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- Scouring:
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- The technique used to removed surface finishes of fabric which may
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- prevent the fabric taking the dye adequately. The method used is to simply wash the
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- fabric in the machine in hot water and synthropol SP (or a quality washing powder)
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- and approximately a cup of soda ash.
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- Resist:
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- The method used to block off part of the fabric to prevent dye penetration and
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- thereby creating a design. Methods used include wax (batik), potato dextrin, or simply
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- folding/tying the fabric to prevent dye uptake.
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- Mercerisation:
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- To Treat cotton fabric with sodium hydroxide to increase the lustre
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- and to shrink the fibre and increase it�s affinity for dye.
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- Batching:
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- Leaving the fabric to allow the dye process to work. You can batch fabric
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- from 2 hours in ideal conditions to up to a week.
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- Vat dyeing/immersion dyeing:
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- The use of a large amount of water to float the dye
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- and fabric in. Auxiliary chemicals are needed in this process such as salt, detergent
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- and water softener if required.
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- Low water immersion dyeing:
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- The technique used to dye fabric using as little water
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- as possible. Less chemicals are required, less water wastage, and more texture is
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- gained in the surface design of the fabric.
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- Discharge:
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- The process used to remove dye from the fibres creating a secondary
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- design. Usually bleach or Thiourea Dioxide is used. The chemicals can be applied
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- using various methods including brushes, sponges, stamps and sprays. Sodium
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- Metabisulphite (Anti-chlor Concentrate) is required to neutralise the bleach with this
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- procedure. Vinegar is a substitute if these products aren�t available. Sodium
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- Metabisulphite is available from home brew suppliers. Good ventilation is required
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- while using this chemical and a mask with acid cartridges is recommended while it is
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- in powder form.
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- Soda ash:
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- This is sodium carbonate and is used to create the alkaline environment
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- that is required to fix the dye to the fibre. The ideal alkalinity is 10.5 - 11ph. Available
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- from dye houses and pool supply shops.
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- Urea:
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- A nitrogen which acts as a humectant, it makes water wetter, so keeps the
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- dyeing process working for longer. Ideal for use in painting or printing with the dyes.
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- It also helps to dissolve large amounts of dye in smaller amounts of water.