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Abstract ~~~~ Have you ever wanted to talk with other computer users in other parts of the world? Well guess what... You can! The program is called IRC, (Internet Relay Chat), and it is networked much over North America, Asia Europe, and Oceania. This program is a substitution for 'talk', and many other multiple talk programs you might have read about. When you are talking on IRC, everything you type will instantly be transmitted around the world to other users that might be watching their terminals at the time, they can then type something and respond to your messages, and vice versa. I should warn you that the program can be very addictive once you begin to make friends and contacts on IRC, especially when you learn how to discuss in 14 languages... Topics of discussion on IRC are varied, just like the topics of Usenet newsgroups are varied. Technical and political discussions are popular, especially when world events are in progress. IRC is also a way to expand your horizons, as people from many countries and cultures are on, 24 hours a day. Most conversations are in English, but there are always channels in German, Japanese, French, Finnish, and occasionally other languages. IRC gained international fame during the late Persian Gulf War, when updates from around the world came across the wire, and most people on IRC gathered on a single channel to hear these reports. CONTENTS ~~~~~ 1. Getting started 1.1 Clients and Servers 1.2 How to Behave on IRC 1.3 Privacy on IRC 1.4 First Steps 1.5 Screen and Keyboard activity 2. Let's go! 2.1 General Commands 2.2 Communication and Private Conversations 2.3 Channels and Public Conversations 2.4 Channel and User Modes 2.5 Client to Client Protocol 2.6 Network Related Commands 2.7 Quick Reference Panel 2.8 Further into ircII Wizardry 2.9 Sample .ircrc 2.10 Writing Automatons 3. Frequently Asked Questions 3.1 How do I set up an IRC client? 3.2 Which server do I connect to? 3.3 What are good channels to try while using IRC? 3.4 How do I get nifty effects with ircII? 3.5 What if someone tells me to type something cryptic? 3.6 I get strange characters on my screen, what are they? 3.7 What about NickServ? 3.8 I'm being flooded and harassed by a jerk. Help! 3.9 How do I get rid of a ghosted IRC session? 3.10 About KILL usage. 3.11 Where can I find more? 4. Administrativia 4.1 Revision history 4.2 Release sites for the IRCprimer 4.3 Copyright (C) 1993 Nicolas PIOCH 4.4 Credits List of Tables -------------- Table 1: Editing keys Table 2: Editing commands Table 3: Simple screen activity Table 4: General commands Table 5: Private conversation commands Table 6: Channel commands Table 7: Mode commands Table 8: Channel modes Table 9: User modes Table 10: Client to client commands Table 11: Network related commands Table 12: Setting environment tables Table 13: Environment variables Table 14: Advanced commands Table 15: FTP sites with IRC clients Table 16: Open telnet IRC clients Table 17: Open IRC servers Table 18: Highlighting ircII output Table 19: Nordic countries character translations Table 20: IRC related mailing lists Table 21: IRCprimer release sites 1. GETTING STARTED ================== 1.1 Clients and Servers ~~~~~~~~~~~~ IRC (original code was written by Jarkko Oikarinen) is a multi-user, multi-channel chatting network. It allows people all over the internet to talk to one another in real-time. It is a functional replacement and improvement to 'talk'; 'talk' is an old, primitive, atrocious, minimalist sort of keyboard/screen conversation tool, using a grotesque, machine- dependent protocol (blah!). IRC does everything 'talk' does, but with better protocol, allowing more than 2 users to talk at once, with access across the aggregate Internet, and providing a whole raft of other useful features. There are two ways to enter IRC from a Unix system. If you are using the emacs (editor from Richard Stallman and the Free Software Foundation) lisp client, you just have to type "M-x irc", (if this doesn't work you may need to load the client into your emacs session). If you are using the C client, (easier for beginners), then you usually type "irc". Non-Unix boxes have special clients, each of which has to be configured using a special procedure. Check the manual or help screen for more information. If you wish to be known by a nickname which is not your login name, type "irc nickname" instead. Each IRC user, ("client"), chooses a nickname. All communication with another user is either by nickname or by the channel that they or you are on (more information about channels later on). The most important thing to remember about IRC is that you have to be willing to explore and learn to use it... Take you time, try not to get flustered, enjoy yourself, and you will soon be making new friends all over the world! IRC is based on a client-server model. Clients are programs that connect to a server, a server is a program that transports data, (messages), from a user client to another. There are clients running on many different systems, (Unix, emacs, VMS, MSDOS, VM...), that allow you to connect to an IRC server. The client which will be spoken of here is the most widespread: ircII, (originally designed by Michael Sandrof). Other clients are similar, and often accept ircII commands. 1.2 How to behave on IRC ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The most widely understood and spoken language on IRC is English. However, as IRC is used in many different countries, English is by no means the only language. If you want to speak some other language than English, (for example with your friends), go to a separate channel and set the topic to indicate that. On the other hand, you should check the topic before you move to a channel to see if there are any restrictions about language. On a non-restricted channel, please speak a language everybody can understand. If you want to do otherwise,change channels and set the topic accordingly. It's not necessary to greet everybody on a channel personally. Usually one "Hello!" or equivalent is enough. And don't expect everybody to greet you back... On a channel with 20 people that would mean one screenful of hellos. It's sensible not to greet, in order not to be rude to the rest of the channel. If you must say hello to somebody you know, do it with a private message. The same applies to goodbyes. Also note that using your client facilities, (ircII "ON" command for instance), to automatically say hello or goodbye to people is extremely poor etiquette. Nobody wants to receive autogreets. They are not only obviously automatic, but even if you think you are polite you are actually sounding insincere and also interfering with the personal environment of the recipient when using autogreets. If somebody wants to be autogreeted on joining a channel, he will autogreet himself. Remember, people on IRC form their opinions about you only by your actions, writings and comments, so think before you type. If you use offensive words, you'll be frowned upon. Do not "dump" to a channel or user, (send large amounts of unwanted information). This is likely to get you kicked off the channel or killed off from IRC. Dumping causes network "burps", connections going down because servers cannot handle the large amount of traffic anymore. Other prohibited actions include: * Harassing another user. Harassment is defined as behavior towards another user with the purpose of annoying them. * Annoying a channel with constant beeping. * Any behavior reducing the functionality of IRC. 1.3 Privacy on IRC ~~~~~~~~~~ You should always keep in mind that messages you send to someone over IRC are passed along all the servers between you and and the person you are writing to. When you're sending a letter to someone, any postman on the way could open it and read its contents... Well, it's the same on the network. Any IRC-Admin could compile its server in "debug" mode and log whatever messages are transmitted through his node, (it has already been done), so a good thumb rule is not to trust the servers. +-------------------------------------------+ | IRC IS NOT A SECURE WAY OF COMMUNICATION! | +-------------------------------------------+ How to establish direct communications between clients will be explained later, (see DCC CHAT in section 2.5). This should be used when you wouldn't want anybody else on IRC to intercept your private messages. 1.4 First Steps ~~~~~~~~ Note: ircII, the client most people are using, has most of this information online. If you are stuck, type "/HELP" and hit <return>. To escape from HELP mode, keep pressing <return> until your edit line, (the line at the bottom of the screen), is empty. Most of the information in this file can be found typing these commands: "/HELP INTRO" or "/HELP NEWUSER". +------------------------------------------------+ | All ircII commands begin with a "/" character. | +------------------------------------------------+ The slash is the default command character. Commands are not case sensitive, and can be abbreviated to their first letters: "/SI" and "/sign <text>" stand for /SIGNOFF and will both end your IRC session, (more in section 2.1). Anything that does not begin with "/" is assumed to be a message to someone and will be sent to your current channel, or to a person you are QUERYing, (the QUERY command will be detailed later on, maybe even section 2.2). If you are not sure about the spelling of an ircII command, type the prefix of that command, and press the ESCape key twice; ircII will give you a listing of commands and aliases that start with that prefix. Don't forget the "/" in front of the command though. /W <ESC><ESC> *** Commands: *** WAIT WALL WALLOPS WHICH *** WHILE WHO WHOIS WHOWAS *** WINDOW *** Aliases: *** W This is an example. Your screen may show more aliases, and less commands than shown here, or less aliases and more commands - in other words "your mileage may vary"... 1.5 Screen and Keyboard activity ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ IRC is a full-screen utility. It takes over the screen, with the bulk of activity happening in the top (N-2) lines, a status line, (vaguely emacs-like), on the next to last line, and your input being entered on the last line. When typing commands at ircII, you have a minimalist line-editing facility in an emacs style. Table 1: Editing keys ---------------------- Key Effects ~~ ~~~~ ^P recalls previous command line ^N recalls next command line ^F moves forward one character ^B moves backward one character ^A moves the cursor to the beginning of the line ^E moves the cursor to the end of the line ^D deletes the character under the cursor ^K kills from the cursor to the end ^Y reinserts the last stretch of killed text ^U clears the whole line ^L redraws the screen Table 2: Editing commands -------------------------- Keyword Action ~~~~ ~~~ ! recalls previous commands for re-editing HISTORY displays the command history LASTLOG lists the most recent messages CLEAR puts some white space on your screen The ! command is used to recall previous commands in your command history for re-execution. The ! command is unique in that when it is used, it leaves the matching history entry in the input line for re-editing. You can specify a history entry either by its number in the history list, or by a match with a given wildcard expression. For instance, "/!10" will put entry 10 in the history list into the input line. "/!/MSG" will search the history for a line beginning with a /MSG, (a "*" is implied at the end). /![<history number>|<history match>] Recalls previous commands for re-editing. The command history can be dumped using: /HISTORY [<number>] Displays the command history on the screen. You can specify the number of history entries you wish to view as well. Almost everything happens in the upper bulk of the screen. This includes both messages from other users, as well as the output of the control commands. Normal messages from other users appear with the originating nickname in <angle brackets>. Private messages arrive with the originating nickname in *asterisks*. Messages you send to everyone appear with a preceding "> " whereas messages you send privately to another user appear with "-> *nickname*". Other output (invitations from other users to join channels, and so forth), appears interspersed with other activity on the screen. Table 3: Simple screen activity -------------------------------- What is displayed What you typed Sender Recipients ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~ > Morning people Morning, people You Channel <some1else> hello some1else Channel -> *some1else* hi! /msg some1else hi! You some1else (only) *some1else* wassup? some1else You (only) Last ircII outputs can be recalled with: /LASTLOG [<number of entries>|<text> [<from entry>]] Displays the contents of the lastlog. This is a list of the most recent messages that have appeared on the screen, useful if you inadvertantly miss messages. If no arguments are given, the entire lastlog is displayed. If the first argument is a number, it determines how many log entries to show. Otherwise it is searched for in every lastlog entry. The second argument determines how many lines back to start display from. Example: /LASTLOG > Public message I send to all in the channel <some1else> Public message from some1else *some1else* Private message sent to me by some1else -> *some1else* Private message I send to some1else Finally, if your screen gets garbage from a 'talk', 'write', 'wall' or any other form of primitive communication (smirk), hit ^L to redraw it, or CLEAR it. /CLEAR Clears the screen. 2. LET'S GO! ============ 2.1 General Commands ~~~~~~~~~~~ Table 4: General commands -------------------------- Keyword Action ~~~~ ~~~ NICK changes your nickname QUIT exits your IRC session, (same as BYE, SIGNOFF and EXIT) HELP prints help on the given command WHOIS displays information about someone WHOWAS displays information about someone who just left AWAY leaves a message saying you're not paying attention /NICK [<nickname>] Changes your nickname to whatever you like. Everyone who wants to talk to you sees this name - also, at the moment, nicknames are limited to 9 characters max. Your nickname will be the same as your login name by default. You can also set an environment variable, IRCNICK, the value of which will be used instead. Nickname clashes are not allowed; this is enforced by the servers. If your intended nickname clashes with someone else's as you enter IRC, you will not be able to enter until you change it to something else. /NICK Nappy *** Nap is now known as Nappy /QUIT [<reason>] Exits your IRC session. You can also use BYE, SIGNOFF and EXIT. If a reason is supplied, it is displayed to other people on your channels. /QUIT Lunch Time! poly ~ > /HELP [<command>] Shows help on the given command. /HELP HELP Usage: HELP [command] Shows help on the given command. The help documentation is set up in a hierarchical fashion. That means that certain help topics have sub-topics under them. [boring stuff deleted] /WHOIS [<nickname>] Shows information about someone. /WHOIS Nap *** Nap is pioch@poly.polytechnique.fr (Klein bottle for sale... inquire within.) *** on channels: @#Twilight_Zone @#EU-Opers *** on via server poly.polytechnique.fr (Ecole Polytechnique, Paris, FRANCE ! ) *** Nap has a connection to the twilight zone (is an IRC operator) *** Nap has been idle 0 seconds /WHOIS Nappy *** Nappy: No such nickname Sometimes WHOIS won't help you much, because the person you want to know more about just left IRC or changed nick. However, you can use WHOWAS to get this information for a while: /WHOWAS [[<server>] <nickname>] Shows information about who used the given nickname last, even if no one is currently using it. /WHOWAS Nappy *** Nappy was pioch@poly.polytechnique.fr (Artistic ventures highlighted. Rob a museum.) on channel *private* *** on irc via server poly.polytechnique.fr (Signoff: Mon Jun 22 20:15:23) Very often, an unsuccess call to WHOIS will lead you to try WHOWAS. That's why ircII allows you to "/SET AUTO_WHOWAS ON"; that way, a "*** <nickname>: No such nickname" message will automagically generate a "/WHOWAS <nickname>". Try typing "/HELP SET AUTO_WHOWAS" for more information on this topic. /AWAY [<away message>] Leave a message explaining that you are not currently paying attention to IRC. Whenever someone sends you a MSG or does a WHOIS on you, they automatically see whatever message you set. Using AWAY with no parameters marks you as no longer being away. /AWAY Gone to get a cup of coffee. *** You have been marked as being away /AWAY *** You are no longer marked as being away 2.2 Communication and Private Conversation ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Table 5: Private conversation commands -------------------------------------- Keyword Action ~~~~ ~~~ MSG sends a private message QUERY starts a private conversation NOTICE sends a private message NOTIFY warns you of people logging in or out IRC IGNORE removes output from specific people off your screen You can use the MSG command, (usually "M" is an alias for it), to send someone a message that only that person can read. /MSG <nickname>|<channel> <text> Send a private message to specified nickname. /MSG Nap This message is for Nap only. -> *Nap* This message is for Nap only. On my screen will appear: *YourNick* This message is for Nap only. If you want to send a private message to more than one person, you can specify a list of nicknames separated by commas, (no spaces). /MSG Nap,Sorg This message for both Nap and Sorg. -> *Nap* This message for both Nap and Sorg. -> *Sorg* This message for both Nap and Sorg. Two special case nicknames are defined. If the nickname is "," (a comma), the message is sent to the last person who sent you a MSG. If the nickname is "." (a period), the message is sent to the last person to whom you sent a message. You can have a private conversation by only using /MSG. However, typing "/MSG <nick> <text>" or "/MSG . <text>" gets cumbersome. That's where the /QUERY command comes in handy. /QUERY [<nickname>|<channel>] Starts a private conversation with <nickname>. All text you type that would normally be sent to your channel now goes to the supplied nickname in the form of MSGs. To cancel a private conversation, use QUERY with no arguments. /QUERY Nap *** Starting conversation with Nap Blahblahblah -> *Nap* Blahblahblah /QUERY *** Ending conversation with Nap There is also another command to send messages, called NOTICE. Unlike MSGs, NOTICEs are surrounded by '-' when printed, and no automated responses, (such as generated by IGNORE or an automaton), will be sent in reply. Services, (robots), on IRC often use this form of interaction. /NOTICE <nickname>|<channel> <text> Sends a private message to the specified <nickname>. /NOTICE Nap Better use /MSG instead of /NOTICE. -> -Nap- Better use /MSG instead of /NOTICE. On my screen will appear: -YourNick- Better use /MSG instead of /NOTICE. As you begin to make new friends over IRC, you'll want to mark certain nicknames such that you will be warned when they signon or off. /NOTIFY [[-]<nickname>] Adds or removes <nickname> to the list of people you'll be warned when they enter or quit IRC (in ircII versions prior to 2.2, too many people in the NOTIFY list cause excessive slowness). /NOTIFY Nap Nappy *** Signon by Nap detected /NOTIFY *** Currently present: Nap *** Currently absent: Nappy Eventually, you may wish some day not to see messages from a specific user on your screen. This may happen when someone is dumping large amounts of garbage, or if someone is harassing you. The proper response to such a behavior is to IGNORE that person. IGNORE is a very powerful command, and can be used in many ways. However the basic usage of this tool is the following. /IGNORE [<nickname>|<user@host> [[-]<message type>]] Suppresses output from the given people from your screen. IGNORE can be set by nickname or by specifying a userid@hostname format. Wildcards may be used in all formats. Output that can be ignored includes MSGs, NOTICEs, PUBLIC messages, INVITEs, ALL or NONE. Preceding a type with a "-" indicates removal of ignoring of that type of message. /IGNORE *@cheshire.oxy.edu ALL *** Ignoring ALL messages from *@CHESHIRE.OXY.EDU /IGNORE *** Ignorance list: *** *@CHESHIRE.OXY.EDU ALL /IGNORE *@cheshire.oxy.edu NONE *** *@cheshire.oxy.edu removed from ignorance list 2.3 Channels and Public Conversations ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ On IRC, there are a lot of places where you can "hang out"; those places are called 'channels', (most of the information in this section can also be obtained by issuing "/HELP CHANNEL"). You can compare conversations on a channel to a conversation among a group of people: you see/hear everything that is said, and you can reply to anything that's said. What you type is received by everyone who's willing to listen - and everyone who is late will not hear what was said before, unless repeated by one of the ones who were there. (Who said "real life" ?) All channels on IRC have names: a "#" sign followed by some kind of text-string, like "#C++" or "#Asians" or "#EU-Opers". Usually, the name of the channel will indicate the type of conversation that's going on in there. Don't count on it, though. Table 6: Channel commands -------------------------- Keyword Action ~~~~ ~~~ LIST lists channels, number of users, topic NAMES shows the nicknames of the users on each channel JOIN sets your current channel, (same as CHANNEL) WHO gives a listing of users INVITE sends an invitation to another user LEAVE leaves a channel, (same as PART) KICK gets rid of someone on a channel TOPIC changes the topic of the channel ME sends anything about you to a channel or QUERY DESCRIBE sends anything about you to a person or channel Every channel has certain characteristics, called channel modes. These will also be explained below. Recall the NAMES and LIST commands; they will show you the names of the existing channels. /LIST [[<flags>] <channel mask>] Lists all current "channels", number of users, and topic. The displayed list may be quite long, so you can limit it using flags. "/LIST -MIN n" for instance removes channels with less than 'n' users of the output. Example: /LIST -MIN 5 *** #aussies 5 *** #amiga 5 Daily Amiga Silence...join&enjoy *** #hottub 21 Imagine sky, high above... *** #tuebingen 11 Happy Borthday CHUCK!!! *** #Christian 6 Jesus! *** #Twilight_ 15 The Oper Bar & Grill *** #initgame 5 More players needed!!!!!!!!!!!! *** #Taiwan 8 Welcome good friends. *** #espanol 6 EMERGENCIA SE Necesitan Mujeres! *** #sherwood 7 *** #francais 6 on apprend le japonais (japanese welcome) /NAMES [[<flags>] <channel mask>] Shows the nicknames of all users on each "channel", (these may be very long. Remember to filter them with "-MIN n" or "-MAX n"). /NAMES -MIN 5 Pub: #twilight> Mycroft @sojge scorpio @Troy @Avalon @Nap phone Merlinus Lumberjak @tzoper Pub: #espanol Cacique Bonjovi leopardo Carina Miguel Cisco r2 Pub: #amiga @gio @Radix @xterm @mama @AmiBot Pub: #aussies @Bleve @GrayElf @Insomniac @Morkeleb @titus Pub: #hottub baby @Aldur KnightOrc @Toasty Gwydion @Belkira @Aiken Edge @Spockobot @Nada @ZBot @Aurik @anna @RedBaron @Katzen @esashi IceWolf @Eniigma @Digger @TheHeck To join in the conversation on a certain channel you may use the JOIN command. /JOIN [<channel>] Sets your current channel to the supplied channel. /JOIN #Twilight_Zone *** Nap has joined channel #Twilight_Zone *** Topic: The Gernsback Continuum *** Users on #Twilight_Zone: Nap msa tober phone @julia @SirLance igh @Daemon @Avalon @Waftam @Trillian @tzoper The CHANNEL command has the same effects. Note that if no parameters are given, your current channel is displayed. Upon entering a channel, you are given useful details about it: list of users talking in that channel, topic... Joining a channel does not cause you to leave your previous channel unless NOVICE is set to ON. See "/HELP SET NOVICE". Once in a channel, you may wish to get a detailed list of the people IRCing inside. That's where the WHO command comes in handy: /WHO [<channel>|<wildcard expression>] Gives a listing of users. "/WHO *" for the list of users in your current channel. /WHO #Twilight_Zone Channel Nickname S User@Host (Name) #Twilight_ Nap H* pioch@poly.polytechnique.fr (Quidquid latine dictum sit, altum viditur) #Twilight_ msa H msa@tel1.tel.vtt.fi (Markku Savela) #Twilight_ tober H ircuser@kragar.eff.org (tober) #Twilight_ phone H mrgreen@munagin.ee.mu.OZ.AU (Third row seats to the Cure? WHO ME? nah.. *grin*) #Twilight_ julia G*@ julie@turing.acs.Virginia.EDU ( Future graduate of ACME Looniversity) #Twilight_ SirLance G*@ lancelot@tdsb-s.mais.hydro.qc.ca (Sir Lancelot) #Twilight_ igh G igh@micom1.servers.unsw.EDU.AU (igh) #Twilight_ Daemon G*@ frechett@spot.Colorado.EDU (-=Runaway Daemon=-) #Twilight_ Avalon H*@ avalon@coombs.anu.edu.au (Avalon...) #Twilight_ Waftam G*@ danielce@munagin.ee.mu.OZ.AU (Daniel Carosone) #Twilight_ Trillian G*@ hrose@rocza.eff.org ( I turn to stone when you are gone ) #Twilight_ tzoper H*@ tzoper@azure.acsu.buffalo.edu (/msg tzoper help) The first field is the current channel, then nickname, status, real name (in internet user@host form), and a small witty comment you can set yourself with the environment variable IRCNAME, (this will be detailed in section 2.8). Status indicates if a user is "H"ere or "G"one, (see AWAY), if IRCop ("*"), and/or chanop ("@"). It is also possible, when you are already on a channel, to ask someone to join your channel. The command is called INVITE. /INVITE <nickname> [<channel>] Invites another user to a channel. If no channel is specified, your current channel is used. /INVITE Nap *** Inviting Nap to channel #Twilight_Zone If you receive an INVITE message, you can type "/JOIN -INVITE" to join A + or - sign determines whether the mode should be added or deleted. Try typing "/HELP MODE" to get further information. Channels can be moderated (only chanops can talk), secret, private, with a limited number of users, anonymous, invite-only, topic-limited, with a list of banned users... The MODE command also allows you to modify your personal parameters, your "user mode". You can check your usermode with the command "/MODE <YourNick>" or sometimes "/UMODE". Note that user mode +i may be the default on some servers, in order to protect privacy of users. This should not be seen as a problem, since any user can change his/her personal mode whatever defaults a server may set. Table 8: Channel modes ----------------------- ModeChar Effects on channels ~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~ b <person> ban somebody, <person> in "nick!user@host" form i channel is invite-only l <number> channel is limited, <number> users allowed max m channel is moderated, (only chanops can talk) n external /MSGs to channel are not allowed o <nick> makes <nick> a channel operator p channel is private s channel is secret t topic limited, only chanops may change it Table 9: User modes -------------------- ModeChar Effects on nicknames ~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~ i makes yourself invisible to anybody that does not know the exact spelling of your nickname o IRC-operator status, can only be set by IRC-ops with OPER s receive server notices w receive wallops (abused and deprecated) 2.5 Client to Client Protocol ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ /CTCP <nickname> <command> [<argument>] Allows you to perform certain client specific actions on the network. /CTCP Nap VERSION *** CTCP VERSION reply from Nap: ircII 2.2 *IX :ircII 2.2, SL0 The one you thought you'd never see. This can be used to get information about how long a person has been idle: /CTCP Nap FINGER *** CTCP FINGER reply from Nap: PIOCH Nicolas - Nap on IRC, X90, (pioch@poly.polytechnique.fr) Idle 0 seconds Table 10: Client to Client Commands ------------------------------------ Keyword Action ~~~~ ~~~ CTCP performs certain client specific actions DCC handles direct connections to remote clients DCC SEND initiates a file transfer DCC GET accepts a file transfer DCC CLOSE ends a DCC connection or offer DCC LIST shows current DCC connections DCC CHAT initiates a secure chat between two clients There are many other CTCP commands, and new ones are introduced all the time. There is a mechanism for you to find out what you can use: CTCP CLIENTINFO. To find out about your own client services, execute a CLIENTINFO on yourself. /CTCP Nap CLIENTINFO *** CTCP CLIENTINFO reply from Nap: SED VERSION CLIENTINFO USERINFO ERRMSG FINGER TIME ACTION DCC UTC PING :Use CLIENTINFO <COMMAND> to get more specific information If you are interested in this powerful CTCP mechanism, have a look in the various ircII help files. "/HELP CTCP" might tell you more... However the client-to-client protocol has a very powerful feature: Allowing two people to exchange files. To send small text files, electronic mail is probably the best solution, (don't rely on the user@host given by the WHOIS command to send mail. For people registered on NickServ, you can "/MSG NickServ@Service.de WHOIS nick" to get their E-mail address). However, ircII provides you a way to establish Direct Client Connections ("DCC") to perform functions like sending and receiving files. If NickA wants to send a file to NickB, then NickA should type: /DCC SEND NickB filename On NickB's screen will appear: *** DCC SEND (filename) request received from NickA If he, (NickB), wants to get the file, he just needs to type: /DCC GET NickA filename A few seconds later *** DCC GET connection with NickA established *** DCC GET filename connection to NickA completed will inform both users that data transfer has been successfully completed. Here's a quick overview of the subject: /DCC <function> [<arguments>] Handles direct connections to remote clients. The behavior of DCC is determined by the specified <function>. /DCC SEND <nickname> <filename> Initiates a file transfer by direct client connection. /DCC GET <nickname> <filename> Accepts a file transfer by direct client connection. The sender must first have offered the file with DCC SEND. /DCC CLOSE <type> <nickname> [<arguments>] Ends an unwanted DCC connection or offer. The <type>, <nickname> and <arguments> must be the same as those shown by "/DCC LIST". If the arguments are not supplied, the oldest connection of the specified type is closed. /DCC LIST Shows current /DCC connections with their types, status and nicknames involved. More details can be found in ircII online help: try "/HELP DCC"... for more information. However, if someone asks you to send him a file, DON'T do it unless you EXACTLY know what you are doing. For instance, NEVER send the password file of your system to anybody. This could grant crackers illegal access to your machines, and put you and your system administrator in much trouble. DCC also allows two clients to establish a direct client connection for chat. This is a secure form of communication, since messages are not sent through the IRC network. /DCC CHAT Initiates a direct client connection chat to the given nick, who must repond with DCC CHAT. Once established, messages are sent over with "/MSG =Nickname ...". 2.6 Network Related Commands ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If you encounter any problem, contact your local IRC-Administrator or an IRC-Operator. An IRC-Admin is a person who has access to all files concerning 'ircd' (the server program). An IRC-Operator or "IRC-op" is a person who has privileges given to him by an IRC-Admin and tries to maintain a fast reliable IRC network. Information on how you can find out who he/she is, can be found below. Each time you are prompted for a server name, remember you can supply the nickname of someone being connected on that server instead. This may be useful at times... Table 11: Network related commands ----------------------------------- Keyword Action ~~~~ ~~~ ADMIN displays information about a server LINKS shows the servers on the IRC network SERVER switches your primary server MOTD displays the server message-of-the-day USERS prints users logged on the server machine DATE shows server current date and time TIME shows server current date and time LUSERS gives a brief listing of users, servers and operators TRACE shows the server connections of the given server STATS shows some irc server usage statistics INFO shows useless information about IRC VERSION shows client and server version number /ADMIN [<server>] Displays the administrative details about the given server. If no server is supplied, the server you are connected to is used. /ADMIN ### Administrative info about poly.polytechnique.fr ### Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, FRANCE ### IRC-Administrator Nicolas Pioch (Nap@IRC) ### <pioch@poly.polytechnique.fr> /LINKS [[<server>] <wildcard expression>] Shows a list of servers currently connected to the IRC network. If <wildcard expression> is given, /LINKS asks the given <server> for a list of servers matching the given expression, (this list can get very long!). /LINKS *po* *** nova.unix.portal.com 7 Cupertino California, USA *** poe.acc.Virginia.EDU 6 University of Virginia 2.7.1f *** polaris.utu.fi 9 University of Turku, Finland *** polaris.ctr.columbia.edu 6 Columbia University, New York City *** csd.postech.ac.kr 4 POSTECH Computer Science Dept. *** cdc853.cdc.polimi.it 2 Polytechnic of Milan, Italy *** poly.polytechnique.fr 0 Ecole Polytechnique, Paris, FRANCE /SERVER [<server>|<server number> [<port number>]] Switches your primary server to the supplied <server> at the specified <port number>. If no port number is given, the default port number is used (normally 6667). /SERVER poly.polytechnique.fr 6667 *** Connecting to port 6667 of server poly.polytechnique.fr *** Welcome to the Internet Relay Network, Nap *** Your host is poly.polytechnique.fr, running version 2.7.2g.ID *** This server was created Sat Jan 16 1993 at 12:16:10 MET Occasionally, you can switch servers faster than the IRC network can send out the information that you have left your previous server. So don't be surprised if you are told your nickname is already in use... Just wait a moment and set it with /NICK again. /MOTD [<server>] Gives the Message-Of-The-Day for the named server. If no server is given, your server is used. /MOTD MOTD - poly.polytechnique.fr message of the day - MOTD - _____________________________________ MOTD - /\ \ MOTD - \_| Bienvenue sur le serveur | MOTD - | Internet Relay Chat | MOTD - | de l'Ecole Polytechnique, FRANCE | MOTD - | _________________________________|__ MOTD - \_/___________________________________/ MOTD - MOTD - | | | En cas de probleme, MOTD - )_) )_) )_) tapez / admin MOTD - )___))___))___)\ MOTD - )____)____)_____)\\ Nicolas PIOCH MOTD - _____|____|____|____\\\__ Nap sur IRC MOTD - --\ Welcome on IRC ! /--------- MOTD - ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^ * End of /MOTD command /USERS [<server>] Shows the users logged into the machine where the server is running, (it's up to the server administrator to implement this feature or not. It may not work on some machines). /USERS *** UserID Terminal Host *** pioch ttyp9 rotule.polytechn *** pioch ttypc rotule.polytechn *** pioch ttyq0 rotule.polytechn *** pioch ttyq1 rotule.polytechn /DATE [<server>] /TIME [<server>] Shows the current time of day and date. If a server is specified, the time of day and date are reported from that server. DATE and TIME are identical. /DATE *** poly.polytechnique.fr Saturday June 20 1992 -- 02: 35 +01:00 /LUSERS Gives a brief listing of the number of servers, operators and users matching the given <wildcard expression>, as seen from the specified <server>. /LUSERS *** There are 1008 users and 291 invisible on 135 servers *** 72 users have connection to the twilight zone *** There are 458 channels *** I have 16 clients and 4 servers *** 22 maximum connections, 19 clients /TRACE [<server>] Shows the server connections of the given <server>. /TRACE *** Serv Class[9] ==> 134S 1331C eff.org[192.88.144.3] *** Serv Class[8] ==> 1S 6C Julia.Enst.FR *** Serv Class[8] ==> 1S 6C Eurecom8.Cica.FR[192.70.34.208] *** Serv Class[1] ==> 2S 0C athina.cc.uch.gr[147.52.80.102] *** Serv Class[8] ==> 1S 5C dafne.mines.u-nancy.fr[192.70.66.2] *** Serv Class[8] ==> 1S 0C cnam.cnam.fr *** Class 0 Entries linked: 16 *** Class 9 Entries linked: 1 *** Class 8 Entries linked: 4 *** Class 1 Entries linked: 1 /STATS c|i|k|l|m|u|y [<server>] Shows some irc server usage statistics. /STATS u *** Server Up 12 days, 12:28:44 /INFO [<server>] Shows information about the IRC creators, debuggers, slaves and a lot of other people who no longer have much to do with IRC. /VERSION Shows the ircII version number and the version number of the server. /VERSION *** Client: ircII 2.2 *** Server poly.polytechnique.fr: ircd 2.7.2g.Nap+6(privacy). 2.7 Quick Reference Panel ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Keyword Action ------- ------ ! recalls previous commands for re-editing ADMIN displays information about a server AWAY leaves a message saying you're not paying attention CLEAR puts some white space on your screen CTCP performs certain client specific actions DATE shows server current date and time DCC handles direct connections to remote clients DESCRIBE sends anything about you to a person or channel HELP prints help on the given command HISTORY displays the command history IGNORE removes output from specific people off your screen INFO shows useless information about IRC INVITE sends an invitation to another user JOIN sets your current channel KICK gets rid of someone on a channel LASTLOG lists the most recent messages LEAVE leaves a channel LINKS shows servers on the IRC network LIST lists channels, number of users, topic LUSERS gives a brief listing of users, servers and operators ME sends anything about you to a channel or QUERY MODE changes channel mode MOTD displays the server message-of-the-day MSG sends a private message NAMES shows the nicknames of users on each channel NICK changes your nickname NOTICE sends a private message NOTIFY warns you of people logging in or out IRC QUERY starts a private conversation QUIT exits your IRC session SERVER switches your primary server STATS shows some irc server usage statistics TIME shows server current date and time TOPIC changes the topic of the channel TRACE shows the server connections of the given machine USERS prints users logged on the server machine VERSION shows client and server version number WHO gives a listing of users WHOIS displays information about someone WHOWAS displays information about someone who just left 2.8 Further into ircII Wizardry ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Note: This part should be reserved for experienced IRC'ers. Because ircII is not a simple client program, but an Operating System, its programming language is just as simple as you could expect (it's horrendous), but if you want to get into it, here's a little note for you... There are a few Unix environment variables you can set in your shell configuration file, but you need to find out your shell name before that. "echo $SHELL" should give you a hint. Table 12: Setting environment variables ---------------------------------------- Shell type Shell name Command ~~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~ Bourne shells sh $ VARNAME="value" ; export VARNAME ksh $ export VARNAME="value" % setenv VARNAME "value" tcsh > setenv VARNAME "value" Table 13: Environment variables -------------------------------- Name Effects ~~ ~~~~ HOME where your home directory is IRCNAME any lunaheses in a WHOIS) IRCNICK your default IRC nickname IRCPATH a directory path to LOAD scripts IRCRC a file to use instead of your $HOME/.ircrc IRCSERVER a default server list for ircII TERM your terminal type The command character, (usually "/"), is only necessary when you type commands interactively, when you program things it is no more needed, it used to be though. Table 14: Advanced commands --------------------------- Keyword Action ~~~~ ~~~ # same as COMMENT except for the lenght @ performs variable expressions ALIAS creates command aliases ASSIGN creates user variables (expandable with $) BIND binds a keystroke sequence to a function CD changes ircII working directory COMMENT does nothing, but very useful. Strange, uh? ECHO displays all of its arguments EXEC allows you to start subprocesses FLUSH flushes all pending output from the server IF standard boolean expression checker LOAD loads an ircII command script file ON sets up actions to occur when certain events happen REDIRECT forwards the output from a command SAVE saves all ircII settings into a file SAY same as sending text to a channel SEND same as sending text to a channel SET sets a variable to a given value SLEEP suspends ircII for a few seconds TYPE simulates keystrokes WAIT waits for all server output to finish WHILE another control command to make loops WINDOW lets you manipulate multiple "windows" in ircII XECHO like ECHO, but takes flag arguments If you want to type to the channel from within an ALIAS or on BINDing, you have to use SAY or SEND. The ";" has a special meaning in ALIASes, BINDings and ONs: it's treated as command separator, that means you can execute multiple commands in a row separated by semicolons. The semicolons are not considered separators when you use them interactively, (to be able to type ";-)"), and within an ircII script file. You can escape the meaning of ";" in an ALIAS with "\;". When you use ircII on a (semi)regular basis, you will discover that every time you start the program you will issue the same initialization sequence. If that is the case, I have good news for you: you don't have to do that anymore! ircII will, at startup, load a file called ".ircrc", (full path: $HOME/.ircrc). It will treat each line in that file as if you typed it manually. For example, if the content of your .ircrc file is: JOIN #Twilight_Zone then each time you will start IRC, you will join this channel. Advanced commands may come in handy if you need them. Feel free to browse in ircII online help to find out more about them. A few of them are probably worth learning... 2.9 Sample .ircrc ~~~~~~~~~ As a sample, here's part of my .ircrc file. Since ircII2.2, this file can be found in the "script" directory, and loaded with "/load ircprimer" # Sample .ircrc script, from the IRCprimer v1.1 # ------------------------------------------------------------------- # IRCII sample configuration file (~/.ircrc) (Nicolas Pioch) # ------------------------------------------------------------------- # The aim of this file is to shorten all useful commands to 1 letter. set NOVICE off set INPUT_ALIASES off set AUTO_WHOWAS on set SHOW_CHANNEL_NAMES on set SHOW_AWAY_ONCE on # Speeds up ircII display 2 times set SCROLL_LINES 2 # Put Hack notices down under on ^SERVER_NOTICE "\*\*\* Notice -- Hack: *" set status_user Hack: $4- # Modified killpath script from YeggMan ALIAS kpath ECHO ### Last received KILL for $nkp.path @ nkp.path = [<empty>] ALIAS nkp.msg ECHO ### $Z -- KILL by $1 for $0 $2- ALIAS nkp.idx @ FUNCTION_RETURN = RINDEX(! $0) + 1 ALIAS nkp.srv @ FUNCTION_RETURN = INDEX(. $MID($nkp.idx($0) 512 $0)) ON ^SERVER_NOTICE "\*\*\* Notice -- Received KILL*" { # if (index(. $mid(${rindex(! $11) +1} 512 $11)) IF ( nkp.srv($11) > -1 ) { nkp.msg $7 $9 } { nkp.msg $7 $9 $12- } @ nkp.path = [$7-] } # Function to strip the less significant part of an internet hostname # $userdomain(username@host.subdomain.dom) returns username@subdomain.dom # This eliminates the hostname which may change frequently alias userdomain { @ function_return = LEFT($INDEX(@ $0) $0)##[@]##MID(${1+INDEX(. $0)} 99 $0) } # Who is that ? on ^msg * echo *$0!$userdomain($userhost())* $1- # /w [<nickname>] get info on someone # /q [<nickname>] query someone # /m <nickname> <text> send a message # /n <nickname> <text> send a notice # /r <text> reply to last message I got # /a <text> followup on my last message alias w whois alias q query alias m msg alias n notice alias r msg $, alias a msg $. # /j <channel> join a channel # /l <channel> list people in a channel # /ll list in the current channel # /i <nickname> [<channel>] invite someone # /hop leave the current channel alias j join alias l who alias ll who * alias i invite alias hop part $C # /o <nickname> [<nickname> <nickname>] give channel op status # /d <nickname> [<nickname> <nickname>] remove channel op status # /k <nickname> kick someone # /mo [+|-]<modechars> change current channel mode alias o mode $C +ooo alias d mode $C -ooo alias k kick $C alias mo mode $C # the "wrong person" alias! /oops <nickname> to resend message to alias oops { @ _whoops = [$B] msg $. Whooops ! Please ignore, that wasn't meant for you. msg $0 $_whoops } alias unset set -$* alias unalias alias -$* alias NickServ msg NickServ@Service.de alias NoteServ msg NoteServ@Service.de # ------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.10 Writing automatons ~~~~~~~~~~~~ An automaton, (also called robot or service), is a program that is connected to the IRC network to provide services. Many people try to set that up with a few ircII commands like: on ^msg "% help" notice $0 This is LameBot 1.0 However, you should know that setting up an automaton using ircII ON facilities is quick and dirty, and should be reserved for robots that rely on ircII specific features such as DCC (file servers for instance). Writing a program in C, perl or any decent programming language should take longer in the beginning, but your efforts will be rewarded. You can download skeletons of such programs on some ftp sites that keep IRC related stuff (check in the Frequently Asked Questions part). Although most robots-writers believe they have created a "smart thing", 99% of the robots online happen to be a nuisance to the IRC community, because a few simple rules were not respected by their owners. The main idea is that robots should neither be seen nor heard: * automatons should be clearly identified as such, having "bot", "serv" or "srv" in their nickname. * they should use NOTICES to communicate with the rest of the world, and not reply to NOTICES they get. * they should be able to always be killed (craziness is a frequent disease among robots). * they should be able to be killed remotely by their owner via IRC. * they should not give access to their owner's real files, (bandits have already been able to crack people's accounts through their robots). * they should not send messages to channels (unless the channel is dedicated to that robot). * they should not flood channels with MODE changes. Basically, if you have such a command as: on -JOIN "Lamer #BotTub" mode #BotTub +o Lamer then you are wrong. Because this is what you will get: *** Lamer (clueless@where.the.hell) has joined channel #bottub *** Mode change "+o Lamer" on channel #bottub by LameBot *** Mode change "+o Lamer" on channel #bottub by StupidSrv *** Mode change "+ooo Lamer Lamer Lamer" on channel #bottub by FloodServ *** Mode change "+o Lamer" on channel #bottub by Dumbbot And this will get boring very soon, so don't be surprised if such robots get banned from most channels. A good kludge is to wait until someone asks explicitly the robot to be opped on a channel. This could be: on -MSG "Lamer op me on #BotTub" mode #BotTub +o Lamer If you don't respect rules 2 and 6 above, this may happen too: *** TalkBot (clueless@where.the.hell) has joined channel #bottub * Nap opens up the fridge. You can also use your own nickname as command, i.e. you can type the line with a leading slash: /Nap reaches out for the orange juice. * Nap reaches out for the orange juice. The same goal can be achieved towards a specific nickname using: /DESCRIBE <nickname>|<channel> <action description> Sends anything concerning you to the <nickname> or <channel> you pass as first argument. (Note: The look of the result depends on each client version, and might not be exactly the same as in the examples shown here.) These commands make use of CTCP, a client-to-client protocol crafted to perform specific actions, but not understood by all clients, (more about CTCP in section 2.5). If you get an error message, your description may not have arrived properly. 2.4 Channel and User Modes ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Channels can have additional constraints, which can be set by the MODE command, (most of the information in this section can also be obtained by issuing "/HELP MODE"). To understand this, recall that the first person to JOIN a channel effectively creates it and is initially "in charge" of the channel, ("Channel Operator" or "chanop"). He/She can subsequently add those constraints, make other people chanops at leisure. Table 7: Mode commands ----------------------- Keyword Action ~~~~ ~~~ MODE changes channel or user mode Public is the default mode for a channel. When someone is on a public channel, he can be seen by all other users, (if his own user mode permits this). Anyone can notice users on a public channel and join such a conversation. Private means that, although anyone can see members of such a channel, you can't tell what channel they are on unless you are already on that channel with them. They just appear as "Prv: *" in LIST or NAMES. Since the number of potential channels is in the billions, this is quite some security - all you give away is the acknowledgement that you're IRCing. If you are on a secret channel, someone who is not on the same channel can't even see that you are there. Your name does not show up in a LIST of active users. The only indication of your presence is that, when entering IRC, all new users are told that there are "NNNNN users on XXX servers". If someone checks on all users and finds less than NNNNN of them, he knows that other people are hiding on secret channels. But a secret channel user still cannot be found except by brute-force checking through all channels, a hopeless proposition in the face of the huge number of possible channel names. Security through obscurity finally means something. /MODE <channel>|<nickname> [[+|-]<modechars> [<parameters>]] Allows channel operators to change channel mode, or any user to change their personal mode, (don't use this command too often, it floods the net with worthless information). /MODE #Twilight_Zone +m *** Mode change "+m" on channel #Twilight_Zone by Nap /MODE Nap -i *** Mode change "-i" for user Nap by poly.polytechnique.fr And this is how to give 'chanop' status to someone on the channel /MODE #Twilight_Zone +o sojge *** Mode change "+o sojge" on channel #Twilight_Zone by Nap Table 14: Advanced commands --------------------------- Keyword Action ~~~~ ~~~ # same as COMMENT except for the lenght @ performs variable expressions ALIAS creates command aliases ASSIGN creates user variables (expandable with $) BIND binds a keystroke sequence to a function CD changes ircII working directory COMMENT does nothing, but very useful. Strange, uh? ECHO displays all of its arguments EXEC allows you to start subprocesses FLUSH flushes all pending output from the server IF standard boolean expression checker LOAD loads an ircII command script file ON sets up actions to occur when certain events happen REDIRECT forwards the output from a command SAVE saves all ircII settings into a file SAY same as sending text to a channel SEND same as sending text to a channel SET sets a variable to a given value SLEEP suspends ircII for a few seconds TYPE simulates keystrokes WAIT waits for all server output to finish WHILE another control command to make loops WINDOW lets you manipulate multiple "windows" in ircII XECHO like ECHO, but takes flag arguments If you want to type to the channel from within an ALIAS or on BINDing, you have to use SAY or SEND. The ";" has a special meaning in ALIASes, BINDings and ONs: it's treated as command separator, that means you can execute multiple commands in a row separated by semicolons. The semicolons are not considered separators when you use them interactively, (to be able to type ";-)"), and within an ircII script file. You can escape the meaning of ";" in an ALIAS with "\;". When you use ircII on a (semi)regular basis, you will discover that every time you start the program you will issue the same initialization sequence. If that is the case, I have good news for you: you don't have to do that anymore! ircII will, at startup, load a file called ".ircrc", (full path: $HOME/.ircrc). It will treat each line in that file as if you typed it manually. For example, if the content of your .ircrc file is: JOIN #Twilight_Zone then each time you will start IRC, you will join this channel. Advanced commands may come in handy if you need them. Feel free to browse in ircII online help to find out more about them. A few of them are probably worth learning... 2.9 Sample .ircrc ~~~~~~~~~ As a sample, here's part of my .ircrc file. Since ircII2.2, this file can be found in the "script" directory, and loaded with "/load ircprimer" # Sample .ircrc script, from the IRCprimer v1.1 # ------------------------------------------------------------------- # IRCII sample configuration file (~/.ircrc) (Nicolas Pioch) # ------------------------------------------------------------------- # The aim of this file is to shorten all useful commands to 1 letter. set NOVICE off set INPUT_ALIASES off set AUTO_WHOWAS on set SHOW_CHANNEL_NAMES on set SHOW_AWAY_ONCE on # Speeds up ircII display 2 times set SCROLL_LINES 2 # Put Hack notices down under on ^SERVER_NOTICE "\*\*\* Notice -- Hack: *" set status_user Hack: $4- # Modified killpath script from YeggMan ALIAS kpath ECHO ### Last received KILL for $nkp.path @ nkp.path = [<empty>] ALIAS nkp.msg ECHO ### $Z -- KILL by $1 for $0 $2- ALIAS nkp.idx @ FUNCTION_RETURN = RINDEX(! $0) + 1 ALIAS nkp.srv @ FUNCTION_RETURN = INDEX(. $MID($nkp.idx($0) 512 $0)) ON ^SERVER_NOTICE "\*\*\* Notice -- Received KILL*" { # if (index(. $mid(${rindex(! $11) +1} 512 $11)) IF ( nkp.srv($11) > -1 ) { nkp.msg $7 $9 } { nkp.msg $7 $9 $12- } @ nkp.path = [$7-] } # Function to strip the less significant part of an internet hostname # $userdomain(username@host.subdomain.dom) returns username@subdomain.dom # This eliminates the hostname which may change frequently alias userdomain { @ function_return = LEFT($INDEX(@ $0) $0)##[@]##MID(${1+INDEX(. $0)} 99 $0) } # Who is that ? on ^msg * echo *$0!$userdomain($userhost())* $1- # /w [<nickname>] get info on someone # /q [<nickname>] query someone # /m <nickname> <text> send a message # /n <nickname> <text> send a notice # /r <text> reply to last message I got # /a <text> followup on my last message alias w whois alias q query alias m msg alias n notice alias r msg $, alias a msg $. # /j <channel> join a channel # /l <channel> list people in a channel # /ll list in the current channel # /i <nickname> [<channel>] invite someone # /hop leave the current channel alias j join alias l who alias ll who * alias i invite alias hop part $C # /o <nickname> [<nickname> <nickname>] give channel op status # /d <nickname> [<nickname> <nickname>] remove channel op status # /k <nickname> kick someone # /mo [+|-]<modechars> change current channel mode alias o mode $C +ooo alias d mode $C -ooo alias k kick $C alias mo mode $C # the "wrong person" alias! /oops <nickname> to resend message to alias oops { @ _whoops = [$B] msg $. Whooops ! Please ignore, that wasn't meant for you. msg $0 $_whoops } alias unset set -$* alias unalias alias -$* alias NickServ msg NickServ@Service.de alias NoteServ msg NoteServ@Service.de # ------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.10 Writing automatons ~~~~~~~~~~~~ An automaton, (also called robot or service), is a program that is connected to the IRC network to provide services. Many people try to set that up with a few ircII commands like: on ^msg "% help" notice $0 This is LameBot 1.0 However, you should know that setting up an automaton using ircII ON facilities is quick and dirty, and should be reserved for robots that rely on ircII specific features such as DCC (file servers for instance). Writing a program in C, perl or any decent programming language should take longer in the beginning, but your efforts will be rewarded. You can download skeletons of such programs on some ftp sites that keep IRC related stuff (check in the Frequently Asked Questions part). Although most robots-writers believe they have created a "smart thing", 99% of the robots online happen to be a nuisance to the IRC community, because a few simple rules were not respected by their owners. The main idea is that robots should neither be seen nor heard: * automatons should be clearly identified as such, having "bot", "serv" or "srv" in their nickname. * they should use NOTICES to communicate with the rest of the world, and not reply to NOTICES they get. * they should be able to always be killed (craziness is a frequent disease among robots). * they should be able to be killed remotely by their owner via IRC. * they should not give access to their owner's real files, (bandits have already been able to crack people's accounts through their robots). * they should not send messages to channels (unless the channel is dedicated to that robot). * they should not flood channels with MODE changes. Basically, if you have such a command as: on -JOIN "Lamer #BotTub" mode #BotTub +o Lamer then you are wrong. Because this is what you will get: *** Lamer (clueless@where.the.hell) has joined channel #bottub *** Mode change "+o Lamer" on channel #bottub by LameBot *** Mode change "+o Lamer" on channel #bottub by StupidSrv *** Mode change "+ooo Lamer Lamer Lamer" on channel #bottub by FloodServ *** Mode change "+o Lamer" on channel #bottub by Dumbbot And this will get boring very soon, so don't be surprised if such robots get banned from most channels. A good kludge is to wait until someone asks explicitly the robot to be opped on a channel. This could be: on -MSG "Lamer op me on #BotTub" mode #BotTub +o Lamer If you don't respect rules 2 and 6 above, this may happen too: *** TalkBot (clueless@where.the.hell) has joined channel #bottub <LameBot> Hi TalkBot! <TalkBot> Hello LameBot! How are you? *** Mode change "+o TalkBot" on channel #bottub by LameBot <LameBot> Fine thanx. <TalkBot> Thank you for the op, LameBot. <LameBot> No problem, TalkBot. *** Signoff: Talkbot (ircserver.irc.edu where.the.hell) *** TalkBot (clueless@where.the.hell) has joined channel #bottub *** Mode change "+o TalkBot" on channel #bottub by where.the.hell *** Mode change "+o LameBot" on channel #bottub by TalkBot *** Mode change "+o TalkBot" on channel #bottub by LameBot <TalkBot> Thank you for the op, LameBot. <LameBot> No problem, TalkBot. ... See? Remember the golden rule: +--------------------------------------------------------------+ | A smart bot won't act unless explicitly asked by someone to. | +--------------------------------------------------------------+ 3. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ============================= 3.1 How do I set up an IRC client? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Here is a list of FTP sites from which you can download a client for your specific Operating System. Table 15: FTP sites with IRC clients ------------------------------------- UNIX ircII ~~~~~ cs.bu.edu - /irc/clients ftp.acsu.buffalo.edu - /pub/irc slopoke.mlb.semi.harris.com - /pub/irc plod.cmbe.unsw.oz.au - /pub coombs.anu.edu.au - /pub/irc nic.funet.fi - /pub/unix/irc/ircII ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de - /pub/net/irc EMACS elisp ~~~~~~ cs.bu.edu - /irc/clients/elisp slopoke.mlb.semi.harris.com - /pub/irc/emacs nic.funet.fi - /pub/unix/irc/Emacs lehtori.cc.tut.fi - /pub/irchat ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de - /pub/net/irc VMS ~~ cs.bu.edu - /irc/clients/vms coombs.anu.edu.au - /pub/irc/vms nic.funet.fi - /pub/unix/irc/vms ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de - /pub/net/irc REXX for VM ~~~~~~ ftp.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de - /pub/irc/rxirc ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de - /pub/net/irc/VM cs.bu.edu - /irc/clients/rxirc coombs.anu.edu.au - /pub/irc/rxirc nic.funet.fi - /pub/unix/irc/rxirc MSDOS ~~~ cs.bu.edu - /irc/clients nic.funet.fi - /pub/unix/irc/msdos Macintosh ~~~~~ cs.bu.edu - /irc/clients nic.funet.fi - /pub/unix/irc/mac sumex.stanford.edu - /info-mac/comm ftp.ira.uka.de - /pub/systems/mac For Unix machines, you either compile the source yourself, or have someone else on your machine compile the source for you. The current "official" ircII release is version 2.2.1. That means that it is said to be quite bugfree (Hehe, you never know...) In addition to this "official" distribution, you may find preversions of the client to come floating around, for people who like to track down bugs and taste things to come. However, you should be aware of that those clients are being worked on, and may not have full features working properly. Here are the commands to type to setup an ircII client: ~ > ftp ftp> verbose off Verbose mode off. ftp> open cs.bu.edu Name (cs.bu.edu:yourname) : ftp Password: yourname@yourhost ftp> cd irc/clients ftp> bin ftp> get ircII2.2.1.2.tar.Z "|zcat|tar xf -" ftp> get ircII2.2.1help.tar.Z "|zcat|tar xf -" ftp> quit ~ > You now have to go into ircII2.2.1 and read the files explaining how to achieve a successful installation. Have a look at README and INSTALL, edit config.h to define DEFAULT_SERVER, edit Makefile to define INSTALL_EXECUTABLE, IRCII_LIBRARY and the C compiler you will be using, then type make install and wait... If you can't set up a client on any local machine, you can still use any telnet client: Table 16: Open telnet clients ------------------------------ Area Command login name ~~ ~~~~ ~~~~~ America telnet bradenville.andrew.cmu.edu telnet chatsubo.nersc.gov bbs Asia telnet cc.nsysu.edu.tw irc Europe telnet ircclient.itc.univie.ac.at 6668 telnet irc.ibmpcug.co.uk 9999 Please only use telnet when you have no other way of reaching IRC, as this resource is quite limited. 3.2 Which server do I connect to? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ It's usually best to try and connect to one geographically close, even though that may not be the best. You can always ask when you get on IRC. Here's a list of servers available for connection: Table 17: Open IRC servers --------------------------- America Canada ug.cs.dal.ca ~~~~ USA csa.bu.edu ucsu.coloradu.edu irc.caltech.edu Europe Finland nic.funet.fi ~~~ France poly.polytechnique.fr Germany noc.belwue.de Sweden irc.nada.kth.se Oceania Australia munagin.ee.mu.oz.au ~~~~ This is by no means, a comprehensive list, but merely a start. Connect to the closest of these servers and join the channel #Twilight_Zone or, if you are in Europe, #EU-Opers. When you are there, immediately ask what you want. Don't say "I have a question" because then everyone will ignore you until you say it a few times, and then they'll jump down your throat and rip your lungs out. No one knows if he can answer your question until you ask it. 3.3 What are good channels to try while using IRC? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #Hottub and #initgame are almost always teeming with people. #Hottub is meant to simulate a hot tub, and #initgame is a non-stop game of "inits" (initials). Just join the fun and find out! (German users may try channels named after German university towns...) Many IRC Operators are in #Twilight_Zone, while European Operators concentrate in #EU-Opers... So if you join an Operator channel and don't hear much talking, don't worry, it's not because you joined, Operators don't talk much on such channels anyways! 3.4 How do I get nifty effects with ircII? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ You can highlight messages you send using control chars: parts of text surrounded by control-b (^B) will appear in video reverse to most ircII users for instance. However the appearance of such effects relies on the terminal abilities of the user you're writing to. In some cases keys are already bound to something. For instance, ^B is normally bound to BACKWARD_CHARACTER, so you will need to define a "quote-character" key: just enter "/BIND ^W QUOTE_CHARACTER" then "/BIND ^W^B SELF_INSERT" and it may work... Table 18: Highlighting ircII output ------------------------------------ Key Effect ~~ ~~~ ^B Video reverse ^V Underline ^_ Bold 3.5 What if someone tells me to type something cryptic? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ NEVER type anything anyone tells you to without knowing what it is. There is a problem with typing a certain command with the ircII client that gives anyone immediate control of your client, (and thus can alter your account environment also). Look in the ircII on-line help each time you can. 3.6 I get strange characters on my screen, what are they? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ IRC has quite a lot of people from Scandinavian countries, }{|][\ are letters in their alphabet (IRC is supposed to support the ISO Latin-1 8-bit character set, but your client must be able to display them...) This has been explained on IRC about a thousand and one times, so read the following, do not ask it on IRC: Table 19: Nordic countries character translations -------------------------------------------------- Character Description ~~~~~ ~~~~~~ [, { 'a' with two dots over it ], } 'a' with a small circle above it \, | 'o' with two dots over it, or a dash ("/") through it ("[", "]", and "\" = upper case) In addition to that, Japanese IRC'ers use a special ANSI escape control sequences to transmit their Kanji alphabet. This may also look funny if you get some of it... Here's a sample: [$B$?$K$7[$B;$m$K# (nice, uh?) 3.7 What about NickServ? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ To quote from NickServ's help text, NickServ's purpose is to help avoiding nickname confusions on IRC. There's no such thing as "nickname ownership", however NickServ sends a warning to anyone else who signs on with your nickname. If you don't use IRC for 10 weeks, your nickname registration expires for reuse. Only a NickServ operator can change your NickServ password. To find out which NickServ operators are on-line, send /MSG NickServ@Service.de OPERWHO Nicknames with a "*" next to them are online at the time. 3.8 I'm being flooded or harassed by a jerk. HELP! ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If somebody is behaving like a jerk on IRC, like dumping to a channel Mb's of garbage, then he should be KICKed and eventually banned from the channel, (see "/HELP MODE" for details). If it's a matter of personal harassment, then you should set a proper IGNORE on that person, (preferably on his userid@hostname). Remember you can use wildcard expressions for IGNORE. More about this in section 2.2. 3.9 How do I get rid of a ghosted IRC session? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Sometimes you may have a "ghosted" IRC session, a process still running on your machine you would like to get rid of, but can't control anymore to issue a QUIT command. Going back to a unix shell, try listing your processes: ("ps -ux" or "ps -f" depending on your system) poly ~ > ps -ux USER PID %CPU %MEM SZ RSS TT STAT TIME COMMAND pioch 10410 1.4 0.2 839 402 pf S 0:00 /usr/local/bin/emacs pioch 25441 0.6 0.9 2888 1908 ? S 0:32 xterm -ls pioch 25444 0.4 0.2 550 341 pf S 0:17 -tcsh (tcsh) pioch 10404 0.1 0.3 897 624 pf S 0:00 irisVx 5 4 10403 pioch 25634 0.0 0.3 1022 678 p6 S 0:22 irc pioch 25451 0.0 0.2 953 326 ? S 0:07 xmailbox pioch 25452 0.0 0.1 386 147 ? S 0:00 xdaliclock pioch 25459 0.0 0.3 1109 617 ? S 0:02 xman pioch 10403 0.0 0.1 574 124 pf I 0:00 mapleV pioch 10423 0.0 0.2 614 459 pf R 0:00 /bin/ps -ux Locate the line about your lost IRC session, (irc should appear in the COMMAND field of the line), and its PID, (process number, second field of the line here). In this example the PID is 25634, as shown here: USER PID %CPU %MEM SZ RSS TT STAT TIME COMMAND pioch 25634 0.0 0.3 1022 678 p6 S 0:22 irc All you then need to type is "kill -KILL" or "kill -9" immediatly followed by the PID found above: "kill -kill 25634" here. You can get more details about the commands involved here in the standard unix manual, ("man 1 ps" or "man 1 kill"). If your machine crashed, and your nick is still in use on the IRC network, you'll have to wait 4 to 5 minutes for your server to recognize the fact. Getting an Operator to kill the ghost is almost never necessary, just sign on as another nickname and wait for the "Ping timeout" or "Bad link" message, then you can change your nick back... 3.10 About KILL usage. ~~~~~~~~~~~~ KILL is a command restricted to IRC-Operators to deal with protocol errors heavily reducing the IRC network functionality. It's to be used with extreme caution, if at all. +-----------------------------------------------------------+ | KILL should never interfere with channel-operator status. | +-----------------------------------------------------------+ If you op someone on a channel, you take the consequences. If someone joins #Whatever, you op them, then they kick everyone and lock the channel with some "Mode change +ib *!*@*", then suffer it: it's your fault, don't go whining to an IRC-op to fix it. If a channel is locked, you should start a new one. Effective methods to deal with obnoxious people are IGNORE, KICK and various MODEs on channels, such as +i and/or +b. If you have been abusively killed by an IRC-Operator, abusing his power to gain illegal channel-operator status for instance, yell! Mail a log to his server IRC-Administrator, (see ADMIN), join #Twilight_Zone or #EU-Opers for European-related problems, and explain what happened. 3.11 Where can I find more? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Should your question not be listed above, you may want to check the "Frequently Unasked Questions", (FUQ) list, which will be shipping real soon now, featuring replies to: <lamer1> Are there any good FTP sites? (1) <lamer2> How do I join a channel? <lamer3> How do I become an IRCop? If you have access to Usenet News, (usually through a program called rn, trn, xrn or nn), you may want to join alt.irc debates, flamings and whinings. You can also join various IRC related mailing lists. "Operlist" discusses current (and past) server code, routing and protocol. Mail operlist-request@eff.org to join. Another mailing list, ircd-three@eff.org exists to discuss protocol revisions for the 3.0 release of ircd, currently in planning. Mail ircd-three-request@eff.org to be added to that. There is also low-traffic mailing-lists for ircII vmsirc and irchat clients. Table 20: IRC related mailing lists ------------------------------------ E-mail for subscriptions What's being talked about ~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ operlist-request@eff.org Server code, routing and protocol. ircd-three-request@eff.org ircd 3.0 protocol listserv@grasp1.univ.lyon1.fr European IRC-Operators mailing list dl2p+@andrew.cmu.edu ircII mailing list vmsirc-request@vax1.elon.edu VMS IRC mailing list irchat-request@cc.tut.fi irchat mailing list ((1) 129.0.0.1 but you already know that.) 4. ADMINISTRATIVIA =================== 4.1 Revision history ~~~~~~~~~~~ This is version 1.1 of this paper. Version 1.0 of the IRCprimer was released in postscript form in June 1992 because I was sick of people asking for an IRC or ircII manual (and it was a good way to learn LaTeX!). During summer 1992 Owe Rasmussen did a very nice text conversion of the paper. Due to the support and many remarks I got, a new version is finally completed (special thanks to Olaf Titz !), along with Owe's plain ascii conversion. The primer is available in 3 formats: IRCprimer.ps.Z: Postscript version IRCprimer.txt: Plain text version IRCprimer.tex.Z: Source code. 4.2 Release sites for the IRCprimer ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The latest version of the primer can be found on the following ftp sites, thanks to their admins: Table 21: IRCprimer release sites --------------------------------- ftp site location ~~~~ ~~~~ nic.funet.fi /pub/unix/irc/docs cs.bu.edu /irc/support coombs.anu.edu.au /pub/irc/docs Here's how to get the latest primer postscript version for example: ~ > ftp ftp> verbose off Verbose mode off. ftp> open cs.bu.edu Name (cs.bu.edu:yourname): ftp Password: yourname@yourhost ftp> cd irc/support ftp> bin ftp> get IRCprimer.ps.Z ftp> quit ~ > uncompress IRCprimer.ps.Z ~ > 4.3 Copyright (C) 1993 Nicolas PIOCH ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This manual is free; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the license, or (at your option) any later version. This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this manual; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. 4.4 Credits ~~~~~~ Interesting informations contained in this paper are due to the work of various people interested in IRC improvement; I'm only responsible for omissions and mistakes :-) It's impossible to give here a full list, however special thanx are due to (in analphabetical order): +---------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Real life (uh ?) IRC E-mail | | ~~~~~~~~ ~~ ~~~ | | Christopher Davis ckd ckd@eff.org | | Christophe Wolfhugel Zolf wolf@grasp.insa-lyon.fr | | Darren Reed Avalon avalon@coombs.anu.edu.au | | Greg Lindahl, Wumpus gl8f@virginia.edu | | Helen Rose Trillian hrose@eff.org | | Ian Frechette Daemon frechett@spot.colorado.edu | | Jarkko Oikarinen WiZ jto@tolsun.oulu.fi | | Jeff Trim jtrim@orion.cair.du.edu | | Jonathon E. Tidswell Ernie jont@cs.su.oz.au | | Karl Kleinpaste poptart KarlKleinpaste@cs.cmu.edu | | Matthew Alderson thecure thecure@mullian.ee.mu.oz.au | | Matthew Green phone phone@coombs.anu.edu.au | | Mauri Haikola Mauri mjh@stekt.oulu.fi | | Michael Sandrof BigCheese ms5n+@andrew.cmu.edu | | Olaf Titz praetorius stitz@ira.uka.de | | Ove Ruben R. Olsen Gnarfer rubenro@viggo.blh.no | | Ronald van Loon rvl rvloon@cv.ruu.nl | | Troy Rollo Troy troy@cbme.unsw.edu.au | +---------------------------------------------------------------------+ Feel free to bug me with your comments, I hope I'll have enough time to reply. Paris, February 21, 1993, Ecole Polytechnique, Nicolas PIOCH.