The Unsorted BBS Collection

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What is the scan rate commonly used for amateur slow-scan television?~ A.In the same direction as the current~ A.A net frequency~ What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through the circuit in Figure 4AE-6, when Xc is 50 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and Xl is 75 ohms?~ A.51.00-52.00 MHz~ C.An automatic bandswitching circuit~ B.The transmission of pictures for permanent display on paper~ A.In conjunction with a grid-dip meter~ D.The resistivity of the conductor dissipates the field~ C.Unijunction transistor~ C.Output is present for the entire input signal cycle~ D.76 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ B.60~ D.Minimum voltage and minimum current~ C.80 meters~ What is the Q of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-3 when the resonant frequency is 7.125 MHz, the inductance is 10.1 microhenrys and the resistance is 100 ohms?~ C.The loudest signal received is the only demodulated signal~ D.1.414 and 0.707 times the input frequency~ D.Automatic retransmission~ D.35.4 MHz~ C.As close to the transmitter as possible~ A.1270-1300 MHz~ D.A minimum of 24 correct answers~ What type of semiconductor diode varies its internal capacitance as the voltage applied to its terminals varies?~ C.31.4 kHz~ What is the purpose of C1 in the circuit shown in Figure 4AG-12?~ Which type of oscillator circuit is commonly used in a VFO?~ D.14 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ A.7692 ohms~ D.Environmental Protection Agency and National Aeronautics and Space Administration~ B.Any Technician, General, Advanced or Amateur Extra class operator~ What frequencies are authorized for radio remote control of a station in repeater operation?~ What is the range of voltage ratings available in Zener diodes?~ B.Varactor diode~ B.1.2 volts to 7 volts~ To obtain the best temperature stability, what should be the operating voltage of the reference diode in a linear voltage regulator?~ What value capacitor would be required to tune a 2-microhenry inductor to resonate in the 20-meter wavelength band?~ C.Class C~ C.Zero bias~ A.92.8 kHz~ D.The receiver bandwidth determines the selective fading effect~ What is the effective radiated power of a station in repeater operation with 100 watts transmitter power output, 5 dB feedline loss, 4 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 10 dB antenna gain?~ Why should the RF amplifier stage of a receiver only have sufficient gain to allow weak signals to overcome noise generated in the first mixer stage?~ D.The phenomenon where thermal effects on the surface of the conductor decrease the impedance~ D.331 volts~ What is a three-terminal regulator?~ A.Any amateur operator~ What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit which has a resonant frequency of 14.25 MHz and a Q of 187?~ Under what circumstances, if any, may a person whose amateur station license or amateur operator license has ever been revoked or suspended be a volunteer examiner?~ D.0.10~ C.17 kHz~ A.They are very broad banded~ A.Alternating currents in the core of an electromagnet~ A.Capacitance~ How does the modulation index of a phase-modulated emission vary with the modulated frequency?~ B.When out-of-pocket expenses exceed $25~ C.A circuit that acts as a variable inductance or capacitance to produce FM signals~ C.It can measure transmitter output power accurately~ C.14.1 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ What is the meaning of the term alpha cutoff frequency with regard to bipolar transistors?~ B.Wire control~ Which telegraphy characters are used in an Element 1(A) telegraphy examination?~ A.Emergency communications only~ C.Dynamic response~ A.Square wave~ B.23.7 kHz~ A.Just below the saturation point~ What is the schematic symbol for an NPN transistor? (Please refer to Figure 4AF-2.2)~ D.Squelch gain rollback~ C.Amateur stations in space satellite operation~ B.17.8 kHz~ D.Strong field~ On which amateur frequency band is the extended distant propagation effect of sporadic-E most often observed?~ D.The amplitude of the signals passing through the filter~ A.Transmission line length and height of antenna~ What is the Q of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-3 when the resonant frequency is 3.625 MHz, the inductance is 43 microhenrys and the resistance is 1,800 ohms?~ How is a frequency-marker generator used?~ How can a double-sideband phone signal be produced?~ B.By improving the accuracy of the frequency response~ C.31.5 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ B.Inductive, capacitive and resistive~ A.The repeater is actuated by a received electrical signal~ B.Squelch gain adjusted too high~ A.Amateur communications conducted from a specific geographical location other than that shown on the station license~ B.Kinetic energy is gained by the radio wave~ A.0.00735~ C.19.9 MHz~ What is the Q of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-3 when the resonant frequency is 14.225 MHz, the inductance is 3.5 microhenrys and the resistance is 10,000 ohms?~ B.Cross-modulation interference~ B.Fixed bias~ C.Power from a transmitter cancels feedback current~ B.Zener diodes~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-1 when L is 3 microhenrys and C is 40 picofarads?~ D.The VE's amateur station license may be revoked and the operator's license suspended~ D.180~ What is the purpose of R2 in the circuit shown in Figure 4AG-12?~ Where is the noise generated which primarily determines the signal-to-noise ratio in a 2-meter wavelength band receiver?~ B.Alpha cutoff frequency~ B.Sensing is accomplished by wireless inductive loops~ D.Modulation ratio~ A.2 microhenrys~ D.Symbol D~ C.The modulation index varies with the square root of the RF carrier frequency (the modulated frequency)~ C.Sweep oscillator quality and tube face voltage increments~ D.The repeater station is actuated by a call sign sent in Morse code~ A.400 watts~ A.Approximately 1000 miles~ Which sine waves make up a sawtooth wave?~ B.14025 kHz to 14175 kHz and 14200 kHz to 14350 kHz~ A.When the signals from the transmitters are reflected out of phase from airplanes passing overhead~ What is meant by the term deviation ratio?~ A.To provide reference points on an analog receiver dial~ C.Transmission line loss~ A.1.73~ What is RMS voltage of a 165-volt peak pure sine wave?~ B.Sufficient gain to allow weak signals to overcome noise generated in the first mixer stage~ What propagation condition is usually indicated when a VHF signal is received from a station over 500 miles away?~ What is the deviation ratio for an FM-phone signal having a maximum frequency swing of plus or minus 5 kHz and accepting a maximum modulation rate of 3 kHz?~ C.As an RF detector~ A.3~ What is the schematic symbol for a Zener diode? (Please refer to Figure 4AF-1.3)~ C.23.7 MHz~ B.To the FCC in Washington, DC~ B.Amperes-joules~ B.A tunnel diode~ A.A device used to produce a highly accurate reference frequency~ C.1.33 MHz~ D.Call sign and signal reports only~ A.Stations in the public safety service~ How can a double-sideband phone signal be generated?~ A.Fixed bias~ C.14 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ A.With an LED~ C.The repeater station is actuated by a control operator~ C.Through a capacitive divider~ B.Faraday rotation~ C.420.5-435 and 438-450 MHz~ What does it mean for a transistor to be fully saturated?~ D.20.5 MHz~ C.The generation of electrical energy by the application of light~ D.At E-layer height~ A.Symbol A~ B.Power coupled from an oscillator causes a decrease in metered current~ B.72 ohms~ C.Provisions must be made to limit transmissions to no more than 5 minutes if the control link malfunctions~ A.The current circulating in the parallel elements is at a minimum~ B.It provides fixed bias for D1~ B.Hartley~ D.222.6 kHz~ D.76 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ B.Within 10 days of the administration date~ D.By feeding back an out-of-phase component of the input to the output~ B.Any Novice licensee~ What is meant by the term radiation resistance for an antenna?~ C.Alpha~ A.A Zener diode~ What type of emission is produced when an amplitude modulated transmitter is modulated by a television signal?~ C.21.3 MHz~ C.Scatter~ B.Approximately 1765 watts~ C.12.5 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ A.The continued motion of a radio wave through space when the transmitter is turned off~ B.A burst of noise when the squelch is set too high~ What are the frequency privileges authorized to the Advanced operator in the 75-meter wavelength band?~ D.A repeater whose frequency pair has been properly coordinated~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-2 when L is 2 microhenrys and C is 30 picofarads?~ B.When the height above ground will exceed 200 feet~ A.An area of low charge density around the P-N junction~ Which emission modes suffer the most from selective fading?~ A.It can measure signal strength accurately~ D.Colpitts, Hartley and Pierce~ When a repeater station is identified in Morse code using an automatic keying device, what is the maximum code speed permitted?~ A.3.56 MHz~ D.If the employee does not normally communicate with the benefits and policies part of the company~ Where must the completed Form 610 be submitted after the administration of a successful Novice examination?~ Why is a loading coil often used with an HF mobile antenna?~ C.The force between the plates of a charged capacitor~ A.2000 ohms~ C.The velocity of the wave on the transmission line multiplied by the velocity of light in a vacuum~ D.Output is present for less than 180 degrees of the input signal cycle~ D.As a voltage controlled capacitance~ A.Pierce~ C.4321 Hz~ C.AM~ C.R3 = 10 kilohms and V2 = 6 volts~ D.A buffer oscillator~ C.Cross modulation interference~ C.25.6~ A.Any time that particular code is used for at least part of the communication~ C.Approximately 800 watts~ B.That frequency at which the grounded emitter current gain has decreased to 0.7 of that obtainable at 1 kHz in a transistor~ D.One-half of the way from the feed point toward the end~ A.J3A~ In a half-wave antenna, where are the voltage nodes?~ B.High lumens per cm per cm and low power consumption~ Structurally, what are the two main categories of semiconductor diodes?~ D.Only when there are more than 20 applicants attending the examination session~ What is the procedure for tuning a power amplifier having an output pi- network?~ C.A variable LC oscillator with metered feedback current~ A.13.1 MHz~ D.The modulation index does not depend on the RF carrier frequency (the modulated frequency)~ D.Approximately 2000 miles~ C.By CW or voice~ B.39.7 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ A.Wattless, non-productive power~ B.5~ C.3.56 MHz~ B.50.25-52.00 MHz~ B.500 Hz at -6 dB~ D.7.96 MHz~ C.6 kHz at -6 dB~ D.23.7 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ C.Common emitter amplifier~ A.A voltage pulse in a conductor~ C.36.9 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ C.A regulator containing three error amplifiers and sensing transistors~ C.Tropospheric ducting~ D.The matching network can cancel the reactive part of an impedance and change the value of the resistive part of an impedance~ D.R3 = 30 kilohms and V2 = 3.33 volts~ C.The number of zero crossings in one cycle~ C.82.7-V AC~ B.It is more pronounced at narrow bandwidths~ A.Output is present for more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees of the signal input cycle~ A.A constant current source~ What type of circuit is shown in Figure 4AG-10?~ C.0.5~ B.The modulation index decreases as the RF carrier frequency (the modulated frequency) increases~ C.Only when the control operator is present~ D.50.3 kHz~ A.By multiplying the apparent power times the power factor~ What is the skin effect?~ C.R3 = 5.33 kilohms and V2 = 5.33 volts~ D.Reactive power~ B.Increase the transmitter audio gain~ C.R3 = 20 kilohms and V2 = 10 volts~ B.In a direction opposite to the current flow~ D.The repeater call sign~ B.Tumbling and grinding~ What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through the circuit in Figure 4AE-6, when Xc is 75 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and Xl is 100 ohms?~ A.The time required to complete one cycle~ A.Coulombs~ A.58.7 kHz~ How is the positive feedback coupled to the input in a Pierce oscillator?~ C.All amateur frequency bands above 220.5 MHz, except 431-433 MHz and 435- 438 MHz~ B.1500 ohms~ Why are self-resonant antennas popular in amateur stations?~ B.126 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ A.High-gain amplifier~ B.Loss resistance~ What effect does auroral activity have upon radio communications?~ C.High lumens per cm per cm and low voltage requirement~ A.All amateur frequency bands above 220.5 MHz, except 432-433 MHz and 436- 438 MHz~ D.0.25 meters~ A.L-network~ What is the purpose of R1 in the circuit shown in Figure 4AG-12?~ What factors limit the accuracy, frequency response, and stability of a D'Arsonval movement type meter?~ B.Greater structural strength~ C.R3 = 6.67 kilohms and V2 = 3.33 volts~ Who is responsible for preparing an Element 1(A) telegraphy examination?~ A.23.7 MHz~ B.The resistance decreases and the capacitive reactance increases~ C.A3F~ B.Approximately equal to XL~ Which type of network provides the greatest harmonic suppression?~ D.Greater harmonic suppression~ B.1.68 MHz~ A.Splitting and tumbling~ B.Symbol B~ A.The equatorial regions~ What is the term for the ratio of actual velocity at which a signal travels through a line to the speed of light in a vacuum?~ C.A broadband white noise generator~ A.Silicon and gold~ What is a constant-K filter?~ D.The transmission of printed pictures for permanent display on paper~ C.0.30~ B.With a Hall-effect transistor~ What type of emission is produced when an amplitude modulated transmitter is modulated by a facsimile signal?~ A.Class A~ A.Ensure good RF shielding between the transmitter and receiver~ C.58.3-V AC~ A.234 volts~ D.1 wavelength~ C.A network with only three discrete parts~ C.120~ D.The force that drives current through a resistor~ D.360 degrees~ B.76.2 kHz~ What are the penalties for fraudulently administering examinations?~ A.0.221~ C.Because there are no reactances in the circuit~ A.They must prepare the examination from material contained in the ARRL Handbook or obtain a question set from the FCC~ A.78 picofarads~ B.1.0~ Where in the ionosphere does auroral activity occur?~ How can the frequency response of an oscilloscope be improved?~ C.NE-3~ D.Feedback~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-1 when L is 3 microhenrys and C is 15 picofarads?~ B.By a frequency discriminator~ A.The resistance decreases and the capacitive reactance decreases~ Where does practically all of the RF current flow in a conductor?~ D.Transmission of communications concerning moving, supplying and quartering participants in a charity event as long as the sponsoring charity is the principal beneficiary of such communications, not the public~ What type of emission is produced when a frequency modulated transmitter is modulated by a facsimile signal?~ D.Forward and reversed biased~ D.The resistance in the trap coils to received signals~ B.Electrical length divided by 0.8~ B.It can match impedances over a wide range of frequencies~ A.Low power consumption and long life~ D.Automatic detection in the RF amplifier and increased selectivity~ B.Approximately 2~ C.R3 = 5.33 kilohms and V2 = 2.67 volts~ What are the frequency privileges authorized to the Advanced operator in the 20-meter wavelength band?~ What is the effective radiated power of a station in repeater operation with 50 watts transmitter power output, 4 dB feedline loss, 3 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 6 dB antenna gain?~ D.Amateur stations other than those under manual control~ A.Area of the plates, voltage on the plates and distance between the plates~ C.By using a phase detector, oscillator and filter in a feedback loop~ In the northern hemisphere, in which direction should a directional antenna be pointed to take maximum advantage of auroral propagation?~ What is a sporadic-E condition?~ A.A regulator that has a ramp voltage as its output~ What is the effective radiated power of a station in repeater operation with 75 watts transmitter power output, 4 dB feedline loss, 3 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 10 dB antenna gain?~ C.221.00-225.00 MHz~ D.L-network, M-network and C-network~ What is the purpose of C2 in the circuit shown in Figure 4AG-12?~ B.A cosine wave~ A.600 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ B.10.5 kHz~ C.Circular~ A.The VE's amateur station license may be suspended for a period not to exceed 3 months~ D.A device used to generate wideband random frequencies~ D.70.8 meters~ A.A sawtooth wave~ D.By lengthening the vertical~ What type of linear voltage regulator is used in applications where the load on the unregulated voltage source must be kept constant?~ A.R3 = 6.67 kilohms and V2 = 12 volts~ D.R3 = 30 kilohms and V2 = 6 volts~ D.An effective radiated power statement~ C.An element that receives its excitation from mutual coupling rather than from a transmission line~ What is the term for the transmission of printed pictures by radio?~ B.It couples hum to D1~ B.Interference caused by audio rectification in the receiver preamp~ How can a single-sideband phone signal be generated?~ B.Director element~ D.Repeater operation is not permitted in the 23-cm wavelength band~ A.Conducting and nonconducting~ D.Squelch gain adjusted too low~ A.R3 = 40 kilohms and V2 = 12 volts~ D.A control operator indirectly manipulating the operating adjustments in the station through a control link~ A.A burst of noise when the squelch is set too low~ C.Approximately 4~ C.Base, emitter and collector~ B.Emergency messages or business messages~ B.Power consumed in wire resistance in an inductor~ C.When the square root of the sum of the capacitive and inductive reactances is equal to the resonant frequency~ What are the three most commonly used networks to accomplish a match between an amplifying device and a transmission line?~ C.Approximately 5.6-V AC RMS~ D.A wave whose amplitude at any given instant can be represented by a point on a wheel rotating at a uniform speed~ B.200 picofarads~ A.A repeater containing control circuitry that limits repeater access to certain users~ What are the three general groupings of filters?~ C.The forward voltage~ A.Auroral propagation~ D.Because of the AC-resistance of the conductor's self inductance~ B.A modulator that produces a double sideband, suppressed carrier signal~ D.10.8 kHz~ B.53.1 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ C.Output for less than 180 degrees of the input signal cycle~ C.2000 Hz~ A.Through a tapped coil~ A.Class A~ A.1.33 kHz~ C.Any General, Advanced or Amateur Extra class operator~ A.A fixed-tuned pass-band amplifier~ A.All amateur frequency bands above 220.5 MHz, except 432-433 MHz and 436- 438 MHz~ D.25.6~ C.21025 kHz to 21200 kHz and 21225 kHz to 21450 kHz~ Under what circumstances, if any, may the licensee of an amateur station in repeater operation accept remuneration for providing communication services to another party?~ C.The element fed by the transmission line~ A.1 kHz at -6 dB~ B.Output is present for exactly 180 degrees of the input signal cycle~ C.Class C~ D.A station in repeater operation~ B.The collector current is at its minimum value~ D.7.96 MHz~ B.A transformer~ A.679.4 ohms~ D.By a phase splitter~ What is the approximate transmission time for a facsimile picture transmitted by an amateur station?~ B.80 watts~ B.16.5 kHz~ C.126 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ B.It is at a maximum~ D.Because conductors are non-linear devices~ D.300-V AC~ D.When it is gated "on"~ C.Beta cutoff frequency~ A.76 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ D.Radio waves may be bent~ What is the propagation condition called where scattered patches of relatively dense ionization develop seasonally at E layer heights?~ A.300 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ B.Diversity reception~ B.They must prepare the examination from material contained in a question pool maintained by the FCC in Washington~ D.It provides D1 with current~ B.Under automatic control, a control operator is not required to be present at a control point~ Which emission modes are best for auroral propagation?~ D.Inverted sidebands in the final stage of the amplifier~ B.A filter whose product of the series- and shunt-element impedances is a constant for all frequencies~ B.Symbol B~ A.Approximately 120~ B.32.2~ What happens to the bandwidth of an antenna as it is shortened through the use of loading coils?~ A.The repeater effective radiated power~ D.Gate, base 1 and base 2~ A.A high forward resistance~ C.234-V AC~ B.A circuit for filtering two closely adjacent signals~ B.Pi-network~ B.Output is present for exactly 180 degrees of the input signal cycle~ A.A filter whose product of the series- and shunt-element impedances is a constant for all frequencies~ A.0.866~ D.It is one-half as long~ A.Yellow, blue, red and brown~ A.18.4 MHz~ How can a power amplifier be neutralized?~ B.The change of base current with respect to collector current~ D.It is twice as long~ B.To maximize losses~ A.Spurious mixer products are generated~ B.A square wave~ What is a common use of a hot-carrier diode?~ When the magnetic field is parallel to the surface of the earth, what is the polarization of the electromagnetic wave?~ In Figure 4AG-10, what is the purpose of C3?~ B.By approximately twice the distance~ A.64 picofarads~ B.Television~ D.13 years old~ A.When the repeater is operating under portable power~ B.1/2 wavelength~ D.A shunt current source~ C.Selective fading~ D.By using a balanced modulator on an oscillator~ What is a frequency-marker generator?~ D.R3 = 24 kilohms and V2 = 8 volts~ In Figure 4AE-9, what values of V2 and R3 result in the same voltage and current characteristics as when V1 is 8-volts, R1 is 8 kilohms, and R2 is 16 kilohms?~ D.7000 kHz to 7025 kHz~ C.Low, as compared to the circuit resistance~ A.A frequency measuring device~ What is responsible for the phenomenon when voltages across reactances in series can often be larger than the voltages applied to them?~ B.By varying the voltage to the varactor in an oscillator circuit~ D.Emitter bypass~ C.All amateur frequency bands above 220.5 MHz, except 430-432 MHz and 434- 437 MHz~ D.21.1 kHz~ A.Radio communication from a location more than 50 miles from that indicated on the station license for a period of more than three months~ What is the schematic symbol for a PNP transistor? (Please refer to Figure 4AF-2.1)~ D.By approximately four times the distance~ B.Gate, source and sink~ A.Output for the entire input signal cycle~ What is slow-scan television?~ D.In the atmosphere~ C.To self resonate at the hum frequency~ A.Reactive quiescence~ B.Approximately equal to the circuit resistance~ A.It is increased~ C.The transmission of video by amateur television~ D.Standing wave ratio~ C.6794 ohms~ B.A low sunspot level~ B.When they are in close proximity and the signals mix in one or both of their final amplifiers~ What is a folded dipole antenna?~ What is receiver desensitizing?~ D.The ratio of the highest audio modulating frequency to the average audio modulating frequency~ D.R3 = 5 kilohms and V2 = 5 volts~ A.Electrical length times 0.8~ A.The feedback connection to the error amplifier is made directly to the load~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-1 when L is 40 microhenrys and C is 200 picofarads?~ In a circuit where the AC voltage and current are out of phase, how can the true power be determined?~ What is an open repeater?~ How can cross-modulation in a receiver be reduced?~ A.Amplifier desensitization~ A.High, as compared to the circuit resistance~ B.Approximately 468 million meters per second~ C.Maximum voltage and minimum current~ D.Junction diodes~ D.Approximately 2000 watts~ What is a frequency counter?~ A.Symbol A~ A.An antenna for rejecting interfering signals~ What is meant by referring to electromagnetic waves as having circular polarization?~ A.An electric field and a current field~ C.Gate, source and sink~ C.The electromagnetic wave encounters the ionosphere and returns to its source~ C.Three-quarters of the way from the feed point toward the end~ C.2.33 meters~ A.To measure resonant frequency of antenna traps and to measure percentage of modulation~ A.Junction and point contact~ C.Through a capacitive divider~ D.The final amplifier gain minus the transmission line losses (including any phasing lines present)~ A.Output for less than 180 degrees of the signal cycle~ B.Only if five or more years have elapsed since the revocation or suspension~ C.0.00452~ B.14 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ C.In the magnetic field around the conductor~ A.2 meters~ D.Peak effective power~ C.A negative resistance region~ C.By approximately one-half the distance~ What is the effective radiated power of a station in repeater operation with 120 watts transmitter power output, 5 dB feedline loss, 4 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 6 dB antenna gain?~ D.Maximum and minimum input voltage, minimum output voltage and maximum output current~ B.By feeding back an in-phase component of the output to the input~ D.Provisions must be made to limit transmissions to no more than 10 minutes if the control link malfunctions~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-2 when L is 5 microhenrys and C is 9 picofarads?~ C.The phenomenon where thermal effects on the surface of the conductor increase the impedance~ B.It has limited power handling capabilities~ C.Because of skin effect~ D.14 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ C.35.4 kHz~ C.632 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ B.Symbol B~ C.By neutralization~ D.Symbol D~ B.6 meters~ C.Approximately 5.6 volts~ D.A network used to generate a lagging phase angle~ B.44.9 kHz~ C.Through link coupling~ B.The lowest frequency that will pass current~ D.The point where wire leads are connected to the P- or N-type material~ D.Because it has less corona from the element ends than other types of antennas~ D.The error amplifier compares the input voltage to the reference voltage~ B.When the repeater is under local control~ A.60~ D.The resistance increases and the capacitive reactance increases~ C.8.7 meters~ D.0.023~ A.Efficiency = ( RF power out / DC power in ) X 100%~ B.Silicon and germanium~ What are the important characteristics of a three-terminal regulator?~ How often must a beacon station be identified?~ What is a pi-L-network?~ What frequencies in the 10-meter wavelength band are available for repeater operation?~ D.An antenna with a large capture area~ A.95 kHz~ C.By using a reactance modulator on an oscillator~ B.The location of the antenna with respect to nearby objects and the length/diameter ratio of the conductors~ A.28.0-28.7 MHz~ What is a frequency standard?~ B.You are allowed to derive a profit by buying or selling equipment on the air on a regular basis~ A.The electromagnetic field induces currents in the insulator~ C.7.12 kHz~ In an FM-phone signal, what is the term for the ratio between the deviation of the frequency-modulated signal and the modulating frequency?~ D.260 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ C.49.7 MHz~ D.0.577~ A.Zener diode~ D.Overloading~ A.Under local control, there is no control operator~ C.Cross modulation occurs~ B.By using a push-pull amplifier~ C.The surge impedance is higher in the parallel feed line~ C.500 Hz at -6 dB~ What is the propagation effect called when phase differences between radio wave components of the same transmission are experienced at the recovery station?~ For best efficiency and stability, where on the load-line should a solid- state power amplifier be operated?~ C.Linear voltage regulator~ C.50 ohms~ D.A3F~ D.By tuning the output~ A.90 degrees~ C.Passing of international third-party communications~ Why is the L-network of limited utility in impedance matching?~ D.0.23~ D.A repeater shut down by order of an FCC District Engineer-in-Charge~ Why does a half-wave antenna operate at very high efficiency?~ What is emission A3F?~ A.A circuit for detecting FM signals~ A.13 words per minute~ C.A shunt current source~ D.0.0256~ In Figure 4AE-9, what values of V2 and R3 result in the same voltage and current characteristics as when V1 is 8-volts, R1 is 8 kilohms, and R2 is 8 kilohms?~ A.R3 = 24 kilohms and V2 = 8 volts~ B.Minimum voltage and maximum current~ D.Alpha rejection frequency~ A.Cathode, plate and grid~ C.A regulator in which the control device is switched on or off, with the duty cycle proportional to the line or load conditions~ D.The change of collector current with respect to gate current~ C.By increasing the vertical sweep rate and the horizontal amplifier frequency response~ C.In all directions; omnidirectional~ B.Oscillating and quiescent~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-2 when L is 15 microhenrys and C is 5 picofarads?~ C.By a product detector~ D.Modulation index~ What is the Q of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-3 when the resonant frequency is 4.468 MHz, the inductance is 47 microhenrys and the resistance is 180 ohms?~ A.18.9 kHz~ A.Maximum forward current and capacitance~ D.The fundamental frequency and all odd harmonics~ What is a sine wave?~ C.0.6~ C.Class C~ D.A regulator in which the conduction of a control element is varied in direct proportion to the line voltage or load current~ D.Approximately 3000 watts~ D.13.3~ D.Approximately 1.2~ A.22.3 kHz~ What would be the physical length of a typical coaxial transmission line which is electrically one-quarter wavelength long at 14.1 MHz?~ D.Class AB~ A.As a constant current source~ What is the period of a wave?~ C.Base, collector and emitter~ What condition must exist for a circuit to oscillate?~ C.RTTY~ C.To measure antenna resonance and to measure antenna impedance~ What frequencies in the 2-meter wavelength band are available for repeater operation?~ B.Circular~ B.A Power Incidence network~ D.A beat frequency is generated~ A.Approximately 67 volts~ C.By detuning a Hartley oscillator~ What is facsimile?~ B.The line length~ B.Automatic operation of a station from a control point located elsewhere than at the station transmitter~ C.As an RF switch~ What are the factors that determine the radiation resistance of an antenna?~ A.Every eight minutes~ C.47.3 kHz~ A.117-V AC~ D.Etching and grinding~ A.The resistance divided by the current~ What is the term used to refer to the reception blockage of one FM-phone signal by another FM-phone signal?~ D.100 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ A.By using a push-push amplifier~ C.Vertical~ D.Nothing happens since radio waves have no physical substance~ A.20 lines per minute~ C.The FM signal-to-noise ratio~ What is the schematic symbol for a neon lamp? (Please refer to Figure 4AF- 4.6)~ D.Stations controlling model craft~ C.Elliptical~ C.An amateur station operating under automatic control~ B.Symbol B~ B.R3 = 6.67 kilohms and V2 = 10 volts~ B.Its internal capacitance varies with the applied voltage~ In Figure 4AG-10, what is the purpose of R1 and R2?~ D.Resonance~ B.Quieting~ What is the Q of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-3 when the resonant frequency is 7.125 MHz, the inductance is 12.6 microhenrys and the resistance is 22,000 ohms?~ C.It decouples hum from D1~ D.At 1.414 times the saturation point~ A.R3 = 24 kilohms and V2 = 5.33 volts~ B.When passing emergency traffic~ B.A very high PIV~ B.3250 ohms~ B.It is decreased~ B.6.63 kHz~ B.To prevent bleed-through of the desired signal~ What is a dip-meter?~ B.The value of a DC voltage that would cause the same heating effect in a given resistor as a peak AC voltage~ B.4 times~ B.R3 = 6.67 kilohms and V2 = 10 volts~ C.Temperature inversions~ D.The back EMF~ For reasonably efficient operation of a vacuum tube Class A amplifier, what should the plate-load resistance be with 250-volts at the plate and 25- milliamperes plate current?~ A.The electric and magnetic fields eventually become aligned~ D.Through a tapped coil~ D.To tune out the capacitive reactance~ A.800 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ A.Beamwidth may be controlled by non-linear impedances~ B.Quieting~ B.When you need more attenuation at a certain frequency that is too close to the cut-off frequency for a constant-k filter~ C.No change occurs~ D.A filter with narrow bandwidth and steep skirts made using quartz crystals~ C.A repeater containing a transmitter and receiver on the same frequency, a closed pair~ B.Power factor~ C.CW signals have a clearer tone~ B.1500 Hz~ What is meant by referring to electromagnetic waves traveling in free space?~ What is a balanced modulator?~ A.Approximately 850 watts~ What is the effective radiated power of a station in repeater operation with 50 watts transmitter power output, 5 dB feedline loss, 4 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 7 dB antenna gain?~ B.An audio filter made with 4 quartz crystals at 1-kHz intervals~ A.220.25-225.00 MHz~ C.54.3~ What are the advantages of using an LED?~ What is one use for a station in auxiliary operation?~ What is a sawtooth wave?~ What limits the maximum forward current in a junction diode?~ What can occur when a non-linear amplifier is used with a single-sideband phone transmitter?~ A.20 meters~ How is the positive feedback coupled to the input in a Hartley oscillator?~ Where is the noise generated which primarily determines the signal-to-noise ratio in a 160-meter wavelength band receiver?~ B.1270-1295 MHz~ D.144 ohms~ What is the primary purpose of the first i-f amplifier stage in a receiver?~ A.200 microhenrys~ C.1.7 volts and 20 mA~ B.An automatically operated link~ In facsimile, how are variations in picture brightness and darkness converted into voltage variations?~ Does the L-, pi-, or pi-L-network provide the greatest harmonic suppression?~ D.To measure resonant frequency of antenna traps and to measure a tuned circuit resonant frequency~ B.A current pulse in a conductor~ A.Symbol A~ D.The amplifier power~ C.R3 = 30 kilohms and V2 = 6.67 volts~ A.An element polarized 90 degrees opposite the driven element~ B.It allows ripple in the passband~ C.52.00-53.00 MHz~ D.69.9 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ A.180 times~ B.21000 kHz to 21200 kHz and 21300 kHz to 21450 kHz~ When is prior FCC approval required before constructing or altering an amateur station antenna structure?~ What are the penalties for administering examinations for money or other considerations?~ C.Violet, blue, orange and red~ B.Colpitts, Hartley and Taft~ B.Higher efficiency~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-2 when L is 40 microhenrys and C is 6 picofarads?~ How is a frequency counter used?~ D.It bypasses hum around D1~ A.Through a neutralizing capacitor~ D.The varactor diode~ A.A power supply filter made with crisscrossed quartz crystals~ D.A regulator that gives a ramp voltage at its output~ B.Facsimile~ D.J3F~ What is the term for apparatus to effect remote control between the control point and a remotely controlled station?~ C.It is a constant for all antennas since it is a physical constant~ B.The number of degrees in one cycle~ What is cross-modulation interference?~ A.Input coupling~ D.It filters the supply voltage~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-2 when L is 200 microhenrys and C is 10 picofarads?~ B.0.273~ A.Rectification and filtering of RF~ B.10 Hz~ A.10 MHz~ D.15 microhenrys~ C.325 ohms~ B.R3 = 5.33 kilohms and V2 = 8 volts~ A.36.9 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ A.Symbol A~ B.63.7 MHz~ D.Through a neutralizing capacitor~ A.Resistances in the networks substitute for resistances in the load~ A.Mechanical vibration of a crystal by the application of a voltage~ What is meant by the term modulation index?~ A.Reduced amplifier efficiency~ C.All amateur frequency bands above 220.5 MHz, except 431-433 MHz and 435- 438 MHz~ A.Stations without a control operator~ D.Approximately equal to XC~ C.It is stable~ D.Point contact diode~ A.7.35~ D.At a voltage node~ D.Sporadic-E~ A.2.84 MHz~ D.In the ionosphere~ B.Man-made noise~ A.23~ B.76 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ C.Antenna efficiency~ D.Hartley, Colpitts and Pierce~ C.0.47~ What is meant by remote control of an amateur station?~ A.233-V AC~ A.The automatic-control devices at an unattended station~ What does the power factor equal in an R-L circuit having a 30 degree phase angle between the voltage and the current?~ A.6 kHz at -6 dB~ A.Approximately 110-V AC RMS~ C.When an antenna located 23000 feet from an airport runway will be 150 feet high~ B.A less accurate reading results~ B.It provides brute force filtering of the output~ A.15 meters~ A.An amateur operator holding a General, Advanced or Extra class license and at least 18 years old~ B.The magnetic field is parallel to the earth~ What is a selective fading effect?~ C.When they are in close proximity and the signals cause feedback in one or both of their final amplifiers~ C.4800 ohms~ D.It clips the peaks of the ripple~ Which of the following amateur stations may be operated by automatic control?~ B.0.66~ What is the effective radiated power of a station in repeater operation with 200 watts transmitter power output, 4 dB feedline loss, 4 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 10 dB antenna gain?~ D.91 m (300 feet)~ C.76 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ D.1000~ C.7.12 MHz~ Within how many days after the administration of a successful Novice examination must the examiners submit the application to the FCC?~ B.0.5~ What is the principal characteristic of a varactor diode?~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-1 when L is 4 microhenrys and C is 20 picofarads?~ B.As a constant voltage source~ What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit which has a resonant frequency of 10.1 MHz and a Q of 225?~ D.A broadband white noise generator~ In Figure 4AG-10, what is the purpose of R3?~ B.It provides a constant load for the voltage source~ A.2.14~ A.NE-1~ A.Symbol A~ D.Pi-L-network~ Why does practically all of an RF current flow within a few thousandths-of- an-inch of the conductor's surface?~ B.Approximately 25 to 1~ B.0.16~ B.In the ionosphere~ A.FM~ B.3~ What is the normal operating voltage and current for a light-emitting diode?~ B.Only if the station is a repeater or space station~ A.By feeding a phase modulated signal into a low pass filter~ B.2.12 MHz~ D.A marker generator~ What is the audio frequency for black in an amateur slow-scan television picture?~ C.A receiver filter~ B.By measuring the voltage with a D'Arsonval meter~ What type of wave is made up of sine waves at the fundamental frequency and all the harmonics?~ C.A silicon-controlled rectifier~ B.The applicant's ability to send and receive text in international Morse code at a rate of not less than 5 words per minute~ B.14 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ A.E-layer skip~ When the electric field is perpendicular to the surface of the earth, what is the polarization of the electromagnetic wave?~ D.10.3 kHz~ C.A3C~ D.CW signals have a fluttery tone~ C.A square wave~ A.As loosely as possible, for best accuracy~ C.It is DC~ A.420.0-431, 433-435 and 438-450 MHz~ A.L-network~ A.Variations in E-layer height caused by sunspot variations~ C.3000~ C.The use of a capacitor in a power supply to filter rectified AC~ C.1240-1300 MHz~ D.A circuit that acts as a variable inductance or capacitance to produce AM signals~ What is the most the actual transmitter frequency could differ from a reading of 146,520,000-Hertz on a frequency counter with a time base accuracy of +/- 10 ppm?~ A.30~ D.The value of the radiation resistance represents the front-to-back ratio of the antenna~ What value capacitor would be required to tune a 100-microhenry inductor to resonate in the 160-meter wavelength band?~ B.The fundamental frequency and all odd and even harmonics~ What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit which has a resonant frequency of 3.6 MHz and a Q of 218?~ D.450 ohms~ C.R3 = 5 kilohms and V2 = 12 volts~ D.Symbol D~ What are the only types of messages that may be transmitted to an amateur station in a foreign country?~ A.Corner frequency~ A.It will radiate harmonics~ D.1.73~ B.Input coupling~ What would be the bandwidth of a good crystal lattice band-pass filter for a double-sideband phone emission?~ When the electric field is parallel to the surface of the earth, what is the polarization of the electromagnetic wave?~ B.A circuit that acts as a variable resistance or capacitance to produce AM signals~ A.Desensitizing~ A.Because of skin effect~ D.A transmission line that radiates radio-frequency energy~ C.Auroral skip~ D.Radiation resistance~ D.3.54 MHz~ C.By producing a double sideband signal with a balanced modulator and then removing the unwanted sideband by mixing~ B.The phenomenon where RF current flows in a thinner layer of the conductor, close to the surface, as frequency decreases~ B.Pi-network~ D.R3 = 10 kilohms and V2 = 12 volts~ D.NE-4~ What is the Q of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-3 when the resonant frequency is 3.625 MHz, the inductance is 3 microhenrys and the resistance is 2,200 ohms?~ C.PIN diodes~ B.50~ A.When the response must be maximally flat at one frequency~ Which class of amplifier provides the highest efficiency?~ D.The change in base current with respect to gate current~ D.The ratio of the cutoff frequency to the trap frequency can be varied~ D.Moonbounce~ D.50 meters~ A.To the nearest FCC Field Office~ What is the principle of detection in a diode detector?~ What is the dielectric constant for air?~ D.The use of a control link between a control point and a remotely controlled station~ C.The volunteer examiners or a qualified supplier~ Which of the following stations may not be automatically controlled?~ What is the usual electrical length of a driven element in an HF beam antenna?~ B.The junction temperature~ A.It provides fixed bias for Q1~ B.To vary the receiver image rejection by utilizing the AGC~ A.A constant current under conditions of varying voltage~ C.R3 = 16 kilohms and V2 = 8 volts~ D.To measure frequency~ B.Always the forwardmost element~ D.Facsimile~ A.The peak inverse voltage~ A.2.70~ D.432.1 Hz~ C.13.1 kHz~ D.By increasing the horizontal sweep rate and the vertical amplifier frequency response~ A.It bypasses hum around D1~ A.Point contact diodes~ B.The VE is subject to a monetary fine not to exceed $500 for each day the offense was committed~ D.Efficiency = ( DC power in / RF power in ) X 100%~ What is the DC starting voltage for an NE-2 neon lamp?~ What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through the circuit in Figure 4AE-6, when Xc is 100 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and Xl is 75 ohms?~ B.The matching network introduces negative resistance to cancel the resistive part of an impedance~ B.By subtracting the apparent power from the power factor~ D.A fading effect caused by time differences between the receiving and transmitting stations~ A.100.3 ohms~ C.Power supply decoupling~ C.As a voltage controlled inductance~ D.Approximately 48-V AC RMS~ C.An amateur operator holding a General, Advanced or Extra class license and at least 16 years old~ D.17.8 MHz~ B.21 years old~ A.During a switching transition~ B.By using a balanced modulator followed by a filter~ B.By modulating the supply voltage to a class-C amplifier~ A.When the total remuneration does not exceed $25~ A.To improve reception~ B.240 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ C.Dielectrics in the line~ What type of diode is made of a metal whisker touching a very small semi- conductor die?~ What is the most the actual transmit frequency could differ from a reading of 432,100,000-Hertz on a frequency counter with a time base accuracy of +/- 0.1 ppm?~ D.40.5 microfarads~ D.R3 = 5.33 kilohms and V2 = 8 volts~ D.F3C~ D.1.4652 MHz~ D.The traps increase the antenna gain~ D.420.5-433, 435-438 and 439-450 MHz~ D.By adjusting the pass-band tuning~ D.76 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ A.Current flow through space around a permanent magnet~ D.A shunt regulator~ What is the purpose of Q1 in the circuit shown in Figure 4AG-12?~ B.All amateur frequency bands above 220.5 MHz, except 431-432 MHz and 435- 437 MHz~ C.Time differences between the receiving and transmitting stations~ C.By altering the phase of the current on the driven element~ A.By tuning for maximum SWR~ A.17.7 MHz~ A.Because it is non-resonant~ D.1260 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ D.The VEC~ C.The fundamental frequency and all odd harmonics~ A.F3C~ B.A fading effect caused by phase differences between radio wave components of the same transmission, as experienced at the receiving station~ What is the mixing process?~ C.0.368~ What is the distinguishing characteristic of a Class B amplifier?~ B.Output for the entire 360 degrees of the signal cycle~ B.Symbol B~ Why would the rate at which electrical energy is used in a circuit be less than the product of the magnitudes of the AC voltage and current?~ A.Noise figure performance~ A.A filter whose input impedance varies widely over the design bandwidth~ When may a repeater be identified using digital codes?~ B.Remote control of model craft~ What is meant by automatic control of an amateur station?~ D.1/3~ A.Losses in the antenna elements and feed line~ A.A constant current source~ A.To provide most of the receiver gain~ C.Colpitts~ B.Output for greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees of the input signal cycle~ D.By multiplying the RMS voltage times the RMS current~ A.An amateur station employing a phone patch to pass third-party communications~ B.When inductive and capacitive reactances are equal~ D.Approximately 1000 watts~ D.28.5-29.7 MHz~ A.Cross-modulation distortion and interference~ D.The amplitude of the wave~ What is the condition called which occurs when the signals of two transmitters in close proximity mix together in one or both of their final amplifiers, and unwanted signals at the sum and difference frequencies of the original transmissions are generated?~ At what speed do electromagnetic waves travel in free space?~ C.The volunteer examiner may be compensated when traveling over 25 miles to the test site~ A.The collector current is at its maximum value~ D.47~ What is the effective radiated power of a station in repeater operation with 100 watts transmitter power output, 4 dB feedline loss, 3 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 7 dB antenna gain?~ A.The termination impedance~ B.237 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ D.Galena and bismuth~ B.The practical upper frequency limit of a transistor in common base configuration~ B.Time base accuracy, speed of the logic and time base stability~ D.They must prepare the examination from a common question pool maintained by the VECs or obtain a question set from a supplier~ What is the most the actual transmit frequency could differ from a reading of 432,100,000-Hertz on a frequency counter with a time base accuracy of +/- 10 ppm?~ C.The emission of charged particles from the sun~ What is a square wave?~ In Figure 4AG-10, what is the purpose of C1?~ B.Maximum and minimum input voltage, maximum output current and voltage~ A.1.84~ What are the three terminals of a bipolar transistor?~ A.At F-layer height~ A.It has high directivity in the high-frequency amateur bands~ C.The transmission of printed pictures by electrical means~ May an amateur operator inform other amateur operators of the availability of apparatus for sale or trade over the airwaves?~ A.Effective power~ A.Space resistance~ A.Tone link~ A.R3 = 10 kilohms and V2 = 5 volts~ D.Delta~ B.420.5-440 and 445-450 MHz~ C.1.77 kHz~ B.Receiver quieting~ What is emission F3F?~ In a telegraphy examination, how many characters are counted as one word?~ D.Deflection amplifier output impedance and tube face frequency increments~ D.A sine wave~ A.7000 kHz to 7300 kHz~ D.Partial tropospheric ducting at E-layer height~ B.Sine wave~ C.First loose, then tight, for best accuracy~ A.When employed by the FCC~ B.331-V AC~ B.0.543~ D.Under no circumstances~ D.Voltage regulation~ C.It is less than 50% that of a simple dipole~ C.A dipole whose ends are connected by another one-half wavelength piece of wire~ What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through the circuit in Figure 4AE-6, when Xc is 100 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and Xl is 25 ohms?~ A.It has a constant voltage under conditions of varying current~ A.Calibration, coil impedance and meter size~ D.The element connected to the rotator~ What is an m-derived filter?~ B.14 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ D.A matching network in which all components are isolated from ground~ B.Area of the plates, distance between the plates and the dielectric constant of the material between the plates~ A.By a burst of digitized information~ A.Switching voltage regulator~ C.In the receiver front end~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-2 when L is 2 microhenrys and C is 15 picofarads?~ B.14 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ What is the meaning of the term alpha with regard to bipolar transistors?~ B.By producing a double sideband signal with a balanced modulator and then removing the unwanted sideband by heterodyning~ C.By operating class C~ C.The change of collector current with respect to emitter current~ A.3.18 MHz~ What is an advantage of a constant-k filter?~ A.It increases the output ripple~ D.A detector used to detect cross-modulation products~ C.Self bias~ Which of the three major oscillator circuits used in amateur radio equipment utilizes a quartz crystal?~ A.When the power factor is at a minimum~ B.The ratio between the deviation of a frequency modulated signal and the modulating frequency~ B.315 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ A.50.3 MHz~ C.By using an absorption wavemeter~ C.The original frequencies and the sum and difference frequencies~ B.Common-collector amplifier~ B.NE-2~ B.Approximately 600 watts~ D.100 microfarads~ A.Symbol A~ B.SSB and FM~ D.When the immediate safety of human life or immediate protection of property is involved~ C.A regulator in which the control device is switched on or off, with the duty cycle proportional to the line or load conditions~ What is the RMS voltage at a common household electrical power outlet?~ A.81.47 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ Who is eligible for administering an examination for the Novice operator license?~ A.High-pass, low-pass and band-pass~ C.Because of heating of the metal at the conductor's interior~ B.24.3 meters~ B.When it is used as a detector~ B.The ratio of the signal in the forward direction to the signal in the back direction~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-1 when L is 25 microhenrys and C is 10 picofarads?~ D.In a direction determined by the left hand rule~ What is the piezoelectric effect?~ C.To improve the receiver's noise figure~ C.The northern hemisphere~ C.Business messages or messages of a technical nature~ D.A transmission-limiting timing device~ What is emission F3C?~ B.28.4 MHz~ What determines the velocity factor in a transmission line?~ C.0.5~ What is a pi-network?~ What is a reactance modulator?~ B.The back and forth oscillation of electrons in an LC circuit~ C.2000 watts~ A.Class A~ D.A high forward current rating~ What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit which has a resonant frequency of 1.8 MHz and a Q of 95?~ For a shortened vertical antenna, where should a loading coil be placed to minimize losses and produce the most effective performance?~ B.FM and double sideband AM~ D.Resonance~ Where is the noise generated which primarily determines the signal-to-noise ratio in a 0.70-meter wavelength band receiver?~ C.The amplitude of the RF stage preceding the filter~ A.Anode, cathode and gate~ What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit which has a resonant frequency of 21.15 MHz and a Q of 95?~ B.As a constant voltage source~ B.An element dependent on the antenna structure for support~ What is meant by the term antenna efficiency?~ A.19.9 kHz~ B.29.1 MHz~ In Figure 4AE-9, what values of V2 and R3 result in the same voltage and current characteristics as when V1 is 10-volts, R1 is 10 kilohms, and R2 is 10 kilohms?~ D.Output is present for more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees of the input signal cycle~ A.Circular~ B.Characteristic impedance~ When an SCR is in the triggered or on condition, its electrical characteristics are similar to what other solid-state device (as measured between its cathode and anode)?~ A.A network consisting entirely of four inductors or four capacitors~ D.600 watts~ C.Voltage regulator and voltage reference~ Where is the noise generated which primarily determines the signal-to-noise ratio in a 1.25-meter wavelength band receiver?~ C.The fundamental frequency and all even harmonics~ C.Gate, base 1 and base 2~ What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit which has a resonant frequency of 3.7 MHz and a Q of 118?~ D.Transmission of communications point-to-point within a system of cooperating amateur stations~ A.Deviation index~ B.F3F~ D.Efficiency = ( effective radiated power / transmitter output ) X 100%~ D.Noise figure and distortion~ What are the frequency privileges authorized to the Advanced operator in the 40-meter wavelength band?~ What is a driven element of an antenna?~ D.All amateur frequency bands above 220.5 MHz, except 431-433 MHz and 435- 438 MHz~ B.Grounded emitter amplifier~ D.The use of a portable handheld to turn on or off the repeater~ D.2.13 MHz~ What technique can be used to construct low cost, high performance crystal lattice filters?~ What is the effective radiated power of a station in repeater operation with 200 watts transmitter power output, 4 dB feedline loss, 3 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 6 dB antenna gain?~ D.Approximately 110 volts~ A.Simplex retransmission~ D.1465.20 Hz~ B.A filter whose velocity factor is constant over a wide range of frequencies~ B.D-layer skip~ What is the RMS value of a 331-volt peak-to-peak pure sine wave?~ B.17.7 kHz~ D.17 kHz~ D.22.1~ D.Modulated CW~ What is meant by automatic retransmission from a repeater station?~ How many times does a sine wave cross the zero axis in one complete cycle?~ C.Aurora is created~ Under what circumstances, if any, may an amateur station automatically retransmit programs or the radio signals of other amateur stations?~ D.A network consisting of one inductor and two capacitors or two inductors and one capacitor~ What is a linear electronic voltage regulator?~ D.This is allowed only if you also give the serial number of the equipment~ What type neon lamp is usually used in amateur radio work?~ A.By using a grid dip meter~ B.Neutralization~ D.15 kHz at -6 dB~ D.Gate, source and sink~ What is a Class AB amplifier?~ A.14 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ B.10 Hz~ A.Class A~ What factors should be considered when selecting an intermediate frequency?~ B.20.5 kHz~ A.2.65 kHz~ A.Symbol A~ C.Symbol C~ C.A filter whose product of the series- and shunt-element impedances is a constant for all frequencies~ D.It requires only inductors~ A.Wind shear~ D.31.9~ C.Efficiency = ( total resistance / radiation resistance ) X 100%~ D.Power consumed in circuit Q~ C.Three-quarters of the way from the feed point toward the end~ D.A wave consisting of two magnetic fields at right angles to each other~ C.That frequency at which the grounded collector current gain has decreased to 0.7 of that obtainable at 1 kHz in a transistor~ A.FM compressibility~ B.Colpitts~ A.252 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ C.A device that determines whether or not a given frequency is in use before automatic transmissions are made~ C.The value of an AC voltage that would cause the same heating effect in a given resistor as a DC voltage of the same value~ C.Higher losses~ C.Peak clipping~ A.There is no base current~ D.It has a high output power~ A.It has a maximally flat response over its passband~ How is the positive feedback coupled to the input in a Colpitts oscillator?~ B.A network consisting of an inductor and a capacitor~ B.14.5 MHz~ C.1.99 MHz~ C.Peak envelope power~ B.Approximately 5 volts~ C.To prevent the generation of spurious mixer products~ D.13.1 kHz~ D.50 watts~ A.It resonates at the ripple frequency~ Under what circumstances, if any, may volunteer examiners be compensated for their services?~ A.The capacitance to ground is less farther away from the base~ C.Business communications only~ B.The change of base current with respect to emitter current~ B.Because of the Heisenburg Effect~ What is the term used to express the ratio of change in the DC collector current to a change in base current in a bipolar transistor?~ D.To prevent bleed-through of the local oscillator~ C.Cosine wave~ A.Approximately 300 million meters per second~ A.With a balanced modulator on the audio amplifier~ In Figure 4AE-9, what values of V2 and R3 result in the same voltage and current characteristics as when V1 is 10-volts, R1 is 10 kilohms, and R2 is 20 kilohms?~ C.146.52 Hz~ B.606 kHz~ C.F3F~ A.In the receiver front end~ What is the schematic symbol for a silicon controlled rectifier? (Please refer to Figure 4AF-3.1)~ A.2~ A.The process of masking out the intelligence on a received carrier to make an S-meter operational~ What is emission A3C?~ D.Phase differences between radio wave components of the same transmission, as experienced at the receiving station~ B.Tune out cross-modulation distortion~ C.As a constant voltage reference in a power supply~ B.0.866~ D.Modulation from an unwanted signal is heard in addition to the desired signal~ A.At the ends~ D.58.7 kHz~ B.The electric field rotates~ Which class of amplifier has an operating angle of more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees when driven by a sine wave signal?~ What determines the bandwidth and response shape in a crystal lattice filter?~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-1 when L is 1 microhenry and C is 9 picofarads?~ A.A filter that uses Boltzmann's constant~ C.To minimize losses~ C.F3F~ C.Symbol C~ C.An electric field and a voltage field~ B.Red, violet, yellow and peach~ C.Approximately 1200~ What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through the circuit in Figure 4AE-6, when Xc is 25 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and Xl is 100 ohms?~ C.RTTY~ D.0.7 volts and 60 mA~ What is the characteristic of the current flow in a series R-L-C circuit at resonance?~ C.L-network, pi-network and pi-L-network~ A.R3 = 6.67 kilohms and V2 = 6.67 volts~ A.14.652 Hz~ A.14 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ What are three major oscillator circuits often used in amateur radio equipment?~ What factors limit the accuracy, frequency response, and stability of an oscilloscope?~ D.The practical upper frequency limit of a transistor in common emitter configuration~ Without special FCC approval, what maximum height above ground level (excluding airport proximity effects) is permitted for any amateur antenna support structure, including the radiating elements, tower, supports, etc.?~ D.Approximately 100 to 1~ B.The index of shielding for coaxial cable~ A.Audio gain adjusted too low~ B.10 Hz~ C.Class C~ D.Class AB~ A.A3F~ A.R3 = 30 kilohms and V2 = 4 volts~ C.If the employee serves as a volunteer examiner for his/her customers~ C.Under no circumstances~ B.Only voice may be used for identification~ What is the most the actual transmitter frequency could differ from a reading of 146,520,000-Hertz on a frequency counter with a time base accuracy of +/- 0.1 ppm?~ A.A repeater that does not contain control circuitry that limits repeater access to certain users~ A.Symbol A~ C.2.65 MHz~ C.Desensitizing~ C.To the FCC in Gettysburg, PA~ B.330-V AC~ C.An antenna capable of being used on more than one band because of the presence of parallel LC networks~ D.Under local control, a control operator is not required to be present at the control point at all times~ A.75.1~ A.The electric field is parallel to the earth~ D.F3C~ C.By installing a band-pass filter in the antenna feed line~ C.Pi-L-network~ D.To develop the AGC voltage~ A.As a constant current source~ D.Red, green, orange and yellow~ A.South~ C.A carrier operated relay system~ C.The applicant's ability to send and receive text in international Morse code at a rate of not less than 20 words per minute~ D.Output for exactly 180 degrees of the input signal cycle~ What frequencies in the 23-cm wavelength band are available for repeater operation?~ C.20 meters~ C.2 times~ A.0.031~ What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through the circuit in Figure 4AE-6, when Xc is 250 ohms, R is 1000 ohms, and Xl is 500 ohms?~ C.251 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ D.Symbol D~ C.By increasing the accuracy of the time base~ A.Interference between two transmitters of different modulation type~ A.A dipole that is one-quarter wavelength long~ A.A wave with only 300 degrees in one cycle~ A.By modulating the supply voltage to a class-B amplifier~ A.The readability of SSB signals increases~ A.Lower Q~ B.The elimination of noise in a wideband receiver by phase differentiation~ C.East~ What is the meaning of the term beta with regard to bipolar transistors?~ A.Near the center of the vertical radiator~ B.Bilateral SCR~ D.A rectangular wave~ What is a switching electronic voltage regulator?~ B.A series regulator~ D.To any VEC~ What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit which has a resonant frequency of 12.8 MHz and a Q of 218?~ A.R3 = 30 kilohms and V2 = 10 volts~ D.1.78 kHz~ What type of circuit is shown in Figure 4AG-12?~ D.At least once every ten minutes during and at the end of activity~ C.Only voice may be allowed~ C.An antenna matching network that is isolated from ground~ What is an L-network?~ D.Inductive bias~ What is reactive power?~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-1 when L is 50 microhenrys and C is 10 picofarads?~ D.Class D~ What is the term used to express the amount of electrical energy stored in an electrostatic field?~ What is the schematic symbol for a light-emitting diode? (Please refer to Figure 4AF-4.1)~ D.It is prone to self resonance~ What is an advantage of using a pi-L-network instead of a pi-network for impedance matching between the final amplifier of a vacuum-tube type transmitter and a multiband antenna?~ A.144.50-145.50 and 146-148.00 MHz~ What is the effective radiated power of a station in repeater operation with 75 watts transmitter power output, 5 dB feedline loss, 4 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 6 dB antenna gain?~ B.28.1 MHz~ D.A cosine wave~ C.14 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ What is the approximate DC input power to a Class C RF power amplifier stage in a RTTY transmitter when the PEP output power is 1000 watts?~ D.432.1 Hz~ A.Effective radiated power~ C.0.866~ A.The use of devices and procedures for control so that a control operator does not have to be present at a control point~ D.63.7 kHz~ B.A tunnel diode~ What colors are available in LEDs?~ What is resonance in an electrical circuit?~ What is an i-f amplifier stage?~ D.A reduction in receiver sensitivity when the AF gain control is turned down~ C.600 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ B.7.96 kHz~ C.The transistor's Alpha is at its maximum value~ A.Transmission of messages into a disaster area for hire or for material compensation~ C.Approximately 1667 watts~ What value inductor would be required to tune a 100-picofarad capacitor to resonate in the 40-meter wavelength band?~ Why is the resistance of a conductor different for RF current than for DC?~ B.43.1~ A.Through a tapped coil~ C.Input coupling~ A.At the ends~ B.Symbol B~ A.Intermodulation distortion~ A.165.2 Hz~ B.The recovery of intelligence from the modulated RF signal~ C.A detector that uses a mixing process with a locally generated carrier~ In an FM-phone signal having a maximum frequency deviation of 3000 Hz either side of the carrier frequency, what is the modulation index when the modulating frequency is 1000 Hz?~ B.10 minutes~ C.18 years old~ What are the two primary classifications of Zener diodes?~ What are the principal frequencies which appear at the output of a mixer circuit?~ D.1.2 volts to 5.6 volts~ B.Approximately 3.0 volts~ D.Bypass undesired signals~ B.Environmental Protection Agency and Federal Communications Commission~ A.The change of collector current with respect to base current~ D.West~ C.Gamma~ B.Maximum reverse current and PIV~ C.Galena and germanium~ C.24 meters~ B.A regulator in which the pass transistor switches from the "off" state to the "on" state~ C.Within 5 days of the administration date~ C.The load connection is made outside the feedback loop~ A.Tunnel diodes~ A.4.49 kHz~ D.Frequency discrimination~ A.It is easy to neutralize~ A.68.2 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ D.Negative feedback~ C.The ratio of the amount of power produced by the antenna compared to the output power of the transmitter~ A.Skin effect is less pronounced in the coaxial cable~ C.In the receiver front end~ C.The effective radiated power can be increased if the space around the antenna "sees" a high impedance~ B.Pi-network~ A.By a balanced modulator~ B.Output coupling~ What are the two interrelated fields considered to make up an electromagnetic wave?~ B.2.1 kHz at -6 dB~ What is the velocity factor for a typical coaxial cable?~ B.By tuning for maximum power output~ What would be the bandwidth of a good crystal lattice band-pass filter for a single-sideband phone emission?~ D.Television~ Why is the Colpitts oscillator circuit commonly used in a VFO?~ B.The degree of carrier suppression~ C.Conversion gain~ C.The value of the radiation resistance represents the front-to-side ratio of the antenna~ C.The change of collector current with respect to emitter current~ A.The applicant's ability to send and receive text in international Morse code at a rate of not less than 13 words per minute~ What is meant by repeater operation?~ D.Maximum forward current and PIV~ C.Elliptical~ D.When high power levels must be filtered~ Why is the physical length of a coaxial cable transmission line shorter than its electrical length?~ A.Emitter load~ B.R3 = 6.67 kilohms and V2 = 4 volts~ D.165.5-V AC~ D.A neon lamp will light in the presence of RF~ B.An amateur operator holding a Technician, General, Advanced or Extra class license and at least 18 years old~ D.120 Hz~ In Figure 4AE-9, what values of V2 and R3 result in the same voltage and current characteristics as when V1 is 12-volts, R1 is 10 kilohms, and R2 is 20 kilohms?~ A.Small changes in beam heading at the receiving station~ B.Joules~ A.D-layer absorption~ What is the term used in reference to a DC voltage that would cause the same heating in a resistor as a certain value of AC voltage?~ What is the meaning of the term velocity factor of a transmission line?~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-2 when L is 3 microhenrys and C is 40 picofarads?~ How can receiver desensitizing be reduced?~ D.5.31 kHz~ B.A regulator that provides more than one output voltage~ B.By using a better antenna~ What is a closed repeater?~ A.By the RF current received from a connected transmission line~ C.Symbol C~ B.Approximately 12~ What is the distinguishing feature of a Class A amplifier?~ C.3.56 kHz~ What is the term for energy that is stored in an electromagnetic or electrostatic field?~ C.71.5~ How does intermodulation interference between two transmitters usually occur?~ For reasonably efficient operation of a vacuum tube Class C amplifier, what should the plate-load resistance be with 1500-volts at the plate and 500- milliamperes plate current?~ C.It supplies current to D1~ A.Voice transmission~ A.The transmission of Baudot or ASCII signals by radio~ D.Meteor showers concentrated in the northern latitudes~ D.Number of digits in the readout, external frequency reference and temperature coefficient of the logic~ D.It has a very high PIV~ D.A filter that uses a trap to attenuate undesired frequencies too near cutoff for a constant-k filter.~ C.Symbol C~ Which sine waves make up a square wave?~ D.Radio communications in which amateur station signals are automatically retransmitted~ Who is responsible for preparing an Element 2 written examination?~ D.A Zener diode~ B.Carrier rejection through phase nulling~ C.The current circulating in the parallel elements is DC~ What is facsimile?~ D.Harmonics of the oscillator cause an increase in resonant circuit Q~ What is the term used to refer to the reduction of receiver gain caused by the signals of a nearby station transmitting in the same frequency band?~ What causes receiver desensitizing?~ C.A neon lamp will light only in the presence of very low frequency RF~ D.Distortion~ A.Approximately 1.0 to 1~ What is the process of detection?~ A.TRIAC~ C.Both the electric and magnetic fields are horizontal~ C.22.3 kHz~ C.Output is present for the entire input signal cycle~ What is the purpose of C3 in the circuit shown in Figure 4AG-12?~ C.150 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ C.SSB and AMTOR~ D.It can give an indication of the resonant frequency of a circuit~ C.12 picofarads~ A.43.21 Hz~ A.1.77 MHz~ B.6.88 meters~ C.146.52 kHz~ B.Through link coupling~ D.R3 = 30 kilohms and V2 = 8 volts~ B.Class B~ What is the schematic symbol for a TRIAC? (Please refer to Figure 4AF-3.6)~ B.Efficiency = ( radiation resistance / total resistance ) X 100%~ B.3.51 meters~ A.The volunteer examiners or a qualified supplier~ C.Skin effect~ D.Man-made noise~ What is the meaning of the term remote sensing with regard to a linear voltage regulator?~ B.By isolating the coax shield from ground~ B.220.50-225.00 MHz~ What is the schematic symbol for a semiconductor diode/rectifier? (Please refer to Figure 4AF-1.1)~ How does the length of the director element of a parasitic element beam antenna compare with that of the driven element?~ B.A3F~ D.Junction diodes~ D.150 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ C.Remote control~ What are the elements of a unijunction transistor?~ B.As a constant voltage source~ What special type of diode is capable of both amplification and oscillation?~ C.31.1~ A.Circular~ A.Under no circumstances~ B.A square wave~ C.A modulator that produces a single sideband, suppressed carrier signal~ A.6.63 MHz~ D.Constant-M~ A.76 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ What frequencies in the 0.70-meter wavelength band are available for repeater operation?~ B.R3 = 4 kilohms and V2 = 4 volts~ B.Slow Scan TV~ A.10.1 MHz~ A.Along the surface~ D.The transmission of still pictures by radio~ B.Gain~ B.The capacitance to ground is greater farther away from the base~ D.F3C~ A.4.31~ A.Under no circumstances~ D.The characteristic impedance is higher in the parallel feed line~ What is a crystal lattice filter?~ A.3.18 MHz~ B.It can measure frequency accurately~ What is the schematic symbol for a tunnel diode? (Please refer to Figure 4AF-1.7)~ D.2300 Hz~ A.4.49 kHz~ A.A constant-voltage, varying-current wave~ B.1.89 kHz~ C.A filter whose schematic shape is the letter "M"~ D.With an optoisolator~ What is the minimum age to be a volunteer examiner?~ C.Maximum and minimum input voltage, minimum output current and maximum output voltage~ C.As the basic frequency element of a transmitter~ What is the meaning of the term beta cutoff frequency with regard to a bipolar transistor?~ D.The weakest signal received is the only demodulated signal~ D.A through Z, 0 through 9, the period, the comma, and the question mark~ At the ends of a half-wave antenna, what values of current and voltage exist compared to the remainder of the antenna?~ C.405 picofarads~ In Figure 4AE-9, what values of V2 and R3 result in the same voltage and current characteristics as when V1 is 10-volts, R1 is 20 kilohms, and R2 is 10 kilohms?~ A.A sine wave~ B.It doesn't require an LC tank circuit~ B.The FCC~ What occurs in a receiver when an excessive amount of signal energy reaches the mixer circuit?~ C.4 lines per minute~ B.Symbol B~ What would be the most accurate way of determining the RMS voltage of a complex waveform?~ What is the physical length of a parallel antenna feedline which is electrically one-half wavelength long at 14.10 MHz? (assume a velocity factor of 0.82.)~ C.Reflector element~ D.An internal capacitance that varies with the applied voltage~ C.53.1 MHz~ What type of wave is made up of sine waves of the fundamental frequency and all the odd harmonics?~ C.7025 kHz to 7350 kHz~ D.A fictional antenna used in theoretical discussions to replace the radiation resistance~ A.Equal voltage and current~ B.Other amateur stations within a system of cooperating amateur stations~ C.The angle between the half-power radiation points~ D.Meteors~ D.14.04 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ C.The ratio of the carrier center frequency to the audio modulating frequency~ A.Two and four times the original frequency~ D.The center conductor resistivity~ What is a magnetic field?~ C.Approximately 6.0 volts~ What determines the strength of the magnetic field around a conductor?~ C.The electromagnetic wave continues to circle the earth~ A.By driving a product detector with a DSB signal~ A.To prevent the sum and difference frequencies from being generated~ B.Symbol B~ D.30~ What order of Q is required by a tank-circuit sufficient to reduce harmonics to an acceptable level?~ A.The transmission of tone-modulated telegraphy~ A.A battery~ C.Symbol C~ D.To provide fixed DC bias for Q1~ What is the Q of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-3 when the resonant frequency is 7.125 MHz, the inductance is 8.2 microhenrys and the resistance is 1,000 ohms?~ B.If the employee does not normally communicate with the manufacturing or distribution part of the company~ C.Approximately 1500 miles~ B.In the equatorial band~ D.Through capacitive coupling~ D.It depends on the amplification factor of the first IF stage~ A.By using slower digital logic~ A.M-network, pi-network and T-network~ A.It is about 5% longer~ C.8~ B.An electric field and a magnetic field~ What is the major advantage of a Pierce oscillator?~ A.43.21 MHz~ How can the approximate beamwidth of a rotatable beam antenna be determined?~ In Figure 4AE-9, what values of V2 and R3 result in the same voltage and current characteristics as when V1 is 8-volts, R1 is 16 kilohms, and R2 is 8 kilohms?~ B.A ground plane antenna~ D.Symbol D~ D.It must be neutralized~ A.Number of digits in the readout, speed of the logic and time base stability~ What is the distinguishing feature of a Class C amplifier?~ B.They have high gain in all azimuthal directions~ B.RTTY~ How does a parasitic element generate an electromagnetic field?~ A.It has high attenuation for signals on frequencies far removed from the passband~ What is a wave front?~ D.Vacuum and point contact~ C.The hot-carrier diode~ B.Approximately 3.3 minutes per frame at 240 lpm~ D.Any Novice licensee~ Under what circumstances, if any, may an employee of a company which is engaged in the distribution of equipment used in connection with amateur radio transmissions be a volunteer examiner?~ A.200 watts~ A.Decoupling~ D.When the square root of the product of the capacitive and inductive reactances is equal to the resonant frequency~ B.3500 kHz to 3525 kHz and 3800 kHz to 4000 kHz~ A.A regulator that supplies three voltages with variable current~ C.76 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ C.Self bias~ What is the term for the phenomena which occurs in an electrical circuit when the inductive reactance equals the capacitive reactance?~ A.Kinetic energy is given up by the radio wave~ C.10.3 MHz~ What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through the circuit in Figure 4AE-6, when Xc is 50 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and Xl is 25 ohms?~ D.Input coupling~ C.Symbol C~ D.Only CW may be used for identification~ C.Taft, Hartley and Pierce~ What is the purpose of D1 in the circuit shown in Figure 4AG-12?~ How does the bandwidth of a folded dipole antenna compare with that of a simple dipole antenna?~ D.A mixing process whereby information is imposed upon a carrier~ A.A network consisting entirely of four inductors~ D.7.12 MHz~ C.When the number of components must be minimized~ C.In the atmosphere~ D.Symbol D~ A.2300 Hz~ A.CW and SSB~ D.It provides a constant minimum load for Q1~ B.0.3~ B.The current circulating in the parallel elements is at a maximum~ C.Transmission line resistance plus radiation resistance~ D.165.5 volts~ D.A modulator that produces a full carrier signal~ What device is used to store electrical energy in an electrostatic field?~ C.Audio, radio and capacitive~ D.Self bias~ B.60 ohms~ C.A wave consisting of an electric field and a magnetic field at right angles to each other~ B.Because there are only resistances in the circuit~ D.Class D~ C.A repeater that continuously transmits a signal to indicate that it is available for use~ What is the Q of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-3 when the resonant frequency is 14.128 MHz, the inductance is 4.7 microhenrys and the resistance is 18,000 ohms?~ D.A filter whose input impedance varies widely over the design bandwidth~ A.76 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ B.Through link coupling~ B.Symbol B~ D.By using faster digital logic~ What appears to be the major cause of the sporadic-E condition?~ D.Personal remarks, tests, or messages of a technical nature~ C.An equivalent resistance that would dissipate the same amount of power as that radiated from an antenna~ A.The frequency of the modulating signal~ C.Percentage of modulation~ B.A3C~ B.The VE is subject to a monetary fine not to exceed $500 for each day the offense was committed~ What is a parasitic element of an antenna?~ From what government agencies must permission be obtained if you wish to erect an amateur antenna structure that exceeds 200 feet above ground level?~ B.Tube face voltage increments and deflection amplifier voltage~ D.69.9 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ A.3525 kHz to 3750 kHz and 3775 kHz to 4000 kHz~ C.Prior approval~ B.Class B~ D.The retransmission of NOAA weather broadcasts~ C.Class C~ D.Selectivity~ D.0.707~ D.Symbol D~ C.Constant-K~ B.It is essentially the same~ D.It is zero~ B.By installing a terminated circulator or ferrite isolator in the feed line to the transmitter and duplexer~ B.39~ A.211 kHz~ B.10.8 kHz~ What factors determine the capacitance of a capacitor?~ B.Class B~ D.Tangent wave~ What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit which has a resonant frequency of 14.25 MHz and a Q of 150?~ A.Equal voltage and current~ C.It is thermally unstable~ D.1.68 kHz~ For reasonably efficient operation of a vacuum-tube Class B amplifier, what should the plate-load resistance be with 800-volts at the plate and 75- milliamperes plate current?~ If the control link for a station under remote control malfunctions, there must be a provision to limit transmission to what time length?~ B.Emitter bypass~ Who may be the control operator of an auxiliary station?~ How are FM-phone signals detected?~ How many degrees are there in one complete sine wave cycle?~ What is the approximate magnitude of the impedance of a parallel R-L-C circuit at resonance?~ D.The mixing of noise with the received signal~ C.1600 watts~ A.Approximately 6 minutes per frame at 240 lpm~ D.360 times~ C.Output load resistor~ B.To provide reference points on a receiver dial~ D.A filter whose product of the series- and shunt-element impedances is a constant for all frequencies~ C.47.3 kHz~ D.Grounded-emitter amplifier~ D.Class AB~ D.R3 = 6.67 kilohms and V2 = 12 volts~ C.Noise figure performance~ C.Patches of dense ionization at E-layer height~ C.It provides fixed bias for Q1~ What type of circuit is shown in Figure 4AG-11?~ D.Hum filtering~ C.Tunnel diodes~ A.It must have a gain of less than 1~ B.Radiation conversion loss~ A.22.3 kHz~ C.10.1 kHz~ A.The relative frequencies of the individual crystals~ B.The tunnel diode~ C.Remotely controlling a station such that a control operator does not have to be present at the control point at all times~ C.Automatic limiting occurs~ What must the Element 1(A) telegraphy examination prove?~ What are the advantages of the frequency-conversion process?~ Which type of network offers the greater transformation ratio?~ A.CW and SSB~ Under what conditions, if any, may communications be transmitted to a commercial business by an amateur station?~ C.The modulation of an unwanted signal is heard on the desired signal~ A.By approximately 15% of the distance~ A.Class A~ D.A wave whose polarity changes in a random manner~ D.480 ohms~ D.Calibration, mechanical tolerance and coil impedance~ What is the modulation index of an FM-phone transmitter producing an instantaneous carrier deviation of 6 kHz when modulated with a 2-kHz modulating frequency?~ B.A force set up when current flows through a conductor~ B.Horizontal~ B.A network consisting of two inductors and two capacitors~ D.Increase the receiver bandwidth~ C.During Red Cross or other emergency service drills~ A.117-V AC~ D.A varactor diode~ B.The center frequency chosen for the filter~ C.117 volts~ B.165-V AC~ A.Approximately 1~ At the center of a half-wave antenna, what values of voltage and current exist compared to the remainder of the antenna?~ A.By using a Class C final amplifier with high driving power~ B.Horizontal~ What type of emission is produced when a frequency modulated transmitter is modulated by a television signal?~ B.Modulation index~ A.As much gain as possible short of self oscillation~ What is the term for the ratio of the radiation resistance of an antenna to the total resistance of the system?~ What is the principal characteristic of a Zener diode?~ What is the primary purpose of the final i-f amplifier stage in a receiver?~ B.Varactor diodes~ D.The frequency at which power factor is at a minimum~ B.Electrolytic and junction~ What is the term for a numerical ratio which relates the performance of one antenna to that of another real or theoretical antenna?~ Why is the inductance required for a base loaded HF mobile antenna less than that for an inductance placed further up the whip?~ A.The change of collector current with respect to base current~ A.120 Hz~ A.By installing a filter at the receiver~ C.3/4 wavelength~ D.Because there is a phase angle that is equal to zero between the current and voltage~ What is the term for an out-of-phase, non-productive power associated with inductors and capacitors?~ C.100 picofarads~ D.By measuring the heating effect in a known resistor~ C.The repeater Height Above Average Terrain (HAAT)~ B.Symbol B~ D.2.12 kHz~ What is meant by local control?~ C.The VEC~ C.14.5 kHz~ What is the term for the operation of a repeater whereby the repeater station is actuated solely by the presence of a received signal through electrical or electromechanical means, without any direct, positive action by the control operator?~ B.5 volts and 50 mA~ D.Intermodulation distortion occurs~ C.Time base accuracy, temperature coefficient of the logic and time base stability~ A.The ratio of the characteristic impedance of the line to the terminating impedance~ B.14.5 MHz~ C.The remote control apparatus between a control point and a remotely controlled station~ C.Hartley~ D.To minimize the Q~ What is the term for an antenna element which is supplied power from a transmitter through a transmission line?~ D.The transmission of a radio signal to a distant station by several hops through the ionosphere~ B.6 picofarads~ A.A detector that provides local oscillations for input to the mixer~ In Figure 4AG-11, what is the purpose of C2?~ How many questions must an Element 2 written examination contain?~ B.The transmission of still pictures by slow-scan television~ What is a common use for point contact diodes?~ D.Approximately 0~ When would it be more desirable to use an m-derived filter over a constant-k filter?~ C.Efficiency = ( RF power in / DC power in ) X 100%~ D.A voltage field and a current field~ B.Forward bias~ Which class of amplifier has the highest linearity and least distortion?~ B.R3 = 5 kilohms and V2 = 6 volts~ A.A wave that alternates between two values and spends an equal time at each level~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-1 when L is 8 microhenrys and C is 7 picofarads?~ A.The VE's amateur station license may be suspended for a period not to exceed 3 months~ B.150 microhenrys~ C.71.5~ C.Under automatic control, there is no control operator~ B.400 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ D.Both the electric and magnetic fields are vertical~ C.The practical lower frequency limit of a transistor in common base configuration~ D.Slow Scan TV~ C.3500 kHz to 3525 kHz and 3800 kHz to 3890 kHz~ A.A field strength meter~ B.1000 watts~ B.It is about 5% shorter~ B.3.18 kHz~ B.61 m (200 feet)~ B.All signals on a frequency are demodulated by an AM receiver~ B.Antenna gain~ A.36.9 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ A.An FM modulator that produces a balanced deviation~ C.Emitter bypass~ C.14.04 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ D.769.2 ohms~ C.The matching network introduces transconductance to cancel the reactive part of an impedance~ D.Reversed conduction states when a P-N junction is exposed to light~ C.Approximately 2.5 to 1~ How is the efficiency of a power amplifier determined?~ In an FM-phone signal, what is the term for the maximum deviation from the carrier frequency divided by the maximum audio modulating frequency?~ A.AC feedback~ A.The frequency is a linear function of the load impedance~ D.Area of the plates, amount of charge on the plates and the dielectric constant of the material between the plates~ B.A sweep generator~ What does the power factor equal in an R-L circuit having a 45 degree phase angle between the voltage and the current?~ B.Radiation resistance plus transmission resistance~ B.A Special Temporary Authorization~ C.14000 kHz to 14025 kHz and 14200 kHz to 14350 kHz~ C.A negative resistance region~ B.0.00435~ B.Technical or personal messages only~ What happens to a radio wave as it travels in space and collides with other particles?~ C.The resistance increases and the capacitive reactance decreases~ C.The letters A through Z, 0 through 9, the period, the comma, the dollar sign, the question mark, AR, SK, BT and DN~ A.Radiation resistance plus space impedance~ A.6000~ A.150 picofarads~ A.Velocity factor~ D.Symbol D~ How are networks able to transform one impedance to another?~ What is the approximate DC input power to a Class B RF power amplifier stage in an FM-phone transmitter when the PEP output power is 1500 watts?~ How does a dip-meter function?~ A.Potential energy~ C.At the beginning of a series of transmissions~ B.An SWR meter~ What is the characteristic of the current flow in a parallel R-L-C circuit at resonance?~ B.The repeater transmit and receive frequencies~ D.Intermodulation interference~ D.R3 = 30 kilohms and V2 = 10 volts~ A.Switching voltage regulator~ B.Horizontal~ A.Reverse bias~ C.331 volts~ A.By using a reactance modulator on an oscillator~ A.By increasing the grid drive~ C.ATV~ What is meant by auxiliary station operation?~ A.In the atmosphere~ D.As a high voltage rectifier~ D.The combination of two signals to produce sum and difference frequencies~ D.1.66~ D.Sunspot activity and the time of day~ A.The ratio of the audio modulating frequency to the center carrier frequency~ A.46 m (150 feet)~ What value inductor would be required to tune a 15-picofarad capacitor to resonate in the 15-meter wavelength band?~ B.The OSCAR satellite transponder~ D.Volts~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-2 when L is 1 microhenry and C is 10 picofarads?~ C.4.35~ A.R3 = 4 kilohms and V2 = 8 volts~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-2 when L is 10 microhenrys and C is 50 picofarads?~ A.Gamma~ C.To measure the deviation in an FM transmitter~ A.23.7 kHz~ D.As a high voltage rectifier~ C.Resistive and capacitive~ B.Increased selectivity and optimal tuned-circuit design~ B.The traps form a high impedance to isolate parts of the antenna~ D.Minimum voltage and maximum current~ D.51.00-54.00 MHz~ B.Efficiency = ( RF power in / RF power out ) X 100%~ B.27.9 kHz~ D.Emitter follower amplifier~ D.240 lines per minute~ What is a common use of a varactor diode?~ D.58.7 kHz~ A.Load resistors~ C.A sawtooth wave~ What frequencies in the 1.25-meter wavelength band are available for repeater operation?~ C.Harmonic distortion of the transmitted signal~ C.Adjust the tuning capacitor to maximum capacitance and then dip the plate current with the loading capacitor~ D.CW~ What frequencies are authorized for radio remote control of an amateur station?~ How may a repeater station be identified?~ D.The transmission of moving pictures by electrical means~ A.All signals on a frequency are demodulated by an FM receiver~ C.1.0 MHz~ B.At the feed point~ D.76.2 kHz~ C.R3 = 30 kilohms and V2 = 12 volts~ What are the three terminals of a TRIAC?~ B.Sunspots~ A.R3 = 20 kilohms and V2 = 12 volts~ B.It is a brute force filter for the output~ What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through the circuit in Figure 4AE-6, when Xc is 500 ohms, R is 1000 ohms, and Xl is 250 ohms?~ What is included in the total resistance of an antenna system?~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-2 when L is 90 microhenrys and C is 100 picofarads?~ B.30 words per minute~ B.A wave which abruptly changes back and forth between two voltage levels and which remains an equal time at each level~ A.29.1 kHz~ What two ways could a dip-meter be used in an amateur station?~ A.Horizontal~ What is the approximate magnitude of the impedance of a series R-L-C circuit at resonance?~ C.FM and CW~ B.Gate, anode 1 and anode 2~ B.The arctic regions~ C.Output for more than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees of the signal cycle~ A.Television~ How can the accuracy of a frequency counter be improved?~ What is a disadvantage of using a trap antenna?~ B.0.1 MHz~ C.Only if 3 or more years have elapsed since the revocation or suspension~ B.14 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ C.40~ C.The transmission of moving pictures by radio~ A.317 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ C.Symbol C~ A.79.6 MHz~ What is the term used to refer to the condition where the signals from a very strong station are superimposed on other signals being received?~ D.The velocity of the wave on the transmission line divided by the velocity of light in a vacuum~ D.There is no limitation~ A.76 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ A.Federal Aviation Administration and Federal Communications Commission~ B.The ratio of the current to the resistance~ What would be the physical length of a typical coaxial transmission line which is electrically one-quarter wavelength long at 7.2 MHz?~ B.29.0-29.7 MHz~ C.R3 = 6.67 kilohms and V2 = 8 volts~ A.Class A~ A.It is 0.707 times the simple dipole bandwidth~ A.14000 kHz to 14150 kHz and 14175 kHz to 14350 kHz~ What is one responsibility of a control operator of a station under remote control?~ A.Greater transformation range~ C.Maximum reverse current and capacitance~ A.The practical lower frequency limit of a transistor in common emitter configuration~ C.144.75-146.00 and 146-148.00 MHz~ B.1.78 MHz~ D.A fixed point in an electromagnetic wave~ D.Propagation of energy across a vacuum by changing electric and magnetic fields~ What is the input terminal impedance at the center of a folded dipole antenna?~ A.Output is present for less than 180 degrees of the input signal cycle~ D.An amateur operator holding a Technician, General, Advanced or Extra class license and at least 16 years old~ B.The letters A through Z, 0 through 9, the period, the comma, the open and closed parenthesis, the question mark, AR, SK, BT and DN~ D.Approximately equal to XC~ B.75 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ With which emission type is the capture-effect most pronounced?~ B.A detector that amplifies and narrows the band-pass frequencies~ D.One-half of the way from the feed point toward the end~ B.Only at the end of the series of transmissions~ A.234 volts~ D.By producing a double sideband signal with a balanced modulator and then removing the unwanted sideband by neutralization~ A.The highest frequency that will pass current~ A.A regulator in which the conduction of a control element is varied in direct proportion to the line voltage or load current~ A.Faraday rotation~ What device is usually used as a stable reference voltage in a linear voltage regulator?~ What frequencies in the 6-meter wavelength band are available for repeater operation?~ C.22.3 kHz~ B.A series regulator~ What is the peak voltage at a common household electrical outlet?~ D.10,667 ohms~ D.When an antenna located 23000 feet from an airport runway will be 100 feet high~ D.By modulating the plate voltage of a class C amplifier~ C.A device for accurately measuring frequency to within 1 Hz~ C.The VE will be restricted to administering only Novice class license examinations~ C.It is twice as long~ D.53.1 kHz~ A.158 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ C.14 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ B.The frequency range over which an antenna can be expected to perform well~ C.It only requires inductors~ D.The electromagnetic wave has been generated by a quad antenna~ For many types of voices, what is the ratio of PEP to average power during a modulation peak in a single-sideband phone signal?~ B.30 microhenrys~ B.A3C~ C.1.4652 Hz~ In Figure 4AE-9, what values of V2 and R3 result in the same voltage and current characteristics as when V1 is 12-volts, R1 is 10 kilohms, and R2 is 10 kilohms?~ A.RTTY~ A.When the antenna structure violates local building codes~ B.Output coupling~ D.76 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ A.Vertical~ C.Stations under remote control~ D.3525 kHz to 3775 kHz and 3800 kHz to 4000 kHz~ A.1.99 kHz~ A.Because the insulation conducts current at radio frequencies~ C.Symbol C~ C.180 degrees~ B.R3 = 20 kilohms and V2 = 5 volts~ A.Approximately 250 watts~ C.A wave that produces a phase angle tangent to the unit circle~ What class of amplifier is distinguished by the presence of output throughout the entire signal cycle and the input never goes into the cutoff region?~ D.Only during portable operation~ What are the limitations on international amateur radio communications regarding the types of messages transmitted?~ B.It only requires capacitors~ D.Output for 180 degrees of the input signal cycle~ C.Sufficient gain to keep weak signals below the noise of the first mixer stage~ D.Any Advanced or Amateur Extra class operator~ What happens to the base feed point of a fixed length HF mobile antenna as the frequency of operation is lowered?~ C.With a photodetector~ A.The processor index~ D.The angle formed between two imaginary lines drawn through the ends of the elements~ B.Inductive and capacitive~ D.Symbol D~ To what distance is VHF propagation ordinarily limited?~ B.Linear voltage regulator~ What are the two stable operating conditions of an SCR?~ Where do volunteer examiners obtain the questions for preparing an Element 2 written examination?~ B.An apparatus for effecting remote control between a control point and a remotely controlled station~ B.Epsilon~ B.Radio communication for remotely controlling another amateur station~ A.It provides a constant load to the voltage source~ B.The modern standard is 50 lines per minute~ B.FM communications are clearer~ B.Large changes in the height of the ionosphere, as experienced at the receiving station~ What is the meaning of the term root mean square value of an AC voltage?~ D.ACSSB~ C.Approximately equal to XL~ D.223.00-225.00 MHz~ C.SSB~ C.It minimizes harmonic radiation~ C.Sideband inversion~ D.By installing a low-pass filter in the antenna feed line~ A.Emitter, base 1 and base 2~ B.Resonance~ For reasonably efficient operation of a transistor amplifier, what should the load resistance be with 12-volts at the collector and 5 watts power output?~ B.Base, collector and emitter~ B.The transmission of a pattern of printed characters designed to form a picture~ D.14025 kHz to 14150 kHz and 14175 kHz to 14350 kHz~ What are the distinguishing features of a Chebyshev filter?~ Under what operating condition does an SCR exhibit electrical characteristics similar to a forward-biased silicon rectifier?~ What type of wave is characterized by a rise time significantly faster than the fall time (or vice versa)?~ A.Alpha~ How can an FM-phone signal be produced?~ C.Symbol C~ C.Distortion caused by auroral propagation~ What is a control link?~ B.4.52~ D.Vertical~ A.16 years old~ A.Base 1, base 2 and emitter~ How does the bandwidth of the transmitted signal affect selective fading?~ A.21000 kHz to 21200 kHz and 21250 kHz to 21450 kHz~ A.A fading effect caused by small changes in beam heading at the receiving station~ B.The oxide on the conductor surface acts as a shield~ B.Fixed bias~ D.It has high output power~ C.Etching and splitting~ C.Lower losses~ A.The elimination of noise in a wideband receiver by phase comparison~ D.By modulating the plate supply voltage to a class C amplifier~ A.As balanced mixers in SSB generation~ In a single-sideband phone signal, what determines the PEP-to-average power ratio?~ A.Knowing the radiation resistance makes it possible to match impedances for maximum power transfer~ B.Cross-modulation interference~ D.The ratio of the maximum carrier frequency deviation to the highest audio modulating frequency~ B.Stations in repeater operation~ What is meant by the term modulation?~ D.The change of reactance in the diode with respect to frequency~ C.This is a permissible activity if the apparatus can normally be used at an amateur station and is not done for profit by the offering individual on a regular basis~ A.601 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ D.Symbol D~ D.By using a balanced modulator followed by a filter~ B.7025 kHz to 7300 kHz~ B.15 lines per second~ What is meant by the term antenna gain?~ What is the meaning of the term transition region with regard to a transistor?~ B.81.47 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ A.The modern standard is 240 lines per minute~ B.A brief increase in VHF signal levels from meteor trails at E-layer height~ D.0.013~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-1 when L is 4 microhenrys and C is 8 picofarads?~ D.160 meters~ What is the schematic symbol for a unijunction transistor? (Please refer to Figure 4AF-2.14)~ C.13.3~ B.Quieting index~ C.18.4 kHz~ A.146.52 Hz~ B.15.9 MHz~ C.Area of the plates, voltage on the plates and the dielectric constant of the material between the plates~ A.The squelching of a signal until a critical signal-to-noise ratio is reached~ D.16.5 kHz~ D.A wave in which the positive and negative excursions occupy unequal portions of the cycle time~ B.It must be neutralized~ B.The specific impedance of the antenna~ D.That frequency at which the grounded gate current gain has decreased to 0.7 of that obtainable at 1 kHz in a transistor~ A.Facsimile~ D.Within 30 days of the administration date~ A.21.1 kHz~ D.Man-made noise~ D.Parasitic element~ D.7.12 kHz~ C.Manual or simplex operation~ D.Capture effect~ What is the physical length of a twin lead transmission feedline at 3.65 MHz? (assume a velocity factor of 0.80.)~ C.It can be tuned over a wide range~ D.R3 = 16 kilohms and V2 = 4 volts~ B.144.50-148.00 MHz~ D.The value of an AC voltage found by taking the square root of the average AC value~ B.270 degrees~ C.3 minutes~ C.To lower the Q~ B.To lower the losses~ C.Because of Eddy currents~ A.5 seconds~ C.15.9 kHz~ C.18.75 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ C.Reactive equilibrium~ What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit which has a resonant frequency of 7.1 MHz and a Q of 150?~ B.Through a capacitive divider~ B.0.0319~ C.A voltage pulse across a resistor~ B.165.5 volts~ B.It can be used with or without crystal lock-in~ D.68.2 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ D.0.2 MHz~ D.The polar regions~ What types of coupling occur between a dip-meter and a tuned circuit being checked?~ D.Alternately increase the plate current with the loading capacitor and dip the plate current with the tuning capacitor~ C.Xerography~ B.117 volts~ What is the Q of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-3 when the resonant frequency is 14.128 MHz, the inductance is 2.7 microhenrys and the resistance is 18,000 ohms?~ C.1500 Hz~ D.49.7 kHz~ A.Cosine voltage~ B.A repeater containing no special control circuitry to limit access to any licensed amateur~ B.By using a reactance modulator followed by a mixer~ What class of amplifier is distinguished by the flow of current in the output essentially in 180 degree pulses?~ What is one common use for PIN diodes?~ B.0.214~ D.All amateur frequency bands above 220.5 MHz, except 430-432 MHz and 434- 437 MHz~ C.A wave following the laws of the trigonometric tangent function~ D.All amateur frequency bands above 220.5 MHz, except 430-432 MHz and 434- 437 MHz~ What is a wave called which abruptly changes back and forth between two voltage levels and which remains an equal time at each level?~ A.All amateur frequency bands above 220.5 MHz, except 432-433 MHz and 436- 438 MHz~ B.As low as possible on the vertical radiator~ A.Harmonics are generated~ What special type of diode is often used in RF switches, attenuators, and various types of phase shifting devices?~ What is a trap antenna?~ C.Approximately 186,300 feet per second~ A.1.414~ B.0.1 MHz~ What is an advantage of using a trap antenna?~ A.Taft, Pierce and negative feedback~ B.25 picofarads~ B.Class B~ D.14.5 kHz~ C.4 microhenrys~ What is the term used to express that frequency at which the grounded base current gain has decreased to 0.7 of the gain obtainable at 1 kHz in a transistor?~ D.Beamwidth~ C.76 m (250 feet)~ A.22.1~ How can intermodulation interference between two transmitters in close proximity often be reduced or eliminated?~ B.14.4 ohms~ C.76 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ A.Point-to-point radio communications within a system of cooperating amateur stations~ Why do electromagnetic waves not penetrate a good conductor to any great extent?~ A.An Environmental Impact Statement~ C.A capacitor~ What frequencies are authorized for stations in auxiliary operation?~ B.A wave whose amplitude at any given instant can be represented by a point on a wheel rotating at a uniform speed~ D.Symbol D~ D.The current circulating in the parallel elements is zero~ What is the resonant frequency of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-1 when L is 50 microhenrys and C is 40 picofarads?~ C.Mixing with noise in the transition region of the diode~ C.Transmission of communications that facilitate the regular business or commercial affairs of any party~ C.In the ionosphere~ D.It may be used for multiband operation~ A.The modulation index increases as the RF carrier frequency (the modulated frequency) increases~ C.36.9 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ B.Class B~ D.By currents induced into the element from a surrounding electric field~ B.A wave with a straight line rise time faster than the fall time (or vice versa)~ B.14.1 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ What is the AC starting voltage for an NE-2 neon lamp?~ C.Automatic soft limiting and automatic squelching~ A.Line voltage stabilization~ What is the primary purpose of an RF amplifier in a receiver?~ B.True power~ What is the approximate DC input power to a Class AB RF power amplifier stage in an unmodulated carrier transmitter when the PEP output power is 500 watts?~ How many watts are being consumed in a circuit having a power factor of 0.6 when the input is 200-VAC and 5-amperes is being drawn?~ C.A filter with infinitely wide and shallow skirts made using quartz crystals~ D.Elliptical~ B.Gate, cathode and anode~ B.53.1 degrees with the voltage lagging the current~ A.The numerical ratio relating the radiated signal strength of an antenna to that of another antenna~ A.It prevents self-oscillation~ D.The modern standard is 60 lines per second~ D.An FM generator~ B.It can only be used for single band operation~ B.Measure the ratio of the signal strengths of the radiated power lobes from the front and rear of the antenna~ A.Symbol A~ D.Average voltage~ When the magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface of the earth, what is the polarization of the electromagnetic field?~ B.Ducting~ A.Intermodulation distortion~ How can parasitic oscillations be eliminated from a power amplifier?~ What type of linear regulator is used in applications requiring efficient utilization of the primary power source?~ A.Driven element~ C.2000~ C.20 words per minute~ A.If the employee is employed in the amateur radio sales part of the company~ How does the length of the reflector element of a parasitic element beam antenna compare with that of the driven element?~ A.1/4 wavelength~ D.As VHF and UHF mixers and detectors~ A.A high sunspot level~ D.When passing international third-party communications~ What two elements widely used in semiconductor devices exhibit both metallic and non-metallic characteristics?~ B.A station in beacon operation~ B.Increased intelligibility~ A.It is about 5% longer~ C.Root mean square~ A.To swamp out harmonics~ How can the antenna efficiency of an HF grounded vertical antenna be made comparable to that of a half-wave antenna?~ B.All amateur frequency bands above 220.5 MHz, except 431-432 MHz and 435- 437 MHz~ D.The transistor's Beta is at its maximum value~ C.Receiver quieting~ How are junction diodes rated?~ D.When the signals from the transmitters are reflected in phase from airplanes passing overhead~ D.The VE may be restricted to administering only Novice class license examinations~ D.117-V AC~ How can even-order harmonics be reduced or prevented in transmitter amplifier design?~ C.A wave that makes four zero crossings per cycle~ D.Radiation resistance plus ohmic resistance~ What is the audio frequency for white in an amateur slow-scan television picture?~ What are the three terminals of an SCR?~ D.Improved radiation efficiency~ C.F3F~ In a half-wave antenna, where are the current nodes?~ C.5 millihenrys~ C.The modulation of a carrier~ What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through the circuit in Figure 4AE-6, when Xc is 75 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and Xl is 50 ohms?~ C.22.3 kHz~ What is the schematic symbol for a varactor diode? (Please refer to Figure 4AF-1.10)~ D.21025 kHz to 21250 kHz and 21270 kHz to 21450 kHz~ C.They must prepare the examination from material contained in a question pool maintained by the local FCC field office~ C.A linear amplification mode~ A.Symbol A~ A.The electric field is bent into a circular shape~ C.A reduction in receiver sensitivity because of a strong signal on a nearby frequency~ B.To generate a frequency standard~ How can a neon lamp be used to check for the presence of RF?~ What is the principal characteristic of a tunnel diode?~ What is the deviation ratio of an FM-phone signal having a maximum frequency swing of plus or minus 7.5 kHz and accepting a maximum modulation rate of 3.5 kHz?~ A.Negative feedback~ C.Collector load~ B.Voltage reference~ D.NPN conduction and PNP conduction~ B.Mixer blanking occurs~ A.Within one week of the administration date~ A.A decrease in modulation level of transmitted signals~ D.2.73~ What is the result of cross-modulation?~ D.A current flows when the device is exposed to a light source~ What is the effective radiated power of a station in repeater operation with 150 watts transmitter power output, 4 dB feedline loss, 3 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 7 dB antenna gain?~ D.53.1 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ D.Maximum current flows from emitter to collector~ B.Approximately 1250 watts~ D.SSTV and CW~ What is the principle of a trap antenna?~ C.The presence of a strong signal on a nearby frequency~ C.Linear voltage regulator~ D.160 meters~ A.A minimum of 19 correct answers~ C.A shunt regulator~ C.The diameter of the conductor~ B.A receiver demodulator~ C.At the saturation point~ A.A neon lamp will go out in the presence of RF~ C.The speech characteristics~ D.The fundamental frequency and all harmonics~ D.To directly measure wavelength~ D.Approximately 300 million miles per second~ B.A frequency marker generator~ C.Symbol C~ C.It increases the current handling capability~ A.60 volts and 20 mA~ B.Breakdown of the Zener voltage~ B.44.9 kHz~ A.It is at a minimum~ B.Propagation in a medium with a high refractive index~ C.Surge impedance~ B.Remote control of model airplanes or boats using frequencies above 50.1 MHz~ B.Man-made noise~ D.Field effect transistor~ A.F3F~ A.In the detector~ D.88 microfarads~ A.Reflected waves at a specific frequency desensitize the detector coil~ B.RF energy moves slower along the coaxial cable~ B.7.35~ B.Emitter bypass~ How tight should the dip-meter be coupled with the tuned circuit being checked?~ A.Adjust the loading capacitor to maximum capacitance and then dip the plate current with the tuning capacitor~ D.It must have negative feedback sufficient to cancel the input~ In Figure 4AE-9, what values of V2 and R3 result in the same voltage and current characteristics as when V1 is 12-volts, R1 is 20 kilohms, and R2 is 20 kilohms?~ C.29.5-29.7 MHz~ D.5 microhenrys~ What is the term used to express the ratio of change in DC collector current to a change in emitter current in a bipolar transistor?~ What is the term used for an equivalent resistance which would dissipate the same amount of energy as that radiated from an antenna?~ C.Electrolytic and point contact~ C.25 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ A.The letters A through Z, 0 through 9, the period, the comma, the question mark, AR, SK, BT and DN~ A.Approximately equal to the circuit resistance~ B.Facsimile~ B.As tightly as possible, for best accuracy~ C.10.5 MHz~ What is the peak-to-peak voltage at a common household electrical outlet?~ B.North~ A.As a constant current source~ Why is the value of the radiation resistance of an antenna important?~ C.Coil impedance, electromagnet voltage and movement mass~ D.15 kHz at -6 dB~ What is the most the actual transmitter frequency could differ from a reading of 432,100,000-Hertz on a frequency counter with a time base accuracy of +/- 1.0 ppm?~ B.It is about 5% shorter~ What is the minimum passing score on a written examination element for the Novice operator license?~ B.When the control operator is employed by the FCC~ D.By operating class AB~ C.Federal Aviation Administration and Environmental Protection Agency~ D.Kinetic energy~ How much gain should be used in the RF amplifier stage of a receiver?~ C.Conductance~ B.Symbol B~ C.By dividing the apparent power by the power factor~ C.An SCR~ A.631 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ How many watts are being consumed in a circuit having a power factor of 0.2 when the input is 100-VAC and 4-amperes is being drawn?~ A.Provisions must be made to limit transmissions to no more than 3 minutes if the control link malfunctions~ A.37.6 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ B.10.8 kHz~ C.The area of maximum N-type charge~ C.It is equally pronounced at both narrow and wide bandwidths~ D.Gate, source and sink~ B.Because the RF resistance of the conductor is much less than the DC resistance~ A.Approximately 2.0 volts~ D.A device used to generate wideband random frequencies~ C.The modern standard is 150 lines per second~ D.Collector bypass~ C.0.136~ D.5 minutes~ A.A varactor diode~ A.Sweep oscillator quality and deflection amplifier bandwidth~ B.With a reactance modulator on the oscillator~ B.Maximum voltage and minimum current~ D.An inductor~ B.A3C~ C.Forward conducting and reverse conducting~ B.The area of maximum P-type charge~ A.Supplies needed, on a routine schedule~ A.L-network~ C.10.3 ohms~ B.Provisions must be made to limit transmissions to no more than 4 minutes if the control link malfunctions~ What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit which has a resonant frequency of 18.1 MHz and a Q of 195?~ B.3.54 kHz~ What is the flywheel effect?~ A.Effective radiated power~ B.Varactor and rectifying~ B.A device used to produce a highly accurate reference frequency~ B.In the receiver front end~ C.Remote control of model airplanes or boats using frequencies above 29.5 MHz~ Why should an HF mobile antenna loading coil have a high ratio of reactance to resistance?~ What must an amateur operator obtain from the FCC before constructing or altering an antenna structure more than 200 feet high?~ A.Maximum and minimum input voltage, minimum output current and voltage~ D.Resistance~ B.Because the conductor resistance is low compared to the radiation resistance~ C.At D-layer height~ C.The frequency at which capacitive reactance equals inductive reactance~ C.No current flows from emitter to collector~ A.The transmission of characters by radioteletype that form a picture when printed~ In what region of the world is sporadic-E most prevalent?~ D.Vertical~ Which of the following repeater operating and technical parameters are not the responsibility of the area frequency coordinator?~ C.Class C~ What is meant by the term antenna bandwidth?~ In what direction is the magnetic field about a conductor when current is flowing?~ C.It must have positive feedback sufficient to overcome losses~ A.A circuit that acts as a variable resistance or capacitance to produce FM signals~ What are the frequency privileges authorized to the Advanced operator in the 15-meter wavelength band?~ A.Resistive and inductive~ C.A sine wave~ D.Input, output and ground~ C.Capture effect~ B.Approximately 5-V AC RMS~ D.Pierce~ B.Transmissions ensuring safety on a highway, such as calling a commercial tow truck service~ D.Hum filtering~ D.Class AB~ A.36.8~ C.Symbol C~ D.150 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ D.The applicant's ability to send text in international Morse code at a rate of not less than 13 words per minute~ D.The voltage is less at the top~ D.In the electromagnetic field in the conductor center~ A.Always the rearmost element~ B.The repeater is actuated by a telephone control link~ C.With a reactance modulator on the final amplifier~ A.The junction diode~ In Figure 4AG-11, what is the purpose of R?~ A.A station transmitting control signals to a model craft~ B.The transistor is at its operating point~ C.3 volts to 2000 volts~ A.A3F~ A.You are not allowed to sell or trade equipment on the air~ D.A regulator containing a voltage reference, error amplifier, sensing resistors and transistors, and a pass element~ B.Mechanical deformation of a crystal by the application of a magnetic field~ B.Alternately increase the plate current with the tuning capacitor and dip the plate current with the loading capacitor~ D.Control link~ B.By using a crystal oscillator as the time base and increasing the vertical sweep rate~ D.The amount of current~ D.23~ D.It is greater~ B.By interacting with the earth's magnetic field~ C.It is one-half as long~ B.The sum, difference and square root of the input frequencies~ Under what circumstances, if any, may amateur operators accept payment for using their own stations (other than a club station) to send messages?~ B.In the center of the conductor~ What is the transistor called which is fabricated as two complementary SCRs in parallel with a common gate terminal?~ B.All amateur frequency bands above 220.5 MHz, except 431-432 MHz and 435- 437 MHz~ B.14.652 kHz~ D.Only after review and subsequent approval by the VEC~ B.Interference to other services~ In Figure 4AG-11, what is the purpose of C1?~ C.5.31 MHz~ A.By producing a double sideband signal with a balanced modulator and then removing the unwanted sideband by filtering~ D.RTTY and AM~ A.Approximately 900 watts~ D.No identification is needed in digital transmissions~ C.By increasing the receiver's RF gain while decreasing the AF gain~ C.It is too sharply directional at the lower amateur frequencies~ D.146.00-148.00 MHz~ C.Inverse L-network~ B.SSB~ D.159 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ B.A neon lamp will change color in the presence of RF~ D.Emitter follower~ B.Digital identification is not allowed~ B.Seeburg Effect~ How do the responsibilities of the control operator of a station under automatic control differ from one under local control?~ What are the distinguishing features of a Butterworth filter?~ A.A cosine wave~ D.223 kHz~ C.Approximately 2500 watts~ A.Desensitization~ A.Hot carrier and tunnel~ B.Just above the saturation point~ What is the major cause of selective fading?~ A.By using a triggered sweep and a crystal oscillator as the time base~ C.Draw two imaginary lines through the ends of the elements and measure the angle between the lines~ B.Knowing the radiation resistance makes it possible to measure the near- field radiation density from a transmitting antenna~ C.A network used to generate a leading phase angle~ C.Adjacent channel interference~ A.Output coupling~ C.A station in auxiliary operation~ B.At the center~ C.A minimum of 21 correct answers~ Which of the following types of amateur communications is not a "prohibited transmission" as defined in Part 97?~ B.A constant voltage under conditions of varying current~ A.A Phase Inverter Load network~ A.Automatic squelching and increased selectivity~ A.28.1 kHz~ What is the term for the phenomenon where most of an RF current flows along the surface of the conductor?~ C.By feeding back an out-of-phase component of the output to the input~ B.The fundamental frequency and all even harmonics~ D.1.4652 kHz~ A.2.4 volts to 200 volts~ B.63.2 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ B.High Q~ B.A regulator that supplies three voltages at a constant current~ C.It uses elliptic functions~ C.Linear retransmission~ What is the modern standard scan rate for a facsimile picture transmitted by an amateur station?~ A.Antenna length divided by the number of elements~ D.Measure the ratio of the signal strengths of the radiated power lobes from the front and side of the antenna~ What type of bias is required for an LED to produce luminescence?~ What is the most the actual transmitter frequency could differ from a reading of 146,520,000-Hertz on a frequency counter with a time base accuracy of +/- 1.0 ppm?~ What value capacitor would be required to tune a 20-microhenry inductor to resonate in the 80-meter wavelength band?~ B.It provides fixed bias for Q1~ B.A minimum of 22 correct answers~ A.0.707 times the fundamental frequency~ C.It has a negative resistance region~ B.7.51~ A.The phenomenon where RF current flows in a thinner layer of the conductor, close to the surface, as frequency increases~ A.Because there is a phase angle that is greater than zero between the current and voltage~ How much farther does the radio-path horizon distance exceed the geometric horizon?~ B.As a variable capacitance in an automatic frequency control circuit~ What are electromagnetic waves?~ C.By shortening the vertical~ C.Joules-coulombs~ What is a frequency discriminator?~ D.Approximately 10.0 volts~ A.The value of an AC voltage found by squaring the average value of the peak AC voltage~ D.379 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ D.10~ How is an F3E FM-phone emission produced?~ What is the Q of the circuit in Figure 4AE-5-3 when the resonant frequency is 3.625 MHz, the inductance is 42 microhenrys and the resistance is 220 ohms?~ C.It has a maximally flat response over its passband~ A.946 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ D.53.1 degrees with the voltage leading the current~ A.The FCC~ A.Symbol A~ Why is a dip-meter used by many amateur operators?~ C.The current is greater at the top~ C.189 Hz~ What does the power factor equal in an R-L circuit having a 60 degree phase angle between the voltage and the current?~ C.Minimum voltage and minimum current~ What is an advantage of using top loading in a shortened HF vertical antenna?~ A.The use of a control operator who directly manipulates the operating adjustments~ What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through the circuit in Figure 4AE-6, when Xc is 25 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and Xl is 50 ohms?~ B.1.78 MHz~ What is the cause of auroral activity?~ A.By installing a good ground radial system~ C.A fading effect caused by large changes in the height of the ionosphere, as experienced at the receiving station~ C.Image rejection and selectivity~ A.It is more pronounced at wide bandwidths~ B.The ratio of the maximum carrier frequency deviation to the highest audio modulating frequency~ B.R3 = 30 kilohms and V2 = 12 volts~ C.Power lost because of capacitor leakage~ What is the capture effect?~ B.It has high gain~ D.44.9 kHz~ B.A repeater available for use only by members of a club or repeater group~ A.That frequency at which the grounded base current gain has decreased to 0.7 of that obtainable at 1 kHz in a transistor~ Why does the radio-path horizon distance exceed the geometric horizon?~ A.Layer effect~ C.Deviation ratio~ B.Class B~ D.With a balanced modulator on the oscillator~ B.3.18 kHz~ C.By using a loop modulator followed by a mixer~ C.Junction diode~ C.It decouples the output~ B.To measure antenna resonance and to measure percentage of modulation~ D.1/60 second per frame at 240 lpm~ D.Elliptical~ C.Watts~ A.Note the two points where the signal strength of the antenna is down 3 dB from the maximum signal point and compute the angular difference~ What class of amplifier is distinguished by the bias being set well beyond cutoff?~ B.37.5 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ B.A highly sensitive antenna with maximum gain in all directions~ C.When it is gated "off"~ What happens in a dip-meter when it is too tightly coupled with the tuned circuit being checked?~ A.The fundamental frequency and all prime harmonics~ B.T-network, M-network and Q-network~ What does it mean for a transistor to be cut off?~ C.Approximately 6 seconds per frame at 240 lpm~ What factors limit the accuracy, frequency response, and stability of a frequency counter?~ D.Beta~ A.300 ohms~ C.When transmitting international third-party communications~ D.It becomes flat~ B.Manual retransmission~ Under what conditions does resonance occur in an electrical circuit?~ A.Only when the station licensee is present~ B.Calibration, series resistance and electromagnet current~ D.Phase shift~ What is meant by referring to electromagnetic waves as horizontally polarized?~ C.The VE's amateur station license may be revoked and the operator's license suspended~ A.It matches a small impedance range~ B.R3 = 40 kilohms and V2 = 6 volts~ B.2000 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ B.R3 = 8 kilohms and V2 = 4 volts~ A.Efficiency = ( radiation resistance / transmission resistance ) X 100%~ D.Inverse-Pi network~ A.Dynamic response~ C.432.1 Hz~ A.25~ What is a product detector?~ C.They are the most efficient radiators~ B.A wave consisting of two electric fields at right angles to each other~ In Figure 4AE-9, what values of V2 and R3 result in the same voltage and current characteristics as when V1 is 12-volts, R1 is 20 kilohms, and R2 is 10 kilohms?~ B.Beta~ B.2000 Hz~ B.Approximately 500 miles~ C.Decrease the receiver squelch gain~ A.10.5 meters~ C.Because earth-induced currents add to its radiated power~ How can a single-sideband phone signal be produced?~ A.In the audio amplifier~ D.With a soldered jumper wire between the meter and the circuit to be checked, for best accuracy~ What type of emission results when a single sideband transmitter is used for slow-scan television?~ What is the term used to refer to a reduction in receiver sensitivity caused by unwanted high-level adjacent channel signals?~ C.60 watts, assuming the antenna gain is referenced to a half-wave dipole~ A.Modulated CW~ D.They require no calculations~ A station in auxiliary operation may only communicate with which stations?~ How many lines are there in each frame of an amateur slow-scan television picture?~ "4AA-1.1 ","A",0,15411,87705,84881,94639,104196 "4AA-1.2 ","B",0,62019,56449,108469,82075,29490 "4AA-1.3 ","D",0,22691,101186,12938,96005,106600 "4AA-1.4 ","C",0,124563,107241,42390,26433,117340 "4AA-2.1 ","A",0,62971,11493,125383,14291,12798 "4AA-2.2 ","D",0,92601,62755,133809,129302,7908 "4AA-2.3 ","B",0,63161,133823,46711,19035,104777 "4AA-2.4 ","A",0,50124,125534,116157,128576,26817 "4AA-3.1 ","D",0,75343,54159,105849,110126,77683 "4AA-3.2 ","A",0,76566,25717,111446,40850,35947 "4AA-3.3 ","C",0,34352,34718,101403,120687,54420 "4AA-3.4 ","D",0,124222,28273,97258,92969,19316 "4AA-3.5 ","C",0,69608,8083,41923,48198,24943 "4AA-3.6 ","A",0,31328,68811,132593,87151,15816 "4AA-3.7 ","D",0,102980,7344,18314,42881,98536 "4AA-3.8 ","A",0,37874,71775,110516,102224,127503 "4AA-3.9 ","B",0,98630,41218,79709,24417,106453 "4AA-3.10 ","A",0,80064,47683,56803,15067,52683 "4AA-4.1 ","D",0,97341,30203,120087,124239,62189 "4AA-4.2 ","A",0,41229,113035,54341,36579,88223 "4AA-4.3 ","B",0,135580,14247,82912,11709,23429 "4AA-4.4 ","C",0,113170,26542,53344,44991,112067 "4AA-5.1 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","A",0,10312,80731,34503,103324,128072 "4AA-19.4 ","B",0,85232,116508,85572,71489,17544 "4AA-20.1 ","C",0,21982,24938,89631,137190,117918 "4AA-20.2 ","D",0,43157,95331,53110,106557,13607 "4AB-1.1 ","D",0,78506,125064,96026,33799,22310 "4AB-1.2 ","A",0,129810,109799,108276,125857,116302 "4AB-1.3 ","B",0,27560,90191,86980,136844,134231 "4AB-1.4 ","B",0,25185,101199,45534,114396,107632 "4AB-1.5 ","C",0,42437,15261,23463,108697,82216 "4AB-2.1 ","D",0,31024,78294,9792,103918,81690 "4AB-2.2 ","B",0,7603,39829,111121,85205,99989 "4AB-2.3 ","C",0,136240,49099,10164,24911,13881 "4AB-2.4 ","C",0,47457,87173,137404,114843,77428 "4AB-2.5 ","D",0,117558,93341,43309,29851,82195 "4AC-1.1 ","C",0,24154,48739,111520,93282,58205 "4AC-1.2 ","D",0,28080,27038,118002,19074,45919 "4AC-1.3 ","A",0,124886,21872,102805,63582,112439 "4AC-1.4 ","B",0,11638,33743,36378,73592,120599 "4AC-1.5 ","A",0,87825,65348,102057,43743,84141 "4AC-2.1 ","B",0,45870,108621,56006,135798,53104 "4AC-2.2 ","C",0,36150,104107,30482,33337,135714 "4AC-2.3 ","D",0,128673,77313,108949,56886,68193 "4AC-2.4 ","B",0,16734,91520,63390,82777,120568 "4AC-2.5 ","A",0,108049,133266,21538,126515,10869 "4AC-3.1 ","D",0,20654,71590,109026,44885,49259 "4AC-3.2 ","C",0,132537,117180,33742,59972,79145 "4AC-3.3 ","B",0,24146,70736,124154,74750,75711 "4AC-3.4 ","D",0,22536,57310,86673,128337,16418 "4AC-3.5 ","A",0,28710,87457,61992,104465,128990 "4AC-4.1 ","D",0,133315,48663,66160,53583,29298 "4AC-4.2 ","A",0,131088,91859,32367,37163,32243 "4AC-4.3 ","B",0,106330,14372,138119,88094,19755 "4AC-4.4 ","C",0,14348,77570,17657,22932,51902 "4AC-4.5 ","A",0,97087,86817,15157,67918,40725 "4AD-1.1 ","B",0,35622,8556,126776,108075,26149 "4AD-1.2 ","A",0,30294,15438,99256,25649,124613 "4AD-1.3 ","B",0,12231,8895,92749,85773,121327 "4AD-1.4 ","A",0,32570,31222,122818,69544,48314 "4AD-1.5 ","D",0,43835,14766,121336,103023,52721 "4AD-1.6 ","C",0,130519,74671,130368,71137,54560 "4AD-1.7 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