The Unsorted BBS Collection

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A.1 volt peak-to-peak~ C.Approximately 52 Hz~ D.14.000-14.025 MHz and 14.150-14.175 MHz~ A.Advanced or Extra Class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators~ A.An emergency in which the President invokes the War Emergency Powers under the provisions of the Communications Act of 1934~ C.Tell the candidate that he or she failed and return the application to the candidate~ D.A permanent amateur station and operator license certificate issued to a newly-upgraded licensee by the FCC within 90 days of the completion of the examination~ C.Cross-modulation of the desired signal and insufficient audio power to operate the speaker~ A.Frequency hopping~ A.Substantially unidirectional~ A.It reduces the spark gap distance, causing a lower frequency spark~ What term describes an amateur station located on, or within 50 km of, the earth's surface intended for communications with space stations?~ A.Amplitude~ D.Shallow nulls~ D.An op-amp~ A.A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1"~ A.4700 seconds~ B.Approximately 10 Hz~ C.By Extra Class Volunteer Examiners selecting questions from the appropriate FCC bulletin~ D.Frequency synthesis, FM demodulation~ What happens to photoconductive material when light shines on it?~ C.Radar~ D.Portions of reactance circles~ A.1(A), 2, 3(A), 3(B) and 4(A)~ What type of digital IC is also known as a latch?~ A.EME operation~ A.7.0-7.1, 14.00-14.25, 21.00-21.45, 24.890-24.990, 28.00-29.70, 144-146, 435-438 and 24,000-24,050 MHz~ B.The 13-WPM amateur Morse code examination~ A.Dynamic range and third-order intercept~ B.About 75 ohms~ Why is an antenna system with a cardioid pattern desirable for a direction- finding system?~ C.Any station except those licensed to Novices~ C.Afternoon or early evening~ A.Approximately 225 seconds~ C.The examiner must hold a General class license and be accredited by a VEC~ D.Gray-line propagation~ C.Symbol C~ B.The oscilloscope is used to display electrical signals in the frequency domain while the spectrum analyzer is used to display electrical signals in the time domain~ A.When comparing the gains of directional antennas~ A.An FET that has a channel with no gate voltage applied; a current flows with zero gate voltage~ A.All out-of-pocket expenses and reimbursements from the examinees~ B.2:1~ D.It is a radiolocation service using stations on earth satellites for amateur operators engaged in satellite radar experimentation~ D.An FET without a channel; no current occurs with zero gate voltage~ C.Surplus radioteletype machines that use the AMTOR code are readily available~ B.Satellite antennas require two rotators because they are so large and heavy~ B.The IF strip~ A.Any amateur operator/primary station licensee except Novice~ B.9.6 kHz~ A.About 6.1 dB~ C.The Radio Amateur Corps for Engineering Services~ B.That of the ARRL~ B.3500-3525 kHz~ C.Other amateur stations and stations in the Personal Radio Service~ A.The physical layer~ C.220 seconds~ B.Only when the prospective VE is an ARRL member~ B.An FCC permit to allow a United States licensed amateur to operate his station in a foreign nation, except Canada~ What are the requirements for a Volunteer Examiner administering an examination for an Advanced class operator license?~ What exclusive frequency privileges in the 40-meter wavelength band are authorized to Amateur Extra control operators?~ A.Common mode oscillating system~ A.Peak voltage~ B.Any licensed amateur station except a station licensed to a Novice~ What term describes a method of antenna impedance matching that uses a short section of transmission line connected to the antenna feed line near the antenna and perpendicular to the feed line?~ D.8~ C.12 volts DC~ When is VE accreditation necessary?~ A.The same as the characteristic impedance of the line~ Who must prepare Examination Element 1(B)?~ D.About 7,500 miles~ B.All out-of-pocket expenses only~ What is an Element 1(A) examination intended to prove?~ How does an alien operator identify an amateur station when operating under an FCC reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee?~ A.Quarter-wave vertical~ A.An LED and a phototransistor~ D.Credit for successful completion of element 1(C)~ What is the approximate frequency of the pilot tone in an amplitude compandored single sideband system?~ What is the schematic symbol for an OR gate? (Please refer to Figure 4BG- 1C.6)~ A.Because the satellite is rotating~ What is RACES?~ B.The receiving station checks the calculated frame check sequence (FCS) against the transmitted FCS~ What is the schematic symbol for a P-channel junction FET? (Please refer to Figure 4BF-1F.1)~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance inductor, a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor, and a 100-ohm resistor all connected in series? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)~ What is the function of a decade counter digital IC?~ What type of error control system does Mode B AMTOR use?~ D.The time it takes a satellite to travel from perigee to apogee~ D.1.0 kHz~ B.12.5%~ B.An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and output signals are in phase~ C.5,000 miles maximum, if the moon is at perigee~ C.The RF stage~ What directional pattern is desirable for a direction-finding antenna?~ D.Both 27 months and 5 months prior to initiating space station transmissions~ A.A spectrum analyzer~ C.Double-sideband AM voice~ D.Only if the person is an Extra Class licensee~ B.47 seconds~ What is the time constant of a circuit having a 470-microfarad capacitor and a 1-megohm resistor in parallel?~ D.The stub matching system~ A.Operation through a 10-meter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on 2 meters~ Who may reimburse VEs and VECs for out-of-pocket expenses incurred in preparing, processing or administering examinations?~ A.The examiner must hold an Advanced class license and be accredited by a VEC~ A.Credit for previously completed written examination elements only~ B.A chip with P-channel and N-channel transistors~ What happens to the resistance of a photoconductive material when light shines on it?~ C.Apply antistatic spray liberally to all non-metallic surfaces~ B.52 degrees~ A.220 seconds~ What are the functions of a VEC?~ How long does it take for an initial charge of 800 V DC to decrease to 14.8 V DC in a 450-microfarad capacitor when a 1-megohm resistor is connected across it?~ When must the test papers be graded?~ What is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 20 dB as compared to an isotropic radiator?~ A.An emitter-follower~ D.A special license issued by the FCC is required before any amateur licensee may operate an earth station~ B.Satellite azimuth and elevation bearings~ C.To the local radio club~ B.No later than 72 hours following initiation of space operation~ What is the duration of a 45-baud Baudot RTTY stop pulse?~ A.Noise figure~ A.By reducing the permeability of the loop shield~ What term is used to describe a spread spectrum communications system in which a very fast binary bit stream is used to shift the phase of an RF carrier?~ C.An array of optocouplers whose propagation velocity is controlled by a stationary wheel~ D.Electrostatic~ C.Radar interference~ B.The applicant must use an identifier code as a suffix to his or her present call sign, e.g., when using voice; "KA1MJP temporary AE"~ D.Arrange two Yagis perpendicular to each other, with the driven elements in the same plane, fed in phase~ What examination credit must be given to an applicant who holds a valid Novice class operator license?~ A.In the appropriate VEC question pool~ B.An amateur operator who is accredited by a VEC to administer examinations to applicants for amateur operator/primary station licenses~ B.Symbol B~ D.Because of the Doppler effect~ What is an optocoupler?~ What is Mode L in an amateur satellite?~ D.It requires a large area and four sturdy supports for proper installation~ D.The written examination for the General class operator license~ D.Paper dielectric~ B.Return all test papers to the examiners~ C.Install them in the primary and secondary ignition leads~ C.Impedance and SWR values in transmission lines~ B.The same as the characteristic impedance of the line~ B.The time required to charge the capacitor in the circuit to 36.8% of the supply current~ A.Give the percentage of the questions answered correctly and return the application to the candidate~ What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure 4BG-5 when R1 is 1800 ohms and Rf is 68 kilohms?~ B.Pulse frequency~ C.By reducing either the number of wire turns in the loop, or the area of the loop structure~ D.Any FCC licensed amateur station except stations licensed to Novices~ B.The lowest frequency used in Phase 3 transponders~ C.A pass from east to west~ B.Exospheric operation~ D.It is used to measure the standing-wave-ratio on a transmission line~ C.100 ohms, / 0 degrees ~ A.To provide civil-defense communications during emergencies~ A.About 1,000 miles~ C.Airplanes~ A.Earth station~ B.About 2.1 dB~ C.An amplifier for SSB transmissions~ C.Long-path propagation~ C.A negative-transition level~ What is meant by the term noise figure of a communications receiver?~ B.47 seconds~ C.Reimbursements from examiners only~ C.By Extra Class Volunteer Examiners selecting questions from the appropriate FCC bulletin~ What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-hertz shift, 110-baud ASCII emission J2B transmission?~ A.22 seconds~ B.The FCC~ A.A document printed by the FCC~ What does the accuracy of a frequency counter depend on?~ Why are special precautions necessary in handling FET and CMOS devices?~ D.0.2 pF~ B.The delta matching system~ D.A logic probe is smaller and shows a simplified readout~ A.0.08 seconds~ C.220 seconds~ D.7100-7150 kHz~ B.Double-sideband AM~ A.1(C) and 4(B)~ C.A flip-flop~ C.Telecommand operation is not permitted in the amateur satellite service~ C.The distance between the satellite and ground station is changing, causing the Boyles' law effect~ D.-5.0 to -2.0 volts~ D.1.0 kHz~ B.Telecommand station~ D.The elevation rotator points the antenna at the satellite and the azimuth rotator changes the antenna polarization~ A.Symbol A~ B.Two frequency multipliers~ C.Filter bandwidth should be approximately two times the received-signal bandwidth~ A.0 Hz~ A.The time required for the current in the circuit to build up to 36.8% of the maximum value~ A.Examinees~ A.36.8%~ What is an accredited VE?~ C.Only if that person is unable to qualify for a United States amateur license~ C.When the VE spends many hours preparing for the test session~ B.21.050-21.100 MHz and 21.150-21.175 MHz~ D.Certify on the examinee's application form that the applicant is qualified for the license and report the basis for the qualification~ C.They have micro-welded semiconductor junctions that are susceptible to breakage~ B.Symbol B~ C.Signal-to-noise ratio~ D.A program subroutine that calculates the gain of an RF amplifier~ B.1(A), 2, 3(A) and 3(B)~ B.If the organization's amateur-related sales are very small~ A.The Amateur Radio operation must be approved by the master of the ship or the captain of the aircraft~ C.About 800 ohms~ C.At least 30 dB below the mean power of the fundamental, and less than 50 mW~ D.Reassigning prime center with regard to the reactance axis~ B.The E layer~ D.An antenna coupled to the feed line through an inductive loop of wire~ D.The signal reaches peak amplitude only when the pulses are also amplitude modulated~ C.The IARU rules governing international operation~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 10-microhenry inductor in series with a 40-ohm resistor, at 500 MHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular coordinates.)~ D.Symbol D~ C.It reduces loss of received signals caused by antenna pattern nulls~ C.4700~ C.An LED and a capacitor~ B.AMTOR includes an error detection system~ B.2 years~ C.5112 ohms, / -38.5 degrees ~ D.By the FCC selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool~ B.The examiners must be absent to allow the candidate(s) to complete the entire examination in accordance with the traditional honor system~ B.FCC~ D.The difference between the lowest-frequency signal and the highest- frequency signal detectable without moving the tuning knob~ C.A circuit set to block either a 0 pulse or a 1 pulse and pass the other~ A.Frequency hopping~ A.The gate-protective Zener diode provides a voltage reference to provide the correct amount of reverse-bias gate voltage~ Under what circumstances, if any, may a VEC refuse to accredit a person as a VE on the basis of lack of membership in an Amateur Radio organization?~ B.The administering Volunteer Examiners~ D.Bandwidth and noise figure~ D.The gain does not vary with frequency~ C.It permits rapid change of frequency to escape high-powered interference~ D.Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas~ C.470 seconds~ D.40 milliseconds~ C.A document a candidate may use for an indefinite period of time to receive credit for successful completion of any written element~ D.At least 40 dB below the mean power of the fundamental, and less than 25 mW~ C.Standing wave ratio circles~ D.Elevation of satellite above horizon, signal-to-noise ratio, satellite transmitter power~ C.A discharge factor of one~ B.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(A), 1(B) or 1(C)~ What is the time constant of a circuit having two 220-microfarad capacitors and two 1-megohm resistors all in parallel?~ A.The oscilloscope is used to display electrical signals while the spectrum analyzer is used to measure ionospheric reflection~ B.The gate-protective Zener diode protects the substrate from excessive voltages~ C.A negative-transition level~ A.30 times per second~ A.Under no circumstances~ C.It receives equally well in all directions~ A.No later than 48 hours after termination is complete, under normal circumstances~ A.Propagation between two points at approximately the same distance north and south of the magnetic equator~ C.A logic probe can be powered by commercial AC lines~ A.An Amateur Radio network for providing emergency communications during long-distance athletic contests~ C.It is used as a dummy load for tuning transmitters~ B.Symbol B~ C.1(A), 2 and 3(A)~ B.278 Hz~ B.Values of capacitances and resistances external to the op-amp~ C.Packet radio~ C.It changes the radiation pattern from horizontal to vertical polarization~ A.Intermodulation distortion~ C.Approximately 900 seconds~ C.Long-path propagation~ What is the schematic symbol for an AND gate? (Please refer to Figure 4BG- 1C.2)~ D.Time~ B.An emission, on frequencies outside the necessary bandwidth of a transmission, the level of which exceeds 25 microwatts~ C.Symbol C~ What is blanking in a video signal?~ A.Within 5 days of completion of an examination element~ A.Operation through a 10-meter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on 2 meters~ A.Warn the candidate that continued failure to comply with the examiner's instructions will result in termination of the examination~ B.The FCC~ B.The difference between the output voltage of the op-amp and the input voltage required in the following stage~ D.A transmitting system with a high second harmonic output~ D.Bidirectional radiation pattern, high gain and wide frequency range~ C.Phase 2 and Phase 3~ B.Only if the applicant brings his or her equipment with them from the foreign country~ B.AX.25~ C.14.025-14.050 MHz and 14.100-14.150 MHz~ C.No later than 7 days after termination is complete, under normal circumstances~ A.A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output only when all inputs are logic "0"~ B.Under no circumstances~ A.CW~ B.General, Advanced and Extra Class licensees only~ What is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for white?~ D.FCC and Examiners~ What is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 15 dB as compared to an isotropic radiator?~ What is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for black?~ B.10 - 14 MHz~ C.The time required to charge the capacitor in the circuit to 63.2% of the supply current~ What examination credit must be given to an applicant who holds a valid General class operator license?~ C.The output impedance is essentially determined by the drain supply voltage~ B.2,000 miles maximum, if the moon is at apogee~ A.Symbol A~ How long does it take for an initial charge of 800 V DC to decrease to 108 V DC in a 450-microfarad capacitor when a 1-megohm resistor is connected across it?~ What is the necessary bandwidth of a 1000-hertz shift, 1200-baud ASCII emission F1D transmission?~ C.442 Hz~ D.A log-periodic dipole array~ A.The applicant's knowledge of Novice class theory and regulations~ What are the requirements for a Volunteer Examiner administering an examination for an Amateur Extra Class operator license?~ What is a NOT gate?~ B.Propagation between two points on the magnetic equator~ What do the initials TTL stand for?~ D.Pay the registration fee~ C.500 ohms, / 53.1 degrees ~ What is the schematic symbol for an operational amplifier? (Please refer to Figure 4BF-2.2)~ The ability of a communications receiver to perform well in the presence of strong signals outside the amateur band of interest is indicated by what parameter?~ What does the photoconductive effect in crystalline solids produce a noticeable change in?~ A.A chip with only P-channel transistors~ B.AMTOR~ D.By the FCC selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor in series with a 100-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)~ C.If the organization is manufacturing very specialized amateur equipment~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.01-microfarad capacitor in parallel with a 300-ohm resistor, at 50 kHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular coordinates.)~ A.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(A) and 2~ A.40 + j31400~ B.314 Hz~ D.Approximately 40 Hz~ C.200 pF~ B.It changes the radiation pattern from essentially bidirectional to essentially unidirectional~ C.Up to a full day's pay if the VE spends more than 4 hours preparing for the test session~ D.They are light sensitive~ B.Other amateur stations and other stations authorized by the FCC to communicate with amateurs~ C.The Field Operations Bureau~ Who must prepare Examination Element 4(A)?~ D.0.47 seconds~ C.The Field Operations Bureau~ D.The same as the input impedance of the final generator stage~ A.ASCII includes built-in error-correction features~ What are the operator frequency privileges authorized by an FCC reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee?~ A.Under no circumstances~ B.7.0-7.3, 21.00-21.45, 28.00-29.70, 144-146, 432-438 and 24,000-24,050 MHz~ What parameter must be selected when designing an audio filter using an op- amp?~ B.Frame check sequence~ What is the time constant of a circuit having one 100-microfarad capacitor, one 220-microfarad capacitor, one 470-kilohm resistor and one 1-megohm resistor all in series?~ B.22 seconds~ A.Approximately 5 Hz~ B.The collector-to-base capacitance of the PNP stage~ What are the points of communication for an amateur station?~ C.A vidicon tube~ A.100 ohms~ D. 10 ohms, / 100 degrees ~ C.45.0 degrees~ D.An LED and a phototransistor~ A.The internal crystal reference~ B.Only when the prospective VE is not an ARRL member~ A.The process by which all Advanced and Extra Class licensees are automatically given permission to conduct Amateur Radio examinations~ What is the time constant of a circuit having a 100-microfarad capacitor in series with a 470-kilohm resistor?~ C.3 years~ D.It decreases~ C.4.7 seconds~ C.A graph for calculating antenna height~ B.140 pF~ C.Reassigning resistance values with regard to the prime center~ D.Control operation~ A.The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 20 WPM~ What is the term for the time required for the current in an RL circuit to build up to 63.2% of the maximum value?~ A.An array of optocouplers chopped by a stationary wheel~ D.600 Hz~ What is the theoretical minimum noise floor of a receiver with a 400-hertz bandwidth?~ What is the necessary bandwidth of a 5-WPM international Morse code emission A1A transmission?~ C.The beacon output~ What is an operational amplifier?~ D.Install them in the antenna lead to the radio~ D.Symbol D~ B.An exponential discharge rate of one~ A.The same as the characteristic impedance of the line~ C.The administering Volunteer Examiners~ B.A klystron tube~ B.Both 6 months and 3 months prior to initiating space station transmissions~ C.19 + j20~ C.Permission to operate an unattended HF packet radio station~ A.They are susceptible to damage from static charges~ C.The amount of time it takes for a satellite to complete one orbit~ B.Within 30 days of completion of an examination element~ D.The gate-protective Zener diode prevents the gate insulation from being punctured by small static charges or excessive voltages~ D.3.61 degrees~ A.150 - j159~ A.3.2 degrees~ B.A very low impedance~ C.The ratio between the minimum discernible signal and the largest tolerable signal without causing audible distortion products~ A.Amplitude~ A.The external feedback network~ B.When the moon is full~ A.By using an audio filter~ How much gain does a 1/2-wavelength dipole have over an isotropic radiator?~ What type of receiving system is required for EME communications?~ A.121 ohms, / -25 degrees ~ A.0%~ B.A graph for calculating great circle bearings~ C.A pass from south to north~ D.A voltage that opposes the applied EMF~ What piece of test equipment can be used to directly indicate high and low logic states?~ C.A binary sequential logic element with four stable states~ A.The number of kHz between the lowest and the highest frequency to which the receiver can be tuned~ D.The candidates and the administering Volunteer Examiners~ Who determines where and when examinations for amateur operator licenses are to be administered?~ An amateur station is installed on board a ship or aircraft in a compartment separate from the main radio installation. What other conditions must the amateur operator comply with?~ A.Space operation~ D.470000 seconds~ D.13.5%~ D.The written examination for the General class operator license~ What is a nonresonant rhombic antenna?~ What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure 4BG-5 when R1 is 10 ohms and Rf is 47 kilohms?~ C.The input switching threshold is about one-half the power supply voltage~ C.7.36 seconds~ A.A galvanometer~ D.0.2 seconds~ D.Add two decimal numbers~ A.The transport layer~ D.Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas~ A.An electronic servo loop consisting of a ratio detector, reactance modulator, and voltage-controlled oscillator~ D.Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas~ D.Equipment with very low noise figures~ What is Mode J in an amateur satellite?~ C.4.8 kHz~ D.440 seconds~ Under what circumstance, if any, may an organization engaged in the manufacture of equipment used in connection with Amateur Radio transmissions be a VEC?~ B.Using an audio-frequency signal to produce pulse-length modulation~ A.Return the application to the examinee and inform the examinee of the grade~ A.An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and output signals are 180 degrees out of phase~ D.The time required to charge the capacitor in the circuit to 63.2% of the supply voltage~ D.It is practical for use only on VHF bands~ D.The synchronization layer~ A.A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output only if all inputs are logic "0"~ D.470.0 seconds~ What is Examination Element 3(A)?~ B.Tell the candidate that he or she passed~ A.500 ohms, / 37 degrees ~ How is the interlace scanning pattern generated in a fast-scan television system?~ B.Immediately terminate the examination~ How can selectivity be achieved in the IF circuitry of a communications receiver?~ The services of which persons seeking to be VEs will not be accepted by the FCC?~ B.0.3 kHz~ C.About 5,000 miles~ How long does it take for an initial charge of 800 V DC to decrease to 39.9 V DC in a 450-microfarad capacitor when a 1-megohm resistor is connected across it?~ C.Symbol C~ D.4 years~ B.The examiner must hold an Extra Class license and be accredited by a VEC~ C.Both 12 months and 3 months prior to initiating space station transmissions~ B.60~ A.Zero input impedance, infinite output impedance, infinite gain, flat frequency response~ D.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(B), 3(A) and 3(B)~ B.Portions of voltage circles~ C.161 ohms, / -65 degrees ~ A.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(B), 2, 3(A), 3(B) and 4(A)~ A.400 ohms, / 27 degrees ~ D.To the regional Section Manager~ D.Single sideband incorporating speech expansion at the transmitter and speech compression at the receiver~ What is the main drawback of a wire-loop antenna for direction finding?~ In a positive-logic circuit, what level is used to represent a logic 1?~ A.The broad side responses of the cardioid pattern can be aimed at the desired station~ A.A standard pulse is varied in amplitude by an amount depending on the voice waveform at that instant~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor in parallel with a 100-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)~ A.A non-cardioid pattern~ B.There must be an approved antenna switch included, so the amateur can use the ship or aircraft antennas, transmitting only when the main radios are not in use~ A.The Amateur Radio Emergency Service~ A.Omnidirectional~ A.1~ A.Each character is sent twice~ A.A high logic state~ D.Space station operation~ C.8~ B.A circuit that does not allow data transmission when its input is high~ Under what circumstances, if any, may a VEC refuse to accredit a person as a VE on the basis of membership in an Amateur Radio organization?~ D.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(B), 3(A) and 3(B)~ What is the term for the amplitude of the maximum negative excursion of a signal as viewed on an oscilloscope?~ B.318 - j400~ C.Binary phase-shift keying~ How long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 0.37 V DC in a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2-megohm resistor is connected across it?~ D.Symbol D~ A.A figure-8~ What is an AND gate?~ D.-180 dBm~ A.0.01~ B.An open-circuit failure in a digital-logic circuit~ D.FCC reimbursements only~ Who may be the control operator of a RACES station?~ B.Any communications concerning the Amateur Radio Emergency Service~ C.The highest frequency used in Phase 3 translators~ B.An exponential period of one~ After two time constants, the capacitor in an RC circuit is charged to what percentage of the supply voltage?~ B.By increasing the number of wire turns in the loop while reducing the area of the loop structure~ Who must prepare Examination Element 1(C)?~ D.The written examination for the Amateur Extra Class operator license~ B.A "clock" circuit that produces a continuous square wave oscillating between 1 and 0~ B.Very high~ C.Arrange two Yagis perpendicular to each other, with the driven elements in the same plane, fed 90 degrees out of phase~ A.The beamwidth increases geometrically as the gain is increased~ D.Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas~ D.Peak negative voltage~ D.Operation through a 70-centimeter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on 10 meters~ D.About 10.0 dB~ A receiver selectivity of 10 kHz in the IF circuitry is optimum for what type of amateur signals?~ B.Yagi~ C.1 second~ C.Polystyrene~ C.Op-amps are available in more styles and types than are LC elements~ D.5 volts RMS~ D.The FCC~ A.By General, Advanced, or Amateur Extra class Volunteer Examiners or a qualified supplier selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool~ To whom do the examiners submit successful candidates' applications and test papers?~ A.Portions of current circles~ With what other organization must an amateur station be registered before RACES registration is permitted?~ C.1(B) and 4(A)~ B.0.02 seconds~ A.Transequatorial propagation~ D.600 Hz~ D.A circuit that maintains a constant output voltage, regardless of variations in the input voltage~ A.Approximately 900 seconds~ A.1 kHz~ What are the requirements for VE accreditation?~ What is a linear transponder?~ What is the purpose of a pilot tone in an amplitude compandored single sideband system?~ A.1(B), 2, 3(A) and 3(B)~ C.Anyone who holds an FCC amateur operator/primary station license other than Novice and is certified by a civil defense organization~ C.The same as the characteristic impedance of the line~ C.The sharp peak response of the cardioid pattern can pinpoint the direction of the desired station~ A.About 50 ohms~ B.By using his or her own call, followed by the city and state in the United States or possessions closest to his or her present location~ What is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 30 dB as compared to an isotropic radiator?~ A.A doubly balanced mixer~ A.RACES stations and certain other stations authorized by the responsible civil defense official~ B.A high-gain, direct-coupled audio amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components external to the amplifier unit~ What happens to the conductivity of a semiconductor junction when it is illuminated?~ B.Approximately 1350 seconds~ What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-hertz shift, 74-baud Baudot emission F1B transmission?~ B.The 13-WPM amateur Morse code examination~ What is Examination Element 4(A)?~ C.The conductivity of the material stays the same~ B.Comparison of two digital input signals, digital pulse counter~ D.440 seconds~ A.The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 5 WPM~ C.The IARU~ C.An electronic circuit consisting of a precision push-pull amplifier with a differential input~ A.A unidirectional antenna terminated in a resistance equal to its characteristic impedance~ B.A P-N junction that develops an excess positive charge when exposed to light~ D.A chip with only bipolar transistors~ D.About 14.1 dB~ B.A device that receives and retransmits signals of any mode in a certain passband~ D.A circuit that alternates between two unstable states~ What examination credit must be given to an applicant who holds a valid Technician class operator license issued before March 21, 1987?~ A.By Extra Class Volunteer Examiners or Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool~ C.April 15 following the year for which the reimbursement was accepted~ With what rules must US citizens comply when operating an amateur station aboard any craft or vessel that is registered in the US while in international waters or airspace?~ C.A time factor of one~ D.Eliminate or reduce the interference~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance inductor in series with a 100-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)~ For what type of services may a VE be reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses?~ B.Only those frequencies listed in Section 97.8~ D.Resistance and reactance lines~ B.101.1 seconds~ D.Propagation between any two stations at the same latitude~ D.2400 Hz~ B.249 Hz~ C.In order to track the satellite as it orbits the earth~ How much gain does an antenna have over a 1/2-wavelength dipole when it has 6 dB gain over an isotropic radiator?~ A.0.06 seconds~ A.Compressing speech at the transmitter and expanding it at the receiver~ D.Symbol D~ What are the curved lines on a Smith Chart?~ A.A low-stability oscillator that "sweeps" through a band of frequencies~ B.An FET has low input impedance; a bipolar transistor has high input impedance~ A.Under no circumstances~ D.Within 10 days of completion of an examination element~ B.A pass from west to east~ Which range of frequencies is well suited for meteor-scatter communications?~ D.The written examination for the Amateur Extra Class operator license~ B.No later than 72 hours after termination is complete, under normal circumstances~ B.It becomes temperature dependent~ B.Filter bandwidth should be approximately half the received-signal bandwidth~ C.Only when the state governor has authorized that station to communicate with amateurs~ C.0.4 seconds~ B.Average voltage~ A.By installing filter capacitors in series with the DC power lead and by installing a blocking capacitor in the field lead~ C.Symbol C~ What does the horizontal axis of a spectrum analyzer display?~ A.12.64 seconds~ How many flip-flops are required to divide a signal frequency by 4?~ B.Frequency modulation~ B.A fluttery, rapid irregular fading~ B.The FCC~ B.Undesired signals will reach the audio stage~ What is the purpose of a coupling capacitor?~ C.The device becomes randomized and will not provide consistent high or low logic states~ B.20.3 degrees~ A.A figure-8~ What is an ascending pass for an amateur satellite?~ D.Radiation pattern circles~ What are the principle uses of an op-amp RC active filter in amateur circuitry?~ D.It decreases~ A.Amplitude modulation~ A.One half wavelength apart~ What is the term for the time it takes for a charged capacitor in an RC circuit to discharge to 36.8% of its initial value of stored charge?~ B.The applicant's knowledge of Amateur Extra Class theory and regulations~ B.A low logic state~ A.An emission, on frequencies outside the necessary bandwidth of a transmission, the level of which may be reduced without affecting the information being transmitted~ A.121 ohms, / 35 degrees ~ D.A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output when the input is logic "1" and vice versa~ B.141 ohms, / 45 degrees ~ A.The 5-WPM amateur Morse code examination~ B.The Volunteer Examiner must be an Advanced or Extra Class licensee accredited by a Volunteer-Examiner Coordinator~ C.Operation through a 70-centimeter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on 23 centimeters~ A.A transmitting system capable of operation on the 21 MHz band~ D.16~ C.An electroscope~ What is the time constant of a circuit having two 220-microfarad capacitors and two 1-megohm resistors all in series?~ B.A positive-transition level~ C.86.5%~ A.Any communications concerning local traffic nets~ A.It narrows the bandwidth of the received signal~ How must the station call sign be amended when operating under the temporary authority of a Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination?~ B.Those that the holder of the reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee would have if he were in his own country~ What are the requirements for a Volunteer Examiner administering an examination for a Technician class operator license?~ How many states does a decade counter digital IC have?~ C.Symbol C~ D.Oscillator instability and severe audio distortion of all but the strongest received signals~ C.21.000-21.025 MHz and 21.200-21.225 MHz~ B.It becomes temperature dependent~ D.220 - 450 MHz~ D.By increasing either the number of wire turns in the loop, or the area of the loop structure~ C.When the moon is at apogee~ How often is a new frame transmitted in a fast-scan television system?~ B.200 + j188~ What functions are performed by a phase-locked loop?~ C.Immediately upon completion of an examination element~ C.0.5 kHz~ C.Voltage and current lines~ A.1000 Hz~ A.The FCC~ A.Persons with Advanced class licenses~ D.DC voltage~ B.The 20-WPM amateur Morse code examination~ C.A gradual loss of signal as the sun rises~ D.Maintain pools of questions for Amateur Radio examinations; administer code and theory examinations; score and forward the test papers to the FCC so that the appropriate license may be issued to each successful candidate~ B.9400~ B.Cost and availability~ D.An FCC permit to a commercial telecommunications company allowing that company to pay amateurs to handle traffic during emergencies~ C.RMS voltage~ D.The Red Cross may limit available frequencies if the emergency involves no immediate danger of loss of life~ C.It reduces static buildup on the vehicle body~ B.Figure-8 end-fire~ D.40 milliseconds~ D.100~ B.In the audio circuitry immediately before the speaker or phone jack~ D.VE accreditation is not necessary in order to administer a General or higher class license examination~ C.Within 30 days~ A.2.0 to 5.5 volts~ C.By installing a high pass filter in series with the radio's power lead to the vehicle's electrical system and by installing a low-pass filter in parallel with the field lead~ D.100%~ B.Anyone holding a valid amateur operator/primary station license issued by a foreign government with which the United States has a reciprocal operating agreement, providing that person is not a United States citizen~ D.A high-stability oscillator that generates a series of reference signals at known frequency intervals~ D.A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output only when all inputs are logic "1"~ What must the examiners do when the candidate scores a passing grade on all examination elements needed for an upgrade?~ How is an Element 3(A) examination prepared?~ What is an optical shaft encoder?~ C.Satellite transmitter power and orientation of ground receiving antenna~ B.Amateur Extra Class licensees only~ D.76~ What should be the value of the terminating resistor on a rhombic antenna?~ A.One time constant~ A.Advanced or Extra Class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators~ What additional circuitry is required in a 100-kHz crystal-controlled marker generator to provide markers at 50 and 25 kHz?~ C.Low cost~ A.40 + j32~ What is the radiation pattern for two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/8 wavelength apart and fed 180 degrees out of phase?~ C.The input impedance of FETs and bipolar transistors is the same~ C.36.1 degrees~ D.The stub matching system~ How can ensuring good electrical contact between connecting metal surfaces in a vehicle reduce spark plug noise?~ What examination elements are required for an Amateur Extra Class operator license?~ C.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(A), 2, 3(A), 3(B) and 4(B)~ D.Morse code~ D.No later than 30 days following initiation of space operation~ What type of CRT deflection is better when high-frequency waves are to be displayed on the screen?~ D.60.9 degrees~ D.Frequency compandored spread spectrum~ What are some frequencies available for space operation?~ C.4.2 kHz~ C.Portions of resistance circles~ What examination credit must be given to an applicant who holds a valid Technician class operator license issued after March 20, 1987?~ D.Output-offset overshoot~ C.A VE cannot be reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses~ D.120 times per second~ B.3 months or until issuance of the permanent operator and station license, whichever comes first~ If a beam antenna must be pointed in a direction 180 degrees away from a station to receive the strongest signals, what type of propagation is probably occurring?~ A.Operation through a 70-centimeter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on 10 meters~ B.Assemble, print and sell FCC-approved examination forms; accredit Volunteer Examiners; collect candidates' answer sheets and forward them to the FCC; screen applications for completeness and authenticity; and perform other clerical tasks in accordance with FCC Rules~ A.Op-amps are more rugged and can withstand more abuse than can LC elements~ Who is responsible for the proper conduct and necessary supervision during an examination?~ C.Amateur stations only~ A.A capacitive reactance~ D.Symbol D~ B.1000 ohms~ B.0.02 seconds~ B.0.08 seconds~ C.600 + j628~ B.Complementary mica-oxide silicon~ B.3507 through 4004 kHz~ What does the vertical axis of a spectrum analyzer display?~ B.150 + j159~ C.Satellite transmitter power and orientation of ground receiving antenna~ What kind of impedance does a 1/2-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end?~ A.Only those frequencies authorized by the ARRL Section Emergency Coordinator~ A.Symbol A~ C.Pulse-width modulation~ What are the purposes of the Amateur Satellite Service?~ A.The gain increases linearly with increasing frequency~ D.An FET without a channel to hinder current through the gate~ B.Only an Amateur Extra Class licensee~ C. 91 ohms, / 65 degrees ~ B.It multiplies an HF signal so a low-frequency counter can display the operating frequency~ What is meant by compandoring?~ A.Those authorized to a holder of the equivalent United States amateur license, unless the FCC specifies otherwise by endorsement on the permit~ What is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/4 wavelength apart and fed 90 degrees out of phase?~ D.Peak positive voltage~ For what period of time must a VE maintain records of out-of-pocket expenses and reimbursements for each examination session for which reimbursement is accepted?~ C.0.04 seconds~ What degree of selectivity is desirable in the IF circuitry of a single- sideband phone receiver?~ A.11 milliseconds~ B.60 times per second~ C.The duration of the pulses~ B.It is non-rotatable~ C.1(A), 3(A) and 3(B)~ D.An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input impedance is held at zero, while the output impedance is high~ A.Anyone who holds a valid FCC amateur operator's license other than Novice~ C.Downlink operation~ B.An array of optocouplers whose light transmission path is controlled by a rotating wheel~ B.0.032 + j.000034~ C.To provide routine and emergency communications for long-distance athletic events~ A.The distance between the satellite and ground station is changing, causing the Kepler effect~ A.Symbol A~ D.91 ohms, / -65 degrees ~ D.The time required for the voltage in the circuit to build up to 36.8% of the maximum value~ A.12.00 volts~ A.15.36 kHz~ B.In portions of transmission line electrical wavelength~ D.500 ohms, / -53.1 degrees ~ D.It prevents receiver overload from extremely strong signals~ What is a monostable multivibrator?~ C.A parabola~ C.An antenna high enough in the air that its directive pattern is substantially unaffected by the ground beneath it~ B.1(A) and 3(A)~ D.Mechanical vibrations~ C.Zero input impedance, zero output impedance, infinite gain, flat frequency response~ B.One output level change~ C.The applicants~ C.Beam headings from several receiving locations are used to plot the signal source on a map~ C.A negative-transition level~ B.3800-3850 kHz~ C.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(B) and 2~ D.Phase compandored spread spectrum~ What determines the gain of a closed-loop op-amp circuit?~ When is it useful to refer to an isotropic radiator?~ D.Show how the incorrect answers should have been answered and give a copy of the corrected answer sheet to the candidate~ When an applicant passes an examination to upgrade his or her operator license, under what authority may he or she be the control operator of an amateur station with the privileges of the higher operator class?~ C.Propagation between two continents by way of ducts along the magnetic equator~ A.About 3.9 dB~ D.A sphere~ B.Symbol B~ A.Symbol A~ D.A horizontal antenna added to an Adcock antenna to produce a cardioid reception pattern~ B.January 15 following the year for which the reimbursement was accepted~ B.Doppler shift~ What should an examiner do when a candidate fails to comply with the examiner's instructions?~ B.By varying the bias voltage on the beam forming grids inside the tube~ C.Symbol C~ C.608 Hz~ What examination credit must be given to the holder of a valid Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination?~ D.The ability of a receiver to reject unwanted signals at frequencies close to the desired one~ What is a flip-flop circuit?~ B.120 IEEE units~ B.Cardioid unidirectional~ What is transequatorial propagation?~ C.Any communications concerning national defense and security or immediate safety of people and property that are authorized by the area civil defense organization~ B.1200 Hz~ D.60.4 degrees~ B.An electroscope~ D.An antenna whose directive pattern is substantially unaffected by the spacing of the elements~ A.The written examination for the Technician class operator license~ A.14.100-14.175 MHz and 14.150-14.175 MHz~ What type of capacitors should be used in an op-amp RC active filter circuit?~ D.0.06 seconds~ B.By Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators selecting questions from the appropriate FCC bulletin~ A.Only Extra Class amateur stations~ A circuit compares the output from a voltage-controlled oscillator and a frequency standard. The difference between the two frequencies produces an error voltage that changes the voltage-controlled oscillator frequency. What is the name of the circuit?~ B.The same as the characteristic impedance of the line~ D.Symbol D~ B.Emitter, base, collector~ C.A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output if all inputs are logic "1"~ What is the necessary bandwidth of a 13-WPM international Morse code emission A1A transmission?~ C.Hold an Extra Class license or higher; be at least 18 years old; and be a member of ARRL~ B.40 - j32~ C.0.000034 - j.032~ How much must the mean power of any spurious emission from an amateur transmitter be attenuated when the carrier frequency is above 30 MHz but below 225 MHz and the mean transmitted power is greater than 25 watts?~ What do the initials CMOS stand for?~ D.3800-3825 kHz~ D.A graph for calculating radiation patterns~ C.The input impedance is essentially determined by the gate biasing network~ B.Only if the organization's amateur publishing business is very small~ What is the only straight line on a blank Smith Chart?~ D.Only frequencies available to Amateur Extra Class licensees~ A.-2.0 to -5.5 volts~ D.An Adcock antenna~ What is meant by back EMF?~ B.Operation through a 23-centimeter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on 70 centimeters~ B.Tubular~ C.A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output if some but not all of its inputs are logic "1"~ A.628 + j600~ D.600 Hz~ B.By Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators selecting questions from the appropriate FCC bulletin~ What is a descending pass for an amateur satellite?~ C.100 ohms~ A.Both 3 months and 72 hours prior to initiating space station transmissions~ A.The FCC~ How many output changes are obtained for every two trigger pulses applied to the input of a bistable T flip-flop circuit?~ D.Filter ringing~ A.Undesired signals will reach the audio stage~ B.Give the percentage of the questions answered incorrectly and return the application to the candidate~ B.63.2%~ B.Permission to operate CW on 5167.5 kHz~ A.Always in order to administer a Technician or higher class license examination~ A.80 seconds~ C.Voltage and frequency of DC input to the op-amp power supply~ A.A very high impedance~ C.A capacitive reactance~ B.A circuit that alternates between a stable state and an unstable state~ B.The conductivity of the material decreases~ C.At least 50 dB below mean power of the fundamental~ How does the gain of a theoretically ideal operational amplifier vary with frequency?~ A.The FCC rules contained in Part 15~ C.A parabola~ A.It increases~ D.An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input impedance is held at zero while the output impedance is high~ D.Anyone who holds an FCC amateur operator/primary station license and is certified by a civil defense organization~ A.The number of pulses per second~ C.6000 Hz~ B.Restrict gain, but increase Q~ A.An FET with a channel that blocks voltage through the gate~ B.294 seconds~ D.Observe the power-line voltage on a spectrum analyzer~ A.The FCC~ C.Resonance~ A.Electromagnetic~ A.Electrolytic~ C.31 milliseconds~ D.The same as the generator output impedance~ D.The synchronization layer~ A.A graph for calculating impedance along transmission lines~ C.An FCC permit allowing a foreign licensed amateur to handle traffic between the United States and the amateur's own nation, subject to the FCC rules on traffic-handling and third-party messages~ D.The same as the output impedance of the generator~ B.Approximately 450 seconds~ What is Examination Element 3(B)?~ C.500 ohms, / 53.1 degrees ~ What are the two families of circles that make up a Smith Chart?~ C.6 months or until issuance of the permanent operator and station license, whichever comes first~ B.12.5%~ What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-hertz shift, 74-baud Baudot emission J2B transmission?~ B.A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1"~ B.Hold an Advanced class license or higher; be at least 16 years old; and not have any conflict of interest~ B.Op-amps are fixed at one frequency~ B.At least 40 dB below mean power of the fundamental~ B.Symbol B~ C.An antenna with an LC network at each vertex (other than that to which the transmission line is connected) tuned to resonate at the operating frequency~ A.AMTOR characters contain fewer information bits than Baudot characters~ B.An OR gate~ D.Only upon FCC approval that preventive measures have been taken to preclude any possible conflict of interest~ B.A positive-transition level~ D.Operation through a 2-meter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on 10 meters~ A.No amateur license is required outside of international waters~ B.A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output if any input is logic "1"~ C.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(A), 1(B) and 1(C)~ B.Symbol B~ What are some of the requirements to be a VEC?~ A.Amplitude compandored single sideband~ D.Filter bandwidth should be approximately four times the received-signal bandwidth~ C.Mode B AMTOR does not include an error control system~ B.500 ohms, / 37 degrees ~ C.An amplifier used to increase the average output of frequency modulated amateur signals to the legal limit~ What examination credit must be given to an applicant who holds an unexpired (or expired less than five years) FCC-issued commercial radiotelegraph operator license or permit?~ B.A VEC~ D.450 seconds~ C.A circuit designed to store one bit of data in either the 0 or the 1 configuration~ In a positive-logic circuit, what level is used to represent a logic 0?~ C.It requires a large amount of aluminum tubing and has a low front-to-back ratio~ B.By Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators selecting questions from the appropriate FCC bulletin~ B.The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 13 WPM~ B.A very low impedance~ After two time constants, the capacitor in an RC circuit is discharged to what percentage of the starting voltage?~ D.By scanning from left to right in one field and right to left in the next~ A.200 - j188~ B.The point on an orbit where satellite height is minimum~ D.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(B), 2, 3(A) and 3(B)~ D.Approximately 104 Hz~ D.Symbol D~ D.Symbol D~ C.An organization that has entered into an agreement with the FCC to coordinate efforts of Volunteer Examiners in preparing and administering examinations for Technician, General, Advanced and Amateur Extra class operator licenses~ What is the necessary bandwidth of a 5-WPM international Morse code emission J2A transmission?~ D.About 6.0 dB~ A.Peak-to-peak voltage~ A.2490 ohms, / 51.5 degrees~ D.An emission, on frequencies outside the amateur bands, the level of which exceeds 10 microwatts~ C.5.00 volts~ B.2.4 kHz~ A.Peak-to-peak voltage~ A.70 pF~ C.Pulse amplitude~ B.Any RACES stations and any FCC licensed amateur stations except stations licensed to Novices~ D.100%~ B.The distance between the satellite and ground station is changing, causing the Bernoulli effect~ C.37 degrees~ A.A free-running multivibrator~ B.An "OR" gate~ B.The 13-WPM amateur Morse code examination~ C.Combining amplitude and frequency modulation to produce a single-sideband signal~ B.Direct sequence~ D.318 + j400~ A.A logic probe~ Why does the downlink frequency appear to vary by several kHz during a low- earth-orbit amateur satellite pass?~ C.Approximately 1804 seconds~ B.Symbol B~ What is an undesirable effect of using too wide a filter bandwidth in the IF section of a receiver?~ C.The Field Operations Bureau~ C.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(A), 1(B) or 1(C)~ C.Any licensed amateur station certified by the responsible civil defense organization~ B.The input switching threshold is about two times the power supply voltage~ C.Produce ten output pulses for every input pulse~ C.A capacitive reactance~ C.The beamwidth is essentially unaffected by the gain of the antenna~ D.Voltage and impedance~ When must the licensee of a station in space operation give the FCC written post-space notification?~ A.Each character is sent twice~ B.Sporadic-E propagation~ C.MOSFET and GaAsFET~ A.A hypothetical, omnidirectional antenna~ C.A high-stability oscillator whose output frequency and amplitude can be varied over a wide range~ B.Insulate all plane sheet metal surfaces from each other~ The International Organization for Standardization has developed a seven- level reference model for a packet-radio communications structure. What level is responsible for the actual transmission of data and handshaking signals?~ D.Silicon FET and germanium FET~ B.The link layer~ A.Accredit Volunteer Examiners; collect candidates' application forms, answer sheets and test results and forward the applications to the FCC; maintain pools of questions for Amateur Radio examinations; and perform other clerical tasks in accordance with FCC Rules~ B.An opposing EMF equal to R times C (RC) percent of the applied EMF~ A.By Advanced or Amateur Extra class Volunteer Examiners or a qualified supplier selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool~ D.There are no rules governing Amateur Radio operation in international waters~ C.Two flip-flops~ D.The same as the input impedance to the final generator stage~ What type of coordinate system is used in a Smith Chart?~ B.22 milliseconds~ B.An organization that volunteers to administer amateur license examinations for any class of license other than Novice~ A.Check the power-line voltage with a time-domain reflectometer~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 400-ohm-reactance capacitor in series with a 300-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)~ C.Advanced and Extra Class licensees only~ C.4.7 seconds~ D.By adding to the call sign, when using CW, the slant bar followed by the letters T, G, A or E~ How long does it take for an initial charge of 800 V DC to decrease to 40.2 V DC in a 450-microfarad capacitor when a 1-megohm resistor is connected across it?~ D.An organization that has entered into an agreement with the FCC to coordinate efforts of Volunteer Examiners in preparing and administering examinations for Novice class amateur operator licenses~ A.No credit~ A.When the moon is at perigee~ A.To the candidate~ D.700 ohms, / 57 degrees ~ D.Any distance as long as the stations have a mutual lunar window~ B.0.03~ A.By Extra Class Volunteer Examiners or Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool~ D.0.2 pF~ D.600 - j628~ How long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 7.36 V DC in a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2-megohm resistor is connected across it?~ What is the schematic symbol for an N-channel dual-gate MOSFET? (Please refer to Figure 4BF-1C.3)~ A.Amateur Extra class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or a qualified supplier~ A.No credit~ C.The same as the characteristic impedance of the line~ B.Approximately 10 Hz~ A.A pass from west to east~ A.Equipment capable of reception on 14 MHz~ B.An OR gate~ What is one of the most significant problems you might encounter when you try to receive signals with a mobile station?~ D.The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 20 WPM~ D.51.0 degrees~ D.Any communications concerning national defense or security or immediate safety of people or property but only when a state of emergency has been declared by the President, the governor, or other authorized official, and then only so long as the state of emergency endures~ C.Figure-8 broadside to the antennas~ What is the meaning of the term time constant of an RC circuit?~ What is the duration of a 45-baud Baudot RTTY start pulse?~ A.The written examination for the Technician class operator license~ C.Only those frequencies permitted to United States amateurs that the holder of the reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee would have in his own country, unless the FCC specifies otherwise~ When must the licensee of a station scheduled for space operation give the FCC written pre-space notification?~ A.A slow change in the pitch of the CW signal~ D.Local radio clubs~ D.An FCC staff member who tests volunteers who want to administer amateur license examinations~ B.10 kHz~ A.100 ohms, / 90 degrees ~ B.By connecting the radio's power leads to the battery by the shortest possible path~ Where are the questions listed that must be used in written examinations?~ A.None~ B.A unidirectional cardioid~ A.In the IF strip, immediately before the detector~ B.45.0 degrees~ B.The process by which the FCC tests volunteers who wish to coordinate amateur operator/primary station license examinations~ D.Increase both gain and Q~ What is a truth table?~ B.7000-7050 kHz~ A.72 degrees~ C.Only if the organization is publishing very specialized material~ A.Cross-modulation of the desired signal and desensitization from strong adjacent signals~ D.Auxiliary station~ B.The 20-WPM amateur Morse code examination~ B.140 pF~ What is an OR gate?~ D.The high radiation angle of the cardioid pattern is useful for short- distance direction finding~ A.15.36 kHz~ D.FSK RTTY~ What is the schematic symbol for an N-channel MOSFET? (Please refer to Figure 4BF-1C.1)~ C.13.396 through 14.402 MHz~ B.Desired current gain~ What is a CMOS IC?~ A.Be engaged in the manufacture and/or sale of amateur equipment or in the coordination of amateur activities throughout at least one call letter district; and agree to abide by FCC Rules concerning administration of Amateur Radio examinations~ D.1.2 seconds~ D.It acts as a beacon to indicate the present propagation characteristic of the band~ D.The process by which each VEC makes sure its VEs meet FCC requirements to serve as Volunteer Examiners~ What digital communications system is well suited for meteor-scatter communications?~ C.455 kHz~ What are the disadvantages of a nonresonant rhombic antenna?~ C.Accredit Volunteer Examiners; certify that examiners' equipment is type- accepted by the FCC; assemble, print and distribute FCC-approved examination forms; and perform other clerical tasks in accordance with FCC Rules~ D.22 milliseconds~ A.A high-gain, direct-coupled differential amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components external to the amplifier unit~ B.110 seconds~ What is the relationship between the peak-to-peak voltage and the peak voltage amplitude in a symmetrical wave form?~ C.400 ohms, / -27 degrees ~ What is the time constant of a circuit having a 220-microfarad capacitor in parallel with a 1-megohm resistor?~ What examination elements are required for a General class operator license?~ C.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(B), 2 and 3(A)~ A.A current equal to the applied EMF~ B.Duration~ A.250 Hz~ B.A circularly polarized antenna~ What are the requirements for a Volunteer Examiner administering an examination for a General class operator license?~ D.About 1800 ohms~ A.The F1 layer~ D.159 - j150~ B.A positive-transition level~ C.7002 through 7354 kHz~ C.3700-3750 kHz~ A.An "AND" gate~ B.Omnidirectional~ A.A General class radio amateur who is accredited by a VEC to administer examinations to applicants for amateur operator/primary station licenses~ B.Credit for the code speed associated with the previously completed telegraphy examination elements only~ A.The capacitance of the solid~ C.RMS voltage~ C.Symbol C~ C.525~ A.A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output if any input is logic "1"~ D.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(C), 3(A), 3(B), 4(A) and 4(B)~ C.A circularly polarized antenna~ A.Homogeneous terrain~ A.ASCII~ What is the term used to describe the operation of an amateur station that is more than 50 km above the Earth's surface?~ D.0.032 - j.000034~ What occurs during CW reception if too narrow a filter bandwidth is used in the IF stage of a receiver?~ C.CW~ A.Filter bandwidth should be slightly greater than the received-signal bandwidth~ A.At least 30 dB below mean power of the fundamental~ A.1350 seconds~ A.It is used to compare signal strengths (at a distant point) of different transmitters~ D.Transequatorial propagation only works at night~ B.To keep the switching noise within the circuit, thus eliminating RFI~ C.Time-domain frequency modulation~ D.3 kHz~ A.Unidirectional cardioid~ B.A very low impedance~ A.Symbol A~ B.AMTOR~ What is the meaning of the term time constant of an RL circuit?~ D.An astable multivibrator~ D.A pass from north to south~ C.Issue the candidate an operator license~ B.Noise floor~ B.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(A), 2, 3(A) and 3(B)~ B.No credit~ D.5.76 kHz~ C.Unidirectional radiation pattern, high gain and compact size~ What is a spurious emission as defined in Part 97?~ D.31400 - j40~ D.100 ohms, / 75 degrees ~ D.A high level~ C.70%~ What is the purpose of RACES?~ A receiver selectivity of 2.4 kHz in the IF circuitry is optimum for what type of amateur signals?~ A.Symbol A~ In a pulse-position modulation system, what parameter does the modulating signal vary?~ What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure 4BG-5 when R1 is 1000 ohms and Rf is 100 kilohms?~ C.Two output level changes~ C.Earth operation~ D.By using an additional IF amplifier stage~ D.Amateur Extra class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or a qualified supplier~ C.In portions of antenna electrical wavelength~ A.A nonpolarized antenna~ What exclusive frequency privileges in the 75-meter wavelength band are authorized to Amateur Extra control operators?~ B.Telecommand operation~ A.A decade counter~ A.A General class radio amateur who is accredited by a VEC to administer examinations to applicants for amateur operator/primary station licenses~ B.The increased conductivity of an illuminated semiconductor junction~ A.The examiner must hold an Advanced class license and be accredited by a VEC~ B.Symbol B~ C.Varied terrain~ B.The FCC~ C.Figure-8 broadside to the antennas~ What organization coordinates the dates and times for scheduling Amateur Radio examinations?~ What is the triangulation method of direction finding?~ D.The examiners must be present to observe the candidate(s) throughout the administration of written examination elements only~ C.A logic analyzer~ D.Incorporate a high-Q filter~ A.3750-3775 kHz~ A.It blocks direct current and passes alternating current~ A.0.000034 + j.032~ A.The input impedance is essentially determined by the resistance between the drain and substrate~ A.The noise floor of the receiver~ C.Figure-8 broadside to the antennas~ What is Mode A in an amateur satellite?~ C.About 12.0 dB~ C.A current that opposes the applied EMF~ D.Persons who are employees of the Federal Government~ D.Applicants may only use their newly earned privileges during emergencies pending issuance of their permanent amateur station and operator licenses~ D.A table of logic symbols that indicates the low logic states of an op-amp~ D.The input impedance is essentially determined by the resistance between the source and substrate~ Why do CMOS digital integrated circuits have high immunity to noise on the input signal or power supply?~ C.An emission, on frequencies outside the necessary bandwidth of a transmission, the level of which exceeds 10 microwatts~ A.It increases the resonant frequency of the circuit~ B.141 ohms, / -45 degrees ~ What type of error control system does Mode A AMTOR use?~ C.Between the balanced modulator and frequency multiplier~ A.Peak-to-peak voltage~ How should the filter bandwidth of a receiver IF section compare with the bandwidth of a received signal?~ Why do many MOSFET devices have built-in gate-protective Zener diodes?~ C.3:1~ C.The communications layer~ C.The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 13 WPM~ B.The FCC rules contained in Part 97~ D.470000 seconds~ C.Only if the organization is selling the publication at cost to examinees~ C.1/2 wavelength~ A. 71 ohms, / 45 degrees ~ C.Approximately 20 Hz~ D.The examiner must hold an Extra Class license to administer the written test element, but an Advanced class examiner may administer the CW test element~ B.Oscillator instability requiring frequent retuning, and loss of ability to recover the opposite sideband, should it be transmitted~ What level of input voltage is high in a TTL device operating with a 5-volt power supply?~ B.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(B) and 4(A)~ A.Anyone holding a valid amateur operator/primary station license issued by a foreign government~ C.About 3.0 dB~ What is an astable multivibrator?~ B.Credit for successful completion of element 1(B) only~ D.A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output if all inputs are logic "0"~ B.Equipment with very low dynamic range~ What examination elements are required for an Advanced class operator license?~ D.1050~ D.181 ohms, / 65 degrees ~ A.Omnidirectional~ C.Cardioid unidirectional~ B.A transmitting system capable of producing a very high EIRP~ D.It decreases the ground loss~ C.The F2 layer~ D.One time constant~ A.1 kHz~ What determines the gain and frequency characteristics of an op-amp RC active filter?~ C.2.2 seconds~ B.Cardioid unidirectional~ B.The Section Manager~ In a negative-logic circuit, what level is used to represent a logic 0?~ C.The examiner must hold a General class license and be accredited by a VEC~ B.A wattmeter~ C.It increases the resonant frequency of the circuit~ A.A capacitive reactance~ D.32 + j40~ B.Up to a half day's pay if the VE spends more than 4 hours at the test session~ What factors determine the EIRP required by an amateur station in earth operation?~ What is the easiest voltage amplitude dimension to measure by viewing a pure sine wave signal on an oscilloscope?~ A.1(A) and 2B~ A.It requires a large area for proper installation and has a narrow bandwidth~ A.Resistor-transistor logic~ B.The relative strength of a received signal 3 kHz removed from the carrier frequency~ A.By using only his or her own call~ B.20 - j19~ What kind of impedance does a 1/4-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end?~ A.It stays the same~ D.The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 5 WPM~ What is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 12 dB as compared to an isotropic radiator?~ C.A flip-flop~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 300-ohm-reactance inductor in series with a 400-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)~ D.It acts as a voltage divider~ C.25 kHz~ B.2.0 to 5.5 volts~ A.Inverting and non-inverting~ What is the time constant of a circuit having two 100-microfarad capacitors and two 470-kilohm resistors all in parallel?~ C.Accuracy of the AC input frequency to the power supply~ B.628 - j600~ What is the schematic symbol for a NOT gate? (Please refer to Figure 4BG- 1C.10)~ What purpose does an isotropic radiator serve?~ A.A low level~ A.0 Hz~ C.The power supply voltage~ C.The process by which the prospective VE requests his or her requirements for accreditation~ A.A very high impedance~ D.Install filter capacitors in series with all DC wiring~ What type of calculations can be performed using a Smith Chart?~ A.1/8 wavelength~ C.Allow the candidate to complete the examination, but refuse to issue a Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination for any elements passed by fraudulent means~ C.The omega matching system~ D.The administering Volunteer Examiner Team~ B.It eliminates the effects of isotropic radiation~ B.221000 seconds~ What is a NAND gate?~ A.Decode a decimal number for display on a seven-segment LED display~ How can selectivity be achieved in the front-end circuitry of a communications receiver?~ C.Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor~ B.6998 through 7360 kHz~ A.The output voltage of the op-amp minus its input voltage~ B.Operation through a 2-meter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on 70 centimeters~ A.Amateur, RACES and FCC Monitoring stations~ A.A very high impedance~ What is the antenna pattern for an isotropic radiator?~ What is an Element 1(C) examination intended to prove?~ B.An FET with a channel that allows a current when the gate voltage is zero~ D.600 Hz~ D.The same as the input impedance to the final generator stage~ A.A low level~ A.A low level~ What is a sense antenna?~ C.4.8 kHz~ A.20 + j19~ The International Organization for Standardization has developed a seven- level reference model for a packet-radio communications structure. What level arranges the bits into frames and controls data flow?~ C.It removes alternating current by providing a low impedance path to ground~ How can unwanted ringing and audio instability be prevented in a multisection op-amp RC audio filter circuit?~ What is the time constant of a circuit having a 220-microfarad capacitor in series with a 470-kilohm resistor?~ A.Advanced or Amateur Extra class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or a qualified supplier~ D.2 and 3(A)~ D.One exponential rate~ A.Gate 1, gate 2, drain~ A.A vertical antenna added to a loop antenna to produce a cardioid reception pattern~ A.Values of capacitances and resistances built into the op-amp~ What is the process of normalizing with regard to a Smith Chart?~ A.Sunspots~ What examination credit, if any, may be given to an applicant who holds a valid amateur operator license issued by any other United States government agency than the FCC?~ B.Symbol B~ A.Under no circumstances~ B.2.4 kHz~ D.The beamwidth decreases as the gain is increased~ D.2350~ Within what time limit after administering an exam must the examiners submit the applications and test papers from successful candidates to the VEC?~ B.Only if the employee does not normally communicate with that part of the company engaged in the manufacture or distribution of amateur equipment~ How is circular polarization produced using linearly-polarized antennas?~ C.An inductive reactance~ D.Credit for successful completion of element 1(A) only~ C.The amateur station must have a power supply that is completely independent of the ship or aircraft power~ What happens to the beamwidth of an antenna as the gain is increased?~ What are the advantages of a nonresonant rhombic antenna?~ What determines the input impedance in a FET common-source amplifier?~ What is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/2 wavelength apart and fed in phase?~ D.Symbol D~ C.A chip with only N-channel transistors~ D.Approximately 2000 seconds~ When must the licensee of a station in space operation give the FCC written in-space notification?~ A.Symbol A~ What is the characteristic impedance at the input of a nonresonant rhombic antenna?~ D.Very high~ D.A high level~ D.Symbol D~ C.90 times per second~ C.7~ D.A voltage divider~ B.Symbol B~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance inductor in parallel with a 100-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)~ C.Approximately 52 Hz~ A.21.000-21.200 MHz and 21.250-21.270 MHz~ B.1(B), 3(A) and 3(B)~ B.Produce one output pulse for every ten input pulses~ A.December 15 following the year for which the reimbursement was accepted~ What is the input impedance of a theoretically ideal op-amp?~ D.Pulse-height modulation~ What is the schematic symbol for a NAND gate? (Please refer to Figure 4BG- 1C.4)~ D.0.47 seconds~ What is the term for the time required for the capacitor in an RC circuit to be charged to 63.2% of the supply voltage?~ D.Only an Amateur Extra Class licensee may operate aboard a vessel registered in the US~ C.An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and output signals are 90 degrees out of phase~ A.To prevent RFI to receivers~ A.The ARRL~ When the earth's atmosphere is struck by a meteor, a cylindrical region of free electrons is formed at what layer of the ionosphere?~ B.About 9.9 dB~ What factors determine the EIRP required by an amateur station in telecommand operation?~ D.A sphere~ D.In the low-level audio stages~ B.12.5%~ C.Frequency~ A.Larger bypass capacitors are used in CMOS circuit design~ B.1.5 to 3.0 volts~ C.Three half wavelengths apart~ How much must the mean power of any spurious emission from an amateur transmitter be attenuated when the carrier frequency is below 30 MHz and the mean transmitted power is equal to or greater than 5 watts?~ Who must grade the test papers?~ B.A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1"~ How is an Element 3(B) examination prepared?~ B.A coil of wire used as an antenna in FM broadcast receivers~ C.The signal reaches peak amplitude only when voltage spikes are generated within the modulator~ B.The delta matching system~ What is the term for the amplitude of the maximum positive excursion of a signal as viewed on an oscilloscope?~ D.3500-3550 kHz~ B.When the VE loses a day's pay to administer the exam~ C.-0.6 to 0.8 volts~ What term describes a wide-bandwidth communications system in which the RF carrier varies according to some predetermined sequence?~ A.An organization that volunteers to administer amateur license examinations to candidates for the Novice license~ Where should an op-amp RC active audio filter be placed in an amateur receiver?~ A.470 seconds~ B.30 + j3~ D.The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 13 WPM~ C.It stays the same~ B.It helps radiate the spark plug noise away from the vehicle~ C.Thermal-noise distortion~ C.Intermodulation distortion and dynamic range~ What is a logic probe used to indicate?~ C.Symbol C~ A.Operation through a 70-centimeter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on 2 meters~ B.Symbol B~ C.Very low~ B.470 seconds~ D.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(A) and 3(A)~ D.No later than 3 months after termination is complete, under normal circumstances~ What is amplitude compandored single sideband?~ D.1(C), 2, 3(A), 3(B), 4(A) and 4(B)~ B.The inductance of the solid~ What kind of impedance does a 3/8-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end?~ C.To filter out switching harmonics~ What is the time constant of a circuit having two 100-microfarad capacitors and two 470-kilohm resistors all in series?~ D.Complementary metal-oxide substrate~ B.Preparing, processing or administering examinations including the Novice class~ B.The position of a standard pulse is varied by an amount depending on the voice waveform at that instant~ D.The receiving station automatically requests repeats when needed~ B.When testing a transmission line for standing wave ratio~ D.Only upon FCC approval that preventive measures have been taken to preclude any possible conflict of interest~ What is an Element 1(B) examination intended to prove?~ D.Input signals are stronger~ What term describes a method used to match a high-impedance transmission line to a lower impedance antenna by connecting the line to the driven element in two places, spaced a fraction of a wavelength on each side of the driven element center?~ B.A positive-transition level~ A.28~ A.An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and output signals are 180 degrees out of phase~ B.A phase-locked loop~ D.An FET has high input impedance; a bipolar transistor has low input impedance~ C.The Volunteer Examiner must be an Extra Class licensee accredited by a Volunteer-Examiner Coordinator~ B.0.3 kHz~ D.19 - j20~ D.Audio output~ What type of antenna is most useful for sky-wave reception in radio direction finding?~ C.3775-3800 kHz~ B.Only if the organization's amateur-related sales are very small~ B.The delta matching system~ D.A high level~ A.Unidirectional cardioid~ D.Infinite input impedance, infinite output impedance, infinite gain, flat frequency response~ B.Within 15 days~ C.The examiners must be present to observe the candidate(s) throughout the administration of telegraphy examination elements only~ A.0.47 seconds~ D.1(B), 3(A) and 3(B)~ D.By using his or her own call sign, followed by the serial number of the reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee and the call-letter district number of his or her present location~ D.When the weather at both stations is clear~ D.500 ohms, / -37 degrees ~ What is the recommended power supply voltage for TTL series integrated circuits?~ C.Only when the prospective VE is not a member of the local Amateur Radio club~ C.The written examination for the Advanced class operator license~ C.Mode A AMTOR does not include an error control system~ B.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(A), 2 and 3(A)~ C.A circuit that allows data transmission only when its input is high~ How is an Element 4(A) examination prepared?~ C.One exponential period~ B.It blocks alternating current and passes direct current~ D.A Wheatstone bridge~ A.30 days or until issuance of a permanent operator and station license, whichever comes first~ D.A cathode-ray tube~ B.The deep null of the cardioid pattern can pinpoint the direction of the desired station~ B.300 ohms, / -17 degrees ~ C.71 ohms, / -45 degrees ~ A.The conversion of photon energy to electromotive energy~ B.Low current consumption~ D.A binary sequential logic element with two stable states~ C.400 + j318~ What is an isotropic radiator?~ What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-hertz shift, 110-baud ASCII emission F1B transmission?~ What will the administering VEs require an examinee to do upon completion of an examination element?~ D.Dynamic range~ What is the term used to describe the operation of an amateur station which transmits communications used to initiate, modify or terminate the functions of a space station?~ C.36.8%~ C.By installing a high pass filter in series with the radio's DC power lead to the vehicle's electrical system~ The frequency of an AC signal can be divided electronically by what type of digital circuit?~ C.300 to 350 ohms~ C.RMS voltage~ D.628 Hz~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 400-ohm-reactance inductor in parallel with a 300-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)~ D.To prevent switching transients from appearing on the supply line~ D.Only when the club is at least regional in scope~ B.The time required for the voltage in the circuit to build up to 63.2% of the maximum value~ B.To the coordinating VEC~ A.An orbital arc that extends from 60 degrees west longitude to 145 degrees west longitude~ B.240 ohms, / -36.9 degrees ~ B.The Field Operations Bureau~ A.103 seconds~ A.The signal duty cycle is less than 100%~ What is the proper procedure for suppressing electrical noise in a mobile station?~ C.442 Hz~ D.Gain increases 3 dB~ Which amateur stations are eligible for space operation?~ B.The output impedance is essentially determined by the input impedance of the FET~ B.Gain is multiplied by 0.707~ How long may a successful candidate operate a station under authority of a Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination with the rights and privileges of the higher operator class for which the applicant has passed the appropriate examinations?~ B.The maximum possible undistorted audio output of the receiver, referenced to one milliwatt~ C.A logic analyzer~ What test instrument can be used to display spurious signals in the output of a radio transmitter?~ C.188 + j200~ C.Figure-8 broadside~ C.Only transmitting frequencies in the top 25 kHz of each amateur band~ B.14~ D.Resting voltage~ B.900 seconds~ What is a crystal-controlled marker generator?~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 300-ohm-reactance capacitor, a 600-ohm-reactance inductor, and a 400-ohm resistor, all connected in series? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)~ B.Output-offset overshoot~ C.A standard pulse is varied in duration by an amount depending on the voice waveform at that instant~ C.The level of noise generated in the front end and succeeding stages of a receiver~ B.Elliptical~ What is the necessary bandwidth of a 13-WPM international Morse code emission J2A transmission?~ B. 10 ohms, / 0 degrees ~ B.An inductive reactance~ In a negative-logic circuit, what level is used to represent a logic 1?~ C.The Field Operations Bureau~ D.The Field Operations Bureau~ A.One discharge period~ What is the time constant of a circuit having a 470-microfarad capacitor in series with a 470-kilohm resistor?~ What additional operator privileges are granted to an Amateur Extra Class operator registered with RACES?~ What is the maximum separation between two stations communicating by moonbounce?~ B.47 seconds~ B.Disc ceramic~ A.68.8 seconds~ Under what circumstances, if any, is a US citizen holding a foreign Amateur Radio license eligible to obtain an FCC Reciprocal Operating Permit?~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.001-microfarad capacitor in series with a 400-ohm resistor, at 500 kHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular coordinates.)~ D.100%~ A.30~ A.About 1.5 dB~ D.It divides an HF signal so a low-frequency counter can display the operating frequency~ A.1.8 - 1.9 MHz~ C.Noise figure~ B.A logic probe can be used to test analog and digital circuits~ D.The larger character set allows store-and-forward control characters to be added to a message~ A.Install them in the resistive high voltage cable every 2 years~ A.The reactance axis~ A.Preparing, processing or administering examinations above the Novice class~ What is VE accreditation?~ A.0.00021~ D.The examiner must hold an Extra Class license to administer the written test element, but an Advanced class examiner may administer the CW test element~ What is the necessary bandwidth of a 4800-hertz frequency shift, 9600-baud ASCII emission F1D transmission?~ What is an FCC reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee?~ D.The local oscillator~ A.The gamma matching system~ A.SSB voice~ B.1~ B.18 milliseconds~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 1.0-microfarad capacitor in parallel with a 30-ohm resistor, at 5 MHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular coordinates.)~ D.Op-amps exhibit gain rather than insertion loss~ C.-174 dBm~ C.1(B), 2, 3(A), 3(B), 4(A) and 4(B)~ C.3 + j30~ A.Incorporate a means of varying the supply voltage to the local oscillator circuitry~ B.High front-to-back ratio, compact size and high gain~ What is the output impedance of a theoretically ideal op-amp?~ C.It is possible to transmit upper and lower case text~ A.Bandpass characteristics~ C.31 milliseconds~ A.11 milliseconds~ A.1~ C.3~ D.2490 ohms, / -51.5 degrees ~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 1.0-millihenry inductor in series with a 200-ohm resistor, at 30 kHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular coordinates.)~ B.An open-ended bidirectional antenna~ A.The VEC~ A.A low level~ B.By Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators selecting questions from the appropriate FCC bulletin~ B.A very low impedance~ B.It is a radio communication service using stations on earth satellites for weather information~ D.It decreases the resonant frequency of the circuit~ B.Reassigning reactance values with regard to the resistance axis~ D.Spread spectrum communication~ What is a Smith Chart?~ A.Under no circumstances~ D.Op-amp circuits are used as audio filters for receivers~ D.A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output if some but not all of its inputs are logic "1"~ D.If the applicant does not hold an FCC license as of the date of application, but had held a US amateur license other than Novice class less than 10 years before the date of application~ What are the two basic types of linear transponders used in amateur satellites?~ C.600 ohms, / 47 degrees ~ What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-hertz shift, 45-baud Baudot emission F1B transmission?~ D.By installing filter capacitors in series with the DC power lead~ D.500 ohms, / -53.1 degrees ~ What is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for blanking?~ C.The Volunteer-Examiner Coordinator~ A.Small size~ A.Symbol A~ D.To provide routine and emergency communications for large-scale international events, such as the Olympic games~ C.About 8.1 dB~ D.Height of earth antenna and satellite orbit~ A.It reflects the standing waves on the antenna elements back to the transmitter~ C.38~ Under what circumstances, if any, may an amateur station communicate with a non-amateur station?~ How much gain does an antenna have over a 1/2-wavelength dipole when it has 12 dB gain over an isotropic radiator?~ D.5.76 kHz~ What are the advantages of using an op-amp instead of LC elements in an audio filter?~ A.General, Advanced, or Amateur Extra class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or a qualified supplier~ A.304 Hz~ What is the radiation pattern for two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/4 wavelength apart and fed in phase?~ Why is the transmitter peak power in a pulse modulation system much greater than its average power?~ A.100 Hz~ C.A civil defense organization~ A.Ignition noise~ A.0.04 seconds~ B.Transistor-transistor logic~ D.Four half wavelengths apart~ D.Ease of circuit design~ C.A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output if only one input is a logic "1"~ What type of transmitting system is required for EME communications?~ A.Pulse duration~ How long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 1 V DC in a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2-megohm resistor is connected across it?~ A.0.01 seconds~ D.1(B), 2, 3(A), 3(B) and 4(A)~ What is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/4 wavelength apart and fed 180 degrees out of phase?~ How can you determine if a line-noise interference problem is being generated within your home?~ D.Within 90 days~ B.A pass from east to west~ A.Reception of single sideband with a conventional CW receiver~ B.Be an organization that exists for the purpose of furthering the amateur service; be at least regional in scope; agree to coordinate examinations for Technician, General, Advanced and Amateur Extra class operator licenses~ A.The conductivity of the material increases~ D.Amateur stations and US Government stations~ What exclusive frequency privileges in the 80-meter wavelength band are authorized to Amateur Extra control operators?~ B.70 to 75 ohms~ B.44 seconds~ D.By the FCC selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool~ D.1 wavelength~ D.Filter ringing~ How many horizontal lines make up a fast-scan television frame?~ D.The examiner must hold an Extra Class license to administer the written test element, but an Advanced class examiner may administer the CW test element~ B.Amateur Extra Class licensees only~ Why does an antenna system for earth operation (for communications through a satellite) need to have rotators for both azimuth and elevation control?~ C.450 seconds~ D.Four output level changes~ C.Advanced class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or Volunteer- Examiner Coordinators~ What is one advantage of using the ASCII code, with its larger character set, instead of the Baudot code?~ D.By varying electromagnetic fields~ B.Observe quiet hours and pay a fine~ B.Symbol B~ A.A pass from north to south~ What logic state do the inputs of a TTL device assume if they are left open?~ What is a phase-locked loop circuit?~ B.They have fragile leads that may break off~ A.Path loss, earth antenna gain, signal-to-noise ratio~ B.Infinite input impedance, zero output impedance, infinite gain, flat frequency response~ What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure 4BG-5 when R1 is 3300 ohms and Rf is 47 kilohms?~ B.The radio amateur civil emergency service~ D.6 MHz~ D.900 seconds~ C.Temperature coefficient~ What test instrument is used to display intermodulation distortion products from an SSB transmitter?~ B.A frequency modulated helium-neon laser~ D.4.8 kHz~ B.Noon~ C.A negative-transition level~ C.A wire loop used in radio direction finding~ C.An inductive reactance~ A.The Volunteer Examiner must be a Novice class licensee accredited by a Volunteer-Examiner Coordinator~ What is the radiation pattern for two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/8 wavelength apart and fed in phase?~ C.159 + j150~ D.The D layer~ D.The written examination for the Technician class operator license~ How do the examiners inform a candidate who does not score a passing grade?~ What is an enhancement-mode FET?~ B.One time constant~ How long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 2.71 V DC in a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2-megohm resistor is connected across it?~ What term describes the space-to-earth transmissions used to communicate the results of measurements made by a space station?~ C.The two-tone intermodulation distortion~ C.32 - j40~ A.Using the geometric angle of ground waves and sky waves emanating from the same source to locate the signal source~ How much money, if any, may a person accept for services as a VE?~ What is the necessary bandwidth of a 4800-hertz frequency shift, 9600-baud ASCII emission J2D transmission?~ D.It encourages lower frequency electrical resonances in the vehicle~ D.The current axis~ A.One cannot compare input impedance without first knowing the supply voltage~ C.A bistable multivibrator~ D.An LED and a solar cell~ D.13.60 volts~ What type of antenna can be used to minimize the effects of spin modulation and Faraday rotation?~ C.All frequencies available to the amateur service, providing license- class, power and emission-type restrictions are observed~ C.An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and output signals are 90 degrees out of phase~ A.30 - j3~ What is a Volunteer-Examiner Coordinator?~ A.240 ohms, / 36.9 degrees ~ D.Credit for successful completion of elements 2, 3(A), 3(B), 4(A) and 4(B)~ D.A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output if all inputs are logic "0"~ What is one way that voice is transmitted in a pulse-width modulation system?~ D.Auroral propagation~ D.2400 Hz~ C.When (in the northern hemisphere) directing the transmission in a southerly direction~ B.The US Department of Defense~ A.Stack two Yagis, fed 90 degrees out of phase, to form an array with the respective elements in parallel planes~ Where must the examiners be and what must they be doing during an examination?~ Who is eligible for an FCC reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee?~ Who must prepare Examination Element 3(B)?~ C.Emitter, base 1, base 2~ A.55 seconds~ B.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(A), 3(A), 3(B) and 4(A)~ C.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(B), 2, 3(A), 3(B) and 4(A)~ B.Inverse peak negative voltage~ Which amateur licensees are eligible to operate an earth station?~ D.15 kHz~ What is the primary advantage of AMTOR over Baudot RTTY?~ D.Only for preparation of examination elements~ D.0.07~ C.Turning off the scanning beam at the conclusion of a transmission~ D.When using a dummy load to tune a transmitter~ C.The examiner must hold a General class license and be accredited by a VEC~ D.A device used to change FM to SSB~ What are the best days to schedule EME contacts?~ D.The receiving station automatically requests repeats when needed~ C.200 pF~ D.A Wheatstone bridge~ Which stage of a receiver primarily establishes its noise figure?~ What are the points of communications for amateur stations operated in RACES and certified by the responsible civil defense organization as registered with that organization?~ What is the effect of a terminating resistor on a rhombic antenna?~ D.Elevation of satellite above horizon, signal-to-noise ratio, satellite transmitter power~ B.40 milliseconds~ D.628 Hz~ B.In PR Bulletin 1035C~ A.1~ B.The FCC~ B.About 2,500 miles~ C.300 ohms, / 17 degrees ~ B.The transport layer~ B.A fixed receiving station uses three beam headings to plot the signal source on a map~ B.The signal reaches peak amplitude only when voice modulated~ D.Amplitude modulated and frequency modulated~ What is a major cause of atmospheric static?~ A.When the VE spends more than 4 hours at the test session~ What type of emergency can cause a limitation on the frequencies available for RACES operation?~ A.Other amateur stations only~ B.Op-amp circuits are used as low-pass filters between transmitters and transmission lines~ What degree of selectivity is desirable in the IF circuitry of an amateur RTTY receiver?~ D.12.64 seconds~ C.47 seconds~ A.A very high impedance~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.1-microhenry inductor in series with a 30-ohm resistor, at 5 MHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular coordinates.)~ A.A circuit that produces a logic "O" at its output when the input is logic "1" and vice versa~ What is the period of an amateur satellite?~ A.That of the Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination issued by the VE Team that administered the examination~ A.The 5-WPM amateur Morse code examination~ C.The gain decreases logarithmically with increasing frequency~ What is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/2 wavelength apart and fed 180 degrees out of phase?~ D.Proper balancing of the power-supply diodes~ C.The applicant's ability to send and receive Morse code at 5 WPM~ C.Only amateurs holding General class or higher licenses may transmit on a vessel registered in the US~ What characterizes libration fading of an EME signal?~ How can alternator whine be minimized?~ C.The oscilloscope is used to display electrical signals in the time domain while the spectrum analyzer is used to display electrical signals in the frequency domain~ A.The examiner must hold an Advanced class license and be accredited by a VEC~ With which stations may an amateur station communicate?~ D.Anyone other than a United States citizen who holds a valid Amateur Radio or shortwave listeners license issued by a foreign government~ C.Suspend the VE's accreditation and report the information to the FCC~ What type of terrain can cause errors in direction finding?~ D.21.000-21.025 MHz and 21.250-21.275 MHz~ C.Single sideband incorporating speech compression at the transmitter and speech expansion at the receiver~ D.The amateur operator must have an FCC Marine or Aircraft endorsement on his or her amateur license~ D.A high level~ B.Resistance and reactance circles~ D.A high-frequency antenna, each of whose sides contains traps for changing the resonance to match the band in use~ B.The input impedance is essentially determined by the resistance between the source and drain~ B.It removes direct current from the circuit by shunting DC to ground~ A.70 pF~ C.Credit for previously completed written and telegraphy examination elements only~ C.470 seconds~ B.RMS voltage~ C.An amateur operator who administers examinations to applicants for amateur operator/primary station licenses for a fee~ C.Symbol C~ D.The oscilloscope is used for displaying audio frequencies and the spectrum analyzer is used for displaying radio frequencies~ B.A circuit that produces a logic "1" at its output only when all inputs are logic "1"~ A.Gain does not change~ A.Only during emergencies and when the Commission has authorized the non- amateur station to communicate with amateur stations~ C.450 seconds~ D.Only when the prospective VE is a not a member of the local Amateur Radio club giving the examinations~ C.By using his or her own call, followed by the letter(s) and number indicating the United States call-letter district of his or her location at the time of the contact, with the city and state nearest the location specified once during each contact~ A.221 seconds~ A.A table of logic symbols that indicate the high logic states of an op-amp~ A.A wattmeter~ B.278 Hz~ What is meant by the term op-amp offset voltage?~ C.A high-impedance ground loop~ B.A horizontal antenna added to a loop antenna to produce a cardioid reception pattern~ A.An FCC authorization to a holder of an amateur license issued by certain foreign governments to operate an amateur station in the United States and its possessions~ A.A circuit that can be switched momentarily to the opposite binary state and then returns after a set time to its original state~ A.1 year~ What are permissible communications in RACES?~ B.Satellite antennas and height, satellite receiver sensitivity~ B.High power and low power~ D.14.990 through 15.020 MHz~ C.15~ What is the purpose of a bypass capacitor?~ C.Applicants already licensed in the amateur service may not use their newly earned privileges until they receive their permanent amateur station and operator licenses~ What is a Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination?~ What is the maximum range for signals using transequatorial propagation?~ B.The receiving station checks the calculated frame check sequence (FCS) against the transmitted FCS~ A.2~ C.442 Hz~ B.RACES operations must be confined to a single frequency band if the emergency is contained within a single state~ C.It is a radio communication service using stations on earth satellites for the same purpose as those of the amateur service~ B.Replace the standard JFET mixer with a bipolar transistor followed by a capacitor of the proper value~ D.Regulated DC voltage output from the op-amp power supply~ B.It is used as a reference for antenna gain measurements~ B.A galvanometer~ A.45 Hz~ A.Symbol A~ What would be the characteristics of the ideal op-amp?~ D.Amateur Extra class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or a qualified supplier~ D.The number of standard pulses per second varies depending on the voice waveform at that instant~ C.Turn off the main circuit breaker and listen on a battery-operated radio~ B.Sporadic-E propagation~ What two factors determine the sensitivity of a receiver?~ B.51 ohms, / -25 degrees ~ D.700 to 800 ohms~ What is the schematic symbol for a P-channel dual-gate MOSFET? (Please refer to Figure 4BF-1C.4)~ C.58.0 degrees~ D.Circuit gain calculations~ A.Omnidirectional~ C.220 seconds~ C.The communications layer~ What examination elements are required for a Technician class operator license?~ What types of licenses or permits are required before an amateur operator may transmit from a vessel registered in the US?~ C.By varying the beam current~ A.45 Hz~ A.1737 through 2005 kHz~ D.3 - j30~ What is the standard video voltage level between the sync tip and the whitest white at TV camera outputs and modulator inputs?~ A.10.1 degrees~ What is the photoconductive effect?~ Under what circumstances, if any, may an organization engaged in the distribution of publications used in preparation for obtaining an amateur operator license be a VEC?~ D.0.47 seconds~ C.The written examination for the Novice class operator license~ B.3(B), 4(A) and 4(B)~ C.608 Hz~ Who must prepare Examination Element 4(B)?~ A.Op-amp circuits are used as high-pass filters to block RFI at the input to receivers~ A.The applicant must use an identifier code as a prefix to his or her present call sign, e.g., when using voice; "interim AE KA1MJP"~ D.Amateur Extra Class licensees only~ B.9.6 kHz~ A.Reduce the spurious emissions to 0 dB below the fundamental~ Why do circuits containing TTL devices have several bypass capacitors per printed circuit board?~ A.225 seconds~ What is a bistable multivibrator circuit?~ B.Disaccredit the VE~ A.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(A), 2 and 3(B)~ C.In PL 97-259~ B.Amateur stations and any other station authorized by the FCC to communicate with amateur stations~ A.0%~ How does the gain of a parabolic dish type antenna change when the operating frequency is doubled?~ C.75%~ A.Approximately 5 Hz~ A.Satellite antennas and height, satellite receiver sensitivity~ D.There are no requirements for accreditation, other than holding a General or higher class license~ D.Approximately 40 Hz~ A.Complete a brief written evaluation of the session~ B.Operation through a 70-centimeter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on 2 meters~ A.The gamma matching system~ By what date each year must a VE forward to the VEC a certification concerning expenses for which reimbursement was accepted?~ How is an Element 4(B) examination prepared?~ What should be the approximate capacitance of the resonating capacitor in a gamma matching circuit on a 1/2-wavelength dipole antenna for the 20-meter wavelength band?~ What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-hertz shift, 45-baud Baudot emission J2B transmission?~ C.RACES operations must be conducted on a VHF band if the emergency is confined to an area 25 miles or less in radius~ D.Advanced or General class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators~ How is the electron beam deflected in a vidicon?~ What is an inverting op-amp circuit?~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.1-microfarad capacitor in series with a 40-ohm resistor, at 50 kHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular coordinates.)~ D.Only during Public Service events in connection with REACT groups~ C.An FET without a channel; no current flows with zero gate voltage~ What is a depletion-mode FET?~ What is a resonant rhombic antenna?~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 300-ohm-reactance capacitor in series with a 400-ohm resistor? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)~ B.A voltage-regulated power supply with an unvarying output~ B.It requires a large area for proper installation and has a low front-to- back ratio~ B.The beamwidth increases arithmetically as the gain is increased~ What input-amplitude parameter is valuable in evaluating the signal-handling capability of a Class A amplifier?~ A.11 milliseconds~ C.By scanning even numbered lines in one field and odd numbered ones in the next~ What is the term used to describe a spread spectrum communications system where the center frequency of a conventional carrier is altered many times per second in accordance with a pseudo-random list of channels?~ C.A list of input combinations and their corresponding outputs that characterizes a digital device's function~ A.At least 30 dB below the mean power of the fundamental, and less than 25 mW~ D.The stub matching system~ D.Pulse intensity~ C.0.1 seconds~ C.Credit for successful completion of elements 4(A) and 4(B)~ C.Figure-8 broadside to the antennas~ D.Any amateur station designated by the space station licensee~ A.400 - j318~ A.No later than 24 hours following initiation of space operation~ C.Time-domain frequency modulation~ B.14.000-14.125 MHz and 14.250-14.300 MHz~ B.50.00 volts~ D.The output impedance is essentially determined by the gate supply voltage~ B.Direct sequence~ D.An electronic servo loop consisting of a phase detector, a low-pass filter and voltage-controlled oscillator~ A.34.8 degrees~ B.An amateur operator who is accredited by a VEC to administer examinations to applicants for amateur operator/primary station licenses~ B.Approximately 26 Hz~ A.31 ohms, / -15 degrees ~ Why is an RF attenuator desirable in a receiver used for direction finding?~ What type of expense records must be maintained by a VE who accepts reimbursement?~ D.191 ohms, / -85 degrees ~ C.Diode-transistor logic~ C.The conversion of electromotive energy to photon energy~ What frequency range will be tuned by the circuit in Figure 4BG-7 when L is 30 microhenrys, Cf is 200 picofarads, and Cv is 80 picofarads maximum and 10 picofarads minimum?~ C.1.0 to 1.5 volts~ C.The potential between the amplifier-input terminals of the op-amp in a closed-loop condition~ B.Geostationary and elliptical~ A.The examiners must be present and observing the candidate(s) throughout the entire examination~ A.No output level changes~ B.Two half wavelengths apart~ D.0.22 seconds~ What examination credit, if any, may be given to an applicant who holds a valid amateur operator license issued by another country?~ D.95%~ A.3508 through 4004 kHz~ D.Photographs can be transmitted using AMTOR~ How many more voice transmissions can be packed into a given frequency band for amplitude-compandored single-sideband systems over conventional FM-phone systems?~ A.Voltage and current circles~ D.Approximately 1350 seconds~ A.The audio stage~ B.Inverse peak positive voltage~ A.Reassigning resistance values with regard to the reactance axis~ A.86.5%~ A.Credit for successful completion of element 4(A)~ A.A log-periodic dipole array~ C.An antenna resonant at approximately double the frequency of the intended band of operation~ B.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(B) and 3(A)~ What exclusive frequency privileges in the 15-meter wavelength band are authorized to Amateur Extra control operators?~ What is the name for a vacuum tube that is commonly found in television cameras used for amateur television?~ A.Height, transmitter power and antennas of satellite~ Why does the received signal from a Phase III amateur satellite exhibit a fairly rapid pulsed fading effect?~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 10-millihenry inductor in series with a 600-ohm resistor, at 10 kHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular coordinates.)~ What is the bandwidth of a fast-scan television transmission?~ A.Coaxial length circles~ B.An electronic circuit also known as a monostable multivibrator~ A.A short-circuit fault in a digital-logic circuit~ What kind of impedance does a 1/8-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end?~ B.The power-supply output ripple~ C.A differential voltage amplifier~ D.The PNP collector load~ C.The omega matching system~ B.220 seconds~ C.The applicant's knowledge of Novice class theory and regulations~ A.By scanning the field from top to bottom~ What exclusive frequency privileges in the 20-meter wavelength band are authorized to Amateur Extra control operators?~ C.Sometimes in order to administer an Advanced or higher class license examination~ B.By scanning the field from bottom to top~ How does a spectrum analyzer differ from a conventional time-domain oscilloscope?~ C.The FCC~ A.Very low~ A.An exponential rate of one~ B.0.02 seconds~ A.The output impedance is essentially determined by the drain resistor~ D.The potential between the amplifier-input terminals of the op-amp in an open-loop condition~ What determines the output impedance in a FET common-source amplifier?~ D.The Amateur Auxiliary to the FCC Field Operations Bureau~ A.By connecting the radio's power leads to the battery by the longest possible path~ A.None~ C.By Extra Class Volunteer Examiners selecting questions from the appropriate FCC bulletin~ D.An Amateur Radio network providing emergency communications for transoceanic boat or aircraft races~ B.The resistance axis~ C.Baudot~ C.Restrict Q, but increase gain~ What theoretical reference antenna provides a comparison for antenna measurements?~ C.The voltage axis~ C.By adding after the call sign, when using voice, the phrase "operating temporary Technician, General, Advanced or Extra"~ D.Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas~ D.The conductivity of the material becomes temperature dependent~ D.The Volunteer Examiner must be a General class licensee accredited by a Volunteer-Examiner Coordinator~ C.It increases~ What type of problems are caused by poor dynamic range in a communications receiver?~ A.A traveling-wave tube~ Under what circumstances, if any, may a person who is an employee of a company that is engaged in the distribution of equipment used in connection with Amateur Radio transmissions be a VE?~ A.It is a radionavigation service using stations on earth satellites for the same purposes as those of the amateur service~ C.31400 + j40~ How does the input impedance of a field-effect transistor compare with that of a bipolar transistor?~ D.365 days or until issuance of the permanent operator and station license, whichever comes first~ D.200 ohms, / 10 degrees ~ B.240 ohms, / -36.9 degrees ~ D.Other amateur stations and stations in the Aviation or Private Land Mobile Radio Services~ How many bits of information can be stored in a single flip-flop circuit?~ A.Wideband AF and RF power amplification~ A.A unidirectional antenna, each of whose sides is equal to half a wavelength and which is terminated in a resistance equal to its characteristic impedance~ What degree of selectivity is desirable in the IF circuitry of an FM-phone receiver?~ A.Transequatorial propagation~ What kind of impedance does a 1/2-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end?~ D.A time-domain reflectometer~ A.Hold an Advanced class license or higher; be at least 18 years old; not have any conflict of interest; and never had his or her amateur license suspended or revoked~ What is the purpose of a prescaler circuit?~ D.Only those frequencies approved by the International Amateur Radio Union, unless the FCC specifies otherwise~ B.Good front-to-back and front-to-side ratios~ C.4~ A.50 to 55 ohms~ What kind of impedance does a 1/4-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end?~ D.By connecting the radio's power leads directly to the battery and by installing coaxial capacitors in the alternator leads~ B.A diagram showing logic states when the digital device's output is true~ A.7000-7025 kHz~ D.Meteor showers~ Who must prepare Examination Element 3(A)?~ Under what circumstances, if any, may a person who owns a significant interest in a company that is engaged in the preparation of publications used in preparation for obtaining an amateur operator license be a VE?~ D.The returning echo is several hertz lower in frequency than the transmitted signal~ D.Spread spectrum~ B.By using a preselector~ C.A circuit that produces a logic "0" at its output if any or all inputs are logic "1"~ C.Bobtail curtain~ D.High and low logic states in a digital-logic circuit~ D.The same as the output impedance of the generator~ What is an accredited Volunteer Examiner?~ B.Stack two Yagis, fed in phase, to form an array with the respective elements in parallel planes~ D.The use of three vertical antennas to indicate the location of the signal source~ A.500 miles maximum, if the moon is at perigee~ A.1:1~ D.In portions of antenna electrical frequency~ B.6.4 degrees~ What level of input voltage is low in a TTL device operating with a 5-volt power supply?~ D.The distance between the satellite and ground station is changing, causing the Doppler effect~ D.4:1~ B.Cardioid unidirectional~ What is a loop antenna?~ A.-141 dBm~ What is the type of modulation in which the modulating signal varies the duration of the transmitted pulse?~ A.Synchronization of the horizontal and vertical sync-pulses~ B.Blocking dynamic range~ A.Apply shielding and filtering where necessary~ A.N-channel and P-channel~ A.The 5-WPM amateur Morse code examination~ C.Op-amp circuits are used as filters for smoothing power-supply output~ What term describes an unbalanced feed system in which the driven element is fed both at the center of that element and a fraction of a wavelength to one side of center?~ C.An amplitude modulated helium-neon laser~ C.368 seconds~ C.440 Hz~ B.63.2%~ B.Install them between the starter solenoid and the starter motor~ D.Omnidirectional~ D.Only if the employee is an Extra Class licensee~ B.Reactance and voltage~ Under what circumstances, if any, may a person be compensated for services as a VE?~ C.It prevents oscillation in a low frequency counter circuit~ B.Turning off the scanning beam while it is traveling from right to left and from bottom to top~ D.470 seconds~ How are the wavelength scales on a Smith Chart calibrated?~ A.In order to point the antenna above the horizon to avoid terrestrial interference~ D.The input impedance to the detector~ What is the schematic symbol for an N-channel junction FET? (Please refer to Figure 4BF-1E.1)~ C.442 Hz~ A.Wide frequency range, high gain and high front-to-back ratio~ C.Figure-8 broadside to the antennas~ D.Be engaged in a business related to Amateur Radio; and agree to administer amateur license examinations in accordance with FCC Rules throughout at least one call-letter district~ What is one major advantage of CMOS over other devices?~ B.Observe the AC waveform on an oscilloscope~ What can the FCC require the licensee to do if any spurious emission from an amateur station causes harmful interference to the reception of another radio station?~ What piece of test equipment besides an oscilloscope can be used to indicate pulse conditions in a digital-logic circuit?~ A.A circuit that alternates between two stable states~ B.Length of transmission line and impedance match between receiver and transmission line~ D.-0.8 to 0.4 volts~ B.Reception of single sideband with a conventional FM receiver~ A.Resistance and voltage~ D.In the appropriate FCC Report and Order~ B.The examiner must hold an Extra Class license and be accredited by a VEC~ D.Amateur Extra class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or a qualified supplier~ D.At least 60 dB below mean power of the fundamental~ A.A binary sequential logic element with one stable state~ C.70%~ C.Be an organization that exists for the purpose of furthering the amateur service; be, at the most, county-wide in scope; and agree to coordinate examinations for all classes of amateur operator licenses~ What is the necessary bandwidth for a 170-hertz shift, 300-baud ASCII emission J2D transmission?~ What frequencies are normally available for RACES operation?~ C.28 - 148 MHz~ What is the third family of circles which are added to a Smith Chart during the process of solving problems?~ A.The time required to charge the capacitor in the circuit to 36.8% of the supply voltage~ C.Cross-modulation distortion~ D.A codestore device used to record messages~ B.Path loss, earth antenna gain, signal-to-noise ratio~ B.A spectrum analyzer~ C.The gate-protective Zener diode keeps the gate voltage within specifications to prevent the device from overheating~ D.20~ A.Symbol A~ B.By connecting the radio's power leads to the battery by the longest possible path and by installing a blocking capacitor in series with the positive lead~ D.The decreased conductivity of an illuminated semiconductor junction~ D.A horizontal triangular antenna consisting of two adjacent sides and the long diagonal of a resonant rhombic antenna~ D.49.998 through 54.101 MHz~ D.The same as the input impedance to the final generator stage~ C.31 milliseconds~ B.An isotropic antenna~ What type of directivity pattern does an isotropic radiator have?~ C.The same as the characteristic impedance of the line~ What is a noninverting op-amp circuit?~ A.It has a bidirectional pattern broadside to the loop~ In a pulse-width modulation system, what parameter does the modulating signal vary?~ A.Symbol A~ B.ASCII characters contain fewer information bits than Baudot characters~ D.FSK RTTY~ A.Approximately 13 Hz~ B.A binary sequential logic element with eight stable states~ C.220.0 seconds~ What is the best time of day for transequatorial propagation?~ What is meant by the dynamic range of a communications receiver?~ A.Omnidirectional~ B.Any amateur operator/primary station license or reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee issued by the FCC~ D.Open inputs on a TTL device are ignored~ D.188 - j200~ D.Gate, drain, source~ A.A circularly polarized antenna~ What examination credit must be given to an applicant who holds a valid Advanced class operator license?~ B.Smooth grassy terrain~ D.1000 ohms~ A.304 Hz~ C.7025-7050 kHz~ D.Symbol D~ How can the output voltage of a loop antenna be increased?~ C.Operation through a 2-meter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on 10 meters~ C.Any FCC licensed amateur station or a station in the Disaster Communications Service~ B.2~ B.300 Hz~ B.In the northern hemisphere, an antenna whose directive pattern is constant in southern directions~ D.The time at which each pulse occurs~ B.Because of ionospheric absorption~ Which amateur stations may be operated in RACES?~ C.By using an additional RF amplifier stage~ What is the duration of a 45-baud Baudot RTTY data pulse?~ What is the limiting condition for sensitivity in a communications receiver?~ A.ACSSB~ How can ferrite beads be used to suppress ignition noise?~ B.A unidirectional cardioid~ D.4~ A.It permits rapid tuning of a mobile receiver~ C.Repeater station~ B.Advanced class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or Volunteer- Examiner Coordinators~ A.It converts the output of a JK flip-flop to that of an RS flip-flop~ B.SSB voice~ A.3525-3775 kHz~ C.Approximately 20 Hz~ C.A transmitting system using an unmodulated carrier~ C.By Extra Class Volunteer Examiners selecting questions from the appropriate FCC bulletin~ A.A logic probe has fewer leads to connect to a circuit than a voltmeter~ What factors determine the receiving antenna gain required at an amateur station in earth operation?~ A.Beam headings and radiation patterns~ D.Suspend the VE's accreditation for 6 months~ C.The written examination for the Technician class operator license~ How long does it take for an initial charge of 800 V DC to decrease to 294 V DC in a 450-microfarad capacitor when a 1-megohm resistor is connected across it?~ A.By varying the beam voltage~ What is a NOR gate?~ Which amateur stations are eligible to be telecommand stations?~ B.Always in order to administer a Novice or higher class license examination~ A.240 ohms, / 36.9 degrees ~ D.Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas~ C.Return all test papers to the VEC~ A.Any amateur licensee~ B.An FET that has a channel that blocks current when the gate voltage is zero~ D.Immediately terminate the examination and report the violation to federal law enforcement officials~ D.Operation through a 10-meter receiver on a satellite that retransmits on 70 centimeters~ A.Under no circumstances~ C.An FET without a channel to hinder current through the gate~ A.Approximately 13 Hz~ C.0.5 kHz~ D.The resistance of the solid~ D.Any licensed amateur station other than a station licensed to a Novice, providing the station is certified by the responsible civil defense organization~ C.A vertical antenna added to an Adcock antenna to produce an omnidirectional reception pattern~ B.About 6.0 dB~ B.249 Hz~ B.Antenna length circles~ B.The gain decreases linearly with increasing frequency~ C.Only if the employee has no financial interest in the company~ What is an optoisolator?~ A.Output-offset overshoot~ A.Any licensee except Novice~ D.Telecommand operation~ A.1 kHz~ What action must a VEC take against a VE who accepts reimbursement and fails to provide the annual expense certification?~ C.The omega matching system~ C.An isotropic antenna~ What is Examination Element 2?~ D.7.98 seconds~ C.Good top-to-bottom and front-to-side ratios~ B.Both the frequency and amplitude of the pulses~ D.A time-domain reflectometer~ B.Persons being between 18 and 21 years of age~ D.An FCC staff member who tests volunteers who want to administer Amateur Radio examinations~ B.0.6 seconds~ B.An inductive reactance~ C.Photovoltaic conversion, optical coupling~ B.-148 dBm~ D.Under no circumstances~ B.It replaces the suppressed carrier at the receiver~ B.The examiner must hold an Extra Class license and be accredited by a VEC~ D.Approximately 104 Hz~ C.Equipment with very low gain~ C.The same as the characteristic impedance of the transmission line~ C.Average voltage~ A.Data transmission~ C.Symbol C~ C.Symbol C~ What is the term for the ratio between the largest tolerable receiver input signal and the minimum discernible signal?~ C.Preamplifier location on transmission line and presence or absence of RF amplifier stages~ C.The specific gravity of the solid~ B.Voltage~ B.400 ohms, / 27 degrees ~ D.225 seconds~ B.At least 40 dB below the mean power of the fundamental, and less than 50 mW~ D.Terrain with no buildings or mountains~ C.The written examination for the Advanced class operator license~ B.4000 ohms, / 38.5 degrees ~ B.10~ A.3 kHz~ D.A clock~ D.A time factor of one~ C.161 ohms, / 55 degrees ~ B.Approximately 26 Hz~ D.An array of optocouplers whose propagation velocity is controlled by a rotating wheel~ C.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(B), 2, 3(A) and 4(A)~ C.Persons who have ever had their amateur licenses suspended or revoked~ What frequency range will be tuned by the circuit in Figure 4BG-7 when L is 10 microhenrys, Cf is 156 picofarads, and Cv is 50 picofarads maximum and 2 picofarads minimum?~ What advantage does a logic probe have over a voltmeter for monitoring logic states in a circuit?~ B.2~ C.Symbol C~ B.A document required for already licensed applicants operating with privileges of an amateur operator class higher than that of their permanent amateur operator licenses~ D.October 15 following the year for which the reimbursement was accepted~ B.An oscillator often used in aircraft to determine the craft's location relative to the inner and outer markers at airports~ C.An amateur operator who administers examinations to applicants for amateur operator/primary station licenses for a fee~ C.4.2 kHz~ D.The same as the input impedance to the final generator stage~ D.Transmitting a black and white test pattern~ D.Frequency~ A.Credit for successful completion of any elements that may be identical to those required for U.S. licensees~ D.A pass from south to north~ A.Restrict both gain and Q~ C.Telemetry~ B.4~ B.314 Hz~ D.Isotropic radiator~ A.A repeater that passes only linear or CW signals~ A.6~ D.By the FCC selecting questions from the appropriate VEC question pool~ What are the three terminals of a field-effect transistor?~ A.200 ohms, / -10 degrees ~ D.Symbol D~ B.40 - j31400~ A.Suspend the VE's accreditation for 1 year~ A.The gamma matching system~ C.10~ A.Morning~ D.All frequencies available to the amateur service~ A.470 seconds~ D.A variable frequency oscillator~ A.0%~ What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-hertz shift, 300-baud ASCII emission F1D transmission?~ How far apart should two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas be spaced in order to produce a figure-8 pattern that is broadside to the plane of the verticals when fed in phase?~ What are the two basic types of junction field-effect transistors?~ D.Advanced or General class licensees serving as Volunteer Examiners, or Volunteer-Examiner Coordinators~ A.Within 10 days~ B.Cardioid unidirectional~ B.To provide emergency communications for transoceanic boat or aircraft races~ C.Only when the club is at least regional in scope~ D.Credit for previously completed commercial examination elements only~ B. 81 ohms, / 55 degrees ~ D.Up to $50 if the VE spends more than 4 hours at the test session~ What should be the approximate capacitance of the resonating capacitor in a gamma matching circuit on a 1/2-wavelength dipole antenna for the 10-meter wavelength band?~ C.The time required for the current in the circuit to build up to 63.2% of the maximum value~ B.The applicant's knowledge of General class theory and regulations~ A.A US Citizen is not eligible to obtain a Reciprocal Operating Permit for use in the United States~ C.A logic probe~ D.Emitter-coupled logic~ A.250 Hz~ C.Because of the satellite's low orbital altitude~ B.An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and output signals are in phase~ C.The written examination for the Technician class operator license~ What kind of impedance does a 3/8-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end?~ What is Examination Element 4(B)?~ What digital code consists of elements having unequal length?~ C.Resistance and reactance~ What is Mode B in an amateur satellite?~ B.A bidirectional antenna open at the end opposite that to which the transmission line is connected and with each side approximately equal to one wavelength~ What is the name for a type of propagation in which radio signals travel along the terminator, which separates daylight from darkness?~ A.Credit for successful completion of elements 1(A) and 2~ B.5 MHz~ B.294 seconds~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-picofarad capacitor in parallel with a 4000-ohm resistor, at 500 kHz? (Specify your answer in polar coordinates.)~ A.In portions of transmission line electrical frequency~ C.Gain increases 6 dB~ D.Permission to operate on the 237-MHz civil defense band~ How long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 0.13 V DC in a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2-megohm resistor is connected across it?~ How can conducted and radiated noise caused by an automobile alternator be suppressed?~ What is the schematic symbol for a NOR gate? (Please refer to Figure 4BG- 1C.8)~ A.The level of noise entering the receiver from the antenna~ C.Anyone who holds a valid amateur operator/primary station license issued by a foreign government with which the United States has a reciprocal operating agreement~ How many 1/2 wavelengths apart should two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas be spaced to produce a figure-8 pattern that is in line with the vertical antennas when they are fed 180 degrees out of phase?~ What is the schematic symbol for a P-channel MOSFET? (Please refer to Figure 4BF-1C.2)~ B.Thunderstorms~ What is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.1-microhenry inductor in series with a 20-ohm resistor, at 30 MHz? (Specify your answer in rectangular coordinates.)~ What kind of impedance does a 1/8-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end?~ A.A resistor and a capacitor~ C.ARRL~ D.Detecting and demodulating a single-sideband signal by converting it to a pulse-modulated signal~ B.1/4 wavelength~ C.Forfeit the station license and pay a fine~ C.Remove AGC action from the IF stage and confine it to the audio stage only~ C.No later than 7 days following initiation of space operation~ "4BA-1A.1 ","B",0,95445,126469,9774,67783,81921 "4BA-1A.2 ","A",0,70251,71147,50280,84727,53277 "4BA-1A.3 ","A",0,10216,119052,65502,125508,16907 "4BA-1A.4 ","D",0,115392,52105,112206,22794,6928 "4BA-1A.5 ","C",0,114230,80104,17875,42707,103565 "4BA-1B.1 ","A",0,69558,41076,21985,72259,59336 "4BA-1B.2 ","B",0,81300,111765,130000,18625,20363 "4BA-1B.3 ","D",0,53074,68861,56880,55206,122995 "4BA-1B.4 ","D",0,122155,108776,96713,136256,38554 "4BA-1C.1 ","B",0,26532,101758,25828,10251,117835 "4BA-1C.2 ","B",0,103249,77092,109340,47731,95627 "4BA-1C.3 ","A",0,93669,104770,23266,40356,110777 "4BA-1D.1 ","B",0,38300,55197,73091,19254,62008 "4BA-1E.1 ","A",0,29513,18414,33320,79681,103926 "4BA-1E.2 ","B",0,107789,57409,125531,103399,80874 "4BA-2A.1 ","A",0,91136,105642,10507,56519,43753 "4BA-2B.1 ","B",0,99874,73576,44775,135715,103565 "4BA-2B.2 ","A",0,90027,133407,23170,18447,93028 "4BA-2C.1 ","C",0,26036,48499,42757,65369,118915 "4BA-2D.1 ","C",0,11123,75200,37013,105806,85564 "4BA-3A.1 ","B",0,11607,21590,97668,10720,116724 "4BA-3B.1 ","A",0,69858,16341,133251,50324,93758 "4BA-3C.1 ","C",0,35706,33378,100281,95348,116519 "4BA-3D.1 ","D",0,34180,49428,48845,37168,55722 "4BA-3E.1 ","A",0,89862,116569,55355,29180,134991 "4BA-3F.1 ","D",0,123541,48118,39576,89835,132436 "4BA-3G.1 ","A",0,101792,7451,107321,111356,44159 "4BA-3H.1 ","C",0,126170,52749,11367,61601,128564 "4BA-3H.2 ","A",0,101011,37072,60440,127013,16345 "4BA-3I.1 ","C",0,106020,42331,35054,53147,64603 "4BA-4A.1 ","C",0,48144,117728,93275,108007,9911 "4BA-4B.1 ","A",0,46401,8811,27125,100344,54240 "4BA-4C-1.1 ","B",0,87028,30099,71546,71639,27852 "4BA-4C-2.1 ","D",0,127578,10168,97155,18619,112670 "4BA-4D-1.1 ","C",0,98305,129995,27398,133192,129248 "4BA-4E-1.1 ","D",0,68784,8861,17152,50900,33931 "4BA-4E-2.1 ","D",0,88265,129047,24225,64163,109417 "4BA-4E-4.1 ","D",0,65057,54694,29232,33625,13105 "4BA-4E-4.2 ","C",0,79957,112637,15165,137913,46707 "4BA-4E-4.3 ","D",0,60997,21660,41034,24674,83763 "4BA-4F-1.1 ","A",0,8056,16763,18630,128304,66543 "4BA-4F-2.1 ","A",0,100499,128177,46400,10685,14519 "4BA-5A.1 ","C",0,99483,82867,63531,60956,63616 "4BA-5B.1 ","B",0,57874,66752,96713,125150,122767 "4BA-5C.1 ","A",0,13681,61996,48403,68889,44158 "4BA-5C.2 ","A",0,65556,15365,102741,111248,123657 "4BA-5C.3 ","A",0,45230,35972,53898,118516,96658 "4BA-5C.4 ","A",0,82084,62388,93785,18737,20162 "4BA-5C.5 ","A",0,86353,63842,60008,10382,132675 "4BA-5C.6 ","A",0,110251,38794,55717,129065,25788 "4BA-5D.1 ","B",0,71344,56381,59809,39880,65962 "4BA-5E.1 ","A",0,33796,128651,11788,88080,88525 "4BA-5E.2 ","A",0,20233,26835,28568,135207,105925 "4BA-5F.1 ","D",0,30912,93348,20091,27599,84942 "4BA-5F.2 ","B",0,117619,21841,80706,131068,122276 "4BA-5F.3 ","A",0,119705,79390,86729,68266,13653 "4BA-5F.4 ","D",0,108642,40276,55469,75561,58225 "4BA-5G.1 ","A",0,13309,18497,21407,138625,24320 "4BA-5G.2 ","B",0,129140,132752,111010,106296,128214 "4BA-5G.3 ","A",0,113304,10147,13004,19310,35256 "4BA-5G.4 ","C",0,49160,106710,21255,30011,33029 "4BA-5G.5 ","B",0,110254,81197,53303,41206,132222 "4BA-5G.6 ","A",0,39254,91636,85694,49494,101612 "4BA-6A.1 ","B",0,120367,71480,16972,107414,130361 "4BA-6A.2 ","B",0,18256,68927,114752,134286,66306 "4BA-6B.1 ","B",0,42926,98409,43770,87752,118281 "4BA-6B.2 ","B",0,68278,71752,131634,12070,92220 "4BA-6B.3 ","B",0,10808,13947,125145,103781,97317 "4BA-6B.4 ","B",0,24694,104214,34177,77654,74418 "4BA-6B.5 ","A",0,11418,55683,129834,119000,45433 "4BA-6C.1 ","D",0,91432,27889,67836,79496,67984 "4BA-6C.2 ","A",0,36576,119491,59098,56490,110912 "4BA-6C.3 ","C",0,32146,44222,131527,133946,73164 "4BA-6D.1 ","D",0,121915,102686,84640,21385,130789 "4BA-6D.2 ","A",0,99051,66395,77113,29146,134413 "4BA-7A-1.1 ","A",0,11682,38537,61101,119070,65575 "4BA-7A-1.2 ","D",0,84674,25169,135860,106493,84129 "4BA-7A-1.3 ","A",0,77899,28447,43742,76505,76851 "4BA-7A-1.4 ","C",0,129540,121897,39931,112195,99356 "4BA-7A-1.5 ","C",0,31900,42663,11314,130957,16790 "4BA-7A-1.6 ","D",0,56918,103684,62637,137508,31444 "4BA-7A-1.7 ","C",0,37982,53361,68642,134033,41381 "4BA-7A-1.8 ","D",0,134530,65775,46088,89743,36284 "4BA-7A-2.1 ","A",0,11667,64863,129356,119930,91336 "4BA-7A-2.2 ","D",0,35277,44414,90764,100456,108865 "4BA-7A-2.3 ","A",0,119990,95313,73888,29928,112106 "4BA-7A-2.4 ","A",0,100719,79327,25439,30073,134297 "4BA-7A-2.5 ","D",0,26582,8382,43497,64561,72074 "4BA-7A-2.6 ","D",0,109286,46524,19804,93883,124767 "4BA-7B.1 ","D",0,46632,18415,111576,95909,85048 "4BA-7B.2 ","D",0,74630,9711,83410,40164,96812 "4BA-7B.3 ","A",0,68310,37515,21470,53524,87196 "4BA-7B.4 ","C",0,108564,76225,53339,26118,80084 "4BA-7C.1 ","A",0,15517,135679,117564,55004,84942 "4BA-7C.2 ","B",0,47200,26749,89165,72182,34081 "4BA-7C.3 ","B",0,38867,110502,72854,135047,35564 "4BA-7C.4 ","D",0,24376,33683,103413,50636,60899 "4BA-7C.5 ","C",0,126314,115590,76830,104883,70479 "4BA-7C.6 ","B",0,114442,132951,73037,62317,101352 "4BA-7C.7 ","A",0,79356,65226,24125,116858,13382 "4BA-7C.8 ","C",0,58879,64552,77157,65256,81260 "4BA-7C.9 ","C",0,52445,14606,71725,109234,134931 "4BA-7D.1 ","D",0,30392,55879,77862,55298,78741 "4BA-7D.2 ","A",0,100749,114939,22966,90206,73316 "4BA-7D.3 ","C",0,48271,93786,104955,33105,31601 "4BA-7D.4 ","B",0,52294,23906,35112,81547,130001 "4BA-7D.5 ","B",0,87720,111208,18983,132848,26631 "4BA-7E.1 ","C",0,14573,23795,32104,48331,41812 "4BA-7E.2 ","B",0,82633,82626,23809,98716,37662 "4BA-7E.3 ","A",0,98831,32412,58383,12697,52981 "4BA-7E.4 ","D",0,45811,17237,35137,74889,20301 "4BA-7E.5 ","A",0,79777,134314,89041,49615,97562 "4BA-7E.6 ","B",0,36576,64802,91645,19443,34735 "4BA-7F.1 ","A",0,51842,104120,13934,111689,74163 "4BA-7F.2 ","B",0,107352,18498,134862,25903,9850 "4BA-7F.3 ","D",0,89311,87938,50669,62038,120109 "4BA-7F.4 ","B",0,43219,110425,18539,122461,65055 "4BB-1A.1 ","C",0,41797,65627,99357,34845,71939 "4BB-1A.2 ","A",0,55296,98475,43776,21846,134112 "4BB-1A.3 ","C",0,103462,89552,63034,34144,14661 "4BB-1B.1 ","D",0,72725,14635,20214,40171,59844 "4BB-1B.2 ","B",0,135088,24091,113938,33753,126366 "4BB-1B.3 ","B",0,31601,84743,81344,131720,37646 "4BB-1B.4 ","B",0,16206,48773,58216,47757,130520 "4BB-1C.1 ","B",0,37209,133620,42266,22442,103294 "4BB-1C.2 ","A",0,94203,77632,117780,28892,104225 "4BB-1D.1 ","D",0,61248,51482,64173,23438,123016 "4BB-1D.2 ","A",0,115873,13508,130534,139753,17714 "4BB-1D.3 ","B",0,100070,72389,72253,135185,26789 "4BB-2A.1 ","A",0,44150,23092,53577,86364,49356 "4BB-2A.2 ","C",0,97140,92386,36629,74789,76712 "4BB-2A.3 ","C",0,32583,117541,120414,117930,61551 "4BB-2A.4 ","B",0,23390,122647,126146,106976,134259 "4BB-2A.5 ","A",0,109304,9072,56503,17426,38221 "4BB-2A.6 ","D",0,116236,132288,69890,82309,100056 "4BB-2A.7 ","C",0,24633,111368,16998,76504,93272 "4BB-2A.8 ","B",0,24442,31133,61306,129885,47302 "4BB-2A.9 ","C",0,94649,134295,86164,116169,62653 "4BC-1.1 ","D",0,91225,122251,28613,19151,66123 "4BC-1.2 ","B",0,104320,67127,45382,50189,122515 "4BC-1.3 ","A",0,102020,65246,33769,49840,88537 "4BC-1.4 ","D",0,30273,66064,78815,136485,33460 "4BC-1.5 ","B",0,96036,43996,79063,133753,25650 "4BC-2.1 ","B",0,82376,70124,23754,81199,100835 "4BC-2.2 ","C",0,41023,92740,28539,130673,45896 "4BC-3.1 ","A",0,53224,23548,29461,58209,42089 "4BC-3.2 ","C",0,107769,18529,106521,38896,14157 "4BC-3.3 ","C",0,126479,134348,102627,16140,72286 "4BC-4.1 ","C",0,48143,120606,112678,29228,102744 "4BC-5.1 ","D",0,135599,38142,66218,23756,12209 "4BD-1A.1 ","C",0,117262,23203,14371,110538,107788 "4BD-1A.2 ","D",0,41723,10326,135307,63244,134744 "4BD-1A.3 ","A",0,49085,31125,73117,88857,25287 "4BD-1B.1 ","A",0,90103,14936,79925,96202,132350 "4BD-1B.2 ","B",0,98722,107804,129385,78931,121794 "4BD-2A.1 ","D",0,132229,129295,96062,29099,20333 "4BD-2A.2 ","C",0,30668,32569,57637,141177,104199 "4BD-2A.3 ","D",0,84341,117589,39653,113271,123174 "4BD-2B.1 ","A",0,123973,62530,112680,49713,89593 "4BD-3A.1 ","A",0,65476,96962,57004,22333,53610 "4BD-3A.2 ","A",0,89508,123213,66821,21260,79728 "4BD-3A.3 ","C",0,127890,93229,126903,23316,31343 "4BD-3A.4 ","D",0,47319,10299,88466,51936,102142 "4BD-3B.1 ","B",0,104640,118845,71004,95176,96789 "4BD-3B.2 ","D",0,136467,42710,129920,52358,122586 "4BD-3C.1 ","B",0,103213,81059,141470,24484,122831 "4BD-3D.1 ","C",0,96736,64922,128162,115591,59291 "4BD-4.1 ","A",0,34142,127351,55038,29467,34690 "4BD-4.2 ","B",0,14029,35668,124831,137300,11637 "4BD-4.3 ","C",0,72749,100990,107448,58734,123706 "4BD-4.4 ","D",0,114447,44781,82731,27552,53609 "4BD-4.5 ","A",0,79176,80941,111624,136823,54886 "4BD-4.6 ","D",0,86478,116918,130685,77102,57570 "4BD-4.7 ","C",0,122156,128153,88015,106052,22458 "4BD-4.8 ","D",0,127351,16861,40689,24479,46604 "4BD-4.9 ","B",0,10424,35428,92579,45114,69749 "4BD-4.10 ","C",0,105347,71357,131867,79700,133907 "4BE-1.1 ","B",0,109935,89267,77107,121826,128083 "4BE-1.2 ","A",0,10027,98376,61388,46205,120813 "4BE-1.3 ","D",0,14980,58090,46300,91579,31080 "4BE-1.4 ","C",0,38807,78118,49207,126074,44817 "4BE-1.5 ","D",0,16818,138764,103829,130095,30739 "4BE-1.6 ","A",0,130382,14166,44271,28245,102804 "4BE-1.7 ","B",0,46784,30436,55909,23446,134320 "4BE-1.8 ","D",0,26538,71225,89848,139066,132143 "4BE-2A.1 ","D",0,66289,126603,22119,32662,35011 "4BE-2A.2 ","C",0,71199,20594,94287,142438,53759 "4BE-2A.3 ","B",0,82486,118901,104664,95409,134333 "4BE-2A.4 ","A",0,29275,48202,41061,47933,82307 "4BE-2A.5 ","D",0,42828,92672,34696,30071,78270 "4BE-2A.6 ","D",0,55726,70684,68548,81155,33279 "4BE-2B.1 ","C",0,36239,20789,128003,51569,117892 "4BE-2B.2 ","D",0,60532,117195,61561,96645,34010 "4BE-2B.3 ","C",0,28960,11174,89928,111684,84851 "4BE-2B.4 ","A",0,69329,16479,33518,83938,117809 "4BE-2B.5 ","B",0,85382,135229,97006,36925,30155 "4BE-2B.6 ","B",0,77695,85685,23538,72367,112708 "4BE-2B.7 ","C",0,43842,103195,74317,19932,41777 "4BE-2B.8 ","C",0,22708,19899,102911,117605,34867 "4BE-2B.9 ","B",0,28354,93206,46099,134993,35590 "4BE-2B.10 ","D",0,14653,88486,19838,27045,125961 "4BE-2B.11 ","A",0,91695,108509,83931,114420,34198 "4BE-2B.12 ","A",0,79973,91122,122703,30355,77332 "4BE-2B.13 ","B",0,65419,43577,123264,45414,133384 "4BE-2B.14 ","A",0,100011,97746,43140,40304,106515 "4BE-2B.15 ","D",0,96819,98210,54886,59121,56894 "4BE-2B.16 ","A",0,35873,20330,136630,50392,34674 "4BE-2B.17 ","C",0,136776,42534,54977,122350,71031 "4BE-2B.18 ","D",0,129286,58130,141864,131517,62753 "4BE-2B.19 ","D",0,25869,112357,63190,106785,101791 "4BE-2B.20 ","A",0,33782,72367,96430,115423,134592 "4BE-2B.21 ","D",0,64807,12261,63815,32411,118631 "4BE-2B.22 ","C",0,15564,39359,44759,70789,84384 "4BE-3.1 ","A",0,94765,59312,36709,37859,58171 "4BE-3.2 ","B",0,64252,117384,111666,53858,43623 "4BE-3.3 ","C",0,78472,130494,21641,26131,112402 "4BE-3.4 ","C",0,58482,126267,129078,144744,65510 "4BE-3.5 ","B",0,55857,94248,124398,127591,103478 "4BE-3.6 ","C",0,80585,117569,100386,38168,23414 "4BE-3.7 ","D",0,41529,39155,40091,57300,13184 "4BE-3.8 ","C",0,125766,118566,136369,31526,45624 "4BE-3.9 ","B",0,123808,138114,57784,81435,125045 "4BE-4.1 ","A",0,137825,81108,83129,39265,89662 "4BE-4.2 ","B",0,104335,102800,90620,102782,112958 "4BE-4.3 ","A",0,21159,29019,140038,128768,74708 "4BE-4.4 ","D",0,136659,63015,138295,30522,96944 "4BE-4.5 ","A",0,92474,115818,41924,97933,65027 "4BE-5.1 ","B",0,40908,45021,49689,141634,78952 "4BE-5.2 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