Monster Media 1994 #1/monster.zip/monster/PERSONAL/CAL94E10.ZIP/CALDOC.NOT

Text File | 1994-02-22 | 30KB | 523 lines

 1 ****  THESE ARE MISCELLANEOUS NOTES ON USING CAL94E  ******
 3 The main documentation for CAL94E is found in README.CAL.  That
 4 file can be viewed by executing program "README", which came
 5 with the program.  You should run README if you have not yet done
 6 so, as it contains important license information.
 8    Remember: watch the bottom of the screen for instructions!
 1  About CAL94E
 3 CAL94E runs under MS-DOS.  It was first released for public use
 4 in 1994, although it was written and refined over the course of
 5 several years.  The author has been working in systems analysis
 6 and programming since 1976.
 8 The author's goal was to create a useful, practical and
 9 inexpensive program for MANAGING PERSONAL INFORMATION, one that
10 can be learned and used by anyone who has a basic familiarity
11 with personal computers.  All copies of CAL94E are fully
12 functional: there are NO demonstration or trial versions.
14 There is no printed manual with CAL94E.  The hope is that the
15 documentation already provided (this Quick Note file, and the
16 README program) will be sufficient to explain the functions of
17 CAL94E.
 1  How to register your copy of CAL94E
 3 Refer to the file  REGISTER.FRM  which is distributed with the
 4 program.  It includes pricing information for registering
 5 multiple copies.
 7 The form contains space for your comments and suggestions, which
 8 might be incorporated into future versions of the program.
10 The copy of CAL94E that you already have is fully functional.
11 When you register, you will not receive a registered (better)
12 version of the program.  This approach allows you to avoid the
13 need to wait for your 'real' copy of the program to arrive in the
14 mail, and it allows the author to keep the price low.
 1  About Shareware
 3 Shareware is a form of marketing, not a type of software.
 4 It allows you to try a program before you buy it, thus saving
 5 you much potential grief (and money).  Some shareware programs
 6 are public domain software, or 'Freeware', which does not require
 7 a registration fee.  CAL94E is NOT 'Freeware'.
 9 Shareware depends heavily on your honesty in order to thrive.
10 Different shareware products offer various incentives for you to
11 send in your registration fee, but in the final analysis, it is
12 your honesty that really counts.
14 Please participate in this unique form of software marketing,
15 and register shareware programs that you use!
 1  Options for running CAL94E
 3 The usual way to start the program is by entering 'CAL94E' from
 4 the DOS prompt, after having changed to the directory containing
 5 the 3 program files.  Run the README program for details.
 7 If you have an old CGA video card that gives problems with snow
 8 on the screen, then enter 'CAL94E SNOW'  instead.
10 If you have a color video card in your machine, but not a color
11 monitor (which is the case with many laptops), you might find
12 the screen easier to read if you key the DOS command 'MODE BW80'
13 before running the program.  You can go back to color mode
14 afterwards by keying  'MODE CO80'.
16 The best way to run many DOS programs is to create a DOS batch
17 file to save all of the startup commands - see your DOS manual.
 1  Instructions on the bottom of the screen
 3 It is important to always watch the bottom of the screen for
 4 instructions.  Not every possible instruction will be there,
 5 but most of the non-trivial ones will be there, and they are
 6 context-sensitive.
 8 In many cases, the most important instruction on the bottom of
 9 the screen will be:  "- <Enter>:  Options Menu".
11 It should be noted that whenever you invoke the Options Menu,
12 the instructions at the very bottom of the screen do not apply.
13 Instead, you select one of the available options, or you can
14 remove the options menu by pressing the Escape key ( <Esc> ).
 1  <--- The elevator, arrow, and '/' over on the left
 3 Referring to the 'list' screen that you just came from:
 5 The elevator bar on the left gives you an idea of the relative
 6 position of the highlighted entry within the full list of
 7 entries.
 9 When the arrow is flashing on the left, then pressing the <Enter>
10 key, or holding down the left mouse button, will cause movement
11 in the appropriate direction.  This facility is really only
12 useful if you have a mouse, since you can get the same result by
13 using the 'up' and 'down' arrows on the keyboard.  The flashing
14 arrow always points in the direction of the most recent movement.
16 When '/' is flashing on the left, then pressing the <Enter> key
17 or the left mouse button will invoke the 'Options' menu.
 1  Scrolling a list
 3 Some notes on scrolling a list, such as the list of Notes that
 4 you just came from:
 6 Scroll the items one at a time using the 'up' and 'down' arrow
 7 keys on the keyboard, or by moving the mouse.
 9 The 'Page Up' and 'Page Down' keys will scroll a full screen.
11 The 'Home' key will take you to the top of the screen, if you
12 are not already there.  If you are at the top, then the 'Home'
13 key will take you to entry #1 in the list.  You should note that
14 a list of Calendar Events is really two lists, one of User
15 Events and one of Standard Events.
17 The 'End' key is the opposite of the 'Home' key.
 1  The Size of a Window
 3 The size of the window of a list (such as the one that you just
 4 came from) can be adjusted easily, either by:
 6   1. Invoking the Options Menu and selecting "Window Size"
 7          or
 8   2. Directly using the following keystrokes;
 9        ';'  - regular (default) window size
10        '>'  - maximum possible window size
11        '<'  - minimum possible window size
12        '.'  - increase window size by 1
13        ','  - decrease window size by 1
15 When a window is set to the minimum size, you will see more
16 detail information concerning the highlighted entry.  When it
17 is set to the maximum, you will see more entries from the list.
 1  Finding Text - Part 1
 3 Whenever you are viewing a list of Calendar Events, Quick Notes
 4 or Names and Addresses, you can search for text strings.  This
 5 function can be invoked by pressing <F4> at the top of the
 6 keyboard.  The search can be continued by pressing <F5>.  You
 7 can also invoke 'Find Text' from the Options Menu.
 9 For example, if you happen to be viewing a list of Calendar
10 Events, and you want to see any dentist appointments that you
11 have in 1995, you can invoke this function and then key:
12        [dentist+1995           ]  (two separate search strings).
14 You should be aware that this search function will not 'explode'
15 all dates for a recurring (e.g. annual) event: it only looks at
16 the data as it is exists in the entry.  All items of calendar
17 data are included in the search (dates, times, category, etc.).
 1  Finding Text - Part 2
 3 You can also do searches within a given Name and Address entry
 4 or Quick Note (such as this one).
 6 Here is a fast start to text searching:
 8 Press <F4> right now, then key 'you', and press <Enter>.
 9 Press any 'innocent' key, such as an arrow key, to stop the
10 flashing highlighting of all matches.
12 Press <F4>, key 'the+', key a bunch of gibberish, and press
13 <Enter>.  You won't get a match because of the gibberish, but
14 when you "press any key to continue" you will see all occurrences
15 of 'the' flashing.  You have asked for a match on two different
16 strings, and it will highlight the strings that it did find.
 1  Finding Text - Part 3
 3 There are three items of information needed to do a search:
 5 1.  The text to be searched.
 6 2.  The direction of the search, upwards or downwards.
 7 3.  The starting point of the search (at the highlighted entry,
 8     the top of the list, or the bottom of the list).
10 The first point will be discussed in detail later on.
12 The direction of the search is only relevant when you are
13 searching a list, not when you are in a Quick Note like this one.
14 At any rate, look at the top line and key <Ctrl + Pageup> and
15 then <Ctrl + Pagedown>.  Another way to change direction is to
16 press <F4> to move up to the 'Find' line, and then press the
17 'up' or 'down' arrow keys.   (Continue to the next Note ...)
 1  Finding Text - Part 4
 3 As with the direction of search, the starting point of the
 4 search is only relevant when you are searching a list, and not
 5 when you are within a Name/Address entry or a Quick Note (like
 6 this one).  When you are within an entry like this one, the full
 7 text of the entry is always searched.
 9 When you press <F4>, key your search string, and press <Enter>,
10 the search will begin either at the first or last entry in the
11 list, depending on the setting of the direction.  When you press
12 <F5>, the search will continue from the highlighted entry, either
13 upwards or downwards.
15 Note that you can combine <F4> and <F5>:  Press <F4>, key your
16 text, and then press <F5> instead of <Enter>. The search will
17 start from the highlighted entry, using the new text.
 1  Finding Text - Part 5
 3 Consider these examples of searching for text:
 5    1.      [brown+cow           ]
 6    2.      [brown+ cow          ]
 7    3.      [ brown +cow  +      ]
 9 Example #1 looks for  'brown'   and 'cow' in the same entry.
10    "    #2  "     "   'brown'   and ' cow'.
11    "    #3  "     "   ' brown ' and 'cow  '.
13 The '+' delimiter ends the text that precedes it.  Embedded
14 spaces in your text strings are included in the search.
16 The simple approach is to avoid including any spaces in the
17 text string that you key, as in Example #1.
 1  Finding Text - Part 6
 3 The following two searches are NOT identical:
 4    1.      [brown cow            ]
 5    2.      [brown+cow            ]
 7 The first example will find a match only if 'brown cow' is found
 8 on a given line, with one space between the words.  The second
 9 example will find a match if the words 'brown' and 'cow' are
10 found anywhere within the same entry.  (Try them both now.)
12          -------------------------------------------
14 In conclusion, you might want to take the simple approach to
15 searching through a list:  Press <F4>, key your text, press
16 <Enter> to begin, and then continue to press <F5> until you hit
17 the bottom of the list.
 1  The 'File Selection Menu'
 3 Whenever you invoke the Calendar, Names and Addresses, or Quick
 4 Notes function, you will be asked to select an appropriate file.
 5 In most cases, you will want the last one that you accessed, in
 6 which case you can press <Enter> or the left mouse button.
 8 In cases where you wish to select a different file, then go
 9 through the drive-directory-file hierarchy, as needed, by
10 following the instructions on the screen.  Requesting a list
11 of disk drives will result in an on-screen list of drives known
12 to your system.  Requesting a directory list will show all
13 directories from the selected drive that contain any of the
14 appropriate files for the function.  Requesting a file list will
15 show all appropriate files within the selected directory.
17 You can also use this menu to create and delete files.
 1  General Notes on the 'Calendar' Function
 3 The Calendar function of CAL94E is the main function of the
 4 program.  You can use it to store and view all types of
 5 one-time or recurring events.
 7 If needed, you create new Calendar Events files, either within
 8 CAL94E, or using DOS.  Run the README program for details.
10 Individual events can be changed, viewed, added and deleted from
11 either the "List Events" screen or the "View Month" screen.
12 You can only activate Standard Events from the "List Events"
13 screen because inactive events don't show up under "View Month".
15 Support functions exist that will allow you to search for text
16 strings, check for overlapping (conflicting) events, and do
17 printing.  A separate function exists for doing date arithmetic.
 1    A Few Suggestions for Calendar Events
 3 - Birthdays, Anniversaries, etc.
 4 - Ongoing maintenance items, such as oil changes, furnace
 5   filter changes, changing smoke alarm batteries, etc.
 6 - One-time milestone events, such as the dates that various
 7   warranties expire.
 8 - Meetings, (one-time or regular), including location and time.
 9 - Keeping track of your vacation days and sick time from work.
10 - Social events, including the time and place.
11 - Doctor appointments, dentist appointments, etc.
12 - 'Do list' items (e.g. Buy Dog Food).  Use Category "PESTER".
13 - Sporting events - you can enter the entire schedule of your
14   baseball/football/hockey team.
16  When you register, you will receive a lengthy printed list of
17  suggestions for things to store using CAL94E.
 1    The Calendar 'Overlap' Function
 3 The Calendar Overlap Function is invoked from the "List Events"
 4 screen.  It allows you to find out if there are any overlaps
 5 (potential conflicts) between any occurrence of the highlighted
 6 event and any occurrence of any other event.
 8 For example, you might have an entry for Monday night bowling
 9 that spans the next two years.  If you invoke the Overlap
10 function against it, you might find overlaps with a variety of
11 holidays and other events that fall on Monday.  This function
12 can take some time because it 'explodes' every event in the
13 list, but you can interrupt it at any time.
15 You can ask for Date and Time overlaps, or just Date overlaps.
16 You can narrow the date range of the overlap checking, e.g.
17 only check bowling overlaps for the next six months.
 1    The Calendar 'View Month' Screen
 3 This is the screen that you will probably spend the most time
 4 viewing when working with CAL94E, and it is worth spending
 5 some time to get to know it well.
 7 The list on the right hand side of the screen shows the events
 8 for the highlighted day.  It will show a truncated description
 9 of the event in cases where a time of day has been entered for
10 the event.  In cases where there are events for the day that
11 have overlapping times, a flashing hat (^) will be displayed.
13 There are many ways of scrolling the list on the right hand
14 side (versus scrolling through the days of the month).  The
15 simplest way is to use the Tab key to switch sides.  Run the
16 README program for a description of other ways.
 1    The Calendar 'View Year'  Screen
 3 This screen allows you to view an entire year at once, without
 4 seeing any of the events that fall in the year.
 6 Pressing the <Tab> key will switch the display format between
 7 showing 12 months or 6 months.  When viewing the 6-month format,
 8 you can scroll using the arrow keys or with mouse movement.
10 You can view any year from 1800 to 2099.
12 Press <Enter> to invoke the Options Menu, as noted at the
13 bottom of the screen.
 1    The Calendar Event 'Start Date'
 3 The start date that you specify for an event will usually be
 4 the first occurrence of that event, but not always.
 6 For example, if you select the particular Frequency that moves
 7 an annual event to Monday whenever it falls on a Saturday or
 8 Sunday, then the first occurrence could fall either one or two
 9 days later than the start date that you entered.  There are
10 various other Frequencies that can cause this type of situation.
12 If you schedule an annual event that first falls on Feb 29,
13 it will occur on Feb 28 in non-leap years.  If, on the other
14 hand, an event first falls on Feb 28, it will always fall on
15 Feb 28, even in leap years.
 1    The Calendar Event 'End Date'
 3 The 'End Date' for a calendar event does not have to correspond
 4 to the selected Frequency of the event.  For example, if you
 5 select the Frequency "Every week on Tuesday" for a particular
 6 event, the end date of the event does not have to be a Tuesday.
 8 The 'End Date' is therefore only a hard cutoff date, the last
 9 date that the event can occur, but not necessarily a date on
10 which it WILL occur.  You can use this situation to your
11 advantage.  For example, if you create a calendar event with the
12 frequency "Every year, last Sunday in May", then set the End
13 Date to May 31, or even December 31 of the End Year.  This will
14 ensure that you don't accidentally cut off the last year by
15 picking a date in May that precedes the last Sunday.
 1    The Calendar Event 'Time' (Start/End)
 3 The time of an event cannot be set to 12:00 a.m. because it is
 4 not clear whether that time is the start or the end of the day.
 5 In CAL94E, the day begins at 12:01 a.m. and ends at 11:59 p.m.
 7 For events that have no specific time of day associated with
 8 them, the Start/End Time is stored as  12:01 am - 12:01 am.
 9 When entering a new event, or changing an existing one, this is
10 easily requested by pressing the <Delete> key when either time
11 field is highlighted.  Such events will not be reported when you
12 request a 'Date and Time' overlap check, and they will not show
13 as having a time conflict with any other event on the "View
14 Month" screen.
 1    The Calendar Event 'Frequency' and 'Category'
 3 There is no explicit 'semi-annual' or 'quarterly' Frequency
 4 for calendar events.  The easiest way to accomplish this is
 5 to enter two or four annual events respectively, staggering
 6 the event start dates.
 8 For descriptive purposes, you should chose the event Category
 9 from the list that is the closest fit (or "Event, Miscellaneous"
10 if there is no good fit).
11 When you choose the event Category "PESTER", the event
12 will always show under the current date, e.g. when you are
13 viewing a month.  This is a good choice for 'Do List' items.
14 When you have actually completed the 'Do List' item, you can
15 change the Category to something else, and the date will then
16 stay put.  (Yes, "PESTER" should have been a Frequency rather
17 than a Category, but the idea was an afterthought).
 1  General Notes on the 'Name and Address' Function
 3 Use this function to store names, addresses, telephone numbers
 4 and associated brief notes (such as the last time that you wrote
 5 to the person).
 7 If needed, you create new Name and Address files, either within
 8 CAL94E or by using DOS.  Run the README program for details.
10 You can then select the new file on the File Selection Menu that
11 appears as soon as you invoke the Names and Address function.
12 The maximum number of file entries allowed in a given file
13 can be found below the window of the previous screen: "(max nn)".
15 You can insert the current date and time into the body of an
16 entry by keying <Alt + n>.  (Hold down either 'Alt' key, and
17 then key the letter 'n').
 1  General Notes on the 'Quick Notes' Function
 3 The Quick Notes function of CAL94E is designed to store any brief
 4 bits of information that you might want to remember.  You are
 5 allowed only one screen per note, so you are forced to be brief!
 7 If needed, you create new Quick Notes files, either within
 8 CAL94E or by using DOS.  Run the README program for details.
10 You can then select the new file on the File Selection Menu that
11 appears as soon as you invoke the Quick Notes function.
12 The maximum number of Note entries allowed in a given Note file
13 can be found below the window of the previous screen: "(max nn)".
15 You can insert the current date and time into the body of an
16 entry by keying <Alt + n>.  (Hold down either 'Alt' key, and
17 then key the letter 'n').
 1  General Notes on the 'Instant Calculator' Function
 3 The Calculator allows you to work with two numeric fields, "A"
 4 and "B".  All available results are automatically shown on the
 5 screen after every keystroke, so that you don't have to ask for
 6 them.  Result fields are rounded based on:
 7  1. the selected decimal accuracy
 8  2. the maximum size of results: 16 characters, including
 9     the negative sign and decimal point (but not commas).
11 One of the two fields is the 'current' field.  This can be
12 changed by moving to "A" or "B", and pressing Enter.
14 You can use the arrows (or mouse movement) to move down into the
15 results fields.  Pressing the Enter key will then move the
16 highlighted result field into the 'current' field, and
17 automatically recalculate all results.
 1  Printing Information - Part 1
 3 The following print options are available in CAL94E:
 5   1. Calendar
 6      - From the "View Month" screen, the full month can be
 7        printed, or just the events of the highlighted day.
 8      - From the "View Year" screen, the year can be printed.
10   2. Names and Addresses, 'list' screen
11      - The highlighted name/address entry can be printed in
12        'cutout' format.
13      - The full list of names and addresses can be printed.
15   3. Quick Notes, 'list' screen
16      - The highlighted note can be printed.
17      - The full list of notes can be printed.
 1  Printing Information - Part 2
 3 The Options Menu offers several choices for the print
 4 destination - LPT1 (the usual choice), LPT2, LPT3 or disk.
 6 CAL94E can only print through a parallel connection.  If your
 7 printer is connected through a serial port, then you can choose
 8 'disk' as your print destination, and then print that disk file
 9 after you have left the program, using whatever means you
10 normally use for printing a disk file.  Alternatively, you can
11 look into the DOS 'Mode' command to redirect LPTn to COMn.
13 Because printers are not standardized throughout the industry,
14 you might experience problems even if your printer does have
15 a parallel connection.  If you have such problems, you must also
16 use the 'disk' method.  CAL94E will tell you the name of the
17 disk file that it has created when it has completed 'printing'.
 1  Using a Mouse
 3 The use of a mouse is described in  README.CAL,  which is
 4 accessible by running the README program that came with CAL94E.
 6 One point that you should note is that pressing both mouse
 7 buttons at the same time is equivalent to pressing the <F2> key.
 8 <F2> is used to select or change existing data, such as a Quick
 9 Note, a Calendar Event, or a field within a Calendar Event.
10 Many programs look for a 'double click' of the left mouse
11 button to mean 'select' or 'change' - CAL94E looks for a
12 simultaneous click of both buttons instead.  This is a
13 non-standard approach, but you might find it to be easier.
15 CAL94E does not recognize the middle mouse button, if you have
16 one.  However, your mouse software might consider the middle
17 button to be the equivalent of the left button - try it out.
 1  Saving File Changes to Disk
 3 Whenever you make changes to a Calendar Events File, a Quick
 4 Notes File or a Names/Addresses File, those changes are not
 5 actually made to the disk until you exit the function that you
 6 are using.
 8 For example, when you add, change or delete Calendar Events,
 9 those changes are temporarily done in memory.  When you exit the
10 Calendar function, the program will ask you if you wish to save
11 the changes to disk, abandon them completely, or cancel the
12 request to exit the function.  You should only select 'abandon'
13 if you feel that you have made a mess of your changes, and want
14 to start over.
16 If you are making a large number of changes, you should consider
17 exiting the function frequently to capture them on disk.
 1  Keying Text Information
 3 The text editor in CAL94E was designed to be as simple and
 4 intuitive as possible, using some of the standard conventions
 5 that are found in other text editors.
 7 The 'Quick Notes' entries that follow this one comprise a
 8 tutorial for familiarizing yourself with the available options.
10 When following the tutorial, you will be changing some of the
11 entries.  You should avoid saving those changes to disk,
12 otherwise the tutorial won't be useful the next time!  You can
13 accomplish this by using the 'Escape' key (or right mouse
14 button).   When you are asked if you really want to "exit without
15 changing the entry", you should respond with "Yes".  Another
16 approach is to "Abandon" your changes later on when exiting the
17 Quick Notes function.
 1    Text Tutorial #1     Some of the Basics
 3 Look above 'the Basics' on the Title line above, and press the
 4 <Insert> key on the keyboard a few times.  Note that in
 5 addition to the change in the insert/typeover indicator, the
 6 cursor changes size between these two modes.  Insert/typeover
 7 is explained later in the tutorial.
 9 Press the <Shift> key a few times, and watch how the sidebar
10 information changes (over on the left).  The insert/typeover
11 indicator also changes.  Also try the <Capslock> key.
13 Move the cursor to this line, and press the <End> key a few
14 times.  Now press the <Home> key a few times.
16 Now press <Esc>, or the right mouse button, and move on to the
17 next Tutorial Note.
 1    Text Tutorial #2     More of the Basics
 3 Press the <Pagedown> and <Pageup> keys a few times, and watch
 4 the results.
 6 Press the <Tab> key a few times, and then try holding down the
 7 <Shift> key down while pressing the <Tab> key.
 9 If you have a mouse, move it around without touching either
10 button on the mouse, just to get the feel of it.
12 Move to either 'Action' line at the top or bottom of the screen.
13 You will see  "<ENTER> = Accept Screen".   This is one way of
14 accepting any changes that you have keyed (but of course you
15 haven't keyed anything just yet).  The other way is to press
16 <F10>, as noted in the instructions at the bottom of the screen.
17 The <Esc> key is used to cancel any keying that you have done.
 1    Text Tutorial #3     The <Enter> Key
 3 Set the insert/typeover mode to "typeover" (by pressing the
 4 <Insert> key) if it is not already set that way.  Press the
 5 <Enter> key a few times.  This will move the cursor downwards,
 6 but no data will change.
 8 Now set insert/typeover to "/insert\", then move the cursor
 9 to this X.  Hold down the <Enter> key.  This line will split,
10 and then everything will start moving downwards until there is
11 no more space for it to move.
13 Press <Esc> and then respond 'y' (for 'Yes') to avoid actually
14 saving the changes that you have made.
 1    Text Tutorial #4     <Backspace>, <F6>, <Delete>
 3 Move the cursor to the end of the 'Backspace Line' below,
 4 then hold down the <Backspace> key until nothing more happens.
 6  BACKSPACE LINE
 8 Move the cursor to this X and then press the <F6> key.
10 Move the cursor to this X
11 then press <Delete> 5 times.
13 Move the cursor to the right of this X
14 press
15 <Delete>, press <End>, then press <Delete> again.
17 Now press <Esc> and then respond with 'y' (for Yes).
 1    Text Tutorial #5     More examples of <Delete>
 3 X
 5 Move the cursor to the X above, and hold down the <Delete> key
 6 until these three lines all disappear.  Watch how the remainder
 7 of a line is deleted before the next line is pulled up.
10 X
12 Do the same thing at the X above, only this time when a line is
13 about half deleted, press the <End> key, and then continue
14 deleting.
16 Now press <Esc> and then respond with 'y' (for Yes).
 1    Text Tutorial #6     Keying in 'insert' Mode
 3 Set the insert/typeover mode to 'insert'.  Note the 'brown cow'
 4 over on the right, down a few lines.  Move the cursor
 5 immediately BELOW the X on the next line.  Type 'How now'.
 6 X
 7                                                        brown cow.
10 This amusing exercise demonstates how words are pushed down
11 intact when you are working in '/insert\' mode.
13 Now try inserting words in various spots in this Note.
15 When you are done, press <Esc>, and then key 'y' (for Yes).
 1    Text Tutorial #7     Keying in 'typeover' Mode
 3 Set the insert/typeover mode to 'typeover'.   Go to the end of
 4 the 'How now' line below (use the <End> key).  Type 'brown cow'
 5 and note that the 'brown' is split between the lines.  This is
 6 because you are not invoking the 'smarts' that occur when you
 7 are in 'insert' mode.  The 'typeover' mode does exactly that -
 8 it types over whatever is there.
10   Go to then end of this line  --- >                  How now
11   and then type 'brown cow'.
14 Press <Esc>, and then key 'y' (for Yes).
 1    Text Tutorial #8     Moving a Line
 3 Position the cursor anywhere on "THE TEST LINE" below.
 5 If you have a mouse, hold down the left mouse button and move
 6 the mouse towards you, and then away from you, to shift the line
 7 around the screen.
 9 If you do not have a mouse, you can do the same thing by holding
10 down the <Alt> key and pressing 'd' (for down) or 'u' (for 'up').
12    -->  "THE TEST LINE"  for shifting   <--
15 Press the <Esc> key and then respond with 'y' (for Yes).
 1    Text Tutorial #9     Duplication of Text, Date-Time Stamp
 3 Move the cursor to the 'X' below, hold down the <Shift> key,
 4 and then press <F1> a few times.
 5              Single character duplication from the line above.
 6 Cursor on -> X
 8 Move the cursor to the 'X' below, hold down the <Shift> key,
 9 and then press <F3> once.
10              Duplication of remainder of the line above.
11 Cursor on -> X
13 To insert the date and time into the body of the text, key
14 <Alt + n> on the next line.
17 Press the <Esc> key, and then respond with 'y' (for Yes).