ocr: FLAPPING FLIGHT WINGS RISE AGAIN YLAPPING IS A complex motion. To Wings are pulled in close F propel the bird along, the wings swivel to the body to move the as well as move up and down. Flapping is minimum amount of air also tiring - a small bird flaps 15 times a second for steady flight. Some birds close their wings and rest between flaps. UPSTROKE DOWNSTROKE Feathers at the wing's The solid surface of tip are spread our to the wing pushes the air allow air through downward, keeping the bird aloft FULLY UP Wings are brought to their highest position - à d - à - - - d for optimum - - power on ...