the Octal display mode.
Input and display is limited to 12 (twelve) Octal digits. Fractional, numbers
cannot be displayed and will show 'Display Error'. Press 'Dec' to display the
decimal equivalent of the fractional number.
Octal input and display is limited to +429,467,294 (decimal) and
-2,147,483,646 (decimal).
The input keys 8 through F are disabled in this mode along with the decimal
point.
See Also: Mode Decimal, Mode Hexadecimal, Mode Binary.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 17. Shift Right () ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Pressing the Shift Right button will shift the display one digit to the
right. This effectively right truncates the number displayed by one digit, or
divides the display number by the base number ( Binary = 2, Decimal = 10,
Hexadecimal = 16, Octal = 8).
By changing the Base Mode, the digit shifted can represent four bits (Hex),
one bit (Binary), three bits (Octal), or a decimal digit.
See Also: Shift Left.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 18. Shift Left () ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Pressing the Shift Left button will shift the display one digit to the left.
This effectively multiplies the number displayed by the base number ( Binary =
2, Decimal = 10, Hexadecimal = 16, Octal = 8). Shift Left will insert a zero
(0) into the rightmost filled position.
By changing the Base Mode, the digit shifted can represent four bits (Hex),
one bit (Binary), three bits (Octal), or a decimal digit.
See Also: Shift Right.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 19. Multiply Operator (*) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the multiplication operator.
═══ 20. Divide Operator (Ў) ═══
This is the division operator.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 21. Subtract Operator (-) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the subtraction operator.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 22. Add Operator (+) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the addition operator.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 23. Decimal Point (.) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the decimal point.
This key is disabled in the Hexadecimal, Binary, and Octal Numeric Base Mode.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 24. Memory Recall (Rcl) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Pressing the Memory Recall button makes the current display value equal to
the value in memory.
See Also: Memory Add, Memory Store, Memory Display.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 25. Memory Add (Add) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Pressing the Memory Add button add the current displayed number to the memory
accumulator.
See Also: Memory Recall, Memory Store, Memory Display.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 26. Memory Store (Sto) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Pressing the Memory Store button replaces the value in memory with the
currently display number.
The Memory accumulator can be cleared by storing zero (0).
See Also: Memory Add, Memory Recall, Memory Display.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 27. Display Memory (M) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Pressing the Display Memory button a popup panel will display the current
value of the Memory accumulator. This display will be in the format determined
by the current Base Number Mode (Decimal, Hexadecimal, Binary or Octal).
See Also: Memory Add, Memory Store, Memory Recall.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 28. Numeric 0 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the numeric 0 (zero) button.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 29. Numeric 1 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the numeric 1 (one) button.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 30. Numeric 2 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the numeric 2 (two) button.
This button is disabled in the Binary mode.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 31. Numeric 3 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the numeric 3 (three) button.
This button is disabled in the Binary mode.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 32. Numeric 4 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the numeric 4 (four) button.
This button is disabled in the Binary mode.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 33. Numeric 5 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the numeric 5 (five) button.
This button is disabled in the Binary mode.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 34. Numeric 6 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the numeric 6 (six) button.
This button is disabled in the Binary mode.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 35. Numeric 7 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the numeric 7 (seven) button.
This button is disabled in the Binary mode.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 36. Numeric 8 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the numeric 8 (eight) button.
This button is disabled in the Binary mode.
This button is disabled in the Octal mode.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 37. Numeric 9 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the numeric 9 (zero) button.
This button is disabled in the Binary mode.
This button is disabled in the Octal mode.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 38. Hexadecimal A ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the hexadecimal A button.
This button is disabled in the Binary mode.
This button is disabled in the Octal mode.
This button is disabled in the Decimal mode.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 39. Hexadecimal B ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the hexadecimal B button.
This button is disabled in the Binary mode.
This button is disabled in the Octal mode.
This button is disabled in the Decimal mode.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 40. Hexadecimal C ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the hexadecimal C button.
This button is disabled in the Binary mode.
This button is disabled in the Octal mode.
This button is disabled in the Decimal mode.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 41. Hexadecimal D ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the hexadecimal D button.
This button is disabled in the Binary mode.
This button is disabled in the Octal mode.
This button is disabled in the Decimal mode.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 42. Hexadecimal E ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the hexadecimal E button.
This button is disabled in the Binary mode.
This button is disabled in the Octal mode.
This button is disabled in the Decimal mode.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 43. Hexadecimal F ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This is the hexadecimal F button.
This button is disabled in the Binary mode.
This button is disabled in the Octal mode.
This button is disabled in the Decimal mode.
See Also: Keys.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 44. Keyboard and Mouse Input ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
SourceCalc provides for the use of the mouse, standard and keypad keyboard
to enter numeric input into the calculator. The use of special function keys
is also supported.
All the calculator functions, operators, online help and numeric input is
accessed by pressing the calculator buttons with the mouse cursor.
All numeric input (0-9), including the decimal point, and the standard fours
calculation operators (+,-,*,\) can be entered from the standard keypad. The
application automatically recognizes these keys without placing the keypad the
'numeric lock' mode.
The standard "typewriter" keyboard can be used to input all numeric values,
including the hexadecimal values (A-F), in addition to the standard four
calculation operators (+,-,\,*). The keys function as if you were typing in the
input. The shift key is required to enter the operators (+,*,).
The function keys F3, F4, and F5 preceding an additional designated key are
equivalent to many of the special operator buttons on the calculator.
F3 - Base Mode (Decimal, Binary, Hexadecimal, Octal).
F4 - Memory functions.
F5 - All other calculator functions.
See Also: Keys.
Additional Topics:
* Serial Calculations
* Constant Calculations
* Numeric Base Mode
* Memory
* Boolean Operations
* Clearing Accumulators
* Keys
* About pCalc
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 45. Serial Calculations ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Serial calculation is the normal mode of entering multiple calculations where
the result of the first operation is the argument to the next calculation, and
so on.
You can perform serial calculations by repeatedly entering an calculation
operator followed by an argument. The result of each intermediate calculation
will be displayed.
As an example:
2 +
3 (Result displayed: 5) +
6 (Result displayed: 11) +
4 (Result displayed: 15) ...
If an argument is entered incorrectly, press the Clear button "C/E" (or
"Esc"). The display will return to the previous result. At this time you can
enter a new operator and argument.
At the conclusion of the serial calculations you can press "=" (or the 'Enter'
key).
You can clear the accumulator by pressing "A/C" or by pressing "C/E" two
times.
Additional Topics:
* Keyboard and Mouse Input
* Constant Calculations
* Numeric Base Mode
* Memory
* Boolean Operations
* Clearing Accumulators
* Keys
* About SourceCalc
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 46. Constant Calculations ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
Constant calculations allow you to enter a value to be calculated against a
number of other arguments. Entering a base rate to multiply a number of
factors is an example of a constant calculation.
Constant calculations begin with the constant value entered as the first
argument, followed by the operator and the second argument.
Enter the "=" key to obtain the result of this operation.
For the second and subsequent constant calculations, simply enter another
argument and press "=" to obtain the result of this next calculation.
As an example:
12 * (constant and Multiply operator)
2
===
24 Result
3 (next argument to multiply constant by)
==
36 Result ( 12 * 3 )
Additional Topics:
* Keyboard and Mouse Input
* Serial Calculations
* Numeric Base Mode
* Memory
* Boolean Operations
* Clearing Accumulators
* Keys
* About SourceCalc
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 47. Numeric Base Mode ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The Base Mode determines the display of the input arguments and the
calculation results. Within certain display rules, any value displayed can be
converted to another numeric base (decimal, hexadecimal, binary, or octal) by
using the mode buttons, or by entering the appropriate function keys (F3 + m).
If a numeric value cannot be properly displayed, eg fractional decimal number
converted to hexadecimal, a "Display Error" message will appear. This error
will be corrected simply by changing the display mode back to decimal. The
display error occurs as a result of trying to display fractional numbers in
hex, binary, or octal; or trying to convert a decimal number too large for the
32 bit accumulator for binary, hexadecimal or octal.
Hexadecimal, binary, and octal calculations are limited to +429,467,294
(decimal) and -2,147,483,646 (decimal). Fractional decimal numbers cannot be
converted to binary, hexadecimal, or octal presentations.
See Also: Mode Decimal, Mode Hexadecimal, Mode Binary, Mode Octal.
Additional Topics:
* Keyboard and Mouse Input
* Serial Calculations
* Constant Calculations
* Memory
* Boolean Operations
* Clearing Accumulators
* Keys
* About SourceCalc
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 48. Memory ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This calculator will store one value in memory. The four keyboard commands
that control the memory function are:
Add - Add the displayed value to the memory accumulator.
Sto - Store the displayed value in memory.
Rcl - Recall the value in memory to become the current argument.
"M" - Display the current value in memory.
The Add function combines the currently displayed argument with the value in
memory.
The Store function replaces any value in memory with the currently displayed
number. This can be used to clear memory, by storing "0".
Recall bring the current value of memory to be the displayed argument for any
calculation.
"M" simply displays the current value of memory in a pop-up box. The display
will be in the same numeric base as determined by the Base Mode selection
(Decimal, Hexadecimal, Binary, or Octal).
See Also: Mode Decimal, Mode Hexadecimal, Mode Binary, Mode Octal.
And Also: Memory Add, Memory Store, Memory Recall, Memory Display.
Additional Topics:
* Keyboard and Mouse Input
* Serial Calculations
* Constant Calculations
* Numeric Base Mode
* Boolean Operations
* Clearing Accumulators
* Keys
* About SourceCalc
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 49. Boolean Operations ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The Boolean Operators supported by this calculator are:
OR - Bitwise OR
AND - Bitwise AND
XOR - Exclusive Bitwise OR
NOT - Twos Compliment (Inverting each bit)
The first four Boolean Operators require two arguments, the 'NOT' operator is
a unitary operator, inverting all bits of a single argument.
The Boolean operators can be performed on decimal whole numbers, hexadecimal,
binary and octal arguments.
See Also: OR, AND, XOR, NOT.
Additional Topics:
* Keyboard and Mouse Input
* Serial Calculations
* Constant Calculations
* Numeric Base Mode
* Memory
* Clearing Accumulators
* Keys
* About SourceCalc
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 50. Clear Accumulators ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The accumulators in SourceCalc can be cleared in a number of ways depending
upon the desired result.
'A/C' clears all accumulators, including memory. The function key
combination for 'All Clear' is F5 + A.
The 'C/E' button clears the currently displayed accumulator. If you are in
mid-process of a calculation, the previous result will appear in the display.
You can continue by entering an operator and another argument.
Double pressing the 'C/E' button will clear all calculator arguments, but not
memory, if you are in mid-process of a calculation.
If the last button pressed was '=' (or Enter), a single 'C/E' will clear your
accumulators.
If "error" appears in the display, press 'C/E' to clear all arguments, and
prepare to restart the calculation.
See Also: Clear Accumulator, and All Clear.
Additional Topics:
* Keyboard and Mouse Input
* Serial Calculations
* Constant Calculations
* Numeric Base Mode
* Memory
* Boolean Operations
* Keys
* About SourceCalc