Monster Media 1993 #2/Image.iso/graphics/grfwk61w.zip/GWS.DOC

Text File | 1993-07-25 | 150KB | 3,532 lines

Graphic Workshop
███████████████████████████


▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀

If you like this program, please:

Send us $40.00, the normal user fee for Graphic Workshop.

Registered users of Graphic Workshop are entitled to phone support,
notification of upgrades and good karma. When you register it,
we'll send you a copy of the latest version. Please tell us the
version number of your copy of Graphic Workshop when you register. Our
address can be found in the Registration section of this
document.

NOTE: You can register Graphic Workshop with an American Express
or Visa card by calling 1-800-263-1138 (toll free) from the
United States or 1-416-729-4969 from other places. (The area code
for Alchemy Mindworks' non-800 numbers will change from 416 to
905 after October 4, 1993.)

Overseas distributors:

AUSTRIA:
PEARL AGENCY Osterreich, Grunburgerstr. 7a, A-4540 Bad Hall

BRITAIN:
The Public Domain & Shareware Library Ltd., Winscombe House,
Beacon Road, Crowborough, Sussex, TN6 1UL, England, telephone
0892 663298, FAX [phone], BBS 0892 661149.

DENMARK:
Prof Shareware, Benloese Skel 4 G, DK 4100, Ringsted, Denmark.

FRANCE:
DP Tool Club, 102 rue des fusilles, 59650 Villeneuve
d'Ascq, France, telephone [phone], fax [phone].

GERMANY:
PEARL AGENCY Tel [phone], Fax [phone]

JAPAN:
P&A Shareware, 302 Bellwins, 1367-23, Nakagami, Akishima, Tokyo,
JAPAN 196, telephone [phone], FAX [phone]

SWITZERLAND:
PEARL AGENCY Groamattstr. 16, CH-8964 Rudolfstein

NOTE: We now have a bulletin board system. See the section on
contacting Alchemy Mindworks for more information.
NOTE: Registered users of Graphic Workshop will receive the
Graphic Workshop accessory disk and the Graphic Workshop screen
capture utility at no extra cost.

WARNING: Do not use earlier versions of GWS.RES with this version
of Graphic Workshop.


CONTENTS
███████████████████

Introduction

Hardware and Software

File Formats
   Macpaint
   GEM/IMG
   PC Paintbrush PCX
   CompuServe GIF
   TIFF
   WordPerfect Graphics WPG
   Deluxe Paint/Amiga IFF/LBM
   PC Paint Pictor PIC
   Truevision Targa
   Windows 3 BMP
   Microsoft Paint MSP
   Encapsulated PostScript EPS
   Self-displaying EXE pictures
   Text files
   Halo CUT
   Windows 3 RLE
   PFS:First Publisher Art files
   Sun Raster

24-bit files

Using the Main Menu
   Help
   Control keys
   Viewing and colour adjustment
   Printing
   Conversion
   Dithering
   Getting file information
   Cropping
   Reversing
   Transforming
   Special effects
   Scanning

Screen Capture

Configuration
   Runtime editing
   Screen driver selection
   Printer driver selection

DesqView, QEMM and Other Environments

Script Language

Ventura Tricks

Corel Draw Tricks

A Word About Memory

A Word About Mice

If you Encounter a Problem

Contacting Alchemy Mindworks Inc.

Shareware Registration

Bundling Graphic Workshop

Source Code and Books

Graphic Workshop Accessory Disk

Shareware Distributors

Revision History

Legal Dogma


INTRODUCTION
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
Graphic Workshop is a program for working with bitmapped graphic files. It
will handle most of the popular formats, as listed in the
contents section of this document.

Graphic Workshop is a simple, menu driven environment which will
let you perform the following operations on the aforementioned
files.

- View them.
- Convert between any two formats (with a few restrictions).
- Print them to any LaserJet Plus compatible or PostScript laser
  and many dot matrix printers. Graphic Workshop can print colour
  pictures to colour PostScript and inkjet printers.
- Dither and threshold the colour ones to black and white.
- Reverse them.
- Rotate and flip them.
- Scale them.
- Reduce the number of colours in them and do colour dithering.
- Sharpen, soften and otherwise wreak special effects on them.
- Crop them down to smaller files
- Scan in completely new files, assuming that you have a
  supported scanner.
- Adjust the brightness, contrast and colour balance of the
  colour ones.
- Capture your screen to a PCX file in most of the popular VGA
  and super VGA text and graphic modes.

Using Graphic Workshop, you can have your image files in the
formats that your software recognizes, all without keeping track
of numerous funky utilities. In addition, using the halftoning
and dithering facilities of Graphic Workshop, you can convert
full colour digitized photographs for use as superb black and
white clip art, suitable for inclusion in your documents.

Graphic Workshop will handle image files of any size. It will use
extended or expanded memory if you have some, and disk space if
you don't. It has a fast and easily understood user interface.
Hopefully, it lacks even the merest vestiges of bugs... a likely
story, but we hope so.

Graphic Workshop will work with a Microsoft-compatible mouse if you
have a suitable mouse driver loaded in your system prior to
running GWS.EXE.

Graphic Workshop will drive all of the popular display cards. A
complete discussion of display cards can be found later in this
document.

As it comes out of the box... or out of the ZIP...
Graphic Workshop is configured like as follows. If you want to
change some of these parameters, see the installation section of
this document.

- It attempts to autodetect the display card type.
- It uses virtual memory.
- It uses colour text.
- It prints titles on its hard copy.
- It uses the commonly required file format defaults.


HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
Graphic Workshop will run on any PC compatible system with at
least 384 kilobytes of memory. We strongly recommend that you
have at least 640 kilobytes. A few megabytes of extended or
expanded memory will make Graphic Workshop a lot faster and more
useful if you'll be working with large files.

In the absence of extra memory, a lot of free hard drive space
will help.

Graphic Workshop can drive most graphic cards. A more complete
discussion of graphic cards can be found later in this document.
If you have a CGA, EGA, stock VGA or Hercules card in your
system, Graphic Workshop will probably be able to detect it and
set itself up accordingly. If you have a super-VGA card in your
system, Graphic Workshop must be configured to use it. If you do
not do this, it will default to treating it as a stock VGA card.

Configuration is discussed in detail later in this document.

Graphic Workshop will run under DOS 2.0 or better. We recommend
that you use at least DOS 3.3. You will need a suitable expanded
or extended memory driver in your system for Graphic Workshop to
recognize your extra memory.

You should have received the following files in the
Graphic Workshop package:

- GWS.EXE - The Graphic Workshop program itself.
- GWS.RES - The Graphic Workshop resource file.
- GWS.DOC - Yes, you're reading it now.
- GWSHELP.RES - The on line help resource.
- GWSDRV.RES - All the super-VGA screen drivers.
- GWSPDR.RES - All the dot matrix printer drivers.
- GWSSCN.RES - All the scanner drivers.
- GWSINSTL.EXE - The Graphic Workshop configuration utility.
- EXAMPLE1.BMP - A monochrome picture file.
- EXAMPLE2.GIF - A sixteen-colour picture file.
- EXAMPLE3.GIF - A 256-colour picture file.
- VGACARD.COM - A tool to help select a screen driver.
- VGACARD.DOC - Read this before you use VGACARD.COM.
- ORDER.FRM - Order form to register Graphic Workshop

There is no EXAMPLE4, a 24-bit picture file, as the smallest one
we could find ran to over 400 kilobytes. There are several 24-bit
files on our bulletin board, should you want one to look at.

Registered users will also receive:
- ACCESS.ZIP - The Graphic Workshop accessory disk contents.
- GWSCAP.COM - The GWSCAP screen capture utility.
- GWSCAP.DOC - The documentation for the screen capture.


FILE FORMATS
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
Graphic Workshop works exclusively with bitmapped image files.
This is as opposed to vector or line art files. Vector files
include DXF, GEM, CDR, Harvard Graphics, Lotus PIC and CGM files,
among others. Graphic Workshop does not support vector files, nor
is it likely to in the immediate future.

In most cases, the specifications for image files are pretty
standardized, and Graphic Workshop will reliably import image
files in its supported formats without difficulty. There are a
few exceptions to this, as will be discussed in detail throughout
this section.

Each of the formats listed here also includes the maximum number
of bits of colour the format will support. You can work out the
number of colours this represents as 2 to the power of the number
of bits. Hence, an eight-bit file has 2^^8 possible colours, or
256. Twenty-four bit files have essentially an infinite number of
possible colours.


MACPAINT FILES - MAXIMUM BITS: 1
───────────────────────────────────────
These can come in two flavours. The most common one is straight
ported MacPaint files, that is, files having the "MacBinary"
header. The other is "headerless" files, these being the ones
used with PFS:First Publisher. Graphic Workshop reads both types,
but if you convert a file from a different format to MacPaint
format the file will be written in accordance with the setting of
the MacBinary header field in GWSINSTL. You can override this
with the appropriate command line switches.

Files converted to the MacPaint format from other formats will be
cropped or padded out as necessary to fit in the MacPaint
format's 576 by 720 format. Only monochrome files can be
converted to MacPaint files, since MacPaint in a monochrome-only
format.


GEM/IMG FILES - MAXIMUM BITS: 24
───────────────────────────────────────
There are actually quite a few variations on IMG files... they
handle monochrome and grey level images. The primary application
for IMG files is as the bitmapped image file format of Ventura
Publisher. Graphic Workshop supports files with up to 256 levels
of grey and 24-bit colour IMG files. Note that 24-bit IMG files
are only read and written by Ventura Publisher version 4.0 or
better.


PCX FILES - MAXIMUM BITS: 24
───────────────────────────────────
These are the files used to hold images for Z-Soft's PC
Paintbrush package. These can range from monochrome to 24-bit
images. All the various formats are supported by
Graphic Workshop.

Note that some FAX boards which export PCX files do so in a
peculiar way... they include one fewer lines of image data than
the files purport to contain. Graphic Workshop regards these as being
corrupted files. If you encounter these files, the PCXPATCH
utility available on the Graphic Workshop accessory disk,
discussed elsewhere in this document, will fix the problem.


GIF FILES - MAXIMUM BITS: 8
──────────────────────────────────
These can range from monochrome to 256-colour images in any size
you can find 'em. Graphic Workshop supports both the 87a and 89a
versions of the GIF standard. It will read the first image of GIF
files having multiple images.

The Details function of the Get Info box will display the entire
structure of a GIF file. Many newer GIF files contain text
information along with their images.

By default Graphic Workshop writes GIF 89a files. If you require
GIF 87a files, use the /G87 command line switch.


TIFF FILES - MAXIMUM BITS: 24
────────────────────────────────────
The TIFF options in Graphic Workshop can get a bit involved. The
TIFF format offers lots of options to make it applicable to a
wide variety of applications... which entails a certain amount of
confusion, as well. Registered users of Graphic Workshop are
welcome to contact us for help in unraveling the TIFF options if
needs be.

Graphic Workshop supports monochrome, colour and grey scale TIFF
files. Grey scale TIFF files can be created by converting any
colour format into TIFF with Graphic Workshop set up to produce
grey scale TIFF files, either through GWSINSTL or by using the
/TCG switch. These import into desktop publishing packages such
as Ventura for sharp looking PostScript halftones.

Note that as of this writing Ventura will read grey scale TIFF
files correctly. It seems to invert colour TIFF files.

Colour TIFF files are useful in Corel Draw, among other places.
Corel Draw 2.0 will import colour TIFF files for inclusion in
CDR graphics. This is preferable to importing colour PCX files,
as the size of a TIFF file in Corel Draw is preserved.

Some applications have trouble reading grey scale TIFF files
which have been compressed... Gray F/X chokes on them as of this
writing, for example. Others read 'em fine. For this reason,
Graphic Workshop defaults to creating compressed grey scale TIFF
files but you can tell it not to compress them if you're not sure
that whatever you'll be importing them into will read them. There
are command line switches to set up these options.

Note that due to the wide variations among the programs which
produce TIFF files, Graphic Workshop would be lying rather badly
if it claimed to be able to read all TIFF files. Specifically,
it does not read Huffman or LZW compressed TIFF files as yet, as
we haven't devised code to do this in a reasonable amount of
space. Colour TIFF files are another area in which
Graphic Workshop only handles files from some sources.

When you're creating TIFF files which will be used as desktop
publishing art or in other situations wherein they'll be printed
to a PostScript printer, you should create them with greyscale
expansion enabled. If they will be displayed on a monitor or
edited in a paint program, you may want to create them with
greyscale expansion disabled.

Whether you create colour or grey scale TIFF files will be
largely dependant on the application you want your TIFF files to
be read by. Here are a few guidelines:

- If you want to import TIFF files into Ventura or PageMaker so
  they'll output as halftones to a PostScript printer, use grey
  scale TIFF files with grey scale expansion enabled.

- If you want to import colour TIFF files into Corel Draw to
  print to a colour output device, use colour TIFF files... the
  grey scale expansion doesn't matter.

- If you want to import colour TIFF files into Corel Draw to
  print to a monochrome output device, use grey scale TIFF files
  with the grey scale expansion enabled.

- If you want to import grey scale TIFF files into a paint or
  image editing package, such as ImageIn or Desktop Paint 256,
  use grey scale TIFF files with the grey scale expansion
  disabled.

Note also that Graphic Workshop packs TIFF files with an eye to
maximum unpacking speed, rather than for optimum compression. As
such, pictures with between 32 and 256 colours will be promoted
to 256 colours. Pictures with between four and sixteen colours
will be promoted to sixteen colours.

We have found a fairly small number of applications which will
read colour TIFF files, and hence have not had much opportunity
to test the colour TIFF facility of Graphic Workshop with real
world software. The TIFF files it works with are correct
according to the TIFF specifications... but this rarely means a
lot. We will be most grateful for any feedback in this area.


WPG FILES - MAXIMUM BITS: 8 (OR MAYBE 4)
───────────────────────────────────────────────
These are the native import graphic files for WordPerfect. These
files can contain both bitmaps and line art, or vector graphics.
Graphic Workshop can only deal with the bitmapped parts of them.
If you view, print or convert a WPG file containing both
bitmapped and vector elements, the vector elements will be
discarded.

WPG files which refuse to read with Graphic Workshop are usually
those which contain only vector elements and no bitmaps. If you
use the F4 function on a WPG file which does not read, the
comments field of the file information box will say "Vector file"
if this is the case.

Graphic Workshop will deal with WPG files having one, four or
eight bits of colour information, that is, monochrome files,
sixteen-colour files and 256-colour files.

The WPG specification allows for 256-colour files. As of this
writing, WordPerfect itself would not read them. If you wish to
use 256-colour images in a WordPerfect document, you might want
to either reduce them to sixteen colours or dither them to
monochrome, depending upon what you'll be outputting them to.


MSP FILES - MAXIMUM BITS: 1
──────────────────────────────────
These are the image files used by the paint program which came
with Microsoft Windows version 2. Don't confuse these with PCX
files... some versions of Windows 2 came with a Windows
implementation of PC Paintbrush from ZSoft as well. The two
programs... and the two file formats... are not compatible. MSP
files are monochrome only.


IFF/LBM FILES - MAXIMUM BITS: 8
──────────────────────────────────────
These started out on the Amiga. The IFF file standard is
extremely flexible, and allows all sorts of things besides
images to be stored in IFF files. IFF files are found on the PC
having been ported from Amiga systems. They are also created on
the PC by several applications such as Electronic Arts' Deluxe
Paint package and Digital Vision's Computer Eyes video scanner
board. In the first case they are given the extension LBM. In
the second they are given the extension CE. The basic file
structure is the same, however.

Deluxe Paint is a bit of a problem in the way it deals
with IFF files, actually. This affects 256 colour files. Its
native format is a subclass of IFF called PBM, and compresses its
images as bytes. It's somewhat unique to Deluxe Paint, and
Electronic Arts won't tell anyone quite how it works. You can
actually work it out to a large degree, but every so often a file
created in this format in the way it seems like it should be done
refuses to load into Deluxe Paint.

The standard form for IFF image files is called ILBM,
compressing all images as planes. This is much slower, but it
means that files thus compressed will be readable by pretty well
all IFF readers... even if you port 'em back to the Amiga. This
is how Graphic Workshop creates IFF files. Unfortunately, there's
a problem with old versions of Deluxe Paint which will
occasionally cause them to stop reading one of these files part way
through the image. This happens to IFF files from sources other
than Graphic Workshop, so it's probably a bug in these versions
of Deluxe Paint. It appears to have been rectified in more recent
releases.

If you encounter an image which, when converted into an
IFF file will not read into Deluxe Paint, use the /IFN command
line switch when you run Graphic Workshop. This will disable the
IFF compression. Uncompressed files read into Deluxe Paint with
no difficulty.

You can permanently set IFF compression off when you install
Graphic Workshop if you like.

Note that Graphic Workshop only reads "pure" IFF files, and will
not handle the countless variations on the format which have
appeared on the Amiga. Specifically, it does not read hold and
modify, or HAM, files.


BMP FILES - MAXIMUM BITS: 24
───────────────────────────────────
These are the files which are used as "wallpaper" under Windows
3. They can be created using the version of PC Paintbrush
supplied with Windows.

BMP files use no image compression, as the intention appears to
be to make them fast to load. Plan on your BMP files being very
large.

There is a very important aspect of colour BMP files which you
should bear in mind when you use this format. Windows uses a
fixed palette which Windows Paint cannot go about changing, as
doing so would make the screen and border colours change too.

This means that transferring an image to the BMP format will
generally result in some colour shifts when BMP files are
imported into Windows applications.

The BMP format can support 24-bit files, which Graphic Workshop
does generate. However, as of this writing importing a 24-bit
BMP image into Windows Paint results in a noticeable colour
shift. This appears to be a peculiarity of Windows Paint.


PIC FILES - MAXIMUM BITS: 8
──────────────────────────────────
These should not be confused with Lotus 1-2-3 PIC drawing files.

PIC files are created by PC Paint (not PC Paintbrush) and are
used by Grasp, among other things. They come in many flavours.
Graphic Workshop has been tested with the most common ones. In
theory it should support them all, but that's only a theory.

PIC files are structured exceedingly weirdly, especially in their
sixteen-colour manifestations. For this reason, it's necessary
for Graphic Workshop to create a temporary scratch file while
it's packing or unpacking a sixteen-colour PIC file. You will
note that upon beginning to read or write one, the bar graph will
appear to pause for a few seconds before it starts to move.

By default, the temporary file will be written to the current
directory. However, you can direct it to somewhere else by
including the following line in your environment, for example:

        SET TEMP=H:\

This will cause the temporary file to be written to the root
directory of drive H:. You can, of course, specify any path you
like. If drive H: is a RAM drive, this will speed up the packing
and unpacking of sixteen-colour PIC files considerably.


TGA FILES - MAXIMUM BITS: 24
───────────────────────────────────
The Truevision Targa format is used by several high end paint
programs and things like ray tracing packages. It can handle
images with up to sixteen million unique colours. You might want
to read the discussion of images with 24-bit colour elsewhere in
this document.

There are a lot of variations on TGA files, and Graphic Workshop
does not handle them all as yet. Specifically, it only handles
uncompressed and run length compressed files. It ignores all
alpha channel information.

You can configure Graphic Workshop to write 24-bit images to the
Targa format with either 24 or 16 bits of colour. Selecting 24
bits will give you the best colour fideltiy, but it will also
create pretty large fils. Selecting 16 bits will reduce the file
size by about a third, at the the cost of a bit of colour
resolution. In practice, it takes a pretty good eye to tell the
difference. If you're using a high colour screen driver with
Graphic Workshop you won't be able to tell the difference at all,
as high colour boards only show you 16 bits of colour.


EPS FILES - MAXIMUM BITS: 8
──────────────────────────────────
The EPS format... encapsulated PostScript... isn't really a
bitmapped format at all. However, it may contain bitmapped data.

PostScript cannot be interpreted directly by most PC
applications. As such, an EPS file which is to be imported into
an application such as Ventura Publisher or PageMaker also
includes a "preview". A preview is a small black and white TIFF
image which will show you a rough idea of what the EPS file will
look like.

If you import an EPS file into Ventura, for example, the screen
image you see will be the preview but the data printed to your
printer will be the PostScript data itself.

Graphic Workshop can transform other file formats with between
one and eight bits of colour information... between two and 256
colours... into EPS files. Images with more than two colours will
be turned into PostScript halftones.

If you attempt to view or otherwise read an EPS file from within
Graphic Workshop, you will see the preview image, not the actual
PostScript data. This will look the same as the source data if
you have translated a monochrome file to EPS, and it will look
like a very coarse Bayer dither of the source otherwise.

Please note that the EPS files which Graphic Workshop creates are
only intended to be printed. You cannot read them into
applications such as Corel Draw or Adobe Illustrator. These
applications will not accept the large mounts of bitmapped data
which a Graphic Workshop EPS file contains.

For the most part, using EPS files in this way is no longer
necessary. Applications which import EPS files will usually allow
you to import TIFF files as well, which will provide you with
much better halftoning and screen control.

If you tell Graphic Workshop to include a preview image in the
EPS files it creates, it will write a temporary file to your disk
while it's writing the actual PostScript data. You will
note that the bar graph will pause for a while at the end of its
travel during the write process.

By default, the temporary file will be written to the current
directory. However, you can direct it to somewhere else by
including the following line in your environment, for example:

        SET TEMP=H:\

This will cause the temporary file to be written to the root
directory of drive H:. You can, of course, specify any path you
like. If drive H: is a RAM drive, this will speed up the packing
and EPS files with preview images considerably.

Note that if you attempt to convert or print an EPS file under
Graphic Workshop, the TIFF preview image will be read, not the
actual EPS information.

Note also that if you attempt to read an EPS file without a
preview, Graphic Workshop will tell you that it has encountered a
file read error. The EPS file itself may be fine...
Graphic Workshop however, can only read previews.


EXE FILES (SELF DISPLAYING PICTURES) - MAXIMUM BITS: 8
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
You can convert images with between two and 256 colours to files
with the extension EXE. Such files are self displaying pictures.
For example, if you have a file called PICTURE.GIF and you use
Graphic Workshop to translate it to PICTURE.EXE, typing PICTURE
from the command line will cause the picture to display on your
screen.

Pictures written into the EXE format can subsequently be read
back into any other format. However, note that Graphic Workshop
can only read EXE files which it has created. Use the F4 key to
check out EXE files if you aren't sure whether they're pictures
or programs.

Graphic Workshop will not read self displaying pictures written
by applications not created by Alchemy Mindworks.

In order for an EXE picture to display, the system which you
attempt to run it on must have a card which supports enough
colours to show the picture under Graphic Workshop. Specifically,
you will need a VGA card to display an EXE picture with 256
colours, at least an EGA card to display one with 16 colours and
so on.

EXE picture files support CGA, EGA, VGA and Hercules cards only.

Pictures displayed by converting them to EXE files and running
them can't be panned around, even if they're larger than your
screen. Hitting any key will return you to DOS.

An EXE picture created by Graphic Workshop will attempt to
autodetect the display card type in the machine it's run on. Some
cards are sufficiently weird that this isn't always possible. The
VGA cards in PS/2 systems are an example of this... IBMs are no
longer really IBM compatible in this regard. To get around this,
you can run EXE pictures with display card command line
overrides. These are the command line switches an EXE picture
will accept:

/CGA    - Assume there's a CGA card in the system.
/EGA    - Assume there's an EGA card in the system.
/VGA    - Assume there's a VGA card in the system.
/HER    - Assume there's a Hercules card in the system.
/VER    - Display the version number of the EXE file.
/PAR    - Assume there's a Paradise card in the system.
/ATI    - Assume there's an ATI card in the system.
/TNG    - Assume there's a Tseng 4000 card in the system.
/TRI    - Assume there's a Trident 8900 card in the system.
/OAK    - Assume there's an Oak Technologies card in the system.
/VSA    - Assume there's a VESA card in the system.
/DIS    - Disable the return to text mode.
/Wnn    - Wait nn (00 through 99) seconds and then return to DOS.
/KEY    - Allow keyboard hits to abort waiting
/FAD    - Fade in and out (VGA cards only)

If you run an EXE picture with a question mark as its command
line argument, it will display a list of its command line
switches, just like Graphic Workshop itself.

The command line switches assume that you're using DOS 3.0 or
better.

In its standard VGA or autodetection modes, a 256-colour EXE
picture will display at 640 by 480 by 256 colours if it detects a
super VGA card it recognizes, or at at 320 by 200 pixels. This
assumes that you select the appropriate switch, that your card
has at least 512 kilobytes of memory in board and that your
monitor will sync at this resolution.

If you have a super VGA card which the EXE pictures support, but
which they do not detect correctly, you can force them into the
appropriate mode with one of the switches from the foregoing
list.

You can create EXE picture files either compressed or
uncompressed. This can be selected either permanently through
GWSINSTL or by using the appropriate command line
switches when you run GWS.EXE. Uncompressed files
display quickly but take up a lot of disk space. Compressed files
usually save space but display a bit slower. Note that especially
in complex scanned or dithered images, you might find that
compression actually results in a larger file than leaving an
image uncompressed.

If you don't have need of self booting pictures, you might wish
to remove the EXE resource from Graphic Workshop's resource file,
as it will cause the main file finder screen to become cluttered
with other, unrelated EXE files which may be lying around your
directories. One EXE file looks pretty much like another until
Graphic Workshop attempts to unpack it. See the section on
resources in the accessory disk for help in doing this.

Note that when you hit a key to end the display of a picture, the
ASCII code of the key will be returned as a DOS error level,
which can be trapped in a batch file. If your picture terminates
because of the /Wnn switch instead, the error level will be zero.

You can use the /DIS, /Wnn, /KEY and /FAD switches to create
slide shows and interactive displays. Use a batch file to set up
the pictures you want to work with. The /DIS switch will make the
transition between images clean... just make sure you omit it
from the last image you display.

Here's a typical batch file:

        ECHO OFF
        PICTURE1 /FAD /DIS /W10
        PICTURE2 /FAD /DIS /W10
        PICTURE3 /FAD /W10

Note that if you use the /W00 switch, your image will return
immediately to DOS or to whatever application spawned it. This is
useful, for example, should you want to use an EXE picture to
display an image and then have the program that called it further
modify the screen contents.

The /FAD switch times its fades based on the vertical refresh
rate of your monitor, something which doesn't change from system
to system. As such, its fades should take about the same amount
of time no matter what machine you run your EXE pictures on.
Likewise, the time delays set by the /Wnn switch are based on the
system clock, and are processor independent.


TXT FILES (TEXT FILES) - MAXIMUM BITS: 1
───────────────────────────────────────────────
Graphic Workshop will create a 640 by 400 pixel, two colour image
from any ASCII text file. The text will by truncated at 80
columns and 25 lines if exceeds either dimension. It can contain
both alphabetic characters and high order IBM block graphic
characters. Tabs are expanded and all other control characters
except for carriage returns are ignored.

Note that a suitable text file must be in pure ASCII, not a
proprietary word processor format. It must have the extension
TXT.

Note that the TXT format is only capable of reading files. You
cannot write a TXT file from Graphic Workshop... there's no
sensible way for Graphic Workshop to create a text file from a
graphic.

Note that as long as you're attempting to read files, you can
treat text files just like other monochrome graphic files from
within Graphic Workshop. As such, you can view them, convert from
TXT and so on.

As with the EXE file format, you might wish to remove the TXT
resource from Graphic Workshop if you don't need it and find it's
causing a lot of spurious TXT files to be displayed in the
Graphic Workshop file finder screen... assuming you use the TXT
extension for something.


HALO CUT FILES - MAXIMUM BITS: 8
───────────────────────────────────────
The CUT format is exceedingly awkward, and Graphic Workshop makes
a few assumptions about how CUT files will be used in order to
make it workable. To begin with, CUT files don't know how many
colours they have in them. They rely on a second file, called a
PAL file, to define their colours.

Graphic Workshop looks for a PAL file to decide whether a CUT
file has two bits or eight bits of colour. If it doesn't find a
PAL file with the same name as your CUT file, it assumes that the
CUT file in question only has two bits of colour. Otherwise, it
assumes that there are 256 colours in the file.

Files written to the CUT format from Graphic Workshop will appear
as two-colour files if they started out that way or as 256-colour
files if they had more than two colours initially.

If you're using CUT files and have any suggestions to improve
Graphic Workshop's handling of them, or if you encounter problems
with its CUT files, please get in touch with us. The CUT format,
while occasionally requested, turned out to be very weird.

You can use the CUT format to fool Graphic Workshop into
promoting monochrome pictures to 256 colour pictures. Here's how
to do it. In this example, we'll convert the EXAMPLE1.IMG file
included with this package to a 256-colour GIF file.

1. Convert EXAMPLE1.IMG to EXAMPLE1.CUT.
2. Convert EXAMPLE2.GIF to EXAMPLE2.CUT
3. Hit S to shell to DOS.
4. Rename EXAMPLE2.PAL to EXAMPLE1.PAL.
5. Type EXIT to return to Graphic Workshop.
6. Convert EXAMPLE1.CUT to EXAMPLE1.GIF.

Having done this, EXAMPLE1.GIF will prove to have 256 colours.
You can delete all the CUT and PAL files involved.

This procedure works because it creates a PAL file for
EXAMPLE1.CUT, even though by rights it shouldn't have one.
Graphic Workshop will thereupon assume that EXAMPLE1.CUT is a
256-colour image, since there's a PAL file for it.

The original EXAMPLE2.GIF's palette has black for colour zero and
something approaching white for colour one... these are the
colours that will be assigned to the original black and white
pixels in EXAMPLE1.CUT. If you have Desktop Paint 256 or some
other paint package that will let you change colour values
around, you might want to create a version of EXAMPLE2.GIF with
its first colour set to pure black and its second colour set to
pure white for this procedure.


WINDOWS RLE FILES - MAXIMUM BITS: 8
──────────────────────────────────────────
The RLE format is actually a variation on the BMP format
discussed previously. It has two primary uses under Windows. It
can be used to create compressed wallpaper files and it can be
used to replace the opening Windows logo screen with one of your
own choosing.

The RLE format uses compression, unlike BMP files, and as such
wallpaper created as RLE files will occupy less space on your
disk. At least, it should. If you store very complex scanned or
dithered images in the RLE format, they may confuse the run
length encoding procedure and actually result in larger files
than they would have created as BMP files.

To use an RLE file as wallpaper, place the file you wish to use
in your \WINDOWS subdirectory. Use the Windows control panel to
select your wallpaper file as you normally would... the only
difference is that you will have to type in the name of the RLE
file you wish to use, as the file selector in the control panel
only looks for BMP files.

Technically, RLE files used as wallpaper should take a little
longer to load. In practice, this is rarely noticeable.

Using an RLE file to change the startup Windows logo is a bit
tricky, but it's arguably worth the effort if you're tired of
looking at the Microsoft ad. You will need a sixteen-colour RLE
image of the dimensions 640 by 480... 640 by 350 if you use an
EGA card. The RLE file should be no larger than 40 or 50
kilobytes, and smaller if possible. For this example, we'll allow
that the file is called NEWLOGO.RLE, located in the \WINDOWS
subdirectory.

Go to the \WINDOWS\SYSTEM subdirectory and issue the following
command at the DOS prompt.

COPY /B WIN.CNF+VGALOGO.LGO+C:\WINDOWS\NEWLOGO.RLE C:\WINDOWS\WIN2.COM

This will create a new program called WIN2.COM. If you start
Windows by typing WIN2, rather than WIN, you will see your logo
rather than Microsoft's. This will not affect your normal WIN.COM
program.

There are several things to be aware of in this procedure. The
most important is that the resulting WIN2.COM cannot be bigger
than 65535 bytes, which is why you must keep your RLE file down
to a modest size. If it exceeds these limits, WIN2.COM will
refuse to run.

Secondly, if your RLE file is of dimensions other than those of
your screen, it will appear incorrectly placed.

Thirdly, if you will be using an EGA card, replace the
VGALOGO.LGO file, above, with EGALOGO.LGO.

Note that when a file is converted to the sixteen-colour RLE
format by Graphic Workshop, it is permanently remapped to the
Windows default palette. This may result in a noticeable colour
shift for some images.

Graphic Workshop will read most RLE files from other sources. One
known exception is the VGALOGO.RLE file provided with Windows
3.1.


PFS ART FILES - MAXIMUM BITS - 1
───────────────────────────────────────
These are files used by Spinnaker's PFS applications. They store
graphics as uncompressed monochrome images. Graphic Workshop will
only read and write uncompressed ART files. The F4 function will
tell you if you have a compressed ART file.


SUN RASTER RAS FILES - MAXIMUM BITS - 24
───────────────────────────────────────────────
Sun raster files are native to the Sun unix environment. They can
be uncompressed or run length compressed. There are also a number
of obscure compression standards which Graphic Workshop does not
support at present. These rarely turn up... the Get Info function
will tell you if you've encountered one.

Sun raster files appear with a variety of file extensions.
Graphic Workshop uses the extension RAS. You might have to rename
your files to use this extension if they're named something else.
Extensions for Sun raster files on a unix system can include
ras, rast, im1, im8, im24 and im32.

Note that some 24-bit Sun raster files were created with their
red and blue colour values erroneously interchanged.


SCREEN CAPTURE
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
Registered users of Graphic Workshop will receive the Graphic
Workshop screen capture utility, GWSCAP. This will capture
graphic screens from most of the VGA and super VGA graphic screen
modes to PCX files. It will also capture text screens to sixteen-
colour PCX files, effectively making a picture out of your text.
It's very small... occupying about eight kilobytes of memory...
and dead easy to use.

Please read GWSCAP.DOC for more information about configuring and
using the screen capture.


24-BIT FILES
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
Most of the image file formats commonly found in use on a PC
which support colour do so using a palette structure, as this is
the way most PC full colour display cards work. An image stored
in a palette structure file will have a maximum of 256 unique
colours, drawn from a potential palette of 16 million. In fact, a
VGA card can only support a potential palette of about a quarter
of a million colours. There is some theoretical loss in colour
resolution in displaying, say, a GIF file on a VGA card.

For practical purposes this colour arrangement is sufficient to
reproduce pretty convincing colour photographs. However, for a
number of reasons, high end photographic manipulation software,
colour separation software and so on works better with a non-
palette image, one in which every pixel is represented as a
distinct colour. In these images, every pixel consists of three
bytes of colour information, one each for the red, green and blue
components of the pixel's colour. Such pictures are referred to
as RGB or 24-bit pictures.

Among the formats which currently support 24-bit images are
Targa, PCX, BMP and TIFF.

Viewing a 24-bit image on a PC equipped with a VGA or super-VGA
card presents Graphic Workshop with something of a problem. Such
an image can have up to sixteen million different colours in it,
while a VGA card can support only 256 different colours at a
time.

In order to deal with 24-bit images, Graphic Workshop must
"dither" them. Dithering involves creating a simplified... albeit
coarser... version of the source image. Dithered images in the
view mode of Graphic Workshop will give you an idea of what you
24-bit picture looks like, but they're always an approximation.

If you attempt to view a 24-bit image on a system equipped with
an EGA or VGA card, a menu will appear to ask you how you'd like
the 24-bit file to be handled. You can display it as a grey scale
image if you just want to see what the picture looks like. This
is the fastest way to view such a picture. Alternately, you can
choose the Bayer colour dithering option

Note that the Bayer colour screen dither has been designed to be
reasonably fast, rather than accurate. When you create a 256-
colour dither, as discussed in the next paragraph, the results
will be a whole lot nicer to look at.

In order to convert a 24-bit image into a palette based format...
for example, to convert a 24-bit PCX file into a GIF file... you
must use the colour reduction function of the F9 special effects
key. This will perform a full 256-colour dither, which will
usually result in a 256-colour image which is almost as good as
the original 24-bit image was.

The colour reduction function also contains options to allow you
to reduce a 24-bit file to lesser numbers of colours. Choosing
fewer than 256 colours will produce a smaller file in some cases,
but it will also leave you with a less faithful representation of
your original colour image.

The fixed eight colour option will produce a destination image
file dithered something like the eight colour screen preview.
These files have a fixed eight colour palette with the colours
black, cyan, magenta, yellow, red, green, blue and white.

It's also worth noting that this is the same dither used to print
files to impact and inkjet colour printers, such as the Hewlett-
Packard PaintJet. A fixed eight colour dither will look more or
less like the colour hard copy from one of these printers.


A WORD ABOUT MEMORY
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
Graphic Workshop will use whatever memory you have going. If you
ask it to do something which needs a large amount of memory, it
will attempt to allocate space in your extended or expanded
memory pool, or use DOS memory if there isn't enough extra
memory. If your extra memory type is set to virtual, it will try
to allocate DOS memory first.

There are three sorts of "extra" memory which Graphic Workshop
can use, to wit, extended, expanded and virtual. Extended memory
is also called XMS memory, and is only available on AT and 386
systems. Expanded memory, also called EMS or LIM memory, is
available if you have a LIM board and driver in your machine.
Virtual memory means using a big disk file and making believe
it's memory. Virtual memory is very slow compared to real
memory.

You must tell Graphic Workshop what to do about extra memory
when you install it. See the section on installation.

In addition to the three foregoing types of extra memory,
Graphic Workshop can be configured to use "extended or virtual" or
"expanded or virtual" memory. If one of these options is chosen,
Graphic Workshop will attempt to allocate a buffer from extended
or expanded memory if it can't do so with DOS memory. If it's
unable to allocate a buffer in extra memory, it will switch to
virtual memory and see if its luck improves. If there's no room
for a virtual memory buffer, it will give up and return an error
saying that it can't allocate memory.

By default, Graphic Workshop configured to use virtual memory
will use the current drive and directory to write its temporary
files. You can change this by adding a line to your environment
with the SET command such as:

        TEMP=H:\

In this case, any virtual memory temporary files which
Graphic Workshop wants to create will be written to the root
of drive H:. If you have a RAM disk, you should use the TEMP
environment variable to tell Graphic Workshop to use it for virtual memory
operations, as this will speed things up considerably.

Graphic Workshop can run in restricted memory, such as that
which is found on a really old PC or when running "shelled out"
of another program. However, it can do nasty things when it's
really starved for memory. Some virtual memory operations will
not work in this condition, and if it's really stuck for RAM...
if there's only a few tens of kilobytes free... it may manage to
crash. Try not to run it when there's almost no room left for it
to store things. The help menu will tell you how much memory is
free.

Graphic Workshop frequently swaps blocks of code and data in and
out of memory. In addition to the memory required for your
pictures, Graphic Workshop must have memory to manage its
resources and to allocate small scratch buffers. This is called
memory "overhead". It's possible for Graphic Workshop to allocate
a lot of DOS memory for a picture file and subsequently be unable
to allocate enough memory for the resource which will manipulate
the picture.

To avoid this situation, Graphic Workshop reserves a fixed amount
of memory for its own use before it attempts to allocate an image
buffer. The amount of this fixed memory is adjustable through the
GWSINSTL program, as is discussed in the section on installation.
As it's set in the distribution version of the software, it
should be adequate for all the operations the package can
perform. There are a few hypothetical cases in which this might
not prove true, for example, in unpacking enormously wide GIF
files. If you run into problems with allocating scratch buffers or
resource buffers, try increasing the memory overhead.

Note that Graphic Workshop comes configured to use virtual memory.
Use GWSINSTL to change this when you're sure what sort of extra
memory is in your system.

Finally, note that in order to access the extended or expanded
memory in your system, Graphic Workshop must be able to locate a
suitable extended or expanded memory driver. Simply having
several megabytes of chips on your motherboard will not make that
memory accessible unless you have the appropriate driver in place
and working.

To help you better understand how Graphic Workshop is using the
memory in your system, have a look at the Wait box that appears
when a file is being processed. If extra memory of some type is
being used, the word "Wait" will be printed in the same colour as
the text below the status bar. If conventional DOS memory is
being used, the word "Wait" will be printed in a different
colour.


A WORD ABOUT MICE
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
With the 6.1r release of Graphic Workshop, you can now use a mouse to
operate the software, as well as the conventional keyboard
interface. Because Graphic Workshop is primarily a text mode application,
there are limits to what the mouse support can provide. We've
tried to apply mouse functions where they made sense and to
ignore the mouse where having it available would have really
meant stretching a point.

You must have a Microsoft-compatible mouse driver loaded for the
mouse to work under Graphic Workshop. This will be handled by
running MOUSE.COM... usually a fixture of your AUTOEXEC.BAT
file... or by having MOUSE.SYS included in your CONFIG.SYS file.
If no mouse functions are available under Graphic Workshop, you
don't have a mouse driver loaded or your mouse is not Microsoft
compatible.

The mouse cursor will appear as a white diamond. Note that there
are two other mouse options available... no mouse support at all
or the conventional text mode block cursor. Alternate drivers to
handle these are available on the Graphic Workshop accessory disk,
discussed elsewhere in this document.

Here's a quick overview of what the mouse does under Graphic Workshop.

- You can select a file from the main menu by clicking on it.
- You can toggle a file's tagged status by double clicking with
  the left mouse button.
- You can view a file by double clicking with the right mouse
  button.
- You can select "Yes" for any dialog that prompts you for a
  decision by clicking inside the box and "No" by clicking
  outside it.
- You can banish a message box by clicking anywhere on the
  screen.
- You can invoke the function of any key with a prompt by
  clicking on the prompt.
- You can page up in the main menu by clicking at the right side
  of the screen and page down by clicking at the left side of the
  screen.
- You can exit the View mode by clicking with the right mouse
  button.


IF YOU ENCOUNTER A PROBLEM
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
While we have tested Graphic Workshop thoroughly, it's possible
that you may encounter a situation we hadn't anticipated, and
perhaps a file which will not read. If this happens, we would be
interested in knowing about it so we can deal with it in the next
release of Graphic Workshop. Here's how to report a problem to
us.

Copy your CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files onto a floppy.
Include a screen dump of each page of GWSINSTL as it was set up
when the problem occurred. Alternately, write down the settings.

Copy the image files which resulted in the problem and provide a
description of what you did and what happened.

If we can't recreate it, we probably won't be able to fix it.

Before you contact us with a problem in Graphic Workshop, please
make sure you've read this document thoroughly and that you
understand how the software should work. Many problem reports
which receive aren't problems with the software at all.

You can also ZIP up your problem files and upload them to our
bulletin board.


USING THE MAIN MENU
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
Graphic Workshop always shows you all the names of the image
files it knows how to deal with in the current directory, along
with all the visible subdirectory names, if any are present. If
you are in a subdirectory, you will also see a subdirectory entry
which is two periods.

The cursor mover keys will move the file selector bar around. If
you move it to a directory entry... shown in dim text... and hit
Enter, you will move into that directory. If you select the two
period entry, you will move back up your directory tree by one
step.

If there are too many files in your current directory to see all
at once, Graphic Workshop will organize them into pages. The PgUp
and PgDn keys will step you through the pages. Clicking at the
right and left sides of the main menu screen will also invoke the
paging functions.

Here are the keys which Graphic Workshop recognizes for basic
file handling and session functions. Clicking in the appropriate
prompts if you have a mouse will perform the same functions.

Hitting the question mark or clicking in the "? for Help" message
at the top of the screen will cause Graphic Workshop to display
a menu of the keys which control the main file screen
of Graphic Workshop. This box also tells you how much free DOS
memory is available, the display card you have Graphic Workshop
configured to use and the type of extra memory it's set up for.

The Esc key will allow you to quit Graphic Workshop and return to
DOS.

If you hit "T" the currently selected file name will be
"tagged". The "U" key will untag it. The batch operations
described below will work with multiple files if you have some of
them tagged. If you hit "C", all the tags will be cleared.
Clicking on a file name with the left mouse button will toggle
its tagged status.

Note that for the graphic functions of Graphic Workshop... the
ones accessed by the function keys... the currently selected file
will be processed if there are no tagged files. Otherwise, each
of the tagged files will be processed in turn.

If you hit "L" Graphic Workshop will allow you to log in a new
disk drive. A box will appear prompting you for the drive letter
you want to log into.

If you hit "D" you will be prompted to delete the current file.
Note that this is not a batch command... it only works on one
file at a time.

If you hit "R" you can rename the current file. Note that it the
renamed file will have the same extension as the old one, no
matter what extension you give it.

If you hit "S", Graphic Workshop will attempt to shell out to the
DOS prompt. If you do this, Graphic Workshop will still be in
memory. Type EXIT at the DOS prompt to return to it right where
you left off. If you change drives or subdirectories while you
have the DOS prompt active, Graphic Workshop will restore the
previous drive and subdirectory when you return to it.

The alphabetic control keys can be upper or lower case. Other
keys will be ignored.


HELP
───────────
If you get lost, hit ? for help, or click in the help prompt in
the upper right corner of the screen. Hit ? again or click in the
quick help screen for detailed topical help.

When the detailed help window opens, select a topic by using the
cursor mover keys to position the highlighted item selector or
just click on one of the dimmed topic names with the left button
of your mouse.

Clicking with the right button of the mouse or hitting Esc will
move backward through help topics. Clicking with the left mouse
button outside the help window will close the help and return to
the main menu of Graphic Workshop. Clicking in the prompts at the
bottom of the help window will invoke their functions.


VIEWING FILES AND ADJUSTING COLOUR
─────────────────────────────────────────
If you place the selector bar on a file name and hit Enter,
Graphic Workshop will attempt to show you the file. It will start
by showing you a wait box, which has a bar graph in it to
indicate the status of what you've asked Graphic Workshop to do.
When the picture is fully unpacked, Graphic Workshop will switch
to your display card's graphic mode and show you the picture.

Double clicking on a file name with your right mouse button will
also invoke the View function.

You can always abort any operation when the wait box is visible
by hitting the Esc key.

If the picture is larger than your screen, the cursor keys will
allow you to pan around it. Normally you will pan around in small
increments. If you hold down either shift key when you hit a
cursor key, you will move around in increments of half your
screen dimensions.

Esc will return you to the main screen, as will clicking with
your right mouse button.

If the Ctrl key is held down when a file is selected for viewing,
you can control the screen mode it's displayed in... assuming
that your display card has more than one display mode. If your
card is supported by a driver of version 2.0 or lower, holding
down the Ctrl key will force the screen into its lowest
resolution mode. For example, if you're looking at a 256-colour
picture on a super VGA card, holding down the Ctrl key will force
the screen into the 320 by 200 pixel standard VGA mode.

If you're using a driver of version 2.1 or better, holding down
the Ctrl key will cause a menu to appear offering you a choice of
the available display modes with the most appropriate one
highlighted. Select a mode and hit Enter or hit Esc to let
Graphic Workshop select the most appropriate mode, that is, what
it would have done had you not held down the Ctrl key.

Note that you must take your finger off the Ctrl key before you
try to move the menu item selector. Note also that the Ctrl key
must be held down when you hit Enter to select a file... you can
release it thereafter. The menu will not appear until the wait
bar finishes its travel.

You can see what version your screen driver is by looking in the
"?" box from the main menu. Also, be aware that some drivers only
have one screen mode available. In this case, no menu will
appear.

Several things can go wrong in viewing a file. If you have
installed Graphic Workshop for the wrong kind of display card,
you might see random characters rather than a picture. In this
case, check your installation.

If Graphic Workshop could not find enough memory to unpack your
picture into, it will abort the process and say so.

Finally, if your picture requires more colours than your card can
display, Graphic Workshop will tell you this. Specifically, it
will pop up a menu which will ask you how you want it to deal
with the colour problem. The available options will vary with the
type of display adapter you're using and the number of colours in
your source image.

You can force this menu to appear when you view an image by
holding down the left Shift key when you hit the Enter key. You
might wish to do this to view some pictures in ways other than a
normal displayed. For example, you can preview an image dithered
this way.

This is what the menu options do:


Display normally
----------------------
This will display the picture as if you hadn't reached this menu.
This option will always be disabled if the menu pops up by
itself.


Display as grey
---------------------
This is the fastest way to see what a picture with too many
colours looks like. It will show you the image in grey scale.


Bayer dither mono
-----------------------

Floyd dither mono
-----------------------

Burkes dither mono
------------------------

Stucki dither mono
------------------------
These four options will dither your image down to monochrome. You
might want to see the discussion on dithering later in this
document to better understand them.


Threshold
---------------
This will display your image as a high contrast black and white
picture.


Bayer dither colour
-------------------------
This option will display your image as a fixed eight-colour or
256-colour dither, the latter for viewing 24-bit pictures on
eight-bit displays. It's a pretty reasonable representation of a
colour image for a quick 'n nasty preview.


Display reversed
----------------------
This option will display your image reversed. Colour images will
appear as negatives.

In the sixteen and 256 colour display modes, you can make
adjustments to the VGA colour palette while a picture is being
displayed. The 'r' and 'R' keys will increase and decrease the
amount of red in a picture, the 'g' and 'G' keys will adjust the
amount of green, the 'b' and 'B' keys will adjust the amount of
blue. The 'i' and 'I' keys will adjust the overall intensity of
the picture. The 'c' and 'C' keys will adjust the contrast. The
'=' key will return the picture to its normal state. Note that
these adjustments only affect the original picture that you're
viewing... they do not alter the palette in the file on your disk
unless you save the changes to a new file.

If you hold down the left shift key when you hit the Esc key to
leave the view mode, a file format menu will pop up. Select a
format and you can save the file you've viewed and adjusted the
colours of. The new file will be saved with "A_" before the file
name... if your viewed and adjusted PICTURE.GIF, it would be
saved as "A_PICTUR.GIF". In fact, you can have it saved as any
suitable file type.

If you hit the Esc key when the file format menu pops up your new
file will not be saved.

You can zoom in on a graphic in view mode by hitting the Z key.
This will cause it to be scaled to fill your screen. In fact, the
scale factor will be fiddled a bit such that it will usually fill
your screen in one dimension only, such that it isn't distorted.
Hitting Z again will unzoom it back to its normal perspective.
The zoom mode will allow you to see an overview large graphics
without a lot of panning around.

Note that there is a loss of displayed resolution when you zoom
in on graphics, especially if you image has been dithered.

None of the colour adjustments or panning functions will work
while an image is zoomed in. If you hit Shift ESc to save a file
while in zoomed mode, the un-zoomed image will be saved. To
create a permanently zoomed file, use the scale function.


PRINTING - F1
────────────────────
You can print to any sort of LaserJet Plus compatible printer
with one megabyte of memory or more or any sort of PostScript
printer. You can print to any dot matrix or inkjet printer which
is supported by a Graphic Workshop external printer driver. Note
that if you attempt to print PostScript data to a LaserJet or a
dot matrix printer you'll get reams of meaningless ASCII text.

Graphic Workshop comes with built in PostScript and LaserJet
print drivers. This includes colour PostScript and LaserJet II
and III series printers. You only need an external print driver
if you wish to print to a dot matrix or inkjet printer.

Having said this, if you will be printing colour or grey scale
pictures to a LaserJet-compatible printer you might want to
experiment with the external Laserjet III/4 driver supplied with
Graphic Workshop... it will, in fact, drive any series of
LaserJet-compatible printer. It's typically slower than the
internal drivers and prints larger images, but you might find you
like its results better. See the section on configuration later
in this document.

Graphic Workshop allows you to print a picture in four
resolution modes to laser printers. These allow you to print your
pictures in four possible sizes. You might want to experiment
with them to see what they can do.

If you want your picture to fill as much of the printed page as
possible, select the appropriate autosize mode. This will cause
Graphic Workshop to choose the resolution and orientation which
is most appropriate for each picture you print. Note that it will
still select one of the four available resolutions, so your
picture probably will not print right to the edge of the page.

Colour and grey scale pictures printed to black and white
PostScript printers will be reproduced as halftones. If you
attempt to print a colour or grey scale picture to a LaserJet or
dot matrix printer, the image will be dithered for you. The
dither type is set using GWSINSTL. You might want to consult the
section on dithering elsewhere in this document to help you
choose a suitable dither.

Colour images can be printed in colour to a colour PostScript
device and to a colour inkjet or dot matrix printer with a
suitable driver. Colour PostScript printing can be enabled
through GWSINSTL or with the appropriate command line switches.

Graphic Workshop will drive several colour ink jet printers though
external drivers, as loaded through GWSINSTL, notably the
Hewlett Packard Desktjet 500C and PaintJet printers. Note that
these work a bit differently than monochrome printing does. They
run at the maximum resolution of the printer, and dither the
images. If you select a higher expansion factor, each pixel of
the source image will be presented by a larger dither block, and
as such will come closer to the source colour. This means that
printing pictures larger will not only result in output that
looks sharper, but it will also print with more accurate colours.

The inkjet drivers will also handle monochrome graphics, although
the results aren't usually all that good. You can do
substancially better using the Hewlett Packard inkjet printers
if you use the black ink cartridge and select one of the internal
LaserJet drivers.

Laser output can be printed in either portrait or landscape
mode. You can set this up using GWSINSTL or the appropriate
command line switches. Note that if you print to a PostScript
printer in landscape mode, the printer itself will rotate the
image data. This isn't actually all that fast for many printers.
If you have a lot of images to print in landscape mode, you'll
probably find that it's quicker to have Graphic Workshop rotate
them and then print the rotated files.

The orientation setting has no effect for dot matrix printing.

You can print to ports LPT1, LPT2 or LPT3. The default printer
port can be set up using GWSINSTL or the appropriate command line
switches. Note that the printer port settings are ignored by
some external printer drivers. All of the standard dot matrix
drivers included with Graphic Workshop print to LPT1. The inkjet
drivers will print to the printer port selected through
GWSINSTL.

You can cause Graphic Workshop to print to a file, rather than
directly to the disk, by using the appropriate command line
switch. The command line switches are discussed elsewhere in this
document. Print files are named using the name of your source
image file and the extension PRN. Note that you can only print to
a file for laser printer output. Dot matrix and inkjet drivers
will ignore the print to file switch.

Each page of Graphic Workshop output can include any combination
of data about the picture on it you like. See the installation
section for more information about enabling this feature.

The size and resolution of dot matrix printing is determined by
the driver being used.

Note that if you have a printer for which there is no driver
available, one of the Epson FX-80 drivers will probably work, as
most dot matrix printers support the Epson FX-80 standard. The
print might not be as good as your printer can manage, but it'll
be better than a blank sheet of paper.

In order to print correctly to most black and white laser
printers, colour and grey scale images must be "expanded", that
is, their grey scales must be adjusted to compensate for the non-
linear grey scale of the output device. The amount of
compensation varies among different laser printers. The
compensation values for Graphic Workshop have been chosen to suit
an average PostScript laser printer. However, you can fine tune
these by adjusting the Print halftone brightness and Print
halftone contrast values in GWSINSTL. There's a more complete
discussion of these fields in the configuration section elsewhere
in this document.

If you liked the older fixed contrast expansion curve from
previous versions of Graphic Workshop, change both these fields
to 65535.

Printing is a batch function. If you tag multiple files and then
hit F1, each will be printed.


CONVERTING - F2
──────────────────────
Graphic Workshop allows you to convert a file of any format into
a file of any other format... with a few restrictions. The new
file will have the same name as the original but a new extension.
Converting PICTURE.MAC into an IMG file will create PICTURE.IMG.
PICTURE.MAC will not be affected.

You can batch convert any mixture of file types using
Graphic Workshop. Any files which are inappropriate for the
conversion you've requested will simply be ignored. The ongoing
status will appear at the bottom of the screen.

You cannot convert pictures having more bits of colour than the
destination format can handle. For example, you cannot convert a
24-bit Targa file directly to an 8-bit GIF file. You would have
to use the F9 colour reduction facility to do this. Likewise, to
convert a colour file to a monochrome one, you'd have to use the
F3 dithering function.

There are a few other useful things to note about conversion. You
can't convert to TXT files. You can convert from EXE files,
provided they were created by Graphic Workshop. You can convert
from EPS files, but the resulting image will be the monochrome
TIFF preview, and probably won't look very good. You can't
convert from files which Graphic Workshop won't read. For
example, you can't convert from a vector WPG file.


DITHERING - F3
─────────────────────
Dithering is a sort of magical process by which colour images can
be converted into pretty attractive black and white versions for
reproduction on a monochrome screen or a black and white laser
printer.

Note that source files for dithering must have more than one bit
of colour information.

Dithering often works a lot better if you scale the original
image up. Graphic Workshop lets you dither with images of
anywhere from "size as" up to 500 percent expansion if you have
enough memory.

You can see what an image will look like dithered by using the
view options menu in the view mode.

Note that the F3 function only dithers to monochrome. Colour
dithering is handled by one of the functions of the F9 key.

Dithering is a fairly slow process, and the better the dithering
algorithm, the slower it gets. Big files and really good
dithering can take half an hour or more on a slower computer,
although the results are usually worth it.

At its best, dithering can look better than halftoning, and a
dithered file can be printed on both PostScript and LaserJet
printers. Dithered files sent to a PostScript printer will print
faster than halftoned files.

If you have Graphic Workshop dither a file, it will create a new
file for you of the type selected and with "D_" before the name.
Thus PICTURE.GIF could be dithered to D_PICTUR.IMG, for example.
PICTURE.GIF would be left untouched.

The simplest... and fastest... form of dithering is a Bayer
dither. This does not produce great results, but it's extremely
quick.

The remaining three dithering algorithms use what is called
"error diffusion". These produce really nice looking dithers, but
they're quite slow. The fastest... and least attractive... is
Floyd-Steinberg. The best... and by far the slowest... is Stucki.
The Burkes dither is somewhere in the middle.

All three of these dithers come in two flavours, UD...
unidirectional... and BD... bidirectional. These options will
produce slightly different results.

You should plan to experiment with the dithering options of
Graphic Workshop a bit to see what it's capable of.

Dithering scans an image line by line, starting in the upper left
corner and working down to the lower right corner. For this
reason, you will find that if you rotate an image by ninety
degrees, dither it and then rotate the dithered version by a
further two hundred and seventy degrees, you'll get different
results than you would have had you dithered the original image.

The dithering function also includes a thresholding option. This
will reduce a colour or grey scale image to a high contrast black
and white graphic. If you select this option, you will see a menu
allowing you to select the threshold level. This is the source
pixel intensity above which destination pixels will be white.
Setting it higher will make your destination image darker.

In dithering an image, the original brightness levels of the
source graphic will be expanded a bit to improve the quality of
the dither. The amount by which the grey levels are expanded is
set by the Dither brightness and Dither contrast items of
GWSINSTL. This will be discussed in detail later in this
document. You might want to experiment with these values if you
aren't happy with the quality of the dithered images Graphic
Workshop is producing. Note that you can use the old expansion
map by setting both these values to 65535.

Dithering is a batch function. You can tag a number of files and
then set them up to dither unattended.


GET INFO - F4
────────────────────
This box will show you some basic information about one or more
selected files. Among other things, it will tell you how much
memory the file needs to unpack into. You can use this number to
figure out whether the file in question will fit in your
available DOS memory or whether extra memory will be required, as
was discussed previously. The amount of available DOS memory is
available by hitting the "?" key from within the main screen.

Having said this, it's worth mentioning that this number actually
represents the lowest memory requirement for the image in
question. Some functions will require significantly more memory.

The last field in the Get Info box displays the file comments if
there were any. The comments vary from format to format. In some
cases, having nothing better to say, they'll tell you what
software created the file.

Some file formats actually contain a lot more information than
can be displayed in the normal Get Info box. TIFF files, for
example, can contain the name of the artist responsible for them,
the type of software used to create them and so on. You can get
at this sort of optional information for formats which support it
by using the "details" option of the F4 box when it's available.
The arrow keys will scroll you through the detail window. Details
are available, for example, if you get information about GIF,
TIFF or IFF/LBM files.

If the "F4 for Details" prompt is visible, clicking in the Get
Info box will invoke the details option too. Once the details
appear, clicking in the upper half of the box will scroll up and
clicking in the lower half will scroll down.

Note that the Get Info and details information for EPS files
actually pertain to the TIFF preview.

You may need some external assistance in fully interpreting the
details.


CROPPING - F5
────────────────────
This function will prompt you for a destination file type and
then display your selected file on a dithered monochrome cropping
screen. Your image will be scaled to fit the screen, no matter
how big it is in real life. Initially, the exterior of the image
will be framed by a cropping box. If you hold down the left shift
key, the four arrow keys will adjust the upper left corner of the
box. Note that you'll have to use the down and right keys before
the up and left keys will do anything. If you hold down the right
shift key, the arrow keys will move the lower right corner of the
box. If you hit the Home key, the box will snap back to its
original position. The co-ordinates of the upper left and lower
right corners as well as the dimensions of the cropped fragment
will be displayed at the top of the screen.

If you hit F10, your cropped fragment will be written to a new
file. The file will have the name of your original file with "C_"
appended to the front of it and the extension of the destination
format you selected.

If you hit Esc no destination file will be written.

The cropping function requires a revision two screen driver.
Most of the current Graphic Workshop screen drivers will work...
a few of the unusual ones may not have been updated. The revision
level of revision two drivers can be found in the screen driver
installation screen of GWSINSTL.

Cropping is a batch function. Note that if you use Esc to abort
one cropped file in a batch, the rest of the batch will be
aborted.

The Crop function does not have mouse support.


REVERSE - F6
───────────────────
This function will create a reversed version of any image file.
The new file will have the same name as the original file, with
"R_" appended to the front of it. Thus, reversing PICTURE.MAC
will leave you with R_PICTUR.MAC. If you reverse a colour image,
you'll get a colour negative. These look weird... we haven't
found a use for them as yet.

Reversing is a batch function.


TRANSFORM - F7
─────────────────────
This key will pop up a menu offering you five image
transformations. You can rotate an image in ninety degree
increments and you can flip it horizontally or vertically. These
functions work on images of any number of colours.

Note that the ninety and two hundred and seventy degree rotation
functions will take a very long time if your images are large and
require the use of virtual memory... this assumes that you lack
extended or expanded memory. Them's the breaks.

Transformed images will be stored in files with "T_" in front of
the names. Thus PICTURE.GIF will become T_PICTUR.GIF after any of
the five transformations have been wrought upon it. If you rotate
it and then flip the rotated image, for example, it will become
T_T_PICT.GIF, and so on, with intermediate files along the way.

Transforming is a batch function.


SCALE - F8
─────────────────
This key will allow you to scale files from 25 to 500 percent or
to a specific dimensions.

Your original files will not be altered when you scale them. New
files with the prefix "S_" will be created. Thus, PICTURE.GIF
will produce S_PICTUR.GIF after scaling.

Scaling a picture can produce some really ugly results, depending
on what you scale. Bear in mind that scaling by integral
values... down to seventy five or fifty percent, up to two
hundred percent and so on... will produce less ugly results than
scaling by arbitrary values.

There are three scaling modes available... proportional,
anamorphic and by size. Proportional scaling will scale files by
a percentage in both directions. Anamorphic will scale them by
different percentages in each direction. Scaling by size will
scale files by whatever percentages are necessary to make them
fit in a defined number of pixels.

The scaling values you enter will be rounded to the nearest lower
integral value. Thus, 42.5 percent will really be 42 percent.

You can scale by size to any dimensions in the range of 16 though
32767 pixels.

Scaling is fairly time consuming.

You should probably avoid scaling dithered monochrome pictures
down. Nothing terribly bad will happen, but for reasons which
will become obvious if you think about it, the results will
almost always be really ugly.

Note that the scaling percentage you enter determines the size of
the destination image relative to the source image, not the
actual percentage of scaling. Thus, entering 25 will produce a
destination image which is one quarter... 25 percent... of the
original image. Entering 200 will create a destination image
twice as big... 200 percent of... the original. Entering 100 will
produce a destination image identical to the source image.

By default, scaling will be the same in both dimensions. If you
hit F8 while the scaling box is visible, you will be able to
enter independent horizontal and vertical values. Hit F8 again
and you will be able to enter the actual dimensions you want your
destination image scaled to.

Scaling is a batch function.


SPECIAL EFFECTS - F9
───────────────────────────
This function has a submenu which will allow you to access a
number of special tools for working with colour image files under
Graphic Workshop.

All of these are batch functions. The destination files will have
"X_" in front of their names. Note that these functions require
substantial amounts of memory.


Colour reduction
----------------------
This function allows you to create destination files with fewer
colours than the source files they're derived from. You can use
this function, for example, to reduce a 256-colour file down to a
16-colour one. It's particularly useful for reducing 24-bit files
down to 256-colour files.

Whenever you reduce the number of colours in a file, some image
information will get lost. The simplest form of colour reduction
is "remapping". This simply means that the destination image will
have the best colour palette it can, and that all the pixels in
it will be replaced with colours from that palette. The results
aren't usually very attractive.

Colour dithering, also available in this function, can produce
decidedly better results. With colour dithering, you can reduce
24-bit files down to eight bits with very little loss of detail
or colour resolution.

The palette used in colour reduction can be either quantized or
fixed. A quantized palette is derived from the source image,
while a fixed palette is predefined. In theory a quantized
palette should be preferable, but in fact this is not always the
case. A picture with a wide range of colour or small details
which are markedly different from the rest of the image can fool
the quantization algorithm into assigning too few colours to
parts of your image you're interest in. In many cases you'll find
that the "256 colour orthogonal" palette choice will produce the
most attractive results.

Note that you can change the fixed palette to one of your own
devising using the NEWCMAP function of the Graphic Workshop
accessory disk, discussed elsewhere in this document.

The "Windows 16 colours" choice will use a palette identical to
the one used by a sixteen-colour Windows screen driver. This is
useful if you're creating files to be used as Windows wallpaper,
or in other applications wherein they'll be displayed by Windows
in sixteen colours.


Grey scale
----------------
This function creates a grey scale destination image from a
colour source image. The number of bits of colour will remain the
same.


Sharpen
-------------
This function will create a destination image with more contrast
than its source image.


Soften
------------
This function will create a destination image with less contrast
than its source image. This function is particularly useful for
minimizing the effects of scanning moire patterns caused when you
attempt to scan a previously screened original. In less technical
terms, if you scan pictures of nude women from magazines,
softening the image files will reduce the interference patterns.


Smudge
------------
This function will create a destination image which looks like
it's being viewed through water drops.


Spatial posterization
---------------------------
This function will create a destination image in which the image
is made up of large square areas. This effect is similar to the
one used by television news to obscure the faces of people whose
identities are to be kept secret.


Promote to 24 bits
------------------------
This function will create a 24-bit file with the same image
information as a file with fewer colours.


SCANNING - F10
─────────────────────
This function will inhale images into Graphic Workshop from a
scanner, assuming that you loaded a suitable scanner driver when
you installed the software.

Note that scanner drivers are pretty specific to the scanners
they're written for. The Scanjet Plus driver, for example, will
only drive a Scanjet Plus and will be of no real use if you have
a different sort of scanner. We will be creating more scanner
drivers in time... check with the Alchemy Mindworks bulletin
board for more information about new drivers.

All the current drivers check to see if they're really connected
to the scanners they were designed for.

If you select the Scan function, a menu will pop up with the
following functions:


Scan
----------
This item will cause the current image to be scanned using the
existing settings.


Set mode
--------------
This item will allow you to choose the number of bits of colour
to scan your image with. Some of the options may be inaccessible,
depending upon the capabilities of your scanner.


Set area
--------------
This item will allow you to have only a portion of your image
scanned. In effect, it allows you to crop a coarse pre-scanned
image and then applies this window to an image with higher
resolution. See the section of cropping elsewhere in this
document for instructions on using this window.


Set resolution
--------------------
This item will allow you to select the number of dots per inch at
which your scanner will scan the current image.


Test scanner
------------------
This item will allow you to make sure your scanner is still
working properly. This test is performed every time you select
the Scan function, so you need not perform it explicitly unless
you think something has gone wrong.


Check error
-----------------
This item will display the most recent error message from your
scanner. Most of the time this will be "No error".


Get info
--------------
This item will tell you how big a file your current image would
create if it were to be scanned as well as the number of colours
or grey levels it would contain. Note that the "Packed size"
field of this box is largely meaningless.


Reset scanner
-------------------
This item will reset the scanner to its power-up defaults. It
will also delete any image data you have in memory from a
previous scan... be warned.


Set intensity
-------------------
This item will allow you to set the brightness of the current
scan. It must be set prior to scanning.


Set contrast
------------------
This item will allow you to set the contrast of the current
scan. It must be set prior to scanning.


Save file
---------------
This item will allow you to select a format to save your current
file in. It will then save it and return you to the main screen.
Any formats which are incapable of supporting your current image
will be inaccessible.


Abort
-----------
This item will leave the scanning menu without scanning or saving
anything. If you have previously scanned an image which has not
been saved it will ask if you want to save it before you go. The
Esc key also works.


Other Options
-------------------
The items after Save file in the scanning menu are defined by the
scanner driver for your scanner. See your manual for more
information about how to use them. As a rule, they default to
safe values.


SCRIPT LANGUAGE AND COMMAND LINE MODE
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
In addition to being run through its menus, Graphic Workshop can
handle script files. A script file is a list of Graphic Workshop
commands. Having been given a script file to work with,
Graphic Workshop can perform a number of functions and then
return to DOS or to the program which called it.

The Graphic Workshop script language facility is primarily for
use in situations in which another application wishes to call
Graphic Workshop, have it convert, print, view or otherwise
manipulate some files in the background and then return control
to the program which called it.

The Graphic Workshop script language and command line mode are
discussed in detail in the documentation for the Graphic Workshop
accessory disk, as found elsewhere in this document.


CONFIGURATION
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
Making permanent changes to the modifiable features of
Graphic Workshop involves using the installer, GWSINSTL.EXE.
The configuration of Graphic Workshop is handled by a separate program in
order to keep GWS.EXE as small as possible, leaving lots of
memory for putting graphics in.

The GWSINSTL program actually modifies GWS.EXE. In order for it
to work, GWS.EXE and GWSINSTL.EXE must be in the same directory
and must be so named. Both programs must be of the same version.
Be aware that as it directly modifies GWS.EXE, there is the
outside chance that a bug in the installer might crop up and kill
GWS.EXE beyond repair. Make sure you have a virgin copy of
GWS.EXE somewhere before you use the installer.

Place GWSINSTL.EXE and GWS.EXE in the same directory and type
GWSINSTL. A menu will appear which will let you edit the runtime
settings, add or change your screen driver and add or change your
dot matrix printer driver.

Note that the screen drivers are contained in a file called
GWSDRV.RES. The printer drivers are contained in a file called
GWSPDR.RES. These files must be in the same directory as GWSINSTL
for it to be able to find them. If one or both of them is
missing, the corresponding options in the main screen of GWSINSTL
will not be available.


EDIT RUNTIME - F1
────────────────────────
If you select this option, you'll see a screen which will allow
you to fine tune Graphic Workshop's performance to suit your
requirements and hardware. You can use the up and down arrow keys
and the Home and End keys to move through the items of this
screen. Hitting Enter when the cursor is over an item which toggles
will change its state. Hitting Enter when the cursor is over an
editable field will allow you to type in a new data.

Note that you can run GWSINSTL and select this screen as often as
you want to adjust the settings of its various parameters.

When you're done changing things, hit F10 to get back to the main
GWSINSTL menu.

Note that these items can be overridden by using command line
switches when you run GWS.EXE, should you need them set
differently from time to time.


Screen colours
--------------------
This item allows you to set the screen colours. By default, there
are two sets of screen colours, to wit, a colour set which is
predominantly blue and a monochrome set. If you don't like either
of these, hit F1 when the cursor is on this item to create a
custom set.


Memory type
-----------------
Hit Enter when the cursor is on this item to move through the
available extra memory options. See the section dealing with
memory elsewhere in this document for more information about
selecting the correct memory type.


Display type
------------------
This item allows you to select the type of video card your system
will be using. It defaults to AUTODETECT, which will cause
Graphic Workshop to attempt to figure out what sort of card is in
your system. You may have to change this if you have a multiple
mode card which causes it to guess incorrectly. You will have to
change it if you have a super VGA card wish to use it in its
higher resolution modes.

If you have a super VGA card, set this field to SUPER VGA &
OTHER and use the screen driver setup screen, discussed later in
this section, to select a suitable driver.


Printer port
------------------
This item selects which parallel printer port to print images to.
Note that you can only select LP1, LPT2 or LPT3. Note also that
this selection only affects laser printers. See the section on
printing elsewhere in this document for more information.


Memory overhead (Kbytes)
------------------------------
This is an editable item. It selects the number of kilobytes of
memory overhead which Graphic Workshop will reserve. See the
section on memory elsewhere in this document for more
information.


Colour PostScript printing
--------------------------------
This item selects whether to assume that your PostScript printer
can print in colour.


Default print dither
--------------------------
This item selects the type of dithering to use if you attempt to
print a colour or grey scale picture to a LaserJet or dot matrix
printer. This defaults to BAYER, which is fast but ugly. Select
one of the other options if you'd like better results.


PostScript orientation
----------------------------
This item selects the default orientation for printing graphics
to a PostScript printer.


Print filenames
---------------------

Print dates
-----------------

Print image size
----------------------

Print image colours
-------------------------

Print output resolution
-----------------------------
These items allow you to determine what, if anything, will be
printed at the bottoms of pages which Graphic Workshop prints.


Graphic Workshop path
---------------------------
This should be a complete path to the subdirectory and drive
where GWS.EXE and GWS.RES live. For example:

        C:\GRAPHICS\

When this item is set correctly, you will be able to run
Graphic Workshop from anywhere on your hard drive if its location
is in your DOS path.

This field will initially default to the current directory when
you run GWSINSTL for the first time. This will be correct in most
situations.


Registration name
-----------------------
When you have registered Graphic Workshop, type your name into this field.
This, in conjunction with the registration number provided when
you registered the software will disable the closing beg notice.
Note that you must enter your name exactly as it is written on
the page with your registration number. Case, spaces and
punctuation matter.


Registration number
-------------------------
Enter your registration number in this field.


EDIT FORMATS - F2
────────────────────────
This page will let you fine tune the way Graphic Workshop writes
some types of files.


MacPaint header
---------------------
This item allows you to determine whether MacPaint files
generated by Graphic Workshop will have MacBinary headers in
them. Leave this on if you don't know what these are. Note that
this does not affect how Graphic Workshop reads MacPaint files...
it will handle both types no matter you set this item.


IFF/LBM compression
-------------------------
This item determines whether IFF/LBM files will be compressed.
Some old versions of Deluxe Paint choked on compressed files.


EPS preview
-----------------
This item determines whether EPS files will be created with TIFF
previews.


TIFF compression
----------------------
This item determines whether TIFF files will be created
compressed. Some applications, such as Gray F/X, don't like
compressed files.


TIFF grey scale expansion
-------------------------------
This item determines whether TIFF grey scale files should be
created with their grey scales expanded. This should be set ON if
you'll be importing grey scale files into a desktop publishing
package or otherwise using them to print with and to OFF if
you'll be editing them.


TIFF colour/grey scale
----------------------------
This item determines whether TIFF files with more than one bit of
colour will be created as colour or grey scale images. The grey
scale expansion item will be ignored if this item is set to
COLOUR.


EXE file compression
--------------------------
This item determines whether self-displaying EXE pictures will be
compressed. See the section on EXE pictures elsewhere in this
document for more information.


GIF file type
-------------------
This item allows you to determine whether Graphic Workshop should
write old-style GIF87a files or the newer GIF89a files.


Targa true colour bits
----------------------------
This item allows you to determine whether 24 bit images written
to Targa files should be written with 24 or 16 bits of colour.
See the discussion of Targa files elsewhere in this dcoument for
more information.


Dither brightness
-----------------------

Dither halftones
----------------------
In dithering an image, the original brightness levels of the
source graphic will be expanded a bit to improve the quality of
the dither. The amount by which the grey levels are expanded is
set by the Dither brightness and Dither contrast items. You
should experiment with these items if you aren't happy with the
quality of the dithered images Graphic Workshop is producing.
Note that you can use the original expansion map by setting both
these values to 65535.


Printed halftone brightness
---------------------------------

Printed halftone contrast
-------------------------------
In order to print correctly to most black and white laser
printers, colour and grey scale images must be "expanded", that
is, their grey scales must be adjusted to compensate for the non-
linear grey scale of the output device. The amount of
compensation varies among different laser printers. The
compensation values for Graphic Workshop have been chosen to suit
an average PostScript laser printer. However, you can fine
tune these if you like. These values should range from zero to
about sixty-four, with twenty or thirty being about right for
most output devices.

If you liked the older fixed contrast expansion curve from
previous versions of Graphic Workshop, change both these fields
to 65535.


EDIT SCREEN DRIVER - F3
──────────────────────────────
This page will allow you to select a super-VGA screen driver. You
must select a driver which is in keeping with the super VGA card
you have in your system. If you attempt to display a large
graphic in Graphic Workshop and the display misbehaves, chances
are you have the wrong super-VGA screen driver installed.

Note that some drivers are intended for use with cards having a
half megabyte or more of memory. If you have a 256 kilobytes VGA
card, choose a suitable 256 kilobyte driver.

Note that not all the drivers support higher resolution modes. If
you have a card which can display pictures in 1024 by 768 pixel
resolution, you also need a driver which can drive it in that
mode. As a rule, all the super VGA drivers will handle 640 by 480
pixels. Some can do better than this, but not all of them. We're
working on improving the high end drivers.

Note that the cropping and scanning functions require revision
2.0 screen drivers or better. The F2 screen display will show you
the revision numbers of drivers with revision two or better.

Finally, as of version 6.1e of Graphic Workshop, the drivers
can set up a menu to allow you to select a screen mode if you
hold down the Ctrl key when you go to view a file. This facility
is only available if you have a driver of version 2.1 or better
for your card. New drivers are coming... if your card is not
supported by a version 2.1 driver yet, please be patient. All the
other driver based features will still be available.

The following are some details about the drivers. Some of these
drivers have been written by users of Graphic Workshop. If you'd
like to write a driver, see the section on the Graphic Workshop
accessory disk.


Amstrad 16 colour 640x200
-------------------------------
This driver was developed by Marcel Ward in Aberystwyth, Wales.
It allows owners of Amstrad PCs having the custom sixteen-colour
display cards supplied with these systems to look at colour
images. We haven't tested this driver, lacking an Amstrad, but
the source code looks right.


VGA in pseudo 640x480
---------------------------
This is a very clever driver by Gregory Weeks which displays 640
pixel wide 256-colour files on a 320 pixel wide screen by leaving
out every alternate pixel. As the author notes, nothing is free
and some detail is lost. However, if you have a VGA card with no
640 pixel wide, 256-colour mode... or one which there is no
driver for as yet... you'll find that this driver is often
preferable to the stock 320 by 200 pixel MCGA mode.


Ahead B
-------------
This is a driver for the Ahead B super VGA cards by David
Mikelson of Solvang, California. This is a fairly basic driver...
it does not support cropping, but it does handle the Ahead B
super VGA modes. The author notes:

        This driver is for the SVGA card commonly referred to as
        an "AHEAD B" card.  The card might also be referred to as
        a "Standard Technologies VGA800C", an "Ahead Systems VGA
        V-5000B", or a "Standard Technologies VGA CARD, REV B".

        The card must have at least 512K memory on board.

        Note that an "AHEAD B" card is NOT the same as an "AHEAD
        A". An Ahead A card uses different video modes, so this
        driver won't work for an AHEAD A card.

Thanks to all these authors for their drivers.


Orchid Fahrenheit 1280
----------------------------
This is a driver to support most Orchid Technologies Fahrenheit
1280 cards... some of the really early ones with very funky VESA
implementations may not behave themselves. This driver assumes
that your card has one megabyte of memory and a Sierra DAC for
the high colour modes. We've only been able to test it on a
limited number of Orchid cards, and we know that there have been
a lot of revisions to this hardware. Let us know if you have
difficulties with it. Also, note that Orchid Technologies was
providing free BIOS upgrades as of this writing for the older
cards... this cures a multitude of problems.

This driver supports high colour as well as the usual super VGA
modes, that is, you can view 24-bit image directly with it.

Users of other cards with VESA BIOSs should note that the Orchid
driver is a VESA driver at heart, with some modifications to make
it behave itself in this implementation.


General VESA
------------------
The VESA standard is supported by a number of super VGA cards in
addition to their own proprietary standards. If your card
supports VESA, either directly or through the use of a TSR, you
can use this driver. This is especially handy if your card is not
supported by a dedicated driver as yet. This card provides 256-
colour resolution out to 1280 by 1024 pixels assuming your card
supports this mode. Note that the driver will only attempt to
select display modes which your card actually supports... if you
call for a mode which does not exist on your card, the nearest
available mode will be used.

If you have a fairly new display card and are uncertain whether
it supports VESA, try this driver. If you attempt to view
EXAMPLE3.GIF and only see the frog... with no text... your card
does not support VESA.

This driver does not work with some fairly flaky VESA
implementations, such as the one on the early Orchid Fahrenheit
1280 cards.


Oak Tech 640 by 480
-------------------------

Oak Tech 800 by 600
-------------------------
These drivers support cards which use the Oak Technologies chip
set. The higher resolution drivers also support the lower
resolution modes, and will select the appropriate mode
automatically.


Tseng 4000 640 by 480
---------------------------

Tseng 4000 800 by 600
---------------------------

Tseng 4000 1024 by 768
----------------------------

Tseng 4000X 1024 by 768
-----------------------------
These drivers support cards which use the Tseng Labs chip set.
The higher resolution drivers also support the lower resolution
modes, and will select the appropriate mode automatically. The
Tseng 4000X driver will support 1024 by 768 pixels at 256
colours, and 640 by 480 or 800 by 600 pixels of 24-bit colour.
You'll need a Tseng 4000 board with the Sierra DAC on it to use
this driver. It will allow you to view 24-bit images directly.


Hercules TIGA 31.5k
-------------------------
This driver supports the Hercules Graphic Station card. Note that
unlike a Graphic Station card, a VGA card only actually does 18-
bit colour. The 24-bit colour mode of the Graphic Station card
has a resolution of 512 by 480 pixels. Its aspect ratio isn't all
that good, but you can fiddle the monitor controls... for most
monitors... to get pretty reasonable pictures. This driver should
work on other cards supporting the Texas Instrument TIGA chip,
but no promises. Note that this is a VGA level driver only... it
does not do 24 bits directly.


Trident
--------------
Drivers are included to drive Trident 8900 series cards to 1024
by 768 pixels in 256 colours and 800 by 600 in sixteen colours and
monochrome. Choose the one which is appropriate for your
hardware. The two lower resolution drivers have also been tested
on the older 8800 series Trident chips.


Video Seven 1024i
-----------------------
This is a driver for the Headland Technologies Video Seven VRAM
and Video Seven 1024i cards. It supports the 640 by 480 line 256-
colour mode.


Paradise Plus Card
------------------------
This is a full featured driver for the Western Digital Paradise
Plus card. This driver also works with the Dell super-VGA card,
which is actually a Paradise sixteen-bit card.


Paradise Pro Card
-----------------------
This is a driver for the Paradise Professional card (and clones
thereof). It supports both the 640 by 400 and 640 by 480 pixel,
256 colour modes.


Paradise D 640 by 480
---------------------------

Paradise D 800 by 600
---------------------------

Paradise D 1024 by 768
----------------------------
These are drivers for the newer Paradise cards which use the D
series chips. You can tell if you have one by the markings on the
large chip... you'll find the number 90C30 thereon. The 1024 by
768 driver requires a megabyte on board. It supports the Paradise
true colour mode, which means that if you have a RAMDAC on your
card it will allow you to look at 24-bit images directly in 640
by 480 and 800 by 600 pixel resolution. Stunning.


Dell Super VGA 256K
-------------------------
This is a version of the Paradise Plus driver, above. It has been
modified so as not to use the 800 by 600 pixel EGA and monochrome
modes of the Paradise card, as this causes the super-VGA monitor
on a Dell to click a (loud) internal relay every time it changes
modes. If you don't mind the relay, or you want the 800 by 600
modes, use the Paradise Plus driver.


Dell Super VGA 512K
-------------------------
This is a 512K version of the Dell Super VGA driver, that is, a
Paradise driver with the 800 by 600 pixel monochrome mode
disabled.

Note: rumour has it that some Dell systems have been shipped with
Headland Video 7 cards rather than Paradise cards. If your Dell
system is so equipped... or if you can't get GWS to work in the
super-VGA modes with one of the above two drivers... try
VIDEO7.DRV.


ATI VGA Wonder
--------------------
Drivers are included to drive ATI VGA Wonder series cards to 1024
by 768 pixels in 256 colours and 800 by 600 in sixteen colours and
monochrome, as well as to various lesser resolutions. Choose the
one which is appropriate for your hardware. There is also a
driver for the ATI-XL card, which adds 24-bit colour support at
640 by 480 pixels. This requires a full megabyte of memory on
your card.


Standard VGA 320 x 400
----------------------------
This is a "gadget" driver for a stock VGA card which reprograms
the beast into an undocumented 320 by 400 line mode. It should
work on any VGA card, but being undocumented one cannot be sure.
In any case, while interesting, this mode has such a squashed
aspect ratio that it's not really useful for anything. In
addition, having heavily interlaced memory, it's painfully slow
to update.


Standard VGA 360 x 480
----------------------------
This is another undocumented mode. It gets still more on the
screen, with still more distortion.


EDIT EXTERNAL PRINTER DRIVER - F4
────────────────────────────────────────
This page will allow you to select an external printer driver.
You do not need an external printer driver if you will be
printing to a PostScript printer or any sort of LaserJet or
LaserJet compatible printer.

For the most part, external printer drivers are used to drive
black and white dot matrix printers. Graphic Workshop does
support external colour printers. At present, the only colour
driver available is for the Hewlett-Packard PaintJet and Kodak
Diconix inkjet printers.

If you don't find a driver for your printer in the available list
of drivers, you can probably use the Epson FX-80 driver. Most dot
matrix printers emulate this standard. If you'd like to write a
driver, see the section on the Graphic Workshop accessory disk
elsewhere in this document.

Note that the Epson LQ and LX drivers, the IBM ProPrinter drivers
and the Panasonic and Roland drivers were all written by Chris
Rogers of Ashtree Software. They're particularly slick, in that
they will ask you what resolution you want to print at. We have
not tested these, but they look to be well written.

The LaserJet III/4 driver is an alternate way to print halftones from
colour and grey scale images to a LaserJet-compatible printer.
You might find that you like it better than the internal LaserJet
drivers. You should experiment with this one to see if it suits
your needs.


EDIT SCANNER DRIVER - F5
───────────────────────────────
This page will let you select a scanner driver. At present, only
the Hewlett-Packard Scanjet Plus and Scanjet IIC are supported.
We will be creating more scanner drivers if registrations
indicate that this feature is of interest.


COMMAND LINE SWITCHES
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
When you run Graphic Workshop by typing GWS at the command line,
it will run using the default settings, as configured by
GWSINSTL. There may be times when you'll want to override these
settings temporarily, and rather than running the installer, you
can use the command line switches. These only change the
configuration of Graphic Workshop when they're used. The next
time you run Graphic Workshop, it will return to its default
configuration.

As a rule, command line switches should only be required in
special circumstances.

You can always see a complete list of the command line switches
by running Graphic Workshop as

     GWS ?

In using the command line switches, make sure that each one is
separated on the command line by a space. Note that they are not
case-sensitive. For example, this is a legal invocation of
Graphic Workshop with some command line switches.

     GWS /SVG /vir /Psc

This has told Graphic Workshop to work with a super VGA card,
virtual memory and a colour PostScript printer.

If you're using Graphic Workshop both under DOS and under
Windows, you can add command line switches to the command line
field of the Windows PIF file for Graphic Workshop to adjust its
configuration if needs be.

The following are the command line switches which
Graphic Workshop recognizes. Most of these options correspond to
installation options in GWSINSTL.


MEMORY SWITCHES
──────────────────────
/VIR - use virtual memory
/EMS - use expanded memory
/XMS - use extended memory
/XMV - use extended or virtual memory
/EMV - use expanded or virtual memory


VIDEO DRIVER SWITCHES
────────────────────────────
/CGA - use the CGA card driver
/EGA - use the EGA card driver
/VGA - use the VGA card driver
/HER - use the Hercules card driver
/SVG - use the currently installed super VGA driver (if any)


PRINTER SWITCHES
───────────────────────
/PFN - enable printing filenames
/PDT - enable printing dates
/PPS - enable printing image size
/PCL - enable printing number of colours
/PRS - enable printing resolution
/PRD - disable all the foregoing print options
/POR - print in portrait orientation on PostScript printers
/LAN - print in landscape orientation on PostScript printers
/PFN - print to a file, rather than to the printer
/PSM - assume a monochrome PostScript printer
/PSC - assume a colour PostScript printer
/PHn - set print dither (n=B:Bayer, F:Floyd-Steinberg, U:Burkes, S:Stucki)
/LPn - set printer port (n=1,2 or 3)
/Snn - set Postscript screen size (n=10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 or 80)
/SDF - set PostScript halftone screen to the printer's default
/PRBn - set print brightness to n
/PRCn - set print contrast to n


FILE FORMAT SWITCHES
───────────────────────────
/EPP - enable EPS preview creation
/EPN - disable EPS preview creation
/IFN - No compression on IFF files
/IFC - RL compression on IFF files
/MBH - MacPaint MacBinary header on
/MBN - MacPaint MacBinary header off
/TCL - Create colour TIFF files
/TCG - Create grey TIFF files
/TGN - TIFF files no compression
/TGC - TIFF files RL compression
/TXP - Expand TIFF grey scale
/TXN - Do not expand TIFF grey scale
/EXC - Compress EXE pictures
/EXN - Do not compress EXE pictures
/G87 - Write GIF files as GIF 87a
/G89 - Write GIF files as GIF 89a
/T16 - Write true colour Targa files with 16 bits of colour
/T24 - Write true colour Targa files with 24 bits of colour


RUNTIME SWITCHES
───────────────────────
/DRBn - set dither brightness to n
/DRCn - set dither contrast to n


DESQVIEW, QEMM AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTS
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
Graphic Workshop has not been written to run under DesqView, and
in some cases may not do so reliably. It gets into trouble when
it switches into a super-VGA graphics mode, which DesqView is
unable to detect. Quarterdeck maintains that it does behave
itself under recent releases of their package in other
circumstances... we have not had the opportunity to test this as
of this writing.

Because of the way Graphic Workshop uses memory, we don't
recommend running it under multi-tasking or task switching
environments. Things like Double-DOS, GeoWorks and such may cause
it to misbehave.

If you want to run Graphic Workshop under Windows, we recommend
that you get Graphic Workshop for Windows.


VENTURA PUBLISHER TRICKS
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
Graphic Workshop is great for getting images into Ventura
Publisher documents. Here are a few tips for getting the most out
of it.

Monochrome bitmapped images should be converted into IMG files
for use with Ventura. Note that while Ventura will import colour
PCX files with up to 16 colours, the results are rarely pretty.
You'll do much better to halftone or dither colour PCX files for
use with Ventura.

Having poured an image into a frame, use the Sizing and Scaling
box in the Frames menu to select "By Scale Factors." Set the
scale width to the natural size of the image... as it defaults
to... or to some integral multiple of it. This will eliminate
distortion or plaiding of the image.

You can create halftones from colour images by converting them to
grey scale TIFF files. Ventura allows you a great deal of control
over the way the grey scale and screening information is handled
in a TIFF file.

You can also create halftones in Ventura by converting colour and
grey scale files to IMG files and importing these. The only
drawback to this over using grey scale TIFF files is that the
grey scale and screening information will not be adjustable. Note
that as of this writing the Windows and Macintosh implementations
of Ventura did not seem to like IMG files with more than one bit
of colour.

If you use the Define Colours option of the Frame menu to display
colours as shades of grey rather than as colours... and if you're
using an EGA or VGA monitor... grey scale TIFF files will appear
in your chapters as pretty slick little photographs.

Note that if you will be creating grey scale TIFF files for use
with Ventura, you should enable grey scale TIFF and grey scale
expansion.


CORELDRAW TRICKS
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
If you import bitmapped images into Corel Draw, you can decide
how they'll be handled once they get there by choosing the image
type you use. Imported PCX files will be scaled to an arbitrary
size upon entering Corel Draw, with the result that it's almost
impossible to adjust them to get a one to one relationship
between the image pixels and the printer pixels. This will make
many PCX files print badly.

TIFF files, on the other hand, import initially with one to one
scaling. If you use TIFF files and leave them at their initial
size, or stretch them to integral multiples of their original
sizes, they'll print without distortion or plaiding.

Grey scale TIFF files imported into Corel Draw come up as
PostScript halftones... these can look very slick as part of a
line drawing. Colour TIFF files are useful if you'll be
outputting your Corel Draw files to a colour output device or if
you'll be getting them separated.

You might want to check out "Mastering Corel Draw 3" by Steven
William Rimmer, published by Sybex Books.


GRAPHIC WORKSHOP ACCESSORY DISK
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
The Graphic Workshop accessory disk provides you with tools to:

- Write a custom super-VGA screen driver for Graphic Workshop
- Write a custom scanner driver for Graphic Workshop.
- Write a custom external printer driver for Graphic Workshop
- Use the command line and script language of Graphic Workshop.
- Manipulate the resource files of Graphic Workshop.
- Fix problems with PCX files generated by some FAX boards.
- Change the way Graphic Workshop uses your mouse.
- Remove the on line help to speed up Graphic Workshop booting.
- Use the NEWCMAP function to change the default orthogonal
  palette for colour dithering and remapping to one of your own
  devising.

The disk includes the source code for a skeletal super-VGA
driver, the source code for a printer driver, the source code for
a scanner driver and a script resource, among other things. You
will need MASM and LINK or TLINK to create drivers in addition to
the tools provided with this disk. You'll also need a moderate
level of ability in 8088-series assembly language programming to
write drivers.

Complete instructions for using the script language interface are
also included.

The Graphic Workshop accessories disk is included with all registered
versions of Graphic Workshop


CONTACTING ALCHEMY MINDWORKS INC.
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
We hope you'll contact us to register Graphic Workshop... see the
section about registering your software elsewhere in this
document.

You can contact us by mail by writing to us at:

Alchemy Mindworks Inc.
P.O. Box 500
Beeton, Ontario
L0G 1A0
Canada

You can register Graphic Workshop with an American Express or
Visa card by calling 1-800-263-1138 from the United States or 1-
416-729-4969 from other places. Please note that this number is
for ordering only. (The area code for Alchemy Mindworks' non-800
numbers will change from 416 to 905 after October 4, 1993.)

We will attempt to answer questions from unregistered users who
write to us to the extent that their answers are needed for you
to fully determine whether this software will suit your
requirements.

We can also be reached through the Alchemy Mindworks bulletin
board. It's available twenty-four hours a day at [phone].
As of this writing, the protocol was 300, 1200 or 2400 baud, or
9600 baud v.32bis, eight data bits, no parity and one stop bit.
(The area code for Alchemy Mindworks' non-800 numbers will change
from 416 to 905 after October 4, 1993.)

The bulletin board always has the most recent versions of all our
shareware on it, plus bug fixes, drivers and other relevant
information. It only exists to support Alchemy Mindworks'
shareware... it does not have a general file area.

If you encounter problems with a file, you're welcome to upload
the errant file to our bulletin board. Actually, you can upload
any picture files you like to the board... we enjoy getting
pictures.

If you have a question about Graphic Workshop, feel free to leave it
on the bulletin board. We try to answer all questions within
twenty-four hours. Note that you must call back to retrieve your
answer... please don't ask us to phone you or to leave the answer
on another bulletin board.

Registered users of Graphic Workshop will receive our voice number
for immediate technical support. The voice number is only
available for use from 10:00am to 5:00pm EST. If you call and get
our answering machine... it does happen... please leave us a
message or call back later. We are only able to return long
distance calls if we can call you collect. In this regard, please
note that as of this writing Canada has a very peculiar
electronic voice mail collect call system... if the phone
company's computer starts talking when you pick up the phone,
it's probably us returning your call.

We ask that in contacting us you appreciate that we are a small
company with limited resources. If you have not registered this
software we will not tell you to go to hell, but please don't ask
us for half an hour of free technical support.


REGISTRATION
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
If you like Graphic Workshop and find it useful, you are requested to
support it by sending us $40.00. This will entitle you to
telephone support, notification of updates, a free copy of the
latest version of this software and other worthwhile things. It
will also avail you of a registration number to shut off the
closing beg notice. More to the point, though, it'll make you
feel good. We've not infested Graphic Workshop with excessive beg notices,
crippled it or had it verbally insult you after ten days. We
trust you to support this software if you like it.

If you want to see additional features in Graphic Workshop, register
it. If we had an Arcturian mega-dollar for everyone who has said
they'd most certainly register their copy if we'd add just one
more thing to it, we could buy ourselves a universe and retire.

Oh yes, should you fail to support this program and continue to
use it, a leather winged demon of the night will tear itself,
shrieking blood and fury, from the endless caverns of the nether
world, hurl itself into the darkness with a thirst for blood on
its slavering fangs and search the very threads of time for the
throbbing of your heartbeat. Just thought you'd want to know
that.

Our address is:

Alchemy Mindworks Inc.
P.O. Box 500
Beeton, Ontario
L0G 1A0
Canada

You can register Graphic Workshop with an American Express or
Visa card by calling 1-800-263-1138 from the United States or
1-416-729-4969 from other places. (The area code for Alchemy
Mindworks' non-800 numbers will change from 416 to 905 after
October 4, 1993.)

If you have previously registered Graphic Workshop, you can update
your copy to the current release for $20.00.

If you have a FAX number, please include it in your registration.
We're hoping to be able to handle notification of future updates
of this software by FAX where we can. This is both considerably
faster and a lot cheaper than mail.

You can FAX your order to us at [phone]. You'll find an
order form in this ZIP to make this easier. (The area code for
Alchemy Mindworks' non-800 numbers will change from 416 to 905
after October 4, 1993.)

When you register Graphic Workshop, please specify the disk size you
require. In addition, please state whether you require dual
density disks... some of our packages normally ship on quad
density disks. You should only require dual density disks if
you're using an old-style 8088-based XT system.

Please note that we are not able to accept purchase orders for
fewer than six copies of Graphic Workshop at a time. We cannot
ship software COD.


CANADIAN USERS
─────────────────────
The registration fee for Graphic Workshop is $40.00 (CDN) plus
seven percent GST, or $42.80. We sincerely regret collecting this
tax on behalf of several levels of government which will only
squander it. If you sincerely regret having to pay it, we urge
you to express your regret by voting in the next federal and
provincial elections.


AMERICAN USERS
─────────────────────
The registration fee for Graphic Workshop is $40.00 (US). The
exchange on US funds pretty well covers the extra postage to the
States.

Please note that when you send us your order... and then when we
send you your update back... two distinct post offices get to
deal with the ensuing mail. It can take a few weeks for things to
get through this system... we ask that you be patient. We don't
fully understand why it takes less time for a package to get to
Australia than it does to send one to Cleveland... some things
are best left as mysteries.


OTHER USERS
──────────────────
The registration fee for Graphic Workshop is $40.00 (US). If you pay
us by cheque, please make sure that it's a cheque drawn on an
international bank, and that it will be negotiable in Canada. It
must have the address of a North American clearing office printed
on the cheque. If there's no bank clearance number along the
bottom of the cheque, it will not clear.

We cannot accept payment by Eurocheques... they are not
negotiable outside Europe.

Payment from countries outside Canada must be in US dollars.


PAYING BY CREDIT CARD
────────────────────────────
We can accept payment by American Express and Visa only. We need
your card card number and expiry date and the name which appears
on your card.

We cannot accept MasterCard or other credit cards.


SOURCE CODE AVAILABILITY AND BOOKS
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
It isn't.

After considerable meditation and several bad experiences, we
have decided not to release the source code for Graphic Workshop.
We do license parts of it for specific applications... if you
want more information about using some of the functions of
this package in your software, please contact us.

If you're interested in writing programs which use graphics,
you'll find everything you need to know in Bitmapped Graphics,
second edition, by Steven William Rimmer. It's published by TAB
Windcrest Books, (TAB book 4266). It features code to pack and
unpack MacPaint, IMG, PCX, GIF and TIFF files, as well as
chapters on screen drivers, dithering and printing.

An additional book on this subject, Supercharged Bitmapped
Graphics, (TAB Book 4102), discusses the GIF 89a, WordPerfect,
BMP, IFF/LBM, TGA, MSP, 24-bit PCX and colour TIFF file formats,
as well as such subjects as colour dithering and colour printing.

Super VGA Graphics, by Steven William Rimmer and published by TAB
Windcrest, includes source code to read and write GIF and PCX
files, and to do extensive graphics in the sixteen, 256 and
32,768 colour screen modes of popular super VGA cards. There is a
chapter about printing graphics to a variety of printers...
ranging from simple dot matrix printers though laser printers to
colour ink jet printers. The book also includes a chapter about
writing animated super-VGA arcade games.

If you'd like to write applications which use menus, icons,
windows and all the other paraphernalia of a graphical user
interface, you might find the book PC Graphical User Interfaces
handy. It's published by TAB Books (TAB Book 3875). It includes
the C source for a complete graphical user interface library,
related code to manage fonts and bitmaps and a tiny paint
program.

Windows Bitmapped Graphics, by Steven William Rimmer,
published by TAB Windcrest, deals with the most popular image
file formats in a Windows environment. It also discusses
printing, viewing and dithering images in Windows applications.

A complete discussion of graphic file formats for use in word
processing documents and desktop publishing chapters can be found
in The Graphic File Toolkit, by Steven William Rimmer, published
by Addison-Wesley. This is an invaluable reference for anyone who
wants to use graphic files but does not want to become a
programmer in the process.

If your local bookstore doesn't have these books, they can be
mail or phone ordered from Christies of Cookstown, P.O. Box 392,
Cookstown, Ontario L0L 1L0, Canada. Their phone number is (705)
458-1562. It has a FAX machine on it after hours. As of this
writing, they're open seven days a week.


BUNDLING GRAPHIC WORKSHOP
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
If you'd like to include Graphic Workshop with your product, please
get in touch with us. We have several ways to help you do this so
your users get the most out of our software and we won't have to
set our leather winged demon of the night on 'em.


SHAREWARE DISTRIBUTORS
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
We will, at our discretion, send out disks of our shareware
applications to shareware distributors. Alternately, you can
download the current versions of our applications from CompuServe
in the PICS forum or from our bulletin board at [phone].

The area code for Alchemy Mindworks' non-800 numbers will change
from 416 to 905 after October 4, 1993.

We encourage you to use our bulletin board, as it will allow you
to keep your copies of our applications up to date.

If you obtain current copies of our shareware, you have our
permission to distribute them under the following terms. No
written permission from us is required if you abide by these
terms.

- That nothing be added to, deleted from or changed in the
  archive files which contain our packages. This includes adding
  ZIP file comments to them.

- That our shareware is not included in or bundled with other
  hardware or software without our written permission.

- That no printed documentation regarding our shareware is
  included with the package without our written permission.

- That hard copy explaining that our packages are shareware is
  included with the disks.

- That no more than $10.00 (US) be charged for the distribution
  of whatever package our applications are part of. If you will
  be charging more than this, please get in touch with us for
  bundling rates.

You do have our permission to copy the ZIP files from our quad
density disk to multiple lower density disks for distribution.

Please note that if you would like to distribute Graphic Workshop
in "rack" packaging, that is, in a store rather than directly
from a shareware distributor, we request that you contact us for
permission to do so. We will require a proof copy of the
packaging you intend to use prior to giving our consent for rack
packaging.


OTHER ALCHEMY MINDWORKS SHAREWARE
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
The following are the other shareware packages we have available
as of this writing. Our newsletter, available for the asking,
will list all the current ones.


GRAPHIC WORKSHOP
───────────────────────
This is the last word in image programs. It converts, prints,
views, dithers, thresholds, transforms, flips, rotates, scales,
crops, colour adjusts, scans, quantizes and wreaks special
effects on MacPaint, GEM/Ventura IMG, PCX, GIF, TIFF, WPG, MSP,
IFF/LBM, BMP, RLE, Halo CUT, Targa, ART, EXE, RAS, TXT and EPS
files. It drives CGA, Hercules, EGA, VGA and pretty well all
super VGA cards. It will drive PostScript and LaserJet Plus laser
printers, colour PostScript printers, colour inkjets and most dot
matrix printers. It features batch processing, extended and
expanded memory support, an intuitive user interface and easy to
follow menus. It allows you to convert colour image files into
superb black and white clip art for desktop publishing, among
other things. The registered version comes with GWSCAP, our
powerful VGA and super-VGA screen capture utility and a complete
set of accessories.


GRAPHIC WORKSHOP FOR WINDOWS (RELEASE 1.1)
─────────────────────────────────────────────────
Offering the same functionality as Graphic Workshop for DOS, the
Windows implementation of this package offers a traditional
Windows interface, multitasking and lots of things to click on.
It converts, prints, views, dithers, thresholds, transforms,
flips, rotates, scales, crops, colour adjusts, scans, quantizes
and wreaks special effects on MacPaint, GEM/Ventura IMG, PCX,
GIF, TIFF, JPG, WPG, MSP, IFF/LBM, BMP, RLE, Halo CUT, Targa,
ART, RAS, text and EXE picture files. Graphic Workshop for
Windows will display and print on any card and printer
respectively that can be driven by Windows. It features batch
processing, an intuitive user interface and easy to follow menus.
The 1.1 release adds a thumbnail preview mode, context sensitive
help, easier installation and all sorts of new features. Includes
several unicorns.


IMAGE GALLERY (RELEASE 1.1)
──────────────────────────────────
Image Gallery is a visual database to help you keep track of a
large number of image files quickly and effectively. It will
create database files... galleries... of any combination of
bitmapped image files, displaying them as small ``thumbnail''
images. It works with all the file formats supported by Graphic
Workshop, with the exceptions of EPS, EXE and TXT. You can search
a gallery visually or by key words. Each entry in a gallery
supports key word and comment fields, as well as the dimensions,
location and other specifics of each image. You can also print
all or part of a gallery, producing hard copy catalogs of your
images when you need them. Image Gallery will run with any VGA
card. It uses a Microsoft compatible mouse and will drive any
PostScript or LaserJet Plus compatible laser printer, and most
dot matrix printers. Release 1.1 includes a full colour view
function, colour thumbnails, exporting and multiple selection.


DESKTOP PAINT 256 (RELEASE TWO)
──────────────────────────────────────
This is a complete rewrite of our popular super VGA paint
package. Desktop Paint 256 is a powerful painting application. It
will let you create and edit pictures stored in the MacPaint,
GEM/Ventura IMG, PCX, GIF, TIFF, WPG, MSP, IFF/LBM, BMP, Halo
CUT, and Targa formats. It features a rich selection of drawing
and image manipulation tools, XMS and EMS support to work on
large images and a user friendly interface. Looking very much
like monochrome Desktop Paint in colour, it's a powerful
application which will be equally useful for picture collectors,
artists and desktop publishing users. It supports Paradise (and
compatibles), Headland Video 7, Tseng Labs 4000 series cards,
Trident cards which use 8900 series chips, Oak Technologies
cards, ATI VGA Wonder cards and all cards with VESA capabilities.
Note that you must have one of these super-VGA cards to use
Desktop Paint 256... it does not run in the standard 320 by 200
pixel "standard" VGA mode. Desktop Paint 256 requires a
Microsoft-compatible mouse.


DESKTOP PAINT 16
───────────────────────
Desktop Paint 16 is a VGA paint package for use with images
having up to sixteen colours. As with the monochrome
implementation of Desktop Paint, it will read and write image
files in the MacPaint, GEM/IMG, PCX files, GIF, TIFF, WPG, MSP,
IFF/LBM, BMP and PIC formats. It has EMS and XMS support to
handle images of virtually any size, an intuitive user interface
and a wide selection of image creation and manipulation tools.
Desktop Paint 16 can utilize fonts from many other sources,
including Ventura Publisher, Macintosh FONT and NFNT resources
and Windows FNT files. It requires a VGA card and a Microsoft-
compatible mouse.


DESKTOP PAINT (RELEASE THREE)
────────────────────────────────────
Desktop Paint is a powerful monochrome paint package fine tuned
for use with desktop publishing applications. It will read and
write image files in all the formats Graphic Workshop supports
with the exceptions of EPS and RLE. It has EMS and XMS support to
handle images of virtually any size, an intuitive user interface
and a wide selection of image creation and manipulation tools.
Desktop Paint can utilize fonts from many other sources,
including Ventura Publisher, Macintosh FONT and NFNT resources
and Windows FNT files. Desktop Paint requires a Microsoft-
compatible mouse.


GRAFCAT (RELEASE 3.1)
────────────────────────────
GrafCat prints a visual catalog of your image files, with
fifteen or sixteen pictures to a page, depending on the image
orientation you choose. It supports all the file types that
Graphic Workshop handles, and will drive any PostScript or
LaserJet Plus compatible laser printer, including LaserJet II and
LaserJet III series printers. This is a complete re-write of
GrafCat... it now supports a file finder screen like the one in
Graphic Workshop and numerous print options. It will also
generate catalog images... arrays of full colour thumbnails...
and has in internal image viewing function.

If you can't obtain them from the usual sources of shareware,
they're available from us for $40.00 each preregisterd. They're
also all available for downloading from our bulletin board at
[phone]. (The area code for Alchemy Mindworks non-800
numbers will change from 416 to 905 after October 4, 1993.)



REVISION HISTORY
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀

For them what cares...

Version 6.1w - Fixed a bug in the sixteen-colour PCX read
function. Added Sun Raster support. Added 256-colour dithering
for viewing 24-bit files. Fixed a bug that omitted the last
format resource in the resource, usually ART. Added super-VGA
detection for the EXE pictures. Added a StripByteCounts tag to
the TIFF format, which keeps some TIFF readers happy.

Version 6.1v - Added VESA support to the EXE format. Added
printer driver to do halftones on LaserJet-compatible printers.
Added contrast expansion adjustments for halftone printing and
dithering. Sped up the function that builds the file list in the
main window and allowed it to find directories with extensions.
Improved the image buffer allocation strategy. Added a DOS screen
capture function.

Version 6.1u - Added drivers for the Diamond Speedstar 24X cards
and improved the VESA support. The VESA drivers now handle high
colour, and work with even the most unusual VESA
implementations... we hope. Added zooming to the view mode.
Improved the error trapping in most of the functions. Added
support for the PFS ART format. Improved the Targa colour
handling for Targa 16 files. Added orthogonal and Windows palette
options to the colour reduction function. Added a thresholding
option to the monochrome dithering function. Moves the help
resources out of the main GWS.RES file to speed up the boot.
Improved the EXE format video card detection... it should behave
itself with PS/2s now. Added the VGACARD utility to help select a
super VGA driver.

Version 6.1t - Added Deskjet 500C printer support, and
considerably improved the handling of non-laser printers in
general. Graphic Workshop can now handle external drivers with
multiple modes. Fixed another inconsistency in the WPG format...
this one caused some WPG files to be read with several lines
missing from the bottom of the image. Fixed the PCX format to
write sixteen-colour files that get along with more recent
versions of PC Paintbrush. Added screen drivers for the Orchid
Fahrenheit 1280 and Ahead B cards.

Version 6.1s - Fixed a problem with converting eight-bit files
and modified the F9 colour reduction function to use sorted
palettes. This sets up the reduced palette such that the darkest
colours appear first in the palette, and hence the border will be
dark when the file is displayed. Improved the PIC resource to
write VGA-format PIC files. Added an option to write true-colour
images to the Targa format with either 16 or 24 bits of colour.
Added detailed on-line topical help.

Version 6.1r - Added mouse support. Fixed a problem with the WPG
format that caused it to abort on WPG files created by the
WordPerfect screen capture utility. Added fades and Oak
Technologies to the EXE format. Fixed a bug in the script
language that caused the scale function to choose the wrong
destination file format. Fixed a bug in the extended memory
support, and one in the BMP resource that caused problems in
writing some 24-bit files.

Version 6.1q - Added drivers for Oak Technologies VGA cards.
Largely rewrote the GIF format resource to make it a bit more
bulletproof. Added a GIF 89a write option. Added contrast
adjustment to the view mode. Simplified the view mode options
menu a lot, deleted some of the obsolete options and replaced the
error diffused dither with eight-colour Bayer dithering, which is
much faster for a quick preview image.

Version 6.1p - Added Windows RLE support, allowing
Graphic Workshop to create compressed Windows wallpaper and to
change the initial Window logo. Added a scale to size option in
the F8 scaling function. Added a time delay option for EXE
pictures... make your own slide shows. Added new tags to the TIFF
format to create TIFF files which will import correctly into
CorelDRAW 3.0. Modified GWSINSTL to make the GWS.RES path in
the F1 page default to the current directory.

Version 6.1o - Implemented registration numbers to disable the
closing beg notice for registered users, fixed a bug in the EXE
resource and added super-VGA support to it. Fixed several bugs in
the LBM resource.

Version 6.1n - Improved the TIFF support for certain fairly
obtuse types of colour TIFF files. Fixed an irregularity in the
Stucki dithers.

Version 6.1m - Fixed an inconsistency in the way WPG files were
being written. Added 24-bit IMG capability. Added a VESA screen
driver. Fixed a bug which made sixteen-colour EXE files convert
oddly now and again. Fixed a bug in the printing function of the
script language. History lurches erratically forward...

Version 6.1l - Fixed several bugs in the PIC and WPG format
resources and one in GWSINSTL, which caused the EPS preview flag
to be set incorrectly.

Version 6.1k - Improved the TIFF file format resource to handle
still more TIFF file variations. TIFF files and Tory politicians
were sent here to vex us... it's a shame you can't look forward
to voting TIFF files into oblivion. Fixed a minor bug in the 24-
bit to monochrome dithering code.

Version 6.1j - Fixed a bug in the WPG format which caused some
really huge WPG files not to read correctly.

Version 6.1i - Considerably sped up the colour remapping code for
the F9 effects functions. This will shorten the time it takes to
do colour remapping, dithering, softening, sharpening and spatial
posterization. Added a Tseng 4000X driver to support Tseng cards
with the Sierra DAC. This will allow users of these cards to view
24-bit files directly. Fixed a bug in the TIFF format which
prevented it from properly decoding some TIFF files, most notably
those from Corel Draw. Improved the EXE format to display
sixteen-colour grey scale files correctly on VGA cards.

Version 6.1h - Fixed a potential memory allocation bug in the
file finder screen. Added new Paradise D series drivers,
including one for the one megabyte Paradise card with a RAMDAC.
If you have this card, the new drivers will let you view 24-bit
files directly. Added a work-around for the EXE file format's
problem detecting some types of display cards and improved the
Hercules card detection. Added a tag all command to the main file
finder. Added a mode selection menu to the RGB display mode.

Version 6.1g - Fixed a bug in the quantized dither view function.
Added Promote to 24 bits to the F9 effects menu. Added an ATI-XL
true colour driver. Fixed a bug in the remap to grey view
function which only turned up after adding the ATI-XL driver.
Fixed a bug in the Targa format which caused true colour images
with palettes to be read incorrectly. Why would a true colour
image require a palette, you ask... Added landscape printing for
LaserJet printers and autosize modes for PostScript and LaserJet
printing. Fixed a bug in the PCX format which caused some eight-
colour PCX files to view improperly. Improved the precompensation
for printing multiple-bit images to PostScript printers... this
should make them print out with more lifelike halftones. Improved
the precompensation for expanded grey scale TIFF files as well...
same curve. Added new drivers for ATI and Trident cards. Busy
week, this one.

Version 6.1f - Fixed a bug in the rotate function which would
cause monochrome files rotated by 90 or 270 degrees to get
mangled or crash Graphic Workshop, depending on how big they
were. Very nasty.

Version 6.1e - Added a menu so that screen drivers can prompt you
for a display mode in viewing. Updated the Hercules driver to
version 2.0 so it supports cropping. Fixed a bug the the rename
function which caused it to lock up occasionally. Fixed a bug in
the WordPerfect Graphics format which caused it to abort on some
files. Fixed two bugs in the TIFF format... one which kept
Macintosh TIFF files from reading properly and another which
caused four bit grey scale TIFF files to be written incorrectly.

Version 6.1d - Fixed another bug in the Targa format which caused
some 16-bit files to be read with the wrong colour intensity.
Fixed a bug in the IFF/LBM format which caused some odd sized IFF
files to be read incorrectly. Fixed a bug in the cropping
function which caused it to behave erratically now and again.
Added a wait box for the virtual memory allocation. Fixed a bug
in several of the file format resources which caused F9 special
effects to mangle sixteen-colour images and the scale and print
functions to misbehave for some files.

Version 6.1c - Fixed a bug in the Targa format which caused the
red and blue pixel values to be interchanged in some types of 24-
bit files. Disabled several features in the the view mode options
menu which should have been disabled all along. Added large step
panning in the view mode.

Version 6.1b - Fixed a bug in the Hercules card driver. Added
foreign language support.

Version 6.1a - Added cropping, scanning and interactive colour
adjustment. The currently supported scanners include the HP
ScanJet Plus and the HP ScanJet 2C. Almost all the screen drivers
got updated. Added Halo CUT file support and we fixed a bug in
several of the image file formats which would cause certain types
of very large image files to compress poorly. We fixed the
virtual memory manager, which previously declined to delete its
scratch files if there was no TEMP variable in the environment.
We upgraded the VGA screen drivers to display sixteen-colour
images with no colour shift.

Version 6.0d - Fixed several PostScript printing bugs and
improved the way the Graphic Workshop file format resources
manage memory.

Version 6.0c - Fixed a bug in the GIF format resource which
caused GIF files to be written with bad screen descriptors. This
bothered some other applications which read them. Also, replaced
the Tseng Labs drivers... these seem to get along better with
some of the newer cards.

Version 6.0b - Added details to the GIF format. Fixed a bug in
GWSINSTL that caused an "Error loading GRAF" message if the
display type was set to VGA.

Version 6.0a - Fixed a bug which causes 16 x 16 pixel spatial
posterization to hang or crash back to DOS and one which caused
the view function to omit the last line in 256-colour images.

Version 6.0 - A complete rewrite with countless new and improved
features (a likely story, this.)


LEGAL DOGMA
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
Neither the author nor Alchemy Mindworks Inc. assumes
responsibility for any damage or loss caused by the use of these
programs, however it comes down. If you can think of a way a
picture program can cause you damage or loss you've a sneakier
mind than mine.

All the registered trademarks used herein are registered to
whoever it is that owns them. This notification is given in lieu
of any specific list of trademarks and their owners, which would
not be as inclusive and would probably take a lot longer to type.

If you register Graphic Workshop, we will assume that you are doing
so having tested the shareware version and ascertained that it's
suitable for your hardware and requirements. We cannot provide
refunds for shareware registration if you subsequently change
your mind.

Graphic Workshop, Desktop Paint, Image Gallery, GrafCat, GWSCAP
and Storyteller are trademarks of Alchemy Mindworks Inc.

That's it...